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Kang EYC, Shen CR, Huang XC, Kang CY, Lin TY, Hong WH, Yang LY, Wu WC, Hwang YS. Noncontact optical device for measuring blood glucose in aqueous humor: a pilot clinical study investigating correlation with blood glucose levels. J Biomed Opt 2024; 29:047001. [PMID: 38638839 PMCID: PMC11025639 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.29.4.047001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Significance Monitoring blood glucose levels is crucial for individuals with diabetes. Noninvasive methods for measuring serum glucose levels have been explored to aid in blood glucose control for diabetes management. Aim We introduced a noncontact optical glucometer (NCGM) for measuring glucose levels in the aqueous humor of the human eye. We also investigated the correlation between glucose levels in the NCGM and the aqueous humor, blood samples, and self-monitoring blood glucose devices. Approach The optical system used in this study measured both the near-infrared absorption and polarized rotatory distribution of glucose molecules in the human aqueous humor. This prospective study's outcomes were eye aqueous glucose level, preoperative blood glucose level, intraoperative blood glucose level, and NCGM reading of patients in a single center in Taiwan. Results The NCGM's measurements showed a strong correlation with blood glucose levels (intra-class correlation [ICC]: 0.95 to 0.98) and aqueous humor glucose levels (ICC: 0.76), indicating its ability to noninvasively measure blood glucose levels in human subjects. Conclusions This NCGM may offer a convenient, pain-free, and rapid tool for measuring blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The device could represent a significant advancement in noncontact hybrid optical glucose measurement systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Department of Ophthalmology, New York, United States
| | - Chia-Rui Shen
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Xin-Cheng Huang
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ya Kang
- Taipei Medical University Hospital, Department of Education, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsin Hong
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Yan Yang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Clinical Trial Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Department of Ophthalmology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen, China
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Kang EYC, Shao SC, Chang KC, Garg SJ, Lin TY, Chen KJ, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS, Lai ECC. Real-world effectiveness of intravitreal dexamethasone implants - Comparison between eyes eligible and ineligible for clinical trials and their associated outcomes. Biomed J 2024; 47:100607. [PMID: 37196877 PMCID: PMC10826172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.100607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns about the generalizability of pivotal randomized controlled trials (pRCTs) findings have been raised. We aimed to compare intravitreal dexamethasone implants' (IDIs) effectiveness for diabetic macular edema (DME) and central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO), between eyes eligible and ineligible for pRCTs. METHODS This retrospective cohort study analyzed Taiwan's Chang Gung Research Database, including DME or CRVO eyes initiating IDIs during 2015-2020. We classified all treated eyes as eligible or ineligible for pRCTs following major selection criteria of the MEAD and GENEVA trials, and evaluated three-, six-, and twelve-month changes in central retinal thickness (CRT) and visual acuity (VA) after initiating IDIs. RESULTS We included 177 IDI-treated eyes (DME: 72.3%; CRVO: 27.7%), of which 39.8% and 55.1% were ineligible for DME and CRVO pRCTs, respectively. LogMAR-VA and CRT changes at different times were comparable in DME eyes eligible (LogMAR-VA difference: 0.11 to 0.16; CRT difference: -32.7 to -96.9 μm) and ineligible (LogMAR-VA difference: -0.01 to 0.15; CRT difference: -54.5 to -109.3 μm) for the MEAD trial. By contrast, CRVO eyes ineligible for the GENEVA trial had greater LogMAR-VA changes (0.37 ~ 0.50) than those eligible (0.05 ~ 0.13), with comparable CRT reductions (eligible eyes: -72.3 to -106.4 μm; ineligible eyes: -61.8 to -110.7 μm) (all p-values <0.05 of the mean differences between eligible and ineligible CRVO eyes for all follow-ups). CONCLUSIONS IDIs had similar VA and CRT outcomes among DME eyes, regardless of pRCT-eligibility. However, among CRVO eyes, those ineligible for pRCTs showed greater deterioration in VA than those eligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Cheng Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; Department of Pharmacy, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Sunir J Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Lin TY, Kang EYC, Shao SC, Lai ECC, Wang NK, Garg SJ, Chen KJ, Kang JH, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS. Association of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and the risk of retinal vascular occlusion: A real-world retrospective cohort study in Taiwan. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2024; 40:e3773. [PMID: 38598767 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are proposed to alleviate the development of inflammatory eye diseases. However, the association between SGLT2i and retinal vascular occlusion remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effects of SGLT2i on the incidence of retinal vascular occlusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study analysed electronic medical records data from the largest multi-institutional database in Taiwan. Individuals who initiated SGLT2is and dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP4is) between 2016 and 2019 were included in our analysis. To conduct a homogenous comparison, inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity scoring was employed. The primary outcome was retinal vascular occlusion, and the secondary outcomes were retinal vascular occlusion-related complications (macular oedema, vitreous haemorrhage, and tractional retinal detachment) and conditions requiring vitreoretinal intervention (intravitreal injection, retinal laser therapy, and vitrectomy). RESULTS In total, 12,074 SGLT2i users and 39,318 DPP4i users were included. The incidence rate of retinal vascular occlusion in the SGLT2i and DPP4i groups was 1.2 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9-1.4) and 1.6 (95% CI, 1.3-1.8) events per 1000 person-years, respectively, which yielded a subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.55-0.99). Similar risk reductions were observed in the retinal vascular occlusion-related complications (SHR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.69-0.84) and conditions requiring vitreoretinal intervention (SHR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.94). CONCLUSIONS In this multi-institutional study in Taiwan, SGLT2i use was associated with a reduced risk of retinal vascular occlusion. Further prospective studies are required to ascertain this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sunir J Garg
- Mid Atlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ho Kang
- Department of Nephrology, Yang Ming Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, China
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Lin TY, Wu PL, Kang EYC, Chi YC, Jenny LA, Lin PH, Lee CY, Liu CH, Liu L, Yeh LK, Chen KJ, Hwang YS, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hsiao MC, Liu PK, Wang NK. Clinical Characteristics and Genetic Variants in Taiwanese Patients With PROM1-Related Inherited Retinal Disorders. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2023; 64:25. [PMID: 37975849 PMCID: PMC10664721 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.64.14.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the clinical characteristics of patients with PROM1-related inherited retinal diseases (IRDs). Methods Patients diagnosed with IRDs who had mutations in PROM1 were identified at Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital in Taiwan. Information on clinical characteristics and best-corrected visual acuity was recorded. Color fundus (CF) images, fundus autofluorescence photography (FAF), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), and electroretinograms (ERGs) were analyzed to examine patient phenotypes. PROM1 variants were detected using whole exome sequencing and verified by Sanger sequencing. Results Fourteen patients from nine families with PROM1-related IRDs were analyzed. Most patients exhibited chorioretinal atrophy in the macular area, with or without extramacular involvement on CF. Similarly, hypo-autofluorescence confined to the macular area, with or without extramacular involvement, was present for most patients on FAF. Furthermore, SD-OCT revealed outer retinal tubulations and focal or diffuse retinal thinning. ERGs showed variable findings, including maculopathy with normal ERG, subnormal cone response, and extinguished rod and cone responses. We detected five variants of the PROM1 gene, including c.139del, c.794del, c.1238T>A, c.2110C>T, and c.1117C>T. Conclusions In this study, we evaluated 14 Taiwanese patients with five PROM1 variants. Additionally, incomplete penetrance of heterozygous PROM1 variants was observed. Furthermore, patients with autosomal dominant PROM1 variants had lesions in the macular area and the peripheral region of the retina. SD-OCT serves as a useful tool for early detection of PROM1-related IRDs, as it captures certain signs of such diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Liang Wu
- College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Laura A. Jenny
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
| | - Pei-Hsuan Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ying Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsiu Liu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Laura Liu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Kun Yeh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chang Hsiao
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Pei-Kang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Kai Wang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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Lin TY, Kang EYC, Shao SC, Lai ECC, Hwang YS. Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (Diabetes Metab J 2023;47:394-404). Diabetes Metab J 2023; 47:573-574. [PMID: 37533200 PMCID: PMC10404523 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2023.0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin TY, Hsieh YT, Garg SJ, Chen LJ, Chen KJ, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS, Kang EYC. Systemic Outcomes of Intravitreal Injections of Dexamethasone and Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1127-1140. [PMID: 36729247 PMCID: PMC10011242 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00659-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Intravitreal dexamethasone and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) medications have revolutionized ocular disease management and favorable ocular safety profiles, but few studies have compared their systemic adverse events (SAEs). This study investigated the SAEs of intravitreal dexamethasone and anti-VEGFs by using real-world data. METHODS This retrospective cohort study sourced medical records from the largest multi-institutional database in Taiwan. Patients who received intravitreal dexamethasone (n = 137) or anti-VEGFs (n = 10,345) between 2014 and 2019 were enrolled. Propensity score matching was performed to achieve homogeneity between the two groups. Subdistribution hazard ratios (SHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the Fine-Gray model. Systemic as well as ocular clinical events and systemic biomarkers after 1-year follow-up were compared. RESULTS Both groups demonstrated comparable risks of major cardiac adverse events (SHR 1.57, 95% CI 0.29-8.55), heart failure (SHR 0.62, 95% CI 0.07-5.33), major bleeding (SHR 0.23, 95% CI 0.03-1.77), all-cause admission (SHR 0.73, 95% CI 0.41-1.30), and all-cause death (SHR 2.11, 95% CI 0.35-12.71). There were no significant differences in longitudinal changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycated hemoglobin, low-density lipoprotein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, or alanine aminotransferase between the groups. Both groups had a similar incidence of cataract surgery. Although the dexamethasone group exhibited a relatively high prevalence of antiglaucomatous medication use, there was not a significantly higher incidence of glaucoma surgery. CONCLUSION Intravitreal dexamethasone and anti-VEGF medications had comparable systemic safety profiles in our study. Both drugs represent efficacious and safe therapies for ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hsieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sunir J Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Lee-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu Shin St., Kuei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu Shin St., Kuei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu Shin St., Kuei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen, China.
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Ophthalmology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 5, Fu Shin St., Kuei-Shan, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Lin TY, Wang CY, Wang FY, Kang EYC, Hwang YS. Association between Dupilumab and Conjunctivitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041031. [PMID: 37111517 PMCID: PMC10145140 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Conjunctivitis is commonly reported in dupilumab users with atopic dermatitis (AD), and few studies have compared the risk of conjunctivitis among patients with different indications. This study aimed to investigate the association between dupilumab and conjunctivitis in various diseases. The protocol of this study was registered on PROSPERO (ID CRD42023396204). The electronic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted for the period from their inception to January 2023. Only placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were included. The main outcome was the incidence of conjunctivitis during the study period. The subgroup analysis was performed for patients with AD and non-AD indications, which include asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and eosinophilic esophagitis. In total, 23 RCTs involving 9153 patients were included for meta-analysis. Dupilumab users exhibited significantly higher risk of conjunctivitis (risk ratio [RR], 1.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34–2.67) than placebo users. Notably, significantly increased incidence of conjunctivitis was observed in the dupilumab group relative to the placebo group among patients with AD (RR, 2.43; 95% CI, 1.84–3.12) but not among patients with non-AD indications (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.43–1.13). In conclusion, only dupilumab users with AD but not those with non-AD indications reported an elevated incidence of conjunctivitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ya Wang
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Ying Wang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 412, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen 361000, China
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Kang EYC, Lin TY, Garg SJ, Wang NK, Chen LJ, Huang PW, Chan MJ, Chen KJ, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS. The Association of Intravitreal Injections of Different Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor with Systemic Outcomes in Diabetic Patients. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13030544. [PMID: 36983725 PMCID: PMC10057023 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13030544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the systemic effects of three commonly available anti-vascular endothelial growth factor intravitreal injections in patients with diabetes, using data taken from a multi-institutional database in Taiwan. Patient data were sourced from the multi-institutional Chang Gung Research Database. Participants were divided into groups based on treatment with bevacizumab, ranibizumab, or aflibercept. Baseline characteristics were matched among the groups by the inverse probability of treatment weighting. The incidence rate of outcome events was calculated as the number of events divided by 100 person-years of follow-up. The cumulative incidence function was used to estimate the incidence rate of the outcome events among groups. The incidence of ischemic stroke was higher in the ranibizumab group than the bevacizumab and aflibercept groups (1.65, 0.92, and 0.61 per 100 person-years, respectively). The incidence of major adverse lower-limb events was higher in the bevacizumab group (2.95), followed by ranibizumab (2.00) and aflibercept (0.74). Major bleeding was relatively higher in bevacizumab (12.1) compared to ranibizumab (4.3) and aflibercept (3.8). All-cause death was higher for both bevacizumab (3.26) and aflibercept (2.61) when compared to ranibizumab (0.55), and all-cause admission was found to be highest with bevacizumab (58.6), followed by aflibercept (30.2), and ranibizumab (27.6). The bevacizumab group demonstrated a greater decrease in glycated hemoglobin compared to the baseline level (−0.33%). However, a few differences in the clinical condition between the groups were still observed after matching. In conclusion, this study suggests that different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents may be associated with various and differing systemic adverse events. The differences might also be attributed to differences in patient characteristics and clinical status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Sunir J. Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Nan-Kai Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Lee-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 104, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Wei Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Chan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Kidney Research Center, Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung 412, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Xiamen Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Xiamen 361000, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 8666)
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Lin TY, Kang EYC, Shao SC, Lai ECC, Garg SJ, Chen KJ, Kang JH, Wu WC, Lai CC, Hwang YS. Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy between Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists. Diabetes Metab J 2023:dmj.2022.0221. [PMID: 36872060 PMCID: PMC10244193 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2022.0221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To compare risk of diabetic retinopathy (DR) between patients taking sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) and those taking glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) in routine care. METHODS This retrospective cohort study emulating a target trial included patient data from the multi-institutional Chang Gung Research Database in Taiwan. Totally, 33,021 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus using SGLT2is and GLP1-RAs between 2016 and 2019 were identified. 3,249 patients were excluded due to missing demographics, age <40 years, prior use of any study drug, a diagnosis of retinal disorders, a history of receiving vitreoretinal procedure, no baseline glycosylated hemoglobin, or no follow-up data. Baseline characteristics were balanced using inverse probability of treatment weighting with propensity scores. DR diagnoses and vitreoretinal interventions served as the primary outcomes. Occurrence of proliferative DR and DR receiving vitreoretinal interventions were regarded as vision-threatening DR. RESULTS There were 21,491 SGLT2i and 1,887 GLP1-RA users included for the analysis. Patients receiving SGLT2is and GLP-1 RAs exhibited comparable rate of any DR (subdistribution hazard ratio [SHR], 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79 to 1.03), whereas the rate of proliferative DR (SHR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.68) was significantly lower in the SGLT2i group. Also, SGLT2i users showed significantly reduced risk of composite surgical outcome (SHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.48 to 0.70). CONCLUSION Compared to those taking GLP1-RAs, patients receiving SGLT2is had a lower risk of proliferative DR and vitreoretinal interventions, although the rate of any DR was comparable between the SGLT2i and GLP1-RA groups. Thus, SGLT2is may be associated with a lower risk of vision-threatening DR but not DR development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Education, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chieh Shao
- Department of Pharmacy, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sunir J Garg
- MidAtlantic Retina, The Retina Service of Wills Eye Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kuan-Jen Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Je-Ho Kang
- Department of Nephrology, Yang Ming Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chi Wu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chun Lai
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Shiou Hwang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jen-Ai Hospital Dali Branch, Taichung, Taiwan
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Lin TY, Lee YL, Wu KL, Yang MC, Huang CN, Fu CM, Huang LM, Chang LY, Lin MT, Liu HH. Cross-protective humoral immunity to coronaviruses from SARS coronavirus 2-naïve sera of children with Kawasaki disease. Clin Microbiol Infect 2023; 29:257.e1-257.e5. [PMID: 36191846 PMCID: PMC9525189 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2022.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-associated multi-system inflammatory syndrome in children indicates that viruses can trigger a Kawasaki disease (KD)-like hyperinflammation. A plausible hypothesis was that coronavirus-specific 'holes' in humoral immunity could cause both diseases. METHODS To determine whether SARS-CoV-2-naïve patients with KD have inferior humoral immunity for the novel coronavirus, sera of children with KD and control children from year 2015 to 2021 were subjected to ELISA, microwestern, and neutralization assays to evaluate the capabilities in recognizing the receptor-binding domain of SARS-CoV-2, spotting spike proteins of three respiratory syndromic coronaviruses, and blocking SARS-CoV-2 from binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors in vitro, respectively. RESULTS 29 patients with KD before 2019, 74 patients with KD in 2019 or 2020, 54 non-febrile controls, and 24 febrile controls were included in the study. SARS-CoV-2 was recognized on ELISA for both patients with KD in 2016 and those with KD in 2020. Microwestern demonstrated cross-reactive IgG in an all-or-none manner towards three spike proteins of syndromic coronaviruses regardless of sample year or KD status. The ratio between the sera that recognized all spike proteins and those that recognized none (51 vs. 47) was significantly higher from patients with KD than from non-febrile controls (17 vs. 32; p 0.047) but not from febrile controls (13 vs. 11; p 0.85). Most positive sera (12 of 17 controls, 5 of 8 patients with KD before 2019, and 28 of 33 patients with KD in 2019 or 2020) offered protection comparable to low-titre sera from the WHO reference panel. DISCUSSION Humoral immunity of SARS-CoV-2-naïve children with KD was not inferior to that of controls in offering cross-protection against the novel coronavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Lin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Lang Wu
- Pediatric Cardiology, Changhua Christian Children's Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, E-DA Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Nan Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, Heping-Fuyou Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Min Fu
- Department of Paediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ming Huang
- Department of Paediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Luan-Yin Chang
- Department of Paediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tai Lin
- Department of Paediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Hsing Liu
- Institute of Molecular and Genomic Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan Town, Miaoli County, Taiwan; Paediatrics, En Chu Kong Hospital, Sanxia District, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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11
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Lin W, Teng SW, Lin TY, Lovel R, Sung HY, Chang WY, Wu TBC, Chen HY, Wang LM, Shaw SW. Combinatorial Analysis of Circulating Biomarkers and Maternal Characteristics for Preeclampsia Prediction in the First and Third Trimesters in Asia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12071533. [PMID: 35885439 PMCID: PMC9320107 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12071533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to establish a prediction model for pregnancy outcomes through a combinatorial analysis of circulating biomarkers and maternal characteristics to effectively identify pregnant women with higher risks of preeclampsia in the first and third trimesters within the Asian population. A total of two hundred and twelve pregnant women were screened for preeclampsia through a multicenter study conducted in four recruiting centers in Taiwan from 2017 to 2020. In addition, serum levels of sFlt-1/PlGF ratio, miR-181a, miR-210 and miR-223 were measured and transformed into multiples of the median. We thus further developed statistically validated algorithmic models by designing combinations of different maternal characteristics and biomarker levels. Through the performance of the training cohort (0.848 AUC, 0.73−0.96 95% CI, 80% sensitivity, 85% specificity, p < 0.001) and the validation cohort (0.852 AUC, 0.74−0.98 95% CI, 75% sensitivity, 87% specificity, p < 0.001) from one hundred and fifty-two women with a combination of miR-210, miR-181a and BMI, we established a preeclampsia prediction model for the first trimester. We successfully identified pregnant women with higher risks of preeclampsia in the first and third trimesters in the Asian population using the established prediction models that utilized combinatorial analysis of circulating biomarkers and maternal characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willie Lin
- Meridigen Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (W.L.); (T.B.-C.W.)
| | - Sen-Wen Teng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei 231, Taiwan;
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
| | - Ronald Lovel
- Meribank Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (R.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (W.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Hsin-Yu Sung
- Meribank Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (R.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (W.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Wen-Ying Chang
- Meribank Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (R.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (W.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Tang Bo-Chung Wu
- Meridigen Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (W.L.); (T.B.-C.W.)
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Meribank Biotech Co., Ltd., Taipei 114, Taiwan; (R.L.); (H.-Y.S.); (W.-Y.C.); (H.-Y.C.)
| | - Le-Ming Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei 116, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Steven W. Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 199, Dun-Hua North Road, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-3281200 (ext. 8251); Fax: +886-3-3288252
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12
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Fu TY, Wang SH, Lin TY, Shen PC, Chang SC, Lin YH, Chou CJ, Yu YH, Yang KT, Huang CW, Shaw SW, Peng SY. The Exploration of miRNAs From Porcine Fallopian Tube Stem Cells on Porcine Oocytes. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:869217. [PMID: 35615247 PMCID: PMC9125035 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.869217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fallopian tube is essential to fertilization and embryonic development. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from Fallopian tube containing biological regulatory factors, such as lipids, proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) serve as the key role. At present, studies on oocytes from porcine oviduct and components from EVs remain limited. We aim to explore the effect of EVs secreted by porcine fallopian tube stem cells (PFTSCs) on oocyte. When the fifth-generation PFTSCs reached 80–90% of confluency, the pig in vitro maturation medium was utilized, and the conditioned medium collected for oocyte incubations. To realize the functions of EVs, several proteins were used to determine whether extracted EVs were cell-free. Field emission scanning electron microscope and nanoparticle tracking analyzer were used to observe the morphology. By next generation sequencing, 267 miRNAs were identified, and those with higher expression were selected to analyze the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment maps. The selected miR-152-3p, miR-148a-3p, miR-320a-3p, let-7f-5p, and miR-22-3p, were predicted to target Cepb1 gene affecting MAPK pathway. Of the five miRNAs, miR-320a-3p showed significant difference in maturation rate in vitro maturation. The blastocyst rate of pig embryos was also significantly enhanced by adding 50 nM miR-320a-3p. In vitro culture with miR-320a-3p, the blastocyst rate was significantly higher, but the cleavage rate and cell numbers were not. The CM of PFTSCs effectively improves porcine oocyte development. The miRNAs in EVs are sequenced and identified. miR-320a-3p not only helps the maturation, but also increases the blastocyst rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yen Fu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsuan Wang
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Chih Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsiang Yu
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, National Ilan University, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Yang
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Wei Huang
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Steven W. Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Steven W. Shaw
| | - Shao-Yu Peng
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
- Shao-Yu Peng
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13
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Chao CH, Yeh YH, Chen YM, Lee KH, Wang SH, Lin TY. Sire pedigree error estimation and sire verification of the Taiwan dairy cattle population by using SNP markers. Pol J Vet Sci 2022; 25:61-65. [PMID: 35575992 DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.140841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Information regarding the correct pedigree of and relationship between animals is useful for managing dairy breeding, reducing inbreeding, estimating breeding value, and establishing correct breeding programs. Additionally, the successful implementation of progeny testing is crucial for improving the genetics of dairy cattle, which depends on the availability of correct pedigree information. Incorrect pedigree information leads to bias in bull evaluation. In this study, Neogen GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 50K SNP chips were used to identify and verify the sire of Taiwanese Holstein dairy cattle and analyze the reasons that lead to incorrect sire records. Samples were collected from 2,059 cows of 36 dairy farms, and the pedigree information was provided by breeders. The results of sire verification can be divided into three categories: submitted unconfirmed sire, submitted confirmed sire, and incorrectly submitted verified sire. Data on the sires of 1,323 (64.25%) and 572 (27.78%) dairy cows were verified and discovered, respectively. Sires of 1,895 (92.03%) dairy cattle were identified, which showed that the paternal pedigree of dairy cattle could be discovered and verified through genetic testing. An error-like analysis revealed that the data of 37 sires were incorrectly recorded because the bull's NAAB code number was incorrectly entered into the insemination records: for 19 sires, the wrong bull was recorded because the frozen semen of a bull placed in the wrong storage tank was used, 6 had no sire records, and for 12 sires, the NAAB code of the correct bull was recorded but with a wrong stud code, marketing code, or unique number for the stud or breed. To reduce recorded sire error rates by at least 27.78%, automated identification of the mated bull must be adopted to reduce human error and improve dairy breeding management on dairy farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C H Chao
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y H Yeh
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Y M Chen
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - K H Lee
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - S H Wang
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - T Y Lin
- Hsinchu Branch, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, 207-5, Bi-tou-mian, Wu-hoo village, Si-hoo Township, Miaoli County, Taiwan
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14
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Lin TY, Leu HB. Association of Body mass index and clinical outcomes in patient with coronary artery disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Most of the world"s population lives in countries in which overweight status and obesity issues cause more morbidity and mortality than underweight status. Mortality increased as BMI increased above 25 kg/m², and the lowest mortality existed in a population with ideal body weight. Recently, the BMI or obesity paradox was widely discussed. The lower future risk was observed in these overweight subjects, not normal weight or lower BMI population, in patients with cardiovascular disease.
Purpose
The association of body weight and adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease, undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), has not yet been clearly established. The purpose of our study was to investigate the outcome of patients undergoing PCI, stratified by body mass index (BMI).
Methods
Moreover, 5,427 patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled while undergoing successful PCI from 2005 to 2015. The primary outcome, or total cardiovascular (CV) events, was the composite of cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, stroke, and hospitalization for congestive heart failure (CHF).
Results
During an average 65.06 ± 32.1 month follow-up, there were 573 total cardiovascular (CV) events (18.95%), 315 major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (10.42%), 105 cardiac deaths (3.47%), 169 acute myocardial infarction (MI) (5.59%), 69 ischemic strokes (CVAs) (2.28%), 314 heart failure hospitalizations (10.39%) recorded. There was a "J-shape" curve association between BMI and future adverse events. Being overweight (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m²) was associated with significantly lower risk of future total CV events (HR: 084, 95% CI:0.72-0.98), MACEs (0.76, 95% CI:0.63-0.93), acute MIs (0.76, 95%CI:0.58-1.00), and CVAs (HR:0.61, 95%CI:0.39-0.95).
Conclusion
A J-shape relationship exists between baseline BMI and future adverse events in CAD patients undergoing PCI, with the overweight (BMI = 25-29.9 kg/m²) group associated with the lowest risk of total CV events.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Y Lin
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H B Leu
- Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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15
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Sung CA, Lin TY, Lee HN, Chan KS, Hung TH, Shaw SW. Maternal outcome of selective feticide due to fetal anomaly in late trimester: A retrospective 10 years' experience in Taiwan. J Chin Med Assoc 2022; 85:212-215. [PMID: 34412066 DOI: 10.1097/jcma.0000000000000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feticide was suggested to avoid delivering children with abnormalities. Recently, twin pregnancies have increased. Selective feticide was proposed to achieve a good outcome of pregnancy. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of feticide in twin pregnancy with fetal anomaly. METHODS This was a retrospective study enrolled from 2009 to 2018. A total of 68 pregnancies with fetal anomalies received feticide. Potassium chloride was injected into the left ventricle to induce fetal asystole. Maternal and fetal characteristics of 16 dichorionic twins were documented to compare before and after 24th gestational week. RESULTS All pregnant women received feticide without any maternal or fetal complication. The reasons for choosing feticide were divided into four groups, including morphologic defect (61.8%), genetic-chromosomal abnormality (30.9%), obstetrical complication (5.9%), and maternal request (1.5%). Mean gestational age at delivery was significantly higher in dichorionic twins who underwent selective feticide before than after 24th gestational week (36.7 vs 33.4, p = 0.04). CONCLUSION Intracardiac injection of potassium chloride was effective for feticide and safe for mothers and fetuses. Selective feticide served as an alternative approach for twin pregnancy with fetal anomaly after sufficient discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Ai Sung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Han-Ni Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kok-Seong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tai-Ho Hung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom
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Chan KS, Chuang YC, Lin TY, Shaw SW. Corrigendum to "A Taiwan's experience: A case report and review of literature of successful early intrauterine treatment with radiofrequency ablation in twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence" [J Formos Med Assoc 120 (6) (June 2021) 1394-1399]. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 120:2201. [PMID: 34857169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Seong Chan
- Malaysian Ministry of Health, Malaysia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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17
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Lin TY, Shaw SW. Reply to: Noninvasive prenatal testing for DiGeorge syndrome: is it ready for clinical practice? Fetal Diagn Ther 2021; 48:861-862. [PMID: 34814139 DOI: 10.1159/000521116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom
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18
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Lin TY, Hsieh TT, Cheng PJ, Hung TH, Chan KS, Tsai C, Shaw SW. Taiwanese Clinical Experience with Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for DiGeorge Syndrome. Fetal Diagn Ther 2021; 48:672-677. [PMID: 34569534 DOI: 10.1159/000519057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) is associated with microdeletions of chromosome 22q11. It is the second most common cause of congenital heart disease and is an important consideration whenever a conotruncal cardiac anomaly is identified. The availability of noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) is altering the practice of prenatal genetics and maternal-fetal medicine, resulting in a decline in invasive testing. Antenatal ultrasound and other biomarkers have their own limitation. NIPT was proposed to screen DGS with cell-free DNA in Taiwan. Here, we present our experience of prenatal diagnosis of DGS in our center. METHODS This was a retrospective study between November 1, 2019, and August 31, 2020, in Taiwan. Data were collected from 7,826 pregnant women self-referred for DGS screening with massive parallel shotgun sequencing-based NIPT. High-risk cases subsequently received amniocentesis for array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) to confirm the diagnosis. Characteristics of pregnancies were documented when participants received the test. Report of NIPT was completed 2 weeks after the test. Follow-up on high-risk cases was completed by telephone interview on January 30, 2021. RESULTS Thirteen cases showed high risk by NIPT, and 7 cases were confirmed by aCGH. The sensitivity and specificity were 100% (95% confidence interval [CI] 64.57-100.00%) and 99.92% (95% CI 99.83-99.96%). The prevalence of DGS was 1 in 1,118 pregnancies. The positive predictive rate was 53.85% (95% CI 29.14-76.79%). One true positive (TP) showed US anomaly, and 5 TPs selected termination. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION NIPT demonstrated good performance in DGS screening. Detection of 22q11.2 deletion could be combined with routine screening to facilitate proper intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - T'sang-T'ang Hsieh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Cheng
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Ho Hung
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Seong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom
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19
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Liu KY, Lin KY, Lin TY, Hii LY, Tseng HS, Shen PC, Chang SC, Chou CJ, Pan RY, Lin LC, Shaw SW, Peng SY. Fallopian tube stem cell medium of porcine and bovine: In vitro regenerative effect on maturation and parthenogenesis of porcine oocytes. Res Vet Sci 2021; 140:83-90. [PMID: 34416464 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technology (ART) has been widely developed over the decades. This advanced technology has shown efficacy in the conception and breeding of an animal. However, several issues such as polyspermy, low maturation rate, and low development rate in vitro remain unresolved. Fallopian tube derived cells are proposed to promote the maturation and development of oocyte. This study aims to characterize porcine (PFTSC) and bovine fallopian tube stem cell (BFTSC) while comparing allogeneic and xenogeneic paracrine effects on porcine oocyte. FTSC of Taiwan yellow cattle (B. indicus) and porcine (Landrace x Yorkshire dam x Duroc) were isolated and identified. Conditioned media (Medium 199 or PZM-3) from porcine and bovine was collected and added to porcine cells during in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro culture (IVC). Both PFTSC and BFTSC expressed little CD44, CD105, and CD4. Both cells were induced to transform into chondrocytes, very few cells gave rise to osteocytes and adipocytes. IVM test showed a significant elevation of maturation rate in both groups (Porcine: 66.5 ± 3.5% > 55.9 ± 1.7%, p < .05; Bovine: 68.9 ± 2.3% > 55.9 ± 1.7%, p < .05). IVC test demonstrated markedly reduction of blastocyst in both groups. In a diluted conditioned medium with different concentration, 25% and 50% PFTSC showed a decrease in blastocyst rate which is significantly different, but BFTSC demonstrated no significant difference. PFTSC and BFTSC possessed properties of stem cells. Conditioned media from both PFTSC and BFTSC could improve maturation rate but not blastocyst rate in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-You Liu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Yi Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yien Hii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Sen Tseng
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Chih Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Yu Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Leou-Chyr Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Shao-Yu Peng
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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20
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Lin TY, Chueh HY, Chang SD, Yang CY. Interstitial ectopic pregnancy: A more confident diagnosis with three-dimensional sonography. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:173-176. [PMID: 33494997 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a confident tool for the diagnosis of interstitial ectopic pregnancy. 3-Dimensional US helps to reach a more proper diagnosis and enables to arrange therapeutic and surgical strategies. CASE REPORT A 36-year-old, gravida 4 para 2, woman was referred from the local medical department in the suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. Transabdominal ultrasound revealed an empty uterine cavity but an 8-week-old gestational sac located eccentrically on the right side of the uterine fundus. The Three-dimensional sonography (3D US) demonstrated a gestational sac (GS) over the right cornual region separated from the endometrial cavity. Interstitial pregnancy was impressed. Laparoscopic surgery was then arranged. After entering the pelvic cavity, a bulging mass was found over the utero-tubal junction, compatible with interstitial pregnancy. The wedge resection of interstitial ectopic pregnancy and right salpingectomy were undertaken. The patient was discharged within 2 days after the surgery. CONCLUSION The conventional sonography still remained the primary tool to diagnose the ectopic pregnancy, but 3D US played an indispensable role in demonstrating the precise location of GS. Interstitial ectopic pregnancy was symptomatically late in gestation and rupture of an interstitial pregnancy causes catastrophic consequence due to massive bleeding, so prompt and accurate diagnosis was definitely life-saving. Appropriate therapy or surgical intervention could be arranged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Yen Chueh
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shuenn-Dyh Chang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yuan Yang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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21
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Lin TY, Wataganara T, Shaw SW. From non-invasive to invasive fetal therapy: A comprehensive review and current update. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2021; 60:595-601. [PMID: 34247794 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2021.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
"Fetus as patient" indicates fundamental concept of fetal therapy. With advance in maternal serum analysis and fetal imaging, prenatal screening has become standard of care. Accurate diagnosis in early gestation allows intervention to reverse pathophysiology and delay progression immediately. Non-invasive, minimally invasive and invasive therapies demonstrate their therapeutic potential in certain diseases. Recently, stem cell and gene therapies have been developed to avoid irreversible impairment. To elevate efficacy of treatment modality, extensive studies should be conducted according to regulatory authority. Striking a balance between scientific and ethical integrity is essential, so long-term follow up should be arranged for protecting mother and fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tuangsit Wataganara
- Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Chan KS, Chuang YC, Lin TY, Shaw SW. A Taiwan's experience: A case report and review of literature of successful early intrauterine treatment with radiofrequency ablation in twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence. J Formos Med Assoc 2021; 120:1394-1399. [PMID: 33583701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2021.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Acardiac twin or twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence is a rare medical complication of Monozygotic twins. Taiwanese Obstetricians usually treat TRAP sequence conservatively. Occasionally, repeated amnio-reduction is performed to decompress the polyhydramnios caused by the TRAP sequence, even though there was no correction of the pathophysiologic mechanism. Radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive, percutaneous technique that can effectively obliterate blood supply to an acardiac twin to preserve and protect the pump twin. This recent technique has never been used before for the treatment of the TRAP sequence in Taiwan. This article reported the first-hand experience of acardiac twin management with RFA in Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok-Seong Chan
- Malaysian Ministry of Health, Malaysia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chun Chuang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, United Kingdom.
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23
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Lin TY, Sung CA, Shaw SW. The Application of Clinical Ultrasound in Fetal Therapy. J Med Ultrasound 2020; 29:1-2. [PMID: 34084708 PMCID: PMC8081109 DOI: 10.4103/jmu.jmu_134_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ai Sung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
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Peng SY, Wu TH, Lin TY, Hii LY, Chan KS, Fu TY, Chang SC, Shen PC, Liu KY, Shaw SW. Application of cattle placental stem cells for treating ovarian follicular cyst. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:1366-1376. [PMID: 33312404 PMCID: PMC7705470 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i11.1366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High humidity and temperature in Taiwan have significant effects on the reproductivity of Holstein cattle, resulting in the occurrence of bovine ovarian follicular cyst (OFC). Because of economic loss from OFC, manual rupture and hormone injection have been advocated for the management of OFC. However, these incomplete treatments increase hormone resistance in cattle. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from placental stem cells (PSCs) demonstrate potential properties for the treatment of several diseases via promoting angiogenesis and immune modulation.
AIM To establish the possibility of cattle placental stem cells (CPSCs) as a treatment modality for OFC of cows in Taiwan.
METHODS The cows with OFC were divided into three groups: control (BC1 and BC2), hormone (H1 and H2), and CPSC (PS1 and PS2) treatment groups. In the hormone treatment group, the cows were given gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-prostaglandin-GnRH intramuscular injection with or without drainage of follicular fluid. In the CPSC treatment group, CPSCs were isolated from the placenta after labor. With the identification of surface antigen on stem cells, the cows were administered ovarian injection of 1 × 106 or 6 × 106 CPSCs with drainage. In all groups, OFC was scanned by ultrasound once a week for a total of seven times. The concentrations of estradiol and progesterone in serum were tested in the same period. The estrus cycle was analyzed by food intake and activity. If estrus was detected, artificial insemination was conducted. Then the cow was monitored by ultrasound for confirmation of pregnancy.
RESULTS After 7 d of culture, CPSCs were successfully isolated from placental pieces. CPSCs significantly proliferated every 24 h and had high expression of MSC markers such as cluster of differentiation 44, as determined by flow cytometry. Ultrasound showed lower numbers of OFCs with drainage of follicular fluid. We achieved recovery rates of 0%, 50%, 50%, 75%, 75% and 75% in BC1, BC2, H1, H2, PS1, and PS2, respectively. Higher concentrations of progesterone were detected in the CPSC treatment groups. However, both hormone and CPSC treatment groups had no significant difference in the concentration of estradiol. The estrus rate was 0%, 100%, 25%, 75%, 75% and 75% in BC1, BC2, H1, H2, PS1, and PS2, respectively. The two fetuses were born in H2 and PS1. In brief, cows with CPSC injection achieved higher recovery, estrus, and inseminated conception rates.
CONCLUSION CPSCs have efficacy in treating cows with OFC, and thus, may serve as an alternative treatment for reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Yu Peng
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Hsin Wu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ling-Yien Hii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Seong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yen Fu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Chih Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Kang-You Liu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan
| | - Steven W. Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105, Taiwan
- Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London WC1E 6HU, United Kingdom
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Qian HR, Lin TY. [Tough choice of surgical treatment for duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor: pancreaticoduodenectomy or local resection?]. Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2020; 23:861-865. [PMID: 32927510 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.441530-20200615-00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The therapeutic choice of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) has always been the focus of surgeons because of its special anatomy location. So far, surgery is the preferable treatment for primary duodenal GIST, including pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) and local resection (LR). Researches reveal that the prognosis of duodenal GIST is determined by the pathologic factors of the tumor itself, and is not significantly associated with the surgical procedure. The intervention with targeted drugs such as imatinib has given the duodenal GIST more opportunities for LR. Meanwhile, the technique development of the laparoscopy combined with endoscopic surgery and robotic surgery ensures the steps of minimally invasive treatment for duodenal GIST into a new era.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - T Y Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Lin TY, Huang HY, Chan KS, Chen YT, Chu FC, Shaw SW. Current update of first trimester preeclampsia screening in Asia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2020; 47:26-33. [PMID: 33063401 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In consideration of high prevalence of preeclampsia, enormous studies attempted to look for strategies in early gestation. Hence, a powerful screening should be built up in first trimester. Then, Aspirin could be administrated for proper prevention. The objective of this article is reviewing the screening for preeclampsia in first trimester recently. To identify the high-risk group precisely, an effective model should be recommended to Asian population. Articles related to first trimester screening of PE in Asia from databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus were searched for this narrative review. The criteria included randomized clinical trials, observational prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, systematic review and meta-analysis and professional review articles. Screening models combining maternal factors, biophysical factors, ultrasound studies and biochemical factors achieved high predictive performance of preeclampsia. In Asia, the detection rate of the Fetal Medicine Foundation is superior to those of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Consequently, this effective model from the Fetal Medicine Foundation should be continuously used for screening in first trimester for the Asian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Yu Huang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kok-Seong Chan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Tin Chen
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Chieh Chu
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health University College London, London, UK
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27
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Ting WJ, Shaw SW, Hii LY, Lin TY, Chang SC, Liu KY, Shen PC, Chen TJ, Peng SY. Therapeutic effects of conditioned - DPBS from amniotic stem cells on lactating cow mastitis. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2020; 59:520-526. [PMID: 32653123 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2020.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bovine mastitis results in economic loss due to decrease in milk production. Antibiotic ointments are commonly used for treating. However, residue and anti-microbial resistance warranted attention progressively. Fortunately, stem cell anti-inflammatory properties and paracrine expression of cytokines accelerates wound healing and suppresses inflammatory reactions in mastitis. The objective of this study is to use the conditioned-Dulbecco's pluripotent stem cells (DPBS) from amniotic membrane stem cells (AMSCs) in treating bovine mastitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cows with mastitis were divided into two groups. In antibiotic control group, the cows were given tetraneomycin ointment. In conditioned-DPBS of AMSCs treatment group, amniotic membrane was collected for AMSCs after delivery. With expression of surface antigen and potential of tri-linage differentiation, AMSCs were injected into mammary glands. Then, milk was sampled every three days to monitor the effect of both treatments. The quality of milk was measured with pH, titratable acidity, free calcium ions and somatic cell count. RESULTS Our results demonstrated the Bovine AMSCs expressed CD44, low levels of CD4 and no CD105. Bovine AMSCs demonstrated the differentiation capability in the tri-cell lineages. Mastitis treatment with conditioned-DPBS from AMSCs (experimental group) and conventional antibiotics (control group) showed insignificant difference in pH value and titratable acidity. The level of ionic calcium concentration in the conditioned-DPBS group decreased from 3rd day to 12th day, while the level in the antibiotic group decreased from 0 day to 12th day. The somatic cell number was similar in both groups, which meet the standard of Taiwan milk collection. CONCLUSION In conclusion, conditioned-DPBS from bovine AMSCs has the therapeutic potential to treat bovine mastitis and may replace antibiotics therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Je Ting
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Steven W Shaw
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Prenatal Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Ling-Yien Hii
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sabah Women's and Children's Hospital, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Chang Chang
- Kaohsiung Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Kang-You Liu
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Perng-Chih Shen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Jou Chen
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Peng
- Department of Animal Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan.
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Abstract
Abstract
A novel noninstrumented technology (ChemTrak AccuMeter) for the quantitative measurement of analytes in biological fluids was reported at the 1990 Oak Ridge Conference (Clin Chem 1990;36:1591-7). This instrument-free technology has been adapted for the quantitative measurement of high-density lipoprotein (HDL). An in situ lipoprotein separation method has been developed and incorporated into the test for HDL determination. The sensitivity of the assay system has been adjusted so that HDL is measured over a clinically significant range of 250 to 1000 mg/L. This compares to a range of 1000 to 4000 mg/L for the total cholesterol in the earlier reported assay. Like the AccuMeter total cholesterol test, the Accumeter HDL test system is self-contained and consolidates blood separation, lipoprotein separation, and specimen measurement into a single step. The test procedure is simple, and the results are accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Y Liu
- ChemTrak, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086-4520
| | - T Y Lin
- ChemTrak, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086-4520
| | - W Schrier
- ChemTrak, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086-4520
| | - M Allen
- ChemTrak, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086-4520
| | - P Singh
- ChemTrak, Inc., Sunnyvale, CA 94086-4520
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Liu SS, Lin TY, Fu E, Hsia YJ, Chiu HC, Tu HP, Chiang CY. Immediate hyperbaric oxygen after tooth extraction ameliorates bisphosphonate-related osteonecrotic lesion in rats. J Periodontol 2019; 90:1449-1456. [PMID: 31257597 DOI: 10.1002/jper.18-0761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims to assess whether hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) applied immediately after tooth extraction could ameliorate medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in rats. METHODS To evaluate whether osteonecrosis could be successfully induced, healing of extraction maxillary molars was examined in 40 female Sprague Dawley rats received zoledronic acid (7.5 µg/kg) plus dexamethasone (1 mg/kg). Rats were divided into four groups, receiving zero, two, four, or seven injection(s) for 7 days, respectively. Effect of HBO, pressurized to 2.5 atmospheres absolute (ATA) at rate of 0.15 ATA/min with 100% oxygen for 90 minutes, applied immediately after tooth extraction, on the development of osteonecrosis was evaluated. Lesions among groups were compared by size of ulceration, exact area (mm2 ) or relative area (%), and by histology. RESULTS Unhealed ridge was observed in all nine rats in four and seven injection groups, but none of 10 rats in the control (non-injection) group. Immediate HBO significantly reduced the lesions in rats that received four injections, regardless of the distribution and the total/relative areas of lesions (P <0.01). Histological findings showed the lesions were uncovered epithelium and severe tissue inflammation. CONCLUSION This is the first in vivo study demonstrating the HBO applied immediately after tooth extraction effectively decreases the development of medication-related osteonecrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sao-Shen Liu
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tzu-Yi Lin
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Private Practice, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Earl Fu
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Xindian, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Jan Hsia
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.,Department of Dentistry, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Xindian, New Taipei City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsien-Chung Chiu
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hsiao-Pei Tu
- Department of Oral hygiene, Hsin-Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Toayuan City, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Cheng-Yang Chiang
- Periodontics Division, Department of Dentistry, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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Chou CK, Lee SS, Lin TY, Huang YH, Takahashi H, Lai CS, Lin SD, Lin TM. Micro-autologous Fat Transplantation (MAFT) for Forehead Volumizing and Contouring. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2017; 41:845-855. [PMID: 28451799 PMCID: PMC5522520 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-017-0883-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Background Frontal fullness in Asians is often considered to indicate one’s public popularity and leadership skills. Numerous materials and techniques have been applied clinically to recontour or volumize the frontal area, with variable results. The micro-autologous fat transplantation (MAFT) technique proposed by Lin et al. (2nd academic congress of Taiwan Cosmetic Association Taipei,
Taiwan) in 2007 has demonstrated its feasibility in facial rejuvenation. In the present study, we used an innovative instrument to apply the MAFT technique to frontal augmentation with fat grafting and reported the results. Methods MAFT was performed on 178 patients (167 female, 11 male) during a 5-year period starting in January 2010. Fat was harvested by liposuction, processed and refined by centrifugation at 1200×g for 3 min. The purified fat was micro-transplanted for frontal contouring with the assistance of an instrument, the MAFT-GUN. The patients were followed up regularly, and photographs were taken for comparison. Results On average, the MAFT procedure took 52 min to complete. The average amount of delivered fat was 10.2 mL. The follow-up period was 34 months on average. No complications, including neurovascular injury, skin necrosis, abscess, nodulation, calcification or irregularity, were noted. A patient-rated satisfaction 5-point Likert scale demonstrated that 83.1% of all patients had favorable results (48.3% were satisfied, and 34.8% were very satisfied). Conclusion The concept and technique of MAFT has changed fat grafting from an operation with unpredictable clinical results to an easy, reliable and consistent procedure. Furthermore, the use of a precisely controlled instrument enabled surgeons to perform highly accurate micro-fat grafting. In comparison with other strategies for volume restoration, the MAFT procedure demonstrated high patient satisfaction with the long-term results. Therefore, the use of MAFT as an alternative approach to forehead contouring and volumizing was addressed. Level of Evidence IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00266-017-0883-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Chou
- Yuan's General Hospital, No.162, Chenggong 1st Rd., Lingya Dist., Kaohsiung City, 802, Taiwan
| | - S S Lee
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - T Y Lin
- Division of Traumatology, Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Y H Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
- Charming Institute of Aesthetic and Regenerative Surgery (CIARS), 2F.-1, No.172, Ziqiang 2nd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 801, Taiwan
| | - H Takahashi
- Department of Post Baccalaureate Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - C S Lai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - S D Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - T M Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University, No.100, Ziyou 1st Rd., Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
- Charming Institute of Aesthetic and Regenerative Surgery (CIARS), 2F.-1, No.172, Ziqiang 2nd Rd., Qianjin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 801, Taiwan.
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Wang KM, Lin TY, Chang KC, Shieh MJ, Liu DG, Peng SY. Epidemiology of Enterobius vermicularis infection among elementary school children in Hualien, Taiwan from 2007 to 2012. Trop Biomed 2017; 34:143-149. [PMID: 33592992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enterobius vermicularis is the most common human intestinal parasite, and its control among school children is an important public health issue. The objective of this study was to document the present situation of E. vermicularis infection in school children in Hualien. The administrative divisions in Hualien county include 13 districts (3 in a mountainous area, 10 in a rural/urban area). Between 2007 and 2012, a total of 41,191 children in 13 districts in Hualien were examined using consecutive 2-day adhesive cellophane paper perianal swabs. Our results showed Enterobius egg-positive infection rates of 5.79% (452/7,089) in 2007, 6.25% (457/7,312) in 2008, 5.37% (385/7,173) in 2009, 4.98% (330/6,804) in 2010, 4.91% (301/6,133) in 2011, and 4.68% (279/5,960) in 2012. Compared to the previously reported national average in Taiwan (range, 1.53-2.23%), the prevalence of E. vermicularis in Hualien is relatively high. The infection rates were 7.55-29.10% in mountainous areas and 0.50- 12.43% in rural/urban areas. All first and fourth grade students in elementary schools in Hualien were selected as study participants. The average infection rate of the first grade students (6.71%) was higher than that of the fourth grade students (4.23%). These results indicate that enterobiasis remains an important parasitic disease among school children in Hualien, especially those in mountainous areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - T Y Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - K C Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - M J Shieh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - D G Liu
- Department of Medical Affairs, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - S Y Peng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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Chen YH, Huang CW, Yeh PH, Chen JY, Lin TY, Chang CF, Wu WW. A solid-state cation exchange reaction to form multiple metal oxide heterostructure nanowires. Nanoscale 2016; 8:17039-17043. [PMID: 27714036 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr01287f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanostructures have been investigated extensively due to their wide range of physical properties; zinc oxide is one of the most promising materials. It exhibits fascinating functional properties and various types of morphologies. In particular, ZnO heterostructures have attracted great attention because their performance can be modified and further improved by the addition of other materials. In this study, we successfully transformed ZnO nanowires (NWs) into multiple ZnO/Al2O3 heterostructure NWs via a solid-state cation exchange reaction. The experiment was carried out in situ via an ultrahigh vacuum transmission electron microscope (UHV-TEM), which was equipped with a video recorder. Moreover, we analyzed the structure and composition of the heterostructure NWs by Cs-corrected STEM equipped with EDS. Based on these experimental results, we inferred a cation exchange reaction ion path model. Additionally, we investigated the defects that appeared after the cation reaction, which resulted from the remaining zinc ions. These multiple heterostructure ZnO/Al2O3 NWs exhibited excellent UV sensing sensitivity and efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - C W Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - P H Yeh
- Department of Physics, Tam Kang University, New Taipei 251, Taiwan
| | - J Y Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - T Y Lin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - C F Chang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
| | - W W Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
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Jao Y, Wu SW, Lin TY, Hung CT, Yang PW, Huang CH, Lin CY, Lin WR, Chen YH, Lu PL. Free-flow duration prior as an influential factor on microorganism and endotoxin amount of reverse osmosis water for dialysis. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2015. [PMCID: PMC4474847 DOI: 10.1186/2047-2994-4-s1-p65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Lin MJ, Chang SC, Lin TY, Cheng YS, Lee YP, Fan YK. Factors Affecting the Incidence of Angel Wing in White Roman Geese: Stocking Density and Genetic Selection. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2015; 29:901-7. [PMID: 26954185 PMCID: PMC4852259 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated stocking density and genetic lines, factors that may alter the severity and incidence of angel wing (AW), in White Roman geese. Geese (n = 384) from two genetically selected lines (normal- winged line, NL, and angel-winged line, AL, respectively) and one commercial line (CL) were raised in four pens. Following common commercial practice, low-stocking-density (LD), medium-stocking-density, and high-stocking-density treatments were respectively administered to 24, 32, and 40 geese per pen at 0 to 3 weeks (1.92 m2/pen) and 4 to 6 weeks (13.2 m2/pen) of age and to 24, 30, and 36 geese at 7 to 14 weeks (20.0 m2/pen) of age. The results revealed that stocking density mainly affected body weight gain in geese younger than 4 weeks, and that geese subjected to LD had a high body weight at 2 weeks of age. However, the effect of stocking density on the severity score of AW (SSAW) and incidence of AW (IAW) did not differ significantly among the treatments. Differences were observed among the genetic stocks; that is, SSAW and IAW were significantly higher in AL than in NL and CL. Genetic selection generally aggravates AW, complicating its elimination. To effectively reduce IAW, stocking density, a suspected causal factor, should be lower than that presently applied commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Lin
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.,Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua 52149, Taiwan
| | - S C Chang
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan.,Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua 52149, Taiwan
| | - T Y Lin
- Changhua Animal Propagation Station, Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Changhua 52149, Taiwan
| | - Y S Cheng
- Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Tainan 71246, Taiwan
| | - Y P Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Y K Fan
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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Chiu KM, Chen RJ, Lin TY, Chen JS, Huang JH, Huang CY, Chu SH. Right mini-parasternotomy may be a good minimally invasive alternative to full sternotomy for cardiac valve operations-a propensity-adjusted analysis. J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2014:R37Y9999N00A140179. [PMID: 24667339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
AIM Limited realworld data existed for miniparasternotomy approach with good sample size in Asian cohorts and most previous studies were eclipsed by case heterogeneity. The goal of this study was to compare safety and quality outcomes of cardiac noncoronary valve operations by miniparasternotomy and full sternotomy approaches on riskadjusted basis. METHODS From our hospital database, we retrieved the cases of non-coronary valve operations from 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2012, including re-do, emergent, and combined procedures. Estimated EuroScore-II and propensity score for choosing mini-parasternotomy were adjusted for in the regression models on hospital mortality, complications (pneumonia, stroke, sepsis, etc.), and quality parameters (length of stay, ICU time, ventilator time, etc.). Non-complicated cases, defined as survival to discharge, ventilator use not over one week, and intensive care unit stay not over two weeks, were used for quality parameters. RESULTS There were 283 miniparasternotomy and 177 full sternotomy cases. EuroScore-II differed significantly (medians 2.1 vs. 4.7, p<0.001). Propensity scores for choosing miniparasternotomy were higher with lower EuroScore-II (OR=0.91 per 1%, p<0.001), aortic regurgitation (OR=2.3, p=0.005), and aortic non-mitral valve disease (OR=3.9, p<0.001). Adjusted for propensity score and EuroScore-II, mini-parasternotomy group had less pneumonia (OR=0.32, p=0.043), less sepsis (OR=0.31, p=0.045), and shorter non-complicated length of stay (coefficient=7.2 (day), p<0.001) than full sternotomy group, whereas Kaplan-Meier survival, non-complicated ICU time, non-complicated ventilator time, and 30-day mortality did not differ significantly. CONCLUSION The propensity-adjusted analysis demonstrated encouraging safety and quality outcomes for mini-parasternotomy valve operation in carefully selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Chiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital,New Taipei City, Taiwan -
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Dong QL, Lin TY, Xing XY, Chen B, Han Y. Identification of a symbiotic fungus from blue-green alga and its extracellular polysaccharide. Lett Appl Microbiol 2013; 58:303-10. [PMID: 24261819 DOI: 10.1111/lam.12192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 10/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED A previously unknown symbiotic fungus DT06 has been isolated from the single-celled blue-green alga Chroococcus sp. The sequences of ITS1, 5.8S rDNA and ITS2 regions of DT06 have a high similarity with that of Simplicillium (98%), which is closely related to Simplicillium lanosoniveum based on further phylogenetic analysis. However, DT06 produces unusual exocellular crystals with its conidium size twice that of S. lanosoniveum. Hence, DT06 is proposed to be a varietas of S. lanosoniveum and named as S. lanosoniveum var. Tianjinienss. Dong. (Type specimen was deposited at China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, Number: CGMCC4460.). The striking character of DT06 is its massive production of a unique extracellular polysaccharide, which is composed of glucose and galactose and linked by 1-4 and 1-6 glycoside bonds according to UV, IR and NMR analysis. Therefore, DT06 may represent a new source of bioactive products, and also, its unusual symbiotic partnership with blue-green algae provides a model for investigating the interaction between photoautotrophic and heterotrophic micro-organisms in aquatic ecosystems. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY A novel fungus (Simplicillium) symbiotic with a single-celled blue-green alga Chroococcus sp. and its major primary metabolite have been isolated and identified. These findings broaden the scope of symbiotic fungi and provide a unique extracellular polysaccharide with potential applications in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q L Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, China
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Huang LC, Ye JC, Hsieh CH, Chen LM, Lin TY, Hung YC, Chang WC. PTEN, tau-AP-3, thymidylate synthase immunohistochemistry scoring expression in patients with uterine leiomyomas, uterine smooth muscle tumors of uncertain malignancy potential and uterine leiomyosarcomas. EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 2011; 32:496-499. [PMID: 22053660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Uterine smooth muscle tumors are frequently classified as benign and malignant. However, an assortment of mitotic counts and nuclear atypia can be indecisive between uncertain malignant potential, and malignant uterine smooth muscle tumors. We applied three immunohistochemical parameters to distinguish between cases of benign, malignant, and those with uncertain malignant histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Blamires SJ, Lee YH, Chang CM, Lin IT, Chen JA, Lin TY, Tso IM. Multiple structures interactively influence prey capture efficiency in spider orb webs. Anim Behav 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Huang JJ, Jiang WQ, Lin TY, Huang Y, Xu RH, Huang HQ, Li ZM. Absolute lymphocyte count is a novel prognostic indicator in extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type. Ann Oncol 2010; 22:149-155. [PMID: 20595450 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma (ENKL) is a heterogeneous entity with poor survival, requiring risk stratification in affected patients. We proposed absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as a new prognostic factor in ENKL. PATIENTS AND METHODS we retrospectively analyzed 128 patients newly diagnosed with ENKL. Independent prognostic factors of survival were determined by Cox regression analysis. RESULTS patients with low ALC (<1.0 × 10(9)/l) at diagnosis tended to have more adverse clinical features. Patients with high ALC (≥1.0 × 10(9)/l) at diagnosis had better overall survival (OS; P < 0.0001) and progression-free survival (PFS; P<0.0001), and achieved higher complete remission rates (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis with known prognostic factors showed that ALC, B symptoms and advanced stage were independent predictors for OS and PFS. Using the International Prognostic Index, Prognostic Index for Peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified, or Korean Prognostic Index for nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma, the majority of patients were in the low-risk category (with no or one adverse factor). ALC was helpful to differentiate the low-risk patients with different survival outcomes (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS our data suggest that ALC at diagnosis is a novel, powerful predictor of prognosis in ENKL. Immune status at diagnosis might have an important influence on survival in patients with ENKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology
| | - W Q Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology
| | - T Y Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology
| | - Y Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - R H Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology
| | - H Q Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology
| | - Z M Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in Southern China; Department of Medical Oncology.
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Chen NC, Lin CM, Shen C, Lien WC, Lin TY. Redshift of edge emission from AlGaInP light-emitting diodes and correlation with electron-hole recombination lifetime. Opt Express 2008; 16:20759-20773. [PMID: 19065215 DOI: 10.1364/oe.16.020759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The edge emission from AlGaInP light-emitting diodes showed a red-shifted peak in addition to the peak of surface emission. This shift resulted from the quantum-well absorption of the guided wave. Although the shift degrades the color quality and the extraction efficiency of the device, it helps elucidate many important optical properties of the material and the dynamics of carrier recombination, including the electron-hole recombination lifetime, the optical joint density of state, the spontaneous emission spectrum and the absorption spectrum. A simple concept of the bimolecular recombination is established. The corresponding coefficient can be expressed by a simple formula and was therefore determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Chen
- Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
We used suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and oligonucleotide microarray to differentiate expression profiles of metastasis-related genes and to evaluate their clinical significance in patients with invasive oral cancer (OCa). Overexpression of the specific genes was confirmed by reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Cells expressing the gene were identified by immunohistochemistry in pathology specimens. Clinical correlation and significance were analyzed statistically. Using these methods, we detected increased expressions of MMP-1, -3, -7, -9, -10 and interleukin (IL)-8 in invasive OCa. Moreover, our data showed that overexpressions of MMP-1, -3, -7, -10 and IL-8 were associated with reduced survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Chiang
- Department of Dental Laboratory Technology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to tailor a future Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine campaign and to help perform early primary prevention of HPV infection in Taiwan, where the incidence of cervical cancer is high. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 826 female students, ages 10, 13, 16 and 19-22 years. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on risk factors for HPV infection. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to HPV 16 capsids using a virus-like particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbence assay. The age-adjusted odds ratio of HPV seropositivity was calculated for each risk factor by multiple logistic regression analysis. HPV 16 antibodies were detected in 13 (1.6%) of 826 participants. The HPV 16 seroprevalence was 0.35% (1/287), 0.85% (2/235), 3.2% (6/185) and 3.4% (4/119), respectively, for age groups of 10, 13, 16 and 19-22 years. In the multiple regression analysis, the history of having sexual activity was the most significant risk predictor for HPV 16 seropositivity. The seroprevalence of HPV 16 increased dramatically among high school seniors and university students, and was significantly associated with sexual activity. Vaccination against HPV is suggested to be undertaken in early adolescence, before 16 years of age and prior to sexual debut.
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Affiliation(s)
- I J Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan
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Weng CH, Lin YT, Lin TY, Kao CM. Enhancement of electrokinetic remediation of hyper-Cr(VI) contaminated clay by zero-valent iron. J Hazard Mater 2007; 149:292-302. [PMID: 17485164 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2006] [Revised: 03/25/2007] [Accepted: 03/26/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigated the effectiveness of incorporating zero-valent iron (ZVI) into electrokinetic (EK) to remediate hyper-Cr(VI) contaminated clay (2497 mg/kg). A ZVI wall was installed in the center of the soil specimen and was filled with 1:1 (w/w) ratio of granular ZVI and sand. Results show that transport of H(+) is greatly retarded by the strong opposite migration of anionic chromate ions, whereupon a revered electroosmosis flow (EO) was resulted and alkaline zone across the specimen was developed promoting the release of Cr(VI) from the clay. Chromium removal was characterized by high Cr(VI) concentration occurred in the anolyte and the presence of Cr(III) precipitates in the catholyte. The Cr(VI) reduction efficiencies for the process without ZVI wall were 68.1 and 79.2% for 1 and 2V/cm, respectively. As ZVI wall was installed, the corresponding reduction efficiencies increased to 85.8 and 92.5%. The costs for energy and ZVI utilized in this process are US$ 41.0 and 57.5 per cubic meter for the system with electric gradient of 1 and 2V/cm, respectively. The role of ZVI wall effectively reducing Cr(VI) contamination and the operation simultaneous collection of Cr(VI) from the electrode reservoirs are two major advantages of this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Huang Weng
- Department of Civil and Ecological Engineering, I-Shou University, Da-Hsu Township, Kaohsiung 84008, Taiwan.
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Chang HJ, Hsieh YP, Chen TT, Chen YF, Liang CT, Lin TY, Tseng SC, Chen LC. Strong luminescence from strain relaxed InGaN/GaN nanotips for highly efficient light emitters. Opt Express 2007; 15:9357-65. [PMID: 19547278 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.009357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Semiconductor heterostructures represent the most important building block for current optoelectronic devices. One of the common features of semiconductor heterostructures is the existence of internal strain due to lattice mismatch. The internal strain can tilt the band alignment and significantly alter the physical properties of semiconductor heterostructures, such as reducing the internal quantum efficiency of a light emitter. Here, we provide a convenient route to release the internal strain by patterning semiconductor heterostructures into nanotip arrays. The fabrication of the nanotip arrays was achieved by self-masked dry etching technique, which is simple, low cost and compatible with current semiconductor technologies. By implementing our approach to InGaN/GaN multiple quantum wells, we demonstrate that the light emission can be enhanced by up to 10 times. Our approach renders an excellent opportunity to manipulate the internal strain, and is very useful to create highly efficient solid state emitters.
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Liu SY, Lin JY, Chu C, Su LH, Lin TY, Chiu CH. Integron-associated imipenem resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from a regional hospital in Taiwan. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 27:81-4. [PMID: 16359845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2005] [Accepted: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the genetic properties of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii collected from a regional hospital in Taiwan. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis demonstrated that the isolates were genetically diverse. Polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing, and DNA-DNA hybridisation showed that the bla(IMP-1) gene resided as a cassette in a plasmid-borne class 1 integron in two isolates. The majority of the resistant isolates were plasmid-less and carried no bla(IMP), bla(VIM) or bla(CFI) genes, indicating that other uncharacterised metallo-beta-lactamases or mechanisms other than enzyme production are involved in carbapenem resistance in this group of A. baumannii. We conclude that multidrug resistance of A. baumannii was a combined effect of lateral gene transfer and clonal spread of multiple resistant clones. Strict measures should be implemented to control the further spread of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Y Liu
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the implications of a newly defined severity scoring of empyema in children for the prediction of surgical management and to compare the length of hospitalization as an outcome measure of patients treated using medical therapy, salvage video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) vs early elective VATS. METHODS A retrospective chart review of parapneumonic empyema of patients below 18 years of age admitted to a tertiary children's hospital in northern Taiwan from April 1993 to December 2002 was performed. Patients were categorized into a medical group who received antibiotic therapy, needle aspirations with/without tube thoracostomy; a salvage VATS group when the patients required surgery for the relief of persistent fever > 38 degrees C, chest pains or dyspneic respirations despite initial medical therapy; an early VATS group when the patients received elective surgery early after admission. The demographic data, clinical features, laboratory findings, and duration of hospitalization were compared using a severity score of empyema (SSE). RESULTS Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most common infecting organism, followed by Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. No organisms were recovered in 39% of patients. A pleural pH < 7.1 increases the odds of requiring surgical intervention by 6 times among this cohort. Children who required decortication of empyema had a higher severity score (mean 4.8 vs 3.0, p < 0.005). The duration of hospitalization for patients having early VATS showed a shortening stay (mean 18 vs 28 days) as compared to salvage VATS. CONCLUSION A pleural pH < 7.1 and a newly designed clinical severity score of empyema 4 are two predictors of surgical intervention for fibrinopurulent empyema in the present study. Early elective VATS may be adopted not later than 7 days after failure of appropriate antibiotic therapy and adequate drainage of empyema to decrease the length of stay and minimize morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Wong
- Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Taiwan.
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Carles D, Pelluard F, Alberti EM, Maugey-Laulom B, Lin TY, Saura R, Roux D, Lacombe D. Fetal presentation of PHACES syndrome. Am J Med Genet A 2005; 132A:110. [PMID: 15551334 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.30367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Hsueh PR, Teng LJ, Lin TY, Chen KT, Hsu HM, Twu SJ, Ho SW, Luh KT. Re-emergence of meningococcal disease in Taiwan: circulation of domestic clones of Neisseria meningitidis in the 2001 outbreak. Epidemiol Infect 2004; 132:637-45. [PMID: 15310165 PMCID: PMC2870144 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268804002316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The annual incidence of meningococcal disease (meningitis and septicaemia) in Taiwan was 0.94/10(5) population in 1953. It then declined to below 0.001 from 1980 to 1987, and re-emerged in 2000 with a rate of 0.07/10(5) population. In 2001 there was a further increase in incidence (43 cases, 0.19/10(5)). Of 43 isolates of Neisseria meningitidis available for this study, including 41 from patients treated in 2001, three (7.0%) were penicillin insensitive (MIC > or = 0.12 microg/ml), though all were beta-lactamase negative: 16 (37.2%) were resistant to trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (MIC > or = 4/76 microg/ml). Serogrouping and genotype analysis revealed nine domestic clones. None of the 43 patients had any relationship (travel or contact history) with the 2000 or 2001 Hajj pilgrimage. Epidemiological information and typing results suggested wide dissemination of a limited number of domestic clones of N. meningitidis, manifesting as serogroups W-135, B and Y. Two clones of serogroup W-135 involved in the outbreak were genetically distinct from the 2000 or 2001 Hajj-related W-135 clone.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Hsueh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Tzeng SYT, Lin TY, Huang RH, Wu JJ, Wu SL. Thresholdless, hysteresis-free, V-shaped, electro-optical switching for a ferroelectric liquid crystal cell. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2004; 70:011712. [PMID: 15324077 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.70.011712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) cell can be modeled as a combination of capacitors and resistors. In accordance with the properties of the FLC cell, external electric elements, such as capacitors and resistors, are usually connected to achieve a V-shaped performance at a driving inversion frequency fi. However, the inversion frequency is strongly dependent on the external electric elements and the applied voltage. In this paper, the relation between the inversion frequency and the applied voltage is discussed. Additionally, the inversion frequency is found to be approximately proportional to (ReqCeq)(-0.52), where Req and Ceq are equivalent resistance and capacitance, respectively. Based on the above properties, a useful driving scheme is proposed to achieve thresholdless, hysteresis-free, V-shaped characteristics for FLC cells at a driving frequency of 100 Hz. The driving scheme can be applied to fast-response FLC display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shwu-Yun Tsay Tzeng
- Department Of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China.
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Chuang YY, Huang YC, Lee CY, Lin TY, Lien R, Chou YH. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia in neonatal intensive care units: an analysis of 90 episodes. Acta Paediatr 2004; 93:786-90. [PMID: 15244228 DOI: 10.1080/08035250410028084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
AIM To delineate the clinical features of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteraemia in infants hospitalized at the neonatal intensive care unit. METHODS Episodes of MRSA bacteraemia in Chang Gung Children's Hospital neonatal intensive care unit from 1997 to 1999 were reviewed for incidence, predisposing factors, clinical presentations, treatment and outcome. RESULTS Ninety episodes of MRSA bacteraemia were identified. The overall rate of MRSA bacteraemia was 1.05 per 1000 patient days during the 3-y period. Most of the patients were premature infants (76%), with prior operation or invasive procedures (39%), had an indwelling intravascular catheter (79%) and exposure to antibiotic therapy (96%). A localized cutaneous infection was found in 53.3% of the episodes. The most common clinical diagnoses were catheter-related infections (54.4%), skin and soft tissue infections (21.1%), bacteraemia without a focus (20%) and pneumonia (16.7%). Metastatic infection occurred in 18% of these infants. Among the patients treated with vancomycin for < or = 14 d, 88.7% did not develop any complications, and 11.3% developed a recurrence. CONCLUSIONS MRSA is an established pathogen in our NICU. MRSA bacteraemia in the neonates predominantly presented as catheter-related infections, and metastatic infections were not infrequently seen. In uncomplicated MRSA bacteraemia, treatment with vancomycin for < or = 14 d seems to be adequate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Y Chuang
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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