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Wei Y, Lv J, Zhu S, Wang S, Su J, Xu C. Enzyme-responsive liposomes for controlled drug release. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:104014. [PMID: 38705509 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Compared to other nanovectors, liposomes exhibit unique advantages, such as good biosafety and high drug-loading capacity. However, slow drug release from conventional liposomes makes most payloads unavailable, restricting the therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, in the last ∼20 years, enzyme-responsive liposomes have been extensively investigated, which liberate drugs under the stimulation of enzymes overexpressed at disease sites. In this review, we elaborate on the research progress on enzyme-responsive liposomes. The involved enzymes mainly include phospholipases, particularly phospholipase A2, matrix metalloproteinases, cathepsins, and esterases. These enzymes can cleave ester bonds or specific peptide sequences incorporated in the liposomes for controlled drug release by disrupting the primary structure of liposomes, detaching protective polyethylene glycol shells, or activating liposome-associated prodrugs. Despite decades of efforts, there are still a lack marketed products of enzyme-responsive liposomes. Therefore, more efforts should be made to improve the safety and effectiveness of enzyme-responsive liposomes and address the issues associated with production scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wei
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China.
| | - Jiajing Lv
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Shiyu Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Sicheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai 200941, China.
| | - Jiacan Su
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Organoid Research Center, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; Department of Orthopedics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai 200433, China.
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2
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Soto-Arriaza M, Cena Ahumada E, Bonardd S, Melendez J. Calcein release from DPPC liposomes by phospholipase A2 activity: Effect of cholesterol and amphipathic copolymers. J Liposome Res 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38850012 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2024.2361610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of incorporating diblock and triblock amphiphilic copolymers, as well as cholesterol into DPPC liposomes on the release of a model molecule, calcein, mediated by exogenous phospholipase A2 activity. Our findings show that calcein release slows down in the presence of copolymers at low concentration, while at high concentration, the calcein release profile resembles that of the DPPC control. Additionally, calcein release mediated by exogenous PLA2 decreases as the amount of solubilized cholesterol increases, with a maximum between 18 mol% and 20 mol%. At concentrations higher than 24 mol%, no calcein release was observed. Studies conducted on HEK-293 and HeLa cells revealed that DPPC liposomes reduced viability by only 5% and 12%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation, while DPPC liposome in presence of 33 mol% of Cholesterol reduced viability by approximately 11% and 23%, respectively, during the same incubation period. For formulations containing copolymers at low and high concentrations, cell viability decreased by approximately 20% and 40%, respectively, after 3 hours of incubation. Based on these preliminary results, we can conclude that the presence of amphiphilic copolymers at low concentration can be used in the design of new DPPC liposomes, and together with cholesterol, they can modulate liposome stabilization. The new formulations showed low cytotoxicity in HEK-293 cells, and it was observed that calcein release depended entirely on PLA2 activity and the presence of calcium ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Soto-Arriaza
- Escuela de Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eduardo Cena Ahumada
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Sebastián Bonardd
- Centro de Física de Materiales (CSIC, UPV/EHU)-Materials Physics Center (MPC), Donostia-San Sebastían, Spain
- Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials: Physics, Chemistry and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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3
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Xie J, Pink DL, Jayne Lawrence M, Lorenz CD. Digestion of lipid micelles leads to increased membrane permeability. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:2642-2653. [PMID: 38229565 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Lipid-based drug carriers are an attractive option to solubilise poorly water soluble therapeutics. Previously, we reported that the digestion of a short tail PC lipid (2C6PC) by the PLA2 enzyme has a significant effect on the structure and stability of the micelles it forms. Here, we studied the interactions of micelles of varying composition representing various degrees of digestion with a model ordered (70 mol% DPPC & 30 mol% cholesterol) and disordered (100% DOPC) lipid membrane. Micelles of all compositions disassociated when interacting with the two different membranes. As the percentage of digestion products (C6FA and C6LYSO) in the micelle increased, the disassociation occurred more rapidly. The C6FA inserts preferentially into both membranes. We find that all micelle components increase the area per lipid, increase the disorder and decrease the thickness of the membranes, and the 2C6PC lipid molecules have the most significant impact. Additionally, there is an increase in permeation of water into the membrane that accompanies the insertion of C6FA into the DOPC membranes. We show that the natural digestion of lipid micelles result in molecular species that can enhance the permeability of lipid membranes that in turn result in an enhanced delivery of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xie
- Biological & Soft Matter Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Demi L Pink
- Biological & Soft Matter Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - M Jayne Lawrence
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, UK
| | - Christian D Lorenz
- Biological & Soft Matter Research Group, Department of Physics, Faculty of Natural, Mathematical & Engineering Sciences, King's College London, London, UK.
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4
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Alberti D, Thiaudiere E, Parzy E, Elkhanoufi S, Rakhshan S, Stefania R, Massot P, Mellet P, Aime S, Geninatti Crich S. 4-Amino-TEMPO loaded liposomes as sensitive EPR and OMRI probes for the detection of phospholipase A2 activity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13725. [PMID: 37608036 PMCID: PMC10444830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40857-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims at developing a diagnostic method based on Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) measurements of stable nitroxide radicals released from "EPR silent" liposomes. The liposome destabilisation and consequent radical release is enzymatically triggered by the action of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) present in the biological sample of interest. PLA2 are involved in a broad range of processes, and changes in their activity may be considered as a unique valuable biomarker for early diagnoses. The minimum amount of PLA2 measured "in vitro" was 0.09 U/mL. Moreover, the liposomes were successfully used to perform Overhauser-enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging (OMRI) in vitro at 0.2 T. The amount of radicals released by PLA2 driven liposome destabilization was sufficient to generate a well detectable contrast enhancement in the corresponding OMRI image.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Alberti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Eric Thiaudiere
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Elodie Parzy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Sabrina Elkhanoufi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Sahar Rakhshan
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Rachele Stefania
- Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Eastern Piedmont "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria, Italy
| | - Philippe Massot
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Mellet
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, CRMSB, UMR 5536, 33000, Bordeaux, France
- INSERM, Bordeaux, France
| | - Silvio Aime
- IRCCS SDN SYNLAB, Via Gianturco 113, Naples, Italy
| | - Simonetta Geninatti Crich
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Via Nizza 52, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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5
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Somanath PR, Chernoff J, Cummings BS, Prasad SM, Homan HD. Targeting P21-Activated Kinase-1 for Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082236. [PMID: 37190165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) has limited therapeutic options and a high mortality rate. The p21-activated kinase (PAK) family of proteins is important in cell survival, proliferation, and motility in physiology, and pathologies such as infectious, inflammatory, vascular, and neurological diseases as well as cancers. Group-I PAKs (PAK1, PAK2, and PAK3) are involved in the regulation of actin dynamics and thus are integral for cell morphology, adhesion to the extracellular matrix, and cell motility. They also play prominent roles in cell survival and proliferation. These properties make group-I PAKs a potentially important target for cancer therapy. In contrast to normal prostate and prostatic epithelial cells, group-I PAKs are highly expressed in mPCA and PCa tissue. Importantly, the expression of group-I PAKs is proportional to the Gleason score of the patients. While several compounds have been identified that target group-I PAKs and these are active in cells and mice, and while some inhibitors have entered human trials, as of yet, none have been FDA-approved. Probable reasons for this lack of translation include issues related to selectivity, specificity, stability, and efficacy resulting in side effects and/or lack of efficacy. In the current review, we describe the pathophysiology and current treatment guidelines of PCa, present group-I PAKs as a potential druggable target to treat mPCa patients, and discuss the various ATP-competitive and allosteric inhibitors of PAKs. We also discuss the development and testing of a nanotechnology-based therapeutic formulation of group-I PAK inhibitors and its significant potential advantages as a novel, selective, stable, and efficacious mPCa therapeutic over other PCa therapeutics in the pipeline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payaningal R Somanath
- Department of Clinical & Administrative Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- MetasTx LLC, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA
| | - Jonathan Chernoff
- MetasTx LLC, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Brian S Cummings
- MetasTx LLC, Basking Ridge, NJ 07920, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Sandip M Prasad
- Morristown Medical Center, Atlantic Health System, Morristown, NJ 07960, USA
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6
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Arias-Alpizar G, Papadopoulou P, Rios X, Pulagam KR, Moradi MA, Pattipeiluhu R, Bussmann J, Sommerdijk N, Llop J, Kros A, Campbell F. Phase-Separated Liposomes Hijack Endogenous Lipoprotein Transport and Metabolism Pathways to Target Subsets of Endothelial Cells In Vivo. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 12:e2202709. [PMID: 36565694 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202202709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasma lipid transport and metabolism are essential to ensure correct cellular function throughout the body. Dynamically regulated in time and space, the well-characterized mechanisms underpinning plasma lipid transport and metabolism offers an enticing, but as yet underexplored, rationale to design synthetic lipid nanoparticles with inherent cell/tissue selectivity. Herein, a systemically administered liposome formulation, composed of just two lipids, that is capable of hijacking a triglyceride lipase-mediated lipid transport pathway resulting in liposome recognition and uptake within specific endothelial cell subsets is described. In the absence of targeting ligands, liposome-lipase interactions are mediated by a unique, phase-separated ("parachute") liposome morphology. Within the embryonic zebrafish, selective liposome accumulation is observed at the developing blood-brain barrier. In mice, extensive liposome accumulation within the liver and spleen - which is reduced, but not eliminated, following small molecule lipase inhibition - supports a role for endothelial lipase but highlights these liposomes are also subject to significant "off-target" by reticuloendothelial system organs. Overall, these compositionally simplistic liposomes offer new insights into the discovery and design of lipid-based nanoparticles that can exploit endogenous lipid transport and metabolism pathways to achieve cell selective targeting in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Arias-Alpizar
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands.,Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Panagiota Papadopoulou
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Xabier Rios
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Krishna Reddy Pulagam
- CIC biomaGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), San Sebastián, 20014, Spain
| | - Mohammad-Amin Moradi
- Materials and Interface Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Roy Pattipeiluhu
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Bussmann
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands.,Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Nico Sommerdijk
- Department of Biochemistry, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands.,Electron Microscopy Centre, Radboudumc Technology Center Microscopy, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 28, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Llop
- Materials and Interface Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600, The Netherlands
| | - Alexander Kros
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
| | - Frederick Campbell
- Supramolecular and Biomaterials Chemistry, Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, Leiden, 2300, The Netherlands
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7
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Hypoxia-sensitive adjuvant loaded liposomes enhance the antimicrobial activity of azithromycin via phospholipase-triggered releasing for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms eradication. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121910. [PMID: 35710071 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Robust biofilms and the complex airway environment with thick sputum, local hypoxia and persistent inflammation induce the intractability of chronic pulmonary infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). Herein, we proposed a type of antibiotic-adjuvant liposomes (NANO@PS-LPs), co-incorporating azithromycin (AZI), adjuvant (2-nitroimidazole derivative, 6-NIH) and biofilm dispersant (nitric oxide donor, DETA NONOate). NANO@PS-LPs possessing negatively-charged surface and good hydrophilicity could easily penetrate through the sputum layer, then disassembled triggered by overexpressed phospholipase A2 (PLA2) in the microenvironment around biofilms. Nitric oxide produced by DETA NONOate promoted P. aeruginosa biofilms dispersal. 6-NIH was reduced to 2-aminomidazole derivative (6-AIH) under a hypoxic condition, and hence acted as an AZI adjuvant to enhance the antibacterial activity of AZI. It was found that NANO@PS-LPs could significantly eliminate mature P. aeruginosa biofilms, effectively kill dispersed bacteria, inhibit the metabolism of survivors and prevent P. aeruginosa adherence to airway epithelial cells, accordingly restrain recurrent infections. Additionally, NANO@PS-LPs performed a remarkable advantage in killing AZI-resistant P. aeruginosa and removing their biofilms. In summary, NANO@PS-LPs present a potential nano-strategy to treat stubborn pseudomonal pulmonary infections and overcome correlative drug resistance.
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8
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Annaji M, Poudel I, Boddu SHS, Arnold RD, Tiwari AK, Babu RJ. Resveratrol-loaded nanomedicines for cancer applications. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2021; 4:e1353. [PMID: 33655717 PMCID: PMC8222557 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.1353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resveratrol (3, 5, 4' -trihydroxystilbene), a natural polyphenol and phytoalexin, has drawn considerable attention in the past decade due to its wide variety of therapeutic activities such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, its poor water solubility, low chemical stability, and short biological half-life limit its clinical utility. RECENT FINDINGS Nanoparticles overcome the limitations associated with conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, such as limited availability of drugs to the tumor tissues, high systemic exposures, and consequent toxicity to healthy tissues. This review focuses on the physicochemical properties of resveratrol, the therapeutic potential of resveratrol nano-formulations, and the anticancer activity of resveratrol encapsulated nanoparticles on various malignancies such as skin, breast, prostate, colon, liver, ovarian, and lung cancers (focusing on both in vitro and in vivo studies). CONCLUSIONS Nanotechnology approaches have been extensively utilized to achieve higher solubility, improved oral bioavailability, enhanced stability, and controlled release of resveratrol. The resveratrol nanoparticles have markedly enhanced its anticancer activity both in vitro and in vivo, thus considering it as a potential strategy to fight various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjusha Annaji
- Department of Drug Discovery and DevelopmentAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Ishwor Poudel
- Department of Drug Discovery and DevelopmentAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Sai H. S. Boddu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health SciencesAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| | - Robert D. Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery and DevelopmentAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
| | - Amit K. Tiwari
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical SciencesUniversity of ToledoToledoOhioUSA
| | - R. Jayachandra Babu
- Department of Drug Discovery and DevelopmentAuburn UniversityAuburnAlabamaUSA
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Sang R, Stratton B, Engel A, Deng W. Liposome technologies towards colorectal cancer therapeutics. Acta Biomater 2021; 127:24-40. [PMID: 33812076 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.03.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common deadly cancer worldwide. After treatment with curative intent recurrence rates vary with staging 0-13% in Stage 1, 11-61% in S2 and 28-73% in Stage 3. The toxicity to healthy tissues from chemotherapy and radiotherapy and drug resistance severely affect the quality of life and cancer specific outcomes of CRC patients. To overcome some of these limitations, many efforts have been made to develop nanomaterial-based drug delivery systems. Among these nanocarriers, liposomes represented one of the most successful candidates in delivering targeted oncological treatment, improving safety profile and therapeutic efficacy of encapsulated drugs. In this review we will discuss liposome design with a particular focus on the targeting feature and triggering functions. We will also summarise the recent advances in liposomal delivery system for CRC treatment in both the preclinical and clinical studies. We will finally provide our perspectives on the liposome technology development for the future clinical translation. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Conventional treatments for colorectal cancer (CRC) severely affect the therapeutic effects for advanced patients. With the development of nanomedicines, liposomal delivery system appears to be one of the most promising nanocarriers for CRC treatment. In last three years several reviews in this area have been published focusing on the preclinical research and drug delivery function, which is a fairly narrow focus in the field of liposome technology for CRC therapy. Our review presented the most recent advances of the liposome technology (both clinical and preclinical applications) for CRC with strong potential for further clinical translation. We believe it will attract lots of attention from various audiences, including researchers, clinicians and the industry.
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10
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Stimulus-responsive liposomes for biomedical applications. Drug Discov Today 2021; 26:1794-1824. [PMID: 34058372 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2021.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are amphipathic lipidic supramolecular aggregates that are able to encapsulate and carry molecules of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic nature. They have been widely used as in vivo drug delivery systems for some time because they offer features such as synthetic flexibility, biodegradability, biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and negligible toxicity. In recent years, the chemical modification of liposomes has paved the way to the development of smart liposome-based drug delivery systems, which are characterized by even more tunable and disease-directed features. In this review, we highlight the different types of chemical modification introduced to date, with a particular focus on internal stimuli-responsive liposomes and prodrug activation.
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11
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Refaat A, del Rosal B, Palasubramaniam J, Pietersz G, Wang X, Peter K, Moulton SE. Smart Delivery of Plasminogen Activators for Efficient Thrombolysis; Recent Trends and Future Perspectives. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.202100047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Refaat
- Department of Telecommunications, Electrical, Robotics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology John St Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Pharmaceutics Department Faculty of Pharmacy ‐ Alexandria University 1 El‐Khartoum Square Azarita Alexandria 21521 Egypt
| | - Blanca del Rosal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics School of Science RMIT University 124 La Trobe St Melbourne VIC 3000 Australia
| | - Jathushan Palasubramaniam
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine Monash University 27 Rainforest Walk Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
- Department of Cardiology Alfred Hospital 55 Commercial Rd Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Geoffrey Pietersz
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Burnet Institute 85 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Molecular Imaging and Theranostics Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine Monash University 27 Rainforest Walk Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Karlheinz Peter
- Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute 75 Commercial Road Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Department of Medicine Monash University 27 Rainforest Walk Melbourne VIC 3800 Australia
- Department of Cardiology Alfred Hospital 55 Commercial Rd Melbourne VIC 3004 Australia
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC 3010 Australia
| | - Simon E. Moulton
- Department of Telecommunications, Electrical, Robotics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology Swinburne University of Technology John St Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science Swinburne University of Technology John St Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia
- Aikenhead Centre for Medical Discovery (ACMD) St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne VIC 3065 Australia
- Iverson Health Innovation Research Institute Swinburne University of Technology John St Melbourne VIC 3122 Australia
- Australian Institute for Innovative Materials, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2500 Australia
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12
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Irshad S, Siddiqui B, ur.Rehman A, Farooq RK, Ahmed N. Recent trends and development in targeted delivery of therapeutics through enzyme responsive intelligent nanoplatform. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1848829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sundus Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Bazla Siddiqui
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asim. ur.Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rai Khalid Farooq
- Department of Neuroscience Research, Institute of Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naveed Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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13
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Liposomes Targeting P21 Activated Kinase-1 (PAK-1) and Selective for Secretory Phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2) Decrease Cell Viability and Induce Apoptosis in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249396. [PMID: 33321758 PMCID: PMC7764208 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
P21 activated kinases (or group I PAKs) are serine/threonine kinases whose expression is altered in prostate and breast cancers. PAK-1 activity is inhibited by the small molecule "Inhibitor targeting PAK-1 activation-3" (IPA-3), which has selectivity for PAK-1 but is metabolically unstable. Secretory Group IIA phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) expression correlates to increased metastasis and decreased survival in many cancers. We previously designed novel liposomal formulations targeting both PAK-1 and sPLA2, called Secretory Phospholipase Responsive liposomes or SPRL-IPA-3, and demonstrated their ability to alter prostate cancer growth. The efficacy of SPRL against other types of cancers is not well understood. We addressed this limitation by determining the ability of SPRL to induce cell death in a diverse panel of cells representing different stages of breast cancer, including the invasive but non-metastatic MCF-7 cells, and metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells such as MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-435. We investigated the role of sPLA2 in the disposition of these liposomes by comparing the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 to IPA-3 encapsulated in sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL-IPA-3), a formulation shown to be less sensitive to sPLA2. Both SSL-IPA-3 and SPRL-IPA-3 induced time- and dose-dependent decreases in MTT staining in all cell lines tested, but SPRL-IPA-3-induced effects in metastatic TNBC cell lines were superior over SSL-IPA-3. The reduction in MTT staining induced by SPRL-IPA-3 correlated to the expression of Group IIA sPLA2. sPLA2 expression also correlated to increased induction of apoptosis in TNBC cell lines by SPRL-IPA-3. These data suggest that SPRL-IPA-3 is selective for metastatic TNBC cells and that the efficacy of SPRL-IPA-3 is mediated, in part, by the expression of Group IIA sPLA2.
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Wang J, Pang X, Wang Z, Liu G. Sonoactivated Nanoantimicrobials: A Potent Armament in the Postantibiotic Era. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7255-7264. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Xin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518033, China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
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Verma A, Najahi-Missaoui W, Cummings BS, Somanath PR. Sterically stabilized liposomes targeting P21 (RAC1) activated kinase-1 and secreted phospholipase A 2 suppress prostate cancer growth and metastasis. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:179. [PMID: 32934746 PMCID: PMC7471734 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has a very high mortality rate in men, in Western countries and lacks reliable treatment. The advanced-stage PCa cells overexpress P21 (RAC1) activated kinase-1 (PAK1) and secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) suggesting the potential utility of pharmacologically targeting these molecules to treat metastatic PCa. The small molecule, inhibitor targeting PAK1 activation-3 (IPA3) is a highly specific allosteric inhibitor of PAK1; however, it is metabolically unstable once in the plasma thus, limiting its utility as a chemotherapeutic agent. In the present study, the efficacy and specificity of IPA3 were combined with the stability and the sPLA2-targeted delivery method of two sterically stabilized liposomes [sterically stabilized long-circulating liposomes (SSL)-IPA3 and sPLA2 responsive liposomes (SPRL)-IPA3, respectively] to inhibit PCa growth and metastasis. It was found that twice-a-week administration of either SSL-IPA3 or SPRL-IPA3 for 3 weeks effectively suppressed the growth of PC-3 cell tumor xenografts implanted in athymic nude mice. Both drug formulations also inhibited the metastasis of intravenously administered murine RM1 PCa cells to the lungs of C57BL/6 mice. Whereas the twice-a-week administration of SSL-IPA3 significantly inhibited the spontaneous PCa metastasis to the lungs in Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate mice, the administration of free IPA3 had no significant therapeutic benefit. The results present two novel IPA3 encapsulated liposomes to treat metastatic PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Verma
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
| | - Wided Najahi-Missaoui
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Brian S. Cummings
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology Program, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30602, USA
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, GA 30904, USA
- Department of Medicine and Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30602, USA
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Bhattacharjee S, Brayden DJ. Addressing the challenges to increase the efficiency of translating nanomedicine formulations to patients. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2020; 16:235-254. [PMID: 33108229 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2021.1826434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nanotechnology is in a growth phase for drug delivery and medical imaging. Nanomaterials with unique properties present opportunities for encapsulation of therapeutics and imaging agents, along with conjugation to ligands for targeting. Favorable chemistry of nanomaterials can create formulations that address critical challenges for therapeutics, such as insolubility and a low capacity to cross the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and intestinal wall. AREAS COVERED The authors investigate challenges faced during translation of nanomedicines while suggesting reasons as to why some nanoformulations have under-performed in clinical trials. They assess physiological barriers such as the BBB and gut mucus that nanomedicines must overcome to deliver cargos. They also provide an overview with examples of how nanomedicines can be designed to improve localization and site-specific delivery (e.g., encapsulation, bioconjugation, and triggered-release). EXPERT OPINION There are examples where nanomedicines have demonstrated improved efficacy of payload in humans; however, most of the advantages conferred were in improved pharmacokinetics and reduced toxicity. Problematic data show susceptibility of nanoformulations against natural protective mechanisms present in the body, including distribution impediment by physiological barriers and activation of the reticuloendothelial system. Further initiatives should address current challenges while expanding the scope of nanomedicine into advanced biomedical imaging and antibiotic delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Bhattacharjee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J Brayden
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin (UCD), Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Hassanpour S, Kim HJ, Saadati A, Tebon P, Xue C, van den Dolder FW, Thakor J, Baradaran B, Mosafer J, Baghbanzadeh A, de Barros NR, Hashemzaei M, Lee KJ, Lee J, Zhang S, Sun W, Cho HJ, Ahadian S, Ashammakhi N, Dokmeci MR, Mokhtarzadeh A, Khademhosseini A. Thrombolytic Agents: Nanocarriers in Controlled Release. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2001647. [PMID: 32790000 PMCID: PMC7702193 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202001647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Thrombosis is a life-threatening pathological condition in which blood clots form in blood vessels, obstructing or interfering with blood flow. Thrombolytic agents (TAs) are enzymes that can catalyze the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin to dissolve blood clots. The plasmin formed by TAs breaks down fibrin clots into soluble fibrin that finally dissolves thrombi. Several TAs have been developed to treat various thromboembolic diseases, such as pulmonary embolisms, acute myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and extensive coronary emboli. However, systemic TA administration can trigger non-specific activation that can increase the incidence of bleeding. Moreover, protein-based TAs are rapidly inactivated upon injection resulting in the need for large doses. To overcome these limitations, various types of nanocarriers have been introduced that enhance the pharmacokinetic effects by protecting the TA from the biological environment and targeting the release into coagulation. The nanocarriers show increasing half-life, reducing side effects, and improving overall TA efficacy. In this work, the recent advances in various types of TAs and nanocarriers are thoroughly reviewed. Various types of nanocarriers, including lipid-based, polymer-based, and metal-based nanoparticles are described, for the targeted delivery of TAs. This work also provides insights into issues related to the future of TA development and successful clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soodabeh Hassanpour
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 12, Olomouc, 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Han-Jun Kim
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Arezoo Saadati
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516614731, Iran
| | - Peyton Tebon
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Chengbin Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Floor W van den Dolder
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Division Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, GA, 3508, The Netherlands
- Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, CT, 3584, The Netherlands
| | - Jai Thakor
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516614731, Iran
| | - Jafar Mosafer
- Research Center of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences, Torbat Heydariyeh, 9519633787, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516614731, Iran
| | - Natan Roberto de Barros
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mahmoud Hashemzaei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, 9861618335, Iran
| | - Kang Ju Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Junmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Shiming Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Wujin Sun
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Hyun-Jong Cho
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Samad Ahadian
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Nureddin Ashammakhi
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiology and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Mehmet R Dokmeci
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiology and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, 516614731, Iran
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Department of Bioengineering, Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C-MIT) and California NanoSystems Institute University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Radiology and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of California - Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Lou J, Best MD. Strategies for altering lipid self-assembly to trigger liposome cargo release. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 232:104966. [PMID: 32888913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
While liposomes have proven to be effective drug delivery nanocarriers, their therapeutic attributes could be improved through the development of clinically viable triggered release strategies in which encapsulated drug contents could be selectively released at the sites of diseased cells. As such, a significant amount of research has been reported involving the development of stimuli-responsive liposomes and a broad range of strategies have been explored for driving content release. These have included the introduction of trigger groups at either the lipid headgroup or within the acyl chains that alter lipid self-assembly properties of known lipids as well as the rational design of lipid analogs programed to undergo conformational changes induced by events such as binding interactions. This review article describes advances in the design of stimuli-responsive liposome strategies with an eye towards emerging trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Lou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA
| | - Michael D Best
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, 1420 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN, 37996, USA.
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Zhang P, Pham T, Liu C, Leon Plata P, Kalkowski J, Cheng G, Bu W, Lin B, Liu Y. Impeded Molecular Reorganization by Polyethylene Glycol Conjugation Revealed by X-ray Reflectivity and Diffraction Measurements. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:7573-7581. [PMID: 32501715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) coatings have been widely applied in pharmaceutical and biomedical systems to prevent nonspecific protein absorption, increase vesicle blood circulation time, and sustain drug release. This study systematically investigated the planar interfacial organization of phospholipid monolayers containing various amounts of PEG conjugations before and after enzyme-catalyzed degradation of the lipids using X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction techniques. Results showed that attaching PEG to the headgroup of the lipids up to 15 mol % had limited effects on molecular packing of the lipid monolayers in the condensed phase at the gas-liquid interface and negligible effects on the enzyme adsorption to the interface. After enzyme-catalyzed degradation, equimolar fatty acids and lyso PC were generated. The fatty acids together with the subphase Ca2+ self-assembled into highly organized multilayer domains at the interface. The X-ray measurements unambiguously revealed that the densely packed PEG markedly hindered microphase separation and formation of the palmitic acid-Ca2+ complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Tiep Pham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Paola Leon Plata
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Joseph Kalkowski
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
| | - Wei Bu
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Binhua Lin
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60608, United States
- Richard & Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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20
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Hermal F, Frisch B, Specht A, Bourel-Bonnet L, Heurtault B. Development and characterization of layer-by-layer coated liposomes with poly(L-lysine) and poly(L-glutamic acid) to increase their resistance in biological media. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119568. [PMID: 32592900 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Multilayered coated liposomes were prepared using the layer-by-layer (LbL) technique in an effort to improve their stability in biological media. The formulation strategy was based on the alternate deposition of two biocompatible and biodegradable polyelectrolytes - poly(L-lysine) (PLL) and poly(L-glutamic acid) (PGA) - on negatively charged small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs). Some parameters of the formulation process were optimized such as the polyelectrolyte concentration and the purification procedure. This optimized procedure has allowed the development of very homogeneous formulations of liposomes coated with up to 6 layers of polymers (so-called layersomes). The coating was characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential measurements and Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two fluorescently labeled polyelectrolytes. Studies on the stability of the formulations at 4 °C in a buffered solution have shown that most structures are stable over 1 month without impacting their encapsulation capacity. In addition, fluorophore release experiments have demonstrated a better resistance of the layersomes in the presence of a non-ionic detergent (Triton™ X-100) as well as in the presence of phospholipase A2 and human plasma. In conclusion, new multilayered liposomes have been developed to increase the stability of conventional liposomes in biological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Hermal
- 3BIO Team, UMR 7199, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Benoît Frisch
- 3BIO Team, UMR 7199, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Alexandre Specht
- CNM Team, UMR 7199, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France
| | - Line Bourel-Bonnet
- 3BIO Team, UMR 7199, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France.
| | - Béatrice Heurtault
- 3BIO Team, UMR 7199, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch Cedex, France.
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Hindley JW, Law RV, Ces O. Membrane functionalization in artificial cell engineering. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2357-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBottom-up synthetic biology aims to construct mimics of cellular structure and behaviour known as artificial cells from a small number of molecular components. The development of this nascent field has coupled new insights in molecular biology with large translational potential for application in fields such as drug delivery and biosensing. Multiple approaches have been applied to create cell mimics, with many efforts focusing on phospholipid-based systems. This mini-review focuses on different approaches to incorporating molecular motifs as tools for lipid membrane functionalization in artificial cell construction. Such motifs range from synthetic chemical functional groups to components from extant biology that can be arranged in a ‘plug-and-play’ approach which is hard to replicate in living systems. Rationally designed artificial cells possess the promise of complex biomimetic behaviour from minimal, highly engineered chemical networks.
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Najahi‐Missaoui W, Quach ND, Jenkins A, Dabke I, Somanath PR, Cummings BS. Effect of P21-activated kinase 1 (PAK-1) inhibition on cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2019; 7:e00518. [PMID: 31516713 PMCID: PMC6728842 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
P21-activated kinase-1 (PAK-1) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in multiple signaling pathways that mediate cellular functions such as cytoskeletal motility, cell proliferation, and survival. PAK-1 expression is altered in various cancers, including prostate and breast. Our recent studies showed that prostate cancer cells expressing higher levels of PAK-1 were resistant to the cytotoxic effects of the PAK-1 inhibitor, inhibitor targeting PAK-1 activation-3 (IPA-3), compared to those with lower expression. This study expanded these findings to other cancers (breast and melanoma) by testing the hypothesis that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of PAK-1 alters cell growth, migration, and invasion in prostate, breast, and skin cancer cell lines. We also tested the specificity of IPA-3 for PAK-1 and the hypothesis that gene silencing of PAK-1 altered the efficacy of sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) containing IPA-3 (SSL-IPA-3). PAK-1 expression was identified in four different breast cancer cell lines, and in a melanoma cell line. The expression of PAK-1 correlated to the IC50 of IPA-3 as measured by MTT staining. PAK-1 inhibition using shRNA correlated with decreased cell migration and invasion in prostate cancer DU-145 and breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Decreased migration and invasion also correlated to decreased expression of E-cadherin and alterations in C-X-C Chemokine Receptor type 4 and Homing Cell Adhesion Molecule expression. PAK-1 inhibition increased the cytotoxicity of IPA-3, and the cytotoxicity of SSL-IPA-3 to levels comparable to that of free drug. These data demonstrate that both pharmacological and molecular inhibition of PAK-1 decreased growth in prostate, breast, and melanoma cancer cell lines, and increased the toxicity of IPA-3 and its liposomal formulation. These data also show the specificity of IPA-3 for PAK-1, are some of the first data suggesting that IPA-3 is a therapeutic treatment for breast cancer and melanoma, and demonstrate the efficacy of liposome-encapsulated IPA-3 in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wided Najahi‐Missaoui
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
| | - Nhat D. Quach
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Present address:
Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology, & BiotechnologyBrown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA
| | - Amber Jenkins
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Present address:
Cancer Center of Middle GeorgiaDublinGAUSA
| | - Isha Dabke
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Present address:
Medical College of GeorgiaAugustaGAUSA
| | - Payaningal R. Somanath
- Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of PharmacyUniversity of Georgia and Charlie Norwood VA Medical CenterAugustaGAUSA
- Department of Medicine, Vascular Biology Center and Cancer CenterGeorgia Regents UniversityAugustaGAUSA
| | - Brian S. Cummings
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of PharmacyUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
- Interdisciplinary Toxicology ProgramUniversity of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA
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Moosavian SA, Bianconi V, Pirro M, Sahebkar A. Challenges and pitfalls in the development of liposomal delivery systems for cancer therapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 69:337-348. [PMID: 31585213 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite considerable advances in the application of liposomal drug delivery systems in cancer treatment, the clinical application of liposomal formulations has been limited by many factors. It seems that there is a wide gap between results of experimental studies and clinical application of liposomes. In this review, we discuss barriers which limit the translation of liposomal delivery systems in cancer therapy. The main focus of this review will be on differences between preclinical and clinical studies and potential approaches to overcome the main pitfalls in the clinical application of liposomal delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Alia Moosavian
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Vanessa Bianconi
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Pirro
- Unit of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Arteriosclerosis Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Girish A, Hickman DA, Banerjee A, Luc N, Ma Y, Miyazawa K, Sekhon UDS, Sun M, Huang S, Sen Gupta A. Trauma-targeted delivery of tranexamic acid improves hemostasis and survival in rat liver hemorrhage model. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1632-1644. [PMID: 31220416 PMCID: PMC10124760 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trauma-associated hemorrhage and coagulopathy remain leading causes of mortality. Such coagulopathy often leads to a hyperfibrinolytic phenotype where hemostatic clots become unstable because of upregulated tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) activity. Tranexamic acid (TXA), a synthetic inhibitor of tPA, has emerged as a promising drug to mitigate fibrinolysis. TXA is US Food and Drug Administration-approved for treating heavy menstrual and postpartum bleeding, and has shown promise in trauma treatment. However, emerging reports also implicate TXA for off-target systemic coagulopathy, thromboembolic complications, and neuropathy. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that targeted delivery of TXA to traumatic injury site can enable its clot-stabilizing action site-selectively, to improve hemostasis and survival while avoiding off-target effects. To test this, we used liposomes as a model delivery vehicle, decorated their surface with a fibrinogen-mimetic peptide for anchorage to active platelets within trauma-associated clots, and encapsulated TXA within them. METHODS The TXA-loaded trauma-targeted nanovesicles (T-tNVs) were evaluated in vitro in rat blood, and then in vivo in a liver trauma model in rats. TXA-loaded control (untargeted) nanovesicles (TNVs), free TXA, or saline were studied as comparison groups. RESULTS Our studies show that in vitro, the T-tNVs could resist lysis in tPA-spiked rat blood. In vivo, T-tNVs maintained systemic safety, significantly reduced blood loss and improved survival in the rat liver hemorrhage model. Postmortem evaluation of excised tissue from euthanized rats confirmed systemic safety and trauma-targeted activity of the T-tNVs. CONCLUSION Overall, the studies establish the potential of targeted TXA delivery for safe injury site-selective enhancement and stabilization of hemostatic clots to improve survival in trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Girish
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - DaShawn A. Hickman
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ankush Banerjee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Norman Luc
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Yifeng Ma
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenji Miyazawa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Ujjal D. S. Sekhon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Stephanie Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Pang X, Xiao Q, Cheng Y, Ren E, Lian L, Zhang Y, Gao H, Wang X, Leung W, Chen X, Liu G, Xu C. Bacteria-Responsive Nanoliposomes as Smart Sonotheranostics for Multidrug Resistant Bacterial Infections. ACS NANO 2019; 13:2427-2438. [PMID: 30657302 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rapid emergence of multidrug resistant (MDR) "superbugs" poses a severe threat to global health. Notably, undeveloped diagnosis and concomitant treatment failure remain highly challenging. Herein, we report a sonotheranostic strategy to achieve bacteria-specific labeling and visualized sonodynamic therapy (SDT). Using maltohexaose-decorated cholesterol and bacteria-responsive lipid compositions, a smart nanoliposomes platform (MLP18) was developed for precise delivery of purpurin 18, a potent sonosensitizer proved in this study. Taking advantage of the bacteria-specific maltodextrin transport pathway, the prepared MLP18 can specifically target the bacterial infection site and accurately distinguish the foci from sterile inflammation or cancer with a highly selective fluorescence/photoacoustic signal on the bacteria-infected site of mice. Moreover, the bacteria-responsive feature of MLP18 activated an efficient release and internalization of high concentration sonosensitizer into bacterial cells, resulting in effective sonodynamic elimination of MDR bacteria. In situ MRI monitoring visualized such potent sonodynamic activity and indicated that MLP18-mediated SDT could successfully eradicate inflammation and abscess from mice with bacterial myositis. In view of the above advantages, the developed nanoliposomes may serve as a promising sonotheranostic platform against MDR bacteria in the areas of healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Pang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Qicai Xiao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Yi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - En Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Lanlan Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Haiyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Wingnang Leung
- Division of Chinese Medicine, School of Professional and Continuing Education , The University of Hong Kong , 999077 Pokfulam , Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (NIBIB) , National Institutes of Health (NIH) , Bethesda , Maryland 20892 , United States
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics & Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen 361102 , China
| | - Chuanshan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Fifth Affiliated Hospital , Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou 511436 , China
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Chen Z, Zheng Y, Shi Y, Cui Z. Overcoming tumor cell chemoresistance using nanoparticles: lysosomes are beneficial for (stearoyl) gemcitabine-incorporated solid lipid nanoparticles. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:319-336. [PMID: 29391792 PMCID: PMC5768424 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s149196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in targeted therapies and immunotherapies, chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents remains an indispensable modality in cancer treatment. Recently, there has been a growing emphasis in using nanomedicine in cancer chemotherapy, and several nanomedicines have already been used clinically to treat cancers. There is evidence that formulating small molecular cancer chemotherapeutic agents into nanomedicines significantly modifies their pharmacokinetics and often improves their efficacy. Importantly, cancer cells often develop resistance to chemotherapy, and formulating anticancer drugs into nanomedicines also helps overcome chemoresistance. In this review, we briefly describe the different classes of cancer chemotherapeutic agents, their mechanisms of action and resistance, and evidence of overcoming the resistance using nanomedicines. We then emphasize on gemcitabine and our experience in discovering the unique (stearoyl) gemcitabine solid lipid nanoparticles that are effective against tumor cells resistant to gemcitabine and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. It seems that lysosomes, which are an obstacle in the delivery of many drugs, are actually beneficial for our (stearoyl) gemcitabine solid lipid nanoparticles to overcome tumor cell resistance to gemcitabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Chen
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yuanqiang Zheng
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yanchun Shi
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhengrong Cui
- Inner Mongolia Key Lab of Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China.,Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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27
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Gontsarik M, Mohammadtaheri M, Yaghmur A, Salentinig S. pH-Triggered nanostructural transformations in antimicrobial peptide/oleic acid self-assemblies. Biomater Sci 2018; 6:803-812. [DOI: 10.1039/c7bm00929a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This study reports smart nanostructures based on oleic acid/peptide mixtures in water for the delivery of antimicrobial peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Gontsarik
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - Mahsa Mohammadtaheri
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences
- University of Copenhagen
- DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø
- Denmark
| | - Stefan Salentinig
- Laboratory for Biointerfaces
- Department Materials meet Life
- Empa Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology
- St Gallen
- Switzerland
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28
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Hayashi JY, Tamanoi F. Exploiting Enzyme Alterations in Cancer for Drug Activation, Drug Delivery, and Nanotherapy. Enzymes 2017; 42:153-172. [PMID: 29054269 DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2017.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alterations of enzyme activity or enzyme levels in cancer tissue have been documented over the years. Taking advantage of these observations, various strategies for drug activation and drug delivery have been developed. One example is a mechanism called "prodrugs" that generates active drugs by enzyme cleavage. Another example is enzyme-induced anticancer drug release mechanisms. This system is constructed by incorporating enzyme-sensitive linkages to materials such as hydrogels and nanodelivery vehicles, including liposomes, polymer micelles, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Various release mechanisms for anticancer drugs and siRNA have been developed. In addition, enzyme cleavage is utilized in nanodelivery vehicles that contain nanomachines. One example is nanovalve that can be opened by enzyme cleavage. Another example is enzyme-induced release of nanoparticles from multistage vehicles. Finally, colon-specific drug delivery by azoreductase cleavable mechanism is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Y Hayashi
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fuyuhiko Tamanoi
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Institute for Advanced Study, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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29
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Scomparin A, Florindo HF, Tiram G, Ferguson EL, Satchi-Fainaro R. Two-step polymer- and liposome-enzyme prodrug therapies for cancer: PDEPT and PELT concepts and future perspectives. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 118:52-64. [PMID: 28916497 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Polymer-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (PDEPT) and polymer enzyme liposome therapy (PELT) are two-step therapies developed to provide anticancer drugs site-selective intratumoral accumulation and release. Nanomedicines, such as polymer-drug conjugates and liposomal drugs, accumulate in the tumor site due to extravasation-dependent mechanism (enhanced permeability and retention - EPR - effect), and further need to cross the cellular membrane and release their payload in the intracellular compartment. The subsequent administration of a polymer-enzyme conjugate able to accumulate in the tumor tissue and to trigger the extracellular release of the active drug showed promising preclinical results. The development of polymer-enzyme, polymer-drug conjugates and liposomal drugs had undergone a vast advancement over the past decades. Several examples of enzyme mimics for in vivo therapy can be found in the literature. Moreover, polymer therapeutics often present an enzyme-sensitive mechanism of drug release. These nanomedicines can thus be optimal substrates for PDEPT and this review aims to provide new insights and stimuli toward the future perspectives of this promising combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Scomparin
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Helena F Florindo
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Galia Tiram
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Elaine L Ferguson
- Advanced Therapies Group, Oral and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, College of Biomedical and Life Sciences, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XY, UK
| | - Ronit Satchi-Fainaro
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler School of Medicine, Room 607, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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30
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Pawlowski CL, Li W, Sun M, Ravichandran K, Hickman D, Kos C, Kaur G, Sen Gupta A. Platelet microparticle-inspired clot-responsive nanomedicine for targeted fibrinolysis. Biomaterials 2017; 128:94-108. [PMID: 28314136 PMCID: PMC6526940 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Intravascular administration of plasminogen activators is a clinically important thrombolytic strategy to treat occlusive vascular conditions. A major issue with this strategy is the systemic off-target drug action, which affects hemostatic capabilities and causes substantial hemorrhagic risks. This issue can be potentially resolved by designing technologies that allow thrombus-targeted delivery and site-specific action of thrombolytic drugs. To this end, leveraging a liposomal platform, we have developed platelet microparticle (PMP)-inspired nanovesicles (PMINs), that can protect encapsulated thrombolytic drugs in circulation to prevent off-target uptake and action, anchor actively onto thrombus via PMP-relevant molecular mechanisms and allow drug release via thrombus-relevant enzymatic trigger. Specifically, the PMINs can anchor onto thrombus via heteromultivalent ligand-mediated binding to active platelet integrin GPIIb-IIIa and P-selectin, and release the thrombolytic payload due to vesicle destabilization triggered by clot-relevant enzyme phospholipase-A2. Here we report on the evaluation of clot-targeting efficacy, lipase-triggered drug release and resultant thrombolytic capability of the PMINs in vitro, and subsequently demonstrate that intravenous delivery of thrombolytic-loaded PMINs can render targeted fibrinolysis without affecting systemic hemostasis, in vivo, in a carotid artery thrombosis model in mice. Our studies establish significant promise of the PMIN technology for safe and site-targeted nanomedicine therapies in the vascular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa L Pawlowski
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Wei Li
- Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Michael Sun
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | | | - DaShawn Hickman
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Clarissa Kos
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Gurbani Kaur
- Hathaway Brown School, Shaker Heights, OH 44122, USA
| | - Anirban Sen Gupta
- Case Western Reserve University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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31
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Fouladi F, Steffen KJ, Mallik S. Enzyme-Responsive Liposomes for the Delivery of Anticancer Drugs. Bioconjug Chem 2017; 28:857-868. [PMID: 28201868 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.6b00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Liposomes are nanocarriers that deliver the payloads at the target site, leading to therapeutic drug concentrations at the diseased site and reduced toxic effects in healthy tissues. Several approaches have been used to enhance the ability of the nanocarrier to target the specific tissues, including ligand-targeted liposomes and stimuli-responsive liposomes. Ligand-targeted liposomes exhibit higher uptake by the target tissue due to the targeting ligand attached to the surface, while the stimuli-responsive liposomes do not release their cargo unless they expose to an endogenous or exogenous stimulant at the target site. In this review, we mainly focus on the liposomes that are responsive to pathologically increased levels of enzymes at the target site. Enzyme-responsive liposomes release their cargo upon contact with the enzyme through several destabilization mechanisms: (1) structural perturbation in the lipid bilayer, (2) removal of a shielding polymer from the surface and increased cellular uptake, (3) cleavage of a lipopeptide or lipopolymer incorporated in the bilayer, and (4) activation of a prodrug in the liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Fouladi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Kristine J Steffen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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32
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Yuan A, Huan W, Liu X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Wu J, Hu Y. NIR Light-Activated Drug Release for Synergetic Chemo–Photothermal Therapy. Mol Pharm 2016; 14:242-251. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahu Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Institute of Drug R&D, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu R&D Platform for Controlled & Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Wei Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Zhicheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Jinhui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Institute of Drug R&D, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu R&D Platform for Controlled & Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Institute of Drug R&D, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
- Jiangsu R&D Platform for Controlled & Targeted Drug Delivery, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
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Liu D, Yang F, Xiong F, Gu N. The Smart Drug Delivery System and Its Clinical Potential. Theranostics 2016; 6:1306-23. [PMID: 27375781 PMCID: PMC4924501 DOI: 10.7150/thno.14858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 529] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
With the unprecedented progresses of biomedical nanotechnology during the past few decades, conventional drug delivery systems (DDSs) have been involved into smart DDSs with stimuli-responsive characteristics. Benefiting from the response to specific internal or external triggers, those well-defined nanoplatforms can increase the drug targeting efficacy, in the meantime, reduce side effects/toxicities of payloads, which are key factors for improving patient compliance. In academic field, variety of smart DDSs have been abundantly demonstrated for various intriguing systems, such as stimuli-responsive polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, metals/metal oxides, and exosomes. However, these nanoplatforms are lack of standardized manufacturing method, toxicity assessment experience, and clear relevance between the pre-clinical and clinical studies, resulting in the huge difficulties to obtain regulatory and ethics approval. Therefore, such relatively complex stimulus-sensitive nano-DDSs are not currently approved for clinical use. In this review, we highlight the recent advances of smart nanoplatforms for targeting drug delivery. Furthermore, the clinical translation obstacles faced by these smart nanoplatforms have been reviewed and discussed. We also present the future directions and perspectives of stimuli-sensitive DDS in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | | | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biomedical Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
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Besenboeck C, Cvitic S, Lang U, Desoye G, Wadsack C. Going into labor and beyond: phospholipase A2 in pregnancy. Reproduction 2016; 151:R91-R102. [DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/30/2023]
Abstract
AbstractThe phospholipase A2(PLA2) family is a very diverse group of enzymes, all serving in the cleavage of phospholipids, thereby releasing high amounts of arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophospholipids. AA serves as a substrate for prostaglandin production, which is of special importance in pregnancy for the onset of parturition. Novel research demonstrates that PLA2action affects the immune response of the mother toward the child and is therefore probably implied in the tolerance of the fetus and prevention of miscarriage. This review presents data on the biochemical and enzymatic properties of PLA2during gestation with a special emphasis on its role for the placental function and development of the fetus. We also critically discuss the possible pathophysiological significance of PLA2alterations and its possible functional consequences. These alterations are often associated with pregnancy pathologies such as preeclampsia and villitis or pregnancy complications such as obesity and diabetes in the mother as well as preterm onset of labor.
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36
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Liposome-mediated delivery of the p21 activated kinase-1 (PAK-1) inhibitor IPA-3 limits prostate tumor growth in vivo. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1231-1239. [PMID: 26949163 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 12/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
P21 activated kinases-1 (PAK-1) is implicated in various diseases. It is inhibited by the small molecule 'inhibitor targeting PAK1 activation-3' (IPA-3), which is highly specific but metabolically unstable. To address this limitation we encapsulated IPA-3 in sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL). SSL-IPA-3 averaged 139nm in diameter, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.05, and a zeta potential of -28.1, neither of which changed over 14days; however, the PDI increased to 0.139. Analysis of liposomal IPA-3 levels demonstrated good stability, with 70% of IPA-3 remaining after 7days. SSL-IPA-3 inhibited prostate cancer cell growth in vitro with comparable efficacy to free IPA-3. Excitingly, only a 2day/week dose of SSL-IPA-3 was needed to inhibit the growth of prostate xenografts in vivo, while a similar dose of free IPA-3 was ineffective. These data demonstrate the development and clinical utility of a novel liposomal formulation for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Interaction kinetics of serum proteins with liposomes and their effect on phospholipase-induced liposomal drug release. Int J Pharm 2015; 495:827-39. [PMID: 26410758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We used surface plasmon resonance (SPR) to measure the affinity and kinetics of the interaction between serum proteins and both conventional and PEGylated liposomes. The effect of the interactions on secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2)-induced release of a model drug from liposomes was also assessed. SPR analysis of 12 serum proteins revealed that the mode of interaction between serum proteins and liposomes greatly varies depending on the type of protein. For example, albumin bound to liposomes at slower association/dissociation rates with higher affinity and prevented sPLA2-induced drug release from PEGylated liposomes. Conversely, fibronectin bound at faster association/dissociation rates with lower affinity and demonstrated little impact on the drug release. These results indicate that the effect of serum proteins on sPLA2 phospholipid hydrolysis varies with the mode of interaction between proteins and liposomes. Understanding how the proteins interact with liposomes and impact sPLA2 phospholipid hydrolysis should aid the rational design of therapeutic liposomal formulations.
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Arouri A, Trojnar J, Schmidt S, Hansen AH, Mollenhauer J, Mouritsen OG. Development of a cell-based bioassay for phospholipase A2-triggered liposomal drug release. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125508. [PMID: 25945937 PMCID: PMC4422686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The feasibility of exploiting secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) enzymes, which are overexpressed in tumors, to activate drug release from liposomes precisely at the tumor site has been demonstrated before. Although the efficacy of the developed formulations was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo models, the pattern of sPLA2-assisted drug release is unknown due to the lack of a suitable bio-relevant model. We report here on the development of a novel bioluminescence living-cell-based luciferase assay for the monitoring of sPLA2-triggered release of luciferin from liposomes. To this end, we engineered breast cancer cells to produce both luciferase and sPLA2 enzymes, where the latter is secreted to the extracellular medium. We report on setting up a robust and reproducible bioassay for testing sPLA2-sensitive, luciferin remote-loaded liposomal formulations, using 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylcholine/1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol (DSPC/DSPG) 7:3 and DSPC/DSPG/cholesterol 4:3:3 as initial test systems. Upon their addition to the cells, the liposomes were degraded almost instantaneously by sPLA2 releasing the encapsulated luciferin, which provided readout from the luciferase-expressing cells. Cholesterol enhanced the integrity of the formulation without affecting its susceptibility to sPLA2. PEGylation of the liposomes only moderately broadened the release profile of luciferin. The provided bioassay represents a useful tool for monitoring active drug release in situ in real time as well as for testing and optimizing of sPLA2-sensitive lipid formulations. In addition, the bioassay will pave the way for future in-depth in vitro and in vivo studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Arouri
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Jakub Trojnar
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steffen Schmidt
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Anders H. Hansen
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jan Mollenhauer
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Molecular Oncology Group, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Ole G. Mouritsen
- MEMPHYS-Center for Biomembrane Physics, Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Lundbeckfonden Center of Excellence NanoCAN, Institute for Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Thamphiwatana S, Gao W, Pornpattananangkul D, Zhang Q, Fu V, Li J, Li J, Obonyo M, Zhang L. Phospholipase A2-responsive antibiotic delivery via nanoparticle-stabilized liposomes for the treatment of bacterial infection. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:8201-8207. [PMID: 25544886 PMCID: PMC4276341 DOI: 10.1039/c4tb01110d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbing small charged nanoparticles onto liposome surfaces to stabilize them against fusion and payload leakage has resulted in a new class of liposomes capable of environment-responsive drug delivery. Herein, we engineered a liposome formulation with a lipid composition sensitive to bacterium-secreted phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and adsorbed chitosan-modified gold nanoparticles (AuChi) onto the liposome surface. The resulting AuChi-stabilized liposomes (AuChi-liposomes) showed prohibited fusion activity and negligible drug leakage. However, upon exposure to either purified PLA2 enzyme or PLA2 secreted by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria in culture, AuChi-liposomes rapidly released the encapsulated payloads and such responsive release was retarded by adding quinacrine dihydrochloride, a PLA2 inhibitor. When loaded with doxycycline, AuChi-liposomes effectively inhibited H. pylori growth. Overall, the AuChi-liposomes allowed for smart "on-demand" antibitoic delivery: the more enzymes or bacteria present at the infection site, the more drug will be released to treat the infection. Given the strong association of PLA2 with a diverse range of diseases, the present liposomal delivery technique holds broad application potential for tissue microenvironment-responsive drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soracha Thamphiwatana
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Weiwei Gao
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Dissaya Pornpattananangkul
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Qiangzhe Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Victoria Fu
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jiayang Li
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Jieming Li
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Marygorret Obonyo
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Liangfang Zhang
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Quach ND, Mock JN, Scholpa NE, Eggert MW, Payré C, Lambeau G, Arnold RD, Cummings BS. Role of the phospholipase A2 receptor in liposome drug delivery in prostate cancer cells. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:3443-51. [PMID: 25189995 PMCID: PMC4186678 DOI: 10.1021/mp500174p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R1) is a member of the C-type lectin superfamily and can internalize secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) via endocytosis in non-cancer cells. sPLA2 itself was recently shown to be overexpressed in prostate tumors and to be a possible mediator of metastasis; however, little is known about the expression of PLA2R1 or its function in prostate cancers. Thus, we examined PLA2R1 expression in primary prostate cells (PCS-440-010) and human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP, DU-145, and PC-3), and we determined the effect of PLA2R1 knockdown on cytotoxicity induced by free or liposome-encapsulated chemotherapeutics. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that the expression of PLA2R1 was higher in prostate cancer cells compared to that in primary prostate cells. Knockdown of PLA2R1 expression in PC-3 cells using shRNA increased cell proliferation and did not affect the toxicity of cisplatin, doxorubicin (Dox), and docetaxel. In contrast, PLA2R1 knockdown increased the in vitro toxicity of Dox encapsulated in sPLA2 responsive liposomes (SPRL) and correlated with increased Dox and SPRL uptake. Knockdown of PLA2R1 also increased the expression of Group IIA and X sPLA2. These data show the novel findings that PLA2R1 is expressed in prostate cancer cells, that PLA2R1 expression alters cell proliferation, and that PLA2R1 modulates the behavior of liposome-based nanoparticles. Furthermore, these studies suggest that PLA2R1 may represent a novel molecular target for controlling tumor growth or modulating delivery of lipid-based nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Quach
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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Pharmacokinetics, antitumor and cardioprotective effects of liposome-encapsulated phenylaminoethyl selenide in human prostate cancer rodent models. Pharm Res 2014; 32:852-62. [PMID: 25158648 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-014-1501-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cardiotoxicity associated with the use of doxorubicin (DOX), and other chemotherapeutics, limits their clinical potential. This study determined the pharmacokinetics and antitumor and cardioprotective activity of free and liposome encapsulated phenyl-2-aminoethyl-selenide (PAESe). METHODS The pharmacokinetics of free PAESe and PAESe encapsulated in liposomes (SSL-PAESe) were determined in rats using liquid chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry. The antitumor and cardioprotective effects were determined in a mouse xenograft model of human prostate (PC-3) cancer and cardiomyocytes (H9C2). RESULTS The encapsulation of PAESe in liposomes increased the circulation half-life and area under the drug concentration time profile, and decreased total systemic clearance significantly compared to free PAESe. Free- and SSL-PAESe improved survival, decreased weight-loss and prevented cardiac hypertrophy significantly in tumor bearing and healthy mice following treatment with DOX at 5 and 12.5 mg/kg. In vitro studies revealed PAESe treatment altered formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cardiac hypertrophy and gene expression, i.e., atrial natriuretic peptide and myosin heavy chain complex beta, in H9C2 cells. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with free and SSL-PAESe exhibited antitumor activity in a prostate xenograft model and mitigated DOX-mediated cardiotoxicity.
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Quach ND, Arnold RD, Cummings BS. Secretory phospholipase A2 enzymes as pharmacological targets for treatment of disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 90:338-48. [PMID: 24907600 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) cleave phospholipids preferentially at the sn-2 position, liberating free fatty acids and lysophospholipids. They are classified into six main groups based on size, location, function, substrate specificity and calcium requirement. These classes include secretory PLA2 (sPLA2), cytosolic (cPLA2), Ca(2+)-independent (iPLA2), platelet activating factor acetylhydrolases (PAF-AH), lysosomal PLA2 (LyPLA2) and adipose specific PLA2 (AdPLA2). It is hypothesized that PLA2 can serve as pharmacological targets for the therapeutic treatment of several diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis, immune disorders and cancer. Special emphasis has been placed on inhibitors of sPLA2 isoforms as pharmacological moieties, mostly due to the fact that these enzymes are activated during inflammatory events and because their expression is increased in several diseases. This review focuses on understanding how sPLA2 isoform expression is altered during disease progression and the possible therapeutic interventions to specifically target sPLA2 isoforms, including new approaches using nano-particulate-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhat D Quach
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States
| | - Robert D Arnold
- Department of Drug Discovery & Development, Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5503, United States
| | - Brian S Cummings
- Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, United States.
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Arouri A, Hansen AH, Rasmussen TE, Mouritsen OG. Lipases, liposomes and lipid-prodrugs. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2013.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mock JN, Costyn LJ, Wilding SL, Arnold RD, Cummings BS. Evidence for distinct mechanisms of uptake and antitumor activity of secretory phospholipase A2 responsive liposome in prostate cancer. Integr Biol (Camb) 2013; 5:172-82. [PMID: 22890797 DOI: 10.1039/c2ib20108a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Secretory phospholipase A(2) (sPLA(2)) cleave phospholipids at sn-2 ester bonds, releasing lysophospholipids and fatty acids, and are over expressed in several pathologies, including inflammation, arthritis, sepsis and breast and prostate cancers. Herein we evaluated the therapeutic activity of liposomes engineered to be responsive to different sPLA(2) isoforms compared to clinically used long-circulating (pegylated) sterically stabilized liposomes (SSL) in vitro and in vivo, and assessed differences in roles of sPLA(2) in the mechanism of uptake and delivery of these nanoparticles. Exposing sPLA(2) responsive liposomes (SPRL) to sPLA(2) increased the release of intraluminal entrapped contents in a time-dependent manner that was inhibited by the sPLA(2) inhibitor LY3117273. Treatment of prostate cancer cells with doxorubicin encapsulated in SSL and SPRL resulted in cytotoxicity in LNCaP, DU-145 and PC-3 cells lines comparable to free drug. Interestingly, cytotoxicity was not altered by sPLA(2) inhibition. Tracking of drug and liposome delivery using fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, we demonstrated that drug uptake was liposome-dependent, as encapsulation of doxorubicin in SPRL resulted in 1.5 to 2-fold greater intracellular drug levels compared to SSL. Liposome uptake was cell-dependent and did not correlate to doxorubicin uptake; however, doxorubicin uptake was generally greatest in PC-3 cells, followed by DU-145 cells and then LNCaP cells. In almost all cases, uptake of one of our formulations, SPRL-E, was greater than SSL. The therapeutic activity of SPRL in vivo was demonstrated using a mouse xenograft model of human prostate cancer, which showed that doxorubicin entrapped within SPRL decreased tumor growth compared to SSL, suggesting that SPRL are more effective at slowing tumor growth than a SSL formulation similar to the FDA approved DOXIL™. Collectively, these data show the therapeutic activity of SPRL compared to SSL, yield insights into the mechanisms of action of these nanoparticles and suggest that SPRL could be useful for treatment of other pathologies that over express sPLA(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- J N Mock
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, 336 College of Pharmacy South, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Loew M, Forsythe JC, McCarley RL. Lipid nature and their influence on opening of redox-active liposomes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:6615-23. [PMID: 23698020 PMCID: PMC3778659 DOI: 10.1021/la304340e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The pathway for content release from reduction-sensitive liposomes based on a quinone-dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine lipid conjugate (Q-DOPE) is outlined using results from fluorescent dye content release assays as well as single- and multiple-angle light scattering. Experimental observations are consistent with a shape/size change of the reduced liposomes prior to their aggregation, with subsequent near-quantitative content release achieved only when the lipid membrane experiences conditions favorable to a lamellar to an inverted hexagonal phase transition. Addition of poly(ethyleneglycol)-modified DOPE (PEG-DOPE) to the Q-DOPE liposomal formulation results in stabilization of the lipid bilayer, whereas incorporation of DOPE yields faster content release. At high DOPE concentrations, DOPE/PEG-DOPE/Q-DOPE liposomes exhibit larger content release, indicating a change in pathway for content release. The outcomes here provide a better understanding of the underlying principles of triggered liposomal content release and the potential utility of specific lipid properties for the rational design of drug delivery systems based on the novel Q-DOPE lipid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robin L. McCarley
- CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Telephone: (225) 578-3239. Facsimile: (225) 578-3458.
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Allen TM, Cullis PR. Liposomal drug delivery systems: from concept to clinical applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:36-48. [PMID: 23036225 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2012.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2905] [Impact Index Per Article: 264.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Revised: 09/10/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The first closed bilayer phospholipid systems, called liposomes, were described in 1965 and soon were proposed as drug delivery systems. The pioneering work of countless liposome researchers over almost 5 decades led to the development of important technical advances such as remote drug loading, extrusion for homogeneous size, long-circulating (PEGylated) liposomes, triggered release liposomes, liposomes containing nucleic acid polymers, ligand-targeted liposomes and liposomes containing combinations of drugs. These advances have led to numerous clinical trials in such diverse areas as the delivery of anti-cancer, anti-fungal and antibiotic drugs, the delivery of gene medicines, and the delivery of anesthetics and anti-inflammatory drugs. A number of liposomes (lipidic nanoparticles) are on the market, and many more are in the pipeline. Lipidic nanoparticles are the first nanomedicine delivery system to make the transition from concept to clinical application, and they are now an established technology platform with considerable clinical acceptance. We can look forward to many more clinical products in the future.
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Synergistic effects of secretory phospholipase A2 from the venom of Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus with cancer chemotherapeutic agents. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2012; 2013:565287. [PMID: 23509743 PMCID: PMC3591165 DOI: 10.1155/2013/565287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/15/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Healthy cells typically resist hydrolysis catalyzed by snake venom secretory phospholipase A2. However, during various forms of programmed cell death, they become vulnerable to attack by the enzyme. This observation raises the question of whether the specificity of the enzyme for dying cells could be used as a strategy to eliminate tumor cells that have been intoxicated but not directly killed by chemotherapeutic agents. This idea was tested with S49 lymphoma cells and a broad range of antineoplastic drugs: methotrexate, daunorubicin, actinomycin D, and paclitaxel. In each case, a substantial population of treated cells was still alive yet vulnerable to attack by the enzyme. Induction of cell death by these agents also perturbed the biophysical properties of the membrane as detected by merocyanine 540 and trimethylammonium-diphenylhexatriene. These results suggest that exposure of lymphoma cells to these drugs universally causes changes to the cell membrane that render it susceptible to enzymatic attack. The data also argue that the snake venom enzyme is not only capable of clearing cell corpses but can aid in the demise of tumor cells that have initiated but not yet completed the death process.
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Bibi S, Lattmann E, Mohammed AR, Perrie Y. Trigger release liposome systems: local and remote controlled delivery? J Microencapsul 2011; 29:262-76. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2011.646330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Zhu G, Alhamhoom Y, Cummings BS, Arnold RD. Synthesis of lipids for development of multifunctional lipid-based drug-carriers. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2011; 21:6370-5. [PMID: 21955941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2011.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/22/2011] [Accepted: 08/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A simple approach to synthesize phospholipids to modulate drug release and track lipid-based particulate drug-carriers is described. We synthesized two ether lipids, 1 1-O-hexadecyl-2-pentadenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (C(31)PC) and 2 1-O-hexadecyl-2-pentadenoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphomethanol (C(31)PM), and examined their ability to alter enzymatically triggered release of 6-carboxyfluorescein from liposomes incubated in TRIS buffer or fetal bovine serum solutions. Further, we demonstrated that odd-chain lipids, for example, C(31)PC, could be identified in rat plasma without interference of endogenous lipids. This approach can be adapted to synthesize a variety of lipids for use in developing and optimizing multifunctional drug-carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Zhu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, 215 W. Green Street, Rm 220 Athens, GA 30602 2352, United States
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