1
|
Xu F, He Y, Xu A, Ren L, Xu J, Shao Y, Wang M, Zhao W, Zhang Y, Lu P, Zhang L. Triphenyl phosphate induces cardiotoxicity through myocardial fibrosis mediated by apoptosis and mitophagy of cardiomyocyte in mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 346:123651. [PMID: 38408505 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is an organophosphorus flame retardant, but its cardiac toxicity has not been adequately investigated. Therefore, in the current study, the effect of TPHP on the heart and the underlying mechanism involved was evaluated. C57BL/6 J mice were administered TPHP (0, 5, and 50 mg/kg/day) for 30 days. In addition, H9c2 cells were treated with three various concentrations (0, 50, and 150 μM) of TPHP, with and without the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine or the mitochondrial fusion promoter M1. TPHP caused cardiac fibrosis and increased the levels of CK-MB and LDH in the serum. TPHP increased the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Furthermore, TPHP caused mitochondrial damage, and induced fusion and fission disorders that contributed to mitophagy in both the heart of C57BL/6 J mice and H9c2 cells. Transcriptome analysis showed that TPHP induced up- or down-regulated expression of various genes in myocardial tissue and revealed enriched apoptosis pathways. It was also found that TPHP could remarkably increase the expression levels of Bax, cleaved Caspase-9, cleaved Caspase-3, and decreased Bcl-2, thereby causing apoptosis in H9c2 cells. Taken together, the results suggested that TPHP promoted mitophagy through mitochondria fusion dysfunction resulting from oxidative stress, leading to fibrosis by inducing myocardial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feibo Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yu He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Aili Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lihua Ren
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinyu Xu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Yali Shao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Minxin Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Peng Lu
- School of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China
| | - Lianshuang Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang Q, Wu R, Zheng S, Luo C, Huang W, Shi X, Wu K. Exposure of male adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) induces eye development disorders and disrupts neurotransmitter system-mediated abnormal locomotor behavior in larval offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133332. [PMID: 38147758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant, which has become ubiquitous in the environment. However, little information is available regarding its transgenerational effects. This study aimed to investigate the developmental toxicity of TPhP on F1 larvae offspring of adult male zebrafish exposed to various concentrations of TPhP for 28 or 60 days. The findings revealed significant morphological changes, alterations in locomotor behavior, variations in neurotransmitter, histopathological changes, oxidative stress levels, and disruption of Retinoic Acid (RA) signaling in the F1 larvae. After 28 and 60 days of TPhP exposure, the F1 larvae exhibited a myopia-like phenotype with pathological alterations in the lens and retina. The genes involved in the RA signaling pathway were down-regulated following parental TPhP exposure. Swimming speed and total distance of F1 larvae were significantly reduced by TPhP exposure, and long-term exposure to environmental levels of TPhP had more pronounced effects on locomotor behavior and neurotransmitter levels. In conclusion, TPhP induced histological and morphological alterations in the eyes of F1 larvae, leading to visual dysfunction, disruption of RA signaling and neurotransmitter systems, and ultimately resulting in neurobehavioral abnormalities. These findings highlight the importance of considering the impact of TPhP on the survival and population reproduction of wild larvae.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Ruotong Wu
- School of Life Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, Fujian, China
| | - Shukai Zheng
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Congying Luo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenlong Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoling Shi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Kusheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, Guangdong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ji S, Guo Y, Ding J, Hong W, Yan Z, Cai Z, Yue H, Qiu X, Sang N. Nontargeted Identification of Organic Components in Fine Particulate Matter Related to Lung Tumor Metastasis Based on an Adverse Outcome Pathway Strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:4083-4091. [PMID: 38373277 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Emerging studies implicate fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its organic components (OCs) as urgent hazard factors for lung cancer progression in nonsmokers. Establishing the adverse outcome pathway (AOP)-directed nontargeted identification method, this study aimed to explore whether PM2.5 exposure in coal-burning areas promoted lung tumor metastasis and how we identify its effective OCs to support traceability and control of regional PM2.5 pollution. First, we used a nude mouse model of lung cancer for PM2.5 exposure and found that the exposure significantly promoted the hematogenous metastases of A549-Luc cells in lung tissues and the adverse outcomes (AOs), with key events (KEs) including the changed expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, such as suppression of E-cad and increased expression of Fib. Subsequently, using AOs and KEs as adverse outcome directors, we identified a total of 35 candidate chemicals based on the in vitro model and nontargeted analysis. Among them, tributyl phosphate (C12H27O4P), 2-bromotetradecane (C14H29Br), and methyl decanoate (C11H22O2) made greater contributions to the AOs. Finally, we clarified the interactions between these OCs and EMT-activating transcription factors (EMT-ATFs) as the molecular initiation event (MIE) to support the feasibility of the above identification strategy. The present study updates a new framework for identifying tumor metastasis-promoting OCs in PM2.5 and provides solid data for screening out chemicals that need priority control in polluted areas posing higher lung cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Ji
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| | - Yuqiong Guo
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| | - Jinjian Ding
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Wenjun Hong
- Institute of Environmental and Health Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
- College of Quality and Safety Engineering, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Cai
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| | - Huifeng Yue
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| | - Xinghua Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory for Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, and Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ma L, Yang H, Xiao X, Chen Q, Lv W, Xu T, Jin Y, Wang W, Xiao Y. Co-exposure to sodium hypochlorite and cadmium induced locomotor behavior disorder by influencing neurotransmitter secretion and cardiac function in larval zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123070. [PMID: 38056588 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) and cadmium (Cd) are widely co-occurring in natural aquatic environment; however, no study has been conducted on effects of their combined exposure on aquatic organisms. To assess effects of exposure to NaClO and Cd in zebrafish larvae, we designed six treatment groups, as follows: control group, NaClO group (300 μg/L), 1/100 Cd group (48 μg/L), 1/30 Cd group (160 μg/L), NaClO+1/100 Cd group, and NaClO+1/30 Cd group analyzed behavior, neurological function and cardiac function. Results revealed that exposure to 1/30 Cd and NaClO+1/30 Cd caused abnormal embryonic development in larvae by altering body morphology and physiological indicators. Combined exposure to NaClO and 1/30 Cd affected the free-swimming activity and behavior of larvae in response to light-dark transition stimuli. Moreover, exposure to 1/30 Cd or NaClO+1/30 Cd resulted in a significant increase in tyrosine hydroxylase and acetylcholinesterase activities, as well as significant changes of various neurotransmitters. Lastly, exposure to 1/30 Cd or NaClO+1/30 Cd influenced the transcription of cardiac myosin-related genes and disturbed the myocardial contractile function. Altogether, our results suggested that combined exposure to NaClO and Cd induced oxidative damage in larvae, resulting in detrimental effects on nervous system and cardiac function, thus altering their swimming behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xingning Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Qu Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Wentao Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Ting Xu
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Yuanxiang Jin
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Jiang D, Xu Y, Han X, Yang L, Li Q, Yang Y, Wang Y, Guo A, Li H, Fan Z, Chao L. Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate exposure induces reproductive functional defects in men and male mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 271:116003. [PMID: 38286103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Cresyl Diphenyl Phosphate (CDP), as a novel organophosphate esters (OPEs), achieves widely used and exposed in multiple industries. However, its male reproductive toxicity and underlying mechanism remains unclear. In vivo, male mice were gavaged with CDP (0, 4, 20, or 100 mg/kg/d) for 8 weeks. And we treated TM3, TM4 and GC-2 cells with 0, 10, 25, and 50 μM CDP for 24 h to detect its reproductive toxicity effect in vitro. In our study, we revealed that CDP inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in mice testis and GC-2 cells, thereby leading to the decreased sperm quality. In mechanism, CDP trigger the oxidative stress and ROS production, thus partially causing DNA damage and cell apoptosis. Moreover, CDP exposure causes injury to Ledyig cells and Sertoli cells, thus disturbing the testicular microenvironment and inhibiting spermatogonia proliferation. In conclusion, this research reveals multiple adverse impacts of CDP on the male reproductive system and calls for further study of the toxicological effects of CDP on human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danni Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yang Xu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Linyi People's Hospital, Shandong University, No. 27, East Section of Jiefang Road, Lin'yi, Shandong 276003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Han
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Qianni Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Anliang Guo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Huihui Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Zhihao Fan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Lan Chao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua West Road, Ji'nan, Shandong 250012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu F, Liu Y, Wang W, Yang S, Gao Y, Shi W, Hou H, Chen J, Guo R. Toxicity of TPhP on the gills and intestines of zebrafish from the perspectives of histopathology, oxidative stress and immune response. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 908:168212. [PMID: 37918726 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
As an organophosphate ester (OPE), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) has been frequently detected in aquatic environments, and its environmental risk has been widely studied. The gills and intestines are the most important part of the mucosal immune barrier in fish as the first line of defense against the invasion of harmful substances. TPhP is more abundant in the gill and intestine of fish. However, knowledge of the toxic effects and potential mechanisms of TPhP on the intestine and gill is limited. Herein, the adverse effects of TPhP (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mg/L) on the gills and intestines of zebrafish after 75 days of exposure were investigated from the perspectives of histology, oxidative stress and immune level. The histological results of exposed zebrafish showed that TPhP caused significant damage to gills and intestines. TPhP significantly increased the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and glutathione s-transferase (GST), inducing oxidative damage to lipids, proteins, and DNA. Meanwhile, the immune function of the gills and intestines was significantly influenced by TPhP, as evidenced by the upregulation of the expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), upregulation of the content of complement 3 (C3) and complement 4 (C4), and downregulation of the activity of lysozyme (LZM) and the content of immunoglobulin M (IgM). Oxidative stress and the immune response were more severe in the gills. These findings indicate that TPhP, a typical OPE, caused tissue damage in aquatic organisms by inducing oxidative stress and immune damage and has strong environmental toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanrui Yu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wuyue Wang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shunsong Yang
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yaqian Gao
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Wei Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haiyan Hou
- Qinhuai District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ruixin Guo
- School of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X, Leung CW, Cai Z, Hu D. PM 2.5-Bound Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Hong Kong: Occurrence, Origins, and Source-Specific Health Risks. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:14289-14298. [PMID: 37695108 PMCID: PMC10537441 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are emerging organic pollutants in PM2.5, which have caused significant public health concerns in recent years, given their potential carcinogenic and neurotoxic effects. However, studies on the sources, occurrence, and health risk assessment of PM2.5-bound OPFRs in Hong Kong are lacking. To address this knowledge gap, we characterized 13 OPFRs in one-year PM2.5 samples using gas chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings showed that OPFRs were present at a median concentration of 4978 pg m-3 (ranging from 1924 to 8481 pg m-3), with chlorinated OPFRs dominating and accounting for 82.7% of the total OPFRs. Using characteristic source markers and positive matrix factorization, we identified one secondary formation and five primary sources of OPFRs. Over 94.0% of PM2.5-bound OPFRs in Hong Kong were primarily emitted, with plastic processing and waste disposal being the leading source (61.0%), followed by marine vessels (14.1%). The contributions of these two sources to OPFRs were more pronounced on days influenced by local pollution emissions (91.9%) than on days affected by regional pollution (44.2%). Our assessment of health risks associated with human exposure to PM2.5-bound OPFRs indicated a low-risk level. However, further source-specific health risk assessment revealed relatively high noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from chlorinated OPFRs emitted from plastic processing and waste disposal, suggesting a need for more stringent emission control of OPFRs from these sources in Hong Kong.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong
Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chin Wai Leung
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong
Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong
Kong 999077, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
| | - Di Hu
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong
Kong 999077, P. R. China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P. R. China
- HKBU
Institute of Research and Continuing Education, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, Shenzhen 518057, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang Q, Ma W, Zhu J. Combined Toxicities of Di-Butyl Phthalate and Polyethylene Terephthalate to Zebrafish Embryos. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11050469. [PMID: 37235283 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11050469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The increasing concern for the ecological risks of microplastics (MPs) as carriers of hydrophobic organic contaminants is evident. Di-butyl phthalate (DBP) is extensively utilized as an additive in plastic products, and both DBP and MPs are widespread in the environment. However, the combined toxicity of these substances remains uncertain. In this study, zebrafish embryos were employed to assess the toxic effects of polyethylene terephthalate (PET, MPs) and DBP, with a focus on the DBP toxicities influenced by PET. The embryonic chorion was partially covered by PET particles, and PET led to a delayed hatching of zebrafish embryos without inducing death or teratogenesis. On the other hand, exposure to DBP considerably inhibited the hatching of embryos, leading to severe lethal and teratogenic effects. The most common phenotypes induced by DBP exposure were delayed yolk sac absorption and pericardial edema. The mortality increased in co-treatment with 100 particles/mL PET and 2 mg/L DBP at 24 hpf and 48 hpf. The malformation phenotype, bent notochord, and delayed yolk sac absorption became more severe in 1 mg/L DBP exposition with the co-exposure of 100 particles/mL PET at 72 hpf. PET might act as a carrier that enhances the bioavailability of ambient DBP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Wenjie Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Jingmin Zhu
- School of Fishery, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Change and Disaster in the Beibu Gulf, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang Y, He S, Qi Z, Chai X, Zhao Q, Hu B, Li G, Yu Y. Proliferation toxicity and mechanism of novel mixed bromine/chlorine transformation products of tetrabromobisphenol A on human embryonic stem cell. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131050. [PMID: 36821903 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Mixed bromine/chlorine transformation products of tetrabromobisphenol A (ClyBrxBPAs) are mixed halogenated-type compounds recently identified in electronic waste dismantling sites. There are a lack of toxicity data on these compounds. To study their development toxicity, the proliferation toxicity was investigated using human embryonic stem cells (hESC) exposed to the lowest effective dose of two ClyBrxBPA analogues (2-chloro-2',6-dibromobisphenol A and 2,2'-dichloro-6-monobromobisphenol A). For comparison, tetrabromobisphenol A, 2,2',6-tribromobisphenol A, and bisphenol A were also assessed. It was observed that ClyBrxBPAs inhibited hESCs proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. The cell bioaccumulation efficiency of ClyBrxBPAs was higher than that of tetrabromobisphenol A. Also, ClyBrxBPAs were more toxic than tetrabromobisphenol A, with 2,2'-dichloro-6-monobromobisphenol A exhibiting the most potent toxicity. Furthermore, flow cytometry and oxidative stress results showed that increased reactive oxygen species raised the degree of apoptosis and reduced DNA synthesis. Metabolomics analysis on the effect of ClyBrxBPAs on metabolic pathway alteration showed that ClyBrxBPAs mainly interfered with four metabolic pathways related to amino acid metabolism and biosynthesis. These results provide an initial perspective on the proliferation toxicity of ClyBrxBPAs, indicating development toxicity in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Synergy Innovation Institute of GDUT, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Shiyao He
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zenghua Qi
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xuyang Chai
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qiting Zhao
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Beibei Hu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Guiying Li
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Key Laboratory of City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li Y, Wang X, Zhu Q, Xu Y, Fu Q, Wang T, Liao C, Jiang G. Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Pregnant Women: Sources, Occurrence, and Potential Risks to Pregnancy Outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:7109-7128. [PMID: 37079500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are found in various environmental matrixes and human samples. Exposure to OPFRs during gestation may interfere with pregnancy, for example, inducing maternal oxidative stress and maternal hypertension during pregnancy, interfering maternal and fetal thyroid hormone secretion and fetal neurodevelopment, and causing fetal metabolic abnormalities. However, the consequences of OPFR exposure on pregnant women, impact on mother-to-child transmission of OPFRs, and harmful effects on fetal and pregnancy outcomes have not been evaluated. This review describes the exposure to OPFRs in pregnant women worldwide, based on metabolites of OPFRs (mOPs) in urine for prenatal exposure and OPFRs in breast milk for postnatal exposure. Predictors of maternal exposure to OPFRs and variability of mOPs in urine have been discussed. Mother-to-child transmission pathways of OPFRs have been scrutinized, considering the levels of OPFRs and their metabolites in amniotic fluid, placenta, deciduae, chorionic villi, and cord blood. The results showed that bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BDCIPP) and diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) were the two predominant mOPs in urine, with detection frequencies of >90%. The estimated daily intake (EDIM) indicates low risk when infants are exposed to OPFRs from breast milk. Furthermore, higher exposure levels of OPFRs in pregnant women may increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and influence the developmental behavior of infants. This review summarizes the knowledge gaps of OPFRs in pregnant women and highlights the crucial steps for assessing health risks in susceptible populations, such as pregnant women and fetuses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaqian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Qiuguo Fu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research (UFZ), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thanh Wang
- Man-Technology-Environment (MTM) Research Centre, Örebro University, Örebro 701 82, Sweden
| | - Chunyang Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Environmental and Health Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances, Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430056, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cui H, Chang Y, Cao J, Jiang X, Li M. Liver immune and lipid metabolism disorders in mice induced by triphenyl phosphate with or without high fructose and high fat diet. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136543. [PMID: 36150489 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) are frequently detected in food and human samples, and epidemiological studies have found that human exposure to aryl-OPFRs (triphenyl phosphate, TPP) is associated with lipid metabolism. Although toxicity studies suggest a potential obesity risk from TPP exposure, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. This study investigated the subchronic dietary effects on mouse liver significantly changed proteins (SCPs) and elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms of TPP with or without a high-fructose and high-fat (HFF) diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to low-dose TPP (corresponding to the oral reference dose, 10 μg/kg body weight (bw)/day) and high-dose TPP (1000 μg/kg bw/day) for 12 weeks. The results showed that exposure to TPP generated changes of liver function and organelle damage as well as increases in total cholesterol and triglyceride levels. TPP exposure at a low dose damaged the liver immune system via major histocompatibility complex-related proteins involved in antigen processing and presentation. TPP exposure at a high dose caused disorders of the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and steroid hormones, thereby inducing lipid accumulation in the liver. Although 10 μg/kg TPP did not cause serious lipid metabolism disorders in the liver, significant overexpression of fatty acid-binding protein 5, malic enzyme 1, and other related SCPs was observed, which led to disorders of cholesterol metabolism and lipogenesis to activate the proliferator-activated receptor signaling pathway and thus induced potential obesity risks. In addition, lipid metabolism disorders related to TPP were aggravated under the HFF diet, impairing liver mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum function in mice by altering the activity of cytochrome P450 enzyme subfamilies. These findings provide an in-depth understanding of the molecular toxicity mechanisms and health risks associated with subchronic exposure to TPP under different dietary regimes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yeqian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jing Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jannuzzi AT, Yilmaz Goler AM, Alpertunga B. Ubiquitin proteasomal system is a potential target of the toxic effects of organophosphorus flame retardant triphenyl phosphate. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:104005. [PMID: 36367495 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of the widely used flame retardant Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) is increasing. It is now frequently detected in the environment and also domestically. Although the possibility of dermal exposure to TPP is quite high, little is known about its potential molecular toxicity mechanisms. In this study, we found that TPP caused cytotoxicity on human skin keratinocytes (HaCaT) and significantly inhibited the proliferation and cell migration in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, HaCaT cells were sensitive to TPP-induced apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species production was induced with TPP, which increased the protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation levels. Moreover, TPP inhibited proteasome activity and increased the accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins. Exposure to TPP significantly increased the HSP90, HSP70, GRP94 and GRP78 protein levels. Overall, our findings indicate that TPP may pose a risk to human health and contribute to the current understanding of the risks of TPP at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Tarbin Jannuzzi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Ayse Mine Yilmaz Goler
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine/Genetic and Metabolic Diseases Research and Investigation Center, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Buket Alpertunga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Istanbul Health and Technology University, Istanbul, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Li M, Liu G, Yuan LX, Yang J, Liu J, Li Z, Yang C, Wang J. Triphenyl phosphate (TPP) promotes hepatocyte toxicity via induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inhibition of autophagy flux. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 840:156461. [PMID: 35660595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPP), a commonly used organophosphate flame retardant, is frequently found in environmental and biota samples, indicating widespread human exposure. Recent studies have shown that TPP causes hepatotoxicity, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are not fully elucidated. Here, by using normal hepatocyte AML12 cells as a model, we showed that TPP induced apoptotic cell death. RNA sequencing analyses revealed that differentially expressed genes induced by TPP were related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and autophagy. Immunostaining and western blot results further confirmed that TPP activated ER stress. Interestingly, though TPP increased LC3-II, a canonical marker for autophagy, TPP inhibited autophagy flux rather than induced autophagy. Interestingly, TPP-induced ER stress facilitated autophagy flux inhibition and apoptosis. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy aggravated, and activation of autophagy attenuated apoptosis induced by TPP. Collectively, these results uncovered that ER stress and autophagy flux inhibition were responsible for TPP-induced apoptosis in mouse hepatocytes. Thus, our foundlings provided novel insight into the potential mechanisms of TPP-induced hepatocyte toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miaoran Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Li-Xia Yuan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Zhijie Li
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Chuanbin Yang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China.
| | - Jigang Wang
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen 518020, China; School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Artemisinin Research Center, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wang Q, Li Y, Chen Y, Tian L, Gao D, Liao H, Kong C, Chen X, Junaid M, Wang J. Toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics and polybrominated diphenyl ethers to zebrafish (Danio rerio). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 126:21-33. [PMID: 35597397 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastics (NPs) are good carriers of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and can alter their bioavailability and toxic impacts to aquatic organisms. This study highlights the single and combined toxic effects of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) and 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47, one of the dominant congeners of PBDEs) on zebrafish embryos after an exposure duration of up to 120 hpf. Results showed that PS-NPs and BDE-47 co-exposure exacerbated the morphological deformities in terms of pericardial edema, yolk sac edema and curved tail in zebrafish larvae. Compared to BDE-47 single exposure, the combined exposure caused lower survival rates, shorter body lengths, and accelerated spontaneous movements. Further, PS-NPs were quickly aggregated on the surface of the embryonic chorions covered almost the entire membrane at 12 and 48 hpf, and concentration dependent accumulation was also found in the brain, mouth, trunk, gills, heart, liver and gastrointestinal tract at the larval stages. During the recovery period (7 days), PS-NPs were released from all the organs, with the highest elimination from the gastrointestinal tract. Histopathological examination revealed that co-exposure caused greater damage to retinal structures, muscle fibers and cartilage tissues. Responses of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis (CRH, TSHβ, NIS, TTR, Dio2, TG, TRα and TRβ) and reproduction (Esr2 and Vtg1) related genes were also investigated, and results showed that the co-exposure induced more significant upregulated expressions of TSHβ, TG, Doi 2, and TRβ, compared to BDE-47 single exposure. In conclusion, co-exposure to NPs and BDE-47 exacerbated developmental and thyroid toxicity in zebrafish, generally elucidating the toxicological effects mediated by complex chemical interactions between NPs with POPs in the freshwater environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuping Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yizheng Li
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yurou Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Liyan Tian
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Dandan Gao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongping Liao
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chunmiao Kong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xikun Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Muhammad Junaid
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jun Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Institute of Eco-Environmental Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qiao L, Gao L, Huang D, Liu Y, Xu C, Li D, Zheng M. Screening of ToxCast Chemicals Responsible for Human Adverse Outcomes with Exposure to Ambient Air. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:7288-7297. [PMID: 35318849 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution poses a major threat to global public health. Although there have been a few investigations into the relationships between organic pollutants and adverse outcomes, the responsible components and molecular mechanisms may be ignored. In this study, a suspect screening method combining comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF MS) with the Toxicity Forecaster (ToxCast) database was applied to analyze complex hydrophobic compounds in ambient air and prospectively figure out toxicologically significant compounds. Seventy-six ToxCast compounds were screened, including seven pollutants receiving less attention and five chemicals never published in the air previously. Given the concentrations, bioactivities, as well as absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties in vivo, 29 contaminants were assigned high priority since they had active biological effects in the vascular, lung, liver, kidney, prostate, and bone tissues. Phenotypic linkages of key pollutants to potential mechanistic pathways were explored by systems toxicology. A total of 267 chemical-effect pathways involving 29 toxicants and 31 molecular targets were mapped in bipartite network, in which 12 key pathogenic pathways were clarified, which not only provided evidence supporting the previous hypothesis but also provided new insights into the molecular targets. The results would facilitate the development of pollutant priority control, population intervention, and clinical therapeutic strategies so as to substantially reduce human health hazards induced by urban air.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 330106, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Di Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Da Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Minghui Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute of Environment and Health, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 330106, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zheng JL, Chen X, Peng LB, Wang D, Zhu QL, Li J, Han T. Particles rather than released Zn 2+ from ZnO nanoparticles aggravate microplastics toxicity in early stages of exposed zebrafish and their unexposed offspring. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127589. [PMID: 34740155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge on the interaction between microplastics (MPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is limited. Here, we investigated effects of embryo-larvae exposure to 500 μg/L polystyrene MPs (5 µm), 1200 μg/L ZnO NPs (< 100 nm), 500 μg/L dissolved Zn2+ from ZnSO4, and the mixtures of MPs and ZnO NPs or ZnSO4 on exposed F0 larvae and unexposed F1 larvae. Consequently, ZnO particles adhered to MPs surfaces rather than Zn2+, and increased Zn transport into larvae. Growth inhibition, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and disturbance of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis were induced by MPs and ZnO NPs alone, which were further aggravated by their co-exposure in F0 larvae. MPs + ZnO increased apoptotic cells in the gill and esophagus compared with MPs and ZnO NPs alone. Reduced growth and antioxidant capacity and down-regulated GH/IGF axis were merely observed in F1 larvae from F0 parents exposed to MPs + ZnO. Contrary to ZnO NPs, dissolved Zn2+ reversed MPs toxicity, suggesting the protective role of Zn2+ may be not enough to ameliorate thfie negative effects of ZnO particles. To summarize, we found that particles rather than released Zn2+ from ZnO nanoparticles amplified MPs toxicity in early stages of exposed zebrafish and their unexposed offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| | - Xiao Chen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Li-Bin Peng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Dan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Qing-Ling Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jiji Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Tao Han
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hong H, Zhao Y, Huang L, Zhong D, Shi D. Bone developmental toxicity of organophosphorus flame retardants TDCIPP and TPhP in marine medaka Oryzias melastigma. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 223:112605. [PMID: 34371453 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The global phase-out has decreased the use of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), thereby, rapidly increasing the production and use of their important surrogates, organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs). Currently, OPFRs are often found at higher levels in the environments compared to PBDEs. Although the two typical OPFRs, tris (1,3-dichloroisopropyl) phosphate (TDCIPP) and triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), have been frequently detected in marine environments with significant concentrations, their toxicity to marine organisms remains unknown. We used Oryzias melastigma to investigate and compare their developmental toxicity in marine organisms through two-generational chronic exposure. The results showed that TDCIPP and TPhP exposure shortened the body length and length of the pectoral fin of O. melastigma. Both TDCIPP and TPhP deformed the pectoral fins in the 1st fry and caused spinal curvature in adult fish. Therefore, these two chemicals may pose potential risks to marine fish and marine ecosystems. Further studies suggested that although these two chemicals caused similar developmental bone toxicity, they had different modes of modulating the expression of bone developmental genes such as, bmp4, bmp2 and runx2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haizheng Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| | - Yunchen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Lingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Daiyin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dalin Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Cao Y, Zhao M, Ma X, Song Y, Zuo S, Li H, Deng W. A critical review on the interactions of microplastics with heavy metals: Mechanism and their combined effect on organisms and humans. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 788:147620. [PMID: 34029813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although individual toxicity of microplastics (MPs) to organism has been widely studied, limited knowledge is available on the interactions between heavy metals and MPs, as well as potential biological impacts from their combinations. The interaction between MPs and heavy metals may alter their environmental behaviors, bioavailability and potential toxicity, leading to ecological risks. In this paper, an overview of different sources of heavy metals on MPs is provided. Then the recent achievements in adsorption isotherms, adsorption kinetics and interaction mechanism between MPs and heavy metals are discussed. Besides, the factors that influence the adsorption of heavy metals on MPs such as polymer properties, chemical properties of heavy metals, and other environmental factors are also considered. Furthermore, potential combined toxic effects from MPs and heavy metals on organisms and human health are further summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanxiao Cao
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China.
| | - Mengjie Zhao
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Xianying Ma
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Yongwei Song
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Shihan Zuo
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Honghu Li
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| | - Wenzhuo Deng
- Research Center for Environment and Health, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China; School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Qi Z, Yang C, Liao X, Song Y, Zhao L, Liang X, Su Y, Chen ZF, Li R, Dong C, Cai Z. Taurine reduction associated with heart dysfunction after real-world PM 2.5 exposure in aged mice. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 782:146866. [PMID: 33848856 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient PM2.5 has been proved to be an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases; however, little information is available on the age-dependent effects of PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system and the underlying mechanisms following chronic exposure. In this study, multi-aged mice were exposed to PM2.5 via the newly developed real-ambient PM2.5 exposure system to investigate age-related effects on the heart after long-term exposure. First, the chemical and physical properties of PM2.5 used in the exposure system were analyzed. The heart rate of conscious mice was recorded, and results showed that exposure of aged mice to PM2.5 for 26 weeks significantly increased heart rate. Histological analysis and ELISA assays indicated that aged mice were more sensitive to PM2.5 exposure in terms of inducing cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, untargeted metabolomics revealed that taurine was involved with the PM2.5-induced cardiac dysfunction. The reduced taurine concentration in the heart was examined by LC-MS and imaging mass spectrometry; it may be due to the increased p53 expression level, ROS and inflammatory cytokines. These results emphasize the age-dependent effects of PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system and suggest that taurine may be the novel cardiac effect target for PM2.5-induced heart dysfunction in the aged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Qi
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chun Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Xiaoliang Liao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Liang
- School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuping Su
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Shi Q, Guo W, Shen Q, Han J, Lei L, Chen L, Yang L, Feng C, Zhou B. In vitro biolayer interferometry analysis of acetylcholinesterase as a potential target of aryl-organophosphorus flame-retardants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 409:124999. [PMID: 33454525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) have been implicated as neurotoxicants, but their potential neurotoxicity and mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the neurotoxicity of selected OPFRs using zebrafish as a model organism. Environmentally relevant concentrations (3-1500 nM) of three classes of OPFRs (aryl-OPFRs, chlorinated-OPFRs, and alkyl-OPFRs) were tested in zebrafish larvae (2-144 h post-fertilisation) alongside the neurotoxic chemical chlorpyrifos (CPF) that inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Exposure to aryl-OPFRs and CPF inhibited AChE activities, while chlorinated- and alkyl-OPFRs did not inhibit these enzymes. Biolayer interferometry (BLI) was used to probe interactions between OPFRs and AChE. The association and dissociation response curves showed that, like CPF, all three selected aryl-OPFRs, triphenyl phosphate (TPHP), tricresyl phosphate (TCP) and cresyl diphenyl phosphate (CDP), bound directly to AChE. The affinity constant (KD) for TPHP, TCP, CDP and CPF was 2.18 × 10-4, 5.47 × 10-5, 1.05 × 10-4 and 1.70 × 10-5 M, respectively. In addition, molecular docking revealed that TPHP, TCP, CDP and CPF bound to AChE with glide scores of - 7.8, - 8.3, - 8.1 and - 7.3, respectively. Furthermore, the calculated binding affinity between OPFRs and AChE correlated well with the KD values measured by BLI. The present study revealed that aryl-OPFRs can act as potent AChE inhibitors, and may therefore present a significant ecological risk to aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qipeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Wei Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, School of Life Sciences, Center for Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qiancheng Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jian Han
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lianguo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Lihua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Bingsheng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Liu X, Zhao R, Ding Q, Yao X, Tsang SY. TRPC7 regulates the electrophysiological functions of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:262. [PMID: 33941260 PMCID: PMC8091699 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02308-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Biological pacemakers consisting of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes are potentially useful for treating bradycardia. However, tachyarrhythmia caused by derived cardiomyocytes themselves is one of main barriers hampering their clinical translation. An in-depth understanding of the mechanisms underlying the spontaneous action potential (a.k.a. automaticity) might provide potential approaches to solve this problem. The aim of this project is to study the role of canonical transient receptor potential isoform 7 (TRPC7) channels in regulating the automaticity of embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (ESC-CMs). Methods and results By Western blotting, the expression of TRPC7 was found to be increased during the differentiation of mouse ESC-CMs (mESC-CMs). Adenovirus-mediated TRPC7 knockdown decreased while overexpression increased the frequency of Ca2+ transients (CaTs), local Ca2+ releases (LCRs), and action potentials (APs) as detected by confocal microscopy and whole-cell patch-clamping. TRPC7 was found to be positively associated with the activity of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2), sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), and sodium-calcium exchanger (NCX) but not hyperpolarization-activated, cyclic nucleotide-gated channel (HCN), and inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R). Knockdown or overexpression of TRPC7 did not alter the expression of HCN4, Cav1.3, Cav3.1, Cav3.2, IP3R1, RyR2, and SERCA but positively regulated the phosphorylation of RyR2 at S2814 and phospholamban (PLN) at T17. Moreover, the positive regulation of APs by TRPC7 was Ca2+-dependent, as overexpression of N-terminus of TRPC7 (dominant negative of TRPC7) which diminished the Ca2+ permeability of TRPC7 decreased the AP frequency. Conclusions TRPC7 regulates the automaticity of mESC-CMs through two mechanisms. On the one hand, TRPC7 positively regulates the intracellular Ca2+ clock through the regulation of activities of both RyR2 and SERCA; on the other hand, TRPC7 also positively regulates the membrane clock via its influence on NCX activity. Altogether, our study reveals that TRPC7 is a potential drug target to manipulate the action potential firing rate of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte-based biological pacemakers to prevent tachyarrhythmia, a condition that might be encountered after transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xianji Liu
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Suk Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine, Ministry of Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. .,Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang XY, Wang B, Xu S, Wang J, Gao L, Song YP, Lv JW, Xu FX, Li J, Chen J, Cui AQ, Zhang C, Wang H, Xu DX. Reactive oxygen species-evoked genotoxic stress mediates arsenic-induced suppression of male germ cell proliferation and decline in sperm quality. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124768. [PMID: 33310327 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether genotoxic stress mediates arsenic (As)-induced decline in sperm quality. Mice drank ultrapure water containing NaAsO2 (15 mg/L) for 70 days. The mature seminiferous tubules and epididymal sperm count were reduced in As-exposed mice. Cell proliferation, determined by immunostaining with Ki67, was suppressed in As-exposed seminiferous tubules and GC-1 cells. PCNA, a proliferation marker, was reduced in As-exposed mouse testes. Cell growth index was decreased in As-exposed GC-1 cells. Flow analysis showed that As-exposed GC-1 cells were retarded at G2/M phase. CDK1 and cyclin B1 were reduced in As-exposed GC-1 cells and mouse testes. Additional experiment revealed that p-ATR, a marker of genotoxic stress, was elevated in As-exposed mouse testes and GC-1 cells. Accordingly, p-p53 and p21, two downstream molecules of ATR, were increased in As-exposed GC-1 cells. Excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), measured by immunofluorescence, and DNA-strand break, determined by Comet assay, were observed in As-exposed GC-1 cells. γH2AX, a marker of DNA-strand break, was elevated in As-exposed seminiferous tubules and GC-1 cells. NAC alleviated As-evoked DNA damage, genotoxic stress, cell proliferation inhibition and sperm count reduction. In conclusion, ROS-evoked genotoxic stress mediates As-induced germ cell proliferation inhibition and decline in sperm quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yi Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Ya-Ping Song
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Jin-Wei Lv
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Fei-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - An-Qi Cui
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Liao X, Zou T, Chen M, Song Y, Yang C, Qiu B, Chen ZF, Tsang SY, Qi Z, Cai Z. Contamination profiles and health impact of benzothiazole and its derivatives in PM 2.5 in typical Chinese cities. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 755:142617. [PMID: 33045602 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although benzothiazole and its derivatives (BTHs) are considered emerging contaminants in diverse environments and organisms, little information is available about their contamination profiles and health impact in ambient particles. In this study, an optimized method of ultrasound-assisted extraction coupled with the selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mode of GC-EI-MS/MS was applied to characterize and analyze PM2.5-bound BTHs from three cities of China (Guangzhou, Shanghai, and Taiyuan) during the winter of 2018. The total BTH concentration (ΣBTHs) in PM2.5 samples from the three cities decreased in the order of Guangzhou > Shanghai > Taiyuan, independently of the PM2.5 concentration. Despite the large variation in concentration of ΣBTHs in PM2.5, 2-hydroxybenzothiazole (OTH) was always the predominant compound among the PM2.5-bound BTHs and accounted for 50-80% of total BTHs in the three regions. Results from human exposure assessment and toxicity screening indicated that the outdoor exposure risk of PM2.5-bound BTHs in toddlers was much higher than in adults, especially for OTH. The developmental and reproduction toxicity of OTH was further explored in vivo and in vitro. Exposure of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) to OTH for 48 h significantly increased the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induced DNA damage and apoptosis via the functionally activating p53 expression. In addition, the growth and development of zebrafish embryos were found to be severely affected after OTH treatment. An overall metabolomics study was conducted on the exposed zebrafish larvae. The results indicated that exposure to OTH inhibited the phenylalanine hydroxylation reaction, which further increased the accumulation of toxic phenylpyruvate and acetylphenylalanine in zebrafish. These findings provide important insights into the contamination profiles of PM2.5-bound BTHs and emphasize the health risk of OTH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Min Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bojun Qiu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suk Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zenghua Qi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhang R, Wang M, Chen X, Yang C, Wu L. Combined toxicity of microplastics and cadmium on the zebrafish embryos (Danio rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 743:140638. [PMID: 32679492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of microplastics (MPs) on organisms have drawn a worldwide attention in the recent years. In this study, zebrafish embryos were employed to assess the combined effects of MPs and cadmium (Cd) on the aquatic organisms. Lethal and sublethal effects were recorded at 8, 24, 32, 48 and 96 hpe (hour post exposure, hpe). The exposure under a series concentration of MPs and/or an environmental level Cd has the negative impacts on survival and heart rate (HR). And there was a positive correlation between MPs concentration and lethal and sublethal toxicity under combined exposure. The physiological parameters showed that the mixture of two stressors had the antagonistic toxicity under low concentration of MPs (0.05, 0.1 mg/L) while the synergistic sublethal toxicity under high levels of MPs (1, 5, 10 mg/L) on zebrafish embryos. Both the scanning electron micrographs (SEM) and fluorescence microscope photos suggested an electrostatic interaction and weak physical forces generated between MPs and chorion membrane. It is inferred that the 10 μm MPs could induce the protective effect of chorion membrane and cause complex toxicities with Cd. But when it involved with other pollutants, the toxic effects and mechanism are still waiting to be figured out.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Run Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Changming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China
| | - Lingling Wu
- Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment of the Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cui H, Chang Y, Jiang X, Li M. Triphenyl phosphate exposure induces kidney structural damage and gut microbiota disorders in mice under different diets. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2020; 144:106054. [PMID: 32818822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of humans to organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and the consequent health risk have increased owing to the latter's widespread application. Although triphenyl phosphate (TPP), an OPFR, is a potential chemical determinant of liver function damage, its effects on kidney function in mice under high fructose/fat (HFF) diet are still unclear. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were fed HFF to generate an obesity model and mice were exposed to low dose (0.01 mg/kg/day; TPP-L) and high dose (1 mg/kg/day; TPP-H) of TPP for 12 weeks. Results showed that TPP-L and TPP-H combined with HFF, as well as TPP-H alone, caused kidney structural damage and gut microbiota disorders in mice. Inflammatory response induced by nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65)/nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) and caspase-3 promoted kidney structure damage, as well as accumulation of triglyceride and total cholesterol and the protein residues in urine. Although TPP-L did not cause obvious structural damage in the kidneys, 0.01 mg/kg TPP induced significant inflammation and gut microbiota disorders. These findings provide new insights regarding health risk assessment after chronic exposure to TPP and HFF alone, as well as a combination of TPP with HFF in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yeqian Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Mei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Qi Z, Zhang Y, Chen ZF, Yang C, Song Y, Liao X, Li W, Tsang SY, Liu G, Cai Z. Chemical identity and cardiovascular toxicity of hydrophobic organic components in PM 2.5. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110827. [PMID: 32535366 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Numerous experimental and epidemiological studies have demonstrated that exposure to PM2.5 may result in pathogenesis of several major cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which can be attributed to the combined adverse effects induced by the complicated components of PM2.5. Organic materials, which are major components of PM2.5, contain thousands of chemicals, and most of them are environmental hazards. However, the contamination profile and contribution to overall toxicity of PM2.5-bound organic components (OCs) have not been thoroughly evaluated yet. Herein, we aim to provide an overview of the literature on PM2.5-bound hydrophobic OCs, with an emphasis on the chemical identity and reported impairments on the cardiovascular system, including the potential exposure routes and mechanisms. We first provide an update on the worldwide mass concentration and composition data of PM2.5, and then, review the contamination profile of PM2.5-bound hydrophobic OCs, including constitution, concentration, distribution, formation, source, and identification. In particular, the link between exposure to PM2.5-bound hydrophobic OCs and CVDs and its possible underlying mechanisms are discussed to evaluate the possible risks of PM2.5-bound hydrophobic OCs on the cardiovascular system and to provide suggestions for future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zenghua Qi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Weiquan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Suk Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guoguang Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hao H, Dang Y, Chen S, Sun Q, Kong R, Cheng S, Liu C. Effects of triphenyl phosphate on ciliate protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila following acute exposure and sub-chronic exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 200:110757. [PMID: 32454264 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Triphenyl phosphate (TPHP) is one of the most widely used organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and is frequently detected in a variety of environmental media. Previous studies reported that TPHP had toxic effects on vertebrates, but little toxic information was available in lower trophic aquatic organisms which were more sensitive to the exposure of many toxic substances. In this study, protozoa Tetrahymena thermophila (T. thermophila) were exposed to 0, 0.01, 0.17 or 2.35 mg/L TPHP for 5 days to study the effects of sub-chronic exposure on theoretical population, cell viability, cell size and number of cilia. Additionally, the effects of TPHP on gene transcription were assessed by transcriptome sequencing technique (RNA-Seq). Cell viability and number of cilia were significantly reduced in all TPHP exposure groups compared with the control. In addition, exposure to 0.17 or 2.35 mg/L TPHP significantly reduced the theoretical population, circumference and body width, and there was a significant decrease in body length in the 2.35 mg/L exposure group. Comparative transcriptome sequencing identified a total of 4105 up- and 4487 down-regulated genes after exposure to 2.35 mg/L TPHP for 5 days compared with the control. KEGG analysis showed that dysfunction of pathways associated with ribosome, spliceosome, phagosome, proteasome and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum in this study might be responsible for the toxicity of T. thermophila caused by TPHP. In general, the results indicated that TPHP had an adverse effect on the protozoa T. thermophila.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yao Dang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Health Risk Assessment, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510655, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Qian Sun
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ren Kong
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shiyang Cheng
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunsheng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chen M, Liao X, Yan SC, Gao Y, Yang C, Song Y, Liu Y, Li W, Tsang SY, Chen ZF, Qi Z, Cai Z. Uptake, Accumulation, and Biomarkers of PM 2.5-Associated Organophosphate Flame Retardants in C57BL/6 Mice after Chronic Exposure at Real Environmental Concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:9519-9528. [PMID: 32609501 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c02237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Although the bioaccumulation of organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) in aquatic organisms has been investigated, little information is available about their bioaccumulation in mammals following chronic inhalation exposure. To address this knowledge gap, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 7 PM2.5-associated OPFRs via the trachea to study their bioaccumulation, tissue distribution, and urinary metabolites. Low (corresponding to the real PM2.5 concentrations occurring during winter in Guangzhou), medium, and high dosages were examined. After 72 days' exposure, ∑OPFR concentrations in tissues from mice in the medium dosage group decreased in the order of intestine > heart > stomach > testis > kidney > spleen > brain > liver > lung > muscle. Of the OPFRs detected in all three exposure groups, chlorinated alkyl OPFRs were most heavily accumulated in mice. We found a significant positive correlation between the bioaccumulation ratio and octanol-air partition coefficient (KOA) in mice tissues for low log KOW OPFR congeners (log KOW ≤ 4, p < 0.05). Three urinary metabolites (di-p-cresyl phosphate: DCrP, diphenyl phosphate: DPhP, dibutyl phosphate: DnBP) were detected from the high dosage group. These results provide important insights into the bioaccumulation potential of OPFRs in mammals and emphasize the health risk of chlorinated alkyl OPFRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiaoliang Liao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shi-Chao Yan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanpeng Gao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Weiquan Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Suk-Ying Tsang
- School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhi-Feng Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zenghua Qi
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Catalysis and Health Risk Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Li M, Yao Y, Wang Y, Bastiaensen M, Covaci A, Sun H. Organophosphate ester flame retardants and plasticizers in a Chinese population: Significance of hydroxylated metabolites and implication for human exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 257:113633. [PMID: 31761590 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are widely used as flame retardants, plasticizers and defoamers and their exposure are likely associated with a number of adverse effects in humans. In this study, tris(chloroethyl) phosphate and thirteen OPE metabolites including six hydroxylated OPEs (HO-OPEs) were analyzed in 46 urine samples, collected from 8 provinces located across different regions in China. 1-Hydroxy-2-propyl bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (BCIPHIPP) and 2-hydroxyethyl bis(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (BBOEHEP) were major metabolites of their parent compounds with detection frequencies of 54.3%-89.1%, which were all higher than their corresponding OPE diesters (2.2%-6.5%). The urine-based estimated daily intake (EDI) of OPEs ranged from 0.06 ng/kg·bw for tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) to 273 ng/kg·bw for 2-ethylhexyl phenyl phosphate. Analyzed with concentrations in paired dust samples, dust exposure to OPEs and their diesters may explain 0.28%-23.8% of the urine-based EDI of OPEs and the contribution of dust TBOEP was the highest. Although direct exposure to OPE diesters in dust showed a minor contribution, their intake via food and drinking water may account for a larger portion of urinary OPE metabolites. Overall, the hazard quotients of four OPEs indicated no immediate exposure risk for the investigated Chinese residents but the cumulative and long-term chronic effects involving exposure to other OPEs and OPE diesters are worth further concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengqi Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yiming Yao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Yu Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Michiel Bastiaensen
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Adrian Covaci
- Toxicological Center, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| |
Collapse
|