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Li XS, Zhao J, Jiao ZH, Zhao XY, Hou SL, Zhao B. Portably and Visually Sensing Cytisine through Smartphone Scanning Based on a Post-Modified Luminescence Center Strategy in Zinc-Organic Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401880. [PMID: 38407419 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Cytisine (CTS) is a useful medicine for treating nervous disorders and smoking addiction, and exploring a convenient method to detect CTS is of great significance for long-term/home medication to avoid the risk of poisoning, but it is full of challenges. Here, a modified metal-organic framework sensor Tb@Zn-TDA-80 with dual emission centers was prepared using a post-modified luminescence center strategy. The obtained Tb@Zn-TDA-80 can serve as a CTS sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity. To achieve portable detection, Tb@Zn-TDA-80 was further fabricated as a membrane sensor, M-Tb@Zn-TDA-80, which displayed an obvious CTS-responsive color change by simply dropping a CTS solution onto its surface. Benefiting from this unique functionality, M-Tb@Zn-TDA-80 successfully realized the visual detection and quantitative monitoring of CTS in the range of 5.26-52.6 mM by simply scanning the color with a smartphone. The results of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and theoretical computation illustrated that the high sensing efficiency of Tb@Zn-TDA-80 for CTS was attributed to the N-H⋅⋅⋅π and π⋅⋅⋅π interactions between the ligand and CTS. And luminescence quenching may result from the intramolecular charge transfer. This study provides a convenient method for ensuring long-term medication safety at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Shuai Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Zhuo-Hao Jiao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Li Hou
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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Wróblewski K, Szultka-Młyńska M, Courtney RJ, Buszewski B, Tutka P. Development and Validation of LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of Cytisine in Human Serum and Saliva. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15364. [PMID: 37895042 PMCID: PMC10607646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytisine (CYT) is a quinolizidine alkaloid used for nicotine addiction treatment. Recent clinical trial data regarding cytisine confirm its high effectiveness and safety as a smoking cessation treatment. CYT's popularity is growing due to its increased availability and licensing in more countries worldwide. This increased use by smokers has also resulted in an urgent need for continued drug research, including developing appropriate analytical methods for analyzing the drug in biological samples. In this study, a simple, fast, and reliable method combining hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (HILIC/ESI-QTOF-MS) for the determination of CYT in human serum and saliva was developed and validated. This was undertaken after the previous pre-treatment of the sample using solid-phase extraction (SPE). A hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) column with a silica stationary phase was used for chromatographic analysis. In a linear gradient, the mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile (ACN) and formate buffer at pH 4.0. The proposed method was fully validated and demonstrated its sensitivity, selectivity, precision, and accuracy. The method was successfully applied to determine CYT in serum and, for the first time, in saliva. The findings indicate that saliva could be a promising non-invasive alternative to measure the free concentration of CYT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karol Wróblewski
- Laboratory of Commercial and Non-Commercial Clinical Trials, University of Rzeszów, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland;
- Laboratory for Innovative Research in Pharmacology, University of Rzeszów, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- Interdisciplinary Center for Preclinical and Clinical Research, University of Rzeszów, Werynia 2A, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szultka-Młyńska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Ryan J. Courtney
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Prof. Jan Czochralski Kuyavian-Pomeranian Science and Technology Center, Parkowa 1, 87-134 Przysiek, Poland;
| | - Piotr Tutka
- Laboratory for Innovative Research in Pharmacology, University of Rzeszów, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
- National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Rzeszów, Kopisto 2a, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
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3
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Abo-Elghiet F, Ahmed AH, Aly HF, Younis EA, Rabeh MA, Alshehri SA, Alshahrani KSA, Mohamed SA. D-Pinitol Content and Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Five Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Cultivars. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1008. [PMID: 37513920 PMCID: PMC10385032 DOI: 10.3390/ph16071008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major challenge for global health, and Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. (B. spectabilis) is a widely used herbal remedy with diverse cultivars traditionally used for diabetes treatment. However, the comparative efficacy of these cultivars remains ambiguous. This study aimed to evaluate the D-pinitol content and DPPH radical-scavenging activity of methanolic leaves extracts of five B. spectabilis cultivars. Furthermore, the effects of these cultivars on various parameters, including blood glucose levels, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, lipid profiles, liver enzymes, renal function markers, and histopathological changes, were assessed in STZ-induced diabetic rats after one month of oral daily treatment. All tested cultivars demonstrated significant improvements in the measured parameters, albeit to varying extents. Notably, the LOE cultivar, distinguished by its orange bracts, exhibited the highest efficacy, surpassing the effectiveness of glibenclamide, an antidiabetic medication, and displayed the highest concentration of D-pinitol. These findings underscore the importance of carefully selecting the appropriate B. spectabilis cultivar to maximize the antidiabetic efficacy, with a particular emphasis on the correlation between antidiabetic activity and D-pinitol concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abo-Elghiet
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11754, Egypt; (A.H.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Amal H. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11754, Egypt; (A.H.A.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Hanan F. Aly
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), El Behouth St., Giza 12311, Egypt; (H.F.A.); (E.A.Y.)
| | - Eman A. Younis
- Department of Therapeutic Chemistry, National Research Centre (NRC), El Behouth St., Giza 12311, Egypt; (H.F.A.); (E.A.Y.)
| | - Mohamed A. Rabeh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | - Saad Ali Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62521, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.R.); (S.A.A.)
| | | | - Shaza A. Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11754, Egypt; (A.H.A.); (S.A.M.)
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Influence of Selective Extraction/Isolation of Heme/Hemoglobin with Hydrophobic Imidazolium Ionic Liquids on the Precision and Accuracy of Cotinine ELISA Test. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213692. [PMID: 36430168 PMCID: PMC9691248 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, ionic liquids were used for the selective extraction/isolation of hemoglobin from human serum for cotinine determination using the ELISA Kit. The suitability of hydrophobic imidazolium-based ionic liquids was tested, of which OMIM BF4 (1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate) turned out to be the most suitable for direct extraction of hemoglobin into an ionic liquid without the use of any additional reagent at one extraction step. Hemoglobin was separated quantitatively (95% recovery) from the remaining types of proteins remaining in the aqueous phase. Quantum mechanical calculations showed that the interaction of the iron atom in the heme group and the nitrogen atom of the ionic liquid cation is responsible for the transfer of hemoglobin whereas molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated that the non-covalent interactions between heme and solvent are more favorable in the case of OMIM BF4 in comparison to water. The opposite trend was found for cotinine. Selective isolation of the heme/hemoglobin improved the ELISA test's accuracy, depending on the cotinine level, from 15% to 30%.
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Van Pamel E, Henrottin J, Van Poucke C, Gillard N, Daeseleire E. Multi-Class UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Plant Toxins and Cyanotoxins in Food Supplements and Application for Belgian Market Samples. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:1069-1079. [PMID: 34243208 DOI: 10.1055/a-1517-5828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The presence of plant toxins and/or cyanotoxins in food supplements implies consumer health risks. Therefore, a targeted ultra-high performance liquid chromatographic-tandem mass spectrometric method to detect/quantify 25 toxins simultaneously in food supplement formulations was developed and validated. Full validation for tablets/powders and secondary validation for a liquid and soft gel capsule indicated that most compounds were efficiently extracted (≥ 75%), while others were only partly extracted (18 - 61%). Trueness was fulfilled (70 - 120%), with some exceptions (mostly at the lowest validation level). Intralaboratory repeatability, intra- and interlaboratory reproducibility values of ≤ 20%, ≤ 25%, and ≤ 25% were obtained for most, respectively. Matrix effects were found to be significant for most compounds. Good sensitivity (µg/kg level) was observed for galegin(e), lycopsamine, lycorine, rubiadin, skimmiamine, and vascin(e), in contrast to helveticoside, lucidin, lucidin-3-primveroside, plumbagin(e), and thujone, which were detected at the mg/kg level. The other compounds were characterized by a sensitivity between 10 to 1000 µg/kg. The validated methodology was applied for 52 food supplements (tablets, capsules, liquids/syrup, etc.) purchased from the Belgian market. In more than 25% of the samples, one or more toxins were detected (concentrations determined using standard addition). Lycopsamine, microcystin LR, solamargine, thujone, and vasicin(e) were the most frequently detected toxins. A clear link between the toxins detected and the plant species on the food supplement ingredient list could not always be established. This generic "dilute-and-shoot" procedure can be used for further research on toxins in food supplements and by extension other plant/algae-based food/feed commodities (herbs, edible flowers, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Els Van Pamel
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Christof Van Poucke
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Els Daeseleire
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Technology and Food Science Unit, Melle, Belgium
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6
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Vollmer AC, Wagmann L, Meyer MR. Toxic plants-Detection of colchicine in a fast systematic clinical toxicology screening using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Drug Test Anal 2021; 14:377-381. [PMID: 34490751 DOI: 10.1002/dta.3160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Colchicum autumnale, which can be mistaken for Allium ursinum, contains the alkaloid colchicine potentially leading to life-threatening up to fatal intoxications. We report two cases of acute intoxications with unexplained circumstances. Using the authors' systematic screening approaches, colchicine could be detected in blood plasma and urine samples using liquid chromatography coupled to linear ion trap mass spectrometry (LC-ITMSn ) and high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS). Metabolites of colchicine could be identified in urine for confirmation of screening results. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was also conducted, but colchicine could not be detected. Furthermore, colchicine concentration was estimated via LC-HRMS/MS in plasma samples. Results of the systematic screening indicated the ingestion of colchicine from both subjects. In both cases, the parent compound was detected in blood plasma and urine using the LC-HRMS/MS and LC-ITMSn system. An O-demethylation metabolite was identified in urine samples of both subjects using LC-HRMS/MS; the N-deacetylation product was also found in urine samples of both cases via LC-HRMS/MS and LC-ITMSn . The use of LC-ITMSn resulted only in the detection of the O-demethylation product in case 2. Plasma concentrations were estimated at 2.5 ng/ml and 4.7 ng/ml for cases 1 and 2, respectively. We demonstrated the detection of this highly toxic alkaloid in blood plasma and urine using a time-saving and reliable clinical systematic screening. Furthermore, we identified metabolites of colchicine being rarely discussed in literature, which can be used as additional screening targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline C Vollmer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lea Wagmann
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Markus R Meyer
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Center for Molecular Signaling (PZMS), Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
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7
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Cytisine and cytisine derivatives. More than smoking cessation aids. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105700. [PMID: 34087351 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytisine, a natural bioactive compound that is mainly isolated from plants of the Leguminosae family (especially the seeds of Laburnum anagyroides), has been marketed in central and eastern Europe as an aid in the clinical management of smoking cessation for more than 50 years. Its main targets are neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), and pre-clinical studies have shown that its interactions with various nAChR subtypes located in different areas of the central and peripheral nervous systems are neuroprotective, have a wide range of biological effects on nicotine and alcohol addiction, regulate mood, food intake and motor activity, and influence the autonomic and cardiovascular systems. Its relatively rigid conformation makes it an attractive template for research of new derivatives. Recent studies of structurally modified cytisine have led to the development of new compounds and for some of them the biological activities are mediated by still unidentified targets other than nAChRs, whose mechanisms of action are still being investigated. The aim of this review is to describe and discuss: 1) the most recent pre-clinical results obtained with cytisine in the fields of neurological and non-neurological diseases; 2) the effects and possible mechanisms of action of the most recent cytisine derivatives; and 3) the main areas warranting further research.
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8
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Mallock N, Rabenstein A, Laux P, Rüther T, Hutzler C, Parr MK, Luch A. Rapid, sensitive, and reliable quantitation of nicotine and its main metabolites cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine by LC-MS/MS: Method development and validation for human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1179:122736. [PMID: 34246168 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
New nicotine delivery products are gaining market share. For evaluation of their characteristics, toxicokinetic investigations are in current research focus. For reliable determination of blood plasma levels of nicotine and its main metabolites cotinine and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, a quantitation method based on LC-ESI-MS/MS was developed and validated. Addition of isotope labeled internal standards prior to rapid sample preparation using protein precipitation with methanol was chosen for sample preparation. Different stationary phases were tested and phenyl-hexyl separation was found to be superior to HILIC, C18, and C8 stationary phases. Ion suppression effects caused by hydrophilic early eluting matrix were eliminated by the adjustment of an adequate retention utilizing a phenyl-hexyl separation stationary phase. Exchange of acetonitrile as organic mobile phase by methanol and elevation of pH value of aqueous mobile phase containing 5 mM NH4Ac to 4.50 improved the chromatographic resolution. The limits of quantitation for nicotine, cotinine, and hydroxycotinine were 0.15, 0.30, and 0.40 ng/mL, respectively. Linearity was proven by matrix matched calibration for the whole working range from 0.50 ng/mL to 35.0 ng/mL for nicotine and from 6.00 to 420 ng/mL for cotinine and hydroxycotinine (Mandel's fitting test with R2 > 0.995). Quality control samples at four different levels (0.50, 1.50, 17.5, 28.0 ng/mL for nicotine and 6.00, 18.0, 210, 336 ng/mL for cotinine and hydroxycotinine) in plasma were analyzed six times on three days. Mean accuracies ranged from 87.7% to 105.8% for nicotine, from 90.3% to 102.9% for cotinine, and from 99.9% to 109.9% for hydroxycotinine. Intra- and inter-day precisions (RSD %) were below 15% for all analytes (<20% for LLOQ). As proof of concept, the method was successfully applied to a real plasma sample from a cigarette smoking volunteer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadja Mallock
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Andrea Rabenstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Peter Laux
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Tobias Rüther
- Department of Psychiatry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (LMU), Nussbaumstrasse 7, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Hutzler
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Kristina Parr
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Luch
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Department of Chemical and Product Safety, Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Biology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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9
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Chen R, Ning Z, Zheng C, Yang Y, Zhang C, Ou X, Chen K, Yu H, Wei X, Zhao Q, He J. Simultaneous determination of 16 alkaloids in blood by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with supported liquid extraction. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1128:121789. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Comparison of Various Chromatographic Systems for Analysis of Cytisine in Human Serum, Saliva and Pharmaceutical Formulation by HPLC with Diode Array, Fluorescence or Mass Spectrometry Detection. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142580. [PMID: 31315205 PMCID: PMC6680471 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Identification and quantitative determination of cytisine, especially in biological samples and pharmaceutical formulations, is still a difficult analytical task. Cytisine is an alkaloid with a small and very polar molecule. For this reason, it is very weakly retained on reversed phase (RP) stationary phases, such as commonly used alkyl-bonded phases. The very weak retention of cytisine causes it to be eluted together with the components of biological matrices. Objective: Comparison and evaluation of various chromatographic systems for analysis of cytisine in different matrices—serum, saliva and pharmaceutical formulation—by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array (DAD), fluorescence (FLD) and mass spectrometry (MS) detection. Methods: The analyses were performed using HPLC in reversed phase (RP), hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) modes. Different sample pre-treatment methods were tested: Protein precipitation (with acetone, methanol (MeOH) or acetonitrile (ACN), and solid phase extraction (SPE) using cartridges with octadecyl (C18), hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced copolymer (HLB) or strong cation exchange sorbents (Strata X-C). Conclusion: Significant differences were observed in retention parameters with a change of the used chromatographic system. The various properties of stationary phases resulted in differences in analyte retention, peaks’ shape and systems’ efficiency. The weakest retention was observed using RP systems; however, the use of the Polar RP phase can be an alternative for application in green chromatography. In the strongest retention was observed using a strong cation exchange (SCX) phase. The most optimal systems were chosen for the analysis of cytisine in the pharmaceutical preparation, serum and saliva after sample pre-treatment with the new SPE procedure. Due to the sensitivity, the use of HPLC-DAD or HPLC-FLD is the most optimal for drug analysis in pharmaceutical preparations, whereas HPLC-MS is suitable for analysis of cytisine in biological samples.
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11
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Pearce JM, Khaksari M, Denkenberger D. Preliminary Automated Determination of Edibility of Alternative Foods: Non-Targeted Screening for Toxins in Red Maple Leaf Concentrate. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E110. [PMID: 31027336 PMCID: PMC6571818 DOI: 10.3390/plants8050110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Alternative food supplies could maintain humanity despite sun-blocking global catastrophic risks (GCRs) that eliminate conventional agriculture. A promising alternative food is making leaf concentrate. However, the edibility of tree leaves is largely uncertain. To overcome this challenge, this study provides the methods for obtaining rapid toxics screening of common leaf concentrates. The investigation begins with a non-targeted approach using an ultra-high-resolution hybrid ion trap orbitrap mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization (ESI) coupled to an ultra-high pressure two-dimensional liquid chromatograph system on the most common North American leaf: the red maple. Identified chemicals from this non-targeted approach are then cross-referenced with the OpenFoodTox database to identify toxic chemicals. Identified toxins are then screened for formula validation and evaluated for risk as a food. The results after screening show that red maple leaf concentrate contains at least eight toxic chemicals, which upon analysis do not present substantial risks unless consumed in abundance. This indicates that red maple leaf is still a potential alternative food. The results are discussed in the context of expanding the analysis with open science and using leaf extract from other plants that are not traditionally used as foods to offset current global hunger challenges, and move to a more sustainable food system while also preparing for GCRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua M Pearce
- Department of Material Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, School of Electrical Engineering, Aalto University, FI-00076 Espoo, Finland.
| | - Maryam Khaksari
- Chemical Advanced Resolution Methods Laboratory, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, USA.
| | - David Denkenberger
- Alliance to Feed the Earth in Disasters (ALLFED), Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
- University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA.
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12
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Wu H, Luo H, Huang F, Zhou X, Huang X, Chen J. The study of the constituents and source of toxicants in poisonous honey. Anal Biochem 2019; 569:10-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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13
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Method validation for simultaneous determination of atropine, pralidoxime and 12 organophosphorus compounds in blood samples by means of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2018; 1097-1098:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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14
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Zhang Y, Li R, Fang J, Wang C, Cai Z. Simultaneous determination of eighteen nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons in PM 2.5 by atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 198:303-310. [PMID: 29421744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new atmospheric pressure gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (APGC-MS/MS) was developed to simultaneously separate, identify and quantify 18 nitro-polyaromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) in air fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Compared with traditional negative chemical ionization (NCI) or electron impact ionization (EI)-MS/MS methods, APGC-MS/MS equipped with an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source provided better sensitivity and selectivity for NPAHs analysis in PM2.5.18 NPAHs were completely separated, and satisfactory linear response (R2 > 0.99), low instrumental detection limits (0.20-2.18 pg mL-1) and method detection limits (0.001-0.015 pg m-3) were achieved. Due to the reliable performance of the instrument, only minimal sample pretreatment is needed. It ensured the satisfactory method recovery (70%-120%) and qualified repeatability (RSD: 1.1%-17.2%), which met the requirement of trace analysis of NAPHs in the real environmental PM2.5. Using the developed method, the actual PM2.5 samples collected from Taiyuan, China in both summer and winter were analyzed, and 17 NPAHs but 2-nitrofluorene were detected and quantified. According to the obtained NAPH concentration results, the generation mechanism of NPAHs in PM2.5 and the effects on NPAHs formation caused by some ambient air pollutants were preliminarily discussed: secondary photochemical reaction might be the dominant source of NPAHs in PM2.5 collected from Taiyuan in both summer and winter; ambient air pollutants (NO2, SO2, CO) had more contribution on the NPAHs secondary formation of PM2.5 in winter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Krpo M, Arnestad M, Karinen R. Determination of Acetaminophen, Dexchlorpheniramine, Caffeine, Cotinine and Salicylic acid in 100 μL of Whole Blood by UHPLC–MS/MS. J Anal Toxicol 2017; 42:126-132. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bkx089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maja Krpo
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Marianne Arnestad
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Ritva Karinen
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Oslo University Hospital, PO Box 4950, Nydalen, N-0424 Oslo, Norway
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16
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He F, Wang CJ, Xie Y, Cheng CS, Liu ZQ, Liu L, Zhou H. Simultaneous quantification of nine aconitum alkaloids in Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata and related products using UHPLC-QQQ-MS/MS. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13023. [PMID: 29026200 PMCID: PMC5638814 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) is obtained from processed daughter roots of Aconitum carmichaeli, a toxic plant with a high medical value well known in Chinese medicine. In addition to the known toxic alkaloids (aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine) and bioactive alkaloids (benzoylaconine, benzoylmesaconine, and benzoylhypaconine), three rarely found alkaloids have been previously reported in Fuzi, i.e., yunaconitine, 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine, and crassicauline A, and they were reported in recent years to cause potential risk to patients who took Fuzi or related products. To better control the quality of this herb and its related products and ensure safe use, developing a method to simultaneously determine these 9 alkaloids is important. In this research, sensitive and accurate ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry method was established and used to examine 51 Fuzi and 27 Fuzi-containing products. Unexpectedly, 8-deacetyl-yunaconitine was detected in 17 Fuzi samples (33.3%) and 3 Fuzi-containing products (11.1%); yunaconitine in 10 Fuzi samples (19.6%) and 10 Fuzi-containing products (37.0%); and crassicauline A in 3 Fuzi samples (5.8%). Industry and clinics should be aware of the unusually high detection rate of these three toxic alkaloids in the Fuzi herb and its related products and take the necessary precautions to protect patients from any potential risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of Chinese Medicine Analysis, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Can-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ying Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Chun-Song Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zhong-Qiu Liu
- International Institute of Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China. .,Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| | - Hua Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China. .,Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China. .,International Institute of Translation Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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17
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Zhang Z, He M, Liu L, Xiong X, Fang X, Xu W. Electro-kinetic assisted electrospray ionization for enhanced complex sample analysis. Talanta 2017; 164:45-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Sun S, Chen Q, Ge J, Liu X, Wang X, Zhan Q, Zhang H, Zhang G. Pharmacokinetic interaction of aconitine, liquiritin and 6-gingerol in a traditional Chinese herbal formula, Sini Decoction. Xenobiotica 2017; 48:45-52. [PMID: 28051355 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2017.1278807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sen Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingshan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiyun Ge
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinxia Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guoqing Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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19
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Drugs of abuse in drinking water – a review of current detection methods, occurrence, elimination and health risks. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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20
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Portolés T, Sales C, Abalos M, Sauló J, Abad E. Evaluation of the capabilities of atmospheric pressure chemical ionization source coupled to tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls in complex-matrix food samples. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 937:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Calix[8]arene functionalized single-walled carbon nanohorns for dual-signalling electrochemical sensing of aconitine based on competitive host-guest recognition. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:347-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Yang L, Xie X, Cai L, Ran X, Li Y, Yin T, Zhao H, Li CP. p-sulfonated calix[8]arene functionalized graphene as a "turn on" fluorescent sensing platform for aconitine determination. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 82:146-54. [PMID: 27085945 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a novel method for the determination of aconitine through the competitive host-guest interaction between p-sulfonated calix[8]arene (SCX8) and signal probe/target molecules by using SCX8 functionalized reduced graphene oxide (SCX8-RGO) as a receptor. Three dyes (ST, RhB, BRB) and aconitine were selected as the probe and target molecules, respectively. The formation of SCX8-RGO·ST, SCX8-RGO·RhB, and SCX8-RGO·BRB complexes greatly decreases the fluorescence emission of ST, RhB, and BRB. The aconitine/SCX8 complex possesses a higher binding constant than ST/SCX8, RhB/SCX8, and BRB/SCX8 complexes, thus the dye in the SCX8 cavity can be replaced by aconitine to revert the fluorescence emission of SCX8-RGO·dye, leading to a "switch-on" fluorescence response. The fluorescence intensity of SCX8-RGO·ST, SCX8-RGO·RhB, and SCX8-RGO·BRB complexes increased linearly with increasing concentration of aconitine ranging from 1.0 to 14.0μM, 2.0-16.0μM, and 1.0-16.0μM, respectively. Based on the competitive host-guest interaction, the proposed detection method for aconitine showed detection limits of 0.28μM, 0.60μM, and 0.37μM, respectively, and was successfully applied for the determination of aconitine in human serum samples with good recoveries from 95.1% to 104.8%. The proposed method showed high selectivity for aconitine beyond competitive binding analytes. In addition, the inclusion complex of the SCX8/aconitine was studied by the molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, which indicated that the phenyl ester group of the aconitine molecule was included into the SCX8 cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Xiaoguang Xie
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Le Cai
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Xin Ran
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yucong Li
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Tianpeng Yin
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Hui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
| | - Can-Peng Li
- School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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Temerdashev AZ, Grigoriev AM, Rybalchenko IV. Narcotic substances of natural origin and methods of their determination. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934816010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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24
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Carlier J, Guitton J, Romeuf L, Bévalot F, Boyer B, Fanton L, Gaillard Y. Screening approach by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the blood quantification of thirty-four toxic principles of plant origin. Application to forensic toxicology. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 975:65-76. [PMID: 25438245 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Plant poisonings have left their mark on history and still cause many deaths, whether intentional or accidental. The means to show toxicological evidence of such poisonings should be implemented with great care. This article presents a technique for measuring thirty-nine toxic principles of plant origin in the blood, covering a large amount of toxins from local or exotic plants: α-lobeline, α-solanine, aconitine, ajmaline, atropine, brucine, cephalomannine, colchicine, convallatoxin, cymarine, cytisine, digitoxin, digoxin, emetine, gelsemine, ibogaine, jervine, kavain, lanatoside C, lupanine, mitragynine, neriifolin, oleandrin, ouabain, paclitaxel, physostigmine, pilocarpine, podophyllotoxin, proscillaridin A, reserpine, retrorsine, ricinine, scopolamine, senecionine, sparteine, strophanthidin, strychnine, veratridine and yohimbine. Analysis was carried out using an original ultra-high performance liquid chromatography separation coupled with tandem mass spectrometry detection. Extraction was a standard solid phase extraction performed on Oasis(®) HLB cartridge. Thirty-four of the thirty-nine compounds were put through a validation procedure. The assay was linear in the calibration curve range from 0.5 or 5 μg/L to 1000 μg/L according to the compounds. The method is sensitive (LOD from 0.1 to 1.6 μg/L). The within-day precision of the assay was less than 22.5% at the LLOQ, and the between-day precision was less than 21.5% for 10 μg/L for all the compounds included. The assay accuracy was in the range of 87.4 to 119.8% for the LLOQ. The extraction recovery and matrix effect ranged from 30 to 106% and from -30 to 14%, respectively. It has proven useful and effective in several difficult forensic cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Carlier
- Laboratoire LAT LUMTOX, 800 av. Marie Curie Z.I. Jean Jaurès, 07800 La Voulte-sur-Rhône, France; Ecole Doctorale Interdisciplinaire Sciences-Santé, Université Claude Bernard, Hôpital Louis Pradel, 28 av. du Doyen Lépine, 69677 Bron, France.
| | - Jérôme Guitton
- Laboratoire de toxicologie, Faculté de pharmacie de Lyon, 8 av. Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon, France; Laboratoire de pharmacologie-toxicologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Ludovic Romeuf
- Laboratoire LAT LUMTOX, 800 av. Marie Curie Z.I. Jean Jaurès, 07800 La Voulte-sur-Rhône, France
| | - Fabien Bévalot
- Laboratoire LAT LUMTOX, 71 av. Rockefeller, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Baptiste Boyer
- Institut Médico-Légal, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Clermont-Ferrand, 58 rue Montalembert, 63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Laurent Fanton
- Institut médico-légal, Faculté de médecine, 12 av. Rockefeller, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Yvan Gaillard
- Laboratoire LAT LUMTOX, 800 av. Marie Curie Z.I. Jean Jaurès, 07800 La Voulte-sur-Rhône, France
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25
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Jeong SH, Newcombe D, Sheridan J, Tingle M. Pharmacokinetics of cytisine, an α
4
β
2
nicotinic receptor partial agonist, in healthy smokers following a single dose. Drug Test Anal 2014; 7:475-82. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Hee Jeong
- University of AucklandPharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology Auckland New Zealand
| | - David Newcombe
- University of AucklandSchool of Population Health Auckland New Zealand
| | - Janie Sheridan
- University of AucklandSchool of Pharmacy Auckland New Zealand
| | - Malcolm Tingle
- University of AucklandPharmacology & Clinical Pharmacology Auckland New Zealand
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26
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Koželj G, Perharič L, Stanovnik L, Prosen H. Simple validated LC–MS/MS method for the determination of atropine and scopolamine in plasma for clinical and forensic toxicological purposes. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 96:197-206. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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27
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Choi SS, Kim OB. Formation of deaminated dimer species of amino acids by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2014; 28:861-868. [PMID: 24623689 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Interactions of biological molecules to form cluster species play a key role in biological processes and investigation of non-covalent complexes is one of the research fields using mass spectrometry. Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (APCI-MS) is a useful method for the investigation of cluster formation of amino acids (AAs) by ion-molecule reactions. METHODS A mixture of 20 protein AAs was ionized by APCI and the product ions were analyzed. The ionization was performed in the positive and negative ion modes. Formation of the homo- and heterocluster ions of AAs was investigated. Mechanism for the formation of AA homo- and heterocluster ions was examined using hydrogen/deuterium (H/D)-exchange experiments. RESULTS In the positive ion mode, of the dimer species only the [2Pro+H](+) ion was detected. In the negative ion mode, the [2M - H](-) ions of His, Val, Ser, and Gln were observed. The deaminated dimers such as the [2Gln - H - NH3](-) and [His + Gln - H - NH3](-) ions were also observed. In the negative ion mass spectra of the His/Arg, His/Asn, and His/Lys binary mixture solutions, the [His + AA - H - NH3](-) ions of Asn, Arg, and Lys were also detected. CONCLUSIONS The number and abundances of the negative product ions were much greater than those of the positive ones. Mechanism for the formation of [2Gln - H - NH3](-) and [His+AA - H - NH3](-) was examined by deuterium replacement of the amine and hydroxide groups to distinguish the deamination and dehydration reactions with a single quadrupole mass spectrometer. The [His + AA - H - NH3](-) ion is formed by ion-molecule reaction between the [His-H](-) ion and a neutral AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Seen Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Sejong University, 98 Gunja-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-747, Korea
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Gao E, Yu X, Liu T, Li H, Wang P, Wei Y, Zhao Y, Yu Z. Comparative study on effects of single and multiple oral administration of mungbean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) seed extract on the pharmacokinetics of aconitine by UHPLC-MS. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1313-9. [PMID: 24590733 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The study was aimed to investigate the effects of single and multiple oral administration of mungbean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) seed extract (ME) on the pharmacokinetics of aconitine in rats. The Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (six rats each group). In group 1, rats were orally administered 500 µg/kg aconitine after receiving a single oral dose of 1 g/kg ME. In group 2, rats were orally administered with 500 µg/kg aconitine at day 7 of treatment with 1 g/kg/day ME. In group 3, rats were orally administered with 500 µg/kg aconitine. Blood samples were collected at different time points (0.083, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0 and 10.0 h). The concentration of aconitine in rats plasma was determined by a fully validated ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry method. The results showed that single and multiple oral co-administration of ME significantly altered the pharmacokinetic parameters of aconitine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enze Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
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29
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Wang W, Li X, Chen Y, Hattori M. Structural elucidation of rat biliary metabolites of corynoxeine and their quantification using LC-MSn. Biomed Chromatogr 2014; 28:1219-28. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products; Kunming Medical University; Chenggong Kunming Yunnan 650500 People's Republic of China
- Division of Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Natural Medicine; University of Toyama; Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
| | - Xinmei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products; Kunming Medical University; Chenggong Kunming Yunnan 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Yaping Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products; Kunming Medical University; Chenggong Kunming Yunnan 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Masao Hattori
- Division of Metabolic Engineering, Institute of Natural Medicine; University of Toyama; Sugitani Toyama 930-0194 Japan
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Earla R, Ande A, McArthur C, Kumar A, Kumar S. Enhanced nicotine metabolism in HIV-1-positive smokers compared with HIV-negative smokers: simultaneous determination of nicotine and its four metabolites in their plasma using a simple and sensitive electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 42:282-93. [PMID: 24301609 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.113.055186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Smoking is approximately three times more prevalent in HIV-1-positive than HIV-negative individuals in the United States. Nicotine, which is the major constituent of tobacco, is rapidly metabolized mainly by cytochrome P450 (CYP2A6) to many metabolites. In this study, we developed a simple, fast, and sensitive electrospray ionization liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method using a strong cation solid phase extraction, and determined the concentration of nicotine and its four major metabolites (cotinine, nornicotine, norcotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine) in the plasma of HIV-1-positive and HIV-negative smokers. The multiple reaction monitoring transitions for nicotine, cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine, nornicotine, norcotinine, nicotine-d4, and cotinine-d3 were selected at mass-to-charge ratios of 163.3/117.1, 177.5/80.3, 193.2/80.1, 149.5/132.3, 163.4/80.3, 167.3/121.4, and 180.3/101.2, respectively. The lower limit of quantitation for nicotine and its metabolites was 0.53 ng/ml, which is relatively more sensitive than those previously reported. The concentration of nicotine was detected 5-fold lower in HIV-1-positive smokers (7.17 ± 3.8 ng/ml) than that observed in HIV-negative smokers (33.29 ± 15.4 ng/ml), whereas the concentration of the metabolite nornicotine was 3-fold higher in HIV-1-positive smokers (6.8 ± 2.9 ng/ml) than in HIV-negative smokers (2.3 ± 1.2 ng/ml). Although it was statistically nonsignificant, the concentration of the metabolite cotinine was also higher in HIV-1-positive smokers (85.6 ± 60.5 ng/ml) than in HIV-negative smokers (74.9 ± 40.5 ng/ml). In conclusion, a decrease in the concentration of nicotine and an increase in the concentration of its metabolites in HIV-1-positive smokers compared with HIV-negative smokers support the hypothesis that nicotine metabolism is enhanced in HIV-1-positive smokers compared with HIV-negative smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Earla
- School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (R.E., A.A., A.K., S.K.); and Department of Oral and Craniofacial Science, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri (C.M.)
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Kostić N, Dotsikas Y, Malenović A, Jančić Stojanović B, Rakić T, Ivanović D, Medenica M. Stepwise optimization approach for improving LC-MS/MS analysis of zwitterionic antiepileptic drugs with implementation of experimental design. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2013; 48:875-884. [PMID: 23832944 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2013] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this article, a step-by-step optimization procedure for improving analyte response with implementation of experimental design is described. Zwitterionic antiepileptics, namely vigabatrin, pregabalin and gabapentin, were chosen as model compounds to undergo chloroformate-mediated derivatization followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis. Application of a planned stepwise optimization procedure allowed responses of analytes, expressed as areas and signal-to-noise ratios, to be improved, enabling achievement of lower limit of detection values. Results from the current study demonstrate that optimization of parameters such as scan time, geometry of ion source, sheath and auxiliary gas pressure, capillary temperature, collision pressure and mobile phase composition can have a positive impact on sensitivity of LC-MS/MS methods. Optimization of LC and MS parameters led to a total increment of 53.9%, 83.3% and 95.7% in areas of derivatized vigabatrin, pregabalin and gabapentin, respectively, while for signal-to-noise values, an improvement of 140.0%, 93.6% and 124.0% was achieved, compared to autotune settings. After defining the final optimal conditions, a time-segmented method was validated for the determination of mentioned drugs in plasma. The method proved to be accurate and precise with excellent linearity for the tested concentration range (40.0 ng ml(-1)-10.0 × 10(3) ng ml(-1)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nađa Kostić
- University of Belgrade, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Drug Analysis, Vojvode Stepe 450, Belgrade, Serbia
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Bicker W, Monticelli F, Bauer A, Roider G, Keller T. Quantification of aconitine in post-mortem specimens by validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method: three case reports on fatal 'monkshood' poisoning. Drug Test Anal 2013; 5:753-62. [PMID: 23749589 DOI: 10.1002/dta.1501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The diester-diterpene alkaloid aconitine was quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in post-mortem specimens of three cases where suicidal ingestion of Aconitum napellus L. ('monkshood') was supposed. In an attempt at rationalization, sample preparation and chromatographic conditions of plasma/serum drug analysis routine were utilized. Linearity was established from 0.5 to 20 µg L⁻¹ using newborn calf serum (NCS) as a surrogate calibration matrix for all sample types and mesaconitine as an internal standard. Validation (selectivity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, recovery of the extraction procedure, matrix effect, processed sample stability) confirmed the applicability of the analytical method to various post-mortem matrices. Internal standard selection was based on multi-matrix process efficiency data. In human post-mortem peripheral blood a lower limit of quantification of 0.51 µg L⁻¹ and a limit of detection of 0.13 µg L⁻¹ were accomplished (0.1 ml sample aliquots). Aconitine was degraded to a large extent in different sample types when being stored at +20 °C for 30 days, while at -20 °C and for some matrices also at +4 °C no appreciable degradation occurred. Aconitine concentrations in real samples were 10.3-17.9 µg L⁻¹ (peripheral blood, n = 3), 14.9-87.9 µg L⁻¹ (heart blood, n = 3), 317-481 µg L⁻¹ (urine, n = 2), 609-4040 µg L⁻¹ (stomach content, n = 3), 139-240 µg L⁻¹ (bile, n = 2), 8.4 µg L⁻¹ (vitreous humor, n = 1), 54.7 µg L⁻¹ (pericardial fluid, n = 1), 492 µg kg⁻¹ (liver, n = 1), 15.2-19.7 mg L⁻¹ (unknown liquids secured onsite, n = 3). Together with concomitant circumstances the analytical data provided compelling evidence for acute Aconitum poisoning as being the cause of death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Bicker
- FTC-Forensic-Toxicological Laboratory Ltd., Gaudenzdorfer Guertel 43-45, 1120, Vienna, Austria
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Simultaneous serum nicotine, cotinine, and trans-3′-hydroxycotinine quantitation with minimal sample volume for tobacco exposure status of solid organ transplant patients. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 928:139-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 03/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Detection and validated quantification of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors sildenafil, vardenafil, tadalafil, and 2 of their metabolites in human blood plasma by LC-MS/MS--application to forensic and therapeutic drug monitoring cases. Ther Drug Monit 2013; 34:729-35. [PMID: 23128911 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e31827318b8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors such as sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil are a class of drugs used primarily in the treatment of erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil and tadalafil are also approved for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a procedure for the detection and quantification of these 3 drugs and some of their metabolites in human blood plasma. METHODS After liquid-liquid extraction of 0.5 mL of blood plasma using diethyl ether-ethyl acetate (1:1), the analytes sildenafil, norsildenafil, vardenafil, norvardenafil, and tadalafil were separated using a Shimadzu Prominence High-Performance Liquid Chromatography System (C18 separation column, gradient elution, and a total flow of 0.5 mL/min). They were detected using an AB Sciex 3200 Q-Trap LC-MS-MS System (electrospray ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode). The method was fully validated according to international guidelines. RESULTS The assay was found to be selective for the tested compounds. It was linear from 5 to 1000 ng/mL for sildenafil, from 2 to 700 ng/mL for norsildenafil, from 0.5 to 350 ng/mL for vardenafil, from 0.5 to 200 ng/mL for norvardenafil, and from 5 to 1000 ng/mL for tadalafil. The recoveries were generally more than 50%. Matrix effects were not observed. Accuracy, repeatability, and intermediate precision were within the required limits (<15% or <20% near the limit of quantification). No instability was observed after repeated freezing and thawing or in processed samples. CONCLUSIONS A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry assay for the determination of sildenafil, norsildenafil, vardenafil, norvardenafil, and tadalafil in human blood plasma was developed and validated. It has proven to be selective, linear, accurate, and precise for all studied drugs. The method has also proven to be applicable for forensic cases and for therapeutic drug monitoring.
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Kulp M, Bragina O. Capillary electrophoretic study of the synergistic biological effects of alkaloids from Chelidonium majus L. in normal and cancer cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:3391-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-013-6755-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yu Z, Su Q, Tang Y, Xu Z. Preparation and evaluation of aconitine imprinted microspheres and its application to body fluid samples. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Fan YF, Xie Y, Liu L, Ho HM, Wong YF, Liu ZQ, Zhou H. Paeoniflorin reduced acute toxicity of aconitine in rats is associated with the pharmacokinetic alteration of aconitine. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 141:701-8. [PMID: 21930193 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2011] [Revised: 08/30/2011] [Accepted: 09/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE To investigate the influence of paeoniflorin (major bioactive component of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) on the pharmacokinetic behavior of aconitine (major toxic and bioactive component of Aconitum carmichaeli Debx.) and potential detoxifying effect of paeoniflorin on the acute toxicity of aconitine, which may provide in depth understanding to the toxicity reduction effect of Paeonia lactiflora to Aconitum carmichaeli. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS/MS) was employed to determine the plasma content of aconitine. Aconitine was administrated by oral to SD rats at the dosage of 200 μg/kg with or without paeoniflorin given by intraperitoneal injection at the dosage of 20 mg/kg. Plasma samples were collected for determination and analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters of aconitine. The LD(50) of aconitine and acute animal death induced by aconitine were examined when aconitine was given alone or jointly with paeoniflorin in ICR mice. RESULTS A sensitive, accurate, precise, reliable and repeatable UHPLC-MS/MS method was successfully established for determination of the plasma content of aconitine in 12.5 μL plasma sample. The lower limit of quantification of aconitine was 0.01 ng/mL. Compared with the SD rats that were orally administrated with aconitine alone, the rats received aconitine and co-administrated with paeoniflorin by peritoneal injection showed a remarkably lower C(max) (5.69 ng/mL vs 9.66 ng/mL, P<0.05) and delayed T(max) (70 min vs 46 min, P<0.05), as well as a trend of reduction in AUC(0-t) (1082.75 ng-min/mL vs 1650.27 ng-min/mL, P=0.395). The LD(50) values of aconitine coadministered with 120 or 240 mg/kg of paeoniflorin were obviously increased to 2.30 and 2.15 mg/kg against 1.80 mg/kg of aconitine by oral administration alone. Mice treated with paeoniflorin (240 mg/kg) and aconitine (1.8 mg/kg) together revealed a significant decreased death rate than that received aconitine treatment alone (15% vs 50%, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The acute oral toxicity of aconitine in rats was significantly reduced by paeoniflorin; this might result from the alterations of pharmacokinetic behavior of aconitine in the animals by coadministration of paeoniflorin.
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MESH Headings
- Aconitine/administration & dosage
- Aconitine/blood
- Aconitine/pharmacokinetics
- Aconitine/toxicity
- Aconitum/chemistry
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Area Under Curve
- Benzoates/administration & dosage
- Benzoates/pharmacology
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/administration & dosage
- Bridged-Ring Compounds/pharmacology
- Calibration
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/standards
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/toxicity
- Glucosides/administration & dosage
- Glucosides/pharmacology
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Lethal Dose 50
- Male
- Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Metabolic Clearance Rate
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred ICR
- Monoterpenes
- Paeonia/chemistry
- Plants, Medicinal
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Reproducibility of Results
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry/standards
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Fang Fan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Analysis of alkaloids from different chemical groups by different liquid chromatography methods. OPEN CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.2478/s11532-012-0037-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractAlkaloids are biologically active compounds widely used as pharmaceuticals and synthesised as secondary methabolites in plants. Many of these compounds are strongly toxic. Therefore, they are often subject of scientific interests and analysis. Since alkaloids — basic compounds appear in aqueous solutions as ionized and unionized forms, they are difficult for chromatographic separation for peak tailing, poor systems efficiency, poor separation and poor column-to-column reproducibility. For this reason it is necessity searching of more suitable chromatographic systems for analysis of the compounds. In this article we present an overview on the separation of selected alkaloids from different chemical groups by liquid chromatography thus indicating the range of useful methods now available for alkaloid analysis. Different selectivity, system efficiency and peaks shape may be achieved in different LC methods separations by use of alternative stationary phases: silica, alumina, chemically bonded stationary phases, cation exchange phases, or by varying nonaqueous or aqueous mobile phase (containing different modifier, different buffers at different pH, ion-pairing or silanol blocker reagents). Developments in TLC (NP and RP systems), HPLC (NP, RP, HILIC, ion-exchange) are presented and the advantages of each method for alkaloids analysis are discussed.
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Ammann J, McLaren JM, Gerostamoulos D, Beyer J. Detection and Quantification of New Designer Drugs in Human Blood: Part 1 - Synthetic Cannabinoids. J Anal Toxicol 2012; 36:372-80. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bks048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ammann D, McLaren JM, Gerostamoulos D, Beyer J. Detection and Quantification of New Designer Drugs in Human Blood: Part 2 - Designer Cathinones. J Anal Toxicol 2012; 36:381-9. [DOI: 10.1093/jat/bks049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Peters FT, Remane D. Aspects of matrix effects in applications of liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry to forensic and clinical toxicology—a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2155-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6035-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2011] [Revised: 02/22/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Song L, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhao ZL, Chen SL, Wang ZT, Xu HX. Rapid determination of yunaconitine and related alkaloids in aconites and aconite-containing drugs by ultra high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 26:1567-74. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2012] [Revised: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai; 201203; China
| | - Xin Liu
- Beijing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau; Beijing; 100026; China
| | - Zhi-Li Zhao
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai; 201203; China
| | - Shi-Lin Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College; Beijing; 100193; China
| | | | - Hong-Xi Xu
- School of Pharmacy; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Shanghai; 201203; China
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Zagorevski DV, Loughmiller-Newman JA. The detection of nicotine in a Late Mayan period flask by gas chromatography and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry methods. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:403-411. [PMID: 22279016 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Several ancient Mayan vessels from the Kislak Collection of the US Library of Congress were examined for the presence of alkaloids. One of them, a codex-style flask, bears a text that appears to read yo-'OTOT-ti 'u-MAY, spelling y-otoot 'u-may 'the home of its/his/her tobacco'. Samples extracted from this Late Classic period (600 to 900 AD) container were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) methods. Nicotine was identified as the major component of the extracts. LC/MS analyses also yielded signals due to nicotine mono-oxides. The identities of the compounds were determined by comparison of the chromatographic and/or mass spectral characteristics with those from standards and literature data. High-resolution high mass accuracy tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) spectra of protonated nicotine and nicotine mono-oxides were measured to verify and to correct previous product ion assignments. These analyses provided positive evidence for nicotine from a Mayan vessel, indicating it as a likely holder of tobacco leafs. The result of this investigation is the first physical evidence of tobacco from a Mayan container, and only the second example where the vessel content recorded in a Mayan hieroglyphic text has been confirmed directly by chromatography/mass spectrometry trace analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri V Zagorevski
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 1145 CBIS, 110 8th St., Troy, NY 12180, USA.
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Rust KY, Baumgartner MR, Meggiolaro N, Kraemer T. Detection and validated quantification of 21 benzodiazepines and 3 “z-drugs” in human hair by LC–MS/MS. Forensic Sci Int 2012; 215:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2011.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 06/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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47
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Papoutsis I, Nikolaou P, Spiliopoulou C, Pistos C, Stefanidou M, Athanaselis S. A simple and sensitive GC/MS method for the determination of atropine during therapy of anticholinesterase poisoning in serum samples. Drug Test Anal 2011; 4:229-34. [DOI: 10.1002/dta.343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Accepted: 07/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Papoutsis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
| | - Panagiota Nikolaou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
| | - Chara Spiliopoulou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
| | - Constantinos Pistos
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
| | - Maria Stefanidou
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
| | - Sotirios Athanaselis
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology; School of Medicine; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Athens; 11527; Greece
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Validated method for the determination of ethylglucuronide and ethylsulfate in human urine. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:189-96. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/04/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Couchman L, Morgan PE. LC-MS in analytical toxicology: some practical considerations. Biomed Chromatogr 2010; 25:100-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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50
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Saar E, Gerostamoulos D, Drummer OH, Beyer J. Identification and quantification of 30 antipsychotics in blood using LC-MS/MS. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:915-925. [PMID: 20648676 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Over the last decade, the prescription rates of antipsychotic (AP) drugs have increased worldwide. Studies have shown that the risk of sudden cardiac death is threefold higher among patients treated with APs. To investigate the presence of APs in postmortem cases, a liquid chromatography (LC)-MS/MS method was developed using only 0.1 ml of blood sample with 10 microl of internal standard (IS) (haloperidol-d(4), 1 microg/ml). After the addition of 0.2 ml of Trizma buffer, the blood sample was extracted using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) with 1 ml of 1-chlorobutane for 5 min on a shaker at 1500 rpm. After centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 1 min, the separated solvent layer was transferred to an autosampler vial and evaporated to dryness under N(2). The residue was reconstituted in 0.05 ml acetonitrile containing 0.1% formic acid, vortexed for 30 s and an additional 0.45 ml of 50 mmol/l ammonium formate pH 3.5 was added and the sample vortexed; 0.1 ml of the final extract was injected into a Shimadzu Prominence HPLC system, with detection of drugs achieved using an Applied Biosystems 3200 Q-TRAP LC-MS/MS system equipped with a Turbo V ion source [electron spray ionization (ESI), multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode]. The method has been validated according to international guidelines and was found to be selective for all tested compounds. Calibration was satisfactory for all drugs, except olanzapine, from subtherapeutic to toxic concentrations. The lower limits of quantifications (LLOQs) corresponded to the lowest concentrations used for the calibration curves. With the exception of the lowest concentrations of bromperidol, buspirone and perphenazine, accuracy data were within the acceptance interval of +/- 15% (+/- 20% at LLOQ) of the nominal values for all drugs. The method has been proven to be useful for the routine analysis of APs in postmortem blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Saar
- Victorian Institute of Forensic Medicine, Department of Forensic Medicine, Monash University, 57-83 Kavanagh St, Southbank, Victoria 3006, Australia
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