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Nixon RA, Rubinsztein DC. Mechanisms of autophagy-lysosome dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2024:10.1038/s41580-024-00757-5. [PMID: 39107446 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-024-00757-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy is a lysosome-based degradative process used to recycle obsolete cellular constituents and eliminate damaged organelles and aggregate-prone proteins. Their postmitotic nature and extremely polarized morphologies make neurons particularly vulnerable to disruptions caused by autophagy-lysosomal defects, especially as the brain ages. Consequently, mutations in genes regulating autophagy and lysosomal functions cause a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the role of autophagy and lysosomes in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease and frontotemporal dementia. We also consider the strong impact of cellular ageing on lysosomes and autophagy as a tipping point for the late-age emergence of related neurodegenerative disorders. Many of these diseases have primary defects in autophagy, for example affecting autophagosome formation, and in lysosomal functions, especially pH regulation and calcium homeostasis. We have aimed to provide an integrative framework for understanding the central importance of autophagic-lysosomal function in neuronal health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralph A Nixon
- Center for Dementia Research, Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - David C Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, UK
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2
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Bartman S, Coppotelli G, Ross JM. Mitochondrial Dysfunction: A Key Player in Brain Aging and Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:1987-2026. [PMID: 38534746 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are thought to have become incorporated within the eukaryotic cell approximately 2 billion years ago and play a role in a variety of cellular processes, such as energy production, calcium buffering and homeostasis, steroid synthesis, cell growth, and apoptosis, as well as inflammation and ROS production. Considering that mitochondria are involved in a multitude of cellular processes, mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to play a role within several age-related diseases, including cancers, diabetes (type 2), and neurodegenerative diseases, although the underlying mechanisms are not entirely understood. The significant increase in lifespan and increased incidence of age-related diseases over recent decades has confirmed the necessity to understand the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction impacts the process of aging and age-related diseases. In this review, we will offer a brief overview of mitochondria, along with structure and function of this important organelle. We will then discuss the cause and consequence of mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging process, with a particular focus on its role in inflammation, cognitive decline, and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. We will offer insight into therapies and interventions currently used to preserve or restore mitochondrial functioning during aging and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sydney Bartman
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Giuseppe Coppotelli
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Jaime M Ross
- George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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3
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Chen J, Pan Y, Liu Q, Li G, Chen G, Li W, Zhao W, Wang Q. The Interplay between Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels and Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1016-1032. [PMID: 36380442 PMCID: PMC10964105 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221115150253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) are essential for the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid, macromolecules, and immune cells in the central nervous system. They play critical roles in modulating neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. Dysfunctional MLVs have been demonstrated to increase neuroinflammation by horizontally blocking the drainage of neurotoxic proteins to the peripheral lymph nodes. Conversely, MLVs protect against neuroinflammation by preventing immune cells from becoming fully encephalitogenic. Furthermore, evidence suggests that neuroinflammation affects the structure and function of MLVs, causing vascular anomalies and angiogenesis. Although this field is still in its infancy, the strong link between MLVs and neuroinflammation has emerged as a potential target for slowing the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. This review provides a brief history of the discovery of MLVs, introduces in vivo and in vitro MLV models, highlights the molecular mechanisms through which MLVs contribute to and protect against neuroinflammation, and discusses the potential impact of neuroinflammation on MLVs, focusing on recent progress in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmei Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Yaru Pan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Qihua Liu
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Gongcan Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Weirong Li
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
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4
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Zhou J, Li M, Yu Z, Li C, Zhou L, Zhou X. Protective effect of Qingluotongbi formula against Tripterygium wilfordii induced liver injury in mice by improving fatty acid β-oxidation and mitochondrial biosynthesis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:80-88. [PMID: 36541729 PMCID: PMC9788700 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2157842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Qingluotongbi formula (QLT) is a Chinese medicine compound consisting of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (Celastraceae, TW), Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen (Araliaceae, PN), Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. (Orobanchaceae, RG), Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehder & E.H. Wilson (Menispermaceae, SA), and Bombyx mori L. (Bombycidae, BM). OBJECTIVE This study investigated the protective effect and possible mechanism of QLT against TW-induced liver injury in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS To establish the model of TW-induced liver injury in mice, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, low-dose TW group, middle-dose TW group, and high-dose TW group. To observe the effects of QLT and its individual ingredients against TW-induced liver injury, C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 7 groups: control group, TW group, QLT group, PN group, RG group, SA group, BM group.After administration for 7 days, C57BL/6J mice were tested for biochemical indicators and liver pathological changes. Then, we evaluated the mitochondrial function and analysed the gene and protein expression related to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α) pathway by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. RESULTS Compared with the control group (0.30 ± 0.35), TW significantly increased mice liver histological score (L, 0.95 ± 1.14; M, 1.25 ± 1.16; H, 4.00 ± 1.13). QLT and its ingredients significantly improved the pathology scores (CON, 0.63 ± 0.74; TW, 4.19 ± 1.53; QLT, 1.56 ± 0.62; PN, 1.94 ± 0.68; RG, 2.75 ± 1.39; SA, 4.13 ± 0.99; BM, 4.13 ± 0.99). Western blot and qRT-PCR analysis revealed that QLT and its ingredients reversed TW-induced suppression of PPARα/PGC1-α pathway.Discussion and conclusions: These findings provide valuable information for compound compatibility studies and TW clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ming Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhichao Yu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Changqing Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Material Medical, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueping Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Zhou S, Zhou X, Jiang Z, Ma J, Li Y, Qian Z, Li H. The Mechanism of SNHG8/Microrna-421-3p/Sorting Nexin 8 Axis on Dopaminergic Neurons in Substantia Nigra in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:942-955. [PMID: 36401052 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03795-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease affecting the aging population. Particularly, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated to play vital roles in PD, while the role of lncRNA SNHG8 in PD remains to be further explored. C57BL/6 mice were induced by rotenone to establish a PD model in vivo, and then the dopaminergic (DA) neuronal damage and locomotor dysfunction in rotenone-treated mice were evaluated. Murine DA cell line MN9D was treated with rotenone to establish a cellular PD model in vitro. Then, the viability, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in rotenone-treated MN9D cells were assessed. Expression levels of SNHG8, microRNA-421-3p (miR-421-3p), and sorting nexin 8 (SNX8) in the substantia nigra (SN) of PD mice and rotenone-treated MN9D cells were detected. The interaction between SNHG8 and miR-421-3p, and the targeting relationship between SNX8 and miR-421-3p were confirmed. SNHG8 and SNX8 expression levels were decreased while miR-421-3p expression level was increased in the SN of PD mice and rotenone-treated MN9D cells. Upregulated SNHG8 ameliorated dopaminergic neuron damage and locomotor dysfunction in PD mice. Meanwhile, upregulated SNHG8 enhanced viability, diminished apoptosis, and alleviated mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy in rotenone-treated MN9D cells. Mechanistically, SNHG8 bound to miR-421-3p, and miR-421-3p targeted SNX8. Overexpressed SNHG8 downregulates miR-421-3p to alleviate rotenone-induced dopaminergic neuron injury in PD via upregulating SNX8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Zhou
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhou
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zewen Jiang
- Outpatient Department, Zhejiang Armed Police Corps Hospital, No.86 Jiangnan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jinrong Ma
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yuanmei Li
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hua Li
- Geriatric Rehabilitation Center, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, No.2828 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310051, Zhejiang, China
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Guo H, Yi J, Wang F, Lei T, Du H. Potential application of heat shock proteins as therapeutic targets in Parkinson's disease. Neurochem Int 2023; 162:105453. [PMID: 36402293 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2022.105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common chronic neurodegenerative disease, and the heat shock proteins (HSPs) are proved to be of great value for PD. In addition, HSPs can maintain protein homeostasis, degrade and inhibit protein aggregation by properly folding and activating intracellular proteins in PD. This study mainly summarizes the important roles of HSPs in PD and explores their feasibility as targets. We introduced the structural and functional characteristics of HSPs and the physiological functions of HSPs in PD. HSPs can protect neurons from damage by degrading aggregates with three mechanisms, including the aggregation and removing α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregates, promotion the autophagy of abnormal proteins, and inhibition the apoptosis of degenerated neurons. This study underscores the importance of HSPs as targets in PD and helps to expand new mechanisms in PD treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haodong Guo
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jingsong Yi
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Tong Lei
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Du
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China; Daxing Research Institute, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
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7
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Das SS, Jha NK, Jha SK, Verma PRP, Ashraf GM, Singh SK. Neuroprotective Role of Quercetin against Alpha-Synuclein-Associated Hallmarks in Parkinson's Disease. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1464-1466. [PMID: 36545726 PMCID: PMC10472805 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221221092250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a natural antioxidant, exhibits potential neuroprotective effects by efficiently downregulating α-synuclein protein aggregation and associated neurological hallmarks, responsible for the progression of Parkinson's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabya Sachi Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215,Jharkhand, India
- School of Pharmaceutical and Population Health Informatics, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttarpradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology (SET), Sharda University, Greater Noida, 201310, Uttarpradesh, India
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Applied & Life Sciences (SALS), Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, 248007, India
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering and Food Technology, Chandigarh University, Mohali, 140413, Punjab, India
| | - Priya Ranjan Prasad Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215,Jharkhand, India
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sandeep Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215,Jharkhand, India
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Xiao L, Wang M, Shi Y, Xu Y, Gao Y, Zhang W, Wu Y, Deng H, Pan W, Wang W, Sun H. Secondary White Matter Injury Mediated by Neuroinflammation after Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Promising Therapeutic Strategies of Targeting the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:669-686. [PMID: 36043798 PMCID: PMC10207923 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x20666220830115018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a neurological disease with high mortality and disability. Recent studies showed that white matter injury (WMI) plays an important role in motor dysfunction after ICH. WMI includes WMI proximal to the lesion and WMI distal to the lesion, such as corticospinal tract injury located at the cervical enlargement of the spinal cord after ICH. Previous studies have tended to focus only on gray matter (GM) injury after ICH, and fewer studies have paid attention to WMI, which may be one of the reasons for the poor outcome of previous drug treatments. Microglia and astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation are significant mechanisms responsible for secondary WMI following ICH. The NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, has been shown to exacerbate neuroinflammation and brain injury after ICH. Moreover, NLRP3 inflammasome is activated in microglia and astrocytes and exerts a vital role in microglia and astrocytes-mediated neuroinflammation. We speculate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is closely related to the polarization of microglia and astrocytes and that NLRP3 inflammasome activation may exacerbate WMI by polarizing microglia and astrocytes to the pro-inflammatory phenotype after ICH, while NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition may attenuate WMI by polarizing microglia and astrocytes to the anti-inflammatory phenotype following ICH. Therefore, NLRP3 inflammasome may act as leveraged regulatory fulcrums for microglia and astrocytes polarization to modulate WMI and WM repair after ICH. This review summarized the possible mechanisms by which neuroinflammation mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome exacerbates secondary WMI after ICH and discussed the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linglong Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Mengqi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yifeng Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yangyang Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Yang Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Haitao Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Biobank Center, Microbiome Medicine Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China
- Neurosurgery Center, The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China on Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Disease, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, The Neurosurgery Institute of Guangdong Province, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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Homeostasis of carbohydrates and reactive oxygen species is critically changed in the brain of middle-aged mice: molecular mechanisms and functional reasons. BBA ADVANCES 2023; 3:100077. [PMID: 37082254 PMCID: PMC10074963 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadva.2023.100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is an organ that consumes a lot of energy. In the brain, energy is required for synaptic transmission, numerous biosynthetic processes and axonal transport in neurons, and for many supportive functions of glial cells. The main source of energy in the brain is glucose and to a lesser extent lactate and ketone bodies. ATP is formed at glucose catabolism via glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) within mitochondria being the main source of ATP. With age, brain's energy metabolism is disturbed, involving a decrease in glycolysis and mitochondrial dysfunction. The latter is accompanied by intensified generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ETC leading to oxidative stress. Recently, we have found that crucial changes in energy metabolism and intensity of oxidative stress in the mouse brain occur in middle age with minor progression in old age. In this review, we analyze the metabolic changes and functional causes that lead to these changes in the aging brain.
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10
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Casanovas F, Fonseca F, Mané A. Substance use Specificities in Women with Psychosis: A Critical Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1953-1963. [PMID: 36453494 PMCID: PMC10514534 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666221129113942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders differ from male patients in many respects, including psychopathology, prognosis, disease course, and substance use comorbidities. Most studies performed to date to investigate the association between drug use and psychosis have not evaluated gender differences, although this has started to change in recent years. METHODS We briefly summarize the available evidence on gender differences in drug use and substance use disorders (SUD) in psychotic patients during the early phases of the psychotic illness and during the course of schizophrenia. RESULTS Substance use and SUD are both less prevalent in women, both in the general population and at all phases of the psychotic spectrum. Some studies suggest that SUD may be under diagnosed in female patients, in part due to their more vulnerable profile. Substance use, especially cannabis, may more negatively impact females, especially on the disease course and prognosis. The available data suggest that it may be more difficult to treat SUD in female patients with schizophrenia, which could negatively impact prognosis. CONCLUSION Women with concomitant psychotic illness and SUD comprise a highly vulnerable subgroup. This should be considered when selecting the treatment approach, especially in the early phases of the illness, to ensure better outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesc Casanovas
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francina Fonseca
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Mané
- Institut de Neuropsiquiatria i Adiccions (INAD), Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Medicine and Life Sciences (MELIS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Área de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
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11
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Liu Z, Zhuang W, Cai M, Lv E, Wang Y, Wu Z, Wang H, Fu W. Kaemperfol Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Promoting mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in Parkinson’s Disease Models. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1395-1411. [PMID: 36469163 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03819-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We previously showed that kaempferol (KAE) could exert neuroprotective effects against PD. It has been demonstrated that abnormal autophagy plays a key role in the development of PD. Mitochondrial dysfunction, involved in the development of PD, can damage dopaminergic neurons. Whether the protective effects of KAE were exerted via regulating autophagy remains largely undefined, however. This study aimed to investigate whether KAE could protect dopaminergic neurons via autophagy and the underlying mechanisms using a MPTP/MPP+-stimulated PD model. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, and protein levels of autophagy mediators along with mTOR signaling pathway molecules were investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. The results showed that KAE could ameliorate the behavioral impairments of mice, reduce the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, and reduce α-synuclein (α-syn) levels. Furthermore, KAE upregulated levels of autophagy effector protein of Beclin-1 and autophagy microtubule associated protein of light chain 3 (LC3) in the substantia nigra (SN) while rescuing mitochondrial integrity, and downregulated levels of ubiquitin binding protein p62 and cleaved caspase-3, probably by decreasing the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. Further in vitro experiments demonstrated similar results. In conclusion, KAE exerts neuroprotective effects against PD potentially by promoting autophagy via inhibiting the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Wenxin Zhuang
- Center for Experimental Medical Research, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Meiyun Cai
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - E Lv
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Yanqiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengyan Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Wenyu Fu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, Shandong, China.
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12
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Role of Nrf2 in aging, Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 82:101756. [PMID: 36243357 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear Factor-Erythroid Factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that regulates the expression of large number of genes in healthy and disease states. Nrf2 is made up of 605 amino acids and contains 7 conserved regions known as Nrf2-ECH homology domains. Nrf2 regulates the expression of several key components of oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, mitophagy, autophagy and mitochondrial function in all organs of the human body, in the peripheral and central nervous systems. Mounting evidence also suggests that altered expression of Nrf2 is largely involved in aging, neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's diseases, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis and others. The purpose of this article is to detail the essential role of Nrf2 in oxidative stress, antioxidative defense, detoxification, inflammatory responses, transcription factors, proteasomal and autophagic/mitophagic degradation, and metabolism in aging and neurodegenerative diseases. This article also highlights the Nrf2 structural and functional activities in healthy and disease states, and also discusses the current status of Nrf2 research and therapeutic strategies to treat aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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13
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Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrol pesticide, induces Cytoskeleton disruption, DNA damage and apoptosis via oxidative stress on rat glioma cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 170:113464. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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14
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Zhong L, Jin H, Tang H, Xu Y, Liu X, Shen J. Intake of polyamide microplastics affects the behavior and metabolism of Drosophila. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 308:136485. [PMID: 36126743 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of polyamide (PA) microplastics on Drosophila were studied by analysing their effects on feeding, fecundity, metabolism and spontaneous activity, using Drosophila as a model organism. In the 0.1 g/L and 1 g/L groups, there was an increase in the amount of food consumed by female Drosophila melanogaster and a decrease in the amount of food consumed by males in both the 0.1 g/L and 20 g/L groups. In the TG assay, males showed a significant decrease in the 10 g/L and 20 g/L groups. The male group showed a significant decrease in protein content in the 10 g/L and 20 g/L groups. Glucose content decreased in the female Drosophila 1g/L and 10 g/L groups. The highest concentration group of 20 g/L showed a decrease in glucose content in male Drosophila. Only the male Drosophila in the highest concentration group showed increased daytime activity. Egg production by females decreased significantly after feeding microplastic food. The above assays demonstrate the potential effects of PA microplastics on flies, where the consumption of food containing microplastics leads to oxidative stress and inflammation, thus affecting the nutritional metabolism of flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Zhong
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hui Jin
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Hao Tang
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Xingyou Liu
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Jie Shen
- College of Artificial Intelligence, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou, 310018, China.
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15
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Armas FV, D’Angiulli A. Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration of the Central Nervous System from Air Pollutants: A Scoping Review. TOXICS 2022; 10:666. [PMID: 36355957 PMCID: PMC9698785 DOI: 10.3390/toxics10110666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this scoping review, we provide a selective mapping of the global literature on the effects of air pollution on the life-span development of the central nervous system. Our synthesis first defines developmental neurotoxicants and the model effects of particulate matter. We then discuss air pollution as a test bench for neurotoxicants, including animal models, the framework of systemic inflammation in all affected organs of the body, and the cascade effects on the developing brain, with the most prevalent neurological structural and functional outcomes. Specifically, we focus on evidence on magnetic resonance imaging and neurodegenerative diseases, and the links between neuronal apoptosis and inflammation. There is evidence of a developmental continuity of outcomes and effects that can be observed from utero to aging due to severe or significant exposure to neurotoxicants. These substances alter the normal trajectory of neurological aging in a propulsive way towards a significantly higher rate of acceleration than what is expected if our atmosphere were less polluted. The major aggravating role of this neurodegenerative process is linked with the complex action of neuroinflammation. However, most recent evidence learned from research on the effects of COVID-19 lockdowns around the world suggests that a short-term drastic improvement in the air we breathe is still possible. Moreover, the study of mitohormesis and vitagenes is an emerging area of research interest in anti-inflammatory and antidegenerative therapeutics, which may have enormous promise in combatting the deleterious effects of air pollution through pharmacological and dietary interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amedeo D’Angiulli
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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16
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Wang X, Li T, Ding H, Liu Y, Liu X, Yu K, Xiao R, Xi Y. The role of dietary patterns and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid patterns on mild cognitive impairment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005857. [PMID: 36407514 PMCID: PMC9673906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fatty acids have been shown to be associated with the development of cognition. However, research on the role of fatty acid intake in dietary patterns and fatty acid patterns (FAPs) in the development of cognitive function is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between dietary patterns and FAPs and to provide available evidence for preventing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through these patterns. Materials and methods The 973 participants aged between 65 and 85 were recruited from 2020 to 2021 for this multicenter research in Beijing. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation, and data of dietary intake in the past 12 months were collected with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile was tested by chromatography and mass spectrometry lipid profiling. Factor analysis was used to derive the main dietary patterns and FAPs. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation was used to explore the association between dietary patterns and FAPs. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between patterns and cognitive function. Results Six dietary patterns and six FAPs were identified, explaining 53.4 and 80.9% of the total variance separately. After adjusting all potential confounders, T3 of the pattern 1 and FAP2 were the independent protect factors for MCI, respectively (OR 0.601, 95% CI [0.395, 0.914]; OR 0.108, 95% CI [0.019, 0.623]). Rich of SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1) is the characteristic of FAP2. A positive correlation was found between component scores of dietary pattern1 and FAP2 (r = 0.441, p = 0.001). People who adhered to a reasonable intake of animal flesh consumed more various long-chain fatty acids as well. Conclusion The erythrocyte membrane metabolites, SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1), might function as early biomarkers for predicting or monitoring of cognitive aging in the elderly. The dietary pattern with recommended animal flesh consumption was significantly associated with FAP characterized by very long-chain SMs. This dietary pattern affected FAP, which might achieve the ultimate goal of neuroprotection through the very long-chain SMs. A rational intake of dietary fatty acids might be an effective way on preventing MCI in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huini Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Liu
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kang Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi,
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17
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Tang W, Li Y, He S, Jiang T, Wang N, Du M, Cheng B, Gao W, Li Y, Wang Q. Caveolin-1 Alleviates Diabetes-Associated Cognitive Dysfunction Through Modulating Neuronal Ferroptosis-Mediated Mitochondrial Homeostasis. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:867-886. [PMID: 35350885 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Aims: Iron metabolism is involved in many biological processes in the brain. Alterations in iron homeostasis have been associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. Instead of stroke and ischemic heart disease, dementia has become the second leading cause of mortality among the type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population. Therefore, we attempted to investigate the role of ferroptosis in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD). Results: We evaluated ferroptosis hallmarks in the hippocampus of T2DM (high-fat diet/streptozotocin, HFD/STZ) mice, primary hippocampal neurons, as well as in the blood of patients. The results of Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed significantly differentially expressed genes related to ferroptosis-related pathways between normal control (db/m) and leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. Here, ferroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction and cognitive impairment were revealed, and caveolin-1 (cav-1) was significantly downregulated in the hippocampus of T2DM (HFD/STZ) mice. In addition, ferrostatin-1 and cav-1 restoration neutralized ferroptosis-related symbolic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and improved cognitive dysfunction. Notably, the plasma levels of Fe2+ and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) in T2DM patients showed a tendency to increase compared with those in nondiabetic subjects, and the Fe2+ level was negatively correlated with the cognitive ability in T2DM subjects. Innovation: For the first time, this study suggested that ferroptosis promoted the progression of DACD induced by T2DM both in vivo and in vitro, and supported the clinical evidence for the correlation between ferroptosis and T2DM-related DACD, which provided new insights into the potential antioxidant effects of ferroptosis inhibitors and cav-1 on DACD. Conclusions: The overexpression of cav-1 may attenuate DACD by modulating neuronal ferroptosis-mediated mitochondrial homeostasis. We put cav-1 on the spotlight as a promising candidate to prevent DACD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 867-886.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxin Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yansong Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shuxuan He
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyu Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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18
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Nakhal MM, Aburuz S, Sadek B, Akour A. Repurposing SGLT2 Inhibitors for Neurological Disorders: A Focus on the Autism Spectrum Disorder. Molecules 2022; 27:7174. [PMID: 36364000 PMCID: PMC9653623 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a substantially increasing incidence rate. It is characterized by repetitive behavior, learning difficulties, deficits in social communication, and interactions. Numerous medications, dietary supplements, and behavioral treatments have been recommended for the management of this condition, however, there is no cure yet. Recent studies have examined the therapeutic potential of the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in neurodevelopmental diseases, based on their proved anti-inflammatory effects, such as downregulating the expression of several proteins, including the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and the monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1). Furthermore, numerous previous studies revealed the potential of the SGLT2 inhibitors to provide antioxidant effects, due to their ability to reduce the generation of free radicals and upregulating the antioxidant systems, such as glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), while crossing the blood brain barrier (BBB). These properties have led to significant improvements in the neurologic outcomes of multiple experimental disease models, including cerebral oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus and ischemic stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and epilepsy. Such diseases have mutual biomarkers with ASD, which potentially could be a link to fill the gap of the literature studying the potential of repurposing the SGLT2 inhibitors' use in ameliorating the symptoms of ASD. This review will look at the impact of the SGLT2 inhibitors on neurodevelopmental disorders on the various models, including humans, rats, and mice, with a focus on the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin. Furthermore, this review will discuss how SGLT2 inhibitors regulate the ASD biomarkers, based on the clinical evidence supporting their functions as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Moutaz Nakhal
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Salahdein Aburuz
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Bassem Sadek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
| | - Amal Akour
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Al-Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain P.O. Box 17666, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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Hesperidin Protects SH−SY5Y Neuronal Cells against High Glucose−Induced Apoptosis via Regulation of MAPK Signaling. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091707. [PMID: 36139782 PMCID: PMC9495902 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with neuronal cell death through apoptosis. Apoptosis is tightly associated with the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and high glucose levels contribute to higher oxidative stress in diabetic patients. Hesperidin, a natural active compound, has been reported to scavenge free radicals. Only a few studies have explored the protective effects of hesperidin against high glucose−induced apoptosis in SH−SY5Y neuronal cells. Glucose stimulated neuronal cells to generate excessive ROS and caused DNA damage. In addition, glucose triggered endoplasmic reticulum stress and upregulated cytoplasmic as well as mitochondrial calcium levels. Hesperidin inhibited glucose−induced ROS production and mitigated the associated DNA damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress. The downregulation of antiapoptotic protein Bcl−2 following glucose treatment was reversed by a hesperidin treatment. Furthermore, hesperidin repressed the glucose−induced Bcl−2−associated X protein, cleaved caspase−9, and cleaved caspase−3. Hesperidin also suppressed the glucose−induced phosphorylation of extracellular signal−regulated kinase and c−Jun N−terminal kinase. The current results confirmed that hesperidin could protect neuronal cells against glucose−induced ROS. Mechanistically, hesperidin was shown to promote cell viability via attenuation of the mitogen−activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
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20
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Fatty Acids: A Safe Tool for Improving Neurodevelopmental Alterations in Down Syndrome? Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142880. [PMID: 35889838 PMCID: PMC9323400 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The triplication of chromosome 21 causes Down syndrome (DS), a genetic disorder that is characterized by intellectual disability (ID). The causes of ID start in utero, leading to impairments in neurogenesis, and continue into infancy, leading to impairments in dendritogenesis, spinogenesis, and connectivity. These defects are associated with alterations in mitochondrial and metabolic functions and precocious aging, leading to the early development of Alzheimer’s disease. Intense efforts are currently underway, taking advantage of DS mouse models to discover pharmacotherapies for the neurodevelopmental and cognitive deficits of DS. Many treatments that proved effective in mouse models may raise safety concerns over human use, especially at early life stages. Accumulating evidence shows that fatty acids, which are nutrients present in normal diets, exert numerous positive effects on the brain. Here, we review (i) the knowledge obtained from animal models regarding the effects of fatty acids on the brain, by focusing on alterations that are particularly prominent in DS, and (ii) the progress recently made in a DS mouse model, suggesting that fatty acids may indeed represent a useful treatment for DS. This scenario should prompt the scientific community to further explore the potential benefit of fatty acids for people with DS.
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21
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Yang J, Dong C, Ren F, Xie Y, Liu H, Zhang H, Jin J. Lactobacillus paracasei M11-4 isolated from fermented rice demonstrates good antioxidant properties in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3107-3118. [PMID: 34786708 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics are defined as microorganisms that can exert health benefits for the host. Among the recognized probiotics, Lactobacillus paracasei are one of the most frequently used probiotics in humans. The L. paracasei strain M11-4, isolated from fermented rice (which could ferment soymilk within a short curd time) and fermented soymilk presented high viability, acceptable flavor, and antioxidant activity, which revealed that the strain maybe have a potential antioxidant value. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the antioxidant activity of L. paracasei strain M11-4. RESULTS The radical scavenging activities, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and reducing power of L. paracasei M11-4 were the highest in the fermentation culture without cells, whereas the activities of other antioxidant enzymes of L. paracasei M11-4 were high in the cell-free extract and bacterial suspension. Moreover, L. paracasei M11-4 exerted its antioxidant effect by upregulating the gene expression of its antioxidant enzymes - the thioredoxin and glutathione systems - when hydrogen peroxide existed. Supplementation of rats with L. paracasei M11-4 effectively alleviated d-galactose-induced oxidative damage in the liver and serum and prevented d-galactose-induced changes to intestinal microbiota. Supplementation with L. paracasei M11-4 also reduced the elevated expression of thioredoxin and glutathione system genes induced by d-galactose. CONCLUSION L. paracasei M11-4 has good antioxidant properties both in vitro and in vivo, and its antioxidant mechanism was studied at the molecular level. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjun Yang
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyang Dong
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
| | - Fazheng Ren
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanhong Xie
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
| | - Junhua Jin
- Key Food Science and Engineering College, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection and Control of Spoilage Organisms and Pesticide Residues in Agricultural Products, Beijing, China
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22
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Balakrishnan R, Azam S, Kim IS, Choi DK. Neuroprotective Effects of Black Pepper and Its Bioactive Compounds in Age-Related Neurological Disorders. Aging Dis 2022; 14:750-777. [PMID: 37191428 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.1022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Age-related neurological disorders (ANDs), including neurodegenerative diseases, are multifactorial disorders whose risk increases with age. The main pathological hallmarks of ANDs include behavioral changes, excessive oxidative stress, progressive functional declines, impaired mitochondrial function, protein misfolding, neuroinflammation, and neuronal cell death. Recently, efforts have been made to overcome ANDs because of their increased age-dependent prevalence. Black pepper, the fruit of Piper nigrum L. in the family Piperaceae, is an important food spice that has long been used in traditional medicine to treat various human diseases. Consumption of black pepper and black pepper-enriched products is associated with numerous health benefits due to its antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, antihypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective properties. This review shows that black pepper's major bioactive neuroprotective compounds, such as piperine, effectively prevent AND symptoms and pathological conditions by modulating cell survival signaling and death. Relevant molecular mechanisms are also discussed. In addition, we highlight how recently developed novel nanodelivery systems are vital for improving the efficacy, solubility, bioavailability, and neuroprotective properties of black pepper (and thus piperine) in different experimental AND models, including clinical trials. This extensive review shows that black pepper and its active ingredients have therapeutic potential for ANDs.
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23
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Ma R, Johnson JHR, Tang Y, Fitzgerald MC. Analysis of Brain Protein Stability Changes in Mouse Models of Normal Aging and α-Synucleinopathy Reveals Age- and Disease-Related Differences. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:5156-5168. [PMID: 34606284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Here, we utilize the stability of proteins from rates of oxidation (SPROX) technique, to profile the thermodynamic stabilities of proteins in brain tissue cell lysates from Huα-Syn(A53T) transgenic mice at three time points including at 1 month (n = 9), at 6 months (n = 7), and at the time (between 9 and 16 months) a mouse became symptomatic (n = 8). The thermodynamic stability profiles generated here on 332 proteins were compared to thermodynamic stability profiles generated on the same proteins from similarly aged wild-type mice using a two-way unbalanced analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis. This analysis identified a group of 22 proteins with age-related protein stability changes and a group of 11 proteins that were differentially stabilized in the Huα-Syn(A53T) transgenic mouse model. A total of 9 of the 11 proteins identified here with disease-related stability changes have been previously detected in human cerebral spinal fluid and thus have potential utility as biomarkers of Parkinson's disease (PD). The differential stability observed for one protein, glutamate decarboxylase 2 (Gad2), with an age-related change in stability, was consistent with the differential presence of a known, age-related truncation product of this protein, which is shown here to have a higher folding stability than full-length Gad2. Mass spectrometry data were deposited at ProteomeXchange (PXD016985).
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Affiliation(s)
- Renze Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Julia H R Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Yun Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
| | - Michael C Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Box 90346, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0346, United States
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24
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Hidrox ® and Chronic Cystitis: Biochemical Evaluation of Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Pain. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071046. [PMID: 34209690 PMCID: PMC8300770 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is a chronic bladder condition characterized by frequent urination, inflammation, oxidative stress, and pain. The aim of the study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of an oral administration of Hidrox® (10 mg/kg) in the bladder and spinal cord in a rodent model of IC/BPS. The chronic animal model of cystitis was induced by repeated intraperitoneal injections of cyclophosphamide (CYP) for five consecutive days. Treatment with Hidrox® began on the third day of the CYP injection and continued until the 10th day. CYP administration caused macroscopic and histological bladder changes, inflammatory infiltrates, increased mast cell numbers, oxidative stress, decreased expression of the tight endothelial junction (e.g., zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) and occludin), and bladder pain. Treatment with Hidrox® was able to improve CYP-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) pathway. It was also able to reduce bladder pain which was aggravated by the activation of neuroinflammation in the central nervous system. In particular, Hidrox® reduced the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as the activation of astrocytes and microglia, consequently reducing mechanical allodynia. These results indicate that nutritional consumption of Hidrox® can be considered as a new therapeutic approach for human cystitis, increasing the conceivable potential of a significant improvement in the quality of life associated with a lowering of symptom intensity in patients with IC/BPS.
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Ravandeh M, Coliva G, Kahlert H, Azinfar A, Helm CA, Fedorova M, Wende K. Protective Role of Sphingomyelin in Eye Lens Cell Membrane Model against Oxidative Stress. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11020276. [PMID: 33668553 PMCID: PMC7918908 DOI: 10.3390/biom11020276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In the eye lens cell membrane, the lipid composition changes during the aging process: the proportion of sphingomyelins (SM) increases, that of phosphatidylcholines decreases. To investigate the protective role of the SMs in the lens cell membrane against oxidative damage, analytical techniques such as electrochemistry, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were applied. Supported lipid bilayers (SLB) were prepared to mimic the lens cell membrane with different fractions of PLPC/SM (PLPC: 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). The SLBs were treated with cold physical plasma. A protective effect of 30% and 44% in the presence of 25%, and 75% SM in the bilayer was observed, respectively. PLPC and SM oxidation products were determined via HR-MS for SLBs after plasma treatment. The yield of fragments gradually decreased as the SM ratio increased. Topographic images obtained by AFM of PLPC-bilayers showed SLB degradation and pore formation after plasma treatment, no degradation was observed in PLPC/SM bilayers. The results of all techniques confirm the protective role of SM in the membrane against oxidative damage and support the idea that the SM content in lens cell membrane is increased during aging in the absence of effective antioxidant systems to protect the eye from oxidative damage and to prolong lens transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Ravandeh
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, ZIK Plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (K.W.)
| | - Giulia Coliva
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (G.C.); (M.F.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Heike Kahlert
- Institute of Biochemistry, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489 Greifswald, Germany;
| | - Amir Azinfar
- Institute of Physics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (A.A.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Christiane A. Helm
- Institute of Physics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 6, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; (A.A.); (C.A.H.)
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Universität Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; (G.C.); (M.F.)
- Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristian Wende
- Leibniz-Institute for Plasma Science and Technology, ZIK Plasmatis, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
- Correspondence: (M.R.); (K.W.)
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Camarillo-López RH, Hernández Rodríguez M, Torres-Ramos MA, Arciniega-Martínez IM, García-Marín ID, Correa Basurto J, Méndez Méndez JV, Rosales-Hernández MC. Tert-butyl-(4-hydroxy-3-((3-(2-methylpiperidin-yl)propyl)carbamoyl)phenyl)carbamate Has Moderated Protective Activity in Astrocytes Stimulated with Amyloid Beta 1-42 and in a Scopolamine Model. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25215009. [PMID: 33137907 PMCID: PMC7672627 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25215009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with no cure nowadays; there is no treatment either to prevent or to stop its progression. In vitro studies suggested that tert-butyl-(4-hydroxy-3-((3-(2-methylpiperidin-yl)propyl)carbamoyl)phenyl) carbamate named the M4 compound can act as both β-secretase and an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, preventing the amyloid beta peptide (Aβ) aggregation and the formation of fibrils (fAβ) from Aβ1-42. This work first aimed to assess in in vitro studies to see whether the death of astrocyte cells promoted by Aβ1-42 could be prevented. Second, our work investigated the ability of the M4 compound to inhibit amyloidogenesis using an in vivo model after scopolamine administration. The results showed that M4 possesses a moderate protective effect in astrocytes against Aβ1-42 due to a reduction in the TNF-α and free radicals observed in cell cultures. In the in vivo studies, however, no significant effect of M4 was observed in comparison with a galantamine model employed in rats, in which case this outcome was attributed to the bioavailability of M4 in the brain of the rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Horacio Camarillo-López
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y biocatálisis, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (R.H.C.-L.); (M.H.R.); (I.D.G.-M.)
| | - Maricarmen Hernández Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y biocatálisis, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (R.H.C.-L.); (M.H.R.); (I.D.G.-M.)
| | - Mónica Adriana Torres-Ramos
- Unidad Periférica de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina UNAM-Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, MVS-SSA, Insurgentes sur 3877, La Fama, Tlalpan, 14269 Ciudad de México, Mexico;
| | - Ivonne Maciel Arciniega-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Inmunidad de Mucosas, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico;
| | - Iohanan Daniel García-Marín
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y biocatálisis, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (R.H.C.-L.); (M.H.R.); (I.D.G.-M.)
| | - José Correa Basurto
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Desarrollo de Nuevos Fármacos e Innovación Biotecnológica, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico;
| | - Juan Vicente Méndez Méndez
- Centro de Nanociencias y Micro y Nanotecnologías, Instituto Politécnico Nacional. Av. Luis Enrique Erro s/n, Nueva Industrial Vallejo, Gustavo A. Madero, 07738 Ciudad de México, Mexico;
| | - Martha Cecilia Rosales-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y biocatálisis, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Diaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Ciudad de México, Mexico; (R.H.C.-L.); (M.H.R.); (I.D.G.-M.)
- Correspondence:
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Finelli MJ. Redox Post-translational Modifications of Protein Thiols in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Conditions-Focus on S-Nitrosation. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:254. [PMID: 33088270 PMCID: PMC7497228 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species (RONS) are by-products of aerobic metabolism. RONS trigger a signaling cascade that can be transduced through oxidation-reduction (redox)-based post-translational modifications (redox PTMs) of protein thiols. This redox signaling is essential for normal cellular physiology and coordinately regulates the function of redox-sensitive proteins. It plays a particularly important role in the brain, which is a major producer of RONS. Aberrant redox PTMs of protein thiols can impair protein function and are associated with several diseases. This mini review article aims to evaluate the role of redox PTMs of protein thiols, in particular S-nitrosation, in brain aging, and in neurodegenerative diseases. It also discusses the potential of using redox-based therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattéa J Finelli
- School of Medicine, Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Kang RR, Sun Q, Chen KG, Cao QT, Liu C, Liu K, Ma Z, Deng Y, Liu W, Xu B. Resveratrol prevents benzo(a)pyrene-induced disruption of mitochondrial homeostasis via the AMPK signaling pathway in primary cultured neurons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 261:114207. [PMID: 32220751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) has been shown to cause mitochondrial dysfunction and injury to neural cells. Resveratrol (RSV) has been studied as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anticancer agent and can modulate mitochondrial function in vitro and in vivo. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying RSV's protection against mitochondrial dysfunction have not been fully elucidated. To investigate whether RSV can effectively prevent BaP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, we tested the effects of RSV in primary neuronal models. Our results confirmed that neurons exhibited mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in the mitochondrial pathway after BaP-treatment, and that pretreatment with RSV could reduce that dysfunction. Further, our results indicated that RSV pretreatment enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis via the AMPK/PGC-1α pathway and activated mitophagy via the PINK1-Parkin and AMPK/ULK1 pathways, thereby coordinating mitochondrial homeostasis. We also found that RSV could alleviate mitochondrial network fragmentation caused by BaP. This work provided insights into the role of RSV in preventing BaP-induced primary neuronal apoptosis in the mitochondrial pathway, mainly via regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy through AMPK pathway, thus maintaining the integrity of the mitochondrial network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Run-Run Kang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kai-Ge Chen
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qing-Tian Cao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Kuan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhuo Ma
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning, China.
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Clement M, Luo L. Organismal Aging and Oxidants beyond Macromolecules Damage. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1800400. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201800400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marie‐Veronique Clement
- Department of BiochemistryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 117596 Singapore
- National University of Singapore Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering Singapore 117456 Singapore
| | - Le Luo
- Department of BiochemistryYong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of Singapore Singapore 117596 Singapore
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30
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Martinelli C, Pucci C, Battaglini M, Marino A, Ciofani G. Antioxidants and Nanotechnology: Promises and Limits of Potentially Disruptive Approaches in the Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901589. [PMID: 31854132 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Many central nervous system (CNS) diseases are still incurable and only symptomatic treatments are available. Oxidative stress is suggested to be a common hallmark, being able to cause and exacerbate the neuronal cell dysfunctions at the basis of these pathologies, such as mitochondrial impairments, accumulation of misfolded proteins, cell membrane damages, and apoptosis induction. Several antioxidant compounds are tested as potential countermeasures for CNS disorders, but their efficacy is often hindered by the loss of antioxidant properties due to enzymatic degradation, low bioavailability, poor water solubility, and insufficient blood-brain barrier crossing efficiency. To overcome the limitations of antioxidant molecules, exploitation of nanostructures, either for their delivery or with inherent antioxidant properties, is proposed. In this review, after a brief discussion concerning the role of the blood-brain barrier in the CNS and the involvement of oxidative stress in some neurodegenerative diseases, the most interesting research concerning the use of nano-antioxidants is introduced and discussed, focusing on the synthesis procedures, functionalization strategies, in vitro and in vivo tests, and on recent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Martinelli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Carlotta Pucci
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Matteo Battaglini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
- Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, The Biorobotics Institute, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Attilio Marino
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianni Ciofani
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Smart Bio-Interfaces, Viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy
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McLean FH, Campbell FM, Langston RF, Sergi D, Resch C, Grant C, Morris AC, Mayer CD, Williams LM. A high-fat diet induces rapid changes in the mouse hypothalamic proteome. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2019; 16:26. [PMID: 31168311 PMCID: PMC6489262 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-019-0352-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prolonged over-consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) commonly leads to obesity and insulin resistance. However, even 3 days of HFD consumption has been linked to inflammation within the key homeostatic brain region, the hypothalamus. METHODS Mice were fed either a low-fat diet (LFD) or HFD containing 10% or 60% (Kcal) respectively from fat for 3 days. Mice were weighed, food intake measured and glucose tolerance calculated using intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests (IPGTT). Proteomic analysis was carried out to determine if hypothalamic proteins were changed by a HFD. The direct effects of dietary fatty acids on mitochondrial morphology and on one of the proteins most changed by a HFD, dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 2 (DRP-2) a microtubule-associated protein which regulates microtubule dynamics, were also tested in mHypoE-N42 (N42) neuronal cells challenged with palmitic acid (PA) and oleic acid (OA). RESULTS Mice on the HFD, as expected, showed increased adiposity and glucose intolerance. Hypothalamic proteomic analysis revealed changes in 104 spots after 3 days on HFD, which, when identified by LC/MS/MS, were found to represent 78 proteins mainly associated with cytoskeleton and synaptic plasticity, stress response, glucose metabolism and mitochondrial function. Over half of the changed proteins have also been reported to be changed in neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. Also,in N42 neurons mitochondrial morphology and DRP-2 levels were altered by PA but not by OA. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that within 3 days, there is a relatively large effect of HFD on the hypothalamic proteome indicative of cellular stress, altered synaptic plasticity and mitochondrial function, but not inflammation. Changes in N42 cells show an effect of PA but not OA on DRP-2 and on mitochondrial morphology indicating that long-chain saturated fatty acids damage neuronal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona H. McLean
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
- Division of Neuroscience, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY UK
| | - Fiona M. Campbell
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Rosamund F. Langston
- Division of Neuroscience, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, Dundee, DD1 9SY UK
| | - Domenico Sergi
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
- Nutrition & Health Substantiation Group, Nutrition and Health Program, Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, SA 5000 Australia
| | - Cibell Resch
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Christine Grant
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Amanda C. Morris
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Claus D. Mayer
- Biomathematics and Statistics Scotland, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
| | - Lynda M. Williams
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen Foresterhill Campus, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD UK
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32
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Biochemical deficits and cognitive decline in brain aging: Intervention by dietary supplements. J Chem Neuroanat 2019; 95:70-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Koike S, Ando C, Usui Y, Kibune Y, Nishimoto S, Suzuki T, Ogasawara Y. Age-related alteration in the distribution of methylglyoxal and its metabolic enzymes in the mouse brain. Brain Res Bull 2018; 144:164-170. [PMID: 30508605 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is an α-dicarbonyl compound that is naturally produced in vivo through glucose metabolism. In general, MG is metabolized by the glyoxalase 1(GLO1)/GLO2 system and aldose reductase (AR); however, excessive MG can react with proteins and nucleic acids to induce the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Recently, the accumulation of AGEs in the brain has been presumed to be related to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, respectively. Research investigating the role of AGEs in such diseases is ongoing. However, the changes in MG concentration that occur in the brain during healthy ageing remain unclear. Therefore, we performed fractionation of the brains of aged and young mice, measured the MG concentration in each part of the brain, and then examined the distribution. We also investigated the expression levels of GLO1 and AR, the main metabolizing enzymes of MG, in various brain regions, across age groups. We show that MG concentration varies among different regions of the brain, and that MG concentration in aged mice is significantly lower than that in young mice across all regions of the brain, except the brain stem. In addition, although the expression level of the GLO1 protein in the brain did not change with ageing, the expression level of AR was higher in aged than in young mice. Moreover, although a significant positive correlation was observed between GLO1 expression and MG concentration in the brains of young mice, no significant correlations were observed in the brains of aged mice. Meanwhile, the production of protein carbonyls and the accumulation of AGEs were not observed in the brains of aged mice. These results suggest that the accumulation of MG in the brain, along with the carbonyl stress are suppressed and regionally controlled during healthy ageing. This finding is useful as the foundation for further studies to investigate the role and toxicity of MG in various age-related disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin Koike
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Chihiro Ando
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yosuke Usui
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kibune
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Shoichi Nishimoto
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Suzuki
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan
| | - Yuki Ogasawara
- Department of Analytical Biochemistry, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo, 204-8588, Japan.
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Lourenço CF, Ledo A, Caetano M, Barbosa RM, Laranjinha J. Age-Dependent Impairment of Neurovascular and Neurometabolic Coupling in the Hippocampus. Front Physiol 2018; 9:913. [PMID: 30065657 PMCID: PMC6056650 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling are critical and complex processes underlying brain function. Perturbations in the regulation of these processes are, likely, early dysfunctional alterations in pathological brain aging and age-related neurodegeneration. Evidences support the role of nitric oxide (•NO) as a key messenger both in neurovascular coupling, by signaling from neurons to blood vessels, and in neurometabolic coupling, by modulating O2 utilization by mitochondria. In the present study, we investigated the functionality of neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling in connection to •NO signaling and in association to cognitive performance during aging. For this, we performed in vivo simultaneous measurements of •NO, O2 and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the hippocampus of F344 rats along chronological age in response to glutamatergic activation and in correlation with cognitive performance. Firstly, it is evidenced the temporal sequence of events upon glutamate stimulation of hippocampal dentate gyrus, encompassing the local and transitory increase of •NO followed by transitory local changes of CBF and pO2. Specifically, the transient increase of •NO is followed by an increase of CBF and biphasic changes of the local pO2. We observed that, although the glutamate-induced •NO dynamics were not significantly affected by aging, the correspondent hemodynamic was progressively diminished accompanying a decline in learning and memory. Noteworthy, in spite of a compromised blood supply, in aged rats we observed an increased ΔpO2 associated to the hemodynamic response, suggestive of a decrease in the global metabolic rate of O2. Furthermore, the impairment in the neurovascular coupling observed along aging in F344 rats was mimicked in young rats by promoting an unbalance in redox status toward oxidation via intracellular generation of superoxide radical. This observation strengthens the idea that oxidative stress may have a critical role in the neurovascular uncoupling underlying brain aging and dysfunction. Overall, data supports an impairment of neurovascular response in connection with cognition decline due to oxidative environment-dependent compromised •NO signaling from neurons to vessels during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cátia F Lourenço
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Ledo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Miguel Caetano
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui M Barbosa
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Laranjinha
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress increases in the brain with aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Previous work emphasized irreversible oxidative damage in relation to cognitive impairment. This research has evolved to consider a continuum of alterations, from redox signaling to oxidative damage, which provides a basis for understanding the onset and progression of cognitive impairment. This review provides an update on research linking redox signaling to altered function of neural circuits involved in information processing and memory. Recent Advances: Starting in middle age, redox signaling triggers changes in nervous system physiology described as senescent physiology. Hippocampal senescent physiology involves decreased cell excitability, altered synaptic plasticity, and decreased synaptic transmission. Recent studies indicate N-methyl-d-aspartate and ryanodine receptors and Ca2+ signaling molecules as molecular substrates of redox-mediated senescent physiology. CRITICAL ISSUES We review redox homeostasis mechanisms and consider the chemical character of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and their role in regulating different transmitter systems. In this regard, senescent physiology may represent the co-opting of pathways normally responsible for feedback regulation of synaptic transmission. Furthermore, differences across transmitter systems may underlie differential vulnerability of brain regions and neuronal circuits to aging and disease. FUTURE DIRECTIONS It will be important to identify the intrinsic mechanisms for the shift in oxidative/reductive processes. Intrinsic mechanism will depend on the transmitter system, oxidative stressors, and expression/activity of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, it will be important to identify how intrinsic processes interact with other aging factors, including changes in inflammatory or hormonal signals. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 1724-1745.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Brittney Yegla
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
| | - Thomas C Foster
- 1 Department of Neuroscience, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida.,2 Genetics and Genomics Program, Genetics Institute, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida
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36
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Kudryavtseva AV, Krasnov GS, Dmitriev AA, Alekseev BY, Kardymon OL, Sadritdinova AF, Fedorova MS, Pokrovsky AV, Melnikova NV, Kaprin AD, Moskalev AA, Snezhkina AV. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in aging and cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:44879-44905. [PMID: 27270647 PMCID: PMC5216692 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 330] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging and cancer are the most important issues to research. The population in the world is growing older, and the incidence of cancer increases with age. There is no doubt about the linkage between aging and cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this association are still unknown. Several lines of evidence suggest that the oxidative stress as a cause and/or consequence of the mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the main drivers of these processes. Increasing ROS levels and products of the oxidative stress, which occur in aging and age-related disorders, were also found in cancer. This review focuses on the similarities between ageing-associated and cancer-associated oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction as their common phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - George S Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Y Alekseev
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga L Kardymon
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Asiya F Sadritdinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S Fedorova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Nataliya V Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey D Kaprin
- National Medical Research Radiological Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A Moskalev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
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37
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Ruiz M, Bégou M, Launay N, Ranea-Robles P, Bianchi P, López-Erauskin J, Morató L, Guilera C, Petit B, Vaurs-Barriere C, Guéret-Gonthier C, Bonnet-Dupeyron MN, Fourcade S, Auwerx J, Boespflug-Tanguy O, Pujol A. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics malfunction are linked in Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease. Brain Pathol 2017; 28:611-630. [PMID: 29027761 PMCID: PMC8028267 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.12571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelizaeus‐Merzbacher disease (PMD) is a fatal hypomyelinating disorder characterized by early impairment of motor development, nystagmus, choreoathetotic movements, ataxia and progressive spasticity. PMD is caused by variations in the proteolipid protein gene PLP1, which encodes the two major myelin proteins of the central nervous system, PLP and its spliced isoform DM20, in oligodendrocytes. Large duplications including the entire PLP1 gene are the most frequent causative mutation leading to the classical form of PMD. The Plp1 overexpressing mouse model (PLP‐tg66/66) develops a phenotype very similar to human PMD, with early and severe motor dysfunction and a dramatic decrease in lifespan. The sequence of cellular events that cause neurodegeneration and ultimately death is poorly understood. In this work, we analyzed patient‐derived fibroblasts and spinal cords of the PLP‐tg66/66 mouse model, and identified redox imbalance, with altered antioxidant defense and oxidative damage to several enzymes involved in ATP production, such as glycolytic enzymes, creatine kinase and mitochondrial proteins from the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. We also evidenced malfunction of the mitochondria compartment with increased ROS production and depolarization in PMD patient's fibroblasts, which was prevented by the antioxidant N‐acetyl‐cysteine. Finally, we uncovered an impairment of mitochondrial dynamics in patient's fibroblasts which may help explain the ultrastructural abnormalities of mitochondria morphology detected in spinal cords from PLP‐tg66/66 mice. Altogether, these results underscore the link between redox and metabolic homeostasis in myelin diseases, provide insight into the pathophysiology of PMD, and may bear implications for tailored pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Montserrat Ruiz
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Mélina Bégou
- Inserm, UMR 1107, NEURO-DOL, F-63001 Clermont-Ferrand, France.,Université Clermont Auvergne, NEURO-DOL, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Launay
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Pablo Ranea-Robles
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Patrizia Bianchi
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Jone López-Erauskin
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Laia Morató
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Cristina Guilera
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Bérengère Petit
- Université Clermont Auvergne, GReD, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | | | | | - Stéphane Fourcade
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory for Integrative and Systems Physiology, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 15, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Odile Boespflug-Tanguy
- Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris (APHP), Reference Center for Rare Diseases "Leukodystrophies," Child Neurology and Metabolic Disorders Department, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France.,Inserm, Paris Diderot University UMR 1141, DHU PROTECT, Sorbonne Paris-Cite, Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Aurora Pujol
- Neurometabolic Diseases Laboratory, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBERER), ISCIII, Spain.,Institute of Neuropathology, University of Barcelona, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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38
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Freitas HR, Ferreira GDC, Trevenzoli IH, Oliveira KDJ, de Melo Reis RA. Fatty Acids, Antioxidants and Physical Activity in Brain Aging. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111263. [PMID: 29156608 PMCID: PMC5707735 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and antioxidants are important mediators in the central nervous system. Lipid derivatives may control the production of proinflammatory agents and regulate NF-κB activity, microglial activation, and fatty acid oxidation; on the other hand, antioxidants, such as glutathione and ascorbate, have been shown to signal through transmitter receptors and protect against acute and chronic oxidative stress, modulating the activity of different signaling pathways. Several authors have investigated the role of these nutrients in the brains of the young and the aged in degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, and during brain aging due to adiposity- and physical inactivity-mediated metabolic disturbances, chronic inflammation, and oxidative stress. Through a literature review, we aimed to highlight recent data on the role of adiposity, fatty acids, antioxidants, and physical inactivity in the pathophysiology of the brain and in the molecular mechanisms of senescence. Data indicate the complexity and necessity of endogenous/dietary antioxidants for the maintenance of redox status and the control of neuroglial signaling under stress. Recent studies also indicate that omega-3 and -6 fatty acids act in a competitive manner to generate mediators for energy metabolism, influencing feeding behavior, neural plasticity, and memory during aging. Finding pharmacological or dietary resources that mitigate or prevent neurodegenerative affections continues to be a great challenge and requires additional effort from researchers, clinicians, and nutritionists in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hércules Rezende Freitas
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo da Costa Ferreira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetics and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Isis Hara Trevenzoli
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
| | - Karen de Jesus Oliveira
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Metabology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói 24210-130, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
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39
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Chang Y, Wei W, Tong L, Liu Y, Zhou A, Chen J, Wei R, Zhang P, Su X. Weikangning therapy in functional dyspepsia and the protective role of Nrf2. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:2885-2894. [PMID: 28928800 PMCID: PMC5590041 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a non-organic gastrointestinal disorder that has a marked negative impact on quality of life. Compared with conventional pharmacological therapies, the traditional Chinese medicine weikangning (WKN) is a safe and effective treatment for FD. The present study aimed to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying the efficacy of WKN. The effect of different concentrations of WKN on the proliferation of the human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1 was assessed. The optimal WKN concentration to promote cell proliferation was determined, and this concentration was used to examine the effect of WKN compared with a domperidone-treated positive control group on the antioxidant capacity of GES-1 cells. The effect of WKN treatment on the growth and antioxidant activity of GES-1 cells was also assessed following nuclear factor erythroid 2 like 2 (Nrf2) knockdown. The optimal WKN dose for promoting cell growth was determined to be 0.025 mg/ml; at this concentration the expression of the antioxidant proteins glutathione S-transferase P and superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) were significantly elevated (P<0.0001). Furthermore, the amount of reduced glutathione and activity of SOD2 were significantly increased (P<0.0001 and P<0.01, respectively), and malondialdehyde content was significantly decreased, compared with the controls (P<0.001). With WKN treatment, the transcription of Nrf2 and its downstream genes were significantly upregulated (P<0.01), and the level and nuclear distribution of Nrf2 protein was also markedly increased. Following Nrf2 silencing, the protective antioxidant effects of WKN treatment were impaired and GES-1 cell proliferation decreased. The results of the present study suggest that the efficacy of WKN in protecting gastric mucosal epithelial cells in FD is antioxidant-dependent and mediated by Nrf2 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Chang
- Department of Postgraduate Studies, Oriental Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Li Tong
- Institute of Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P.R. China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Aimin Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
| | - Jiande Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 44115, USA
| | - Ruhan Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH 44114, USA
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolan Su
- Department of Gastroenterology, Wangjing Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, P.R. China
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40
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Di Domenico F, Barone E, Perluigi M, Butterfield DA. The Triangle of Death in Alzheimer's Disease Brain: The Aberrant Cross-Talk Among Energy Metabolism, Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling, and Protein Homeostasis Revealed by Redox Proteomics. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 26:364-387. [PMID: 27626216 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2016.6759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder and represents one of the most disabling conditions. AD shares many features in common with systemic insulin resistance diseases, suggesting that it can be considered as a metabolic disease, characterized by reduced insulin-stimulated growth and survival signaling, increased oxidative stress (OS), proinflammatory cytokine activation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired energy metabolism, and altered protein homeostasis. Recent Advances: Reduced glucose utilization and energy metabolism in AD have been associated with the buildup of amyloid-β peptide and hyperphosphorylated tau, increased OS, and the accumulation of unfolded/misfolded proteins. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is aberrantly activated in AD since early stages, plays a key role during AD neurodegeneration by, on one side, inhibiting insulin signaling as a negative feedback mechanism and, on the other side, regulating protein homeostasis (synthesis/clearance). CRITICAL ISSUES It is likely that the concomitant and mutual alterations of energy metabolism-mTOR signaling-protein homeostasis might represent a self-sustaining triangle of harmful events that trigger the degeneration and death of neurons and the development and progression of AD. Intriguingly, the altered cross-talk between the components of such a triangle of death, beyond altering the redox homeostasis of the neuron, is further exacerbated by increased levels of OS that target and impair key components of the pathways involved. Redox proteomic studies in human samples and animal models of AD-like dementia led to identification of oxidatively modified components of the pathways composing the triangle of death, therefore revealing the crucial role of OS in fueling this aberrant vicious cycle. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The identification of compounds able to restore the function of the pathways targeted by oxidative damage might represent a valuable therapeutic approach to slow or delay AD. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 26, 364-387.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Di Domenico
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Barone
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy .,2 Facultad de Salud, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile , Santiago, Chile
| | - Marzia Perluigi
- 1 Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome , Rome, Italy
| | - D Allan Butterfield
- 3 Department of Chemistry, Sanders-Brown Center of Aging, University of Kentucky , Lexington, Kentucky
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41
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Perez SD, Du K, Rendeiro C, Wang L, Wu Q, Rubakhin SS, Vazhappilly R, Baxter JH, Sweedler JV, Rhodes JS. A unique combination of micronutrients rejuvenates cognitive performance in aged mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 320:97-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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42
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Mock JT, Chaudhari K, Sidhu A, Sumien N. The influence of vitamins E and C and exercise on brain aging. Exp Gerontol 2016; 94:69-72. [PMID: 27939444 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Age-related declines in motor and cognitive function have been associated with increases in oxidative stress. Accordingly, interventions capable of reducing the oxidative burden would be capable of preventing or reducing functional declines occurring during aging. Popular interventions such as antioxidant intake and moderate exercise are often recommended to attain healthy aging and have the capacity to alter redox burden. This review is intended to summarize the outcomes of antioxidant supplementation (more specifically of vitamins C and E) and exercise training on motor and cognitive declines during aging, and on measures of oxidative stress. Additionally, we will address whether co-implementation of these two types of interventions can potentially further their individual benefits. Together, these studies highlight the importance of using translationally-relevant parameters for interventions and to study their combined outcomes on healthy brain aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Thomas Mock
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Kiran Chaudhari
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Akram Sidhu
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Nathalie Sumien
- Center for Neuroscience Discovery, Institute for Healthy Aging, University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
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43
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Roberts JH, Liu F, Karnuta JM, Fitzgerald MC. Discovery of Age-Related Protein Folding Stability Differences in the Mouse Brain Proteome. J Proteome Res 2016; 15:4731-4741. [PMID: 27806573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Described here is the application of thermodynamic stability measurements to study age-related differences in the folding and stability of proteins in a rodent model of aging. Thermodynamic stability profiles were generated for 809 proteins in brain cell lysates from mice, aged 6 (n = 7) and 18 months (n = 9) using the Stability of Proteins from Rates of Oxidation (SPROX) technique. The biological variability of the protein stability measurements was low and within the experimental error of SPROX. A total of 83 protein hits were detected with age-related stability differences in the brain samples. Remarkably, the large majority of the brain protein hits were destabilized in the old mice, and the hits were enriched in proteins that have slow turnover rates (p < 0.07). Furthermore, 70% of the hits have been previously linked to aging or age-related diseases. These results help validate the use of thermodynamic stability measurements to capture relevant age-related proteomic changes and establish a new biophysical link between these proteins and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia H Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jaret M Karnuta
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Michael C Fitzgerald
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University , Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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44
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Ujcikova H, Vosahlikova M, Roubalova L, Svoboda P. Proteomic analysis of protein composition of rat forebrain cortex exposed to morphine for 10 days; comparison with animals exposed to morphine and subsequently nurtured for 20 days in the absence of this drug. J Proteomics 2016; 145:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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45
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Riemer J, Schwarzländer M, Conrad M, Herrmann JM. Thiol switches in mitochondria: operation and physiological relevance. Biol Chem 2016; 396:465-82. [PMID: 25720067 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2014-0293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are a major source of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the cell, particularly of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide. A number of dedicated enzymes regulate the conversion and consumption of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide in the intermembrane space and the matrix of mitochondria. Nevertheless, hydrogen peroxide can also interact with many other mitochondrial enzymes, particularly those with reactive cysteine residues, modulating their reactivity in accordance with changes in redox conditions. In this review we will describe the general redox systems in mitochondria of animals, fungi and plants and discuss potential target proteins that were proposed to contain regulatory thiol switches.
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46
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Abstract
The field of redox proteomics focuses to a large extent on analyzing cysteine oxidation in proteins under different experimental conditions and states of diseases. The identification and localization of oxidized cysteines within the cellular milieu is critical for understanding the redox regulation of proteins under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, and it will in turn provide important information that are potentially useful for the development of novel strategies in the treatment and prevention of diseases associated with oxidative stress. Antioxidant enzymes that catalyze oxidation/reduction processes are able to serve as redox biomarkers in various human diseases, and they are key regulators controlling the redox state of functional proteins. Redox regulators with antioxidant properties related to active mediators, cellular organelles, and the surrounding environments are all connected within a network and are involved in diseases related to redox imbalance including cancer, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurodegenerative diseases, as well as normal aging. In this review, we will briefly look at the selected aspects of oxidative thiol modification in antioxidant enzymes and thiol oxidation in proteins affected by redox control of antioxidant enzymes and their relation to disease. [BMB Reports 2015; 48(4): 200-208]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Young Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, Medical Research Center for Biomineralization Disorders, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, Korea
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47
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1,3-Dinitrobenzene neurotoxicity - Passage effect in immortalized astrocytes. Neurotoxicology 2016; 53:74-84. [PMID: 26769196 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Age-related disturbances in astrocytic mitochondrial function are linked to loss of neuroprotection and decrements in neurological function. The immortalized rat neocortical astrocyte-derived cell line, DI-TNC1, provides a convenient model for the examination of cellular aging processes that are difficult to study in primary cell isolates from aged brain. Successive passages in culture may serve as a surrogate of aging in which time-dependent adaptation to culture conditions may result in altered responses to xenobiotic challenge. To investigate the hypothesis that astrocytic mitochondrial homeostatic function is decreased with time in culture, low passage DI-TNC1 astrocytes (LP; #2-8) and high passage DI-TNC1 astrocytes (HP; #17-28) were exposed to the mitochondrial neurotoxicant 1,3-dinitrobenzene (DNB). Cells were exposed in either monoculture or in co-culture with primary cortical neurons. Astrocyte mitochondrial membrane potential, morphology, ATP production and proliferation were monitored in monoculture, and the ability of DI-TNC1 cells to buffer K(+)-induced neuronal depolarization was examined in co-cultures. In HP DI-TNC1 cells, DNB exposure decreased proliferation, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and significantly decreased mitochondrial form factor. Low passage DI-TNC1 cells effectively attenuated K(+)-induced neuronal depolarization in the presence of DNB whereas HP counterparts were unable to buffer K(+) in DNB challenge. Following DNB challenge, LP DI-TNC1 cells exhibited greater viability in co-culture than HP. The data provide compelling evidence that there is an abrupt phenotypic change in DI-TNC1 cells between passage #9-16 that significantly diminishes the ability of DI-TNC1 cells to compensate for neurotoxic challenge and provide neuroprotective spatial buffering. Whether or not these functional changes have an in vivo analog in aging brain remains to be determined.
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48
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Neuroprotection as a Potential Therapeutic Perspective in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Focus on Antiepileptic Drugs. Neurochem Res 2015; 41:340-52. [PMID: 26721507 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-015-1809-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroprotection is conceived as one of the potential tool to prevent or slow neuronal death and hence a therapeutic hope to treat neurodegenerative diseases, like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases. Increase of oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, inflammatory changes, iron accumulation, and protein aggregation have been identified as main causes of neuronal death and adopted as targets to test experimentally the putative neuroprotective effects of various classes of drugs. Among these agents, antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), both the old and the newer generations, have shown to exert protective effects in different experimental models. Their mechanism of action is mediated mainly by modulating the activity of sodium, calcium and potassium channels as well as the glutamatergic and GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid) synapses. Neurological pathologies in which a neuroprotective action of AEDs has been demonstrated in specific experimental models include: cerebral ischemia, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease. Although the whole of experimental data indicating that neuroprotection can be achieved is remarkable and encouraging, no firm data have been produced in humans so far and, at the present time, neuroprotection still remains a challenge for the future.
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Keeney JT, Butterfield DA. Vitamin D deficiency and Alzheimer disease: Common links. Neurobiol Dis 2015; 84:84-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2015.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2015] [Revised: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Kubik LL, Philbert MA. The role of astrocyte mitochondria in differential regional susceptibility to environmental neurotoxicants: tools for understanding neurodegeneration. Toxicol Sci 2015; 144:7-16. [PMID: 25740792 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfu254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a significant expansion in our understanding of the role of astrocytes in neuroprotection, including spatial buffering of extracellular ions, secretion of metabolic coenzymes, and synaptic regulation. Astrocytic neuroprotective functions require energy, and therefore require a network of functional mitochondria. Disturbances to astrocytic mitochondrial homeostasis and their ability to produce ATP can negatively impact neural function. Perturbations in astrocyte mitochondrial function may accrue as the result of physiological aging processes or as a consequence of neurotoxicant exposure. Hydrophobic environmental neurotoxicants, such as 1,3-dinitrobenzene and α-chlorohydrin, cause regionally specific spongiform lesions mimicking energy deprivation syndromes. Astrocyte involvement includes mitochondrial damage that either precedes or is accompanied by neuronal damage. Similarly, environmental neurotoxicants that are implicated in the etiology of age-related neurodegenerative conditions cause regionally specific damage in the brain. Based on the regioselective nature of age-related neurodegenerative lesions, chemically induced models of regioselective lesions targeting astrocyte mitochondria can provide insight into age-related susceptibilities in astrocyte mitochondria. Most of the available research to date focuses on neuronal damage in cases of age-related neurodegeneration; however, there is a body of evidence that supports a central mechanistic role for astrocyte mitochondria in the expression of neural injury. Regional susceptibility to neuronal damage induced by aging by exposure to neurotoxicants may be a reflection of highly variable regional energy requirements. This review identifies region-specific vulnerabilities in astrocyte mitochondria in examples of exposure to neurotoxicants and in age-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura L Kubik
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Martin A Philbert
- Toxicology Program, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
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