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Shi Y, Yao M, Shen S, Wang L, Yao D. Abnormal expression of Krüppel-like transcription factors and their potential values in lung cancer. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28292. [PMID: 38560274 PMCID: PMC10979174 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer still is one of the most common malignancy tumors in the world. However, the mechanisms of its occurrence and development have not been fully elucidated. Zinc finger protein family (ZNFs) is the largest transcription factor family in human genome. Recently, the more and more basic and clinical evidences have confirmed that ZNFs/Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) refer to a group of conserved zinc finger-containing transcription factors that are involved in lung cancer progression, with the functions of promotion, inhibition, dual roles and unknown classifications. Based on the recent literature, some of the oncogenic KLFs are promising molecular biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis or therapeutic targets of lung cancer. Interestingly, a novel computational approach has been proposed by using machine learning on features calculated from primary sequences, the XGBoost-based model with accuracy of 96.4 % is efficient in identifying KLF proteins. This paper reviews the recent some progresses of the oncogenic KLFs with their potential values for diagnosis, prognosis and molecular target in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shi
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University & Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng 224001, China
| | - Min Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University & Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shuijie Shen
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University & Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Research Center for Intelligent Information Technology, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dengfu Yao
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University & Department of Medical Immunology, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Jha K, Kumar A, Bhatnagar K, Patra A, Bhavesh NS, Singh B, Chaudhary S. Modulation of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) interaction with their binding partners in cancers through acetylation and phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195003. [PMID: 37992989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2023.195003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of transcription factors regulate transcriptional activity and play a key role in essentially all biological processes and generate indispensable insight towards biological function including activity state, subcellular localization, protein solubility, protein folding, substrate trafficking, and protein-protein interactions. Amino acids modified chemically via PTMs, function as molecular switches and affect the protein function and characterization and increase the proteome complexity. Krüppel-like transcription factors (KLFs) control essential cellular processes including proliferation, differentiation, migration, programmed cell death and various cancer-relevant processes. We investigated the interactions of KLF group-2 members with their binding partners to assess the role of acetylation and phosphorylation in KLFs on their binding affinity. It was observed that acetylation and phosphorylation at different positions in KLFs have a variable effect on binding with specific partners. KLF2-EP300, KLF4-SP1, KLF6-ATF3, KLF6-JUN, and KLF7-JUN show stabilization upon acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions. On the other hand, KLF4-CBP, KLF4-EP300, KLF5-CBP, KLF5-WWP1, KLF6-SP1, and KLF7-ATF3 show stabilization or destabilization due to acetylation or phosphorylation at variable positions in KLFs. This provides a molecular explanation of the experimentally observed dual role of KLF group-2 members as a suppressor or activator of cancers in a PTM-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanupriya Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Kartik Bhatnagar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
| | - Anupam Patra
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Neel Sarovar Bhavesh
- Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), New Delhi 110067, India.
| | - Bipin Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India; Centre for Life Sciences, Mahindra University, Bahadurpally, Jeedimetla, Hyderabad, Telangana 500043, India.
| | - Sarika Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Bennett University, Plot Nos. 8-11, Tech Zone 2, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201310, India.
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Chivasso C, Parisis D, Cabrol X, Datlibagi A, Delforge V, Gregoire F, Bolaky N, Soyfoo MS, Perret J, Delporte C. Involvement of CCL2 in Salivary Gland Response to Hyperosmolar Stress Related to Sjögren's Syndrome. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:915. [PMID: 38255988 PMCID: PMC10815633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients, salivary gland (SG) epithelial cells (SGECs) could be exposed to chronic hyperosmotic stress (HOS), consecutive to their destruction and deregulation, that exacerbates an inflammatory response. The aims of this study were to assess the mechanism accounting for C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression in an immortalized human salivary gland epithelial acinar cell line (NS-SV-AC) subjected to HOS, as well as the involvement of CCL2 in pSS. CCL2 mRNA and protein levels were determined via RT-qPCR and ELISA. Reporter plasmids and a promoter pull-down assay were used to identify transcription factors associated with CCL2 mRNA increase. Our data showed that HOS-induced CCL2 mRNA increase was independent of the nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (NFAT5) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NFkB) but involved Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). CCL2 protein levels, quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in sera samples from pSS patients, correlated with the European Alliance of Associations for Rheumatology's Sjogren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) score for systemic activity. In addition, CCL2 protein levels were higher in patients with biological activity, cutaneous manifestations, and ESSDAI score superior or equal to five. Our data suggest that chronic HOS could exacerbate pSS disease by contributing to the inflammatory process induced by the expression and secretion of CCL2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Chivasso
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Dorian Parisis
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Xavier Cabrol
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Azine Datlibagi
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Valérie Delforge
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Françoise Gregoire
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Nargis Bolaky
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Muhammad Shahnawaz Soyfoo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Brussels University Hospital—Erasme Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (X.C.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Jason Perret
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium; (C.C.); (D.P.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (F.G.); (N.B.); (J.P.)
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Dou C, Wu L, Zhang J, He H, Xu T, Yu Z, Su P, Zhang X, Wang J, Miao YL, Zhou J. The transcriptional activator Klf5 recruits p300-mediated H3K27ac for maintaining trophoblast stem cell pluripotency. J Mol Cell Biol 2024; 15:mjad045. [PMID: 37533201 PMCID: PMC10768793 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjad045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The effective proliferation and differentiation of trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) is indispensable for the development of the placenta, which is the key to maintaining normal fetal growth during pregnancy. Kruppel-like factor 5 (Klf5) is implicated in the activation of pluripotency gene expression in embryonic stem cells (ESCs), yet its function in TSCs is poorly understood. Here, we showed that Klf5 knockdown resulted in the downregulation of core TSC-specific genes, consequently causing rapid differentiation of TSCs. Consistently, Klf5-depleted embryos lost the ability to establish TSCs in vitro. At the molecular level, Klf5 preferentially occupied the proximal promoter regions and maintained an open chromatin architecture of key TSC-specific genes. Deprivation of Klf5 impaired the enrichment of p300, a major histone acetyl transferase of H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), and further reduced the occupancy of H3K27ac at promoter regions, leading to decreased transcriptional activity of TSC pluripotency genes. Thus, our findings highlight a novel mechanism of Klf5 in regulating the self-renewal and differentiation of TSCs and provide a reference for understanding placental development and improving pregnancy rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengli Dou
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Linhui Wu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hainan He
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tian Xu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhisheng Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Peng Su
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Junling Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Huangshi Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei Polytechnic, Edong Healthcare Group, Huangshi 435000, China
| | - Yi-Liang Miao
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jilong Zhou
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (Huazhong Agricultural University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan 430070, China
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5
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Soh PXY, Mmekwa N, Petersen DC, Gheybi K, van Zyl S, Jiang J, Patrick SM, Campbell R, Jaratlerdseri W, Mutambirwa SBA, Bornman MSR, Hayes VM. Prostate cancer genetic risk and associated aggressive disease in men of African ancestry. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8037. [PMID: 38052806 PMCID: PMC10697980 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
African ancestry is a significant risk factor for prostate cancer and advanced disease. Yet, genetic studies have largely been conducted outside the context of Sub-Saharan Africa, identifying 278 common risk variants contributing to a multiethnic polygenic risk score, with rare variants focused on a panel of roughly 20 pathogenic genes. Based on this knowledge, we are unable to determine polygenic risk or differentiate prostate cancer status interrogating whole genome data for 113 Black South African men. To further assess for potentially functional common and rare variant associations, here we interrogate 247,780 exomic variants for 798 Black South African men using a case versus control or aggressive versus non-aggressive study design. Notable genes of interest include HCP5, RFX6 and H3C1 for risk, and MKI67 and KLF5 for aggressive disease. Our study highlights the need for further inclusion across the African diaspora to establish African-relevant risk models aimed at reducing prostate cancer health disparities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela X Y Soh
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Naledi Mmekwa
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Desiree C Petersen
- South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kazzem Gheybi
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Smit van Zyl
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa
| | - Jue Jiang
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Sean M Patrick
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | | | - Weerachai Jaratlerdseri
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Shingai B A Mutambirwa
- Department of Urology, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Medunsa, South Africa
| | - M S Riana Bornman
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Vanessa M Hayes
- Ancestry and Health Genomics Laboratory, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia.
- School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Limpopo, Turfloop Campus, South Africa.
- Manchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, M20 4GJ, UK.
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Chen X, Zhou M, Ma S, Wu H, Cai H. KLF5-mediated CDCA5 expression promotes tumor development and progression of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Exp Cell Res 2023:113645. [PMID: 37247719 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cell division cycle associated 5 (CDCA5) is correlated with the development and progression of many malignant tumors. However, little is known about its role in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) progression. In this study, the clinical value, biological function and underlying mechanisms of CDCA5 in EOC were evaluated. CDCA5 mRNA and protein levels were substantially upregulated in EOC and had a significant positive correlation with adverse clinicopathological characteristics and a poor prognosis. CDCA5 facilitated proliferation, invasion, and metastasis and disrupted mitochondrial-mediated endogenous apoptosis by activating the cell cycle pathway and inhibiting the P53 pathway in EOC cells. Conversely, knockdown of CDCA5 expression blocked the malignant activities of EOC cells and suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Mechanistically, the transcription factor KLF5 bound to a specific site in the CDCA5 promoter and promoted CDCA5 expression. Moreover, KLF5 overexpression rescued the negative regulation of inhibited CDCA5 expression on EOC cell proliferation. In conclusion, our findings revealed that CDCA5 promoted tumor progression of EOC via the KLF5/CDCA5/cell cycle and P53 axes, which might provide new insights into the roles of CDCA5 in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Meiying Zhou
- Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Shouye Ma
- Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Huifang Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hui Cai
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China; Department of Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Lee E, Cheung J, Bialkowska AB. Krüppel-like Factors 4 and 5 in Colorectal Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092430. [PMID: 37173904 PMCID: PMC10177156 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are transcription factors regulating various biological processes such as proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, and homeostasis. Importantly, they participate in disease development and progression. KLFs are expressed in multiple tissues, and their role is tissue- and context-dependent. KLF4 and KLF5 are two fascinating members of this family that regulate crucial stages of cellular identity from embryogenesis through differentiation and, finally, during tumorigenesis. They maintain homeostasis of various tissues and regulate inflammation, response to injury, regeneration, and development and progression of multiple cancers such as colorectal, breast, ovarian, pancreatic, lung, and prostate, to name a few. Recent studies broaden our understanding of their function and demonstrate their opposing roles in regulating gene expression, cellular function, and tumorigenesis. This review will focus on the roles KLF4 and KLF5 play in colorectal cancer. Understanding the context-dependent functions of KLF4 and KLF5 and the mechanisms through which they exert their effects will be extremely helpful in developing targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Lee
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Jacky Cheung
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
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Koh KD, Bonser LR, Eckalbar WL, Yizhar-Barnea O, Shen J, Zeng X, Hargett KL, Sun DI, Zlock LT, Finkbeiner WE, Ahituv N, Erle DJ. Genomic characterization and therapeutic utilization of IL-13-responsive sequences in asthma. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100229. [PMID: 36777184 PMCID: PMC9903679 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2022.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial responses to the cytokine interleukin-13 (IL-13) cause airway obstruction in asthma. Here we utilized multiple genomic techniques to identify IL-13-responsive regulatory elements in bronchial epithelial cells and used these data to develop a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi)-based therapeutic approach to downregulate airway obstruction-inducing genes in a cell type- and IL-13-specific manner. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and acetylated lysine 27 on histone 3 (H3K27ac) chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) in primary human bronchial epithelial cells, we identified IL-13-responsive genes and regulatory elements. These sequences were functionally validated and optimized via massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) for IL-13-inducible activity. The top secretory cell-selective sequence from the MPRA, a novel, distal enhancer of the sterile alpha motif pointed domain containing E-26 transformation-specific transcription factor (SPDEF) gene, was utilized to drive CRISPRi and knock down SPDEF or mucin 5AC (MUC5AC), both involved in pathologic mucus production in asthma. Our work provides a catalog of cell type-specific genes and regulatory elements involved in IL-13 bronchial epithelial response and showcases their use for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Duk Koh
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Luke R. Bonser
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Walter L. Eckalbar
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Ofer Yizhar-Barnea
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Jiangshan Shen
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Xiaoning Zeng
- Department of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kirsten L. Hargett
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Dingyuan I. Sun
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Lorna T. Zlock
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Walter E. Finkbeiner
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Nadav Ahituv
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - David J. Erle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
- CoLabs, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
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9
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Mihara N, Imai K. Suppression of Krüppel-like factor 5 basal expression by CREB1 binding to far distal element. Tumour Biol 2023; 45:81-94. [PMID: 37694332 DOI: 10.3233/tub-230017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a transcription factor regulating the proliferation and differentiation of epithelial cells, and its uncontrolled expression is closely associated with carcinoma progression. Sp3 binding to the minimal essential region (MER) of KLF5 gene is critical for KLF5 basal expression, but the expression control mechanism is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify a regulatory region for KLF5 basal expression and the binding protein in carcinoma cells by analyzing the promoter upstream region. METHODS Reporter assays determined the silencer region. The protein binding to the region was identified by database analysis and ChIP assay. The protein mediating the interaction between the region and the MER was confirmed through chromosome conformation capture (3 C) on ChIP assay. The effects of the protein on KLF5 expression were analyzed using qRT-PCR and western blot. RESULTS Reporter assay localized the 425-region from upstream KLF5 gene as the silencer. Database analysis and ChIP assay found CREB1 binding to the 425-region. CREB1 siRNA or mutation of CREB1-binding site in the 425-region increased luciferase activities and decreased the binding to 425-region. 3 C on ChIP assay showed that CREB1 mediated interaction of the 425-region and the MER. CREB1 overexpression decreased endogenous KLF5 expression and luciferase activity. CONCLUSIONS The 425-region is the silencer of KLF5 basal expression, and CREB1 binding suppresses the expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Mihara
- Department of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazushi Imai
- Department of Biochemistry, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry at Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Yuan CH, Hsu WC, Huang AM, Yuan BC, Chen IH, Hsu CA, Chen RF, Chu YM, Lin HH, Ke HL. MicroRNA-145-5p modulates Krüppel-like factor 5 and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2022; 23:28. [PMID: 35836107 PMCID: PMC9284881 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-022-00430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In several human cancers, Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), a zinc finger transcription factor, can contribute to both tumor progression or suppression; however, the precise role of KLF5 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remains poorly understood. In this study, the association between KLF5 and microRNA-145-5p (miR-145-5p) in NPC cells was elucidated. Results Our results showed that KLF5 expression was up-regulated in NPC group compared to normal group. We found that KLF5 exhibited an oncogenic role in NPC cells. The upregulation of miR-145-5p inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells. It was observed that miR-145-5p could down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression of KLF5 in NPC cell lines. Additionally, the activity of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a migration marker, was regulated by miR-145-5p and KLF5 in NPC cells. Conclusions The results of this study indicated that miR-145-5p could repress the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NPC cells via KLF5/FAK regulation, and could be a potential therapeutic target for patients with NPC. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12860-022-00430-9.
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11
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Han Y, Yu SM, Shah FH, Kim SJ. Subversive molecular role of Krüppel-like factor 5 in extracellular matrix degradation and chondrocyte dedifferentiation. Funct Integr Genomics 2022; 22:1307-1313. [PMID: 35931836 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-022-00892-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disorder worldwide and a leading cause of pain and disability. However, the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis has not been elucidated. Krüppel-like factor (KLF)-5 is involved in several biological processes, including inflammation and cell differentiation, but its role in OA has not been evaluated. In this study, we investigated the role of KLF-5 in chondrocyte differentiation. KLF-5 overexpression in chondrocytes induced a loss of type II collagen expression and sulfated proteoglycan synthesis at the transcriptional and translational levels. Based on immunofluorescence staining, the ectopic expression of KLF-5 reduced type II collagen expression. In contrast, with KLF-5-transfected cells, KLF-5 siRNA transfection-induced type II expression also blocked dedifferentiation caused by the overexpression of KLF-5. In zebra fish, KLF-5 reduced the sulfated proteoglycan synthesis of ceratobranchial cartilage. Our results suggest that KLF-5 plays a pivotal role in the dedifferentiation of rabbit articular cartilage and zebra fish, providing a basis for therapeutic strategy for osteoarthritis aimed at controlling cartilage destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohan Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon-Mi Yu
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Fahad Hassan Shah
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Ja Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kongju National University, Gongju, 32588, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Liberti DC, Liberti Iii WA, Kremp MM, Penkala IJ, Cardenas-Diaz FL, Morley MP, Babu A, Zhou S, Fernandez Iii RJ, Morrisey EE. Klf5 defines alveolar epithelial type 1 cell lineage commitment during lung development and regeneration. Dev Cell 2022; 57:1742-1757.e5. [PMID: 35803279 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar epithelial cell fate decisions drive lung development and regeneration. Using transcriptomic and epigenetic profiling coupled with genetic mouse and organoid models, we identified the transcription factor Klf5 as an essential determinant of alveolar epithelial cell fate across the lifespan. We show that although dispensable for both adult alveolar epithelial type 1 (AT1) and alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cell homeostasis, Klf5 enforces AT1 cell lineage fidelity during development. Using infectious and non-infectious models of acute respiratory distress syndrome, we demonstrate that Klf5 represses AT2 cell proliferation and enhances AT2-AT1 cell differentiation in a spatially restricted manner during lung regeneration. Moreover, ex vivo organoid assays identify that Klf5 reduces AT2 cell sensitivity to inflammatory signaling to drive AT2-AT1 cell differentiation. These data define the roll of a major transcriptional regulator of AT1 cell lineage commitment and of the AT2 cell response to inflammatory crosstalk during lung regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek C Liberti
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William A Liberti Iii
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Madison M Kremp
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ian J Penkala
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fabian L Cardenas-Diaz
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael P Morley
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Apoorva Babu
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Su Zhou
- Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rafael J Fernandez Iii
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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13
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Xu Z, Gao H, Zhang Y, Feng W, Miao Y, Xu Z, Li W, Chen F, Lv Z, Huo J, Liu W, Shen X, Zong Y, Zhao J, Lu A. CCL7 and TGF-β secreted by MSCs play opposite roles in regulating CRC metastasis in a KLF5/CXCL5 dependent manner. Mol Ther 2022; 30:2327-2341. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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14
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Yang S, Feng T, Li H. KLF5, a Novel Therapeutic Target in Squamous Cell Carcinoma. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1503-1512. [PMID: 34931868 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) are the most common ectodermal cancers, and result in more than 300,000 deaths per year. The Krüppel-like family of transcription factors play a critical role in cancer pathogenesis. The Krüppel-like factor 5 gene (KLF5), which is a member of Krüppel-like family, has been reported to promote cancer cell proliferation and tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss the roles of KLF5 in different SCCs and the mechanisms by which KLF5 transcriptionally regulates its target gene expression in the pathogenesis and progression of SCCs. Due to its significant functions in cell proliferation and differentiation, KLF5 could be a novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for the treatment of SCCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Feng
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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15
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KLF5-trancripted miR-125b-5p is involved in enhancing the radio-sensitivity of breast cancer cells by targeting BRCA1. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00177-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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16
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Li L, Wang H, Chen X, Li X, Wang G, Jie Z, Zhao X, Sun X, Huang H, Fan S, Xie Z, Wang J. Oxidative Stress-Induced Hypermethylation of KLF5 Promoter Mediated by DNMT3B Impairs Osteogenesis by Diminishing the Interaction with β-Catenin. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1-20. [PMID: 33588625 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Emerging evidence suggests that the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, characterized by impaired osteogenesis, is shifting from estrogen centric to oxidative stress. Our previous studies have shown that the zinc-finger transcription factor krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) plays a key role in the degeneration of nucleus pulposus and cartilage. However, its role in osteoporosis remains unknown. We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of KLF5 on osteogenesis under oxidative stress. Results: First, KLF5 was required for osteogenesis and stimulated osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). KLF5 was hypermethylated and downregulated in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis mice and in BMSCs treated with H2O2. Interestingly, DNA methyltransferases 3B (DNMT3B) upregulation mediated the hypermethylation of KLF5 induced by oxidative stress, thereby impairing osteogenic differentiation. The inhibition of KLF5 hypermethylation using DNMT3B siRNA or 5-AZA-2-deoxycytidine (5-AZA) protected osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs from oxidative stress. Regarding the downstream mechanism, KLF5 induced β-catenin expression. More importantly, KLF5 promoted the nuclear translocation of β-catenin, which was mediated by the armadillo repeat region of β-catenin. Consistently, oxidative stress-induced KLF5 hypermethylation inhibited osteogenic differentiation by reducing the expression and nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Innovation: We describe the novel effect and mechanism of KLF5 on osteogenesis under oxidative stress, which is linked to osteoporosis for the first time. Conclusion: Our results suggested that oxidative stress-induced hypermethylation of KLF5 mediated by DNMT3B impairs osteogenesis by diminishing the interaction with β-catenin, which is likely to contribute to osteoporosis. Targeting the hypermethylation of KLF5 might be a new strategy for the treatment of osteoporosis. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1-20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangping Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoming Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Department of Emergency, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Gangliang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Jie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangde Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuewu Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunwu Fan
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziang Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Medical College of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal System Degeneration and Regeneration Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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17
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Koenig MJ, Agana BA, Kaufman JM, Sharpnack MF, Wang WZ, Weigel C, Navarro FCP, Amann JM, Cacciato N, Arasada RR, Gerstein MB, Wysocki VH, Oakes C, Carbone DP. STK11/LKB1 Loss of Function Is Associated with Global DNA Hypomethylation and S-Adenosyl-Methionine Depletion in Human Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4194-4204. [PMID: 34045189 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STK11 (liver kinase B1, LKB1) is the fourth most frequently mutated gene in lung adenocarcinoma, with loss of function observed in up to 30% of all cases. Our previous work identified a 16-gene signature for LKB1 loss of function through mutational and nonmutational mechanisms. In this study, we applied this genetic signature to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) lung adenocarcinoma samples and discovered a novel association between LKB1 loss and widespread DNA demethylation. LKB1-deficient tumors showed depletion of S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM-e), which is the primary substrate for DNMT1 activity. Lower methylation following LKB1 loss involved repetitive elements (RE) and altered RE transcription, as well as decreased sensitivity to azacytidine. Demethylated CpGs were enriched for FOXA family consensus binding sites, and nuclear expression, localization, and turnover of FOXA was dependent upon LKB1. Overall, these findings demonstrate that a large number of lung adenocarcinomas exhibit global hypomethylation driven by LKB1 loss, which has implications for both epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy in these cancers. SIGNIFICANCE: Lung adenocarcinomas with LKB1 loss demonstrate global genomic hypomethylation associated with depletion of SAM-e, reduced expression of DNMT1, and increased transcription of repetitive elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Koenig
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Bernice A Agana
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Jacob M Kaufman
- Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Walter Z Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christoph Weigel
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Fabio C P Navarro
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Joseph M Amann
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Nicole Cacciato
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Mark B Gerstein
- Program in Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.,Department of Computer Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Vicki H Wysocki
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Christopher Oakes
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - David P Carbone
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
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18
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Luo Y, Chen C. The roles and regulation of the KLF5 transcription factor in cancers. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:2097-2117. [PMID: 33811715 PMCID: PMC8177779 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel‐like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the KLF family. Recent studies have suggested that KLF5 regulates the expression of a large number of new target genes and participates in diverse cellular functions, such as stemness, proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, and migration. In response to multiple signaling pathways, various transcriptional modulation and posttranslational modifications affect the expression level and activity of KLF5. Several transgenic mouse models have revealed the physiological and pathological functions of KLF5 in different cancers. Studies of KLF5 will provide prognostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and potential drugs for cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Luo
- Medical Faculty of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ceshi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Yunnan Province, KIZ-CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
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19
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Tian Z, Zhang Y, Lyu X. Promoting roles of KLF5 in myocardial infarction in mice involving microRNA-27a suppression and the following GFPT2/TGF-β/Smad2/3 axis activation. Cell Cycle 2021; 20:874-893. [PMID: 33910455 PMCID: PMC8168596 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.1907512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease which represents a leading cause of death worldwide. Kruppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is a member of the kruppel-like transcription factor family which has been reported with pro-apoptotic functions in myocardial cells. This work focuses on the function of KLF5 in the pathogenesis of MI and the molecules involved. A mouse model with MI was established. Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated H9C2 cells were applied for in vitro experiments. A KLF5-specific inhibitor ML264 was administrated in cell and animal models. ML264 significantly reduced apoptosis, expression of fibrosis-related markers, reactive oxygen species in the H/R-treated H9C2 cells, and it reduced myocardial injury, infarct size, apoptosis and fibrosis in the myocardial tissues in model mice through specific downregulation of KLF5. A microRNA (miRNA) microarray analysis was performed, which suggested miR-27a as the most upregulated miRNA in the H/R-treated cells after ML264 treatment. miR-27a mimic reduced apoptosis and fibrosis in H/R-treated cells, while miR-27a inhibition blocked the protective roles of ML264. The integrated bioinformatic analyses and luciferase assays confirmed glutamine fructose-6-phosphate transaminase 2 (GFPT2) mRNA as a target of miR-27a. Overexpression of GFPT2 counteracted the protective functions of miR-27a against MI through the activation of the TGF-β/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. To conclude, this study evidenced that KLF5 possibly induces cell and tissue damage in MI through downregulation of miR-27a and the subsequent activation of GFPT2/TGF-β/Smad2/3 axis. This study may offer novel thoughts into MI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Tian
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R.China
| | - Xueman Lyu
- Department of Ophthalmology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun130031, Jilin, P. R.China
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20
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Moritake T, Kojima J, Kubota K, Terauchi F, Isaka K, Nishi H. Krüppel-like factor 5 is upregulated and induces cell proliferation in endometrial cancer. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:484. [PMID: 33968200 PMCID: PMC8100953 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) is involved in various cellular processes, such as cell proliferation and survival. KLF5 has been implicated in cancer pathology. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression levels and function of KLF5 in endometrial cancer. A total of 30 patients, including 12 patients with endometrial cancer and 18 with benign gynecological diseases (controls), were enrolled at Tokyo Medical University (Tokyo, Japan) between March 2017 and May 2018. Endometrial cancer and control endometrium tissues were collected, and the expression levels of KLF5 were determined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry. For the functional analyses of KLF5 in endometrial cancer, the present study employed a loss-of-function strategy in the human endometrial cancer cell lines in vitro. Ishikawa and HEC1 cells were transduced with lentiviral constructs expressing shRNAs targeting KLF5. MTT and TUNEL assays were performed in cells after knockdown to analyze the role of KLF5 in cell proliferation and survival. The results revealed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of KLF5 were increased in endometrial cancer tissues. In vitro analyses demonstrated that depletion of KLF5 inhibited cell proliferation and decreased the expression levels of cyclin E1. However, silencing KLF5 did not induce cell death. Overall, these results indicated that KLF5 may be crucial in the tumorigenesis of endometrial cancer and has potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Moritake
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Junya Kojima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Kaiyu Kubota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan.,Division of Grassland Farming, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan
| | - Fumitoshi Terauchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Keiichi Isaka
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Nishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
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21
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Hardcastle AJ, Liskova P, Bykhovskaya Y, McComish BJ, Davidson AE, Inglehearn CF, Li X, Choquet H, Habeeb M, Lucas SEM, Sahebjada S, Pontikos N, Lopez KER, Khawaja AP, Ali M, Dudakova L, Skalicka P, Van Dooren BTH, Geerards AJM, Haudum CW, Faro VL, Tenen A, Simcoe MJ, Patasova K, Yarrand D, Yin J, Siddiqui S, Rice A, Farraj LA, Chen YDI, Rahi JS, Krauss RM, Theusch E, Charlesworth JC, Szczotka-Flynn L, Toomes C, Meester-Smoor MA, Richardson AJ, Mitchell PA, Taylor KD, Melles RB, Aldave AJ, Mills RA, Cao K, Chan E, Daniell MD, Wang JJ, Rotter JI, Hewitt AW, MacGregor S, Klaver CCW, Ramdas WD, Craig JE, Iyengar SK, O'Brart D, Jorgenson E, Baird PN, Rabinowitz YS, Burdon KP, Hammond CJ, Tuft SJ, Hysi PG. A multi-ethnic genome-wide association study implicates collagen matrix integrity and cell differentiation pathways in keratoconus. Commun Biol 2021; 4:266. [PMID: 33649486 PMCID: PMC7921564 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01784-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Keratoconus is characterised by reduced rigidity of the cornea with distortion and focal thinning that causes blurred vision, however, the pathogenetic mechanisms are unknown. It can lead to severe visual morbidity in children and young adults and is a common indication for corneal transplantation worldwide. Here we report the first large scale genome-wide association study of keratoconus including 4,669 cases and 116,547 controls. We have identified significant association with 36 genomic loci that, for the first time, implicate both dysregulation of corneal collagen matrix integrity and cell differentiation pathways as primary disease-causing mechanisms. The results also suggest pleiotropy, with some disease mechanisms shared with other corneal diseases, such as Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy. The common variants associated with keratoconus explain 12.5% of the genetic variance, which shows potential for the future development of a diagnostic test to detect susceptibility to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison J Hardcastle
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Petra Liskova
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Yelena Bykhovskaya
- The Cornea Eye Institute, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Bennet J McComish
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Chris F Inglehearn
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Hélène Choquet
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Mahmoud Habeeb
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sionne E M Lucas
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Srujana Sahebjada
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | | | | | - Anthony P Khawaja
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital, London, UK
| | - Manir Ali
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Lubica Dudakova
- Department of Paediatrics and Inherited Metabolic Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavlina Skalicka
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Bart T H Van Dooren
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christoph W Haudum
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Endocrinology Lab Platform, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Valeria Lo Faro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Abi Tenen
- Vision Eye Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Stem Cell Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Mark J Simcoe
- Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Karina Patasova
- Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Darioush Yarrand
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jie Yin
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Salina Siddiqui
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Department of Ophthalmology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK
| | - Aine Rice
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Layal Abi Farraj
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Yii-Der Ida Chen
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Jugnoo S Rahi
- UCL Great Ormond Street Hospital Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | - Jac C Charlesworth
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | | | - Carmel Toomes
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Magda A Meester-Smoor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea J Richardson
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul A Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Kent D Taylor
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Ronald B Melles
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Anthony J Aldave
- The Jules Stein Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ke Cao
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Elsie Chan
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark D Daniell
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation (formerly Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute) at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; Department of Pediatrics, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Vision Eye Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Stem Cell Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Caroline C W Klaver
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wishal D Ramdas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Sudha K Iyengar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - David O'Brart
- Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- St Thomas Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Trust, London, London, UK
| | - Eric Jorgenson
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, CA, USA
| | - Paul N Baird
- Department of Surgery, Ophthalmology, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yaron S Rabinowitz
- The Cornea Eye Institute, Beverly Hills, CA, USA
- Department of Surgery and Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chris J Hammond
- Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
- St Thomas Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas NHS Trust, London, London, UK
| | - Stephen J Tuft
- UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
- Moorfields Eye Hospital, NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
| | - Pirro G Hysi
- Section of Ophthalmology, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK.
- UCL Great Ormond Street Hospital Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
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22
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Wangzhou K, Lai Z, Lu Z, Fu W, Liu C, Liang Z, Tan Y, Li C, Hao C. MiR-143-3p Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells by Targeting KLF5 and Inactivating the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Physiol 2021; 11:606967. [PMID: 33603676 PMCID: PMC7884451 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.606967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) play a vital role in cell regeneration and tissue repair with multi-directional differentiation potential. microRNAs (miRs) are implicated in the osteogenesis of hPDLCs. This study explored the mechanism of miR-143-3p in osteogenesis of hPDLCs. Osteogenic differentiation of isolated hPDLCs was induced. KLF5 expression during osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs was detected and then silenced in hPDLCs. Binding relationship between KLF5 and miR-143-3p was predicted and verified. hPDLCs were treated with miR-143-3p mimic or overexpressing KLF5, and then osteogenic specific markers and mineralized nodules were measured. The key factors of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway during osteogenesis of hPDLCs were measured. KLF5 expression was upregulated during osteogenesis of hPDLCs. KLF5 silencing or miR-143-3p mimic reduced osteogenic specific markers and mineralized nodules. Overexpression of KLF5 could reverse the inhibitory effect of miR-143-3p on osteogenic differentiation. miR-143-3p mimic and KLF5 silencing inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway reversed the repression effect of miR-143-3p mimic on osteogenesis of hPDLCs. In conclusion, miR-143-3p inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs by targeting KLF5 and inactivating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Wangzhou
- School of Management, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhiying Lai
- College of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zishao Lu
- College of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wanren Fu
- College of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Harbin Stomatological Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengeng Liang
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Yi Tan
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Conghui Li
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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23
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Chang Y, Hao M, Jia R, Zhao Y, Cai Y, Liu Y. Metapristone (RU486-derivative) inhibits endometrial cancer cell progress through regulating miR-492/Klf5/Nrf1 axis. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:29. [PMID: 33413440 PMCID: PMC7792070 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01682-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Endometrial cancer is an invasive gynecological cancer prevalent in the world. The pathogenesis of endometrial cancer is related to multiple levels of regulation, referring to oestrogen, tumor-suppressor gene (e.g. PTEN) or microRNAs (e.g. miR-23a and miR-29b). Metapristone is a hormone-related drug, which is widely used in clinical treatment of endometrial cancer. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism of metapristone on endometrial cancer is still unclear, especially the regulatory effect on microRNAs. The aim of this study is to investigate the specific molecular mechanism of metapristone regulating microRNAs in the treatment of endometrial cancer. Methods RL95-2 cells and Ishikawa cells were used as the endometrial cancer models. MiR-492 or si-miR-492 was transfected into RL95-2 cells and Ishikawa cells to explore the role of miR-492 in endometrial cancer. The cell cancer model and mice cancer model were used to confirm the function and mechanism of metapristone affected on endometrial cancer in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, cell proliferation was monitored using MTT assay, cell colony formation assay and EdU assay. Luciferase reporter assay was used to identify the downstream target gene of miR-492. The protein expression and RNA expression were respectively measured by western blot and qRT-PCR for cell signaling pathway research, subsequently, were verified in the mice tumor model via immunohistochemistry. Results Metapristone as a kind of hormone-related drug significantly inhibited the endometrial cancer cell growth through regulating cell apoptosis-related gene expression. Mechanically, miR-492 and its target genes Klf5 and Nrf1 were highly expressed in the endometrial cancer cell lines, which promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis. Metapristone decreased the expression of miR-492 and its target genes Klf5 and Nrf1, leading to endometrial cancer cell growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Metapristone inhibited the endometrial cancer cell growth through regulating the cell apoptosis-related signaling pathway and decreasing the expression of miR-492 and its downstream target genes (Klf5 and Nrf1), which provided the theoretical basis in clinical treatment of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Hao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ru Jia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yihui Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Cai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beijing Friendship Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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24
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Oh GS, Yoon J, Kim G, Kim GH, Kim DS, Choi B, Chang EJ, Lee ES, Kim SW. Regulation of adipocyte differentiation by clusterin-mediated Krüppel-like factor 5 stabilization. FASEB J 2020; 34:16276-16290. [PMID: 33078455 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000551rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Clusterin (CLU) is a heterodimeric glycoprotein involved in a range of biological processes. We investigated the function of CLU as a novel regulator of adipogenesis. CLU expression increased during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. CLU overexpression promoted adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes and increased the mRNA levels of adipogenic markers including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (Pparg) and CCAAT enhancer-binding protein α (Cebpa). Conversely, knockdown of CLU attenuated adipogenesis and reduced transcript levels of Pparg and Cebpa. However, the promoter activities of both the Pparg and the Cebpa gene were not affected by alteration of CLU expression on its own. Additionally, the protein level of Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5), an upstream transcription factor of Pparg and Cebpa involved in adipogenic differentiation, was upregulated by CLU overexpression, although the mRNA level of Klf5 was not altered by changes in the expression level of CLU. Cycloheximide chase assay showed that the increased level of KLF5 by CLU overexpression was due to decreased degradation of KLF5 protein. Interestingly, CLU increased the stability of KLF5 by decreasing KLF5 ubiquitination. CLU inhibited the interaction between KLF5 and F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7, which is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets KLF5. The adipogenic role of CLU was also addressed in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Clu-/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Furthermore, CLU enhanced KLF5-mediated transcriptional activation of both the Cebpa and the Pparg promoter. Taken together, these results suggest that CLU is a novel regulator of adipocyte differentiation by modulating the protein stability of the adipogenic transcription factor KLF5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyun-Sik Oh
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Yoon
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gukhan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Geun Hyang Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Seop Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bongkun Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Chang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Sook Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Whan Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Bio-Medical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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25
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Improved detection of tumor suppressor events in single-cell RNA-Seq data. NPJ Genom Med 2020; 5:43. [PMID: 33083012 PMCID: PMC7541488 DOI: 10.1038/s41525-020-00151-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue-specific transcription factors are frequently inactivated in cancer. To fully dissect the heterogeneity of such tumor suppressor events requires single-cell resolution, yet this is challenging because of the high dropout rate. Here we propose a simple yet effective computational strategy called SCIRA to infer regulatory activity of tissue-specific transcription factors at single-cell resolution and use this tool to identify tumor suppressor events in single-cell RNA-Seq cancer studies. We demonstrate that tissue-specific transcription factors are preferentially inactivated in the corresponding cancer cells, suggesting that these are driver events. For many known or suspected tumor suppressors, SCIRA predicts inactivation in single cancer cells where differential expression does not, indicating that SCIRA improves the sensitivity to detect changes in regulatory activity. We identify NKX2-1 and TBX4 inactivation as early tumor suppressor events in normal non-ciliated lung epithelial cells from smokers. In summary, SCIRA can help chart the heterogeneity of tumor suppressor events at single-cell resolution.
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26
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Fu C, An N, Liu J, A J, Zhang B, Liu M, Zhang Z, Fu L, Tian X, Wang D, Dong JT. The transcription factor ZFHX3 is crucial for the angiogenic function of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in liver cancer cells. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:7060-7074. [PMID: 32277050 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a hallmark of tumorigenesis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is hypervascular and therefore very dependent on angiogenesis for tumor development and progression. Findings from previous studies suggest that in HCC cells, hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF1A) and zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) transcription factors functionally interact in the regulation of genes in HCC cells. Here, we report that hypoxia increases the transcription of the ZFHX3 gene and enhances the binding of HIF1A to the ZFHX3 promoter in the HCC cell lines HepG2 and Huh-7. Moreover, ZFHX3, in turn, physically associated with and was functionally indispensable for HIF1A to exert its angiogenic activity, as indicated by in vitro migration and tube formation assays of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and microvessel formation in xenograft tumors of HCC cells. Mechanistically, ZFHX3 was required for HIF1A to transcriptionally activate the vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene by binding to its promoter. Functionally, down-regulation of ZFHX3 in HCC cells slowed their tumor growth, and addition of VEGFA to conditioned medium from ZFHX3-silenced HCC cells partially rescued the inhibitory effect of this medium on HUVEC tube formation. In human HCC, ZFHX3 expression was up-regulated, and this up-regulation correlated with both HIF1A up-regulation and worse patient survival, confirming a functional association between ZFHX3 and HIF1A in human HCC. We conclude that ZFHX3 is an angiogenic transcription factor that is integral to the HIF1A/VEGFA signaling axis in HCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Na An
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jinming Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jun A
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.,School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xinxin Tian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Dan Wang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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27
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Li J, Zhang B, Liu M, Fu X, Ci X, A J, Fu C, Dong G, Wu R, Zhang Z, Fu L, Dong JT. KLF5 Is Crucial for Androgen-AR Signaling to Transactivate Genes and Promote Cell Proliferation in Prostate Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030748. [PMID: 32245249 PMCID: PMC7140031 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signaling drives both the normal prostate development and prostatic carcinogenesis, and patients with advanced prostate cancer often develop resistance to androgen deprivation therapy. The transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) also regulates both normal and cancerous development of the prostate. In this study, we tested whether and how KLF5 plays a role in the function of AR signaling in prostate cancer cells. We found that KLF5 is upregulated by androgen depending on AR in LNCaP and C4-2B cells. Silencing KLF5, in turn, reduced AR transcriptional activity and inhibited androgen-induced cell proliferation and tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KLF5 occupied the promoter of AR, and silencing KLF5 repressed AR transcription. In addition, KLF5 and AR physically interacted with each other to regulate the expression of multiple genes (e.g., MYC, CCND1 and PSA) to promote cell proliferation. These findings indicate that, while transcriptionally upregulated by AR signaling, KLF5 also regulates the expression and transcriptional activity of AR in androgen-sensitive prostate cancer cells. The KLF5-AR interaction could provide a therapeutic opportunity for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Xinpei Ci
- Vancouver Prostate Centre, Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6H 3Z6, Canada
| | - Jun A
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Ge Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
| | - Rui Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Zhiqian Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China (L.F.)
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, 1088 Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China;
- Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365-C Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
- Correspondence:
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28
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Yang D, Yu J, Liu HB, Yan XQ, Hu J, Yu Y, Guo J, Yuan Y, Du ZM. The long non-coding RNA TUG1-miR-9a-5p axis contributes to ischemic injuries by promoting cardiomyocyte apoptosis via targeting KLF5. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:908. [PMID: 31787746 PMCID: PMC6885510 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-2138-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs participate in many cardiac pathophysiological processes, including myocardial infarction (MI). Here we showed the interplay between long non-coding RNA taurine-upregulated gene 1 (lncR-TUG1), miR-9a-5p (miR-9) and Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5). LncR-TUG1 was upregulated in ischemic heart and in cultured cardiomyocytes exposed to H2O2. Knockdown of lncR-TUG1 markedly ameliorated impaired cardiac function of MI mice. Further study showed that lncR-TUG1 acted as a competitive endogenous RNA of miR-9, and silencing of lncR-TUG1 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis by upregulating miR-9 expression. Furthermore, the miR-9 overexpression obviously prevented ischemia injury and significantly inhibited H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via inhibition of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. KLF5, as a target gene of miR-9 by dual-luciferase reporter assay, was involved in the process of miR-9 in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Our data identified the KLF5 was downregulated by miR-9 overexpression and knockdown of KLF5 inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by H2O2. MiR-9 exerts anti-cardiomyocyte apoptotic affects by targeting KLF5. Collectively, our data identify a novel function of lncR-TUG1/miR-9/KLF5 axis in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis that affects myocardial infarction progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Hui-Bin Liu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiu-Qing Yan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Jing Guo
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China.,Department of Clinical Pharmarcology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhi-Min Du
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (The University Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Heilongjiang Province), Harbin, 150086, China. .,Department of Clinical Pharmarcology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, PR China.
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29
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Hirata Y, Toyono T, Kokabu S, Obikane Y, Kataoka S, Nakatomi M, Masaki C, Hosokawa R, Seta Y. Krüppel-like factor 5 (Klf5) regulates expression of mouse T1R1 amino acid receptor gene (Tas1r1) in C2C12 myoblast cells. Biomed Res 2019; 40:67-78. [PMID: 30982802 DOI: 10.2220/biomedres.40.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
T1R1 and T1R3 are receptors expressed in taste buds that detect L-amino acids. These receptors are also expressed throughout diverse organ systems, such as the digestive system and muscle tissue, and are thought to function as amino acid sensors. The mechanism of transcriptional regulation of the mouse T1R1 gene (Tas1r1) has not been determined; therefore, in this study, we examined the function of Tas1r1 promoter in the mouse myoblast cell line, C2C12. Luciferase reporter assays showed that a 148-bp region upstream of the ATG start codon of Tas1r1 had a promoter activity. The GT box in the Tas1r1 promoter was conserved in the dog, human, mouse, and pig. Site-directed mutagenesis of this GT box significantly reduced the promoter activation. The GT box in promoters is a recurring motif for Sp/KLF family members. RNAi-mediated depletion of Sp4 and Klf5 decreased Tas1r1 expression, while overexpression of Klf5, but not Sp4, significantly increased Tas1r1 expression. The ENCODE data of chromatin immunoprecipitation and sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed that Klf5 bound to the GT box during the myogenic differentiation. Furthermore, the Klf5 knockout cell lines led to a considerable decrease in the levels of Tas1r1 expression. Collectively, these results showed that Klf5 binds to the GT box in the Tas1r1 promoter and regulates Tas1r1 expression in C2C12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Hirata
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Takashi Toyono
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Shoichiro Kokabu
- Division of Molecular Signaling and Biochemistry, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Yui Obikane
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Shinji Kataoka
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Mitsushiro Nakatomi
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Chihiro Masaki
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Ryuji Hosokawa
- Division of Oral Reconstruction and Rehabilitation, Department of Oral Functions, Kyushu Dental University
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University
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30
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Yan W, Wu J, Song B, Luo Q, Xu Y. Treatment with a brain-selective prodrug of 17β-estradiol improves cognitive function in Alzheimer's disease mice by regulating klf5-NF-κB pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2019; 392:879-886. [PMID: 30879099 PMCID: PMC7260153 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-019-01639-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
10β,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED) which is a brain-selective prodrug of 17β-estradiol has been reported to improve the cognitive function in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mice model. However, little is known about the potential mechanism for cognitive improvement. In the present study, we used AD mice to investigate the effects and mechanisms of DHED treatment. Female Tg2576 transgenic AD mice were ovariectomized and then treated by implanting Alzet osmotic minipumps containing DHED or vehicle subcutaneously for 8 weeks. Consistent with previous report, DHED treatment ameliorated cognitive function of AD mice with decreasing Aβ levels in the hippocampus. Besides, we also found DHED treatment could reduce oxidative and inflammatory stress and the level of p-tau. The mechanisms underlying the cognitive function improvement may be linked with estrogen receptor (ER)-klf5-NF-κB pathway, demonstrated by decreased expression of klf5 and the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. However, the effects of DHED treatment could be reversed when ERα was inhibited by ICI182780. Taken together, our findings uncovered a new mechanism for DHED to improve the cognitive function of AD mice and may provide a viable therapy to treat AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Yan
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen Hospital of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518036, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qiang Luo
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Yuming Xu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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31
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Rane MJ, Zhao Y, Cai L. Krϋppel-like factors (KLFs) in renal physiology and disease. EBioMedicine 2019; 40:743-750. [PMID: 30662001 PMCID: PMC6414320 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated Krϋppel-like factor (KLF) gene expression appears in many disease-associated pathologies. In this review, we discuss physiological functions of KLFs in the kidney with a focus on potential pharmacological modulation/therapeutic applications of these KLF proteins. KLF2 is critical to maintaining endothelial barrier integrity and preventing gap formations and in prevention of glomerular endothelial cell and podocyte damage in diabetic mice. KLF4 is renoprotective in the setting of AKI and is a critical regulator of proteinuria in mice and humans. KLF6 expression in podocytes preserves mitochondrial function and prevents podocyte apoptosis, while KLF5 expression prevents podocyte apoptosis by blockade of ERK/p38 MAPK pathways. KLF15 is a critical regulator of podocyte differentiation and is protective against podocyte injury. Loss of KLF4 and KLF15 promotes renal fibrosis, while fibrotic kidneys have increased KLF5 and KLF6 expression. For therapeutic modulation of KLFs, continued screening of small molecules will promote drug discoveries targeting KLF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhavi J Rane
- Department of Medicine, Division Nephrology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Yuguang Zhao
- Cancer Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
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32
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Zhou T, Chen S, Mao X. miR-145-5p affects the differentiation of gastric cancer by targeting KLF5 directly. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:7634-7644. [PMID: 30367481 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) takes part in the pathologic processes of many types of cancer; however, its expression and roles in the biological behavior of gastric cancer remain unknown. TargetScan suggested that miR-145-5p is the predicted effective and conserved microRNA (miRNA) that binds to KLF5 through its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). We investigated the expression of KLF5 and miR-145-5p messenger RNA (mRNA) in gastric cancer and then analyzed its role in the biological behavior of gastric cancer cells. Our results indicated that KLF5 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry in 39.7% of the gastric cancer cases and was increased compared with that of the corresponding noncancerous normal mucosa (0.01 < p < 0.05). The poorly differentiated subtype showed positive KLF5 expression, whereas the differentiated subtype showed negative KLF5 expression (p < 0.05). Dual-luciferase reporter assay suggested KLF5 3'-UTR was the direct target of miR-145-5p. Compared with the differentiated gastric cancer, miR-145-5p was downregulated in undifferentiated gastric cancer (p < 0.05). The downregulation of KLF5 expression and differentiation of MGC-803 and BGC-823 caused by siKLF5 or miR-145-5p mimic transfection. Our results indicated that miR-145-5p/KLF5 3'-UTR affected the differentiation of gastric cancer. miR-145-5p was able to promote gastric cancer differentiation by targeting KLF5 3'-UTR directly. Our data suggest a novel mechanism for cancer differentiation and a new facet to the role of miR-145-5p/KLF5 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taicheng Zhou
- Departments of Gastroenterological Surgery and Hernia Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- Departments of Gastroenterological Surgery and Hernia Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyun Mao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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33
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Wu Q, Fu C, Li M, Li J, Li Z, Qi L, Ci X, Ma G, Gao A, Fu X, A J, An N, Liu M, Li Y, King JL, Fu L, Zhang B, Dong JT. CINP is a novel cofactor of KLF5 required for its role in the promotion of cell proliferation, survival and tumor growth. Int J Cancer 2018; 144:582-594. [PMID: 30289973 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) both suppresses and promotes tumor growth depending on cellular context. The mechanisms underlying tumor promotion could be targetable for therapy. Although a number of transcriptional targets of KLF5 have been identified and implicated in KLF5-mediated tumor growth, how KLF5 regulates these genes remains to be addressed. Here we performed coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the TSU-Pr1 bladder cancer cell line, in which KLF5 is shown to promote tumor growth, to identify KLF5-interacting nuclear proteins that are necessary for KLF5's tumor promoting function. LC-MS/MS revealed 122 potential KLF5 binding proteins in the nuclear proteins precipitated by the KLF5 antibody, and the top nine candidates included AHNAK, TFAM, HSDL2, HNRNPC, CINP, IST1, FBL, PABPC1 and SNRNP40. SRB assays of these nine proteins indicated that silencing CINP had the most potent inhibitory effect on cell growth in KLF5-expressing cells but did not affect parental TSU-Pr1 cells. Further analyses not only confirmed the physical interaction between KLF5 and CINP, also demonstrated that knockdown of CINP attenuated the effects of KLF5 on cell cycle progression, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. Silencing CINP also attenuated the effect of KLF5 on the expression of a number of genes and signaling pathways, including cell cycle regulator Cyclin D1 and apoptosis-related Caspase 7. These results suggest that CINP is a cofactor of KLF5 that is crucial for the promotion of tumor growth, and that the KLF5-CINP interaction could be a novel therapeutic target for inhibiting KLF5-promoted tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Changying Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Menglin Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhigui Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Leilei Qi
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinpei Ci
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Gui Ma
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ang Gao
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xing Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun A
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Na An
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mingcheng Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yixiang Li
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jamie L King
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Liya Fu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Baotong Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Jin-Tang Dong
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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Gong T, Cui L, Wang H, Wang H, Han N. Knockdown of KLF5 suppresses hypoxia-induced resistance to cisplatin in NSCLC cells by regulating HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis through inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. J Transl Med 2018; 16:164. [PMID: 29898734 PMCID: PMC6000925 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1543-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-mediated chemoresistance has been regarded as an important obstacle in the development of cancer treatment. Knockdown of krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) was reported to inhibit hypoxia-induced cell survival and promote cell apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells via direct regulation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression. However, the roles of KLF5 in the development of hypoxia-induced cisplatin (DDP) resistance and its underlying mechanism in NSCLC cells remain to be further elucidated. METHODS Western blot was performed to determine the protein levels of KLF5, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and HIF-1α in treated NSCLC cells. Cell survival was examined by MTT assay. The effect of KLF5 knockdown on hypoxia-induced glycolysis was assessed by measuring glucose consumption and lactate production. The effect of KLF5 knockdown on the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway was analyzed by western blot. RESULTS Hypoxia upregulated the expression of KLF5 in NSCLC cells. KLF5 knockdown suppressed hypoxia-induced DDP resistance in NSCLC cells, as demonstrated by the increased cytotoxic effects of DDP and reduced P-gp expression in NSCLC cells in hypoxia. Moreover, KLF5 knockdown inhibited hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression and glycolysis, and KLF5 knockdown suppressed hypoxia-induced DDP resistance by inhibiting HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, KLF5 knockdown suppressed hypoxia-induced activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in NSCLC cells and KLF5 overexpression promoted hypoxia-induced DDP resistance in NSCLC cells through activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSIONS KLF5 knockdown could suppress hypoxia-induced DDP resistance, and its mechanism may be due to the inhibition of HIF-1α-dependent glycolysis via inactivation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Gong
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuqing Cui
- College of Bioengineering, Henan University of Technology, Lianhua Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
| | - Haili Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoxun Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Han
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, No. 2 Jingba Road, Zhengzhou, 450014, People's Republic of China
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35
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Wang P, Lu YC, Li YF, Wang L, Lee SC. Advanced Glycation End Products Increase MDM2 Expression via Transcription Factor KLF5. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:3274084. [PMID: 30271790 PMCID: PMC6151196 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3274084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes increases the risk for all-site cancers including colon cancer. Diabetic patients present typical pathophysiological features including an increased level of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which comes from a series of nonenzymatic reactions between sugars and biological macromolecules, positively associated with the occurrence of diabetic complications. MDM2 is an oncogene implicated in cancer development. The present study investigated whether diabetes promoted MDM2 expression in colon cells and the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that AGE increased the protein level of MDM2 in a cell model and promoted binding between MDM2 and Rb as well as p53, which led to degradation of Rb and p53. KLF5 was able to bind to the regulatory sequence of the MDM2 gene, and knockdown of the KLF5 protein level inhibited the AGE-triggered MDM2 overexpression, which indicated that KLF5 was the transcription factor for MDM2. In a mouse model of diabetes, we found that AGE level was increased in serum. The protein levels of both KLF5 and MDM2 were increased. KLF5 was able to bind to the regulatory sequence of the MDM2 gene. In conclusion, our results suggest that diabetes increases the level of AGE which enhances the expression of MDM2 via transcription factor KLF5 in colon cells. MDM2 overexpression is a candidate biological link between type 2 diabetes and colon cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yu Cheng Lu
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yuan Fei Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Clinical Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Shao Chin Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Department of Bological Science, School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, China
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36
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Fu RJ, He W, Wang XB, Li L, Zhao HB, Liu XY, Pang Z, Chen GQ, Huang L, Zhao KW. DNMT1-maintained hypermethylation of Krüppel-like factor 5 involves in the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2952. [PMID: 28749461 PMCID: PMC5550868 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the major subtype of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) that is resistant to conventional radiation and chemotherapy. It is a challenge to explore effective therapeutic targets and drugs for this kind of cancer. Transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 (KLF5) exerts diverse functions in various tumor types. By analyzing cohorts of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data sets, we find that KLF5 expression is suppressed in ccRCC patients and higher level of KLF5 expression is associated with better prognostic outcome. Our further investigations demonstrate that KLF5 genomic loci are hypermethylated at proximal exon 4 and suppression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) expression by ShRNAs or a methylation inhibitor 5-Aza-CdR can recover KLF5 expression. Meanwhile, there is a negative correlation between expressions of KLF5 and DNMT1 in ccRCC tissues. Ectopic KLF5 expression inhibits ccRCC cell proliferation and migration/invasion in vitro and decreases xenograft growth and metastasis in vivo. Moreover, 5-Aza-CdR, a chemotherapy drug as DNMTs' inhibitor that can induce KLF5 expression, suppresses ccRCC cell growth, while knockdown of KLF5 abolishes 5-Aza-CdR-induced growth inhibition. Collectively, our data demonstrate that KLF5 inhibits ccRCC growth as a tumor suppressor and highlight the potential of 5-Aza-CdR to release KLF5 expression as a therapeutic modality for the treatment of ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Jie Fu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Pathology, Ren-Ji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Huan-Bin Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Ye Liu
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhi Pang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Chen
- Institute of Health Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences (SIBS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) &Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China.,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
| | - Ke-Wen Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai, China
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37
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Zinovyeva MV, Kostina MB, Chernov IP, Kondratyeva LG, Sverdlov ED. KLF5, a new player and new target in the permanently changing set of pancreatic cancer molecular drivers. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162016060157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Gao Y, Wu K, Chen Y, Zhou J, Du C, Shi Q, Xu S, Jia J, Tang X, Li F, Hui K, He D, Guo P. Beyond proliferation: KLF5 promotes angiogenesis of bladder cancer through directly regulating VEGFA transcription. Oncotarget 2016; 6:43791-805. [PMID: 26544730 PMCID: PMC4791267 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abundant evidence has demonstrated critical roles of KLF5 in regulating cell proliferation in various cancers, however, its additional roles in other aspects of cancer development remain to be further clarified. In this study, we found that KLF5 was essential for cancer cell-endothelial cell interaction in vitro and tumor angiogenesis in nude mice based on lentivirus-mediated KLF5 knockdown bladder cancer cell models. Moreover, KLF5 insufficiency abolished the ability of bladder cancer cells to induce neovascularization in rabbit cornea. Mechanistically, the pro-angiogenic factor VEGFA was identified as a direct downstream target of KLF5, which bound to GC-boxes and CACCC elements of VEGFA promoter and regulated its transcriptional activity. In addition, there was a positive correlation between KLF5 and VEGFA expression in human bladder cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry assay and statistical analysis from TCGA and GEO data. Furthermore, we found that two pivotal pathways in bladder cancer, RTKs/RAS/MAPK and PI3K/Akt, might convey their oncogenic signaling through KLF5-VEGFA axis. Taken together, our results indicate that KLF5 promotes angiogenesis of bladder cancer through directly regulating VEGFA transcription and suggest that KLF5 could be a novel therapeutic target for angiogenesis inhibition in bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Gao
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kaijie Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yule Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chong Du
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shan Xu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoshuang Tang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Hui
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dalin He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Peng Guo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Oncology Research Lab, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Potential involvement of miR-375 in the premalignant progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma mediated via transcription factor KLF5. Oncotarget 2016; 6:40172-85. [PMID: 26474386 PMCID: PMC4741887 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.5502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To elucidate the genetic effect involved in the premalignant progression of chronic inflammation to cancer, we performed microRNA and mRNA profiling in oral lichen planus (OLP), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and normal tissue from the same patients. We demonstrate the involvement of a suppressive microRNA, miR-375, in the regulation of this premalignant progression via KLF5, a transcription factor that modulates the expression of genes contributing to proliferation and apoptosis. We found that miR-375 abundance decreased in tissues with progression from the normal state to OLP and subsequently to OSCC. Restoration of miR-375 by transduction of a synthetic mimic into OSCC cells repressed cellular proliferation and promoted apoptosis, with concomitant down-regulation of KLF5, and vice versa. The direct binding of miR-375 to the 3′-untranslated region of KLF5 was further confirmed. Additionally, Survivin (BIRC5), a target of KLF5, was also regulated by miR-375, explaining the susceptibility of miR-375-mimic transfected cells to apoptosis. Further analysis of clinical specimens suggested that expression of KLF5 and BIRC5 is up-regulated during the progression from inflammation to cancer. Our findings provide novel insights into the involvement of microRNAs in progression of inflammation to carcinoma and suggest a potential early-stage biomarker or therapy target for oral carcinoma.
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Conditional knockout mice demonstrate function of Klf5 as a myeloid transcription factor. Blood 2016; 128:55-9. [PMID: 27207790 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-12-684514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Krüppel-like factor 5 (Klf5) encodes a zinc-finger transcription factor and has been reported to be a direct target of C/EBPα, a master transcription factor critical for formation of granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMP) and leukemic GMP. Using an in vivo hematopoietic-specific gene ablation model, we demonstrate that loss of Klf5 function leads to a progressive increase in peripheral white blood cells, associated with increasing splenomegaly. Long-term hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), short-term HSCs (ST-HSCs), and multipotent progenitors (MPPs) were all significantly reduced in Klf5(Δ/Δ) mice, and knockdown of KLF5 in human CD34(+) cells suppressed colony-forming potential. ST-HSCs, MPPs, and total numbers of committed progenitors were increased in the spleen of Klf5(Δ/Δ) mice, and reduced β1- and β2-integrin expression on hematopoietic progenitors suggests that increased splenic hematopoiesis results from increased stem and progenitor mobilization. Klf5(Δ/Δ) mice show a significant reduction in the fraction of Gr1(+)Mac1(+) cells (neutrophils) in peripheral blood and bone marrow and increased frequency of eosinophils in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lung. Thus, these studies demonstrate dual functions of Klf5 in regulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor proliferation and localization in the bone marrow, as well as lineage choice after GMP, promoting increased neutrophil output at the expense of eosinophil production.
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Nakajima Y, Osakabe A, Waku T, Suzuki T, Akaogi K, Fujimura T, Homma Y, Inoue S, Yanagisawa J. Estrogen Exhibits a Biphasic Effect on Prostate Tumor Growth through the Estrogen Receptor β-KLF5 Pathway. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:144-56. [PMID: 26483416 PMCID: PMC4702593 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00625-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 10/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogens are effective in the treatment of prostate cancer; however, the effects of estrogens on prostate cancer are enigmatic. In this study, we demonstrated that estrogen (17β-estradiol [E2]) has biphasic effects on prostate tumor growth. A lower dose of E2 increased tumor growth in mouse xenograft models using DU145 and PC-3 human prostate cancer cells, whereas a higher dose significantly decreased tumor growth. We found that anchorage-independent apoptosis in these cells was inhibited by E2 treatment. Similarly, in vivo angiogenesis was suppressed by E2. Interestingly, these effects of E2 were abolished by knockdown of either estrogen receptor β (ERβ) or Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factor 5 (KLF5). Ιn addition, E2 suppressed KLF5-mediated transcription through ERβ, which inhibits proapoptotic FOXO1 and proangiogenic PDGFA expression. Furthermore, we revealed that a nonagonistic ER ligand GS-1405 inhibited FOXO1 and PDGFA expression through the ERβ-KLF5 pathway and regulated prostate tumor growth without ERβ transactivation. Therefore, these results suggest that E2 biphasically modulates prostate tumor formation by regulating KLF5-dependent transcription through ERβ and provide a new strategy for designing ER modulators, which will be able to regulate prostate cancer progression with minimal adverse effects due to ER transactivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Nakajima
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Asami Osakabe
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Waku
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Suzuki
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kensuke Akaogi
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Fujimura
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukio Homma
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Department of Anti-Aging Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan Division of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Research Center for Genomic Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Junn Yanagisawa
- Life Science Center of Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Chang J, Wei L, Miao X, Yu D, Tan W, Zhang X, Wu C, Lin D. Two novel variants on 13q22.1 are associated with risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1774-80. [PMID: 26315552 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-15-0154-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromosome 13q22.1 has previously been identified to be a susceptibility locus for pancreatic cancer in Chinese and European ancestry populations. This pleiotropy study aimed to identify novel variants in this region associated with susceptibility to different types of human cancer. METHOD To fine-map the 13q22.1 region, imputation analyses were conducted on the basis of the GWAS data of 2,031 esophageal squamous cell cancer (ESCC) cases and 2,044 controls and 5,930 SNPs (625 directly genotyped and 5,305 well imputed). Promising associations were then examined in ESCC (4,146 cases and 4,135 controls), gastric cardia cancer (1,894 cases and 1,912 controls), noncardia gastric cancer (1,007 cases and 2,243 controls), and colorectal cancer (1,111 cases and 1,138 controls). Fine mapping and biochemical analyses were further performed to elucidate the potential function of novel variants. RESULTS Two novel variants, rs1924966 and rs115797771, were associated with ESCC risk (P = 1.37 × 10(-10) and P = 2.32 × 10(-10), respectively) and were also associated with risk of gastric cardia cancer (P = 0.0003 and P = 0.0018, respectively) but not gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. Fine-mapping revealed another SNP, rs58090485, in strong linkage disequilibrium with rs115797771 (r(2) = 0.94). Functional analysis showed that this SNP disturbs a transcriptional repressor binding to the promoter region of KLF5, which might result in high constitutional expression of KLF5. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that variants mapped on 13q22.1 are associated with the risk of different types of cancer. IMPACT 13q22.1 might serve as a biomarker for the identification of individuals at risk for ESCC and gastric cardia cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Chang
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lixuan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoping Miao
- Key Laboratory for Environment and Health (Ministry of Education), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Sciences and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dianke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Molecular Genetics, College of Life Science, Hebei United University, Tangshan, China.
| | - Chen Wu
- Department of Etiology and Carcinogenesis, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Dongxin Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute and Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Li LM, Zheng B, Zhang RN, Jin LS, Zheng CY, Wang C, Zhou PP, Guo ZW, Ma D, Wen JK. Chinese medicine Tongxinluo increases tight junction protein levels by inducing KLF5 expression in microvascular endothelial cells. Cell Biochem Funct 2015; 33:226-34. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Min Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Ruo-Nan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Li-Shuang Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Cui-Ying Zheng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Chang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Pei-Pei Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Zong-Wei Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Dong Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
| | - Jin-Kun Wen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology, China Administration of Education; Hebei Medical University; Shijiazhuang China
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Li X, Liu X, Xu Y, Liu J, Xie M, Ni W, Chen S. KLF5 promotes hypoxia-induced survival and inhibits apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells via HIF-1α. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1507-14. [PMID: 25051115 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcription factor Krüppel-like factors 5 (KLF5) is overexpressed in a wide range of tumor tissues and acts as a prognostic factor in cancer. However, the role of KLF5 in non-small cell lung cancer is not clear. Hypoxia plays a vital part in the development of cancer via hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). Our study showed that hypoxia (1% O2) increased cell viability, clonality and proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis in A549 cells. The expression of HIF-1α and KLF5 was increased time-dependently in hypoxia. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting KLF5 or HIF-1α, we demonstrated that KLF5 or HIF-1α knockdown inhibited hypoxia-induced cell survival and promoted cell apoptosis by actively downregulating cyclin B1, survivin and upregulating caspase-3. Given the similar effect of KLF5 and HIF-1α on cell survival, an attempt was made to investigate the putative interaction of them in hypoxia. KLF5 was revealed to co-immunoprecipitate with HIF-1α and hypoxia increased the amount of KLF5 and HIF-1α complex. Moreover, silencing of KLF5 decreased HIF-1α expression while KLF5 was not affected by HIF-1α inhibition in hypoxia, confirming the effect of KLF5 on upregulation of HIF-1α. In conclusion, this study identified hypoxia as a tumor promoter by triggering KLF5 → HIF-1α → cyclin B1/survivin/caspase-3 in lung cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Xiansheng Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Yongjian Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Min Xie
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Wang Ni
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
| | - Shixin Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, P.R. China
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