1
|
Lan YW, Chen CE, Huang TT, Huang TH, Chen CM, Chong KY. Antrodia cinnamomea extract alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice by inhibiting the mTOR pathway. Biomed J 2024:100720. [PMID: 38679198 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2024.100720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive diffuse parenchymal lung disorder with a high mortality rate. Studies have indicated that injured lung tissues release various pro-inflammatory factors, and produce a large amount of nitric oxide. There is also accumulation of collagen and oxidative stress-induced injury, collectively leading to pulmonary fibrosis. Antrodia cinnamomea is an endemic fungal growth in Taiwan, and its fermented extracts exert anti-inflammatory effects to alleviate liver damages. Hence, we hypothesized and tested the feasibility of using A. cinnamomea extracts for treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS The TGF-β1-induced human lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) in vitro cell assay were used to evaluate the effects of A. cinnamomea extracts on the collagen production in MRC-5. Eight-week-old ICR mice were intratracheally administered bleomycin and then fed with an A. cinnamomea extract on day 3 post-administration of bleomycin. At day 21 post-bleomycin administration, the pulmonary functional test, the expression level of inflammation- and fibrosis-related genes in the lung tissue, and the histopathological change were examined. RESULTS The A. cinnamomea extract significantly attenuated the expression level of collagen in the TGF-β1-induced MRC-5 cells. In the A. cinnamome-treated bleomycin-induced lung fibrotic mice, the bodyweight increased, pulmonary functions improved, the lung tissues expression level of inflammatory factor and the fibrotic indicator were decreased, and the histopathological results showed the reduction of thickening of the inter-alveolar septa. CONCLUSIONS The Antrodia cinnamomea extract significant protects mice against bleomycin-induced lung injuries through improvement of body weight gain and lung functions, and attenuation of expression of inflammatory and fibrotic indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Wei Lan
- Phoenix Children's Health Research Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Chia-En Chen
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Teng Huang
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tse-Hung Huang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chuan-Mu Chen
- Department of Life Sciences, Agricultural Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; The IEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center and the Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Kowit-Yu Chong
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences Division of Biotechnology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Hyperbaric Oxygen Medical Research Lab, Bone and Joint Research Center, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bodmer NK, Knutsen RH, Roth RA, Castile RM, Brodt MD, Gierasch CM, Broekelmann TJ, Gibson MA, Haspel JA, Lake SP, Brody SL, Silva MJ, Mecham RP, Ornitz DM. Multi-organ phenotypes in mice lacking latent TGFβ binding protein 2 (LTBP2). Dev Dyn 2024; 253:233-254. [PMID: 37688792 PMCID: PMC10842386 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Latent TGFβ binding protein-2 (LTBP2) is a fibrillin 1 binding component of the microfibril. LTBP2 is the only LTBP protein that does not bind any isoforms of TGFβ, although it may interfere with the function of other LTBPs or interact with other signaling pathways. RESULTS Here, we investigate mice lacking Ltbp2 (Ltbp2-/- ) and identify multiple phenotypes that impact bodyweight and fat mass, and affect bone and skin development. The alterations in skin and bone development are particularly noteworthy since the strength of these tissues is differentially affected by loss of Ltbp2. Interestingly, some tissues that express high levels of Ltbp2, such as the aorta and lung, do not have a developmental or homeostatic phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Analysis of these mice show that LTBP2 has complex effects on development through direct effects on the extracellular matrix (ECM) or on signaling pathways that are known to regulate the ECM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas K. Bodmer
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Russell H. Knutsen
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Robyn A. Roth
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Ryan M. Castile
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University School of Engineering
| | - Michael D. Brodt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Carrie M. Gierasch
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine
| | | | - Mark A. Gibson
- Discipline of Anatomy and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - Jeffrey A. Haspel
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Spencer P. Lake
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Washington University School of Engineering
| | - Steven L. Brody
- Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Matthew J. Silva
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Robert P. Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - David M. Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
de Souza Xavier Costa N, Ribeiro Júnior G, do Nascimento ECT, de Brito JM, Antonangelo L, Faria CS, Monteiro JS, Setubal JC, Pinho JRR, Pereira RV, Seelaender M, de Castro GS, Lima JDCC, de Almeida Monteiro RA, Duarte-Neto AN, Saldiva PHN, Ferraz da Silva LF, Dolhnikoff M, Mauad T. COVID-19 induces more pronounced extracellular matrix deposition than other causes of ARDS. Respir Res 2023; 24:281. [PMID: 37964271 PMCID: PMC10648646 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-023-02555-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung fibrosis is a major concern in severe COVID-19 patients undergoing mechanical ventilation (MV). Lung fibrosis frequency in post-COVID syndrome is highly variable and even if the risk is proportionally small, many patients could be affected. However, there is still no data on lung extracellular matrix (ECM) composition in severe COVID-19 and whether it is different from other aetiologies of ARDS. METHODS We have quantified different ECM elements and TGF-β expression in lung tissue of 28 fatal COVID-19 cases and compared to 27 patients that died of other causes of ARDS, divided according to MV duration (up to six days or seven days or more). In COVID-19 cases, ECM elements were correlated with lung transcriptomics and cytokines profile. RESULTS We observed that COVID-19 cases presented significant increased deposition of collagen, fibronectin, versican, and TGF-β, and decreased decorin density when compared to non-COVID-19 cases of similar MV duration. TGF-β was precociously increased in COVID-19 patients with MV duration up to six days. Lung collagen was higher in women with COVID-19, with a transition of upregulated genes related to fibrillogenesis to collagen production and ECM disassembly along the MV course. CONCLUSIONS Fatal COVID-19 is associated with an early TGF-β expression lung environment after the MV onset, followed by a disordered ECM assembly. This uncontrolled process resulted in a prominent collagen deposition when compared to other causes of ARDS. Our data provides pathological substrates to better understand the high prevalence of pulmonary abnormalities in patients surviving COVID-19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Ribeiro Júnior
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jôse Mara de Brito
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leila Antonangelo
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM03), Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Divisão de Patologia Clínica, Departamento de Patologia, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Silvério Faria
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM03), Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - João Carlos Setubal
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João Renato Rebello Pinho
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM03), Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberta Verciano Pereira
- Laboratório de Investigação Médica (LIM03), Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marilia Seelaender
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery and LIM 26, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Salim de Castro
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery and LIM 26, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Joanna D C C Lima
- Cancer Metabolism Research Group, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Surgery and LIM 26, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Serviço de Verificação de Óbitos da Capital, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Dolhnikoff
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais Mauad
- Departamento de Patologia (LIM 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Departamento de Patologia, Laboratório de Patologia Ambiental (LIM- 05), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455, sala 1155, Cerqueira Cesar, São Paulo, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wiedenmann CJ, Gottwald C, Zeqiri K, Frömmichen J, Bungert E, Gläser M, Ströble J, Lohmüller R, Reinhard T, Lübke J, Schlunck G. Slow Interstitial Fluid Flow Activates TGF-β Signaling and Drives Fibrotic Responses in Human Tenon Fibroblasts. Cells 2023; 12:2205. [PMID: 37681937 PMCID: PMC10486805 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fibrosis limits the success of filtering glaucoma surgery. We employed 2D and 3D in vitro models to assess the effects of fluid flow on human tenon fibroblasts (HTF). METHODS HTF were exposed to continuous or pulsatile fluid flow for 48 or 72 h, at rates expected at the transscleral outflow site after filtering surgery. In the 2D model, the F-actin cytoskeleton and fibronectin 1 (FN1) were visualized by confocal immunofluorescence microscopy. In the 3D model, mRNA and whole cell lysates were extracted to analyze the expression of fibrosis-associated genes by qPCR and Western blot. The effects of a small-molecule inhibitor of the TGF-β receptor ALK5 were studied. RESULTS Slow, continuous fluid flow induced fibrotic responses in the 2D and 3D models. It elicited changes in cell shape, the F-actin cytoskeleton, the deposition of FN1 and activated the intracellular TGF-β signaling pathway to induce expression of fibrosis-related genes, such as CTGF, FN1 and COL1A1. ALK5-inhibition reduced this effect. Intermittent fluid flow also induced fibrotic changes, which decreased with increasing pause duration. CONCLUSIONS Slow interstitial fluid flow is sufficient to induce fibrosis, could underlie the intractable nature of fibrosis following filtering glaucoma surgery and might be a target for antifibrotic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius Jakob Wiedenmann
- Eye Center, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstr. 5, 79106 Freiburg, Germany (E.B.); (R.L.); (J.L.); (G.S.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cernisova V, Lu-Nguyen N, Trundle J, Herath S, Malerba A, Popplewell L. Microdystrophin Gene Addition Significantly Improves Muscle Functionality and Diaphragm Muscle Histopathology in a Fibrotic Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098174. [PMID: 37175881 PMCID: PMC10179398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a rare neuromuscular disease affecting 1:5000 newborn males. No cure is currently available, but gene addition therapy, based on the adeno-associated viral (AAV) vector-mediated delivery of microdystrophin transgenes, is currently being tested in clinical trials. The muscles of DMD boys present significant fibrotic and adipogenic tissue deposition at the time the treatment starts. The presence of fibrosis not only worsens the disease pathology, but also diminishes the efficacy of gene therapy treatments. To gain an understanding of the efficacy of AAV-based microdystrophin gene addition in a relevant, fibrotic animal model of DMD, we conducted a systemic study in juvenile D2.mdx mice using the single intravenous administration of an AAV8 system expressing a sequence-optimized murine microdystrophin, named MD1 (AAV8-MD1). We mainly focused our study on the diaphragm, a respiratory muscle that is crucial for DMD pathology and that has never been analyzed after treatment with AAV-microdystrophin in this mouse model. We provide strong evidence here that the delivery of AAV8-MD1 provides significant improvement in body-wide muscle function. This is associated with the protection of the hindlimb muscle from contraction-induced damage and the prevention of fibrosis deposition in the diaphragm muscle. Our work corroborates the observation that the administration of gene therapy in DMD is beneficial in preventing muscle fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktorija Cernisova
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Ngoc Lu-Nguyen
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Jessica Trundle
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Shan Herath
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Alberto Malerba
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
| | - Linda Popplewell
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and the Environment, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, Surrey TW20 0EX, UK
- National Horizons Centre, Teesside University, Darlington DL1 1HG, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hanson I, Pitman KE, Edin NFJ. The Role of TGF-β3 in Radiation Response. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087614. [PMID: 37108775 PMCID: PMC10141893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-beta 3 (TGF-β3) is a ubiquitously expressed multifunctional cytokine involved in a range of physiological and pathological conditions, including embryogenesis, cell cycle regulation, immunoregulation, and fibrogenesis. The cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation are employed in cancer radiotherapy, but its actions also influence cellular signaling pathways, including that of TGF-β3. Furthermore, the cell cycle regulating and anti-fibrotic effects of TGF-β3 have identified it as a potential mitigator of radiation- and chemotherapy-induced toxicity in healthy tissue. This review discusses the radiobiology of TGF-β3, its induction in tissue by ionizing radiation, and its potential radioprotective and anti-fibrotic effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingunn Hanson
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Nina F J Edin
- Department of Physics, University of Oslo, 0371 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gerovska D, Araúzo-Bravo MJ. Skeletal Muscles of Sedentary and Physically Active Aged People Have Distinctive Genic Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032736. [PMID: 36769072 PMCID: PMC9917053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To bring new extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) enrichment technologies closer to the clinic, specifically for screening, early diagnosis, and monitoring of diseases or lifestyle conditions, it is paramount to identify the differential pattern of the genic eccDNA signal between two states. Current studies using short-read sequenced purified eccDNA data are based on absolute numbers of unique eccDNAs per sample or per gene, length distributions, or standard methods for RNA-seq differential analysis. Previous analyses of RNA-seq data found significant transcriptomics difference between sedentary and active life style skeletal muscle (SkM) in young people but very few in old. The first attempt using circulomics data from SkM and blood of aged lifelong sedentary and physically active males found no difference at eccDNA level. To improve the capability of finding differences between circulomics data groups, we designed a computational method to identify Differentially Produced per Gene Circles (DPpGCs) from short-read sequenced purified eccDNA data based on the circular junction, split-read signal, of the eccDNA, and implemented it into a software tool DifCir in Matlab. We employed DifCir to find to the distinctive features of the influence of the physical activity or inactivity in the aged SkM that would have remained undetected by transcriptomics methods. We mapped the data from tissue from SkM and blood from two groups of aged lifelong sedentary and physically active males using Circle_finder and subsequent merging and filtering, to find the number and length distribution of the unique eccDNA. Next, we used DifCir to find up-DPpGCs in the SkM of the sedentary and active groups. We assessed the functional enrichment of the DPpGCs using Disease Gene Network and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. To find genes that produce eccDNA in a group without comparison with another group, we introduced a method to find Common PpGCs (CPpGCs) and used it to find CPpGCs in the SkM of the sedentary and active group. Finally, we found the eccDNA that carries whole genes. We discovered that the eccDNA in the SkM of the sedentary group is not statistically different from that of physically active aged men in terms of number and length distribution of eccDNA. In contrast, with DifCir we found distinctive gene-associated eccDNA fingerprints. We identified statistically significant up-DPpGCs in the two groups, with the top up-DPpGCs shed by the genes AGBL4, RNF213, DNAH7, MED13, and WWTR1 in the sedentary group, and ZBTB7C, TBCD, ITPR2, and DDX11-AS1 in the active group. The up-DPpGCs in both groups carry mostly gene fragments rather than whole genes. Though the subtle transcriptomics difference, we found RYR1 to be both transcriptionally up-regulated and up-DPpGCs gene in sedentary SkM. DifCir emphasizes the high sensitivity of the circulome compared to the transcriptome to detect the molecular fingerprints of exercise in aged SkM. It allows efficient identification of gene hotspots that excise more eccDNA in a health state or disease compared to a control condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gerovska
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Calle Doctor Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.J.A.-B.)
| | - Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Calle Doctor Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Calle María Díaz Harokoa 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.J.A.-B.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Werchau N, Kotter B, Criado-Moronati E, Gosselink A, Cordes N, Lock D, Lennartz S, Kolbe C, Winter N, Teppert K, Engert F, Webster B, Mittelstaet J, Schaefer D, Mallmann P, Mallmann MR, Ratiu D, Assenmacher M, Schaser T, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Abramowski P, Kaiser AD. Combined targeting of soluble latent TGF-ß and a solid tumor-associated antigen with adapter CAR T cells. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2140534. [PMID: 36387056 PMCID: PMC9662194 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2140534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors consist of malignant and nonmalignant cells that together create the local tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, the TME is characterized by the expression of numerous soluble factors such as TGF-β. TGF-β plays an important role in the TME by suppressing T cell effector function and promoting tumor invasiveness. Up to now CAR T cells exclusively target tumor-associated antigens (TAA) located on the cell membrane. Thus, strategies to exploit soluble antigens as CAR targets within the TME are needed. This study demonstrates a novel approach using Adapter CAR (AdCAR) T cells for the detection of soluble latent TGF-β within the TME of a pancreatic tumor model. We show that AdCARs in combination with the respective adapter can be used to sense soluble tumor-derived latent TGF-β, both in vitro and in vivo. Sensing of the soluble antigen induced cellular activation and effector cytokine production in AdCAR T cells. Moreover, we evaluated AdCAR T cells for the combined targeting of soluble latent TGF-β and tumor cell killing by targeting CD66c as TAA in vivo. In sum, our study broadens the spectrum of targetable moieties for AdCAR T cells by soluble latent TGF-β.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niels Werchau
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Bettina Kotter
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | | | | | - Nicole Cordes
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Dominik Lock
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Simon Lennartz
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Carolin Kolbe
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Nora Winter
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Karin Teppert
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Fabian Engert
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Brian Webster
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | | | | | - Peter Mallmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Cologne and Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael R. Mallmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Cologne and Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dominik Ratiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Cologne and Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Schaser
- Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- Department of Internal Medicine III and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang X, Chen J, Homma ST, Wang Y, Smith GR, Ruf-Zamojski F, Sealfon SC, Zhou L. Diverse effector and regulatory functions of fibro/adipogenic progenitors during skeletal muscle fibrosis in muscular dystrophy. iScience 2022; 26:105775. [PMID: 36594034 PMCID: PMC9804115 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a prominent pathological feature of skeletal muscle in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The commonly used disease mouse model, mdx 5cv , displays progressive fibrosis in the diaphragm but not limb muscles. We use single-cell RNA sequencing to determine the cellular expression of the genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) production and degradation in the mdx 5cv diaphragm and quadriceps. We find that fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are not only the primary source of ECM but also the predominant cells that express important ECM regulatory genes, including Ccn2, Ltbp4, Mmp2, Mmp14, Timp1, Timp2, and Loxs. The effector and regulatory functions are exerted by diverse FAP clusters which are different between diaphragm and quadriceps, indicating their activation by different tissue microenvironments. FAPs are more abundant in diaphragm than in quadriceps. Our findings suggest that the development of anti-fibrotic therapy for DMD should target not only the ECM production but also the pro-fibrogenic regulatory functions of FAPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jianming Chen
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Sachiko T. Homma
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Yinhang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Gregory R. Smith
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Frederique Ruf-Zamojski
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Stuart C. Sealfon
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1468 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Lan Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA,Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Cain SA, Woods S, Singh M, Kimber SJ, Baldock C. ADAMTS6 cleaves the large latent TGFβ complex and increases the mechanotension of cells to activate TGFβ. Matrix Biol 2022; 114:18-34. [PMID: 36368447 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The ADAMTS superfamily is composed of secreted metalloproteases and structurally related non-catalytic ADAMTS-like proteins. A subset of this superfamily, including ADAMTS6, ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2, are involved in elastic fiber assembly and bind to fibrillin and other matrix molecules that regulate the extracellular bioavailability of the potent growth factor TGFβ. Fibrillinopathies, that can also result from mutation of these ADAMTS/L proteins, have been linked to disrupted TGFβ homeostasis. ADAMTS6 and ADAMTS10 are homologous metalloproteases with poorly characterized substrates where ADAMTS10 is thought to process fibrillin-2 and ADAMTS6 latent TGFβ-binding protein (LTBP)-1. In order to understand the contribution of ADAMTS6, and these other members of the ADAMTS/L family, to TGFβ homeostasis, we have analyzed the effects of ADAMTS6, ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2 expression on TGFβ activation. We found that their expression increases TGFβ activation in a dose dependent manner, following stimulation with mature TGFβ1. For ADAMTS6, the catalytically active protease is required for effective TGFβ activation, where ADAMTS6 cleaves LTBP3 as well as LTBP1, and binds to the large latent TGFβ complexes of LTBP1 and LTBP3. Furthermore, ADAMTS6 expression increases the mechanotension of cells which results in inactivation of the Hippo Pathway, resulting in an increased translocation of YAP/TAZ complex to the nucleus. Together these findings suggest that when the balance of TGFβ is perturbed ADAMTS6 can influence TGFβ activation via two mechanisms. It directly cleaves the latent TGFβ complexes and also acts indirectly, along with ADAMTS10 and ADAMTSL2, by altering the mechanotension of cells. Together this increases activation of TGFβ from large latent complexes which may contribute to disease pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart A Cain
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.
| | - Steven Woods
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mukti Singh
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Susan J Kimber
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Clair Baldock
- Wellcome Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Nouara F, Amalou G, Bouzidi A, Charif M, Charoute H, Lenaers G, El Arabi S, Bousfiha B, Barakat A. First characterization of LTBP3 variants in two Moroccan families with hypoplastic amelogenesis imperfecta. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 142:105518. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
12
|
Wu S, Xu Y, Zhang J, Ran X, Jia X, Wang J, Sun L, Yang H, Li Y, Fu B, Huang C, Liao P, Sun W. Longitudinal Serum Proteome Characterization of COVID-19 Patients With Different Severities Revealed Potential Therapeutic Strategies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893943. [PMID: 35958562 PMCID: PMC9361788 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is exerting huge pressure on global healthcare. Understanding of the molecular pathophysiological alterations in COVID-19 patients with different severities during disease is important for effective treatment. In this study, we performed proteomic profiling of 181 serum samples collected at multiple time points from 79 COVID-19 patients with different severity levels (asymptomatic, mild, moderate, and severe/critical) and 27 serum samples from non-COVID-19 control individuals. Dysregulation of immune response and metabolic reprogramming was found in severe/critical COVID-19 patients compared with non-severe/critical patients, whereas asymptomatic patients presented an effective immune response compared with symptomatic COVID-19 patients. Interestingly, the moderate COVID-19 patients were mainly grouped into two distinct clusters using hierarchical cluster analysis, which demonstrates the molecular pathophysiological heterogeneity in COVID-19 patients. Analysis of protein-level alterations during disease progression revealed that proteins involved in complement activation, the coagulation cascade and cholesterol metabolism were restored at the convalescence stage, but the levels of some proteins, such as anti-angiogenesis protein PLGLB1, would not recovered. The higher serum level of PLGLB1 in COVID-19 patients than in control groups was further confirmed by parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). These findings expand our understanding of the pathogenesis and progression of COVID-19 and provide insight into the discovery of potential therapeutic targets and serum biomarkers worth further validation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Songfeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoju Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Southwest University Public Health Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Longqin Sun
- Beijing Qinglian Biotech Co., Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yulei Li
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
| | - Changwu Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing Fifth People’s Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Pu Liao, ; Changwu Huang,
| | - Pu Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Pu Liao, ; Changwu Huang,
| | - Wei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Lifeomics, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Pu Liao, ; Changwu Huang,
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Peng D, Fu M, Wang M, Wei Y, Wei X. Targeting TGF-β signal transduction for fibrosis and cancer therapy. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:104. [PMID: 35461253 PMCID: PMC9033932 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01569-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 143.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) has long been identified with its intensive involvement in early embryonic development and organogenesis, immune supervision, tissue repair, and adult homeostasis. The role of TGF-β in fibrosis and cancer is complex and sometimes even contradictory, exhibiting either inhibitory or promoting effects depending on the stage of the disease. Under pathological conditions, overexpressed TGF-β causes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, cancer-associated fibroblast (CAF) formation, which leads to fibrotic disease, and cancer. Given the critical role of TGF-β and its downstream molecules in the progression of fibrosis and cancers, therapeutics targeting TGF-β signaling appears to be a promising strategy. However, due to potential systemic cytotoxicity, the development of TGF-β therapeutics has lagged. In this review, we summarized the biological process of TGF-β, with its dual role in fibrosis and tumorigenesis, and the clinical application of TGF-β-targeting therapies.
Collapse
|
14
|
Into the Tissues: Extracellular Matrix and Its Artificial Substitutes: Cell Signalling Mechanisms. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050914. [PMID: 35269536 PMCID: PMC8909573 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The existence of orderly structures, such as tissues and organs is made possible by cell adhesion, i.e., the process by which cells attach to neighbouring cells and a supporting substance in the form of the extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a three-dimensional structure composed of collagens, elastin, and various proteoglycans and glycoproteins. It is a storehouse for multiple signalling factors. Cells are informed of their correct connection to the matrix via receptors. Tissue disruption often prevents the natural reconstitution of the matrix. The use of appropriate implants is then required. This review is a compilation of crucial information on the structural and functional features of the extracellular matrix and the complex mechanisms of cell–cell connectivity. The possibilities of regenerating damaged tissues using an artificial matrix substitute are described, detailing the host response to the implant. An important issue is the surface properties of such an implant and the possibilities of their modification.
Collapse
|
15
|
Esposito P, Picciotto D, Battaglia Y, Costigliolo F, Viazzi F, Verzola D. Myostatin: Basic biology to clinical application. Adv Clin Chem 2022; 106:181-234. [PMID: 35152972 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. It is expressed by animal and human skeletal muscle cells where it limits muscle growth and promotes protein breakdown. Its effects are influenced by complex mechanisms including transcriptional and epigenetic regulation and modulation by extracellular binding proteins. Due to its actions in promoting muscle atrophy and cachexia, myostatin has been investigated as a promising therapeutic target to counteract muscle mass loss in experimental models and patients affected by different muscle-wasting conditions. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that myostatin, beyond to regulate skeletal muscle growth, may have a role in many physiologic and pathologic processes, such as obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. In this chapter, we review myostatin biology, including intracellular and extracellular regulatory pathways, and the role of myostatin in modulating physiologic processes, such as muscle growth and aging. Moreover, we discuss the most relevant experimental and clinical evidence supporting the extra-muscle effects of myostatin. Finally, we consider the main strategies developed and tested to inhibit myostatin in clinical trials and discuss the limits and future perspectives of the research on myostatin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pasquale Esposito
- Clinica Nefrologica, Dialisi, Trapianto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy.
| | - Daniela Picciotto
- Clinica Nefrologica, Dialisi, Trapianto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Yuri Battaglia
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, St. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesca Costigliolo
- Clinica Nefrologica, Dialisi, Trapianto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Viazzi
- Clinica Nefrologica, Dialisi, Trapianto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela Verzola
- Clinica Nefrologica, Dialisi, Trapianto, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Rifkin D, Sachan N, Singh K, Sauber E, Tellides G, Ramirez F. The role of LTBPs in TGF beta signaling. Dev Dyn 2022; 251:95-104. [PMID: 33742701 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to discuss the transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) binding proteins (LTBP) with respect to their participation in the activity of TGFB. We first describe pertinent aspects of the biology and cell function of the LTBPs. We then summarize the physiological consequences of LTBP loss in humans and mice. Finally, we consider a number of outstanding questions relating to LTBP function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Nalani Sachan
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Karan Singh
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Elyse Sauber
- Department of Cell Biology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - George Tellides
- Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Francesco Ramirez
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Rodriguez J, Reilly M, Mecham RP, Bassnett S. Biological Preparation and Mechanical Technique for Determining Viscoelastic Properties of Zonular Fibers. J Vis Exp 2021:10.3791/63171. [PMID: 34978291 PMCID: PMC9331697 DOI: 10.3791/63171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Elasticity is essential to the function of tissues such as blood vessels, muscles, and lungs. This property is derived mostly from the extracellular matrix (ECM), the protein meshwork that binds cells and tissues together. How the elastic properties of an ECM network relate to its composition, and whether the relaxation properties of the ECM play a physiological role, are questions that have yet to be fully addressed. Part of the challenge lies in the complex architecture of most ECM systems and the difficulty in isolating ECM components without compromising their structure. One exception is the zonule, an ECM system found in the eye of vertebrates. The zonule comprises fibers hundreds to thousands of micrometers in length that span the cell-free space between the lens and the eyewall. In this report, we describe a mechanical technique that takes advantage of the highly organized structure of the zonule to quantify its viscoelastic properties and to determine the contribution of individual protein components. The method involves dissection of a fixed eye to expose the lens and the zonule and employs a pull-up technique that stretches the zonular fibers equally while their tension is monitored. The technique is relatively inexpensive yet sensitive enough to detect alterations in viscoelastic properties of zonular fibers in mice lacking specific zonular proteins or with aging. Although the method presented here is designed primarily for studying ocular development and disease, it could also serve as an experimental model for exploring broader questions regarding the viscoelastic properties of elastic ECM's and the role of external factors such as ionic concentration, temperature, and interactions with signaling molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rodriguez
- Department of Basic Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy; Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine;
| | - Matthew Reilly
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University
| | - Robert P Mecham
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| | - Steven Bassnett
- Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine; Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Su CT, Jao TM, Urban Z, Huang YJ, See DHW, Tsai YC, Lin WC, Huang JW. LTBP4 affects renal fibrosis by influencing angiogenesis and altering mitochondrial structure. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:943. [PMID: 34645813 PMCID: PMC8514500 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) signalling regulates extracellular matrix accumulation known to be essential for the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis; latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein 4 (LTBP4) is an important regulator of TGFβ activity. To date, the regulation of LTBP4 in renal fibrosis remains unknown. Herein, we report that LTBP4 is upregulated in patients with chronic kidney disease and fibrotic mice kidneys created by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO). Mice lacking the short LTBP4 isoform (Ltbp4S-/-) exhibited aggravated tubular interstitial fibrosis (TIF) after UUO, indicating that LTBP4 potentially protects against TIF. Transcriptomic analysis of human proximal tubule cells overexpressing LTBP4 revealed that LTBP4 influences angiogenic pathways; moreover, these cells preserved better mitochondrial respiratory functions and expressed higher vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) compared to wild-type cells under hypoxia. Results of the tube formation assay revealed that additional LTBP4 in human umbilical vein endothelial cell supernatant stimulates angiogenesis with upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs). In vivo, aberrant angiogenesis, abnormal mitochondrial morphology and enhanced oxidative stress were observed in Ltbp4S-/- mice after UUO. These results reveal novel molecular functions of LTBP4 stimulating angiogenesis and potentially impacting mitochondrial structure and function. Collectively, our findings indicate that LTBP4 protects against disease progression and may be of therapeutic use in renal fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Su
- Renal Division, Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Centre Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ming Jao
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan
| | - Zsolt Urban
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yue-Jhu Huang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Daniel H W See
- Renal Division, Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Yao-Chou Tsai
- Renal Division, Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chou Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jenq-Wen Huang
- Renal Division, Department of Internal medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Demonbreun AR, Fallon KS, Oosterbaan CC, Vaught LA, Reiser NL, Bogdanovic E, Velez MP, Salamone IM, Page PGT, Hadhazy M, Quattrocelli M, Barefield DY, Wood LD, Gonzalez JP, Morris C, McNally EM. Anti-latent TGFβ binding protein 4 antibody improves muscle function and reduces muscle fibrosis in muscular dystrophy. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabf0376. [PMID: 34516828 PMCID: PMC9559620 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf0376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy, like other muscular dystrophies, is a progressive disorder hallmarked by muscle degeneration, inflammation, and fibrosis. Latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) binding protein 4 (LTBP4) is an extracellular matrix protein found in muscle. LTBP4 sequesters and inhibits a precursor form of TGFβ. LTBP4 was originally identified from a genome-wide search for genetic modifiers of muscular dystrophy in mice, where there are two different alleles. The protective form of LTBP4, which contains an insertion of 12 amino acids in the protein’s hinge region, was linked to increased sequestration of latent TGFβ, enhanced muscle membrane stability, and reduced muscle fibrosis. The deleterious form of LTBP4 protein, lacking 12 amino acids, was more susceptible to proteolysis and promoted release of latent TGF-β, and together, these data underscored the functional role of LTBP4’s hinge. Here, we generated a monoclonal human anti-LTBP4 antibody directed toward LTBP4’s hinge region. In vitro, anti-LTBP4 bound LTBP4 protein and reduced LTBP4 proteolytic cleavage. In isolated myofibers, the LTBP4 antibody stabilized the sarcolemma from injury. In vivo, anti-LTBP4 treatment of dystrophic mice protected muscle against force loss induced by eccentric contraction. Anti-LTBP4 treatment also reduced muscle fibrosis and enhanced muscle force production, including in the diaphragm muscle, where respiratory function was improved. Moreover, the anti-LTBP4 in combination with prednisone, a standard of care for Duchenne muscular dystrophy, further enhanced muscle function and protected against injury in mdx mice. These data demonstrate the potential of anti-LTBP4 antibodies to treat muscular dystrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis R Demonbreun
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Katherine S Fallon
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Claire C Oosterbaan
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Lauren A Vaught
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Nina L Reiser
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Elena Bogdanovic
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Matthew P Velez
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Isabella M Salamone
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Patrick G T Page
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michele Hadhazy
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Mattia Quattrocelli
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - David Y Barefield
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | | | | | | | - Elizabeth M McNally
- Center for Genetic Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sabbadini F, Bertolini M, De Matteis S, Mangiameli D, Contarelli S, Pietrobono S, Melisi D. The Multifaceted Role of TGF-β in Gastrointestinal Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163960. [PMID: 34439114 PMCID: PMC8391793 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The transforming growth factor β signaling pathway elicits a broad range of physiological re-sponses, and its misregulation has been related to cancer. The secreted cytokine TGFβ exerts a tumor-suppressive effect that counteracts malignant transformation. However, once tumor has developed, TGFβ can support tumor progression regulating epithelial to mesenchymal transition, invasion and metastasis, stimulating fibrosis, angiogenesis and immune suppression. Here we review the dichotomous role of TGF-β in the progression of gastrointestinal tumors, as well as its intricate crosstalk with other signaling pathways. We also discuss about the therapeutic strate-gies that are currently explored in clinical trials to counteract TGF-β functions. Abstract Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a secreted cytokine that signals via serine/threonine kinase receptors and SMAD effectors. Although TGF-β acts as a tumor suppressor during the early stages of tumorigenesis, it supports tumor progression in advanced stages. Indeed, TGF-β can modulate the tumor microenvironment by modifying the extracellular matrix and by sustaining a paracrine interaction between neighboring cells. Due to its critical role in cancer development and progression, a wide range of molecules targeting the TGF-β signaling pathway are currently under active clinical development in different diseases. Here, we focused on the role of TGF-β in modulating different pathological processes with a particular emphasis on gastrointestinal tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Sabbadini
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Monica Bertolini
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Serena De Matteis
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, AlmaMater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Mangiameli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Serena Contarelli
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Silvia Pietrobono
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
| | - Davide Melisi
- Digestive Molecular Clinical Oncology Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (F.S.); (M.B.); (S.D.M.); (D.M.); (S.C.); (S.P.)
- Experimental Cancer Medicine Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Su CT, Urban Z. LTBP4 in Health and Disease. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060795. [PMID: 34071145 PMCID: PMC8224675 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent transforming growth factor β (TGFβ)-binding protein (LTBP) 4, a member of the LTBP family, shows structural homology with fibrillins. Both these protein types are characterized by calcium-binding epidermal growth factor-like repeats interspersed with 8-cysteine domains. Based on its domain composition and distribution, LTBP4 is thought to adopt an extended structure, facilitating the linear deposition of tropoelastin onto microfibrils. In humans, mutations in LTBP4 result in autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 1C, characterized by redundant skin, pulmonary emphysema, and valvular heart disease. LTBP4 is an essential regulator of TGFβ signaling and is related to development, immunity, injury repair, and diseases, playing a central role in regulating inflammation, fibrosis, and cancer progression. In this review, we focus on medical disorders or diseases that may be manipulated by LTBP4 in order to enhance the understanding of this protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ting Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Renal Division, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Douliu 640, Taiwan;
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Department of Medicine, National Taiwan University Cancer Center Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Zsolt Urban
- Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-412-648-8269
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Q, Qin Z, Yi S, Wei H, Zhou XZ, Su J. Two novel compound heterozygous variants of LTBP4 in a Chinese infant with cutis laxa type IC and a review of the related literature. BMC Med Genomics 2020; 13:183. [PMID: 33302946 PMCID: PMC7727130 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-020-00842-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive cutis laxa type IC (ARCL IC, MIM: #613177) results from a mutation in the LTBP4 gene (MIM: #604710) on chromosome 19q13. CASE PRESENTATION A 28-day-old Chinese infant with generalized cutis laxa accompanied by impaired pulmonary, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, retinal hemorrhage, abnormality of coagulation and hyperbilirubinemia was admitted to our hospital. To find out the possible causes of these symptoms, whole-exome sequencing was performed on the infant. Two novel pathogenic frame-shift variants [c.605_606delGT (p.Ser204fs * 8) and c.1719delC (p.Arg574fs * 199)] of the LTBP4 gene associated with ARCL IC were found which was later verified by Sanger sequencing. The pathogenicity of mutations was subsequently assessed by several software programs and databases. In addition, an analytical review on the clinical phenotypes of the disease previously reported in literature was performed. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report of a Chinese infant with ARCL IC in China due to novel pathogenic variations of LTBP4. Our study extends the cutis laxa type IC mutation spectrum as well as the phenotypes associated with the disease in different populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China.
| | - Zailong Qin
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Shang Yi
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Hao Wei
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Xun Zhao Zhou
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China
| | - Jiasun Su
- Laboratory of Genetic and Metabolism, Department of Paediatric Endocrine and Metabolism, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi, Nanning, 530000, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mondal P, Meeran SM. Long non-coding RNAs in breast cancer metastasis. Noncoding RNA Res 2020; 5:208-218. [PMID: 33294746 PMCID: PMC7689374 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women. Recurrence of primary tumor and metastasis to distant body parts are major causes of breast cancer-associated mortality. The 5-year survival rate for women with metastatic breast cancer is only 25-30%. Breast cancer metastasis is a series of processes involved with EMT, invasion, loss of cell to cell adhesion, alteration in cell phenotype, extravasation, microenvironment of the tumor, and colonization to the secondary sites. Epigenetic modification is involved in the transformation of the distant stromal cell into a secondary tumor. LncRNAs, are one the key epigenetic modifiers, are the largest endogenous non-coding RNAs with approximate base-pair lengths from 200 nt to 100 kb. LncRNA plays a crucial role in breast cancer metastasis by sponging miRNA, by degrading or silencing specific mRNA, or else by targeting the enzymes and microprocessor subunits involved in the biogenesis of miRNA. LncRNA also alters the expression of several genes involved in breast cancer metastasis and modulating different cell signaling pathways. The goal of this review is to provide a better understanding of the role of lncRNA in the regulation of breast cancer metastasis. We also summarized some of the key lncRNAs that regulate the genes and signaling pathways involved in breast cancer invasion and metastasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Priya Mondal
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Syed Musthapa Meeran
- Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Kaur R, Siddiqui I, Mathur V, Jana M, Kabra M, Gupta N. Bi-allelic loss-of-function novel variants in LTBP3-related skeletal dysplasia: Report of first patient from India. Am J Med Genet A 2020; 182:1944-1946. [PMID: 32432408 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.61629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Dental anomalies and short stature (DASS) has been recently identified as a distinct entity, associated with bi-allelic hypomorphic variants in LTBP3 gene. Only 20 individuals from nine families have been previously reported, with a consistent phenotype of short stature, brachyolmia, and amelogenesis imperfecta. We report the first case from India, with novel radiographic and molecular findings in LTBP3 gene, thereby expanding the phenotypic spectrum of DASS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravneet Kaur
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ishrat Siddiqui
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Mathur
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Jana
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Madhulika Kabra
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Neerja Gupta
- Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shihan MH, Kanwar M, Wang Y, Jackson EE, Faranda AP, Duncan MK. Fibronectin has multifunctional roles in posterior capsular opacification (PCO). Matrix Biol 2020; 90:79-108. [PMID: 32173580 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrotic posterior capsular opacification (PCO), one of the major complications of cataract surgery, occurs when lens epithelial cells (LCs) left behind post cataract surgery (PCS) undergo epithelial to mesenchymal transition, migrate into the optical axis and produce opaque scar tissue. LCs left behind PCS robustly produce fibronectin, although its roles in fibrotic PCO are not known. In order to determine the function of fibronectin in PCO pathogenesis, we created mice lacking the fibronectin gene (FN conditional knock out -FNcKO) from the lens. While animals from this line have normal lenses, upon lens fiber cell removal which models cataract surgery, FNcKO LCs exhibit a greatly attenuated fibrotic response from 3 days PCS onward as assessed by a reduction in surgery-induced cell proliferation, and fibrotic extracellular matrix (ECM) production and deposition. This is correlated with less upregulation of Transforming Growth Factor β (TGFβ) and integrin signaling in FNcKO LCs PCS concomitant with sustained Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling and elevation of the epithelial cell marker E cadherin. Although the initial fibrotic response of FNcKO LCs was qualitatively normal at 48 h PCS as measured by the upregulation of fibrotic marker protein αSMA, RNA sequencing revealed that the fibrotic response was already quantitatively attenuated at this time, as measured by the upregulation of mRNAs encoding molecules that control, and are controlled by, TGFβ signaling, including many known markers of fibrosis. Most notably, gremlin-1, a known regulator of TGFβ superfamily signaling, was upregulated sharply in WT LCs PCS, while this response was attenuated in FNcKO LCs. As exogenous administration of either active TGFβ1 or gremlin-1 to FNcKO lens capsular bags rescued the attenuated fibrotic response of fibronectin null LCs PCS including the loss of SMAD2/3 phosphorylation, this suggests that fibronectin plays multifunctional roles in fibrotic PCO development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahbubul H Shihan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Mallika Kanwar
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Erin E Jackson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Adam P Faranda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
| | - Melinda K Duncan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Isobe J, Maeda S, Obata Y, Iizuka K, Nakamura Y, Fujimura Y, Kimizuka T, Hattori K, Kim YG, Morita T, Kimura I, Offermanns S, Adachi T, Nakao A, Kiyono H, Takahashi D, Hase K. Commensal-bacteria-derived butyrate promotes the T-cell-independent IgA response in the colon. Int Immunol 2019; 32:243-258. [DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxz078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA), the most abundant antibody isotype in the body, maintains a mutual relationship with commensal bacteria and acts as a primary barrier at the mucosal surface. Colonization by commensal bacteria induces an IgA response, at least partly through a T-cell-independent process. However, the mechanism underlying the commensal-bacteria-induced T-cell-independent IgA response has yet to be fully clarified. Here, we show that commensal-bacteria-derived butyrate promotes T-cell-independent IgA class switching recombination (CSR) in the mouse colon. Notably, the butyrate concentration in human stools correlated positively with the amount of IgA. Butyrate up-regulated the production of transforming growth factor β1 and all-trans retinoic acid by CD103+CD11b+ dendritic cells, both of which are critical for T-cell-independent IgA CSR. This effect was mediated by G-protein-coupled receptor 41 (GPR41/FFA3) and GPR109a/HCA2, and the inhibition of histone deacetylase. The butyrate-induced IgA response reinforced the colonic barrier function, preventing systemic bacterial dissemination under inflammatory conditions. These observations demonstrate that commensal-bacteria-derived butyrate contributes to the maintenance of the gut immune homeostasis by facilitating the T-cell-independent IgA response in the colon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junya Isobe
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shintarou Maeda
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuuki Obata
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keito Iizuka
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Nakamura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yumiko Fujimura
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kimizuka
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kouya Hattori
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Morita
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kimura
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stefan Offermanns
- Department of Pharmacology, Max-Plank-Institute for Heart and lung Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Takahiro Adachi
- Department of Immunology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakao
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyono
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
- International Research and Development Center for Mucosal Vaccines, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo (IMSUT), Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Lecarpentier Y, Schussler O, Hébert JL, Vallée A. Multiple Targets of the Canonical WNT/β-Catenin Signaling in Cancers. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1248. [PMID: 31803621 PMCID: PMC6876670 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling is involved in most of the mechanisms that lead to the formation and development of cancer cells. It plays a central role in three cyclic processes, which are the cell division cycle, the immune cycle, and circadian rhythms. When the canonical WNT pathway is upregulated as in cancers, the increase in β-catenin in the nucleus leads to activation of the expression of numerous genes, in particular CYCLIN D1 and cMYC, where the former influences the G1 phase of the cell division cycle, and the latter, the S phase. Every stage of the immune cycle is disrupted by the canonical WNT signaling. In numerous cancers, the dysfunction of the canonical WNT pathway is accompanied by alterations of the circadian genes (CLOCK, BMAL1, PER). Induction of these cyclic phenomena leads to the genesis of thermodynamic mechanisms that operate far from equilibrium, and that have been called “dissipative structures.” Moreover, upregulation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin signaling is important in the myofibroblasts of the cancer stroma. Their differentiation is controlled by the canonical WNT /TGF-β1 signaling. Myofibroblasts present ultraslow contractile properties due to the presence of the non-muscle myosin IIA. Myofibroblats also play a role in the inflammatory processes, often found in cancers and fibrosis processes. Finally, upregulated canonical WNT deviates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation toward the Warburg glycolysis metabolism, which is characteristic of cancers. Among all these cancer-generating mechanisms, the upregulated canonical WNT pathway would appear to offer the best hope as a therapeutic target, particularly in the field of immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yves Lecarpentier
- Centre de Recherche Clinique, Grand Hôpital de l'Est Francilien, Meaux, France
| | - Olivier Schussler
- Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Louis Hébert
- Institut de Cardiologie, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpétrière, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Vallée
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Prevention Unit, Diagnosis and Therapeutic Center, Hôtel-Dieu Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.,DACTIM-MIS, LMA, UMR CNRS 7348, CHU de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Hu X, Zhong Y, Kong Y, Chen Y, Feng J, Zheng J. Lineage-specific exosomes promote the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) through TGFβ1/smads signaling pathway via transfer of microRNAs. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:170. [PMID: 31196201 PMCID: PMC6567518 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1278-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exosomes derived from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be used as biomimetic tools to induce odontogenic differentiation of stem cells, but the regulatory mechanisms and functions of exosome-encapsulated microRNAs are still unknown. The present study aimed to clarify the role of microRNAs contained in the exosomes derived from human DPSCs and their potential signaling cascade in odontogenic differentiation. Methods Exosomes were isolated from human DPSCs cultured undergrowth and odontogenic differentiation conditions, named UN-Exo and OD-Exo, respectively. The microRNA sequencing was performed to explore the microRNA profile contained in UN-Exo and OD-Exo. Pathway analysis was taken to detect enriched pathways associated with the predicted target genes of microRNAs. The regulatory roles of a highly expressed microRNA in OD-Exo were investigated through its inhibition or overexpression (miRNA inhibitors and miRNA mimics). Automated western blot was used to identify the function of exosomal microRNA and the roles of TGFβ1/smads pathway in odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs. A luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the direct target gene of exosomal miR-27a-5p. Results Endocytosis of OD-Exo triggered odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs by upregulating DSP, DMP-1, ALP, and RUNX2 proteins. MicroRNA sequencing showed that 28 microRNAs significantly changed in OD-Exo, of which 7 increased and 21 decreased. Pathway analysis showed genes targeted by differentially expressed microRNAs were involved in multiple signal transductions, including TGFβ pathway. 16 genes targeted by 15 differentially expressed microRNAs were involved in TGFβ signaling. Consistently, automated western blot found that OD-Exo activated TGFβ1 pathway by upregulating TGFβ1, TGFR1, p-Smad2/3, and Smad4 in DPSCs. Accordingly, once the TGFβ1 signaling pathway was inhibited by SB525334, protein levels of p-Smad2/3, DSP, and DMP-1 were significantly decreased in DPSCs treated with OD-Exo. MiR-27a-5p was expressed 11 times higher in OD-Exo, while miR-27a-5p promoted odontogenic differentiation of DPSCs and significantly upregulated TGFβ1, TGFR1, p-Smad2/3, and Smad4 by downregulating the inhibitory molecule LTBP1. Conclusions The microRNA expression profiles of exosomes derived from DPSCs were identified. OD-Exo isolated under odontogenic conditions were better inducers of DPSC differentiation. Exosomal microRNAs promoted odontogenic differentiation via TGFβ1/smads signaling pathway by downregulating LTBP1. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-019-1278-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Hu
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yingqun Zhong
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Junming Feng
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianmao Zheng
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510055, Guangdong, China. .,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hubmacher D, Taye N, Balic Z, Thacker S, Adams SM, Birk DE, Schweitzer R, Apte SS. Limb- and tendon-specific Adamtsl2 deletion identifies a role for ADAMTSL2 in tendon growth in a mouse model for geleophysic dysplasia. Matrix Biol 2019; 82:38-53. [PMID: 30738849 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Geleophysic dysplasia is a rare, frequently lethal condition characterized by severe short stature with progressive joint contractures, cardiac, pulmonary, and skin anomalies. Geleophysic dysplasia results from dominant fibrillin-1 (FBN1) or recessive ADAMTSL2 mutations, suggesting a functional link between ADAMTSL2 and fibrillin microfibrils. Mice lacking ADAMTSL2 die at birth, which has precluded analysis of postnatal limb development and mechanisms underlying the skeletal anomalies of geleophysic dysplasia. Here, detailed expression analysis of Adamtsl2 using an intragenic lacZ reporter shows strong Adamtsl2 expression in limb tendons. Expression in developing and growing bones is present in regions that are destined to become articular cartilage but is absent in growth plate cartilage. Consistent with strong tendon expression, Adamtsl2 conditional deletion in limb mesenchyme using Prx1-Cre led to tendon anomalies, albeit with normal collagen fibrils, and distal limb shortening, providing a mouse model for geleophysic dysplasia. Unexpectedly, conditional Adamtsl2 deletion using Scx-Cre, a tendon-specific Cre-deleter strain, which does not delete in cartilage, also impaired skeletal growth. Recombinant ADAMTSL2 is shown here to colocalize with fibrillin microfibrils in vitro, and enhanced staining of fibrillin-1 microfibrils was observed in Prx1-Cre Adamtsl2 tendons. The findings show that ADAMTSL2 specifically regulates microfibril assembly in tendons and that proper microfibril composition in tendons is necessary for tendon growth. We speculate that reduced bone growth in geleophysic dysplasia may result from external tethering by short tendons rather than intrinsic growth plate anomalies. Taken together with previous work, we suggest that GD results from abnormal microfibril assembly in tissues, and that ADAMTSL2 may limit the assembly of fibrillin microfibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Hubmacher
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Nandaraj Taye
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Zerina Balic
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.
| | - Stetson Thacker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44120, USA.
| | - Sheila M Adams
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - David E Birk
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | - Ronen Schweitzer
- Research Division, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, OR 97209, USA.
| | - Suneel S Apte
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, OH 44120, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Sticchi E, De Cario R, Magi A, Giglio S, Provenzano A, Nistri S, Pepe G, Giusti B. Bicuspid Aortic Valve: Role of Multiple Gene Variants in Influencing the Clinical Phenotype. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:8386123. [PMID: 30255099 PMCID: PMC6145047 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8386123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background. Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a common congenital heart defect with increased prevalence of aortic dilatation and dissection. BAV has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with reduced penetrance and variable expressivity. BAV has been described as an isolated trait or associated with other clinical manifestations in syndromic conditions. Identification of a syndromic condition in a BAV patient is clinically relevant in order to personalize indication to aortic surgery. We aimed to point out how genetic diagnosis by next-generation sequencing (NGS) can improve management of a patient with complex BAV clinical picture. Methods and Results. We describe a 45-year-old Caucasian male with BAV, thoracic aortic root and ascending aorta dilatation, and connective features evocative but inconclusive for clinical diagnosis of Marfan syndrome (MFS). Targeted (91 genes) NGS was used. Proband genetic variants were investigated in first-degree relatives. Proband carried 5 rare variants in 4 genes: FBN1(p.Asn542Ser and p.Lys2460Arg), NOTCH1(p.Val1739Met), LTBP1(p.Arg1330Gln), and TGFBR3(p.Arg423Trp). The two FBN1 variants were inherited in cis by the mother, showing systemic features evocative of MFS, but with a milder phenotype than that observed in the proband. Careful clinical observation along with the presence of the FBN1 variants allowed diagnosis of MFS in the proband and in his mother. NOTCH1 variant was found in mother and brother, not exhibiting BAV, thus not definitely supporting/excluding association with BAV. Interestingly, the proband, his brother and father, all showing root dilatation, and his sister, with upper range aortic root dimension, were carriers of a TGFBR3 variant. LTBP1 might also modulate the vascular phenotype. Conclusions. Our results underline the usefulness of NGS together with family evaluation in diagnosis of patients with monogenic traits and overlapping clinical manifestations due to contribution of the same genes and/or presence of comorbidities determined by different genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Sticchi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional Referral Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Rosina De Cario
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Alberto Magi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Sabrina Giglio
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
- Medical Genetic Unit, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Aldesia Provenzano
- Department of Biomedical Experimental and Clinical Sciences 'Mario Serio', University of Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Nistri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
- Cardiology Service, CMSR Veneto Medica, Altavilla Vicentina, Italy
| | - Guglielmina Pepe
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional Referral Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Betti Giusti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Section of Critical Medical Care and Medical Specialities, University of Florence, Italy
- Marfan Syndrome and Related Disorders Regional Referral Center, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
- Excellence Centre for Research, Transfer and High Education for the Development of De Novo Therapies (DENOTHE), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Morkmued S, Hemmerle J, Mathieu E, Laugel-Haushalter V, Dabovic B, Rifkin DB, Dollé P, Niederreither K, Bloch-Zupan A. Enamel and dental anomalies in latent-transforming growth factor beta-binding protein 3 mutant mice. Eur J Oral Sci 2018; 125:8-17. [PMID: 28084688 PMCID: PMC5260799 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Latent‐transforming growth factor beta‐binding protein 3 (LTBP‐3) is important for craniofacial morphogenesis and hard tissue mineralization, as it is essential for activation of transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β). To investigate the role of LTBP‐3 in tooth formation we performed micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), histology, and scanning electron microscopy analyses of adult Ltbp3‐/‐ mice. The Ltbp3‐/‐ mutants presented with unique craniofacial malformations and reductions in enamel formation that began at the matrix formation stage. Organization of maturation‐stage ameloblasts was severely disrupted. The lateral side of the incisor was affected most. Reduced enamel mineralization, modification of the enamel prism pattern, and enamel nodules were observed throughout the incisors, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Molar roots had internal irregular bulbous‐like formations. The cementum thickness was reduced, and microscopic dentinal tubules showed minor nanostructural changes. Thus, LTBP‐3 is required for ameloblast differentiation and for the formation of decussating enamel prisms, to prevent enamel nodule formation, and for proper root morphogenesis. Also, and consistent with the role of TGF‐β signaling during mineralization, almost all craniofacial bone components were affected in Ltbp3‐/‐ mice, especially those involving the upper jaw and snout. This mouse model demonstrates phenotypic overlap with Verloes Bourguignon syndrome, also caused by mutation of LTBP3, which is hallmarked by craniofacial anomalies and amelogenesis imperfecta phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supawich Morkmued
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Faculty of Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Joseph Hemmerle
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR1121 Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Eric Mathieu
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Inserm UMR1121 Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Laugel-Haushalter
- CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Branka Dabovic
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Daniel B Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pascal Dollé
- CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Karen Niederreither
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France
| | - Agnès Bloch-Zupan
- Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,CNRS UMR_7104, INSERM U964, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Centre Européen de Recherche en Biologie et en Médecine (CERBM), Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaires, Centre de Référence des Manifestations Odontologiques des Maladies Rares, O Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamawaki S, Naitoh M, Kubota H, Aya R, Katayama Y, Ishiko T, Tamura T, Yoshikawa K, Enoshiri T, Ikeda M, Suzuki S. HtrA1 Is Specifically Up-Regulated in Active Keloid Lesions and Stimulates Keloid Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1275. [PMID: 29695130 PMCID: PMC5983720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Keloids occur after failure of the wound healing process; inflammation persists, and various treatments are ineffective. Keloid pathogenesis is still unclear. We have previously analysed the gene expression profiles in keloid tissue and found that HtrA1 was markedly up-regulated in the keloid lesions. HtrA1 is a serine protease suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and osteoarthritis, by modulating extracellular matrix or cell surface proteins. We analysed HtrA1 localization and its role in keloid pathogenesis. Thirty keloid patients and twelve unrelated patients were enrolled for in situ hybridization, immunohistochemical, western blot, and cell proliferation analyses. Fibroblast-like cells expressed more HtrA1 in active keloid lesions than in surrounding lesions. The proportion of HtrA1-positive cells in keloids was significantly higher than that in normal skin, and HtrA1 protein was up-regulated relative to normal skin. Silencing HtrA1 gene expression significantly suppressed cell proliferation. HtrA1 was highly expressed in keloid tissues, and the suppression of the HtrA1 gene inhibited the proliferation of keloid-derived fibroblasts. HtrA1 may promote keloid development by accelerating cell proliferation and remodelling keloid-specific extracellular matrix or cell surface molecules. HtrA1 is suggested to have an important role in keloid pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Yamawaki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Fukui Hospital, 2-4-1, Tsukimi, Fukui-City, Fukui 918-8501, Japan.
| | - Motoko Naitoh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Kubota
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Rino Aya
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Katayama
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Toshihiro Ishiko
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Japanese Red Cross Otsu Hospital, 1-1-35, Nagara, Otsu City, Shiga 520-8511, Japan.
| | - Taku Tamura
- Department of Life Science, Faculty of Engineering Science, Akita University, 1-1 Tegata Gakuenmachi, Akita 010-8502, Japan.
| | - Katsuhiro Yoshikawa
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shiga Medical Center for Adults, 5-4-30, Moriyama, Moriyama City, Shiga 524-8524, Japan.
| | - Tatsuki Enoshiri
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| | - Mika Ikeda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1, Minatojima minami-machi, Cyuou-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Shigehiko Suzuki
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Nüchel J, Ghatak S, Zuk AV, Illerhaus A, Mörgelin M, Schönborn K, Blumbach K, Wickström SA, Krieg T, Sengle G, Plomann M, Eckes B. TGFB1 is secreted through an unconventional pathway dependent on the autophagic machinery and cytoskeletal regulators. Autophagy 2018; 14:465-486. [PMID: 29297744 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2017.1422850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
TGFB1 (transforming growth factor beta 1) is a potent cytokine playing a driving role in development, fibrosis and cancer. It is synthesized as prodomain-growth factor complex that requires tethering to LTBP (latent transforming growth factor beta binding protein) for efficient secretion into the extracellular space. Upon release, this large latent complex is sequestered by anchorage to extracellular matrix (ECM) networks, from which the mature growth factor needs to be activated in order to reach its receptors and initiate signaling. Here, we uncovered a novel intracellular secretion pathway by which the latent TGFB1 complex reaches the plasma membrane and is released from fibroblasts, the key effector cells during tissue repair, fibrosis and in the tumor stroma. We show that secretion of latent TGFB1, but not of other selected cytokines or of bulk cargo, is regulated by fibroblast-ECM communication through ILK (integrin linked kinase) that restricts RHOA activity by interacting with ARHGAP26/GRAF1. Latent TGFB1 interacts with GORASP2/GRASP55 and is detected inside MAP1LC3-positive autophagosomal intermediates that are secreted by a RAB8A-dependent pathway. Interestingly, TGFB1 secretion is fully abrogated in human and murine fibroblasts and macrophages that lack key components of the autophagic machinery. Our data demonstrate an unconventional secretion mode of TGFB1 adding another level of control of its bioavailability and activity in order to effectively orchestrate cellular programs prone to dysregulation as seen in fibrosis and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julian Nüchel
- a Center for Biochemistry , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Sushmita Ghatak
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Alexandra V Zuk
- a Center for Biochemistry , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Anja Illerhaus
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Matthias Mörgelin
- c Department of Infection Medicine , Biomedical Center, University of Lund , Lund , Sweden
| | - Katrin Schönborn
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Katrin Blumbach
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Sara A Wickström
- d Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing , Cologne , Germany.,e Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) , Cologne , Germany
| | - Thomas Krieg
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,e Cologne Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD) , Cologne , Germany.,f Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- a Center for Biochemistry , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany.,f Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Markus Plomann
- a Center for Biochemistry , University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- b Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Klingberg F, Chau G, Walraven M, Boo S, Koehler A, Chow ML, Olsen AL, Im M, Lodyga M, Wells RG, White ES, Hinz B. The fibronectin ED-A domain enhances recruitment of latent TGF-β-binding protein-1 to the fibroblast matrix. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs201293. [PMID: 29361522 PMCID: PMC5897715 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.201293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated secretion and extracellular activation of TGF-β1 stimulates myofibroblasts to accumulate disordered and stiff extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to fibrosis. Fibronectin immobilizes latent TGF-β-binding protein-1 (LTBP-1) and thus stores TGF-β1 in the ECM. Because the ED-A fibronectin splice variant is prominently expressed during fibrosis and supports myofibroblast activation, we investigated whether ED-A promotes LTBP-1-fibronectin interactions. Using stiffness-tuneable substrates for human dermal fibroblast cultures, we showed that high ECM stiffness promotes expression and colocalization of LTBP-1 and ED-A-containing fibronectin. When rescuing fibronectin-depleted fibroblasts with specific fibronectin splice variants, LTBP-1 bound more efficiently to ED-A-containing fibronectin than to ED-B-containing fibronectin and fibronectin lacking splice domains. Function blocking of the ED-A domain using antibodies and competitive peptides resulted in reduced LTBP-1 binding to ED-A-containing fibronectin, reduced LTBP-1 incorporation into the fibroblast ECM and reduced TGF-β1 activation. Similar results were obtained by blocking the heparin-binding stretch FNIII12-13-14 (HepII), adjacent to the ED-A domain in fibronectin. Collectively, our results suggest that the ED-A domain enhances association of the latent TGF-β1 by promoting weak direct binding to LTBP-1 and by enhancing heparin-mediated protein interactions through HepII in fibronectin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franco Klingberg
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Grace Chau
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Marielle Walraven
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Stellar Boo
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Anne Koehler
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Melissa L Chow
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Abby L Olsen
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., BRB, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michelle Im
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Monika Lodyga
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| | - Rebecca G Wells
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Blvd., BRB, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Eric S White
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan, 1500 E. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Boris Hinz
- Laboratory of Tissue Repair and Regeneration, Matrix Dynamics Group, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 150 College St., FG234, ON M5S3E2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Schulz JN, Plomann M, Sengle G, Gullberg D, Krieg T, Eckes B. New developments on skin fibrosis - Essential signals emanating from the extracellular matrix for the control of myofibroblasts. Matrix Biol 2018; 68-69:522-532. [PMID: 29408278 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many different diseases are associated with fibrosis of the skin. The clinical symptoms can vary considerably with a broad range from isolated small areas to the involvement of the entire integument. Fibrosis is triggered by a multitude of different stimuli leading to activation of the immune and vascular system that then initiate fibroblast activation and formation of matrix depositing and remodeling myofibroblasts. Ultimately, myofibroblasts deposit excessive amounts of extracellular matrix with a pathological architecture and alterations in growth factor binding and biomechanical properties, which culminates in skin hardening and loss of mobility. Treatment depends certainly on the specific type and cause of the disease, for the autoimmune driven localized and systemic scleroderma therapeutic options are still limited, but recent research has pointed out diverse molecular targets and mechanisms that can be exploited for the development of novel antifibrotic therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Plomann
- Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerhard Sengle
- Center for Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Donald Gullberg
- Department of Biomedicine, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers (CCBIO), University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas Krieg
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany; Cluster of Excellence in Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Beate Eckes
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Translational Matrix Biology, University of Cologne, Medical Faculty, Cologne, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Han L, Tang MM, Xu X, Jiang B, Huang J, Feng X, Qiang J. LTBP2 is a prognostic marker in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2018; 7:45052-45059. [PMID: 27281608 PMCID: PMC5216705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Latent transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta binding protein 2 (LTBP2) belongs to the fibrillin/LTBP extracellular matrix glycoprotein superfamily. It plays vital roles in tumorigenesis through regulating TGFβ activity, elastogenesis and maintenance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure. In this study, we determined the expression levels of LTBP2 mRNA and protein in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tissues and adjacent normal tissues by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and tissue microarray immunohistochemistry analysis (TMA-IHC) respectively. LTBP2 protein levels in cancer tissues were correlated with HNSCC patients' clinical characteristics and overall survival. Both LTBP2 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in HNSCC tissues than in adjacent normal tissues. High LTBP2 protein level was associated with lymph node metastasis and higher pTNM stages. High LTBP2 protein level is an independent prognostic marker in HNSCC. Our data suggest that LTBP2 acts as an oncogene in HNSCC development and progression. Detection of LTBP2 expression could be a useful prognosis marker and targeting LTBP2 may represent a novel strategy for cancer treatment through regulating activities of TGFβ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Han
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ming Ming Tang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinjiang Xu
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Jiang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong Tumor Hospital, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfei Huang
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingmei Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jianfeng Qiang
- Department of Graduate, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Quiñones-Pérez B, VanNoy GE, Towne MC, Shen Y, Singh MN, Agrawal PB, Smith SE. Three-generation family with novel contiguous gene deletion on chromosome 2p22 associated with thoracic aortic aneurysm syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2018; 176:560-569. [DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.38590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Quiñones-Pérez
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- Division of General Pediatrics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Grace E. VanNoy
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Meghan C. Towne
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Yiping Shen
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Michael N. Singh
- Department of Cardiology; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Pankaj B. Agrawal
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
- Division of Newborn Medicine; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| | - Sharon E. Smith
- Division of Genetics and Genomics; Boston Children's Hospital; Boston Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fujita M, Matsubara N, Matsuda I, Maejima K, Oosawa A, Yamano T, Fujimoto A, Furuta M, Nakano K, Oku-Sasaki A, Tanaka H, Shiraishi Y, Mateos RN, Nakai K, Miyano S, Tomita N, Hirota S, Ikeuchi H, Nakagawa H. Genomic landscape of colitis-associated cancer indicates the impact of chronic inflammation and its stratification by mutations in the Wnt signaling. Oncotarget 2018; 9:969-981. [PMID: 29416670 PMCID: PMC5787528 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of colorectal cancer, known as colitis-associated cancer (CAC). It is still unclear what driver mutations are caused by chronic inflammation and lead to CAC development. To get insight into this issue, we investigated somatic alterations in CAC. We performed exome sequencing of 22 fresh CACs and targeted sequencing of 43 genes on 90 archive specimens from Japanese CAC patients, of which 58 were ulcerative colitis (UC) and 32 were Crohn's disease (CD). Consistently with the previous reports, TP53 was commonly mutated (66%) whereas APC, KRAS and SMAD4 were mutated less frequently (16%, 11% and 11%, respectively). Mucinous CD-CACs in the anus, an Asian-specific subtype of CD-CAC, had less somatic mutations in our target genes. We also found that RNF43, a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling, was somatically mutated in a significant fraction of CACs (10 of 90; 11%). Two lines of evidence indicated that somatic mutations of RNF43 were related to chronic inflammation. First, somatic mutations of RNF43 were significantly associated with longer duration of IBD. Second, clinico-pathological features suggested many of the APC-mutated CACs were actually sporadic colorectal cancer whereas RNF43-mutated CACs did not have this tendency. RNA-Seq analysis showed that RNF43-mutated CACs had elevated expression of c-Myc and its target genes, suggesting that RNF43 is a bona fide driver of CAC development. This study provides evidence that somatic mutation of RNF43 is the driver genetic alteration that links chronic inflammation and cancer development in about 10% of CACs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Fujita
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nagahide Matsubara
- Division of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Ikuo Matsuda
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Maejima
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayako Oosawa
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoki Yamano
- Division of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujimoto
- Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Mayuko Furuta
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaoru Nakano
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Oku-Sasaki
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Tanaka
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shiraishi
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Raúl Nicolás Mateos
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Analysis in silico, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakai
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan
- Laboratory of Functional Analysis in silico, Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoru Miyano
- Laboratory of DNA Information Analysis, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naohiro Tomita
- Division of Lower Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ikeuchi
- Department of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Japan
| | - Hidewaki Nakagawa
- Laboratory for Genome Sequencing Analysis, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Di Stefano A, Sangiorgi C, Gnemmi I, Casolari P, Brun P, Ricciardolo FLM, Contoli M, Papi A, Maniscalco P, Ruggeri P, Girbino G, Cappello F, Pavlides S, Guo Y, Chung KF, Barnes PJ, Adcock IM, Balbi B, Caramori G. TGF-β Signaling Pathways in Different Compartments of the Lower Airways of Patients With Stable COPD. Chest 2017; 153:851-862. [PMID: 29289685 PMCID: PMC5883327 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 11/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The expression and localization of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) pathway proteins in different compartments of the lower airways of patients with stable COPD is unclear. We aimed to determine TGF-β pathway protein expression in patients with stable COPD. METHODS The expression and localization of TGF-β pathway components was measured in the bronchial mucosa and peripheral lungs of patients with stable COPD (n = 44), control smokers with normal lung function (n = 24), and control nonsmoking subjects (n = 11) using immunohistochemical analysis. RESULTS TGF-β1, TGF-β3, and connective tissue growth factor expression were significantly decreased in the bronchiolar epithelium, with TGF-β1 also decreased in alveolar macrophages, in patients with stable COPD compared with control smokers with normal lung function. TGF-β3 expression was increased in the bronchial lamina propria of both control smokers with normal lung function and smokers with mild/moderate stable COPD compared with control nonsmokers and correlated significantly with pack-years of smoking. However, TGF-β3+ cells decreased in patients with severe/very severe COPD compared with control smokers. Latent TGF-β binding protein 1 expression was increased in the bronchial lamina propria in subjects with stable COPD of all severities compared with control smokers with normal lung function. Bone morphogenetic protein and activin membrane-bound inhibitor expression (BAMBI) in the bronchial mucosa was significantly increased in patients with stable COPD of all severities compared with control subjects. No other significant differences were observed between groups for all the other molecules studied in the bronchial mucosa and peripheral lung. CONCLUSIONS Expression of TGF-βs and their regulatory proteins is distinct within different lower airway compartments in stable COPD. Selective reduction in TGF-β1 and enhanced BAMBI expression may be associated with the increase in autoimmunity in COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Di Stefano
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno (NO), Italy.
| | - Claudia Sangiorgi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - Isabella Gnemmi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-Correlate (CEMICEF), Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Brun
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Università di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio L M Ricciardolo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, AOU, Ospedale San Luigi, Orbassano, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-Correlate (CEMICEF), Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-Correlate (CEMICEF), Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pio Maniscalco
- Modulo di Chirurgia Toracica, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria S. Anna, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruggeri
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Girbino
- Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Sperimentale e Neuroscienze Cliniche, Sezione di Anatomia Umana, Università di Palermo, and Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), Palermo, Italy
| | - Stelios Pavlides
- Department of Computing and Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, England
| | - Yike Guo
- Department of Computing and Data Science Institute, Imperial College London, England
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, England
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, England
| | - Ian M Adcock
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, England; Priority Research Centre for Lung Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia
| | - Bruno Balbi
- Divisione di Pneumologia e Laboratorio di Citoimmunopatologia dell'Apparato Cardio Respiratorio, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, SpA, Società Benefit, IRCCS, Veruno (NO), Italy
| | - Gaetano Caramori
- Centro Interdipartimentale per lo Studio delle Malattie Infiammatorie delle Vie Aeree e Patologie Fumo-Correlate (CEMICEF), Sezione di Medicina Interna e Cardiorespiratoria, Università di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy; Unità Operativa Complessa di Pneumologia, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Odontoiatriche e delle Immagini Morfologiche e Funzionali (BIOMORF), Università di Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
LTBPs in biology and medicine: LTBP diseases. Matrix Biol 2017; 71-72:90-99. [PMID: 29217273 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The latent transforming growth factor (TGF) β binding proteins (LTBP) are crucial mediators of TGFβ function, as they control growth factor secretion, matrix deposition, presentation and activation. Deficiencies in specific LTBP isoforms yield discrete phenotypes representing defects in bone, lung and cardiovascular development mediated by loss of TGFβ signaling. Additional phenotypes represent loss of unique TGFβ-independent features of LTBP effects on elastogenesis and microfibril assembly. Thus, the LTBPs act as sensors for the regulation of both growth factor activity and matrix function.
Collapse
|
41
|
MacFarlane EG, Haupt J, Dietz HC, Shore EM. TGF-β Family Signaling in Connective Tissue and Skeletal Diseases. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2017; 9:cshperspect.a022269. [PMID: 28246187 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a022269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family of signaling molecules, which includes TGF-βs, activins, inhibins, and numerous bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and growth and differentiation factors (GDFs), has important functions in all cells and tissues, including soft connective tissues and the skeleton. Specific TGF-β family members play different roles in these tissues, and their activities are often balanced with those of other TGF-β family members and by interactions with other signaling pathways. Perturbations in TGF-β family pathways are associated with numerous human diseases with prominent involvement of the skeletal and cardiovascular systems. This review focuses on the role of this family of signaling molecules in the pathologies of connective tissues that manifest in rare genetic syndromes (e.g., syndromic presentations of thoracic aortic aneurysm), as well as in more common disorders (e.g., osteoarthritis and osteoporosis). Many of these diseases are caused by or result in pathological alterations of the complex relationship between the TGF-β family of signaling mediators and the extracellular matrix in connective tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Gallo MacFarlane
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205
| | - Julia Haupt
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.,Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 21205
| | - Eileen M Shore
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.,Center for Research in FOP and Related Disorders, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104.,Department of Genetics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Zazzeroni L, Lanzoni G, Pasquinelli G, Ricordi C. Considerations on the harvesting site and donor derivation for mesenchymal stem cells-based strategies for diabetes. CELLR4-- REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, REGENERATION, & REPROGRAMMING 2017; 5:e2435. [PMID: 30505879 PMCID: PMC6267851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) possess important characteristics that could be exploited in therapeutic strategies for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) and for certain complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). MSCs can inhibit autoimmune, alloimmune and inflammatory processes. Moreover, they can promote the function of endogenous and transplanted pancreatic islets. Furthermore, they can stimulate angiogenesis. MSC functions are largely mediated by their secretome, which includes growth factors, exosomes, and other extracellular vesicles. MSCs have shown a good safety profile in clinical trials. MSC-derived exosomes are emerging as an alternative to the transplantation of live MSCs. MSCs harvested from different anatomical locations (e.g. bone marrow, umbilical cord, placenta, adipose tissue, and pancreas) have shown differences in gene expression profiles and function. Data from clinical trials suggest that umbilical cord-derived MSCs could be superior to bone marrow-derived MSCs for the treatment of T1D. Autologous MSCs from diabetic patients may present abnormal functions. BM-MSCs from T1D patients exhibit gene expression differences that may impact in vivo function. BM-MSCs from T2D patients seem to be significantly impaired due to the T2D diabetic milieu. In this review, we highlight how the harvesting site and donor derivation can affect the efficacy of MSC-based treatments for T1D and T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Zazzeroni
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - G Lanzoni
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| | - G Pasquinelli
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - C Ricordi
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kielty CM. Fell-Muir Lecture: Fibrillin microfibrils: structural tensometers of elastic tissues? Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:172-190. [PMID: 28905442 PMCID: PMC5639267 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrillin microfibrils are indispensable structural elements of connective tissues in multicellular organisms from early metazoans to humans. They have an extensible periodic beaded organization, and support dynamic tissues such as ciliary zonules that suspend the lens. In tissues that express elastin, including blood vessels, skin and lungs, microfibrils support elastin deposition and shape the functional architecture of elastic fibres. The vital contribution of microfibrils to tissue form and function is underscored by the heritable fibrillinopathies, especially Marfan syndrome with severe elastic, ocular and skeletal tissue defects. Research since the early 1990s has advanced our knowledge of biology of microfibrils, yet understanding of their mechanical and homeostatic contributions to tissues remains far from complete. This review is a personal reflection on key insights, and puts forward the conceptual hypothesis that microfibrils are structural 'tensometers' that direct cells to monitor and respond to altered tissue mechanics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cay M Kielty
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Low doses of cholera toxin and its mediator cAMP induce CTLA-2 secretion by dendritic cells to enhance regulatory T cell conversion. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178114. [PMID: 28759565 PMCID: PMC5536293 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Immature or semi-mature dendritic cells (DCs) represent tolerogenic maturation stages that can convert naive T cells into Foxp3+ induced regulatory T cells (iTreg). Here we found that murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) treated with cholera toxin (CT) matured by up-regulating MHC-II and costimulatory molecules using either high or low doses of CT (CThi, CTlo) or with cAMP, a known mediator CT signals. However, all three conditions also induced mRNA of both isoforms of the tolerogenic molecule cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 2 (CTLA-2α and CTLA-2β). Only DCs matured under CThi conditions secreted IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-23 leading to the instruction of Th17 cell polarization. In contrast, CTlo- or cAMP-DCs resembled semi-mature DCs and enhanced TGF-β-dependent Foxp3+ iTreg conversion. iTreg conversion could be reduced using siRNA blocking of CTLA-2 and reversely, addition of recombinant CTLA-2α increased iTreg conversion in vitro. Injection of CTlo- or cAMP-DCs exerted MOG peptide-specific protective effects in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by inducing Foxp3+ Tregs and reducing Th17 responses. Together, we identified CTLA-2 production by DCs as a novel tolerogenic mediator of TGF-β-mediated iTreg induction in vitro and in vivo. The CT-induced and cAMP-mediated up-regulation of CTLA-2 also may point to a novel immune evasion mechanism of Vibrio cholerae.
Collapse
|
45
|
Lu J, Liu Q, Wang L, Tu W, Chu H, Ding W, Jiang S, Ma Y, Shi X, Pu W, Zhou X, Jin L, Wang J, Wu W. Increased expression of latent TGF-β-binding protein 4 affects the fibrotic process in scleroderma by TGF-β/SMAD signaling. J Transl Med 2017; 97:591-601. [PMID: 28263294 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2017.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Scleroderma is a fibrosis-related disorder characterized by cutaneous and internal organ fibrosis, and excessive collagen deposition in extracellular matrix (ECM) is a major cause of fibrosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling has a central role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis by inducing abnormal collagen accumulation in ECM, and latent TGF-β-binding protein 4 (LTBP-4) affects the secretion of latent TGF-β to ECM. A previous study indicated that bleomycin (BLM) treatment increased LTBP-4 expression in lung fibroblasts of Thy-1 knockout mice with lung fibrosis, and LTBP-4 further promoted TGF-β bioavailability as well as SMAD3 phosphorylation. However, the expression and function of LTBP-4 in human scleroderma remain unclear. We aimed to investigate the potential role of LTBP-4 in scleroderma through clinical, in vivo and in vitro studies. LTBP-4 and TGF-β expressions were significantly upregulated in systemic scleroderma (SSc) patients' plasma compared with normal controls (LTBP-4, 1,215±100.2 vs 542.8±41.7 ng/ml, P<0.0001; TGF-β, 1.5±0.2 vs 0.7±0.1 ng/ml, P=0.0031), while no significant difference was found between localized scleroderma (LSc) and normal controls. The plasma concentrations of LTBP-4 and TGF-β were even higher in SSc patients with lung fibrosis (LTBP-4, 1462± 137.3 vs 892.8±113.4 ng/ml, P=0.0037; TGF-β, 2.0±0.4 vs 0.9±0.2 ng/ml, P=0.0212) and esophagus involvement (1390±134.4 vs 940.7±127.0 ng/ml, P=0.0269; TGF-β, 1.9±0.3 vs 0.9±0.2 ng/ml, P=0.0426). The area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve of LTBP-4 was 0.86. Immunohistochemistry measurement also demonstrated a higher LTBP-4 expression in sclerotic skin tissue of LSc and SSc compared with normal controls. More positive fibroblasts were also found in BLM-induced scleroderma mouse model than the saline-treated group. In in vitro studies, knockdown of LTBP-4 in SSc skin fibroblasts prominently reduced downstream COL1A1, COL1A2, and COL3A1 mRNA level by 84%, 82%, and 43%, respectively, and other fibrosis-related genes' expression were also decreased. Furthermore, extracellular TGF-β level and the SMAD2/3 phosphorylation were inhibited through LTBP-4 knockdown treatment, suggesting that the knockdown of LTBP-4 reduced the collagen expression through TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. Taken together, these data suggest that LTBP-4 affects fibrotic process in scleroderma, and the high expression of LTBP-4 in SSc plasma may serve as a clinical biomarker in diagnosing this disease. In addition, this study also lays the theoretical foundation for targeting LTBP-4 as treatment of scleroderma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Division of Rheumatology, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenzhen Tu
- Division of Rheumatology, Shanghai TCM-integrated Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuai Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangguang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Weilin Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhou
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Li Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiucun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Fujikawa Y, Yoshida H, Inoue T, Ohbayashi T, Noda K, von Melchner H, Iwasaka T, Shiojima I, Akama TO, Nakamura T. Latent TGF-β binding protein 2 and 4 have essential overlapping functions in microfibril development. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43714. [PMID: 28252045 PMCID: PMC5333096 DOI: 10.1038/srep43714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Microfibrils are exracellular matrix components necessary for elastic fiber assembly and for suspending lenses. We previously reported that latent TGF-β binding protein 2 (LTBP-2), a microfibril-associated protein, is required for forming stable microfibril bundles in ciliary zonules. However, it was not understood why Ltbp2 null mice only showed an eye-specific phenotype, whereas LTBP-2 is abundantly expressed in other tissues containing microfibrils in wild type mice. Here, we show that LTBP-4, another microfibril-associated protein, compensates for the loss of LTBP-2 in microfibril formation. Ltbp2/4S double knockout (DKO) mice showed increased lethality due to emphysema, which was much more severe than that found in Ltbp4S null mice. Elastic fibers in the lungs of Ltbp2/4S DKO mice were severely disorganized and fragmented. Cultured mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Ltbp2/4S DKO embryos developed reduced microfibril meshwork in serum-free conditions, whereas the microfibril formation was restored by the addition of either recombinant LTBP-2 or -4. Finally, ectopic expression of LTBP-4 in the whole body restored ciliary zonule microfibril bundles in the eyes of Ltbp2 null mice. These data suggest that LTBP-2 and -4 have critical overlapping functions in forming the robust structure of microfibrils in vitro and in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Fujikawa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Cardiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 753-1010, Japan
| | - Tadashi Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan.,Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Ohbayashi
- Division of Laboratory Animal Science, Research Center for Bioscience and Technology, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Kazuo Noda
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Harald von Melchner
- Department of Molecular Hematology, University of Frankfurt Medical School, Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Germany
| | - Toshiji Iwasaka
- Department of Cardiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Ichiro Shiojima
- Department of Cardiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tomoya O Akama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Nakamura
- Department of Pharmacology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, 573-1010, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Fibulin-6 regulates pro-fibrotic TGF-β responses in neonatal mouse ventricular cardiac fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42725. [PMID: 28209981 PMCID: PMC5314373 DOI: 10.1038/srep42725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibulin-6, an essential component of extracellular matrix determines the architecture of cellular junctions in tissues undergoing strain. Increased expression and deposition of fibulin-6 facilitates fibroblast migration in response to TGF-β, following myocardial infarction in mouse heart. The underlying mechanism still remains elusive. In conjunction with our previous study, we have now demonstrated that in fibulin-6 knockdown (KD) fibroblasts, not only TGF-β dependent migration, but also stress fiber formation, cellular networking and subsequently fibroblast wound contraction is almost abrogated. SMAD dependent TGF-β pathway shows ~75% decreased translocation of R-SMAD and co-SMAD into the nucleus upon fibulin-6 KD. Consequently, SMAD dependent pro-fibrotic gene expression is considerably down regulated to basal levels both in mRNA and protein. Also, investigating the non-SMAD pathways we observed a constitutive increase in pERK-levels in fibulin-6 KD fibroblast compared to control, but no change was seen in pAKT. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed 60% reduced interaction of TGF-β receptor II and I (TGFRII and I) accompanied by diminished phosphorylation of TGFRI at serin165 in fibulin-6 KD cells. In conclusion, fibulin-6 plays an important role in regulating TGF-β mediated responses, by modulating TGF-β receptor dimerization and activation to further trigger downstream pathways.
Collapse
|
48
|
Dietzel E, Weiskirchen S, Floehr J, Horiguchi M, Todorovic V, Rifkin DB, Jahnen-Dechent W, Weiskirchen R. Latent TGF-β binding protein-1 deficiency decreases female fertility. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:1387-1392. [PMID: 27956181 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The four latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) binding proteins LTBP1-4 are extracellular matrix-associated proteins playing a critical role in the activation of TGF-β. The LTBP1 gene forms two major transcript variants (i.e. Ltbp1S and Ltbp1L) that are derived from different promoters. We have previously shown the importance of LTBP1 in vivo by using three different Ltbp1 null mice that were either deleted for exons 1 and 2 (Ltbp1L knockout), exon 5 (Ltbp1ΔEx5), or exon 8 (Ltbp1ΔEx8). While the Ltbp1L knockout and the Ltbp1ΔEx8 are perinatal lethal and die of cardiovascular abnormalities, the Ltbp1ΔEx5 is viable because it expresses a short form of Ltbp1L that lacks 55 amino acids (Δ55 variant of Ltbp1) formed by splicing out exon 5, while lacking the Ltbp1S variant. Since only the Ltbp1ΔEx5 mouse is viable, we have used this model to address aspects of puberty, fertility, age-dependent reproduction, and ovary function. We report for the first time a function of LTBP1 in female reproduction. The Ltbp1ΔEx5 females showed impaired fertility associated with delayed sexual maturity (p = 0.0074) and ovarian cyst formation in females older than 40 weeks (p = 0.0204).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Dietzel
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Sabine Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Julia Floehr
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Masahito Horiguchi
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Vesna Todorovic
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Daniel B Rifkin
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Medicine, New York University Langone School of Medicine, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Willi Jahnen-Dechent
- Helmholtz-Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Biointerface Laboratory, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Medical Faculty, 52074 Aachen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Woodby B, Scott M, Bodily J. The Interaction Between Human Papillomaviruses and the Stromal Microenvironment. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 144:169-238. [PMID: 27865458 PMCID: PMC5727914 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are small, double-stranded DNA viruses that replicate in stratified squamous epithelia and cause a variety of malignancies. Current efforts in HPV biology are focused on understanding the virus-host interactions that enable HPV to persist for years or decades in the tissue. The importance of interactions between tumor cells and the stromal microenvironment has become increasingly apparent in recent years, but how stromal interactions impact the normal, benign life cycle of HPVs, or progression of lesions to cancer is less understood. Furthermore, how productively replicating HPV impacts cells in the stromal environment is also unclear. Here we bring together some of the relevant literature on keratinocyte-stromal interactions and their impacts on HPV biology, focusing on stromal fibroblasts, immune cells, and endothelial cells. We discuss how HPV oncogenes in infected cells manipulate other cells in their environment, and, conversely, how neighboring cells may impact the efficiency or course of HPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Woodby
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - M Scott
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - J Bodily
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Ribot J, Caliaperoumal G, Paquet J, Boisson-Vidal C, Petite H, Anagnostou F. Type 2 diabetes alters mesenchymal stem cell secretome composition and angiogenic properties. J Cell Mol Med 2016; 21:349-363. [PMID: 27641937 PMCID: PMC5264143 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed at characterizing the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMMSC) secretome and angiogenic properties. BMMSCs from Zucker diabetic fatty rats (ZDF) (a T2DM model) and Zucker LEAN littermates (control) were cultured. The supernatant conditioned media (CM) from BMMSCs of diabetic and control rats were collected and analysed. Compared to results obtained using CM from LEAN‐BMMSCs, the bioactive content of ZDF‐BMMSC CM (i) differently affects endothelial cell (HUVEC) functions in vitro by inducing increased (3.5‐fold; P < 0.01) formation of tubule‐like structures and migration of these cells (3‐fold; P < 0.001), as well as promotes improved vascular formation in vivo, and (ii) contains different levels of angiogenic factors (e.g. IGF1) and mediators, such as OSTP, CATD, FMOD LTBP1 and LTBP2, which are involved in angiogenesis and/or extracellular matrix composition. Addition of neutralizing antibodies against IGF‐1, LTBP1 or LTBP2 in the CM of BMMSCs from diabetic rats decreased its stimulatory effect on HUVEC migration by approximately 60%, 40% or 40%, respectively. These results demonstrate that BMMSCs from T2DM rats have a unique secretome with distinct angiogenic properties and provide new insights into the role of BMMSCs in aberrant angiogenesis in the diabetic milieu.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ribot
- Laboratory of Bioingénierie et Biomécanique Ostéo-articulaires-UMR CNRS 7052 Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Guavri Caliaperoumal
- Laboratory of Bioingénierie et Biomécanique Ostéo-articulaires-UMR CNRS 7052 Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Paquet
- Laboratory of Bioingénierie et Biomécanique Ostéo-articulaires-UMR CNRS 7052 Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | | | - Herve Petite
- Laboratory of Bioingénierie et Biomécanique Ostéo-articulaires-UMR CNRS 7052 Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| | - Fani Anagnostou
- Laboratory of Bioingénierie et Biomécanique Ostéo-articulaires-UMR CNRS 7052 Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France.,Department of Periodontology, Service of Odontology, Pitié Salpêtrière Hospital et Hôtel-Dieu Hospital AP-HP, U.F.R. of Odontology Paris 7-Denis Diderot University, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|