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Luo P, Lu L, Xu R, Jiang L, Li G. Gaining Insight into Updated MR Imaging for Quantitative Assessment of Cartilage Injury in Knee Osteoarthritis. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2024; 26:311-320. [PMID: 38809506 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-024-01152-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) entails progressive cartilage degradation, reviewed via MRI for morphology, biochemical composition, and microtissue alterations, discussing clinical advantages, limitations, and research applicability. RECENT FINDINGS Compositional MRI, like T2/T2* mapping, T1rho mapping, gagCEST, dGEMRIC, sodium imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and diffusion-tensor imaging, provide insights into cartilage injury in KOA. These methods quantitatively measure collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and water content, revealing important information about biochemical compositional and microstructural alterations. Innovative techniques like hybrid multi-dimensional MRI and diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging show potential in depicting initial cartilage changes at a sub-voxel level. Integration of automated image analysis tools addressed limitations in manual cartilage segmentation, ensuring robust and reproducible assessments of KOA cartilage. Compositional MRI techniques reveal microstructural changes in cartilage. Multi-dimensional MR imaging assesses biochemical alterations in KOA-afflicted cartilage, aiding early degeneration identification. Integrating artificial intelligence enhances cartilage analysis, optimal diagnostic accuracy for early KOA detection and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Luo
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Li Lu
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Run Xu
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Guanwu Li
- Department of Radiology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 110 Ganhe Rd, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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Han V, Reeder CP, Hernández-Morales M, Liu C. Any-nucleus distributed active programmable transmit coil. Magn Reson Med 2024; 92:389-405. [PMID: 38342981 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.30044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are 118 known elements. Nearly all of them have NMR active isotopes and at least 39 different nuclei have biological relevance. Despite this, most of today's MRI is based on only one nucleus-1H. To facilitate imaging all potential nuclei, we present a single transmit coil able to excite arbitrary nuclei in human-scale MRI. THEORY AND METHODS We present a completely new type of RF coil, the Any-nucleus Distributed Active Programmable Transmit Coil (ADAPT Coil), with fast switches integrated into the structure of the coil to allow it to operate at any relevant frequency. This coil eliminates the need for the expensive traditional RF amplifier by directly converting direct current (DC) power into RF magnetic fields with frequencies chosen by digital control signals sent to the switches. Semiconductor switch imperfections are overcome by segmenting the coil. RESULTS Circuit simulations demonstrated the effectiveness of the ADAPT Coil approach, and a 9 cm diameter surface ADAPT Coil was implemented. Using the ADAPT Coil, 1H, 23Na, 2H, and 13C phantom images were acquired, and 1H and 23Na ex vivo images were acquired. To excite different nuclei, only digital control signals were changed, which can be programmed in real time. CONCLUSION The ADAPT Coil presents a low-cost, scalable, and efficient method for exciting arbitrary nuclei in human-scale MRI. This coil concept provides further opportunities for scaling, programmability, lowering coil costs, lowering dead-time, streamlining multinuclear MRI workflows, and enabling the study of dozens of biologically relevant nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Charlie P Reeder
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Miriam Hernández-Morales
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Chunlei Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA
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Arponen O, McLean MA, Nanaa M, Manavaki R, Baxter GC, Gill AB, Riemer F, Kennerley AJ, Woitek R, Kaggie JD, Brackenbury WJ, Gilbert FJ. 23Na MRI: inter-reader reproducibility of normal fibroglandular sodium concentration measurements at 3 T. Eur Radiol Exp 2024; 8:75. [PMID: 38853182 PMCID: PMC11162986 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To study the reproducibility of 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements from breast tissue in healthy volunteers. METHODS Using a dual-tuned bilateral 23Na/1H breast coil at 3-T MRI, high-resolution 23Na MRI three-dimensional cones sequences were used to quantify total sodium concentration (TSC) and fluid-attenuated sodium concentration (FASC). B1-corrected TSC and FASC maps were created. Two readers manually measured mean, minimum and maximum TSC and mean FASC values using two sampling methods: large regions of interest (LROIs) and small regions of interest (SROIs) encompassing fibroglandular tissue (FGT) and the highest signal area at the level of the nipple, respectively. The reproducibility of the measurements and correlations between density, age and FGT apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were evaluatedss. RESULTS Nine healthy volunteers were included. The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC using SROIs and LROIs was excellent (intraclass coefficient range 0.945-0.979, p < 0.001), except for the minimum TSC LROI measurements (p = 0.369). The mean/minimum LROI TSC and mean LROI FASC values were lower than the respective SROI values (p < 0.001); the maximum LROI TSC values were higher than the SROI TSC values (p = 0.009). TSC correlated inversely with age but not with FGT ADCs. The mean and maximum FGT TSC and FASC values were higher in dense breasts in comparison to non-dense breasts (p < 0.020). CONCLUSIONS The chosen sampling method and the selected descriptive value affect the measured TSC and FASC values, although the inter-reader reproducibility of the measurements is in general excellent. RELEVANCE STATEMENT 23Na MRI at 3 T allows the quantification of TSC and FASC sodium concentrations. The sodium measurements should be obtained consistently in a uniform manner. KEY POINTS • 23Na MRI allows the quantification of total and fluid-attenuated sodium concentrations (TSC/FASC). • Sampling method (large/small region of interest) affects the TSC and FASC values. • Dense breasts have higher TSC and FASC values than non-dense breasts. • The inter-reader reproducibility of TSC and FASC measurements was, in general, excellent. • The results suggest the importance of stratifying the sodium measurements protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otso Arponen
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Mary A McLean
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Muzna Nanaa
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Roido Manavaki
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Gabrielle C Baxter
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Andrew B Gill
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Frank Riemer
- Department of Radiology, Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre (MMIV), Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Aneurin J Kennerley
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Sports and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - Ramona Woitek
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and AI (MIAAI), Danube Private University, Krems, Austria
| | - Joshua D Kaggie
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - William J Brackenbury
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, York, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Fiona J Gilbert
- Department of Radiology, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Box 218, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
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Rubin EB, Schmidt AM, Koff MF, Kogan F, Gao K, Majumdar S, Potter H, Gold GE. Advanced MRI Approaches for Evaluating Common Lower Extremity Injuries in Basketball Players: Current and Emerging Techniques. J Magn Reson Imaging 2024; 59:1902-1913. [PMID: 37854004 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.29019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide accurate and non-invasive diagnoses of lower extremity injuries in athletes. Sport-related injuries commonly occur in and around the knee and can affect the articular cartilage, patellar tendon, hamstring muscles, and bone. Sports medicine physicians utilize MRI to evaluate and diagnose injury, track recovery, estimate return to sport timelines, and assess the risk of recurrent injury. This article reviews the current literature and describes novel developments of quantitative MRI tools that can further advance our understanding of sports injury diagnosis, prevention, and treatment while minimizing injury risk and rehabilitation time. Innovative approaches for enhancing the early diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal injuries in basketball players span a spectrum of techniques. These encompass the utilization of T2, T1ρ, and T2* quantitative MRI, along with dGEMRIC and Na-MRI to assess articular cartilage injuries, 3D-Ultrashort echo time MRI for patellar tendon injuries, diffusion tensor imaging for acute myotendinous injuries, and sagittal short tau inversion recovery and axial long-axis T1-weighted, and 3D Cube sequences for bone stress imaging. Future studies should further refine and validate these MR-based quantitative techniques while exploring the lifelong cumulative impact of basketball on players' knees. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elka B Rubin
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew M Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Matthew F Koff
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Feliks Kogan
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kenneth Gao
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Sharmila Majumdar
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hollis Potter
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Garry E Gold
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
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5
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Birchall JR, Horvat-Menih I, Kaggie JD, Riemer F, Benjamin AJV, Graves MJ, Wilkinson I, Gallagher FA, McLean MA. Quantitative 23Na magnetic resonance imaging in the abdomen at 3 T. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2024:10.1007/s10334-024-01167-6. [PMID: 38822992 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-024-01167-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the feasibility of sodium-23 MRI for performing quantitative and non-invasive measurements of total sodium concentration (TSC) and relaxation in a variety of abdominal organs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proton and sodium imaging of the abdomen was performed in 19 healthy volunteers using a 3D cones sequence and a sodium-tuned 4-rung transmit/receive body coil on a clinical 3 T system. The effects of B1 non-uniformity on TSC measurements were corrected using the double-angle method. The long-component of 23Na T2* relaxation time was measured using a series of variable echo-times. RESULTS The mean and standard deviation of TSC and long-component 23Na T2* values were calculated across the healthy volunteer group in the kidneys, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), liver, gallbladder, spleen, aorta, and inferior vena cava. DISCUSSION Mean TSC values in the kidneys, liver, and spleen were similar to those reported using 23Na-MRI previously in the literature. Measurements in the CSF and gallbladder were lower, potentially due to the reduced spatial resolution achievable in a clinically acceptable scan time. Mean long-component 23Na T2* values were consistent with previous reports from the kidneys and CSF. Intra-population standard error was larger in smaller, fluid-filled structures due to fluid motion and partial volume effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Frank Riemer
- Department of Radiology, Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital Helse Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Ian Wilkinson
- Cambridge Cardiovascular, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Giovannetti G, Flori A, Martini N, Cademartiri F, Aquaro GD, Pingitore A, Frijia F. Hardware and Software Setup for Quantitative 23Na Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 3T: A Phantom Study. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:2716. [PMID: 38732822 PMCID: PMC11085578 DOI: 10.3390/s24092716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance (MR) with sodium (23Na) is a noninvasive tool providing quantitative biochemical information regarding physiology, cellular metabolism, and viability, with the potential to extend MR beyond anatomical proton imaging. However, when using clinical scanners, the low detectable 23Na signal and the low 23Na gyromagnetic ratio require the design of dedicated radiofrequency (RF) coils tuned to the 23Na Larmor frequency and sequences, as well as the development of dedicated phantoms for testing the image quality, and an MR scanner with multinuclear spectroscopy (MNS) capabilities. In this work, we propose a hardware and software setup for evaluating the potential of 23Na magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a clinical scanner. In particular, the reliability of the proposed setup and the reproducibility of the measurements were verified by multiple acquisitions from a 3T MR scanner using a homebuilt RF volume coil and a dedicated sequence for the imaging of a phantom specifically designed for evaluating the accuracy of the technique. The final goal of this study is to propose a setup for standardizing clinical and research 23Na MRI protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Giovannetti
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Alessandra Flori
- Bioengineering Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.)
| | - Nicola Martini
- Bioengineering Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.)
| | - Filippo Cademartiri
- Department of Radiology, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Donato Aquaro
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area Pathology, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Pingitore
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Council of Research, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (G.G.); (A.P.)
| | - Francesca Frijia
- Bioengineering Unit, Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (A.F.)
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Löffler MT, Akkaya Z, Bhattacharjee R, Link TM. Biomarkers of Cartilage Composition. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2024; 28:26-38. [PMID: 38330968 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has significantly advanced the understanding of osteoarthritis (OA) because it enables visualization of noncalcified tissues. Cartilage is avascular and nurtured by diffusion, so it has a very low turnover and limited capabilities of repair. Consequently, prevention of structural and detection of premorphological damage is key in maintaining cartilage health. The integrity of cartilage composition and ultrastructure determines its mechanical properties but is not accessible to morphological imaging. Therefore, various techniques of compositional MRI with and without use of intravenous contrast medium have been developed. Spin-spin relaxation time (T2) and spin-lattice relaxation time constant in rotating frame (T1rho) mapping, the most studied cartilage biomarkers, were included in the recent standardization effort by the Quantitative Imaging Biomarkers Alliance (QIBA) that aims to make compositional MRI of cartilage clinically feasible and comparable. Additional techniques that are less frequently used include ultrashort echo time with T2*, delayed gadolinium-enhanced MRI of cartilage (dGEMRIC), glycosaminoglycan concentration by chemical exchange-dependent saturation transfer (gagCEST), sodium imaging, and diffusion-weighted MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian T Löffler
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Zehra Akkaya
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rupsa Bhattacharjee
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Thomas M Link
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, California
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Heiss R, Tol JL, Pogarell T, Roemer FW, Reurink G, Renoux J, Crema MD, Guermazi A. Imaging of muscle injuries in soccer. Skeletal Radiol 2023:10.1007/s00256-023-04514-1. [PMID: 37991553 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of muscle injuries is a challenge in everyday clinical practice and may have profound impact on the recovery and return-to-play decisions of professional athletes particularly in soccer. Imaging techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in addition to the medical history and clinical examination, make a significant contribution to the timely structural assessment of muscle injuries. The severity of a muscle injury determined by imaging findings has a decisive influence on therapy planning and affects prognosis. Imaging is of high importance when the diagnosis or grade of injury is unclear, when recovery is taking longer than expected, and when interventional or surgical management may be needed. This narrative review will discuss ultrasound and MRI for the assessment of sports-related muscle injuries in the context of soccer, including advanced imaging techniques, with the focus on the clinical relevance of imaging findings for the prediction of return to play.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Heiss
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Johannes L Tol
- Aspetar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Musculoskeletal Health and Sports, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Pogarell
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Frank W Roemer
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Guus Reurink
- Musculoskeletal Health and Sports, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jerome Renoux
- Institute of Sports Imaging, Sports Medicine Department, French National Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Michel D Crema
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Sports Imaging, Sports Medicine Department, French National Institute of Sports (INSEP), Paris, France
| | - Ali Guermazi
- Quantitative Imaging Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
- VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B106, West Roxbury, MA, 02132, USA.
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Russo F, Ambrosio L, Giannarelli E, Vorini F, Mallio CA, Quattrocchi CC, Vadalà G, Papalia R, Denaro V. Innovative quantitative magnetic resonance tools to detect early intervertebral disc degeneration changes: a systematic review. Spine J 2023; 23:1435-1450. [PMID: 37247638 DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability worldwide, with a tremendous socioeconomic burden. It is mainly caused by intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), a progressive and age-related process. Due to its ability to accurately characterize intervertebral disc morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as one of the most valuable tools in diagnosing IDD. Innovative quantitative MRI (qMRI) techniques able to detect the earliest signs of IDD have been increasingly reported. PURPOSE To systematically review available reports on the application of novel qMRI techniques to detect early IDD changes. STUDY DESIGN Systematic literature review. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, CENTRAL and Cochrane databases was performed through January 21, 2023. Randomized and nonrandomized studies on innovative qMRI tools able to diagnose early biochemical and architectural IDD changes in patients with or without discogenic LBP were searched. Data on study population, follow-up time (when applicable) and MRI sequence used were recorded. The QUADAS-2 tool was utilized to assess the risk of bias of included studies. RESULTS A total of 39 articles published between 2005 and 2022 resulted from the search. All novel qMRI techniques showed an increased capacity to detect early IDD changes thanks to the ability to assess subtle alterations of water content, proteoglycan and glycosaminoglycan concentration, and increased levels of catabolic biomarkers compared to conventional MRI. CONCLUSIONS Innovative qMRI techniques have proven effective in identifying premature IDD changes. Further studies are needed to validate their application in wider populations and confirm their applicability in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Russo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ambrosio
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy.
| | - Eugenio Giannarelli
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Vorini
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo A Mallio
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo C Quattrocchi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Diagnostic Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vadalà
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Rocco Papalia
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy; Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Denaro
- Operative Research Unit of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
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Maxouri O, Bodalal Z, Daal M, Rostami S, Rodriguez I, Akkari L, Srinivas M, Bernards R, Beets-Tan R. How to 19F MRI: applications, technique, and getting started. BJR Open 2023; 5:20230019. [PMID: 37953866 PMCID: PMC10636348 DOI: 10.1259/bjro.20230019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in the routine imaging workflow, providing both anatomical and functional information. 19F MRI is an evolving imaging modality where instead of 1H, 19F nuclei are excited. As the signal from endogenous 19F in the body is negligible, exogenous 19F signals obtained by 19F radiofrequency coils are exceptionally specific. Highly fluorinated agents targeting particular biological processes (i.e., the presence of immune cells) have been visualised using 19F MRI, highlighting its potential for non-invasive and longitudinal molecular imaging. This article aims to provide both a broad overview of the various applications of 19F MRI, with cancer imaging as a focus, as well as a practical guide to 19F imaging. We will discuss the essential elements of a 19F system and address common pitfalls during acquisition. Last but not least, we will highlight future perspectives that will enhance the role of this modality. While not an exhaustive exploration of all 19F literature, we endeavour to encapsulate the broad themes of the field and introduce the world of 19F molecular imaging to newcomers. 19F MRI bridges several domains, imaging, physics, chemistry, and biology, necessitating multidisciplinary teams to be able to harness this technology effectively. As further technical developments allow for greater sensitivity, we envision that 19F MRI can help unlock insight into biological processes non-invasively and longitudinally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Leila Akkari
- Division of Tumor Biology and Immunology, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lineham B, Wijayathunga H, Moran E, Shuweihdi F, Gupta H, Pandit H, Wijayathunga N. A systematic review demonstrating correlation of MRI compositional parameters with clinical outcomes following articular cartilage repair interventions in the knee. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2023; 5:100388. [PMID: 37560388 PMCID: PMC10407572 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2023.100388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Compositional-MRI parameters enable the assessment of cartilage ultrastructure. Correlation of these parameters with clinical outcomes is unclear. This systematic review investigated the correlation of various compositional- MRI parameters with clinical outcome measures following cartilage repair or regeneration interventions in the knee. DESIGN This study was registered with PROSPERO and reported in accordance with PRISMA. PubMed, Institute of Science Index, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Embase databases were searched. All studies, regardless of type, that presented correlation of compositional- MRI parameters with clinical outcome measures were included. Two researchers independently performed data extraction and QUADAS-2 analysis. Compositional-MRI parameter change following intervention and correlation with clinical outcome measures were evaluated. RESULTS 19 studies were included. Risk of bias was generally low. 5 different compositional parameters were observed from the included studies. However, due to the significant variability in the reporting of compositional-MRI parameters across studies, meta-analyses were possible only for T2 values and T2 index values (T2 value of repair cartilage relative to normal cartilage). Correlation of T2 values of repair cartilage with clinical outcome score was r = 0.33 [0.15, 0.52]. Correlation of T2 index with clinical outcome score was r = 0.52 [0.32, 0.77]. CONCLUSIONS Correlation between T2 values and clinical outcome scores following knee cartilage repair were found. The heterogeneity of the correlations extracted from the included studies limited the scope for the meta-analysis. Thus, standardised, high-quality studies are required for better assessment of correlation between compositional MRI parameters and clinical outcome measures after cartilage repair. REGISTRATION NUMBER PROSPERO CRD42021287364.Study protocol available on PROSPERO website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beth Lineham
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
| | | | - Emma Moran
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Harun Gupta
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Hemant Pandit
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Medicine, University of Leeds, UK
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12
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Hayashi D, Roemer FW, Tol JL, Heiss R, Crema MD, Jarraya M, Rossi I, Luna A, Guermazi A. Emerging Quantitative Imaging Techniques in Sports Medicine. Radiology 2023; 308:e221531. [PMID: 37552087 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.221531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
This article describes recent advances in quantitative imaging of musculoskeletal extremity sports injuries, citing the existing literature evidence and what additional evidence is needed to make such techniques applicable to clinical practice. Compositional and functional MRI techniques including T2 mapping, diffusion tensor imaging, and sodium imaging as well as contrast-enhanced US have been applied to quantify pathophysiologic processes and biochemical compositions of muscles, tendons, ligaments, and cartilage. Dual-energy and/or spectral CT has shown potential, particularly for the evaluation of osseous and ligamentous injury (eg, creation of quantitative bone marrow edema maps), which is not possible with standard single-energy CT. Recent advances in US technology such as shear-wave elastography or US tissue characterization as well as MR elastography enable the quantification of mechanical, elastic, and physical properties of tissues in muscle and tendon injuries. The future role of novel imaging techniques such as photon-counting CT remains to be established. Eventual prediction of return to play (ie, the time needed for the injury to heal sufficiently so that the athlete can get back to playing their sport) and estimation of risk of repeat injury is desirable to help guide sports physicians in the treatment of their patients. Additional values of quantitative analyses, as opposed to routine qualitative analyses, still must be established using prospective longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Hayashi
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Frank W Roemer
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Johannes L Tol
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Rafael Heiss
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Michel D Crema
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Mohamed Jarraya
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Ignacio Rossi
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Antonio Luna
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
| | - Ali Guermazi
- From the Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.); Quantitative Imaging Center, Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H., F.W.R., M.D.C., A.G.); Department of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.W.R., R.H.); University of Amsterdam Academic Center for Evidence-based Sports Medicine, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (J.L.T.); Institute of Sports Imaging, French National Institute of Sports, Paris, France (M.D.C.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (M.J.); Centro Rossi, Buenos Aires, Argentina (I.R.); Department of Radiology, HT Medica, Jaén, Spain (A.L.); and Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University School of Medicine, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.)
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13
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Wu T, Liu C, Thamizhchelvan AM, Fleischer C, Peng X, Liu G, Mao H. Label-Free Chemically and Molecularly Selective Magnetic Resonance Imaging. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:121-139. [PMID: 37235188 PMCID: PMC10207347 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Biomedical imaging, especially molecular imaging, has been a driving force in scientific discovery, technological innovation, and precision medicine in the past two decades. While substantial advances and discoveries in chemical biology have been made to develop molecular imaging probes and tracers, translating these exogenous agents to clinical application in precision medicine is a major challenge. Among the clinically accepted imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) exemplify the most effective and robust biomedical imaging tools. Both MRI and MRS enable a broad range of chemical, biological and clinical applications from determining molecular structures in biochemical analysis to imaging diagnosis and characterization of many diseases and image-guided interventions. Using chemical, biological, and nuclear magnetic resonance properties of specific endogenous metabolites and native MRI contrast-enhancing biomolecules, label-free molecular and cellular imaging with MRI can be achieved in biomedical research and clinical management of patients with various diseases. This review article outlines the chemical and biological bases of several label-free chemically and molecularly selective MRI and MRS methods that have been applied in imaging biomarker discovery, preclinical investigation, and image-guided clinical management. Examples are provided to demonstrate strategies for using endogenous probes to report the molecular, metabolic, physiological, and functional events and processes in living systems, including patients. Future perspectives on label-free molecular MRI and its challenges as well as potential solutions, including the use of rational design and engineered approaches to develop chemical and biological imaging probes to facilitate or combine with label-free molecular MRI, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhe Wu
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Claire Liu
- F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Anbu Mozhi Thamizhchelvan
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Candace Fleischer
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Xingui Peng
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of
Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School
of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Guanshu Liu
- F.M.
Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
- Russell
H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Hui Mao
- Department
of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory
University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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14
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Ruck L, Mennecke A, Wilferth T, Lachner S, Müller M, Egger N, Doerfler A, Uder M, Nagel AM. Influence of image contrasts and reconstruction methods on the classification of multiple sclerosis-like lesions in simulated sodium magnetic resonance imaging. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1102-1116. [PMID: 36373186 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the classifiability of small multiple sclerosis (MS)-like lesions in simulated sodium (23 Na) MRI for different 23 Na MRI contrasts and reconstruction methods. METHODS 23 Na MRI and 23 Na inversion recovery (IR) MRI of a phantom and simulated brain with and without lesions of different volumes (V = 1.3-38.2 nominal voxels) were simulated 100 times by adding Gaussian noise matching the SNR of real 3T measurements. Each simulation was reconstructed with four different reconstruction methods (Gridding without and with Hamming filter, Compressed sensing (CS) reconstruction without and with anatomical 1 H prior information). Based on the mean signals within the lesion volumes of simulations with and without lesions, receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were determined and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated to assess the classifiability for each lesion volume. RESULTS Lesions show higher classifiability in 23 Na MRI than in 23 Na IR MRI. For typical parameters and SNR of a 3T scan, the voxel normed minimal classifiable lesion volume (AUC > 0.9) is 2.8 voxels for 23 Na MRI and 19 voxels for 23 Na IR MRI, respectively. In terms of classifiability, Gridding with Hamming filter and CS without anatomical 1 H prior outperform CS reconstruction with anatomical 1 H prior. CONCLUSION Reliability of lesion classifiability strongly depends on the lesion volume and the 23 Na MRI contrast. Additional incorporation of 1 H prior information in the CS reconstruction was not beneficial for the classification of small MS-like lesions in 23 Na MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Ruck
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angelika Mennecke
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Wilferth
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lachner
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Müller
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nico Egger
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Doerfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany.,Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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15
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Vaeggemose M, Schulte RF, Laustsen C. Clinically feasible B 1 field correction for multi-organ sodium imaging at 3 T. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 36:e4835. [PMID: 36115017 PMCID: PMC10078323 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sodium MRI allows the non-invasive quantification of intra-organ sodium concentration. RF inhomogeneity introduces uncertainty in this estimated concentration. B1 field corrections can be used to overcome some of these limitations. However, the low signal-to-noise ratio in sodium MRI makes accurate B1 mapping in reasonable scan times challenging. The study aims to evaluate Bloch-Siegert off-resonance (BLOSI) B1 field correction for sodium MRI using a 3D Fermat looped, orthogonally encoded trajectories (FLORET) read-out trajectory. We propose a clinically feasible B1 field map correction method for sodium imaging at 3 T, evaluating five healthy subjects' brain, heart blood, kidneys, and thigh muscle. We scanned the subjects twice for repeatability measures and used sodium phantoms to determine organ total sodium concentration. Conventional proton scans were compared with sodium images for organ structural integrity. The BLOSI approach based on the 3D FLORET read-out trajectory was used in B1 field correction and 3D density-adapted radial acquisition for sodium imaging. Results indicate improvements in sodium imaging based on B1 field correction in a clinically feasible protocol. Improvements are determined in all organs by enhanced anatomical representation, organ homogeneity, and an increase in the total sodium concentration after applying a B1 field correction. The proposed BLOSI-based B1 field correction using a 3D FLORET read-out trajectory is clinically feasible for sodium imaging, which is shown in the brain, heart, kidney, and thigh muscle. This supports using fast B1 field mapping in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Vaeggemose
- GE HealthcareBrondbyDenmark
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | | | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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16
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Starke L, Millward JM, Prinz C, Sherazi F, Waiczies H, Lippert C, Nazaré M, Paul F, Niendorf T, Waiczies S. First in vivo fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging of the multiple sclerosis drug siponimod. Theranostics 2023; 13:1217-1234. [PMID: 36923535 PMCID: PMC10008739 DOI: 10.7150/thno.77041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Theranostic imaging methods could greatly enhance our understanding of the distribution of CNS-acting drugs in individual patients. Fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging (19F MRI) offers the opportunity to localize and quantify fluorinated drugs non-invasively, without modifications and without the application of ionizing or other harmful radiation. Here we investigated siponimod, a sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) receptor antagonist indicated for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS), to determine the feasibility of in vivo 19F MR imaging of a disease modifying drug. Methods: The 19F MR properties of siponimod were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. Four MRI methods were investigated to determine which was the most sensitive for 19F MR imaging of siponimod under biological conditions. We subsequently administered siponimod orally to 6 mice and acquired 19F MR spectra and images in vivo directly after administration, and in ex vivo tissues. Results: The 19F transverse relaxation time of siponimod was 381 ms when dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, and substantially reduced to 5 ms when combined with serum, and to 20 ms in ex vivo liver tissue. Ultrashort echo time (UTE) imaging was determined to be the most sensitive MRI technique for imaging siponimod in a biological context and was used to map the drug in vivo in the stomach and liver. Ex vivo images in the liver and brain showed an inhomogeneous distribution of siponimod in both organs. In the brain, siponimod accumulated predominantly in the cerebrum but not the cerebellum. No secondary 19F signals were detected from metabolites. From a translational perspective, we found that acquisitions done on a 3.0 T clinical MR scanner were 2.75 times more sensitive than acquisitions performed on a preclinical 9.4 T MR setup when taking changes in brain size across species into consideration and using equivalent relative spatial resolution. Conclusion: Siponimod can be imaged non-invasively using 19F UTE MRI in the form administered to MS patients, without modification. This study lays the groundwork for more extensive preclinical and clinical investigations. With the necessary technical development, 19F MRI has the potential to become a powerful theranostic tool for studying the time-course and distribution of CNS-acting drugs within the brain, especially during pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludger Starke
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jason M Millward
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Prinz
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,SRH Fernhochschule - The Mobile University, Riedlingen, Germany
| | - Fatima Sherazi
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Lippert
- Hasso Plattner Institute for Digital Engineering, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marc Nazaré
- Medicinal Chemistry, Leibniz-Institut fϋr Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Friedemann Paul
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Kolwelter J, Kannenkeril D, Linz P, Jung S, Nagel AM, Bosch A, Ott C, Bramlage P, Nöh L, Schiffer M, Uder M, Achenbach S, Schmieder RE. The SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content in patients with chronic heart failure: results from a placebo-controlled randomised trial. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:134-144. [PMID: 36289063 PMCID: PMC9849317 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02119-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have cardiovascular protective properties in addition to the metabolic effects and represent a cornerstone of treating patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). We hypothesised that empagliflozin reduces tissue sodium content in patients with CHF. METHODS In a double-blind, randomised (2:1), placebo-controlled, parallel-group, clinical trial, 74 patients with NYHA class II-III CHF and an ejection fraction of 49% or less received empagliflozin 10 mg once daily or placebo for 3 months. In each patient, tissue sodium content of the lower leg was assessed non-invasively by sodium-MRI (23Na-MRI) at baseline, after 1 and 3 months of treatment. RESULTS After 1 and 3 months treatment with empagliflozin (n = 48), a significant decrease in skin sodium content was observed (1 month: 22.8 ± 6.1 vs. 21.6 ± 6.0 AU, p = 0.039; 3 months: 22.9 ± 6.1 vs. 21.6 ± 6.1 AU, p = 0.013), while there was no change in muscle sodium and muscle water content. In direct comparison, the change in skin sodium content between baseline and 3 months was - 1.3 ± 3.5 AU in the empagliflozin group versus 0.6 ± 3.5 AU in the placebo group (p for between-group difference = 0.022). No significant difference regarding change in muscle sodium and in muscle water content was observed after 3 months treatment between the two groups. CONCLUSION This trial showed a significant decrease in skin sodium content after 1 and 3 months of treatment with empagliflozin. The decrease in skin sodium content may reflect a decrease in subclinical micro-oedema or/and in non-osmotic bound tissue sodium, both reported to impair left ventricular function. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT03128528 ( http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov ). TRIAL REGISTRATION DATE 25th April 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Kolwelter
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany ,grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dennis Kannenkeril
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Linz
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany ,grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Jung
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M. Nagel
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany ,grid.7497.d0000 0004 0492 0584Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Agnes Bosch
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Ott
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany ,grid.511981.5Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Peter Bramlage
- grid.476473.50000 0004 8389 0378Institute for Pharmacology and Preventive Medicine, Cloppenburg, Germany
| | - Lisa Nöh
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario Schiffer
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan Achenbach
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Roland E. Schmieder
- grid.5330.50000 0001 2107 3311Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Ulmenweg 18, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Advanced MR Imaging for Knee Osteoarthritis: A Review on Local and Brain Effects. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 13:diagnostics13010054. [PMID: 36611346 PMCID: PMC9818324 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of chronic disability worldwide and is a significant social and economic burden on healthcare systems; hence it has become essential to develop methods to identify patients at risk for developing knee osteoarthritis at an early stage. Standard morphological MRI sequences are focused mostly on alterations seen in advanced stages of osteoarthritis. However, they possess low sensitivity for early, subtle, and potentially reversible changes of the degenerative process. In this review, we have summarized the state of the art with regard to innovative quantitative MRI techniques that exploit objective and quantifiable biomarkers to identify subtle alterations that occur in early stages of osteoarthritis in knee cartilage before any morphological alteration occurs and to capture potential effects on the brain. These novel MRI imaging tools are believed to have great potential for improving the current standard of care, but further research is needed to address limitations before these compositional techniques can be robustly applied in research and clinical settings.
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Wilferth T, Mennecke A, Gast LV, Lachner S, Müller M, Rothhammer V, Huhn K, Uder M, Doerfler A, Nagel AM, Schmidt M. Quantitative 7T sodium magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain using a 32-channel phased-array head coil: Application to patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2022; 35:e4806. [PMID: 35892310 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Apparent tissue sodium concentrations (aTSCs) determined by 23 Na brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have the potential to serve as a biomarker in pathologies such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the quantification is hindered by the intrinsically low signal-to-noise ratio of 23 Na MRI. The purpose of this study was to improve the accuracy and reliability of quantitative 23 Na brain MRI by implementing a dedicated postprocessing pipeline and to evaluate the applicability of the developed approach for the examination of MS patients. 23 Na brain MRI measurements of 13 healthy volunteers and 17 patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) were performed at 7 T using a dual-tuned 23 Na/1 H birdcage coil with a receive-only 32-channel phased array. The aTSC values were determined for normal appearing white matter (NAWM) and normal appearing gray matter (NAGM) in healthy subjects and SPMS patients. Signal intensities were normalized using the mean cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sodium concentration determined in 37 separate patients receiving a spinal tap for routine diagnostic purposes. Five volunteers underwent MRI examinations three times in a row to assess repeatability. Coefficients of variation (CoVs) were used to quantify the repeatability of the proposed method. aTSC values were compared regarding brain regions and subject cohort using the paired-samples Wilcoxon rank-sum test. Laboratory CSF sodium concentration did not differ significantly between patients without and with MS (p = 0.42). The proposed quantification workflow for 23 Na MRI was highly repeatable with CoVs averaged over all five volunteers of 1.9% ± 0.9% for NAWM and 2.2% ± 1.6% for NAGM. Average NAWM aTSC was significantly higher in patients with SPMS compared with the control group (p = 0.009). Average NAGM aTSC did not differ significantly between healthy volunteers and MS patients (p = 0.98). The proposed postprocessing pipeline shows high repeatability and the results can serve as a baseline for further studies establishing 23 Na brain MRI as a biomarker in diseases such as MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wilferth
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Angelika Mennecke
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Lena V Gast
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lachner
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Max Müller
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Konstantin Huhn
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Doerfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Schmidt
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Zaric O, Beiglböck H, Janacova V, Szomolanyi P, Wolf P, Krebs M, Trattnig S, Krššák M, Juras V. Repeatability assessment of sodium ( 23Na) MRI at 7.0 T in healthy human calf muscle and preliminary results on tissue sodium concentrations in subjects with Addison's disease. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:925. [PMID: 36266679 PMCID: PMC9585786 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05879-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the relaxation times of the sodium nucleus, and to investigate the repeatability of quantitative, in vivo TSC measurements using sodium magnetic resonance imaging (23Na-MRI) in human skeletal muscle and explore the discriminatory value of the method by comparing TSCs between healthy subjects and patients with Addison's disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this prospective study, ten healthy subjects and five patients with Addison's disease were involved. 23Na-MRI data sets were acquired using a density-adapted, three-dimensional radial projection reconstruction pulse sequence (DA-3DPR) with a modification for the relaxation times measurements. Differences in TSC between muscle groups and between healthy participants were analysed using a nonparametric Friedman ANOVA test. An interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used as the repeatability index. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for evaluation of differences in TSC between study participants. RESULTS The mean T1 in the gastrocnemius medialis (GM), the tibialis anterior (TA), and the soleus (S) was 25.9 ± 2.0 ms, 27.6 ± 2.0 ms, and 28.2 ± 2.0 ms, respectively. The mean short component of T2*, T2*short were GM: 3.6 ± 2.0 ms; TA: 3.2 ± 0.5 ms; and S: 3.0 ± 1.0 ms, and the mean long component of T2*, T2*long, were GM: 12.9 ± 0.9 ms; TA: 12.8 ± 0.7 ms; and S: 12.9 ± 2.0 ms, respectively. In healthy volunteers, TSC values in the GM were 19.9 ±0.1 mmol/L, 13.8 ±0.2 mmol/L in TA, and 12.6 ± 0.2 mmol/L in S, and were significantly different (p = 0.0005). The ICCs for GM, TA and S were 0.784, 0.818, 0.807, respectively. In patients with Addison's disease, TSC in GC, TA, and S were 10.2 ± 1.0 mmol/L, 8.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L, and 7.2 ± 0.1 mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSIONS TSC quantification in a healthy subject's calf at 7.0 T is reliable; the technique is able to distinguish sodium level differences between muscles and between healthy subjects and Addison's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgica Zaric
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Research Center for Medical Image Analysis and Artificial Intelligence (MIAAI), Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Danube Private University GmbH (DPU), Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Hannes Beiglböck
- Department of Medicine III (Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Janacova
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavol Szomolanyi
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement Science, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Wolf
- Department of Medicine III (Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Krebs
- Department of Medicine III (Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegfried Trattnig
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Clinical Molecular MRI, Christian Doppler Forschungsgesellschaft, Vienna, Austria.
- Institute for Clinical Molecular MRI in Musculoskeletal System, Karl Landsteiner Society, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Martin Krššák
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medicine III (Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism), Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vladimir Juras
- High-Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Carboxymethyl chitosan-assisted MnOx nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, detection and cartilage repair in early osteoarthritis. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 294:119821. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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22
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Sanchez‐Heredia JD, Olin RB, Grist JT, Wang W, Bøgh N, Zhurbenko V, Hansen ES, Schulte RF, Tyler D, Laustsen C, Ardenkjær‐Larsen JH. RF coil design for accurate parallel imaging on 13 C MRSI using 23 Na sensitivity profiles. Magn Reson Med 2022; 88:1391-1405. [PMID: 35635156 PMCID: PMC9328386 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a coil-based method to obtain accurate sensitivity profiles in 13 C MRI at 3T from the endogenous 23 Na. An eight-channel array is designed for 13 C MR acquisitions. As application examples, the array is used for two-fold accelerated acquisitions of both hyperpolarized 13 C metabolic imaging of pig kidneys and the human brain. METHODS A flexible coil array was tuned optimally for 13 C at 3T (32.1 MHz), with the coil coupling coefficients matched to be nearly identical at the resonance frequency of 23 Na (33.8 MHz). This is done by enforcing a high decoupling (obtained through highly mismatched preamplifiers) and adjusting the coupling frequency response. The SNR performance is compared to reference coils. RESULTS The measured sensitivity profiles on a phantom showed high spatial similarity for 13 C and 23 Na resonances, with average noise correlation of 9 and 11%, respectively. For acceleration factors 2, 3, and 4, the obtained maximum g-factors were 1.0, 1.1, and 2.6, respectively. The 23 Na profiles obtained in vivo could be used successfully to perform two-fold acceleration of hyperpolarized 13 C 3D acquisitions of both pig kidneys and a healthy human brain. CONCLUSION A receive array has been developed in such a way that the 13 C sensitivity profiles could be accurately obtained from measurements at the 23 Na frequency. This technique facilitates accelerated acquisitions for hyperpolarized 13 C imaging. The SNR performance obtained at the 13 C frequency, compares well to other state-of-the-art coils for the same purpose, showing slightly better superficial and central SNR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rie B. Olin
- Department of Health TechnologyTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
| | - James T. Grist
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of RadiologyOxford University Hospitals TrustOxfordUK
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Wenjun Wang
- National Space InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
| | - Nikolaj Bøgh
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Vitaliy Zhurbenko
- National Space InstituteTechnical University of DenmarkKgs. LyngbyDenmark
| | - Esben S. Hansen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | | | - Damian Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Christoffer Laustsen
- MR Research Centre, Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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23
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Handa P, Samkaria A, Sharma S, Arora Y, Mandal PK. Comprehensive Account of Sodium Imaging and Spectroscopy for Brain Research. ACS Chem Neurosci 2022; 13:859-875. [PMID: 35324144 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium (23Na) is a vital component of neuronal cells and plays a key role in various signal transmission processes. Hence, information on sodium distribution in the brain using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides useful information on neuronal health. 23Na MRI and MR spectroscopy (MRS) improve the diagnosis, prognosis, and clinical monitoring of neurological diseases but confront some inherent limitations that lead to low signal-to-noise ratio, longer scan time, and diminished partial volume effects. Recent advancements in multinuclear MR technology have helped in further exploration in this domain. We aim to provide a comprehensive description of 23Na MRI and MRS for brain research including the following aspects: (a) theoretical background for understanding 23Na MRI and MRS fundamentals; (b) technological advancements of 23Na MRI with respect to pulse sequences, RF coils, and sodium compartmentalization; (c) applications of 23Na MRI in the early diagnosis and prognosis of various neurological disorders; (d) structural-chronological evolution of sodium spectroscopy in terms of its numerous applications in human studies; (e) the data-processing tools utilized in the quantitation of sodium in the respective anatomical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Handa
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122051, India
| | - Avantika Samkaria
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122051, India
| | - Shallu Sharma
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122051, India
| | - Yashika Arora
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122051, India
| | - Pravat K. Mandal
- Neuroimaging and Neurospectroscopy (NINS) Laboratory, National Brain Research Centre, Gurgaon 122051, India
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne School of Medicine Campus, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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Abstract
Purpose of Review The regulation of blood pressure is conventionally conceptualised into the product of “circulating blood volume” and “vasoconstriction components”. Over the last few years, however, demonstration of tissue sodium storage challenged this dichotomous view. Recent Findings We review the available evidence pertaining to this phenomenon and the early association made with blood pressure; we discuss open questions regarding its originally proposed hypertonic nature, recently challenged by the suggestion of a systemic, isotonic, water paralleled accumulation that mirrors absolute or relative extracellular volume expansion; we present the established and speculate on the putative implications of this extravascular sodium excess, in either volume-associated or -independent form, on blood pressure regulation; finally, we highlight the prevalence of high tissue sodium in cardiovascular, metabolic and inflammatory conditions other than hypertension. Summary We conclude on approaches to reduce sodium excess and on the potential of emerging imaging technologies in hypertension and other conditions.
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25
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Novel Magnetic Resonance Imaging Tools for the Diagnosis of Degenerative Disc Disease: A Narrative Review. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020420. [PMID: 35204509 PMCID: PMC8870820 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) is one of the leading causes of disability worldwide, with a significant socioeconomic burden on healthcare systems. It is mainly caused by degenerative disc disease (DDD), a progressive, chronic, and age-related process. With its capacity to accurately characterize intervertebral disc (IVD) and spinal morphology, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as one of the most valuable tools in diagnosing DDD. However, existing technology cannot detect subtle changes in IVD tissue composition and cell metabolism. In this review, we summarized the state of the art regarding innovative quantitative MRI modalities that have shown the capacity to discriminate and quantify changes in matrix composition and integrity, as well as biomechanical changes in the early stages of DDD. Validation and implementation of this new technology in the clinical setting will allow for an early diagnosis of DDD and ideally guide conservative and regenerative treatments that may prevent the progression of the degenerative process rather than intervene at the latest stages of the disease.
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26
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The Role of Molecular Imaging as a Marker of Remyelination and Repair in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:ijms23010474. [PMID: 35008899 PMCID: PMC8745199 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The appearance of new disease-modifying therapies in multiple sclerosis (MS) has revolutionized our ability to fight inflammatory relapses and has immensely improved patients’ quality of life. Although remarkable, this achievement has not carried over into reducing long-term disability. In MS, clinical disability progression can continue relentlessly irrespective of acute inflammation. This “silent” disease progression is the main contributor to long-term clinical disability in MS and results from chronic inflammation, neurodegeneration, and repair failure. Investigating silent disease progression and its underlying mechanisms is a challenge. Standard MRI excels in depicting acute inflammation but lacks the pathophysiological lens required for a more targeted exploration of molecular-based processes. Novel modalities that utilize nuclear magnetic resonance’s ability to display in vivo information on imaging look to bridge this gap. Displaying the CNS through a molecular prism is becoming an undeniable reality. This review will focus on “molecular imaging biomarkers” of disease progression, modalities that can harmoniously depict anatomy and pathophysiology, making them attractive candidates to become the first valid biomarkers of neuroprotection and remyelination.
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27
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Chen Q, Shah NJ, Worthoff WA. Compressed Sensing in Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Techniques, Applications, and Future Prospects. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:1340-1356. [PMID: 34918429 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium (23 Na) yields the second strongest nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signal in biological tissues and plays a vital role in cell physiology. Sodium magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide insights into cell integrity and tissue viability relative to pathologies without significant anatomical alternations, and thus it is considered to be a potential surrogate biomarker that provides complementary information for standard hydrogen (1 H) MRI in a noninvasive and quantitative manner. However, sodium MRI suffers from a relatively low signal-to-noise ratio and long acquisition times due to its relatively low NMR sensitivity. Compressed sensing-based (CS-based) methods have been shown to accelerate sodium imaging and/or improve sodium image quality significantly. In this manuscript, the basic concepts of CS and how CS might be applied to improve sodium MRI are described, and the historical milestones of CS-based sodium MRI are briefly presented. Representative advanced techniques and evaluation methods are discussed in detail, followed by an expose of clinical applications in multiple anatomical regions and diseases as well as thoughts and suggestions on potential future research prospects of CS in sodium MRI. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 5 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Faculty of Medicine, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - N Jon Shah
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 11, INM-11, JARA, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.,JARA-BRAIN-Translational Medicine, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wieland A Worthoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine 4, INM-4, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
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Kamp B, Frenken M, Henke JM, Abrar DB, Nagel AM, Gast LV, Oeltzschner G, Wilms LM, Nebelung S, Antoch G, Wittsack HJ, Müller-Lutz A. Quantification of Sodium Relaxation Times and Concentrations as Surrogates of Proteoglycan Content of Patellar CARTILAGE at 3T MRI. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11122301. [PMID: 34943538 PMCID: PMC8700247 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11122301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Sodium MRI has the potential to depict cartilage health accurately, but synovial fluid can influence the estimation of sodium parameters of cartilage. Therefore, this study aimed to reduce the impact of synovial fluid to render the quantitative compositional analyses of cartilage tissue technically more robust. Two dedicated protocols were applied for determining sodium T1 and T2* relaxation times. For each protocol, data were acquired from 10 healthy volunteers and one patient with patellar cartilage damage. Data recorded with multiple repetition times for T1 measurement and multi-echo data acquired with an additional inversion recovery pulse for T2* measurement were analysed using biexponential models to differentiate longitudinal relaxation components of cartilage (T1,car) and synovial fluid (T1,syn), and short (T2s*) from long (T2l*) transversal relaxation components. Sodium relaxation times and concentration estimates in patellar cartilage were successfully determined: T1,car = 14.5 ± 0.7 ms; T1,syn = 37.9 ± 2.9 ms; c(T1-protocol) = 200 ± 48 mmol/L; T2s* = 0.4 ± 0.1 ms; T2l* = 12.6 ± 0.7 ms; c(T2*-protocol) = 215 ± 44 mmol/L for healthy volunteers. In conclusion, a robust determination of sodium relaxation times is possible at a clinical field strength of 3T to quantify sodium concentrations, which might be a valuable tool to determine cartilage health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Kamp
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Miriam Frenken
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jan M. Henke
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Daniel B. Abrar
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Armin M. Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.M.N.); (L.V.G.)
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lena V. Gast
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), D-91054 Erlangen, Germany; (A.M.N.); (L.V.G.)
| | - Georg Oeltzschner
- Russell H. Morgan Department for Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA;
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA
| | - Lena M. Wilms
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Sven Nebelung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Gerald Antoch
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Hans-Jörg Wittsack
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
| | - Anja Müller-Lutz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty, University Dusseldorf, D-40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (B.K.); (J.M.H.); (D.B.A.); (L.M.W.); (S.N.); (G.A.); (H.-J.W.); (A.M.-L.)
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Hagiwara A, Bydder M, Oughourlian TC, Yao J, Salamon N, Jahan R, Villablanca JP, Enzmann DR, Ellingson BM. Sodium MR Neuroimaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1920-1926. [PMID: 34446457 PMCID: PMC8583254 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sodium MR imaging has the potential to complement routine proton MR imaging examinations with the goal of improving diagnosis, disease characterization, and clinical monitoring in neurologic diseases. In the past, the utility and exploration of sodium MR imaging as a valuable clinical tool have been limited due to the extremely low MR signal, but with recent improvements in imaging techniques and hardware, sodium MR imaging is on the verge of becoming clinically realistic for conditions that include brain tumors, ischemic stroke, and epilepsy. In this review, we briefly describe the fundamental physics of sodium MR imaging tailored to the neuroradiologist, focusing on the basics necessary to understand factors that play into making sodium MR imaging feasible for clinical settings and describing current controversies in the field. We will also discuss the current state of the field and the potential future clinical uses of sodium MR imaging in the diagnosis, phenotyping, and therapeutic monitoring in neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hagiwara
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (A.H., M.B., T.C.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - M Bydder
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (A.H., M.B., T.C.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - T C Oughourlian
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (A.H., M.B., T.C.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program (T.C.O., B.M.E.)
| | - J Yao
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (A.H., M.B., T.C.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers
- Department of Bioengineering (J.Y., B.M.E.), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - N Salamon
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - R Jahan
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - J P Villablanca
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - D R Enzmann
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
| | - B M Ellingson
- From the UCLA Brain Tumor Imaging Laboratory (A.H., M.B., T.C.O., J.Y., B.M.E.), Center for Computer Vision and Imaging Biomarkers
- Department of Bioengineering (J.Y., B.M.E.), Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
- Department of Radiological Sciences (A.H., M.B., J.Y., N.S., R.J., J.P.V., D.R.E., B.M.E.)
- Neuroscience Interdepartmental Program (T.C.O., B.M.E.)
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences (B.M.E.), David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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30
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Okada T, Akasaka T. Editorial for "Longitudinal Sodium MRI of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions: Is There Added Value of Sodium Inversion Recovery MRI?". J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:152-153. [PMID: 34327746 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Okada
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University 54 Shogoin Kawaharacho, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | - Thai Akasaka
- Human Brain Research Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University 54 Shogoin Kawaharacho, Sakyoku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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31
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Giovannetti G, Flori A, Martini N, Francischello R, Aquaro GD, Pingitore A, Frijia F. Sodium Radiofrequency Coils for Magnetic Resonance: From Design to Applications. ELECTRONICS 2021; 10:1788. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics10151788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
Sodium (23Na) is the most abundant cation present in the human body and is involved in a large number of vital body functions. In the last few years, the interest in Sodium Magnetic Resonance Imaging (23Na MRI) has considerably increased for its relevance in physiological and physiopathological aspects. Indeed, sodium MRI offers the possibility to extend the anatomical imaging information by providing additional and complementary information on physiology and cellular metabolism with the heteronuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS). Constraints are the rapidly decaying of sodium signal, the sensitivity lack due to the low sodium concentration versus 1H-MRI induce scan times not clinically acceptable and it also constitutes a challenge for sodium MRI. With the available magnetic fields for clinical MRI scanners (1.5 T, 3 T, 7 T), and the hardware capabilities such as strong gradient strengths with high slew rates and new dedicated radiofrequency (RF) sodium coils, it is possible to reach reasonable measurement times (~10–15 min) with a resolution of a few millimeters, where it has already been applied in vivo in many human organs such as the brain, cartilage, kidneys, heart, as well as in muscle and the breast. In this work, we review the different geometries and setup of sodium coils described in the available literature for different in vivo applications in human organs with clinical MR scanners, by providing details of the design, modeling and construction of the coils.
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Mennecke AB, Nagel AM, Huhn K, Linker RA, Schmidt M, Rothhammer V, Wilferth T, Linz P, Wegmann J, Eisenhut F, Engelhorn T, Doerfler A. Longitudinal Sodium MRI of Multiple Sclerosis Lesions: Is there Added Value of Sodium Inversion Recovery MRI. J Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 55:140-151. [PMID: 34259373 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sodium enhancement has been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. PURPOSE To investigate sodium MRI with and without an inversion recovery pulse in acute MS lesions in an MS relapse and during recovery. STUDY TYPE Prospective. SUBJECTS Twenty-nine relapsing-remitting MS patients with an acute relapse were included. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE A 3D density-adapted radial sodium sequence at 3 T using a dual-tuned (23 Na/1 H) head coil. ASSESSMENT Full-brain images of the tissue sodium concentration (TSC1, n = 29) and a sodium inversion recovery sequence (SIR1, n = 20) at the beginning of the anti-inflammatory therapy and on medium-term follow-up visits (days 27-99, n = 12 [TSC], n = 5 [SIR]) were measured. Regions of interest (RoIs) with contrast enhancement (T1 CE+) and without change in T1-weighted imaging (FL + T1n) were normalized (nTSC and nSIR). To gain insight on the origin of the TSC enhancement at time point 1, it is investigated whether the nTSC enhancement of the lesions is accompanied by a change of the respective nSIR. Potential prognostic value of nSIR1 is examined referring to the nTSC progression. STATISTICAL TESTS: nTSC and nSIR were compared regarding the type of lesion and the time point using a one-way ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated for nTSC over nSIR and for nTSC1-nTSC2 over nSIR1. A P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS At the first measurement, all lesion types showed increased nTSC, while nSIR was decreased in the FL + T1 n and the T1 CE+ lesions in comparison to the normal-appearing white matter. For acute lesions, the difference between nTSC at baseline and nTSC at time point 2 showed a significant correlation with the baseline nSIR. DATA CONCLUSION At time point 1, nTSC is increased, while nSIR is unchanged or decreased in the lesions. The mean sodium IR signal at baseline correlates with recovery or progression of an acute lesion. EVIDENCE LEVEL 2 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika B Mennecke
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Huhn
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Clinic Regensburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Schmidt
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Wilferth
- Institute of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Linz
- Institute of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Julius Wegmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Felix Eisenhut
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Engelhorn
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Doerfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Huhn K, Linz P, Pemsel F, Michalke B, Seyferth S, Kopp C, Chaudri MA, Rothhammer V, Dörfler A, Uder M, Nagel AM, Müller DN, Waschbisch A, Lee DH, Bäuerle T, Linker RA, Haase S. Skin sodium is increased in male patients with multiple sclerosis and related animal models. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2102549118. [PMID: 34260395 PMCID: PMC8285971 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2102549118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel MRI techniques allow a noninvasive quantification of tissue sodium and reveal the skin as a prominent compartment of sodium storage in health and disease. Since multiple sclerosis (MS) immunopathology is initiated in the periphery and increased sodium concentrations induce proinflammatory immune cells, the skin represents a promising compartment linking high sodium concentrations and MS immunopathology. We used a 7-T sodium MRI (23Na-MRI) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to investigate the skin sodium content in two mouse models of MS. We additionally performed 3-T 23Na-MRI of calf skin and muscles in 29 male relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients and 29 matched healthy controls. Demographic and clinical information was collected from interviews, and disease activity was assessed by expanded disability status scale scoring. 23Na-MRI and chemical analysis demonstrated a significantly increased sodium content in the skin during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis independent of active immunization. In male patients with RRMS, 23Na-MRI demonstrated a higher sodium signal in the area of the skin compared to age- and biological sex-matched healthy controls with higher sodium, predicting future disease activity in cranial MRI. In both studies, the sodium enrichment was specific to the skin, as we found no alterations of sodium signals in the muscle or other tissues. Our data add to the recently identified importance of the skin as a storage compartment of sodium and may further represent an important organ for future investigations on salt as a proinflammatory agent driving autoimmune neuroinflammation such as that in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Huhn
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Linz
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Pemsel
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Radiation Therapy, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Michalke
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Munich, Germany
| | - Stefan Seyferth
- Division of Pharmaceutics, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Kopp
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohammad Anwar Chaudri
- Institute of Corrosion and Surface Science, Department of Material Science, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Veit Rothhammer
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Arnd Dörfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Uder
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Armin M Nagel
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik N Müller
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Waschbisch
- Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - De-Hyung Lee
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Department of Radiology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf A Linker
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Haase
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
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