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Rasuli N, Riahi H, Shariatmadari Z, Nohooji MG, Dehestani A, MehrabanJoubani P. Growth enhancement, metabolic profile improvement, and DXR and TPS2 gene expression changes in Thymus vulgaris L. by cyanobacterial inoculation. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:5751-5763. [PMID: 38381096 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent decades cyanobacterial species have attracted research attention as potential sources of new biostimulants. In this study, the biostimulant effects of five cyanobacterial suspensions on the growth and essential oil composition of Thymus vulgaris L. were evaluated. The expression of key genes involved in the biosynthesis of thymol and carvacrol, such as DXR and TPS2, were investigated. RESULTS A pot culture experiment revealed that cyanobacterial application significantly improved T. vulgaris L. growth indices, including plant height, dry and fresh weight, leaf and flower number, leaf area, and photosynthetic pigment content. Total phenol and flavonoid content in inoculated plants also showed a significant increase compared with the control. Anabaena torulosa ISB213 inoculation significantly increased root and shoot biomass by about 65.38% and 92.98% compared with the control, respectively. Nostoc calcicola ISB215 inoculation resulted in the highest amount of essential oil accumulation (18.08 ± 0.62) in T. vulgaris leaves, by about 72.19% compared with the control (10.5 ± 0.50%). Interestingly, the amount of limonene in the Nostoc ellipsosporum ISB217 treatment (1.67%) increased significantly compared with the control and other treatments. The highest expression rates of DXR and TPS2 genes were observed in the treatment of N. ellipsosporum ISB217, with 5.92-fold and 5.22-fold increases over the control, respectively. CONCLUSION This research revealed the potential of the cyanobacteria that were studied as promising biostimulants to increase the production of biomass and secondary metabolites of T. vulgaris L., which could be a suitable alternative to chemical fertilizers. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Rasuli
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Riahi
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Shariatmadari
- Department of Plant Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ali Dehestani
- Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
| | - Pooyan MehrabanJoubani
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
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Vargas-Escobar P, Flórez-Acosta O, Corrales-García LL. Renewing the potential of rice crop residues as value-added products in the cosmetics industry. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28402. [PMID: 38596090 PMCID: PMC11002580 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose of this study is to explore the extraction of potentially valuable cosmetic ingredients from rice crop residues, aiming to mitigate their environmental impact. Methods We employed AOAC methods to analyze the fat, protein, ash, fiber, soluble, and insoluble carbohydrate content in these residues. To identify sugars rich in galactose and acidic sugars, a total soluble carbohydrate extraction was performed. Cellulose, as part of the insoluble carbohydrates, was isolated through alkaline and acid hydrolysis, while sodium silicate was derived from the ash. Characterization of insoluble cellulose and silicate involved techniques like FTIR, DSC, PXRD, microphotography, porosity assessments, and water absorption studies. For proteins, alkaline solubilization and precipitation at the isoelectric point were utilized, with quantification via BCA and amino acid profiling through gas chromatography. Evaluation of radical scavenging capacity using DPPH led to the calculation of apparent molecular weight via SDS-PAGE. Results The results revealed low levels of gum, mucilage, and pectin in both residues, contrasting with a high concentration of insoluble polysaccharides. Among these, Iβ cellulose displayed potential attributes for cosmetic applications due to its oil and water adsorption characteristics. However, silicates obtained from the ashes did not exhibit direct use potential. In terms of protein extraction, we observed antioxidant properties, with enhanced performance through enzymatic hydrolysis, achieving a hydrolysis degree of 30.41% and a DPPH radical absorption rate exceeding 70%. Conclusion Rice residues, particularly husk and straw, shown valuable substances suitable for potential cosmetic applications, encompassing cellulose, hydrolyzed proteins, and ash as a silicate precursor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Vargas-Escobar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Calle 67 Nº 53 - 108, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Oscar Flórez-Acosta
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Calle 67 Nº 53 - 108, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ligia Luz Corrales-García
- Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Calle 67 Nº 53 – 108, Medellín, Colombia
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3
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Kaur S, Ubeyitogullari A. Extraction of phenolic compounds from rice husk via ethanol-water-modified supercritical carbon dioxide. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14196. [PMID: 36938479 PMCID: PMC10018476 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice husk, a rice processing byproduct generated in large quantities (∼20% of the grain weight), creates a major disposal problem for the rice industry. However, rice husk contains high-value bioactive compounds that can provide potential health benefits. The objective of this study was to extract high-value phenolic compounds from rice husk using supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) technology. In this study, the effects of different extraction conditions, namely, temperature (40 and 60 °C), pressure (30 and 40 MPa), and ethanol concentration (15 and 25%, w/w) on the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and antioxidant activity (AA) were investigated. The extraction of phenolic compounds was also studied using different SC-CO2 modifiers, i.e., ethanol and ethanol-water. The highest TPC, TFC, and AA were achieved with 30 MPa, 60 °C, and 25% ethanol-water (50%, v/v) cosolvent mixture as 1.29 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g, 0.40 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g, and 0.23 mg Trolox equivalent (TE)/g, respectively. Increasing water content up to 50% (v/v) in the cosolvent significantly improved the extraction yield. p-Coumaric, ferulic, and syringic acids were the predominant phenolic acids in the extracts obtained by cosolvent-modified SC-CO2 and methanol extractions. In addition, ethanol-water-modified SC-CO2 increased rice husk's porosity, which could be a potential pretreatment to enhance cellulose extraction. Thus, ethanol-water-modified SC-CO2 can be utilized to recover polar bioactive compounds from food processing byproducts for developing functional foods while eliminating the use of toxic organic solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanjot Kaur
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
| | - Ali Ubeyitogullari
- Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
- Corresponding author.Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72704, USA
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4
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Mezerji ZK, Boshrouyeh R, Razavi SH, Ghajari S, Hajiha H, Shafaei N, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Encapsulation of Polygonum bistorta root phenolic compounds as a novel phytobiotic and its protective effects in the mouse model of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli infection. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:49. [PMID: 36793082 PMCID: PMC9930239 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03868-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microencapsulation technology is the fundamental delivery system for encapsulating the natural bioactive compounds especially phenolic in order to developing bioavailability, stability and controlling release. This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial and health-promoting potential of the phenolic rich extract (PRE)-loaded microcapsules obtained from Polygonum bistorta root as a dietary phytobiotic in mice challenged by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli). METHOD The PRE was obtained from Polygonum bistorta root using fractionation by different polarity solvents and the highest PRE was encapsulated by the combination of modified starch, maltodextrin, and whey protein concentrate as wall materials using a spray dryer. Then, the physicochemical characterization (particle size, zeta potential, Morphology and polydispersity index) of microcapsules have been assessed. For the invivo study, 30 mice at five treatment were designed and antibacterial properties were analyzed. Furthermore, relative fold changes in the ileum population of E. coli was investigated using Real time PCR. RESULTS The encapsulation of PRE resulted in the production of phenolic enriched extract-loaded microcapsules (PRE-LM) with a mean diameter of 330 nm and relatively high entrapment efficiency (87.2% w/v). The dietary supplementation of PRE-LM improved weight gain, liver enzymes, gene expression, morphometric characteristics of the ileum and decreased the population of E. coli present in the ileum significantly (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Our funding suggested PRE-LM as a promising phytobiotic against E. coli infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra kadkhoda Mezerji
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Boshrouyeh
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Shaghayegh Ghajari
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hasti Hajiha
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Shafaei
- grid.411768.d0000 0004 1756 1744Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Research and Development, Arka Industrial Cluster, Mashhad, Iran.
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5
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Freitas PA, Bas Gil NJ, González-Martínez C, Chiralt A. Antioxidant poly (lactic acid) films with rice straw extract for food packaging applications. Food Packag Shelf Life 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2022.101003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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6
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Ramos M, Laveriano E, San Sebastián L, Perez M, Jiménez A, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Garrigós MC, Queralt AV. Rice straw as a valuable source of cellulose and polyphenols: Applications in the food industry. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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7
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Jumrus S, Yamuangmorn S, Veeradittakit J, Kamthai S, Lordkaew S, Suwan T, Jamjod S, Prom-u-thai C. Variation of Anthocyanin, Phenol, and Antioxidant Capacity in Straw among Rice Varieties and Growing Locations as a Potential Source of Natural Bioactive Compounds. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2903. [PMID: 36365356 PMCID: PMC9655959 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the variation in bioactive compounds (anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidants) among 22 rice varieties in the same growing locations and among four varieties collected from eight different provinces in Northern Thailand. Wide variation in anthocyanins, phenols, and antioxidant capacity was established, ranging from 1.6 to 33.0 mg/100 g, 249.9 to 477.7 mg gallic acid/100 g, and 0 to 3,288.5 mg trolox equivalent/100 g, respectively. The highest straw anthocyanin and phenol concentrations were found in KDK (a traditional photoperiod-sensitive variety with purple pericarp and leaves) and K4 (an advanced, photoperiod-insensitive variety with purple pericarp and leaves), while the highest antioxidant capacity was found in KH CMU (an improved traditional photoperiod sensitive variety with a purple pericarp and green leaves) and K4. The variation of the bioactive compounds was also found in the same variety grown at different locations, e.g., the KDMl105 grown in Prayao province had a straw anthocyanin concentration higher than when grown in Mae Hong Son province. The effect was also observed in phenol content and antioxidant capacity when the same rice variety was grown across various locations. A significant correlation between total phenol and antioxidant capacity was observed across rice varieties and growing locations but was not found between anthocyanin and antioxidant capacity. This study found that the bioactive compounds in rice straw varied among rice varieties and growing locations. Straw phenol acts as a major antioxidant that can be used as a characteristic for the selection of rice varieties with high antioxidant capacity for use at the industrial scale for the processing of food, pharmaceuticals, and medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchada Jumrus
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | | | - Jeeraporn Veeradittakit
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Suthaphat Kamthai
- Division of Packaging Technology, School of Agro-industry, Faculty of Agro-industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sithisavet Lordkaew
- Center of Agricultural Resource Systems, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Teewara Suwan
- Center of Excellence in Natural Disaster Management (CENDIM), Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Jamjod
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Prom-u-thai
- Agronomy Division, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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8
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Modupalli N, Krisshnan A, C K S, D V C, Natarajan V, Koidis A, Rawson A. Effect of novel combination processing technologies on extraction and quality of rice bran oil. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:1911-1933. [PMID: 36106441 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2119367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Rice bran, a primary by-product from the rice processing industries, containing 10-15% oil, attracts significant attention from consumers due to its many health-promoting effects. The extraction methodology used is one of the most critical factors affecting the quality and yield of oil from rice bran. Using solvents is the current commercial process for rice bran oil extraction, which has its setbacks. It is challenging and expensive, and there is a risk of traces of solvent residue in the oil. Emerging combination extraction technologies offer zero to minimal solvent residues or chemical deformation while considering increasing environmental and energy footprint. Emerging combination processing technologies include new-age methods like supercritical fluid extraction, sub-critical fluid extraction, ultrasound-assisted enzymatic extraction, ohmic heating, and microwave-assisted extraction. These techniques have been reported to extract oil from rice bran, improving extraction efficiency and quality. These techniques demonstrate solid prospects for future applications. The present review discusses and compares these emerging technologies for oil extraction from rice bran commercially.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitha Modupalli
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
| | - Anitha Krisshnan
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
| | - Sunil C K
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
| | - Chidanand D V
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Anastasios Koidis
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Ashish Rawson
- National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Thanjavur, India
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9
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Pelegrín CJ, Ramos M, Jiménez A, Garrigós MC. Chemical Composition and Bioactive Antioxidants Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Cyperus esculentus L. By-products: A Valorization Approach. Front Nutr 2022; 9:944830. [PMID: 35873445 PMCID: PMC9305069 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.944830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tiger nut is highly appreciated in the Mediterranean basin by the large number of nutritional advantages offered by a beverage, called "horchata," which is directly obtained from the tuber of Cyperus esculentus L. However, the current tiger nut harvesting and processing practices generate a large number of residues, mainly a solid by-product after processing and the plant that remains spread out in the fields. In this work the plant residues have been fully characterized to get a clear picture of the possibilities for its valorization to generate products with high added value. Several analytical techniques have been applied to obtain data to assess the real possibilities of these residues in advanced applications in the food, packaging and nutrition sectors. Results on the compositional and elemental analysis, monosaccharide composition, phenolic concentration, and antioxidant capacity were obtained from the dry powder (DP). The high content of α-cellulose (47.2 ± 1.8%) in DP could open new possibilities for these residues as raw material in the production of cellulose nanoentities. Many essential minerals with nutritional interest (Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn) and free sugars (xylose, arabinose, glucose, and galacturonic acid) were identified in the DP making it an interesting source of valuable nutrients. The total carbohydrate content was 171 ± 31 mg gdm -1. In addition, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to obtain extracts rich in polyphenolic compounds. A Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used, and the optimal extraction conditions predicted by the model were 80°C, 18 min, ethanol concentration 40% (v/v), and solvent volume 77 mL, showing an extraction yield of 2.27 ± 0.09%, TPC value was 136 ± 3 mg GAE 100 gdm -1 and antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method was 8.41 ± 0.09 μmol trolox gdm -1. Other assays (FRAP and DPPH) were also tested, confirming the high antioxidant capacity of DP extracts. Some polyphenols were identified and quantified: p-coumaric (7.67 ± 0.16 mg 100 gdm -1), ferulic (4.07 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm -1), sinapinic (0.50 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm -1) and cinnamic acids (1.10 ± 0.03 mg 100 gdm -1), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1.28 ± 0.06 mg 100 gdm -1), luteolin (1.03 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm -1), and naringenin (0.60 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm -1). It can be concluded that C. esculentus L. residues obtained from the tiger nut harvesting and horchata processing could be an important source of high value compounds with potential uses in different industrial sectors, while limiting the environmental hazards associated with the current agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María Carmen Garrigós
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Spain
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10
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Kamelan Kafi M, Bolvari NE, Mohammad Pour S, Moghadam SK, Shafaei N, Karimi E, Oskoueian E. Encapsulated phenolic compounds from
Ferula gummosa
leaf: A potential phytobiotic against
Campylobacter jejuni
infection. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.16802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Negin Shafaei
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | - Ehsan Karimi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch Islamic Azad University Mashhad Iran
| | - Ehsan Oskoueian
- Department of Research and Development Arka Industrial Cluster Mashhad Iran
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Zhou S, Huang K, Zhou Y, Hu Y, Xiao Y, Chen T, Yin M, Liu Y, Xu M, Jiang X. Degradome sequencing reveals an integrative miRNA-mediated gene interaction network regulating rice seed vigor. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:269. [PMID: 35650544 PMCID: PMC9158300 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is well known that seed vigor is essential for agricultural production and rice (Oryza sativa L.) is one of the most important crops in the world. Though we previously reported that miR164c regulates rice seed vigor, but whether and how other miRNAs cooperate with miR164c to regulate seed vigor is still unknown. RESULTS Based on degradome data of six RNA samples isolated from seeds of the wild-type (WT) indica rice cultivar 'Kasalath' as well as two modified lines in 'Kasalath' background (miR164c-silenced line [MIM164c] and miR164c overexpression line [OE164c]), which were subjected to either no aging treatment or an 8-day artificial aging treatment, 1247 different target transcripts potentially cleaved by 421 miRNAs were identified. The miRNA target genes were functionally annotated via GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. By STRING database assay, a miRNA-mediated gene interaction network regulating seed vigor in rice was revealed, which comprised at least four interconnected pathways: the miR5075-mediated oxidoreductase related pathway, the plant hormone related pathway, the miR164e related pathway, and the previously reported RPS27AA related pathway. Knockout and overexpression of the target gene Os02g0817500 of miR5075 decreased and enhanced seed vigor, respectively. By Y2H assay, the proteins encoded by five seed vigor-related genes, Os08g0295100, Os07g0633100, REFA1, OsPER1 and OsGAPC3, were identified to interact with Os02g0817500. CONCLUSIONS miRNAs cooperate to regulate seed vigor in rice via an integrative gene interaction network comprising miRNA target genes and other functional genes. The result provided a basis for fully understanding the molecular mechanisms of seed vigor regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Kerui Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Changsha, 410081, China
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, 415000, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yingqian Hu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yuchao Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Ting Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mengqi Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yan Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Mengliang Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiaocheng Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China.
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Crop Sterile Germplasm Resource Innovation and Application, Changsha, 410081, China.
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12
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Phytobiotic potential of Teucrium polium phenolic microcapsules against Salmonella enteritidis infection in mice. Polym Bull (Berl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-022-04134-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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13
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Fan GJ, Chen MH, Lee CF, Yu B, Lee TT. Effects of rice straw fermented with spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrates on milking performance in Alpine dairy goats. Anim Biosci 2022; 35:999-1009. [PMID: 34991205 PMCID: PMC9271389 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To improve the feeding value of rice straw (RS), this study evaluated the potential of rice straw fermented with Pleurotus sajor-caju (FRS) as dairy goat feed. Methods Spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrate was used as fungi inoculum to break the lignocellulose linkage of rice straw, which was solid-fermented at 25°C to 30°C for 8 weeks. The ruminal degradation of pangolagrass hay (PG), FRS, and RS were measured in situ for 96 hours in three dry Holstein cows, respectively. Effect of fungi fermented RS on milking performance was studied in feeding trials. A total of 21 Alpine goats a trial were divided into 3 groups: a control group in which PG accounted for 15% of the diet dry matter, and FRS or RS was used to replace the PG in the control group. Goats were fed twice a day under two 28-day trial in individual pens. Meanwhile, a 3×3 Latin square trial (14 days/period) was conducted to study the rumen digestion of three diets by using three fistulated dry goats. Rumen contents were collected for metabolite analyses every one to three hours on the last two days. Results In situ study showed that fermentation could elevate the rumen degradable fraction and effective degradability of RS (p<0.05). Effective degradability of FRS dry matter was significantly increased from 29.5% of RS to 41.7%. Lactating trial results showed that dry matter intake and milk yield in the PG group and FRS group were similar and higher than those in RS group (p<0.05). The concentration of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acid in the RS group tended to be lower than those in PG group (p<0.10). There were no differences in rumen pH value and ammonia nitrogen level among the groups tested. Conclusion Fermentation of rice straw by spent Pleurotus sajor-caju mushroom substrate could substantially enhance its feeding value to be equivalent to PG as an effective fiber source for dairy goat. The fermented rice straw is recommended to account for 15% in diet dry matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Jen Fan
- Animal Industry Division, Livestock Research Institute (LRI), Council of Agriculture (COA), Tainan, 712009, Taiwan.,Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung 402204, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsing Chen
- Plant Pathology Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, COA, Executive Yuan. Taichung City 413008, Taiwan
| | | | - Bi Yu
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung 402204, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Tai Lee
- Department of Animal Science, National Chung Hsing University (NCHU), Taichung 402204, Taiwan.,The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 402, Taiwan
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Thepthanee C, Liu CC, Yu HS, Huang HS, Yen CH, Li YH, Lee MR, Liaw ET. Evaluation of Phytochemical Contents and In Vitro Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anticancer Activities of Black Rice Leaf ( Oryza sativa L.) Extract and Its Fractions. Foods 2021; 10:2987. [PMID: 34945535 PMCID: PMC8701243 DOI: 10.3390/foods10122987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Black rice leaves (Oryza sativa L.) are a major part of rice straw left in open fields after rice harvest as agricultural waste. In this study, crude ethanolic extract (CEE) and various solvent fractions (hexane (Hex), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), n-butanol (n-BuOH), and aqueous fractions) of black rice leaves were investigated for their bioactive compound contents as well as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. The results demonstrated that among all the fractions, the n-BuOH fraction presented the greatest contents of total phenolics and flavonoids, while anthocyanins were found to be abundant in the n-BuOH and aqueous fractions, which also exhibited powerful antioxidant abilities according to DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging assays and a reducing power assay. Regarding anti-inflammatory activity, CEE and EtOAc reduced the production of NO and cytokine secretion (PGE2, IL-6, and IL-1β) but displayed less effect on tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) release in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. They also significantly decreased iNOS and COX-2 protein expression. Additionally, the phenolics-rich ethyl acetate fraction showed the greatest activity against HepG2 liver carcinoma cells, inhibited cell growth, increased the Sub-G1 population, and induced apoptosis via mitochondrion-dependent mechanisms. In conclusion, black rice leaves, a byproduct of rice, exhibited strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer capacities and might be useful for application in functional foods and the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chorpaka Thepthanee
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.T.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Chan-Chiung Liu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.T.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | - Hsu-Sheng Yu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.T.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-S.Y.)
| | | | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan;
| | - Yen-Hsien Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 420, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-R.L.)
- Instrument Center, Office of Research and Development, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 420, Taiwan
| | - Maw-Rong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 420, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-R.L.)
| | - Ean-Tun Liaw
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan; (C.T.); (C.-C.L.); (H.-S.Y.)
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Moirangthem K, Ramakrishna P, Amer MH, Tucker GA. Bioactivity and anthocyanin content of microwave-assisted subcritical water extracts of Manipur black rice (Chakhao) bran and straw. FUTURE FOODS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2021.100030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Freitas PAV, González-Martínez C, Chiralt A. Application of Ultrasound Pre-Treatment for Enhancing Extraction of Bioactive Compounds from Rice Straw. Foods 2020; 9:foods9111657. [PMID: 33198371 PMCID: PMC7697156 DOI: 10.3390/foods9111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraction of water-soluble bioactive compounds using different green methods is an eco-friendly alternative for valorizing agricultural wastes such as rice straw (RS). In this study, aqueous extracts of RS (particles < 500 µm) were obtained using ultrasound (US), reflux heating (HT), stirring (ST) and a combination of US and ST (USST) or HT (USHT). The extraction kinetics was well fitted to a pseudo-second order model. As regards phenolic compound yield, the US method (342 mg gallic acid (GAE). 100 g−1 RS) was more effective than the ST treatment (256 mg GAE·100 g−1 RS), reaching an asymptotic value after 30 min of process. When combined with HT (USHT), the US pre-treatment led to the highest extraction of phenolic compounds from RS (486 mg GAE·100 g−1 RS) while the extract exhibited the greatest antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the USHT extract reduced the initial counts of Listeria innocua by 1.7 logarithmic cycles. Therefore, the thermal aqueous extraction of RS applying the 30 min US pre-treatment, represents a green and efficient approach to obtain bioactive extracts for food applications.
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17
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Murtey MD, Seeni A. The phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of husk and straw as paddy waste products. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4347-4352. [PMID: 32248531 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 12/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rice serves as a staple food for one-half of the global population. However, rice production, particularly the rice milling process, results in a substantial amount of paddy waste products (e.g. bran, husk and straw) annually. Because the potentials of bran have been extensively explored in prior studies, the present review focuses exclusively on the phytochemical analysis and pharmacological potentials of husk and straw. This comprehensive review establishes a solid foundation for promoting husk and straw as medicinal substances given their promising pharmacological potentials as bioactive compound sources with therapeutic functions. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mogana Das Murtey
- Basic Sciences and Oral Biology Unit, School of Dental Sciences. Health Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Azman Seeni
- Cluster of Integrative Medicine, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Penang, Malaysia
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18
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Verma DK, Srivastav PP. Bioactive compounds of rice (Oryza sativa L.): Review on paradigm and its potential benefit in human health. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Menzel C, González-Martínez C, Vilaplana F, Diretto G, Chiralt A. Incorporation of natural antioxidants from rice straw into renewable starch films. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:976-986. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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20
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Sen S, Chakraborty R, Kalita P. Rice - not just a staple food: A comprehensive review on its phytochemicals and therapeutic potential. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Eladel H, Battah M, Dawa A, Abd-Elhay R, Anees D. Effect of rice straw extracts on growth of two phytoplankton isolated from a fish pond. JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYCOLOGY 2019; 31:3557-3563. [DOI: 10.1007/s10811-019-01766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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22
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Extraction of Flavonoids from the Saccharification of Rice Straw Is an Integrated Process for Straw Utilization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 189:249-261. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03002-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Bioactive compounds from by-products of rice cultivation and rice processing: Extraction and application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Extraction and Analysis of Phenolic Compounds in Rice: A Review. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112890. [PMID: 30404149 PMCID: PMC6278312 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice represents the main source of calorie intake in many world countries and about 60% of the world population include rice in their staple diet. Whole grain rice, also called brown rice, represent the unpolished version of the more common white rice including bran, germ, and endosperm. Many health-promoting properties have been associated to the consumption of whole grain rice and, for this reason, great attention has been paid by the scientific community towards the identification and the quantification of bioactive compounds in this food item. In this contribution, the last five years progresses in the quali-quantitative determination of phenolic compounds in rice have been highlighted. Special attention has been devoted to the most recent strategies for the extraction of the target compounds from rice along with the analytical approaches adopted for the separation, identification and quantification of phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins. More specifically, the main features of the “traditional” extraction methods (i.e., maceration, ultrasound-assisted extraction) have been described, as well as the more innovative protocols involving advanced extraction techniques, such as MAE (microwave-assisted extraction). The predominant role of HPLC in the definition of the phenolic profile has been examined also presenting the most recent results obtained by using mass spectrometry-based detection systems. In addition, the most common procedures aimed to the quantification of the total amount of the cited classes of phenolic compounds have been described together with the spectrophotometric protocols aimed to the evaluation of the antioxidant properties of rice phenolic extracts (i.e., FRAP, DPPH, ABTS and ORAC).
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Liu Y, Wang Z, Li H, Liang M, Yang L. In vitro antioxidant activity of rice protein affected by alkaline degree and gastrointestinal protease digestion. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:4940-4950. [PMID: 27376465 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To elucidate whether and how alkali treatment, which is a common process for rice protein (RP) extraction, affects antioxidant activity of RP, the different degree of alkali (from 0.1% to 0.4% of NaOH) was used to extract RP (RP-1, RP-2, RP-3, RP-4). RESULTS The antioxidant capacities of scavenging free radicals [2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid] diammonium salt, ABTS; 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl, DPPH), chelating metals (iron, copper) and reducing power investigated in the hydrolysates of RPs (RP-1, RP-2, RP-3, RP-4) during in vitro pepsin-pancreatin digestion were effectively affected by alkali treatment. The present study demonstrated that the weakest antioxidant responses to ABTS radical-scavenging activity, DPPH radical-scavenging activity, iron chelating activity, copper chelating activity and reducing power were produced by RP-4 extracted by the highest alkali proportion (0.4% NaOH). CONCULSION The present study indicates that antioxidant capacity of RP could be more readily depressed by strict alkali degree and affected by gastrointestinal proteases. Results suggest that alkali extraction is a vital process to regulate the antioxidant activity of RP through modifying the compositions of amino acids, which are dependent on alkali magnitude. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Zhengxuan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Mingcai Liang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Sayyari Z, Farahmandfar R. Stabilization of sunflower oil with pussy willow ( Salix aegyptiaca) extract and essential oil. Food Sci Nutr 2016; 5:266-272. [PMID: 28265361 PMCID: PMC5332262 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of present study was to evaluate antioxidant efficacy of pussy willow extract (PWE) and essential oil (PWEO) in stabilization of sunflower oil (SFO) during ambient storage (60 days at 25°C). Initially, total phenolic (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) contents were evaluated. Then, PWE, PWEO, and TBHQ were added to SFO. Peroxide value (PV), carbonyl value (CV), total polar compound (TPC), acid value (AV), and Oxidative stability index (OSI) were measured every 15 days. The results showed that PWE had higher TP and TF than PWEO (TP: 966.72 mg GAE/g and 355.8472 mg GAE/g, respectively; TF: 619.45 mg/100 g and 195.45 mg/100 g, respectively). Furthermore, according to all stabilization parameters, PWE had higher antioxidant efficacy followed by TBHQ, PWEO, and control, respectively. Therefore, PWE has antioxidant activity and it may be recommended as natural strong antioxidants to suppress lipid oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sayyari
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Savadkooh branch Islamic Azad University Savadkooh Iran
| | - Reza Farahmandfar
- Department of Food Science and Technology Sari Agricultural Sciences & Natural Resources University (SANRU) Sari Iran
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27
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Oskoueian E, Abdullah N, Zulkifli I, Ebrahimi M, Karimi E, Goh YM, Oskoueian A, Shakeri M. Cytoprotective effect of palm kernel cake phenolics against aflatoxin B1-induced cell damage and its underlying mechanism of action. Altern Ther Health Med 2015; 15:392. [PMID: 26518905 PMCID: PMC4628249 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0921-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background Palm kernel cake (PKC), a by-product of the palm oil industry is abundantly available in many tropical and subtropical countries. The product is known to contain high levels of phenolic compounds that may impede the deleterious effects of fungal mycotoxins. This study focused on the evaluation of PKC phenolics as a potential cytoprotective agent towards aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced cell damage. Methods The phenolic compounds of PKC were obtained by solvent extraction and the product rich in phenolic compounds was labeled as phenolic-enriched fraction (PEF). This fraction was evaluated for its phenolic compounds composition. The antioxidant activity of PEF was determined by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, inhibition of ß-carotene bleaching, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assays. The cytotoxicity assay and molecular biomarkers analyses were performed to evaluate the cytoprotective effects of PEF towards aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced cell damage. Results The results showed that PEF contained gallic acid, pyrogallol, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, epicatechin, catechin and ferulic acid. The PEF exhibited free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power, ß-carotene bleaching inhibition and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances inhibition. The PEF demonstrated cytoprotective effects in AFB1-treated chicken hepatocytes by reducing the cellular lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant enzymes production. The viability of AFB1-treated hepatocytes was improved by PEF through up-regulation of oxidative stress tolerance genes and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory and apoptosis associated genes. Conclusions The present findings supported the proposition that the phenolic compounds present in PKC could be a potential cytoprotective agent towards AFB1 cytotoxicity.
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Ghasemzadeh A, Jaafar HZE, Juraimi AS, Tayebi-Meigooni A. Comparative Evaluation of Different Extraction Techniques and Solvents for the Assay of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Hashemi Rice Bran. Molecules 2015; 20:10822-38. [PMID: 26111171 PMCID: PMC6272729 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary metabolite contents (total phenolic, flavonoid, tocopherol, and tocotrienol) and antioxidant activities of Hashemi rice bran extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted and traditional solvent (ethanol and 50:50 (v/v) ethanol-water) extraction techniques were compared. Phenolic and, flavonoid compounds were identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and method validation was performed. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the different extraction techniques upon comparison of phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities. The extracts obtained using the ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) ultrasonic technique showed the highest amounts of total phenolics (288.40 mg/100 g dry material (DM)), total flavonoids (156.20 mg/100 g DM), and total tocotrienols (56.23 mg/100 g DM), and the highest antioxidant activity (84.21% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 65.27% β-carotene-linoleic bleaching and 82.20% nitric oxide scavenging activity). Secondary metabolite contents and antioxidant activities of the rice bran extracts varied depending of the extraction method used, and according to their effectiveness, these were organized in a decreasing order as follows: ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) ultrasonic, ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) maceration, ethanol ultrasonic and ethanol maceration methods. Ferulic, gallic and chlorogenic acids were the most abundant phenolic compounds in rice bran extracts. The phytochemical constituents of Hashemi rice bran and its antioxidant properties provides insights into its potential application to promote health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ghasemzadeh
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Hawa Z E Jaafar
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Shukor Juraimi
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Amin Tayebi-Meigooni
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Burlando B, Cornara L. Therapeutic properties of rice constituents and derivatives (Oryza sativa L.): A review update. Trends Food Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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