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Li J, Zhao T, Sun Y. Interleukin-17A in diabetic retinopathy: The crosstalk of inflammation and angiogenesis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116311. [PMID: 38788958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe ocular complication of diabetes which can leads to irreversible vision loss in its late-stage. Chronic inflammation results from long-term hyperglycemia contributes to the pathogenesis and progression of DR. In recent years, the interleukin-17 (IL-17) family have attracted the interest of researchers. IL-17A is the most widely explored cytokine in IL-17 family, involved in various acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Growing body of evidence indicate the role of IL-17A in the pathogenesis of DR. However, the pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic effect of IL-17A in DR have not hitherto been reviewed. Gaining an understanding of the pro-inflammatory role of IL-17A, and how IL-17A control/impact angiogenesis pathways in the eye will deepen our understanding of how IL-17A contributes to DR pathogenesis. Herein, we aimed to thoroughly review the pro-inflammatory role of IL-17A in DR, with focus in how IL-17A impact inflammation and angiogenesis crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiani Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tantai Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yun Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Clinical Research Center of Ophthalmic Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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2
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Huan MJ, Fu PP, Chen X, Wang ZX, Ma ZR, Cai SZ, Jiang Q, Wang Q. Identification of the central role of RNA polymerase mitochondrial for angiogenesis. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:343. [PMID: 38907279 PMCID: PMC11191269 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are central to endothelial cell activation and angiogenesis, with the RNA polymerase mitochondrial (POLRMT) serving as a key protein in regulating mitochondrial transcription and oxidative phosphorylation. In our study, we examined the impact of POLRMT on angiogenesis and found that its silencing or knockout (KO) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and other endothelial cells resulted in robust anti-angiogenic effects, impeding cell proliferation, migration, and capillary tube formation. Depletion of POLRMT led to impaired mitochondrial function, characterized by mitochondrial depolarization, oxidative stress, lipid oxidation, DNA damage, and reduced ATP production, along with significant apoptosis activation. Conversely, overexpressing POLRMT promoted angiogenic activity in the endothelial cells. In vivo experiments demonstrated that endothelial knockdown of POLRMT, by intravitreous injection of endothelial specific POLRMT shRNA adeno-associated virus, inhibited retinal angiogenesis. In addition, inhibiting POLRMT with a first-in-class inhibitor IMT1 exerted significant anti-angiogenic impact in vitro and in vivo. Significantly elevated expression of POLRMT was observed in the retinal tissues of streptozotocin-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR) mice. POLRMT endothelial knockdown inhibited pathological retinal angiogenesis and mitigated retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in DR mice. At last, POLRMT expression exhibited a substantial increase in the retinal proliferative membrane tissues of human DR patients. These findings collectively establish the indispensable role of POLRMT in angiogenesis, both in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jia Huan
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Ping-Ping Fu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China
| | - Zhao-Xia Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Fengcheng Hospital of Fengxian Distric, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou-Rui Ma
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shi-Zhong Cai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Healthcare, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of Congenital Structural Malformations of Suzhou City, Suzhou, China.
| | - Qin Jiang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Children's hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215025, China.
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3
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Guo Z. The role of glucagon-like peptide-1/GLP-1R and autophagy in diabetic cardiovascular disease. Pharmacol Rep 2024:10.1007/s43440-024-00609-1. [PMID: 38890260 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00609-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes leads to a significantly accelerated incidence of various related macrovascular complications, including peripheral vascular disease and cardiovascular disease (the most common cause of mortality in diabetes), as well as microvascular complications such as kidney disease and retinopathy. Endothelial dysfunction is the main pathogenic event of diabetes-related vascular disease at the earliest stage of vascular injury. Understanding the molecular processes involved in the development of diabetes and its debilitating vascular complications might bring up more effective and specific clinical therapies. Long-acting glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 analogs are currently available in treating diabetes with widely established safety and extensively evaluated efficacy. In recent years, autophagy, as a critical lysosome-dependent self-degradative process to maintain homeostasis, has been shown to be involved in the vascular endothelium damage in diabetes. In this review, the GLP-1/GLP-1R system implicated in diabetic endothelial dysfunction and related autophagy mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications are briefly presented. This review also highlights a possible crosstalk between autophagy and the GLP-1/GLP-1R axis in the treatment of diabetic angiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi Guo
- Section of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
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4
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Qin T, Lv Y, Xi X, Wu Z. PLK-3-mediated phosphorylation of BAP1 prevents diabetic retinopathy. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116374. [PMID: 38906226 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus, and its main clinical manifestation is retinal vascular dysfunction. DR causes blindness and is a problem with significant global health implications. However, treating DR is still challenging. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of polo-like kinase-3 (PLK-3) and the potential regulatory mechanism in DR. Sprague-Dawley rats were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg) to induce a rat model of DR, and rat retinal microvascular endothelial cells (RRMECs) were treated with high glucose (HG, 25 mmol/L glucose) to develop a cell model of DR. We found that PLK-3 was significantly downregulated in the retinal tissues of STZ-induced diabetic rats and HG-induced RRMECs. Lentivirus-mediated PLK-3 overexpression alleviated the histological damages in DR rats. After HG stimulation, cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis in RRMECs were inhibited after PLK-3 upregulation. By using label-free proteomics, we identified 82 differentially expressed proteins downstream of PLK-3, including BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1), which was significantly upregulated in PLK-3-overexpressed RRMECs compared to control cells under the HG condition. In vivo and in vitro assays indicated that the forced expression of PLK-3 increased the phosphorylation of BAP1 at serine 592 and caspase-8 expression. Detailed evidence showed that BAP1-shRNA-mediated knockdown restored the cell function in HG-treated RRMECs when PLK-3 was overexpressed. Collectively, this study shows that PLK-3 alleviates retinal vascular dysfunction in DR by inhibiting the phosphorylation of BAP1. Thus, PLK-3 may develop as a promising target for the therapy of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Yingnan Lv
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangying Xi
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhipeng Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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5
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Reddy SK, Devi V, Seetharaman ATM, Shailaja S, Bhat KMR, Gangaraju R, Upadhya D. Cell and molecular targeted therapies for diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1416668. [PMID: 38948520 PMCID: PMC11211264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1416668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) stands as a prevalent complication in the eye resulting from diabetes mellitus, predominantly associated with high blood sugar levels and hypertension as individuals age. DR is a severe microvascular complication of both type I and type II diabetes mellitus and the leading cause of vision impairment. The critical approach to combatting and halting the advancement of DR lies in effectively managing blood glucose and blood pressure levels in diabetic patients; however, this is seldom achieved. Both human and animal studies have revealed the intricate nature of this condition involving various cell types and molecules. Aside from photocoagulation, the sole therapy targeting VEGF molecules in the retina to prevent abnormal blood vessel growth is intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. However, a substantial portion of cases, approximately 30-40%, do not respond to this treatment. This review explores distinctive pathophysiological phenomena of DR and identifiable cell types and molecules that could be targeted to mitigate the chronic changes occurring in the retina due to diabetes mellitus. Addressing the significant research gap in this domain is imperative to broaden the treatment options available for managing DR effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivakumar K. Reddy
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Vasudha Devi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Amritha T. M. Seetharaman
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - S. Shailaja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kumar M. R. Bhat
- Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Rajashekhar Gangaraju
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
- Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Dinesh Upadhya
- Centre for Molecular Neurosciences, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Zheng F, Li W, Cheng C, Xiong D, Wei M, Wang T, Niu D, Hui Q. Formyl Peptide Receptor 1 Inhibits Reparative Angiogenesis and Aggravates Neuroretinal Dysfunction in Ischemic Retinopathy. Curr Eye Res 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38856166 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2024.2363473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ischemic retinopathy is the major cause of vision-threatening conditions. Inflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic retinopathy. Formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1) has been reported to be implicated in the regulation of inflammatory disorders. However, the role of FPR1 in the progression of ischemic retinal injury has not been fully explained. METHODS The activation of FPR1 was measured by real-time PCR and western blotting in the retina of OIR. The effect of FPR1 on the expression of inflammatory cytokines and relevant pro-angiogenic factors was assessed between wild-type and FPR1-deficiency OIR mice. The impact of FPR1 on retinal angiogenesis was evaluated through quantifying retinal vaso-obliteration and neovascularization between FPR1+/+ and FPR1-/- OIR mice. At last, the neuronal effect of FPR1 on the ischemic retina was investigated by ERG between wild-type and FPR1-deficient OIR mice. RESULTS The expression of FPR1 significantly increased in the retina of OIR. Furthermore, FPR1 deficiency downregulated pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic factors. Ablation of FPR1 suppressed the retinal pathological neovascularization and promoted reparative revascularization, ultimately improving retinal neural function after ischemic injury. CONCLUSION In ischemic retinopathy, FPR1 aggravates inflammation and inhibits reparative angiogenesis to exacerbate neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengwei Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Minghao Wei
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianze Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongling Niu
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiaoyan Hui
- Shaanxi Eye Hospital, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), Affiliated People's Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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7
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Wu Z, Guo S, Yue H, Huang H, Zhang Z, Chen X, Lan C, Ren L, Hei P, Wang X, Wang N, Li X. Effect of M2-macrophage treated lymphatic endothelial cells on angiogenesis that promoted osteointegration. Exp Cell Res 2024; 439:114096. [PMID: 38768700 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2024.114096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Early vascularization plays an essential role during the whole process in bone regeneration because of the function of secreting cytokines, transporting nutrients and metabolic wastes. As the preliminary basis of bone repair, angiogenesis is regulated by immune cells represented by macrophages to a great extent. However, with the discovery of the endolymphatic circulation system inside bone tissue, the role of vascularization became complicated and confusing. Herein, we developed a macrophage/lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs)/human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) co-culture system to evaluate the effect of macrophage treated lymphatic endothelial cells on angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we collected the medium from macrophage (CM) for LECs culture. We found that CM2 could promote the expression of LECs markers and migration ability, which indicated the enhanced lymphogenesis. In addition, the medium from LECs was collected for culturing HUVECs. The CM2-treated LECs showed superior angiogenesis property including the migration capacity and expression of angiogenetic markers, which suggested the superior vascularization. Rat femoral condyle defect model was applied to confirm the hypothesis in vivo. Generally, M2-macrophage treated LECs showed prominent angiogenetic potential coupling with osteogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China; Department of Orthopaedics, The 63750 Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Xi'an, 710043, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuo Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China; Department of Radiology, Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Lab of Shaanxi Province, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Haixia Yue
- Physical Education Department, Xi 'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, 710054, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Ziru Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China
| | - Xuexue Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China; Graduate School, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Chaoyu Lan
- Graduate School, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Lu Ren
- Basic Medical Science Academy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Peng Hei
- Graduate School, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Graduate School, Xi'an Physical Education University, Xi'an, 710068, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China.
| | - Xiaokang Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710038, China.
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Yaribeygi H, Maleki M, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. Anti-inflammatory benefits of semaglutide: State of the art. J Clin Transl Endocrinol 2024; 36:100340. [PMID: 38576822 PMCID: PMC10992717 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcte.2024.100340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes often have chronic inflammation and high levels of inflammatory cytokines, leading to insulin resistance and complications. Anti-inflammatory agents are proposed to prevent these issues, including using antidiabetic medications with anti-inflammatory properties like semaglutide, a GLP-1 analogue. Semaglutide not only lowers glucose but also shows potential anti-inflammatory effects. Studies suggest it can modulate inflammatory responses and benefit those with diabetes. However, the exact mechanisms of its anti-inflammatory effects are not fully understood. This review aims to discuss the latest findings on semaglutide's anti-inflammatory effects and the potential pathways involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Yaribeygi
- Research Center of Physiology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mina Maleki
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammed BN, Ofori EK, Adekena CN, Amponsah SK, Asare-Anane H, Amanquah SD, Abdul-Rahman M, Amissah-Arthur KN. Levels of anti-insulin antibodies in diabetic retinopathy patients: an observational cross-sectional study. Future Sci OA 2024; 10:FSO982. [PMID: 38817369 PMCID: PMC11137838 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2024-0002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study evaluated the levels of anti-insulin antibodies (AIAs) and the influence of some antidiabetic medications on AIA in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with retinopathy. Patient & methods: An observational cross-sectional study. Results: A lower titer of AIA IgG was observed in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) and DM-only study categories compared with the control group [DR = 86 (5-560), DM-only = 50 (5-500), versus control = 200 (7-565); p = 0.017]. Taking nifedipine and metformin were negatively correlated (r = -0.32, p = 0.04) with the levels of AIA IgE in the DR group. Conclusion: A decreased titer of circulating AIAs was observed in the DR study category, suggesting that AIA may not contribute to the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bismark N Mohammed
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel K Ofori
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Seth K Amponsah
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Henry Asare-Anane
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
| | - Seth D Amanquah
- Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana
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Yang C, Yu Y, An J. Effect of High-Sucrose Diet on the Occurrence and Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy and Dietary Modification Strategies. Nutrients 2024; 16:1393. [PMID: 38732638 PMCID: PMC11085904 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
As the most serious of the many worse new pathological changes caused by diabetes, there are many risk factors for the occurrence and development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). They mainly include hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and so on. Among them, hyperglycemia is the most critical cause, and plays a vital role in the pathological changes of DR. High-sucrose diets (HSDs) lead to elevated blood glucose levels in vivo, which, through oxidative stress, inflammation, the production of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), cause plenty of pathological damages to the retina and ultimately bring about loss of vision. The existing therapies for DR primarily target the terminal stage of the disease, when irreversible visual impairment has appeared. Therefore, early prevention is particularly critical. The early prevention of DR-related vision loss requires adjustments to dietary habits, mainly by reducing sugar intake. This article primarily discusses the risk factors, pathophysiological processes and molecular mechanisms associated with the development of DR caused by HSDs. It aims to raise awareness of the crucial role of diet in the occurrence and progression of DR, promote timely changes in dietary habits, prevent vision loss and improve the quality of life. The aim is to make people aware of the importance of diet in the occurrence and progression of DR. According to the dietary modification strategies that we give, patients can change their poor eating habits in a timely manner to avoid theoretically avoidable retinopathy and obtain an excellent prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, China
| | - Yifei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianhong An
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, China;
- Oujiang Laboratory, Zhejiang Lab for Regenerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health, Wenzhou 325101, China
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11
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Estay-Ahumada CE, Verra DM, Roux M, Sassone F, Felder-Schmittbuhl MP, Klopp C, Ciocca D, Moal MLL, Hicks D. Hyperglycemia and circadian disruption lead to retinal dysfunction in a stabilized colony of the fat sand rat Psammomys obesus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167118. [PMID: 38490291 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Fat Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus) recapitulates several features of human pre-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, but data are restricted to wild animals, incompatible with stringent biomedical research criteria. To overcome this barrier, we characterized retinal changes in a colony of P. obsesus maintained under strictly controlled housing conditions. METHODS Animals were maintained on low or high caloric energy diets, and raised under either standard (12 h light/12 h dark) or shortened (5 h light/5 h dark) photoperiods. Visual responses were tested by electroretinography, while structural/molecular changes were assayed by immunochemistry and molecular biology (RNAseq and qPCR). RESULTS Whereas high calorie diet alone did not induce hyperglycemia, coupled with short photoperiod >80 % animals developed severe hyper-insulinemia by 15 weeks, and 16 % animals further developed hyperglycemia. In these groups, electroretinography showed significant declines in visual responses in both hyper-insulinemic and hyperglycemic animals, especially in photopic (cone) responses. Transcriptomics analysis of hyperglycemic compared to low caloric controls revealed major upregulation in pathways involved in glial activation, extracellular matrix remodeling, inflammation, cytokine production, partial ischemic responses and angiogenesis. Western blotting against rhodopsin and cone opsin also showed decreased levels in both groups, overall decreases being greater for cones than rods in hyperglycemic animals. CONCLUSIONS P. obesus maintained in rigorously monitored captive conditions, albeit showing attenuated responses to dietary overload compared to wild counterparts, nevertheless do develop some retinal features of diabetic retinopathy-like degeneration. Such a colony with known sanitary status opens their broader use for biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine E Estay-Ahumada
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives CNRS UPR 3212, 8 Allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Daniela M Verra
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives CNRS UPR 3212, 8 Allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Michel Roux
- IGBMC - CNRS UMR 7104 Inserm U 1258, 1 rue Laurent Fries, BP 10142, 67404 Illkirch CEDEX, France.
| | - Fabiana Sassone
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives CNRS UPR 3212, 8 Allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Marie-Paule Felder-Schmittbuhl
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives CNRS UPR 3212, 8 Allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Christophe Klopp
- Sigenae, Genotoul Bioinfo, BioInfoMics, MIAT UR875, INRAE, Castanet Tolosan, France.
| | - Dominique Ciocca
- Chronobiotron CNRS UMR 3415, 8 Allée Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Myriam Ly-Le Moal
- Institut Roche, 4 cours de l'île Seguin, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - David Hicks
- Institut des Neurosciences Cellulaires et Intégratives CNRS UPR 3212, 8 Allée du Général Rouvillois, 67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Zeng GQ, Yao YF, Zhong JB, Zhang Y, Ye BK, Dou XY, Cai L. The non-linear relationship between serum albumin and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a secondary analysis based on a cross-sectional study. BMC Ophthalmol 2024; 24:94. [PMID: 38429639 PMCID: PMC10905793 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-024-03348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most studies had shown a linear relationship between serum albumin (sALB) and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether their relationship is non-linear. METHODS We included 426 patients with type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital from December 2017 to November 2018. The outcome was the prevalence of DR. A two-piecewise logistics regression model was performed to identify the non-linear relationship between sALB and the prevalence of DR. The inflection point was calculated to determine the saturation effect through the maximum likelihood ratio and a recursive algorithm. RESULTS DR was diagnosed in 167 of 426 type 2 diabetic patients. The relationship between sALB and DR was nonlinear. When sALB was less than 38.10 g/L, a significant negative association was observed (OR = 0.82; 95% CI, 0.72-0.94; P = 0.0037), while no significant association was observed when sALB was greater than 38.10 g/L (OR = 1.12; 95% CI, 0.92-1.35; P = 0.2637). CONCLUSIONS The relationship between sALB and the prevalence of DR is non-linear. sALB is negatively associated with the prevalence of DR when sALB is less than 38.10 g/L. Our findings need to be confirmed by further prospective research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Qiang Zeng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.3002 Sungang West Road, 518035, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Shantou University Medical College, No.22 Xinling Road, 515031, Shantou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Bo Zhong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bai-Kang Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.3002 Sungang West Road, 518035, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Dou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, No.3002 Sungang West Road, 518035, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Xueyuan AVE 1098, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, 518000, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China.
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Tang S, An X, Sun W, Zhang Y, Yang C, Kang X, Sun Y, Jiang L, Zhao X, Gao Q, Ji H, Lian F. Parallelism and non-parallelism in diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1336123. [PMID: 38419958 PMCID: PMC10899692 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1336123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and diabetic retinopathy (DR), as microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus, are currently the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and blindness, respectively, in the adult working population, and they are major public health problems with social and economic burdens. The parallelism between the two in the process of occurrence and development manifests in the high overlap of disease-causing risk factors and pathogenesis, high rates of comorbidity, mutually predictive effects, and partial concordance in the clinical use of medications. However, since the two organs, the eye and the kidney, have their unique internal environment and physiological processes, each with specific influencing molecules, and the target organs have non-parallelism due to different pathological changes and responses to various influencing factors, this article provides an overview of the parallelism and non-parallelism between DN and DR to further recognize the commonalities and differences between the two diseases and provide references for early diagnosis, clinical guidance on the use of medication, and the development of new drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xuedong An
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjie Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehong Zhang
- Fangshan Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cunqing Yang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaomin Kang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Sun
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Jiang
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hangyu Ji
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmei Lian
- Guang’an Men Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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14
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Li J, Nan X, Ma Y, Wang Z, Fang H. Therapeutic Potential of Fingolimod in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Chronic Complications. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2024; 17:507-516. [PMID: 38318451 PMCID: PMC10840523 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s385016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose due to a deficiency of insulin secretion and/or action. Long-term poor blood glucose control may lead to chronic damage and dysfunction of the heart, kidneys, eyes, and other organs. Therefore, it is important to develop treatments for diabetes and its chronic complications. Fingolimod is a structural sphingosine analogue and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator currently used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Several studies have shown that it has beneficial effects on the improvement of diabetes and its chronic complications. This paper reviews the therapeutic potential of Fingolimod in diabetes and its chronic complications, aiming to further guide future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Nan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixuan Ma
- Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Handan First Hospital, Handan, 056000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Gongren Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Fang Y, Wang Q, Zhang L, Xie L. SIPA1 promotes angiogenesis by regulating VEGF secretion in Müller cells through STAT3 activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24869. [PMID: 38312659 PMCID: PMC10834823 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent complication of diabetes that can lead to vision loss. The chronic hyperglycemia associated with DR results in damage to the retinal microvasculature. Müller cells, as a kind of macroglia, play a crucial role in regulating the retinal vascular microenvironment. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of signal-induced proliferation-associated protein 1 (SIPA1) in regulating angiogenesis in Müller cells. Through proteomics, database analysis, endothelial cell function tests, and Western blot detection, we observed an up-regulation of SIPA1 expression in Müller cells upon high glucose stimulation. SIPA1 expression contributed to VEGF secretion in Müller cells and regulated the mobility of retinal vascular endothelial cells. Further investigation of the dependence of SIPA1 on VEGF secretion revealed that SIPA1 activated the phosphorylation STAT3, leading to its translocation into the nucleus. Overexpression of SIPA1 combined with the STAT3 inhibitor STATTIC demonstrated the regulation of SIPA1 in VEGF expression, dependent on STAT3 activation. These findings suggest that SIPA1 promotes the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors in Müller cells by activating the STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby highlighting SIPA1 as a potential therapeutic target for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qionghua Wang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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16
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Azubuike-Osu SO, Kuhs A, Götz P, Faro A, Preissner KT, Arnholdt C, Deindl E. Treatment with Cobra Venom Factor Decreases Ischemic Tissue Damage in Mice. Biomedicines 2024; 12:309. [PMID: 38397911 PMCID: PMC10886846 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Tissue ischemia, caused by the blockage of blood vessels, can result in substantial damage and impaired tissue performance. Information regarding the functional contribution of the complement system in the context of ischemia and angiogenesis is lacking. To investigate the influence of complement activation and depletion upon femoral artery ligation (FAL), Cobra venom factor (CVF) (that functionally resembles C3b, the activated form of complement component C3) was applied in mice in comparison to control mice. Seven days after induction of muscle ischemia through FAL, gastrocnemius muscles of mice were excised and subjected to (immuno-)histological analyses. H&E and apoptotic cell staining (TUNEL) staining revealed a significant reduction in ischemic tissue damage in CVF-treated mice compared to controls. The control mice, however, exhibited a significantly higher capillary-to-muscle fiber ratio and a higher number of proliferating endothelial cells (CD31+/CD45-/BrdU+). The total number of leukocytes (CD45+) substantially decreased in CVF-treated mice versus control mice. Moreover, the CVF-treated group displayed a shift towards the M2-like anti-inflammatory and regenerative macrophage phenotype (CD68+/MRC1+). In conclusion, our findings suggest that treatment with CVF leads to reduced ischemic tissue damage along with decreased leukocyte recruitment but increased numbers of M2-like polarized macrophages, thereby enhancing tissue regeneration, repair, and healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon O. Azubuike-Osu
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike, Abakaliki 482131, Ebonyi, Nigeria
| | - Amelie Kuhs
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Philipp Götz
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anna Faro
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Klaus T. Preissner
- Department of Cardiology, Kerckhoff-Heart Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Christoph Arnholdt
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany or (S.O.A.-O.); (A.K.); (P.G.); (A.F.); (C.A.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 82152 Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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17
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Choi YJ, Kwon JW, Jee D. The relationship between blood vitamin A levels and diabetic retinopathy: a population-based study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:491. [PMID: 38177180 PMCID: PMC10766637 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the relationship between blood vitamin A levels and the risk of diabetic retinopathy. The study was population-based epidemiological study for 11,727 participants aged 40 or older who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Vitamin A in the blood was classified into quartiles. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed by the Early Treatment for Diabetic Retinopathy Study. After adjusting confounding variables such as age, sex, smoking, cholesterol, diabetes prevalence period, glycated hemoglobin levels, and high blood pressure, the odd ratio (OR) of vitamin A at quartile level 4 for diabetic retinopathy was 0.32 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14-0.72, P for trend < 0.001). In male, the OR of quartile 3 level vitamin A for diabetic retinopathy was 0.11 (95% CI, 0.01-0.69, P for trend = 0.010). In adults under the age of 60, the OR of vitamin A at quartile level 3 for diabetic retinopathy was 0.10. (95% CI, 0.03-0.29, P for trend < 0.001). Serum vitamin A high levels are associated with low risk of diabetic retinopathy. Particularly, there is a more effective relationship in male and adults under the age of 60.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jin Choi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, Jungbu-daero 93, Paldal-gu, Suwon, 16247, Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Kwon
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, Jungbu-daero 93, Paldal-gu, Suwon, 16247, Korea
| | - Donghyun Jee
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St. Vincent's Hospital, Jungbu-daero 93, Paldal-gu, Suwon, 16247, Korea.
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18
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Jun JH, Kim JS, Palomera LF, Jo DG. Dysregulation of histone deacetylases in ocular diseases. Arch Pharm Res 2024; 47:20-39. [PMID: 38151648 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-023-01482-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Ocular diseases are a growing global concern and have a significant impact on the quality of life. Cataracts, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy are the most prevalent ocular diseases. Their prevalence and the global market size are also increasing. However, the available pharmacotherapy is currently limited. These diseases share common pathophysiological features, including neovascularization, inflammation, and/or neurodegeneration. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs are crucial for regulating various cellular processes, such as gene expression, protein stability, localization, and function. They have also been studied in various research fields, including cancer, inflammatory diseases, neurological disorders, and vascular diseases. Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between HDACs and ocular diseases, to identify a new strategy for pharmacotherapy. This review article explores the role of HDACs in ocular diseases, specifically focusing on diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and retinopathy of prematurity, as well as optic nerve disorders, such as glaucoma and optic neuropathy. Additionally, we explore the interplay between HDACs and key regulators of fibrosis and angiogenesis, such as TGF-β and VEGF, highlighting the potential of targeting HDAC as novel therapeutic strategies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyun Jun
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
- Department of Pharmacology, CKD Research Institute, Chong Kun Dang Pharmaceutical Co., Yongin, 16995, Korea
| | - Jun-Sik Kim
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Leon F Palomera
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, Korea.
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Korea.
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19
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Yang Y, Guo J, Li M, Chu G, Jin H, Ma J, Jia Q. Cancer stem cells and angiogenesis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 253:155064. [PMID: 38160481 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancer remains the primary cause of mortality in developed nations. Although localized tumors can be effectively addressed through surgery, radiotherapy, and other targeted methods, drug efficacy often wanes in the context of metastatic diseases. As a result, significant efforts are being made to develop drugs capable of not only inhibiting tumor growth but also impeding the metastasis of malignant tumors, with a focus on hindering their migration to adjacent organs. Cancer stem cells metastasize via blood and lymphatic vessels, exhibiting a high mutation rate, significant variability, and a predisposition to drug resistance. In contrast, endothelial cells, being less prone to mutation, are less likely to give rise to drug-resistant clones. Furthermore, the direct contact of circulating anti-angiogenic drugs with vascular endothelial cells expedites their therapeutic impact. Hence, anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy assumes a pivotal role in cancer treatment. This paper provides a succinct overview of the molecular mechanisms governing the interaction between cancer stem cells and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine and Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jingyu Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine and Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guangxin Chu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Hai Jin
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China.
| | - Jing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine and Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Qingge Jia
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.
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Wang Q, Zhang L, Shen Q, Zeng C, Fang Y, Ou K. 5-Bromo-3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde stabilizes diabetic retinal neurovascular units by inhibiting the inflammatory microenvironment. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115657. [PMID: 37839106 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of blindness characterized by damage to the retinal neurovascular unit, which is caused by hyperglycemia-induced metabolic and inflammatory responses. 5-Bromo-3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (BDB) is a compound derived from marine red algae and known for its anti-inflammatory effects. METHODS This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of BDB on DR using primary human retinal vascular endothelial cells and retinal tissue explants. The analysis involved assessing vascular integrity, expression of tight junction protein, hyperglycemia-induced permeability, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) apoptosis. The protective effect of BDB in maintaining the diabetic retinal neurovascular units was verified using type 1 diabetic mouse models. Additionally, the inhibitory effect of BDB on the levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were examined. RESULTS In vitro experiments revealed that BDB promoted vascular integrity, inhibited the transcription of pro-inflammatory factors, and alleviated hyperglycemia-induced permeability. BDB also protected RGC from hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis. In diabetic mice models, BDB treatment maintained the integrity of diabetic retinal neurovascular units and inhibited the secretion of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. CONCLUSION BDB demonstrated a protective effect on DR by inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of DR. Further research is warranted to validate its safety and efficacy for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qionghua Wang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lanyue Zhang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiang Shen
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunqin Zeng
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanhong Fang
- Chongqing University Jiangjin Hospital, School of Medicine, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Kepeng Ou
- College of Pharmacy, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Targeted and Innovative Therapeutics, IATTI, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, Chongqing, China; Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China..
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21
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Yao Y, Zhao Z, He J, Ali B, Wang M, Liao F, Zhuang J, Zheng Y, Guo W, Zhang DY. Iridium nanozyme-mediated photoacoustic imaging-guided NIR-II photothermal therapy and tumor microenvironment regulation for targeted eradication of cancer stem cells. Acta Biomater 2023; 172:369-381. [PMID: 37852456 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are found in many solid tumors, which play decisive roles in the occurrence, recurrence and metastasis of tumors. However, drugs are difficult to kill CSCs due to their limited number and location in oxygen-deprived tissue far from the blood vessels. Meanwhile, the survival and stemness maintenance of CSCs strongly depend on the tumor microenvironment (TME). Herein, we developed a CD44 antibody modified iridium nanosheet with enzyme-like activity (defined as Ir Nts-Ab) that effectively eradicates CSCs for cancer therapy. We observe that Ir Nts-Ab can enrich tumor tissues to remove excessive reactive oxygen species and produce oxygen, thus alleviating hypoxia and the inflammatory TME to reduce the proportion of CSCs and inhibit metastasis. In addition, Ir Nts-Ab targets CSCs and normal cancer cells with near infrared II-region photothermal therapy (NIR-II PTT), and is easily taken up by CSCs due to recognition of the CD44 proteins. Moreover, photoacoustic imaging helps monitor drug accumulation and hypoxic TME improvement in tumor tissue. Importantly, Ir Nts-Ab has good biological safety, making it suitable for biomedical applications. This iridium nanozyme based on TME regulation as well as NIR-II PTT will be a promising strategy for the treatment of cancer. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are key factors that make tumors difficult to eradicate, and strongly depend on the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays a crucial role in the occurrence and metastasis of tumors. Herein, an antibody modified iridium nanosheet (definition as Ir Nts-Ab) was developed for targeted eradication of CSCs by photoacoustic imaging guided photothermal therapy (PTT) and TME regulation. Ir Nts-Ab with catalase-like activity could inhibit HIF-1α by producing oxygen, thus effectively reducing the proportion of CSCs and inhibiting tumor metastasis. Additionally, Ir Nts-Ab achieved the eradication of CSCs by PTT, and eliminated reactive oxygen species to decrease the inflammatory response, resulting in reduced tumor metastasis, which was promising for the cure of solid tumors in the clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Yao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Zhuangzhuang Zhao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jinzhen He
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Barkat Ali
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China; PARC Pakistan Agricultural Research Council, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mingcheng Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Fangling Liao
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Jiani Zhuang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
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22
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Lee PK, Ra H, Baek J. Automated segmentation of ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography of diabetic retinopathy using deep learning. Br J Ophthalmol 2023; 107:1859-1863. [PMID: 36241374 DOI: 10.1136/bjo-2022-321063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Retinal capillary non-perfusion (NP) and neovascularisation (NV) are two of the most important angiographic changes in diabetic retinopathy (DR). This study investigated the feasibility of using deep learning (DL) models to automatically segment NP and NV on ultra-widefield fluorescein angiography (UWFA) images from patients with DR. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional chart review study. In total, 951 UWFA images were collected from patients with severe non-proliferative DR (NPDR) or proliferative DR (PDR). Each image was segmented and labelled for NP, NV, disc, background and outside areas. Using the labelled images, DL models were trained and validated (80%) using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for automated segmentation and tested (20%) on test sets. Accuracy of each model and each label were assessed. RESULTS The best accuracy from CNN models for each label was 0.8208, 0.8338, 0.9801, 0.9253 and 0.9766 for NP, NV, disc, background and outside areas, respectively. The best Intersection over Union for each label was 0.6806, 0.5675, 0.7107, 0.8551 and 0.924 and mean mean boundary F1 score (BF score) was 0.6702, 0.8742, 0.9092, 0.8103 and 0.9006, respectively. CONCLUSIONS DL models can detect NV and NP as well as disc and outer margins on UWFA with good performance. This automated segmentation of important UWFA features will aid physicians in DR clinics and in overcoming grader subjectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phil-Kyu Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Ra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Baek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Yao H, Yang Z, Cheng Y, Shen X. Macular changes following cataract surgery in eyes with early diabetic retinopathy: an OCT and OCT angiography study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1290599. [PMID: 38034528 PMCID: PMC10682095 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1290599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate changes in macular status and choroidal thickness (CT) following phacoemulsification in patients with mild to moderate nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) using optical coherence tomography. Methods In this prospective study, all of the patients underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification. Retinal superficial capillary plexus vascular density (SCP-VD), macular thickness (MT), and CT were measured pre- and postoperatively. Results Twenty-two eyes of 22 cataract patients with mild to moderate NPDR without diabetic macular edema (DME) and 22 controls were enrolled. BCVA increased in two groups at 3 months postoperatively. At 1 and 3 months postoperatively, SCP-VD in the diabetic retinopathy (DR) group significantly increased; changes in SCP-VD in parafovea were significantly greater in the DR group than in the control group. MT and CT in the DR group significantly increased at all visits postoperatively in the fovea and perifovea. Changes in parafoveal MT were significantly greater in the DR group than in the control group at all visits postoperatively. Changes in CT and MT in the fovea were significantly greater in patients with DR than in the controls 1 and 3 months postoperatively. Conclusion Uncomplicated phacoemulsification resulted in greater increases in SCP-VD, MT and CT in patients with early DR without preoperative DME than in controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xi Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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24
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Benítez-Camacho J, Ballesteros A, Beltrán-Camacho L, Rojas-Torres M, Rosal-Vela A, Jimenez-Palomares M, Sanchez-Gomar I, Durán-Ruiz MC. Endothelial progenitor cells as biomarkers of diabetes-related cardiovascular complications. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:324. [PMID: 37950274 PMCID: PMC10636846 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03537-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) constitutes a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated levels of blood glucose which can also lead to the so-called diabetic vascular complications (DVCs), responsible for most of the morbidity, hospitalizations and death registered in these patients. Currently, different approaches to prevent or reduce DM and its DVCs have focused on reducing blood sugar levels, cholesterol management or even changes in lifestyle habits. However, even the strictest glycaemic control strategies are not always sufficient to prevent the development of DVCs, which reflects the need to identify reliable biomarkers capable of predicting further vascular complications in diabetic patients. Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), widely known for their potential applications in cell therapy due to their regenerative properties, may be used as differential markers in DVCs, considering that the number and functionality of these cells are affected under the pathological environments related to DM. Besides, drugs commonly used with DM patients may influence the level or behaviour of EPCs as a pleiotropic effect that could finally be decisive in the prognosis of the disease. In the current review, we have analysed the relationship between diabetes and DVCs, focusing on the potential use of EPCs as biomarkers of diabetes progression towards the development of major vascular complications. Moreover, the effects of different drugs on the number and function of EPCs have been also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Benítez-Camacho
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Ballesteros
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
| | - Lucía Beltrán-Camacho
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Córdoba, Spain
- Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology Department, Córdoba University, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Marta Rojas-Torres
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Antonio Rosal-Vela
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Margarita Jimenez-Palomares
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ismael Sanchez-Gomar
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Durán-Ruiz
- Biomedicine, Biotechnology and Public Health Department, Science Faculty, Cádiz University, Torre Sur. Avda. República Saharaui S/N, Polígono Río San Pedro, Puerto Real, 11519, Cádiz, Spain.
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INIBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
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25
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Sun WJ, An XD, Zhang YH, Zhao XF, Sun YT, Yang CQ, Kang XM, Jiang LL, Ji HY, Lian FM. The ideal treatment timing for diabetic retinopathy: the molecular pathological mechanisms underlying early-stage diabetic retinopathy are a matter of concern. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1270145. [PMID: 38027131 PMCID: PMC10680169 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1270145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a prevalent complication of diabetes, significantly impacting patients' quality of life due to vision loss. No pharmacological therapies are currently approved for DR, excepted the drugs to treat diabetic macular edema such as the anti-VEGF agents or steroids administered by intraocular route. Advancements in research have highlighted the crucial role of early intervention in DR for halting or delaying disease progression. This holds immense significance in enhancing patients' quality of life and alleviating the societal burden associated with medical care costs. The non-proliferative stage represents the early phase of DR. In comparison to the proliferative stage, pathological changes primarily manifest as microangiomas and hemorrhages, while at the cellular level, there is a loss of pericytes, neuronal cell death, and disruption of components and functionality within the retinal neuronal vascular unit encompassing pericytes and neurons. Both neurodegenerative and microvascular abnormalities manifest in the early stages of DR. Therefore, our focus lies on the non-proliferative stage of DR and we have initially summarized the mechanisms involved in its development, including pathways such as polyols, that revolve around the pathological changes occurring during this early stage. We also integrate cutting-edge mechanisms, including leukocyte adhesion, neutrophil extracellular traps, multiple RNA regulation, microorganisms, cell death (ferroptosis and pyroptosis), and other related mechanisms. The current status of drug therapy for early-stage DR is also discussed to provide insights for the development of pharmaceutical interventions targeting the early treatment of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jie Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Dong An
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yue-Hong Zhang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Fei Zhao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Sun
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cun-Qing Yang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Min Kang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lin-Lin Jiang
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hang-Yu Ji
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Mei Lian
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Wigner-Jeziorska P, Janik-Karpińska E, Niwald M, Saluk J, Miller E. Effect of SARS-CoV-2 Infection and BNT162b2 Vaccination on the mRNA Expression of Genes Associated with Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16094. [PMID: 38003287 PMCID: PMC10671623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), discovered in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Due to the rate of spread of this virus, the World Health Organization, in March 2020, recognised COVID-19 as a worldwide pandemic. The disease is multisystemic with varying degrees of severity. Unfortunately, despite intensive research, the molecular changes caused by SARS-CoV-2 remain unclear. Mechanisms affected by the virus infection include endothelial dysfunction and angiogenesis. Similarly, the vaccines developed so far affect the process of angiogenesis, contributing to the development of undesirable effects on part of the cardiovascular system. The presented research aimed to investigate the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the Pfizer Comirnaty vaccine (BNT162b2) on the molecular aspect of angiogenesis. We found that convalescents vaccinated with one dose of BNT162b2 were characterised by higher MMP-7 (metalloproteinases 7) expression than non-vaccinated convalescents and healthy volunteers vaccinated with one dose of BNT162b2. Moreover, non-vaccinated convalescents showed increased mRNA expression of ADAMTS1 (ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 1) compared to healthy volunteers vaccinated with one dose of BNT162b2. In addition, we showed significant sex differences in the expression of MMP-7. In conclusion, the results of our study suggest a significant impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on the course of angiogenesis at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Wigner-Jeziorska
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (P.W.-J.); (J.S.)
| | - Edyta Janik-Karpińska
- Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Marta Niwald
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Joanna Saluk
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland; (P.W.-J.); (J.S.)
| | - Elżbieta Miller
- Department of Neurological Rehabilitation, Medical University of Lodz, 90-136 Lodz, Poland;
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27
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Xue L, Hu M, Zhu Q, Li Y, Zhou G, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Ding P. GRg1 inhibits the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway by upregulating miR-216a-5p to reduce growth factors and inflammatory cytokines in DR. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:9379-9394. [PMID: 37819496 PMCID: PMC10635910 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08895-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common diabetic neurodegenerative disease that affects vision in severe cases. Current therapeutic drugs are ineffective for some patients with severe side effects, and ginsenoside-Rg1 (GRg1) has been shown to protect against DR and may serve as a new potential drug for DR. This study aimed to confirm the protective effect of GRg1 against DR and its molecular mechanism. METHODS Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) and rats were used to construct DR models in vitro and in vivo. Cell proliferation was detected by BrdU assays, the cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry, and TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels were detected by ELISA. qRT‒PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of related genes and proteins, and angiogenesis assays were used to assess angiogenesis. RIP and RNA pull down assays were used to determine the relationship between miR-216a-5p and TLR4; retinal structure and changes were observed by HE staining and retinal digestive spread assays. RESULTS GRg1 effectively inhibited HG-induced hRMEC proliferation, cell cycle progression and angiogenesis and reduced the levels of intracellular inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. HG downregulated the expression of miR-216a-5p and upregulated the expression of TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway-related proteins. Importantly, GRg1 inhibited TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway activation by upregulating miR-216a-5p, thereby inhibiting HG-induced cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and the production of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. In addition, animal experiments confirmed the results of the cell experiments. CONCLUSIONS GRg1 inhibits TLR4/NF-kB signaling by upregulating miR-216a-5p to reduce growth factors and inflammatory cytokines in DR, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Xue
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Qin Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Yadi Li
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanglong Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Jieying Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University; The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan; The Affiliated Ophthalmology Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming, 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China.
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28
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Wu W, Xia X, Tang L, Luo J, Xiong S, Ma G, Lei H. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase as a therapeutic target in angiogenic disease. Exp Eye Res 2023; 236:109646. [PMID: 37716399 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2023.109646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate lipids that control multitudinous intracellular cell signaling events which participate in cell survival and proliferation. In addition, PI3K signaling also contributes to metabolism, immunity, angiogenesis and cardiovascular homeostasis, and many diseases. The diverse actions of PI3K stem from the existence of their various isoforms and a variety of protein effectors. Hence, PI3K isoform-specific inhibitors have already achieved a wonderful effect on treating cancer. Herein, we summarize the molecular mechanism of PI3K inhibitors in preventing the permeability of vessels and neovascularization. Additionally, we briefly illustrate how PI3K signaling modulates blood vessel growth and discuss the different roles that PI3K isoforms play in angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Xiaobo Xia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Luosheng Tang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siqi Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gaoen Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Hetian Lei
- Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen Eye Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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29
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Perisset S, Potilinski MC, Gallo JE. Role of Lnc-RNAs in the Pathogenesis and Development of Diabetic Retinopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13947. [PMID: 37762249 PMCID: PMC10531058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Important advances in diabetic retinopathy (DR) research and management have occurred in the last few years. Neurodegenerative changes before the onset of microvascular alterations have been well established. So, new strategies are required for earlier and more effective treatment of DR, which still is the first cause of blindness in working age. We describe herein gene regulation through Lnc-RNAs as an interesting subject related to DR. Long non-coding RNAs (Lnc-RNAs) are non-protein-coding transcripts larger than 200 nucleotides. Lnc-RNAs regulate gene expression and protein formation at the epigenetic, transcriptional, and translational levels and can impact cell proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, and oxidative stress. These changes are known to take part in the mechanism of DR. Recent investigations pointed out that Lnc-RNAs might play a role in retinopathy development as Metastasis-Associated Lung Adenocarcinoma Transcript (Lnc-MALAT1), Maternally expressed gene 3 (Lnc-MEG3), myocardial-infarction-associated transcript (Lnc-MIAT), Lnc-RNA H19, Lnc-RNA HOTAIR, Lnc-RNA ANRIL B-Raf proto-oncogene (Lnc-RNA BANCR), small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (Lnc-RNA SNHG16) and others. Several molecular pathways are impacted. Some of them play a role in DR pathophysiology, including the PI3K-Akt signaling axis, NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (Sirti1), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (P38/mapk), transforming growth factor beta signaling (TGF-β) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). The way Lnc-RNAs affect diabetic retinopathy is a question of great relevance. Performing a more in-depth analysis seems to be crucial for researchers if they want to target Lnc-RNAs. New knowledge on gene regulation and biomarkers will enable investigators to develop more specialized therapies for diabetic retinopathy, particularly in the current growing context of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Perisset
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral—CONICET, Pilar B1629, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (S.P.); (M.C.P.)
| | - M. Constanza Potilinski
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral—CONICET, Pilar B1629, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (S.P.); (M.C.P.)
| | - Juan E. Gallo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral—CONICET, Pilar B1629, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (S.P.); (M.C.P.)
- Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar B1629, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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30
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Nawaz MI. Editorial: Advances in the research of diabetic retinopathy, volume II. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1281490. [PMID: 37745717 PMCID: PMC10516549 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1281490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Research Chair in Ophthalmology, Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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31
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Hossain MMN, Hu NW, Abdelhamid M, Singh S, Murfee WL, Balogh P. Angiogenic Microvascular Wall Shear Stress Patterns Revealed Through Three-dimensional Red Blood Cell Resolved Modeling. FUNCTION 2023; 4:zqad046. [PMID: 37753184 PMCID: PMC10519277 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The wall shear stress (WSS) exerted by blood flowing through microvascular capillaries is an established driver of new blood vessel growth, or angiogenesis. Such adaptations are central to many physiological processes in both health and disease, yet three-dimensional (3D) WSS characteristics in real angiogenic microvascular networks are largely unknown. This marks a major knowledge gap because angiogenesis, naturally, is a 3D process. To advance current understanding, we model 3D red blood cells (RBCs) flowing through rat angiogenic microvascular networks using state-of-the-art simulation. The high-resolution fluid dynamics reveal 3D WSS patterns occurring at sub-endothelial cell (EC) scales that derive from distinct angiogenic morphologies, including microvascular loops and vessel tortuosity. We identify the existence of WSS hot and cold spots caused by angiogenic surface shapes and RBCs, and notably enhancement of low WSS regions by RBCs. Spatiotemporal characteristics further reveal how fluctuations follow timescales of RBC "footprints." Altogether, this work provides a new conceptual framework for understanding how shear stress might regulate EC dynamics in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Md Nasim Hossain
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07114, USA
| | - Nien-Wen Hu
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Maram Abdelhamid
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07114, USA
| | - Simerpreet Singh
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07114, USA
| | - Walter L Murfee
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Peter Balogh
- Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07114, USA
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Fang J, Bai W, Yang L. Astaxanthin inhibits oxidative stress and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152069. [PMID: 37343496 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is thought to be influenced by oxidative stress. Astaxanthin (ASX) is a natural product with antioxidant effect, but it is not clear whether its mechanism of inhibiting the development of DR is related to anti-oxidation. METHODS Rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to create DR rat models followed by ASX (20 mg/kg) for 45 days. Retinal tissue was examined by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. By using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 2,7-Dichlorodrhydrofluorescein diace (DCFH-DA) probes, immunohistochemistry and western blot, it was feasible to evaluate the contents of inflammation-related factors (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1)), oxidative stress-related indicators (glutathione (GSH), malonic dialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and Total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC)), antioxidant enzymes (hemoxgenase-1(HO-1) and Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)), and apoptosis-related proteins (Bcl-2, Bcl2 Associated X Protein (BAX), and cleaved-caspase-3). Additionally, antioxidant proteins downstream of the nuclear factor E2 related factors (Nrf-2) pathway, expression levels of Nrf2/ Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Keap 1) pathway-associated proteins, and nuclear and cytoplasmic levels of Nrf2 were assessed using immunohistochemistry, western blot, or quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS ASX alleviated retinal tissue damage by increasing overall retina thickness and ganglion cell layer (GCL) cell numbers and exerted the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis effects in DR rats. Additionally, ASX could inhibit the expression of Keap1, promote the transport of Nrf2 from cytoplasm to nucleus and facilitate the expressions of HO-1, NQO1, γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase, (γ-GCS) and GPx. CONCLUSION ASX exerted antioxidant effects through Nrf2/keap1 pathway, thereby alleviating apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress in retinal tissues of DR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinchang County People's Hospital, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province 312500, China
| | - Wuxia Bai
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310059, China
| | - Lina Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xinchang County People's Hospital, Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province 312500, China.
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Naserinejad N, Costanian C, Birot O, Barboni T, Roudier E. Wildland fire, air pollution and cardiovascular health: is it time to focus on the microvasculature as a risk assessment tool? Front Physiol 2023; 14:1225195. [PMID: 37538378 PMCID: PMC10394245 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1225195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change favors weather conditions conducive to wildland fires. The intensity and frequency of forest fires are increasing, and fire seasons are lengthening. Exposure of human populations to smoke emitted by these fires increases, thereby contributing to airborne pollution through the emission of gas and particulate matter (PM). The adverse health outcomes associated with wildland fire exposure represent an important burden on the economies and health systems of societies. Even though cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main of cause of the global burden of diseases attributable to PM exposure, it remains difficult to show reliable associations between exposure to wildland fire smoke and cardiovascular disease risk in population-based studies. Optimal health requires a resilient and adaptable network of small blood vessels, namely, the microvasculature. Often alterations of this microvasculature precede the occurrence of adverse health outcomes, including CVD. Biomarkers of microvascular health could then represent possible markers for the early detection of poor cardiovascular outcomes. This review aims to synthesize the current literature to gauge whether assessing the microvasculature can better estimate the cardiovascular impact of wildland fires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazgol Naserinejad
- School of Global Health, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christy Costanian
- School of Global Health, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Olivier Birot
- Muscle Health Research Center, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Toussaint Barboni
- Laboratoire des Sciences Pour l’Environnement (SPE), UMR-CNRS 6134, University of Corsica Pasquale Paoli, Campus Grimaldi, Corte, France
| | - Emilie Roudier
- School of Global Health, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Muscle Health Research Center, School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Orfanidou M, Ntenti C, Evripidou K, Mataftsi A, Goulas A, Polyzos SA. Retinal Vascular Lesions in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1148. [PMID: 37511760 PMCID: PMC10381395 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13071148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize and compare data on retinal vascular lesions between patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and individuals without the disease. Methods: Search was performed in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Library, complemented by handsearching (PROSPERO ID: CRD42022345558). Thirty-six studies comprising 24,985 individuals (12,387 NAFLD patients and 12,598 controls) were selected for the meta-analysis. Results: Apart from retinopathy, no study with a different type of retinal vascular lesion was retrieved. Overall, there was no significant difference in the presence of retinopathy in NAFLD patients compared to controls (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.20; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.91-1.59). Heterogeneity among studies was high (I2 = 93%; p < 0.00001), while Egger's test revealed no publication bias (p = 0.60). However, subgroup analysis showed positive association between retinopathy and NAFLD in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) (OR = 2.35; 95% CI: 1.53-3.60), but not in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Meta-regression analysis exploring potential confounders revealed no significant association. Conclusions: The presence of retinopathy was not overall different between individuals with and without NAFLD; however, T1DM patients with NAFLD had higher rates of retinopathy compared to T1DM patients without NAFLD, a finding warranting further research to show whether NAFLD may predict retinopathy in T1DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myrsini Orfanidou
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Charikleia Ntenti
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kleo Evripidou
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Asimina Mataftsi
- Second Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Antonis Goulas
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Stergios A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Antwi-Adjei M, Obese E, Adakudugu EA, Henneh IT, Biney RP, Aboagye B, Amoani B, Anokwah D, Ameyaw EO. Modulating Effects of the Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Persicaria lanigera R. Br. Soják (Polygonaceae) against Acute Inflammation. ScientificWorldJournal 2023; 2023:5567410. [PMID: 37469933 PMCID: PMC10352536 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5567410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant species have been used traditionally to treat numerous inflammatory disorders because of their known medicinal properties. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Persicaria lanigera using acute inflammatory models. The safety profile of the Persicaria lanigera extract was assessed using an acute toxicity model. The anti-inflammatory effect of the Persicaria lanigera leaf extract (100-600 mg·kg-1, p.o.) was studied in carrageenan-induced paw oedema, zymosan-induced knee joint arthritis, and histamine-induced paw oedema in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 5). It was observed that the Persicaria lanigera leaf extract administered prophylactically significantly inhibited paw oedema from 99.01 ± 12.59 to 59.10 ± 4.94%, 56.08 ± 3.65%, and 48.62 ± 3.27% at 100 mg·kg-1, 300 mg·kg-1, and 600 mg·kg-1, while the standard drug, aspirin, showed 41.84 ± 9.25% in carrageenan-induced paw oedema, respectively. Furthermore, the extract decreased knee joint inflammation significantly from 62.43 ± 5.73% to 32.07 ± 2.98% and 24.33 ± 8.58% at 300 mg·kg-1 and 600 mg·kg-1 in zymosan-induced knee joint inflammation, respectively. In the histamine-induced paw oedema model, the extract significantly inhibited oedema to 61.53 ± 9.17%, 54.21 ± 9.38%, and 54.22 ± 9.37% at the same doses. Aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Persicaria lanigera is safe and attenuates inflammation in acute inflammation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshack Antwi-Adjei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Ernest Obese
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Emmanuel Awiintig Adakudugu
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Isaac Tabiri Henneh
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Robert Peter Biney
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Aboagye
- Department of Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Benjamin Amoani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Daniel Anokwah
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Elvis Ofori Ameyaw
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics and Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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Zhao L, Xu H, Liu X, Cheng Y, Xie J. The role of TET2-mediated ROBO4 hypomethylation in the development of diabetic retinopathy. J Transl Med 2023; 21:455. [PMID: 37430272 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04310-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In diabetic retinopathy, increasing evidence points to a link between the pathogenesis of retinal microangiopathy and the endothelial cell-specific factor roundabout4 (ROBO4). According to earlier research, specificity protein 1 (SP1) enhances the binding to the ROBO4 promoter, increasing Robo4 expression and hastening the progression of diabetic retinopathy. To determine if this is related to aberrant epigenetic modifications of ROBO4, we examined the methylation level of the ROBO4 promoter and the corresponding regulatory mechanism during the course of diabetic retinopathy and explored the effect of this mechanism on retinal vascular leakage and neovascularization. METHODS The methylation level of CpG sites in the ROBO4 promoter was detected in human retinal endothelial cells (HRECs) cultured under hyperglycemic conditions and retinas from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. The effects of hyperglycemia on DNA methyltransferase 1, Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 (TET2), 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, and the binding of TET2 and SP1 to the ROBO4 promoter, as well as the expression of ROBO4, zonula occludens 1 (ZO-1) and occludin were examined. Short hairpin RNA was used to suppress the expression of TET2 or ROBO4 and the structural and functional changes in the retinal microvascular system were assessed. RESULTS In HRECs cultured under hyperglycemic conditions, the ROBO4 promoter methylation level decreased. Hyperglycemia-induced TET2 overexpression caused active demethylation of ROBO4 by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, which enhanced the binding of SP1 to ROBO4, increased the expression of ROBO4, and decreased the expression of ZO-1 and occludin, leading to the abnormalities in monolayer permeability, migratory ability and angiogenesis of HRECs. The above pathway was also demonstrated in the retinas of diabetic mice, which caused leakage from retinal capillaries and neovascularization. Inhibition of TET2 or ROBO4 expression significantly ameliorated the dysfunction of HRECs and retinal vascular abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS In diabetes, TET2 can regulate the expression of ROBO4 and its downstream proteins by mediating active demethylation of the ROBO4 promoter, which accelerates the development of retinal vasculopathy. These findings suggest that TET2-induced ROBO4 hypomethylation is a potential therapeutic target, and anti- TET2/ROBO4 therapy is anticipated to emerge as a novel strategy for early intervention and delayed progression of diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangliang Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Haitao Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jia'nan Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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Sadikan MZ, Abdul Nasir NA, Bakar NS, Iezhitsa I, Agarwal R. Tocotrienol-rich fraction reduces retinal inflammation and angiogenesis in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:179. [PMID: 37268913 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04005-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the second commonest microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is characterized by chronic inflammation and angiogenesis. Palm oil-derived tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF), a substance with anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic properties, may provide protection against DR development. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of TRF on retinal vascular and morphological changes in diabetic rats. The effects of TRF on the retinal expression of inflammatory and angiogenic markers were also studied in the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats weighing 200-250 g were grouped into normal rats (N) and diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg body weight) whereas N similarly received citrate buffer. STZ-injected rats with blood glucose of more than 20 mmol/L were considered diabetic and were divided into vehicle-treated (DV) and TRF-treated (DT) groups. N and DV received vehicle, whereas DT received TRF (100 mg/kg body weight) via oral gavage once daily for 12 weeks. Fundus images were captured at week 0 (baseline), week 6 and week 12 post-STZ induction to estimate vascular diameters. At the end of experimental period, rats were euthanized, and retinal tissues were collected for morphometric analysis and measurement of NFκB, phospho-NFκB (Ser536), HIF-1α using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Retinal inflammatory and angiogenic cytokines expression were measured by ELISA and real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS TRF preserved the retinal layer thickness (GCL, IPL, INL and OR; p < 0.05) and retinal venous diameter (p < 0.001). TRF also lowered the retinal NFκB activation (p < 0.05) as well as expressions of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, iNOS and MCP-1 (p < 0.05) compared to vehicle-treated diabetic rats. Moreover, TRF also reduced retinal expression of VEGF (p < 0.001), IGF-1 (p < 0.001) and HIF-1α (p < 0.05) compared to vehicle-treated rats with diabetes. CONCLUSION Oral TRF provided protection against retinal inflammation and angiogenesis in rats with STZ-induced diabetes by suppressing the expression of the markers of retinal inflammation and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zulfiqah Sadikan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Manipal University College Malaysia (MUCM), Bukit Baru, 75150, Melaka, Malaysia
- Centre for Neuroscience Research (NeuRon), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Alimah Abdul Nasir
- Centre for Neuroscience Research (NeuRon), Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Salmah Bakar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Igor Iezhitsa
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq. 1, Volgograd, 400131, Russia
| | - Renu Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Kang YH, Park SH, Sim YE, Oh MS, Suh HW, Lee JY, Lim SS. Highly water-soluble diacetyl chrysin ameliorates diabetes-associated renal fibrosis and retinal microvascular abnormality in db/db mice. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:421-437. [PMID: 37266111 PMCID: PMC10232202 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Chronic or intermittent hyperglycemia is associated with the development of diabetic complications. Oxidative stress and inflammation can be altered by hyperglycemia in diverse tissues, including kidneys and eyes, and play a pivotal role in diabetic complications. Our previous studies showed that the water-insoluble 5,7-dihydroxyflvone chrysin effectively combats diabetic damages incurred in diabetic kidneys and retinas. The current study employed the newly-synthesized 5.7-di-O-acetylchrysin, having higher solubility than chrysin, to compare the effects on diabetes-associated renal fibrosis and abnormal retinal neovascularization. MATERIALS/METHODS In the in vivo study, db/db mice as animal models of type 2 diabetes were orally administrated 10 mg/kg BW diacetylchrysin, daily for 10 weeks. RESULTS Unlike chrysin, oral administration of 10 mg/kg diacetylchrysin did not lower the blood glucose level and 24 h urine volume in db/db mice. Nevertheless, the urinary albumin excretion was markedly reduced. The administration of diacetylchrysin also diminished the deposition of collagen fibers in diabetic glomeruli and tubules by suppressing the induction of connective tissue growth factor and collagen IV in diabetic kidneys. Supplying diacetylchrysin enhanced the membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression reduced in diabetic kidneys, while the tissue inhibitor of MMP-2 induction was attenuated in diacetylchrysin-challenged diabetic kidneys. In addition, supplementing diacetylchrysin to diabetic mice ameliorated renal injury due to glomerulosclerosis and tubular interstitial fibrosis. Furthermore, the reduced retinal inductions of Zonula occludens-1 and vascular endothelial cadherin in db/db mice were elevated in the retinal tissues of diacetylchrysin-treated animals. Oral administration of diacetylchrysin curtailed the induction of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor 2 in db/db mice, ultimately retarding diabetes-associated retinal neovascularization. Additionally, the retinal formation of acellular capillaries with leaky vessels was reduced in diacetylchrysin-treated db/db mice. CONCLUSION Diacetylchrysin may act as a potent pro-health agent for treating renal fibrosis-associated diabetic nephropathy and retinal neovascularization-associated diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hee Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Sin-Hye Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Young Eun Sim
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Moon-Sik Oh
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Hong Won Suh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- FrontBio Inc., Chuncheon 24232, Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- FrontBio Inc., Chuncheon 24232, Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| | - Soon Sung Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition and Nutrition and Korean Institute of Nutrition, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- FrontBio Inc., Chuncheon 24232, Korea
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Yang Y, Zhou X, Jia G, Li T, Li Y, Zhao R, Wang Y. Network pharmacology based research into the effect and potential mechanism of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide against ulcerative colitis. Comput Biol Med 2023; 161:106999. [PMID: 37216777 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.106999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis (UC) as a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has received extensive concerns worldwide. As a traditional herbal medicine, Portulaca oleracea L. (POL) has a wide application in gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhea and dysentery. This study aims to investigate the target and potential mechanisms of Portulaca oleracea L. polysaccharide (POL-P) in the treatment of UC. METHOD The active ingredients and relevant targets of POL-P were searched through the TCMSP and Swiss Target Prediction databases. UC related targets were collected through the GeneCards and DisGeNET databases. The intersection of POL-P targets with UC targets was done using Venny. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of the intersection targets was constructed through the STRING database and analyzed using Cytohubba to identify the key targets of POL-P in the treatment of UC. In addition, GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed on the key targets and the binding mode of POL-P to the key targets was further analyzed by molecular docking technology. Finally, the efficacy and target of POL-P were verified using animal experiments and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS A total of 316 targets were obtained based on POL-P monosaccharide structures, among which 28 were related to UC. Cytohubba analysis showed that VEGFA, EGFR, TLR4, IL-1β, STAT3, IL-2, PTGS2, FGF2, HGF, and MMP9 were the key targets for UC treatment and were mainly involved in multiple signaling pathways such as proliferation, inflammation, and immune response. Molecular docking results revealed that POL-P had a good binding potential to TLR4. In vivo validation results showed that POL-P significantly reduced the overexpression of TLR4 and its downstream key proteins (MyD88 and NF-κB) in intestinal mucosa of UC mice, which indicated that POL-P improved UC by mediating TLR4 related proteins. CONCLUSION POL-P may be a potential therapeutic agent for UC and its mechanism is closely related to the regulation of TLR4 protein. This study will provide novel insights for the treatment of UC with POL-P.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China
| | - Xiechen Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China
| | - Guiyan Jia
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China
| | - Tao Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China
| | - Rui Zhao
- College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing High-Tech Industrial Development Zone, 163319, PR China.
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, PR China; National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319, PR China
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Andrés-Blasco I, Gallego-Martínez A, Machado X, Cruz-Espinosa J, Di Lauro S, Casaroli-Marano R, Alegre-Ituarte V, Arévalo JF, Pinazo-Durán MD. Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory, Angiogenic, and Apoptotic molecules in Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy and Diabetic Macular Edema Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098227. [PMID: 37175931 PMCID: PMC10179600 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate molecules involved in oxidative stress (OS), inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis, and discern which of these are more likely to be implicated in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME) by investigating the correlation between them in the plasma (PLS) and vitreous body (VIT), as well as examining data obtained from ophthalmological examinations. Type 2 diabetic (T2DM) patients with PDR/DME (PDRG/DMEG; n = 112) and non-DM subjects as the surrogate controls (SCG n = 48) were selected according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria and programming for vitrectomy, either due to having PDR/DME or macular hole (MH)/epiretinal membrane (ERM)/rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Blood samples were collected and processed to determine the glycemic profile, total cholesterol, and C reactive protein, as well as the malondialdehyde (MDA), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). In addition, interleukin 6 (IL6), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and caspase 3 (CAS3) were assayed. The VITs were collected and processed to measure the expression levels of all the abovementioned molecules. Statistical analyses were conducted using the R Core Team (2022) program, including group comparisons and correlation analyses. Compared with the SCG, our findings support the presence of molecules involved in OS, inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in the PLS and VIT samples from T2DM. In PLS from PDRG, there was a decrease in the antioxidant load (p < 0.001) and an increase in pro-angiogenic molecules (p < 0.001), but an increase in pro-oxidants (p < 0.001) and a decline in antioxidants (p < 0.001) intravitreally. In PLS from DMEG, pro-oxidants and pro-inflammatory molecules were augmented (p < 0.001) and the antioxidant capacity diminished (p < 0.001), but the pro-oxidants increased (p < 0.001) and antioxidants decreased (p < 0.001) intravitreally. Furthermore, we found a positive correlation between the PLS-CAT and the VIT-SOD levels (rho = 0.5; p < 0.01) in PDRG, and a negative correlation between the PSD-4HNE and the VIT-TAC levels (rho = 0.5; p < 0.01) in DMEG. Integrative data of retinal imaging variables showed a positive correlation between the central subfield foveal thickness (CSFT) and the VIT-SOD levels (rho = 0.5; p < 0.01), and a negative correlation between the CSFT and the VIT-4HNE levels (rho = 0.4; p < 0.01) in PDRG. In DMEG, the CSFT displayed a negative correlation with the VIT-CAT (rho = 0.5; p < 0.01). Exploring the relationship of the abovementioned potential biomarkers between PLS and VIT may help detecting early molecular changes in PDR/DME, which can be used to identify patients at high risk of progression, as well as to monitor therapeutic outcomes in the diabetic retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Andrés-Blasco
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Net of Inflammatory Diseases and Immunopathology of Organs and Systems (REI/RICORS), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alex Gallego-Martínez
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ximena Machado
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Salvatore Di Lauro
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Clinic Hospital, 47003 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Casaroli-Marano
- Spanish Net of Inflammatory Diseases and Immunopathology of Organs and Systems (REI/RICORS), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Pathology Research OFTARED, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinic Hospital, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Víctor Alegre-Ituarte
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Dr. Peset, 46017 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Fernando Arévalo
- Spanish Net of Inflammatory Diseases and Immunopathology of Organs and Systems (REI/RICORS), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Wilmer at Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MA 21224, USA
| | - María Dolores Pinazo-Durán
- Cellular and Molecular Ophthalmo-Biology Group, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Ophthalmic Research Unit "Santiago Grisolía"/FISABIO, 46017 Valencia, Spain
- Spanish Net of Inflammatory Diseases and Immunopathology of Organs and Systems (REI/RICORS), Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Net of Ophthalmic Pathology Research OFTARED, Institute of Health Carlos III, Ministry of Science and Innovation, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Huang H, Luo Y, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Li Z, He R, Chen X, Dong Z. Vaccinium as Potential Therapy for Diabetes and Microvascular Complications. Nutrients 2023; 15:2031. [PMID: 37432140 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the most critical global health concerns, with a fast-growing prevalence. The incidence of diabetic vascular complications is also rapidly increasing, exacerbating the burden on individuals with diabetes and the consumption of public medical resources. Despite the overall improvements in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diabetic microvascular complications in recent years, safe and effective alternative or adjunctive therapies are urgently needed. The mechanisms underlying diabetic vascular complications are complex, with hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and inflammation being the leading causes. Therefore, glycemic control, antioxidation, and anti-inflammation are considered the main targets for the treatment of diabetes and its vascular comorbidities. Vaccinium L. (Ericaceae) is a genus of plants enriched with polyphenolic compounds in their leaves and fruits. Vaccinium and its extracts have demonstrated good bioactivity in reducing blood glucose, oxidative stress, and inflammation, making them excellent candidates for the management of diabetes and diabetic vascular complications. Here, we review recent preclinical and clinical studies on the potential effect of Vaccinium on ameliorating diabetes and diabetic complications, particularly diabetic kidney disease and diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yayong Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qian Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Zhongxia Li
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Ruikun He
- BYHEALTH Institute of Nutrition & Health, No. 3 Kehui 3rd Street, No. 99 Kexue Avenue Central, Huangpu District, Guangzhou 510663, China
| | - Xiangmei Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zheyi Dong
- National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Research, First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Nephrology Institute of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China
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Xie Z, Wu XJ, Cheng RW, Cui JH, Yuan ST, Zhou JW, Liu QH. JP1, a polypeptide specifically targeting integrin αVβ3, ameliorates choroidal neovascularization and diabetic retinopathy in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:897-912. [PMID: 36280689 PMCID: PMC10043287 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-01005-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have revolutionized the treatment of neovascular eye diseases, but responses are incomplete in some patients. Recent evidence shows that integrins are involved in the pathogenesis of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. JP1, derived from an optimized seven-amino-acid fragment of JWA protein, is a polypeptide specifically targeting integrin αVβ3. In this study we evaluated the efficacy of JP1 on laser-induced choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and retinal vascular leakage. CNV mice received a single intravitreal (IVT) injection of JP1 (10, 20, 40 µg) or ranibizumab (RBZ, 10 µg). We showed that JP1 injection dose-dependently inhibited laser-induced CNV; the effect of RBZ was comparable to that of 20 µg JP1; a combined IVT injection of JP1 (20 μg) and RBZ (5 μg) exerted a synergistic effect on CNV. In the 3rd month after streptozotocin injection, diabetic mice receiving IVT injection of JP1 (40 µg) or RBZ (10 µg) once a week for 4 weeks showed significantly suppressed retinal vascular leakage. In both in vivo and in vitro experiments, JP1 counteracted oxidative stress and inflammation via inhibiting ROS/NF-κB signaling in microglial cells, and angiogenesis via modulating MEK1/2-SP1-integrin αVβ3 and TRIM25-SP1-MMP2 axes in vascular endothelial cells. In addition, intraperitoneal injection of JP1 (1, 5 or 10 mg) once every other day for 3 times also dose-dependently inhibited CNV. After intraperitoneal injection of FITC-labeled JP1 (FITC-JP1) or FITC in laser-induced CNV mice, the fluorescence intensity in the CNV lesion was markedly increased in FITC-JP1 group, compared with that in FITC group, confirming that JP1 could penetrate the blood-retinal barrier to target CNV lesion. We conclude that JP1 can be used to design novel CNV-targeting therapeutic agents that may replace current invasive intraocular injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xin-Jing Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui-Wen Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Jia-Hua Cui
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Song-Tao Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Jian-Wei Zhou
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology & Toxicology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China.
| | - Qing-Huai Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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Liao L, Chen J, Peng S. hsa_circ_0000047 targeting miR-6720-5p/CYB5R2 axis alleviates inflammation and angiogenesis in diabetic retinopathy. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023:1-9. [PMID: 36971486 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2023.2190055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Context: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as key regulators of DR development by regulating inflammation and angiogenesis.Objective: This study aimed to elucidate the function and mechanism of hsa_circ_0000047 in DR.Materials and methods: High glucose (HG) was used to induce human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRMECs) to construct a DR model in vitro. Qualitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blotting were used to detected the levels of hsa_circ_0000047, miR-6720-5p, and CYB5R2 in DR and HG-indeced hRMECs. Cell functional experiments were performed to detect the change of viability, inflammation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of HG-induced hRMECs. Besides, the correlation between miR-6720-5p and hsa_circ_0000047/CYB5R2 was confirmed by luciferase assay and Pearson correlation analysis.Results: hsa_circ_0000047 and CYB5R2 were downregulated in DR, whereas miR-6720-5p was upregulated in DR. Cell functional experiments showed that hsa_circ_0000047 overexpression restrained viability, inflammation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of HG-induced hRMECs. Regarding mechanism, hsa_circ_0000047 could sponge miR-6720-5p to regulate CYB5R2 expression in hRMECs. Additionally, CYB5R2 knockdown reversed the effects of hsa_circ_0000047 overexpression on HG-induced hRMECs.Conclusion: Our study revealed that hsa_circ_0000047 alleviated inflammation and angiogenesis in HG-induced hRMECs by targeting the miR-6720-5p/CYB5R2 axis, which may be a novel biomarker for DR therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinpeng Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China
| | - Sheng Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Kang EYC, Lin TY, Garg SJ, Wang NK, Chen LJ, Huang PW, Chan MJ, Chen KJ, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS. The Association of Intravitreal Injections of Different Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor with Systemic Outcomes in Diabetic Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:544. [PMID: 36983725 PMCID: PMC10057023 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the systemic effects of three commonly available anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections in patients with diabetes, using data taken from a multi-institutional database in Taiwan. Patient data were sourced from the multi-institutional Chang Gung Research Database. Participants were divided into groups based on treatment with bevacizumab, ranibizumab, or aflibercept. Baseline characteristics were matched among the groups by the inverse probability of treatment weighting. The incidence rate of outcome events was calculated as the number of events divided by 100 person-years of follow-up. The cumulative incidence function was used to estimate the incidence rate of the outcome events among groups. The incidence of ischemic stroke was higher in the ranibizumab group than the bevacizumab and aflibercept groups (1.65, 0.92, and 0.61 per 100 person-years, respectively). The incidence of major adverse lower-limb events was higher in the bevacizumab group (2.95), followed by ranibizumab (2.00) and aflibercept (0.74). Major bleeding was relatively higher in bevacizumab (12.1) compared to ranibizumab (4.3) and aflibercept (3.8). All-cause death was higher for both bevacizumab (3.26) and aflibercept (2.61) when compared to ranibizumab (0.55), and all-cause admission was found to be highest with bevacizumab (58.6), followed by aflibercept (30.2), and ranibizumab (27.6). The bevacizumab group demonstrated a greater decrease in glycated hemoglobin compared to the baseline level (-0.33%). However, a few differences in the clinical condition between the groups were still observed after matching. In conclusion, this study suggests that different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents may be associated with various and differing systemic adverse events. The differences might also be attributed to differences in patient characteristics and clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Sunir J. Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nan-Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lee-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wei Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Chan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 412, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen 361000, China
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BMP4 aggravates mitochondrial dysfunction of HRMECs. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13824. [PMID: 36895361 PMCID: PMC9988459 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are important places for the oxidative phosphorylation of glucose and the maintenance of cell oxidation and antioxidant stability. However, mitochondrial dysfunction causes cell dysfunction. Meanwhile, retinal vascular endothelial cell dysfunction may cause vascular inflammation, hemorrhage, angiogenesis, and other manifestations. Our previous studies have shown that Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is an important target for the treatment of retinal neovascularization, but the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, our study aims to observe the effects of BMP4 on vascular endothelial cells and hopes to provide a new target for diabetic retinopathy. 4-Hydroxynonenal (4HNE), a kind of lipid peroxide, was used to induce the oxidative stress model. Human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) were randomly divided into control, 4HNE, negative control, and siBMP4 groups. Si-BMP4 significantly reduced leukocyte adhesion and 4HNE-induced high ROS level and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential and OCR. This indicates that BMP4 plays an important role in inducing leukocyte adhesion, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The relationship between BMP4 and retinal vascular endothelial cell dysfunction is preliminarily confirmed by this study. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress may be involved in BMP4-mediated retinal vascular endothelial cell dysfunction.
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Cheng Y, Fan H, Liu K, Liu J, Zou H, You Z. TFEB attenuates hyperglycemia-induced retinal capillary endothelial cells injury via autophagy regulation. Cell Biol Int 2023; 47:1092-1105. [PMID: 36807611 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.12002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. The maintenance of retinal capillary endothelial cell homeostasis requires a complete and unobtrusive flow of autophagy because it may help combat the inflammatory response, apoptosis, and oxidative stress damage of cells in diabetes mellitus. The transcription factor EB is a master regulator of autophagy and lysosomal biogenesis, but its role in diabetic retinopathy remains unknown. This study aimed to confirm the involvement of transcription factor EB in diabetic retinopathy and explore the role of transcription factor EB in hyperglycemia-linked endothelial injury in vitro. First, the expression levels, including the nuclear location of transcription factor EB and autophagy, were reduced in diabetic retinal tissues and high glucose-treated human retinal capillary endothelial cells. Subsequently, autophagy was mediated by transcription factor EB in vitro. Moreover, transcription factor EB overexpression reversed high glucose-induced autophagy inhibition and lysosomal dysfunction and protected human retinal capillary endothelial cells from inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress damage caused by high glucose treatment. Additionally, under high-glucose stimulation, the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine attenuated transcription factor EB overexpression-mediated protection, and the autophagy agonist Torin1 rescued transcription factor EB knockdown-induced damage effects. Taken together, these results suggest that transcription factor EB is involved in the development of diabetic retinopathy. In addition, transcription factor EB protects human retinal capillary endothelial cells from high glucose-induced endothelial damage via autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Cheng
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Kangcheng Liu
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingying Liu
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Zou
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhipeng You
- Jiangxi Province Division of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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47
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Jiang L, Peng L, Zhou Y, Chen G, Zhao B, Li M, Li X. Do intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents lead to renal adverse events? A pharmacovigilance real-world study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1100397. [PMID: 36865057 PMCID: PMC9972674 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1100397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intravitreal vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) blockade is essential in many macular edema diseases treatment. However, intravitreal VEGF treatment has been reported to lead to deteriorated proteinuria and renal function. This study aimed to explore the relationship between renal adverse events (AEs) and the intravitreal use of VEGF inhibitors. Method In the FDA's Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, we searched for renal AEs of patients receiving various anti-VEGF drugs. We performed statistics on renal AEs in patients treated with Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Brolucizumab (from January 2004 to September 2022) using disproportionate and Bayesian analysis. We also investigated the time to onset, fatality, and hospitalization rates of renal AEs. Results We identified 80 reports. Renal AEs were most frequently associated with Ranibizumab (46.25%) and Aflibercept (42.50%). However, the association between intravitreal anti-VEGFs and renal AEs was insignificant since the reporting odds ratio of Aflibercept, Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, and Brolucizumab were 0.23 (0.16, 0.32), 0.24 (0.11, 0.49), 0.37 (0.27, 0.51) and 0.15 (0.04, 0.61), respectively. The median time to renal AEs onsets was 37.5 (interquartile range 11.0-107.3) days. The hospitalization and fatality rates in patients who developed renal AEs were 40.24 and 9.76%, respectively. Conclusion There are no clear signals for the risk of renal AEs following various intravitreal anti-VEGF drugs based on FARES data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Jiang
- Pharmacy Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liying Peng
- Nephrology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yangzhong Zhou
- Nephrology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Nephrology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Gang Chen, ✉
| | - Bin Zhao
- Pharmacy Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingxi Li
- Nephrology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Nephrology Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Lin N, Lu H, Cheng X, Zhao Y, Wan Q, Luo Y, Miao Y, Bai X, Liu D, Wang C. Association between the interleukin-1B polymorphism at rs16944 T>C and diabetic retinopathy. Int J Immunogenet 2023; 50:34-40. [PMID: 36335222 DOI: 10.1111/iji.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness at working age. DR is considered to be a chronic low-grade inflammatory subclinical disease, and its pathogenesis is related to genetic and environmental factors. Interleukin (IL)-1 is an important inflammatory cytokine. An association between DR and the rs16944 (IL-1B-511) T>C gene polymorphism has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the rs16944 T>C gene polymorphism and DR in the Han population in southwest China. Participants in this study were 272 patients with DR, 274 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and 335 healthy controls (NC). The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to detect the rs16944 T>C genotype of participants. The distribution frequencies of the rs16944 T>C genotype and allele were significantly different among the three groups (p < .05). The distribution frequency of TT, CT, CC genotype (χ2 = 9.893, p = .007; χ2 = 6.567, p = .037) and each allele (χ2 = 5.585, p = .018; χ2 = 9.187, p = .002) in the DR group was significantly different from the NC and T2DM groups, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that the TT + CT genotype was a risk factor for DR, with an odds ratio of 1.731 (95% confidence interval 1.140-2.627, p = .01). The rs16944 T>C gene polymorphism may be associated with DR, and the TT+CT genotype may increase the risk of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengbo Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Luzhou People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Luzhou People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaoling Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ya Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Chengdu Pidu District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Luzhou People's Hospital, Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Miao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Pengzhou People's Hospital, Pengzhou, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the Neijiang First People's Hospital, Neijiang, China
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Wang W, Sun G, Xu A, Chen C. Proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema are two factors that increase macrophage-like cell density characterized by en face optical coherence tomography. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:46. [PMID: 36726090 PMCID: PMC9890872 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-02794-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage-like cells (MLCs) located at the ILM were observed in live human retinas using adaptive optics optical coherence tomography (OCT) as well as clinically-used OCT. The study aimed to quantitatively analyzing MLCs at the vitreoretinal interface (VRI) in diabetic retinopathy (DR) using en face OCT and swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA). METHODS 190 DR eyes were included in the study, with 70 proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) eyes and 120 non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) eyes. Sixty-three eyes from normal subjects were included as controls. MLCs were visualized in a 5 μm en face OCT slab above the VRI centered on the fovea. Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to compare the OCTA parameters and the MLC parameters among groups. We evaluated the MLC density among groups on binarized images after image processing. We also investigated the relationship between MLC density and other OCT parameters including retina thickness and vessel density (VD). RESULTS The MLC density significantly increased in PDR eyes (PDR vs. NPDR, 8.97 (8.40) cells/mm2 vs.6.14 (8.78) cells/mm2, P = 0.013; PDR vs. normal, 8.97 (8.40) cells/mm2vs. 6.48 (6.71) cells/mm2, P = 0.027) and diabetic macular edema (DME) eyes (DME vs. without DME, 8.94 (8.26) vs.6.09 (9.00), P = 0.005). After adjusting for age and gender, MLC density in NPDR eyes negatively correlated to VD of deep capillary plexus (DCP) (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS SS-OCTA is a non-invasive and simple method for the characterization of MLCs at the VRI. PDR and DME are two factors that increase MLC density. MLC density also correlated with VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Wang
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Gongpeng Sun
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Amin Xu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Changzheng Chen
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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50
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Network pharmacology study of the mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of Zhujing pill and its main component oleanolic acid against diabetic retinopathy. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232265. [PMID: 36714956 PMCID: PMC9894013 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of blindness in the working population worldwide, with few effective drugs available for its treatment in the early stages. The Zhujing pill (ZJP) is well-established to enhance the early symptoms of DR, but the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect remains unclear. In the present study, we used systems biology and multidirectional pharmacology to screen the main active ingredients of ZJP and retrieved DrugBank and Genecards databases to obtain 'drug-disease' common targets. Using bioinformatics analysis, we obtained the core targets, and potential mechanisms of action of ZJP and its main components for the treatment of DR. Molecular docking was used to predict the binding sites and the binding affinity of the main active ingredients to the core targets. The predicted mechanism was verified in animal experiments. We found that the main active ingredient of ZJP was oleanolic acid, and 63 common 'drug-disease' targets were identified. Topological analysis and cluster analysis based on the protein-protein interaction network of the Metascape database screened the core targets as PRKCA, etc. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that these core targets were significantly enriched in the pro-angiogenic pathway of the VEGF signaling pathway. Molecular docking and surface plasmon resonance revealed that ZJP and its main active component, oleanolic acid had the highest binding affinity with PKC-α, the core target of the VEGF signaling pathway. Animal experiments validated that ZJP and oleanolic acid could improve DR.
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