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Schwarzer E, Skorokhod O. Post-Translational Modifications of Proteins of Malaria Parasites during the Life Cycle. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6145. [PMID: 38892332 PMCID: PMC11173270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are essential for regulating protein functions, influencing various fundamental processes in eukaryotes. These include, but are not limited to, cell signaling, protein trafficking, the epigenetic control of gene expression, and control of the cell cycle, as well as cell proliferation, differentiation, and interactions between cells. In this review, we discuss protein PTMs that play a key role in the malaria parasite biology and its pathogenesis. Phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, lipidation and lipoxidation, glycosylation, ubiquitination and sumoylation, nitrosylation and glutathionylation, all of which occur in malarial parasites, are reviewed. We provide information regarding the biological significance of these modifications along all phases of the complex life cycle of Plasmodium spp. Importantly, not only the parasite, but also the host and vector protein PTMs are often crucial for parasite growth and development. In addition to metabolic regulations, protein PTMs can result in epitopes that are able to elicit both innate and adaptive immune responses of the host or vector. We discuss some existing and prospective results from antimalarial drug discovery trials that target various PTM-related processes in the parasite or host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Schwarzer
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Via Santena 5 bis, 10126 Turin, Italy;
| | - Oleksii Skorokhod
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, Via Accademia Albertina, 13, 10123 Turin, Italy
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2
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Poli G, Bologna E, Saguy IS. Possible interactions between selected food processing and medications. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1380010. [PMID: 38680533 PMCID: PMC11045975 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1380010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The impact of food processing on drug absorption, metabolism, and subsequent pharmacological activity is a pressing yet insufficiently explored area of research. Overlooking food-processing-drug interactions can significantly disrupt optimal clinical patient management. The challenges extend beyond merely considering the type and timing of food ingestion as to drug uptake; the specific food processing methods applied play a pivotal role. This study delves into both selected thermal and non-thermal food processing techniques, investigating their potential interference with the established pharmacokinetics of medications. Within the realm of thermal processing, conventional methods like deep fat frying, grilling, or barbecuing not only reduce the enteric absorption of drugs but also may give rise to side-products such as acrylamide, aldehydes, oxysterols, and oxyphytosterols. When produced in elevated quantities, these compounds exhibit enterotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects, potentially impacting the metabolism of various medications. Of note, a variety of thermal processing is frequently adopted during the preparation of diverse traditional herbal medicines. Conversely, circumventing high heat through innovative approaches (e.g., high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, plasma technology), opens new avenues to improve food quality, efficiency, bioavailability, and sustainability. However, it is crucial to exercise caution to prevent the excessive uptake of active compounds in specific patient categories. The potential interactions between food processing methods and their consequences, whether beneficial or adverse, on drug interactions can pose health hazards in certain cases. Recognizing this knowledge gap underscores the urgency for intensified and targeted scientific inquiry into the multitude of conceivable interactions among food composition, processing methods, and pharmaceutical agents. A thorough investigation into the underlying mechanisms is imperative. The complexity of this field requires substantial scrutiny and collaborative efforts across diverse domains, including medicine, pharmacology, nutrition, food science, food technology, and food engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Poli
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, San Luigi Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Ettore Bologna
- Medical Service Fondazione Piera Pietro and Giovanni Ferrero, Alba, Italy
| | - I. Sam Saguy
- The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food & Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Dragoev SG. Lipid Peroxidation in Muscle Foods: Impact on Quality, Safety and Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:797. [PMID: 38472909 DOI: 10.3390/foods13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The issue of lipid changes in muscle foods under the action of atmospheric oxygen has captured the attention of researchers for over a century. Lipid oxidative processes initiate during the slaughtering of animals and persist throughout subsequent technological processing and storage of the finished product. The oxidation of lipids in muscle foods is a phenomenon extensively deliberated in the scientific community, acknowledged as one of the pivotal factors affecting their quality, safety, and human health. This review delves into the nature of lipid oxidation in muscle foods, highlighting mechanisms of free radical initiation and the propagation of oxidative processes. Special attention is given to the natural antioxidant protective system and dietary factors influencing the stability of muscle lipids. The review traces mechanisms inhibiting oxidative processes, exploring how changes in lipid oxidative substrates, prooxidant activity, and the antioxidant protective system play a role. A critical review of the oxidative stability and safety of meat products is provided. The impact of oxidative processes on the quality of muscle foods, including flavour, aroma, taste, colour, and texture, is scrutinised. Additionally, the review monitors the effect of oxidised muscle foods on human health, particularly in relation to the autooxidation of cholesterol. Associations with coronary cardiovascular disease, brain stroke, and carcinogenesis linked to oxidative stress, and various infections are discussed. Further studies are also needed to formulate appropriate technological solutions to reduce the risk of chemical hazards caused by the initiation and development of lipid peroxidation processes in muscle foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G Dragoev
- Department of Meat and Fish Technology, Technological Faculty, University of Food Technologies, 26 Maritza Blvd., 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Tiwari R, Verma S, Verma N, Verma D, Narayan J. Correlation of serum uric acid levels with certain anthropometric parameters in prediabetic and drug-naive diabetic subjects. Ann Afr Med 2024; 23:13-18. [PMID: 38358165 PMCID: PMC10922179 DOI: 10.4103/aam.aam_40_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Uric acid is produced during the metabolism of nucleotide and adenosine triphosphate and contains the final product of human purine metabolism. It acts both as an antioxidant and pro-inflammatory marker and has a positive association with visceral fat in overweight subjects. The aim of the present study is to find an association of uric acid level with certain anthropometric parameters in subjects having type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods The study included 124 urban drug-naive diabetic Indian subjects above 18 years of age from the general population of the city of North India. Uric acid concentrations were estimated by the uricase method. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) concentrations were estimated by the glucose oxidase-peroxidase method. Anthropometric measurements and information on lifestyle factors and disease history were collected through in-person meeting. Results All participants of the study subjects had a body mass index (BMI) of more than 23.5. BMI, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference, neck circumference, weight, age, sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), skinfold thickness, and body roundness index were positively correlated with the serum uric acid level. The correlation of weight, BMI, SAD, and WHR was statistically significant. Conclusion We found that serum uric acid level increases as body fat content increases. Statistical data show remarkable results for a significant correlation of uric acid level with BMI, WHR, SAD, and FPG. Hypertrophy occurs as a result of inflammatory processes and oxidative stress when the supply of energy starts to exceed the storage capacity of adipocytes, as a result, adipokines such as interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and tumor-necrosis factor-alpha are released more frequently which lead to low-grade chronic inflammation. Uric acid levels are much lean toward visceral obesity than overall body fat content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Tiwari
- Department of Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivam Verma
- Department of Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Narsingh Verma
- Department of Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Dileep Verma
- Department of Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Jagdish Narayan
- Department of Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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de Almeida Torres RJ, Moreto F, Luchini A, de Almeida Torres RJ, Longo SP, Pinho RA, Nagashima S, de Noronha L, Ferron AJT, de Almeida Silva CCV, Correa CR, Aldini G, Ferreira ALA. Carnosine supplementation and retinal oxidative parameters in a high-calorie diet rat model. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:502. [PMID: 38066465 PMCID: PMC10709828 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03255-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess oxidative effects induced by a high-calorie diet on the retina of Wistar rats and test the antioxidative effects of carnosine supplementation. METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into the following groups: standard diet (SD), high-calorie diet (HcD), standard diet + carnosine (SD + Car), and high-calorie diet + carnosine (HcD + Car). The body weight, adiposity index, plasma glucose, total lipids, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), uric acid, creatinine, and triglycerides of the animals were evaluated. The retinas were analyzed for markers of oxidative stress. Hydrogen peroxide production was assessed by 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCF) oxidation. The total glutathione (tGSH), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), protein carbonyl, and sulfhydryl groups of the antioxidant system were analyzed. RESULTS TAC levels increased in the retinas of the SD + Car group compared to the SD group (p < 0.05) and in the HcD + Car group compared to the HcD group (p < 0.05). The levels of GSH and the GSSH:GSSG ratio were increased in the HcD + Car group compared to the SD + Car group (p < 0.05). An increase in the retinal carbonyl content was observed in the HcD group compared to the SD group (p < 0.05) and in the HcD + Car group compared to the SD + Car group (p < 0.05). A high-calorie diet (HcD) was also associated with a decrease in retinal sulfhydryl-type levels compared to the SD group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The results suggest that feeding a high-calorie diet to rats can promote an increase in carbonyl content and a reduction in sulfhydryl groups in their retinas. The administration of carnosine was not effective in attenuating these oxidative markers. TRIAL REGISTRATION Animal Ethics Committee of Botucatu Medical School - Certificate number 1292/2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogil Jose de Almeida Torres
- Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Moreto
- Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Andrea Luchini
- Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Oftalmologico de Curitiba, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Sofia Pimentel Longo
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Aurino Pinho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Seigo Nagashima
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Lucia de Noronha
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidade Catolica Do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Artur Junio Togneri Ferron
- Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil
| | | | - Camila Renata Correa
- Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Dipartimento Di Scienze Farmaceutiche (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Ana Lucia Anjos Ferreira
- Medical School, Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, SP, 18618-687, Brazil
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Inguscio CR, Cisterna B, Carton F, Barberis E, Manfredi M, Malatesta M. Modifications of Blood Molecular Components after Treatment with Low Ozone Concentrations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17175. [PMID: 38139004 PMCID: PMC10742958 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The ex vivo treatment of a limited volume of blood with gaseous oxygen-ozone (O2-O3) mixtures and its rapid reinfusion into the patient is a widespread medical procedure. O3 instantly reacts with the blood's antioxidant systems, disappearing before reinfusion, although the molecules formed act as messengers in the organism, inducing multiple antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses. An appropriate dose of O3 is obviously essential to ensure both safety and therapeutic efficacy, and in recent years, the low-dose O3 concept has led to a significant reduction in the administered O3 concentrations. However, the molecular events triggered by such low concentrations in the blood still need to be fully elucidated. In this basic study, we analysed the molecular modifications induced ex vivo in sheep blood by 5 and 10 µg O3/mL O2 by means of a powerful metabolomics analysis in association with haemogas, light microscopy and bioanalytical assays. This combined approach revealed increased oxygenation and an increased antioxidant capacity in the O3-treated blood, which accorded with the literature. Moreover, original information was obtained on the impact of these low O3 concentrations on the metabolic pathways of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleotides, with the modified metabolites being mostly involved in the preservation of the oxidant-antioxidant balance and in energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Rita Inguscio
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Barbara Cisterna
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Flavia Carton
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Elettra Barberis
- Department of Sciences and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, 15121 Alessandria, Italy;
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy;
| | - Marcello Manfredi
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Diseases, University of Piemonte Orientale, Corso Trieste 15/A, 28100 Novara, Italy;
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Manuela Malatesta
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134 Verona, Italy; (C.R.I.); (B.C.); (F.C.)
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7
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Senturk A, Alver A, Karkucak M, Küçük M, Ahmadi Rendi T. Oxidative modification of carbonic anhydrase by peroxynitrite trigger immune response in mice and rheumatic disease patients. Am J Med Sci 2023; 366:438-448. [PMID: 37678670 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbonic anhydrases (CA) are metalloenzymes with wide tissue distribution, involved in many important physiological processes, and in some rheumatic diseases, autoantibodies are formed against these enzymes. Recent studies have suggested that oxidative stress triggers anti-CA antibody formation. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of modification with oxidative/nitrosative stress end products on CA antigenicity in mice and the relationship between the modified CA autoantibodies and oxidant-antioxidant status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Sjögren's syndrome (SjS). METHODS CA I and CA II isoenzymes were isolated from human erythrocytes and modified with 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), and peroxynitrite (PN). Balb-c mice were immunized with these agents to determine the effects of modification on CA antigenicity. The autoantibody titers of modified CA isoenzymes were detected in patients. In addition MDA, 4-HNE, 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were measured to assess the oxidant-antioxidant status in patients. RESULTS Modifications of carbonic anhydrase with oxidative stress end products, HNE, MDA and PN, lead to alterations in the immune response to these enzymes in mice. It was found that HNE and MDA decreased the antigenicity while PN increased. In addition, PN-modified CA autoantibody levels were found to be significantly different in both RA and SjS patients compared to their controls (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS PN modifications can also trigger an immune response against CA isoenzymes in mice, and PN-modified CA I and CA II autoantibody titers were found at a significantly high level in both RA and SjS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Senturk
- Macka Vocational School, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon 61750, Türkiye.
| | - Ahmet Alver
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Murat Karkucak
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Murat Küçük
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Taghi Ahmadi Rendi
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Türkiye; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Ivarsson J, Ferrara F, Vallese A, Guiotto A, Colella S, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Comparison of Pollutant Effects on Cutaneous Inflammasomes Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16674. [PMID: 38068996 PMCID: PMC10706824 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the outermost layer of the body and, therefore, is exposed to a variety of stressors, such as environmental pollutants, known to cause oxinflammatory reactions involved in the exacerbation of several skin conditions. Today, inflammasomes are recognized as important modulators of the cutaneous inflammatory status in response to air pollutants and ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. In this study, human skin explants were exposed to the best-recognized air pollutants, such as microplastics (MP), cigarette smoke (CS), diesel engine exhaust (DEE), ozone (O3), and UV, for 1 or 4 days, to explore how each pollutant can differently modulate markers of cutaneous oxinflammation. Exposure to environmental pollutants caused an altered oxidative stress response, accompanied by increased DNA damage and signs of premature skin aging. The effect of specific pollutants being able to exert different inflammasomes pathways (NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRP6, and NLRC4) was also investigated in terms of scaffold formation and cell pyroptosis. Among all environmental pollutants, O3, MP, and UV represented the main pollutants affecting cutaneous redox homeostasis; of note, the NLRP1 and NLRP6 inflammasomes were the main ones modulated by these outdoor stressors, suggesting their role as possible molecular targets in preventing skin disorders and the inflammaging events associated with environmental pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Ivarsson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA;
| | - Francesca Ferrara
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceuticals and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Andrea Vallese
- Department of Animal Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (A.V.); (A.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Anna Guiotto
- Department of Animal Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (A.V.); (A.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Sante Colella
- Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (A.V.); (A.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, NC Research Campus, NC State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; (A.V.); (A.G.); (A.P.)
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 26723, Republic of Korea
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9
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Júnior MA, Silva LC, Rocha OB, Oliveira AA, Portis IG, Alonso A, Alonso L, Silva KS, Gomes MN, Andrade CH, Soares CM, Pereira M. Proteomic identification of metabolic changes in Paracoccidioides brasiliensis induced by a nitroheteroarylchalcone. Future Microbiol 2023; 18:1077-1093. [PMID: 37424510 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To access the metabolic changes caused by a chalcone derivative (LabMol-75) through a proteomic approach. Methods: Proteomic analysis was performed after 9 h of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis yeast (Pb18) cell incubation with the LabMol-75 at MIC. The proteomic findings were validated through in vitro and in silico assays. Results: Exposure to the compound led to the downregulation of proteins associated with glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, β-oxidation, the citrate cycle and the electron transport chain. Conclusion: LabMol-75 caused an energetic imbalance in the fungus metabolism and deep oxidative stress. Additionally, the in silico molecular docking approach pointed to this molecule as a putative competitive inhibitor of DHPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Abc Júnior
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lívia C Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Olivia B Rocha
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Amanda A Oliveira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Igor G Portis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Antonio Alonso
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Lais Alonso
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Kleber Sf Silva
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelo N Gomes
- InsiChem, Goiás State University, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
- Faculdade Metropolitana de Anápolis, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Carolina H Andrade
- Laboratory for Molecular Modeling & Drug Design, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Célia Ma Soares
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Maristela Pereira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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10
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Georgiou-Siafis SK, Tsiftsoglou AS. The Key Role of GSH in Keeping the Redox Balance in Mammalian Cells: Mechanisms and Significance of GSH in Detoxification via Formation of Conjugates. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1953. [PMID: 38001806 PMCID: PMC10669396 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a ubiquitous tripeptide that is biosynthesized in situ at high concentrations (1-5 mM) and involved in the regulation of cellular homeostasis via multiple mechanisms. The main known action of GSH is its antioxidant capacity, which aids in maintaining the redox cycle of cells. To this end, GSH peroxidases contribute to the scavenging of various forms of ROS and RNS. A generally underestimated mechanism of action of GSH is its direct nucleophilic interaction with electrophilic compounds yielding thioether GSH S-conjugates. Many compounds, including xenobiotics (such as NAPQI, simvastatin, cisplatin, and barbital) and intrinsic compounds (such as menadione, leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and dopamine), form covalent adducts with GSH leading mainly to their detoxification. In the present article, we wish to present the key role and significance of GSH in cellular redox biology. This includes an update on the formation of GSH-S conjugates or GSH adducts with emphasis given to the mechanism of reaction, the dependence on GST (GSH S-transferase), where this conjugation occurs in tissues, and its significance. The uncovering of the GSH adducts' formation enhances our knowledge of the human metabolome. GSH-hematin adducts were recently shown to have been formed spontaneously in multiples isomers at hemolysates, leading to structural destabilization of the endogenous toxin, hematin (free heme), which is derived from the released hemoglobin. Moreover, hemin (the form of oxidized heme) has been found to act through the Kelch-like ECH associated protein 1 (Keap1)-nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway as an epigenetic modulator of GSH metabolism. Last but not least, the implications of the genetic defects in GSH metabolism, recorded in hemolytic syndromes, cancer and other pathologies, are presented and discussed under the framework of conceptualizing that GSH S-conjugates could be regarded as signatures of the cellular metabolism in the diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asterios S. Tsiftsoglou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTh), 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
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11
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Chang YC, Lee HL, Yang W, Hsieh ML, Liu CC, Lee TY, Huang JY, Nong JY, Li FA, Chuang HL, Ding ZZ, Su WL, Chueh LY, Tsai YT, Chen CH, Mochly-Rosen D, Chuang LM. A common East-Asian ALDH2 mutation causes metabolic disorders and the therapeutic effect of ALDH2 activators. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5971. [PMID: 37749090 PMCID: PMC10520061 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41570-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and type 2 diabetes have reached pandemic proportion. ALDH2 (acetaldehyde dehydrogenase 2, mitochondrial) is the key metabolizing enzyme of acetaldehyde and other toxic aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal. A missense Glu504Lys mutation of the ALDH2 gene is prevalent in 560 million East Asians, resulting in reduced ALDH2 enzymatic activity. We find that male Aldh2 knock-in mice mimicking human Glu504Lys mutation were prone to develop diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, and fatty liver due to reduced adaptive thermogenesis and energy expenditure. We find reduced activity of ALDH2 of the brown adipose tissue from the male Aldh2 homozygous knock-in mice. Proteomic analyses of the brown adipose tissue from the male Aldh2 knock-in mice identifies increased 4-hydroxynonenal-adducted proteins involved in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and electron transport chain, leading to markedly decreased fatty acid oxidation rate and mitochondrial respiration of brown adipose tissue, which is essential for adaptive thermogenesis and energy expenditure. AD-9308 is a water-soluble, potent, and highly selective ALDH2 activator. AD-9308 treatment ameliorates diet-induced obesity and fatty liver, and improves glucose homeostasis in both male Aldh2 wild-type and knock-in mice. Our data highlight the therapeutic potential of reducing toxic aldehyde levels by activating ALDH2 for metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Lin Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wenjin Yang
- Foresee Pharmaceuticals, Co.Ltd, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Lun Hsieh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cai-Cin Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Yuan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Yong Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jiun-Yi Nong
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Fu-An Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Zhi-Zhong Ding
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Lun Su
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yun Chueh
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Daria Mochly-Rosen
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Lee-Ming Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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12
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Khandelwal M, Krishna G, Ying Z, Gomez-Pinilla F. Liver acts as a metabolic gate for the traumatic brain injury pathology: Protective action of thyroid hormone. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166728. [PMID: 37137432 PMCID: PMC10601893 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Clinical evidence indicates that injury to the brain elicits systemic metabolic disturbances that contributes to the brain pathology. Since dietary fructose is metabolized in the liver, we explored mechanisms by which traumatic brain injury (TBI) and dietary fructose influence liver function and their possible repercussions to brain. Consumption of fructose contributed to the detrimental effects of TBI on liver operation, in terms of glucose and lipid metabolism, de novo lipogenesis, lipid peroxidation. Thyroid hormone (T4) is metabolized in the liver and found that T4 supply improved lipid metabolism by reducing de novo lipogenesis, lipid accumulation, lipogenic enzymes (ACC, AceCS1, FAS), lipid peroxidation in liver in response to fructose and fructose-TBI. T4 supply also helped to normalize glucose metabolism and improve insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, T4 counteracted elevations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, Tnfα and Mcp-1 after TBI and/or fructose intake in liver and circulation. T4 also exerted an effect on isolated primary hepatocytes by potentiating phosphorylation of AMPKα and AKT substrate, AS160, leading to increased glucose uptake. In addition, T4 restored the metabolism of DHA in the liver disrupted by TBI and fructose, adding important information to optimize the action of DHA in therapeutics. The overall evidence seems to indicate that the liver works as a gate for the regulation of the effects of brain injury and foods on brain pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuri Khandelwal
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Gokul Krishna
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zhe Ying
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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13
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Djorgbenoo R, Wang W, Zhu Y, Sang S. Detoxification of the Lipid Peroxidation Aldehyde, 4-Hydroxynonenal, by Apple Phloretin In Vitro and in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37418694 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c01038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) is a secondary cytotoxic product generated from lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The accumulation of 4-HNE can covalently modify biomolecules, such as DNA and proteins, leading to various pathological conditions. Apple phloretin has been shown to be able to trap 4-HNE in vitro, but the trapping mechanisms of 4-HNE by phloretin are not fully understood. Moreover, whether the in vitro trapping efficacy of phloretin toward 4-HNE could be transferred into in vivo environments has never been investigated. In the present study, we observed the formation of 4-HNE conjugates of phloretin increased as phloretin decreased during the in vitro incubation. We then purified and characterized three mono-4-HNE-conjugates of phloretin using NMR and LC-MS/MS techniques. We thereafter demonstrated that apple phloretin could scavenge in vivo 4-HNE via the formation of at least three mono-4-HNE-conjugates of phloretin in a dose-dependent manner in mice after oral administration of three doses of phloretin (25, 100, and 400 mg/kg). The findings from this study pave the way to understanding how dihydrochalcones could act as effective scavengers of 4-HNE by working as sacrificial nucleophiles in vivo, thereby preventing or reducing the risk of 4-HNE-associated chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richmond Djorgbenoo
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Weixin Wang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Yingdong Zhu
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
| | - Shengmin Sang
- Laboratory for Functional Foods and Human Health, Center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, North Carolina Research Campus, 500 Laureate Way, Kannapolis, North Carolina 28081, United States
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14
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Bresgen N, Kovacs M, Lahnsteiner A, Felder TK, Rinnerthaler M. The Janus-Faced Role of Lipid Droplets in Aging: Insights from the Cellular Perspective. Biomolecules 2023; 13:912. [PMID: 37371492 DOI: 10.3390/biom13060912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that nine hallmarks-including mitochondrial dysfunction, epigenetic alterations, and loss of proteostasis-exist that describe the cellular aging process. Adding to this, a well-described cell organelle in the metabolic context, namely, lipid droplets, also accumulates with increasing age, which can be regarded as a further aging-associated process. Independently of their essential role as fat stores, lipid droplets are also able to control cell integrity by mitigating lipotoxic and proteotoxic insults. As we will show in this review, numerous longevity interventions (such as mTOR inhibition) also lead to strong accumulation of lipid droplets in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian cells, just to name a few examples. In mammals, due to the variety of different cell types and tissues, the role of lipid droplets during the aging process is much more complex. Using selected diseases associated with aging, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, we show that lipid droplets are "Janus"-faced. In an early phase of the disease, lipid droplets mitigate the toxicity of lipid peroxidation and protein aggregates, but in a later phase of the disease, a strong accumulation of lipid droplets can cause problems for cells and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaus Bresgen
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Melanie Kovacs
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Angelika Lahnsteiner
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Klaus Felder
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Mark Rinnerthaler
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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15
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Sardelli G, Scali V, Signore G, Balestri F, Cappiello M, Mura U, Del Corso A, Moschini R. Response of a Human Lens Epithelial Cell Line to Hyperglycemic and Oxidative Stress: The Role of Aldose Reductase. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040829. [PMID: 37107204 PMCID: PMC10135174 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A common feature of different types of diabetes is the high blood glucose levels, which are known to induce a series of metabolic alterations, leading to damaging events in different tissues. Among these alterations, both increased polyol pathway flux and oxidative stress are considered to play relevant roles in the response of different cells. In this work, the effect on a human lens epithelial cell line of stress conditions, consisting of exposure to either high glucose levels or to the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, is reported. The occurrence of osmotic imbalance, alterations of glutathione levels, and expression of inflammatory markers was monitored. A common feature of the two stress conditions was the expression of COX-2, which, only in the case of hyperglycemic stress, occurred through NF-κB activation. In our cell model, aldose reductase activity, which is confirmed as the only activity responsible for the osmotic imbalance occurring in hyperglycemic conditions, seemed to have no role in controlling the onset of the inflammatory phenomena. However, it played a relevant role in cellular detoxification against lipid peroxidation products. These results, in confirming the multifactorial nature of the inflammatory phenomena, highlight the dual role of aldose reductase as having both damaging but also protecting activity, depending on stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Sardelli
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Viola Scali
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Signore
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Balestri
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Cappiello
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Umberto Mura
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Del Corso
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2211450
| | - Roberta Moschini
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center Nutrafood “Nutraceuticals and Food for Health”, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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16
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Wang L, Zang M, Zhao X, Cheng X, Li X, Bai J. Lipid oxidation and free radical formation of shrimp (penaeus vannamei) during hot air drying. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01888-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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17
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Kong W, Zhou W, He Z, Zhang X, Li S, Zhong R, Liu J. Polymerized human cord hemoglobin assisted with ascorbic acid as a red blood cell substitute alleviating oxidative stress for blood transfusion. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1151975. [PMID: 36911194 PMCID: PMC9995943 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1151975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Blood transfusion is widely used in clinical settings, where considerable efforts have been devoted to develop red blood cell substitutes to overcome blood shortage and safety concerns. Among the several kinds of artificial oxygen carriers, hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers are promising due to their inherent good oxygen-binding and -loading properties. However, difficulties in prone to oxidation, production of oxidative stress, and injury in organs limited their clinical utility. In this work, we report a red blood cell substitute composed of polymerized human cord hemoglobin (PolyCHb) assisted with ascorbic acid (AA) that alleviates oxidative stress for blood transfusion. Methods: In this study, the in vitro impacts of AA on the PolyCHb were evaluated by testing the circular dichroism, methemoglobin (MetHb) contents and oxygen binding affinity before and after the addition of AA. In the in vivo study, guinea pigs were subjected to a 50% exchange transfusion with PolyCHb and AA co-administration, followed by the collection of blood, urine, and kidney samples. The hemoglobin contents of the urine samples were analyzed, and histopathologic changes, lipid peroxidation, DNA peroxidation, and heme catabolic markers in the kidneys were evaluated. Results: After treating with AA, there was no effect on the secondary structure and oxygen binding affinity of the PolyCHb, while the MetHb content was kept at 55%, which was much lower than that without AA treating. Moreover, the reduction of PolyCHbFe3+ was significantly promoted, and the content of MetHb could be reduced from 100% to 51% within 3 h. In vivo study results showed that PolyCHb assisted with AA inhibited the formation of hemoglobinuria, upgraded the total antioxidant capacity and downgraded the superoxide dismutase activity of kidney tissue, and lowered the expression of biomarkers for oxidative stress, e.g., malondialdehyde (ET vs ET+AA: 4.03±0.26 μmol/mg vs 1.83±0.16 μmol/mg), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (ET vs ET+AA: 0.98±0.07 vs 0.57±0.04), 8-hydroxy 2 deoxyguanosine(ET vs ET+AA: 14.81±1.58 ng/ml vs 10.91±1.36 ng/ml), heme oxygenase 1 (ET vs ET+AA: 1.51±0.08 vs 1.18±0.05) and ferritin (ET vs ET+AA: 1.75±0.09 vs 1.32±0.04). The kidney histopathology results also demonstrated that kidney tissue damage was effectively alleviated. Conclusion: In conclusion, these comprehensive results provide evidence for the potential role of AA in controlling oxidative stress and organ injury in the kidneys induced by PolyCHb, and suggest that PolyCHb assisted with AA has promising application for blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichen Kong
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zeng He
- Hospital of Chengdu Office of People's Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shen Li
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Zhong
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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18
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Anton P, Rutt LN, Twardy SM, McCullough RL. Fatty Acid Ethyl Ethers: New Modulators of Acute Ethanol-Mediated Hepatotoxicity? Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 15:505-506. [PMID: 36435276 PMCID: PMC9880973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Rebecca L McCullough
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, School of Medicine, CU Alcohol Research Program, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
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19
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Role of Oxidative Stress and Lipid Peroxidation in the Pathophysiology of NAFLD. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112217. [PMID: 36358589 PMCID: PMC9686676 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterised by an excess of hepatic fat that can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. The imbalance between lipid uptake/lipogenesis and lipid oxidation/secretion in the liver is a major feature of NAFLD. Given the lack of a non-invasive and reliable methods for the diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), it is important to find serum markers that are capable of discriminating or defining patients with this stage of NASH. Blood samples were obtained from 152 Caucasian subjects with biopsy-proven NAFLD due to persistently elevated liver enzyme levels. Metabolites representative of oxidative stress were assessed. The findings derived from this work revealed that NAFLD patients with a NASH score of ≥ 4 showed significantly higher levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO). Indeed, LPO levels above the optimal operating point (OOP) of 315.39 μM are an independent risk factor for presenting a NASH score of ≥ 4 (OR: 4.71; 95% CI: 1.68−13.19; p = 0.003). The area under the curve (AUC = 0.81, 95% CI = 0.73−0.89, p < 0.001) shows a good discrimination ability of the model. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying the basal inflammation present in these patients is postulated as a possible source of biomarkers and therapeutic targets in NASH.
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Dumarchey A, Lavazec C, Verdier F. Erythropoiesis and Malaria, a Multifaceted Interplay. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112762. [PMID: 36361552 PMCID: PMC9657351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the major pathophysiologies of malaria is the development of anemia. Although hemolysis and splenic clearance are well described as causes of malarial anemia, abnormal erythropoiesis has been observed in malaria patients and may contribute significantly to anemia. The interaction between inadequate erythropoiesis and Plasmodium parasite infection, which partly occurs in the bone marrow, has been poorly investigated to date. However, recent findings may provide new insights. This review outlines clinical and experimental studies describing different aspects of ineffective erythropoiesis and dyserythropoiesis observed in malaria patients and in animal or in vitro models. We also highlight the various human and parasite factors leading to erythropoiesis disorders and discuss the impact that Plasmodium parasites may have on the suppression of erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Dumarchey
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Lavazec
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Frédérique Verdier
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR8104, Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, 75014 Paris, France
- Laboratoire d’Excellence GR-Ex, 75015 Paris, France
- Correspondence:
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21
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Ferroptosis: The Potential Target in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182842. [PMID: 36139417 PMCID: PMC9496758 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently identified cell death characterized by an excessive accumulation of iron-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides. Intracellular iron overload can not only cause damage to macrophages, endothelial cells, and cardiomyocytes through responses such as lipid peroxidation, oxidative stress, and inflammation, but can also affect cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling, impair excitation–contraction coupling, and play an important role in the pathological process of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, the mechanisms through which ferroptosis initiates the development and progression of HFpEF have not been established. This review explains the possible correlations between HFpEF and ferroptosis and provides a reliable theoretical basis for future studies on its mechanism.
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22
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Yang F, Wang C. Site-specific quantitative cysteine profiling with data-independent acquisition-based mass spectrometry. Methods Enzymol 2022; 679:295-322. [PMID: 36682866 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2022.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Chemical proteomics methods, such as activity-based protein profiling, have emerged as powerful and versatile tools to annotate the protein functions and targets of bioactive small molecules in complex biological systems. Incorporated with mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics method, changes of protein activities could be captured and investigated with site-specific precision. However, the semi-stochastic nature of data-dependent acquisition and high cost of the isotopic-labeled reagents make it challenging for chemical biology research to systematically and reproducibly analyze a large number of samples in multidimensional analysis and high-throughput screening. In this chapter, we describe an efficient quantitative chemical proteomic strategy, termed DIA-ABPP, with good reproducibility and high quantification accuracy. Cysteinome profiling was used as a proof-of-concept example with the detailed protocol to demonstrate the workflow of the DIA-ABPP method, including dose-dependent analysis of cysteines that are sensitive to modification by a reactive metabolite, screening of a cysteine-reactive fragment library, and profiling of circadian cysteinome fluctuation. This quantitative chemoproteomic strategy would provide an opportunity for in-depth multi-dimensional chemical proteomic profiling and illuminate the function of bioactive small molecules and proteins in complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chu Wang
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China; Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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23
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Valenta H, Dupré-Crochet S, Abdesselem M, Bizouarn T, Baciou L, Nüsse O, Deniset-Besseau A, Erard M. Consequences of the constitutive NOX2 activity in living cells: Cytosol acidification, apoptosis, and localized lipid peroxidation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2022; 1869:119276. [PMID: 35489654 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2022.119276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The phagocyte NADPH oxidase (NOX2) is a key enzyme of the innate immune system generating superoxide anions (O2•-), precursors of reactive oxygen species. The NOX2 protein complex is composed of six subunits: two membrane proteins (gp91phox and p22phox) forming the catalytic core, three cytosolic proteins (p67phox, p47phox and p40phox) and a small GTPase Rac. The sophisticated activation mechanism of the NADPH oxidase relies on the assembly of cytosolic subunits with the membrane-bound components. A chimeric protein, called 'Trimera', composed of the essential domains of the cytosolic proteins p47phox (aa 1-286), p67phox (aa 1-212) and full-length Rac1Q61L, enables a constitutive and robust NOX2 activity in cells without the need of any stimulus. We employed Trimera as a single activating protein of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase in living cells and examined the consequences on the cell physiology of this continuous and long-term NOX activity. We showed that the sustained high level of NOX activity causes acidification of the intracellular pH, triggers apoptosis and leads to local peroxidation of lipids in the membrane. These local damages to the membrane correlate with the strong tendency of the Trimera to clusterize in the plasma membrane observed by FRET-FLIM microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Valenta
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sophie Dupré-Crochet
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Mouna Abdesselem
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Tania Bizouarn
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Laura Baciou
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Oliver Nüsse
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Ariane Deniset-Besseau
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Marie Erard
- Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR8000, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405 Orsay, France.
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Alonso L, Dorta ML, Alonso A. Ivermectin and curcumin cause plasma membrane rigidity in Leishmania amazonensis due to oxidative stress. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183977. [PMID: 35654148 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.183977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spin label electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to study the mechanisms of action of ivermectin and curcumin against Leishmania (L.) amazonensis promastigotes. EPR spectra showed that treatment of the parasites with both compounds results in plasma membrane rigidity due to oxidative processes. With the IC50 and EPR measurements for assays using different parasite concentrations, estimations could be made for the membrane-water partition coefficient (KM/W), and the concentration of the compound in the membrane (cm50) and in the aqueous phase (cw50), which inhibits cell growth by 50%. The KM/W values indicated that ivermectin has a greater affinity than curcumin for the parasite membrane. Therefore, the activity of ivermectin was higher for experiments with low cell concentrations, but for concentrations greater than 1.5 × 108 parasites/mL the compounds did not show significantly different results. The cm50 values indicated that the concentration of compound in the membrane leading to growth inhibition or membrane alteration is approximately 1 M for both ivermectin and curcumin. This high membrane concentration suggests that many ivermectin molecules per chlorine channel are needed to cause an increase in chlorine ion influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Alonso
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Miriam Leandro Dorta
- Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Publica, Departamento de Imunologia e Patologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Antonio Alonso
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Meng H, Wu J, Shen L, Chen G, Jin L, Yan M, Wan H, He Y. Microwave assisted extraction, characterization of a polysaccharide from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge and its antioxidant effects via ferroptosis-mediated activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:398-412. [PMID: 35718160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
A microwave-assisted extraction procedure for the crude Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides (SMPs) obtained from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge was optimized. Four independent variables were studied: microwave power, extraction time, solvent-to-solid ratio, and concentration of ethanol, with optimal settings of 1200 W, 12 min, 38, and 86 %, respectively. The SMPs were successively purified by DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephadex G-100 chromatography to produce a novel polysaccharide termed SMP1. The SMP1 was composed of glucose, galactose, and fructose in a molar ratio of 1:1.67:1.12 with an average molecular weight of 6087 Da. Pharmacological studies showed that SMP1 protected from OGD/R-induced ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation by activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in PC12 cells. Our research systematically indicated that polysaccharide could inhibit ferroptosis to alleviate oxidative stress injury, which laid the foundation for the future clinical application of Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Meng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Jianjun Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Li Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Guangwei Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Liang Jin
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Mengxia Yan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
| | - Haitong Wan
- School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Yu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
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26
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Jiang YL, Liu HY, Tang MM, Cheng JY, Zhao H, Fu L. Serum Level of 4-Hydroxynonenal in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Potential Biomarker for Severity and Prognosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:798343. [PMID: 35783645 PMCID: PMC9247254 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.798343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundFour-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) exerts a central role in the pathophysiological process of pulmonary diseases. The aim of this project was to evaluate the correlations between serum 4-HNE with severity and prognosis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by a prospective cohort study.Materials and MethodsA total of 239 patients with CAP and healthy volunteers were recruited. Fasting blood was collected. Serum 4-HNE was measured with ELISA. Clinical characteristics and demographic information were obtained. The relationships between serum 4-HNE and clinical characteristics were evaluated through the Spearman or Pearson correlation coefficient. The associations of serum 4-HNE with severity and prognosis were estimated through logistic regression analysis.ResultsOn admission, serum 4-HNE was upregulated in patients with CAP compared with healthy volunteers. Serum 4-HNE was gradually increased in line with CAP scores. Additionally, elderly patients with CAP were more prone to suffer from 4-HNE elevation. Moreover, serum 4-HNE was positively correlated with CAP severity scores. Meanwhile, the poor prognostic outcomes were tracked among patients with CAP. Higher serum 4-HNE on admission increased the risks of mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agent usage, and death in patients with CAP during hospitalization. The predictive powers for severity and death were increased in serum 4-HNE compared with CAP severity scores and inflammatory cytokines.ConclusionSerum 4-HNE on admission is positively correlated with the severity and poor prognosis among patients with CAP, indicating that 4-HNE participates in the pathophysiology of CAP. Serum 4-HNE may be used as an earlier biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in patients with CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Lin Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Bozhou People’s Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Bozhou, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Min-Min Tang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jia-Yi Cheng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Zhao,
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Lin Fu, ,
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Peter Eckl: Research on the Pro-/Antioxidant Balance. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061079. [PMID: 35739976 PMCID: PMC9219729 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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De Fano M, Bartolini D, Tortoioli C, Vermigli C, Malara M, Galli F, Murdolo G. Adipose Tissue Plasticity in Response to Pathophysiological Cues: A Connecting Link between Obesity and Its Associated Comorbidities. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105511. [PMID: 35628322 PMCID: PMC9141504 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipose tissue (AT) is a remarkably plastic and active organ with functional pleiotropism and high remodeling capacity. Although the expansion of fat mass, by definition, represents the hallmark of obesity, the dysregulation of the adipose organ emerges as the forefront of the link between adiposity and its associated metabolic and cardiovascular complications. The dysfunctional fat displays distinct biological signatures, which include enlarged fat cells, low-grade inflammation, impaired redox homeostasis, and cellular senescence. While these events are orchestrated in a cell-type, context-dependent and temporal manner, the failure of the adipose precursor cells to form new adipocytes appears to be the main instigator of the adipose dysregulation, which, ultimately, poses a deleterious milieu either by promoting ectopic lipid overspill in non-adipose targets (i.e., lipotoxicity) or by inducing an altered secretion of different adipose-derived hormones (i.e., adipokines and lipokines). This “adipocentric view” extends the previous “expandability hypothesis”, which implies a reduced plasticity of the adipose organ at the nexus between unhealthy fat expansion and the development of obesity-associated comorbidities. In this review, we will briefly summarize the potential mechanisms by which adaptive changes to variations of energy balance may impair adipose plasticity and promote fat organ dysfunction. We will also highlight the conundrum with the perturbation of the adipose microenvironment and the development of cardio-metabolic complications by focusing on adipose lipoxidation, inflammation and cellular senescence as a novel triad orchestrating the conspiracy to adipose dysfunction. Finally, we discuss the scientific rationale for proposing adipose organ plasticity as a target to curb/prevent adiposity-linked cardio-metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelatonio De Fano
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Misericordia, Ospedale di Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06081 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.F.); (C.T.); (C.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Desirèe Bartolini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Human Anatomy Laboratory, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (D.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Cristina Tortoioli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Misericordia, Ospedale di Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06081 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.F.); (C.T.); (C.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Cristiana Vermigli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Misericordia, Ospedale di Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06081 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.F.); (C.T.); (C.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Massimo Malara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Misericordia, Ospedale di Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06081 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.F.); (C.T.); (C.V.); (M.M.)
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Human Anatomy Laboratory, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (D.B.); (F.G.)
| | - Giuseppe Murdolo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Ospedaliera Santa Maria Misericordia, Ospedale di Perugia, Piazzale Gambuli, 06081 Perugia, Italy; (M.D.F.); (C.T.); (C.V.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-(0)75-578-3301; Fax: +39-75-573-0855
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Du K, Shi J, Cheng S, Hang S, Ding Z, Liu S, Li D. Upregulation of the TFEB-mediated lysosome function relieves 4-Hydroxynonenal-Induced apoptosis. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 362:109963. [PMID: 35550146 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.109963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), the most toxic end-product of lipid peroxidation formed during oxidative stress, has been implicated in many diseases including neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic diseases, myocardial diseases, cancer and age-related diseases. 4-HNE can actively react with DNA, proteins and lipids, causing rapid cell death. The accumulation of 4-HNE leads to induction of autophagy, which clears damaged proteins and organelles. However, the underlying mechanism of 4-HNE-regulated autophagy is still not known. Transcriptional factor EB (TFEB) is a master regulator of lysosomal and autophagic functions, which we show here that TFEB is activated by 4-HNE. 4-HNE induces TFEB nuclear translocation and activated TFEB then upregulates the expression of genes required for autophagic and lysosomal biogenesis and function. Reactive oxygen species and Ca2+ are required in this process and TFEB activity is required for 4-HNE-mediated lysosomal function. Most importantly, genetic inhibition of TFEB (TFEB-KO) exacerbates 4-HNE-induced cell death, suggesting that TFEB is essential for cellular adaptive response to 4-HNE-induced cell damage. Hence, targeting TFEB to promote autophagic and lysosomal function may represent a promising approach to treat neurodegenerative and metabolic diseases in which 4-HNE accumulation has been implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaili Du
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jiahui Shi
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shixue Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Shuqi Hang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zongxian Ding
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Dan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China; Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, 3089 Natural Science Building (Kraus), 830 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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30
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Tang SP, Mao XL, Chen YH, Yan LL, Ye LP, Li SW. Reactive Oxygen Species Induce Fatty Liver and Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Inflammation and Cell Death. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870239. [PMID: 35572532 PMCID: PMC9098816 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver transplantation is the ultimate method for treating end-stage liver disease. With the increasing prevalence of obesity, the number of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver, a common cause of chronic liver disease, is on the rise and may become the main cause of liver transplantation in the future. With the increasing gap between the number of donor livers and patients waiting for liver transplantation and the increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver, the proportion of steatosis livers among non-standard donor organs is also increasing. Ischemia-reperfusion injury has historically been the focus of attention in the liver transplantation process, and severe ischemia-reperfusion injury leads to adverse outcomes of liver transplantation. Studies have shown that the production of reactive oxygen species and subsequent oxidative stress play a key role in the pathogenesis of hepatic ischemia and reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver. Furthermore, the sensitivity of fatty liver transplantation to ischemia-reperfusion injury has been suggested to be related to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. In ischemia-reperfusion injury, Kupffer cell and macrophage activation along with mitochondrial damage and the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system promote marked reactive oxygen species production and the inflammatory response and apoptosis, resulting in liver tissue injury. The increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation products, vicious circle of ROS and oxidative stress along with mitochondrial dysfunction promoted the progress of non-alcoholic fatty liver. In contrast to the non-fatty liver, a non-alcoholic fatty liver produces more reactive oxygen species and suffers more serious oxidative stress when subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We herein review the effects of reactive oxygen species on ischemia-reperfusion injury and non-alcoholic fatty liver injury as well as highlight several treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen-ping Tang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Xin-li Mao
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ya-hong Chen
- Health Management Center, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Ling-ling Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
| | - Li-ping Ye
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-ping Ye, ; Shao-wei Li,
| | - Shao-wei Li
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Taizhou Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- Institute of Digestive Disease, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, China
- *Correspondence: Li-ping Ye, ; Shao-wei Li,
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31
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Zhu W, Feng D, Shi X, Wei Q, Yang L. The Potential Role of Mitochondrial Acetaldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 in Urological Cancers From the Perspective of Ferroptosis and Cellular Senescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:850145. [PMID: 35517510 PMCID: PMC9065557 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.850145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superlative lipid peroxidation promote tumorigenesis, and mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is associated with the detoxification of ROS-mediated lipid peroxidation-generated reactive aldehydes such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde, and acrolein due to tobacco smoking. ALDH2 has been demonstrated to be highly associated with the prognosis and chemoradiotherapy sensitivity of many types of cancer, including leukemia, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, hepatocellular cancer, pancreatic cancer, and ovarian cancer. In this study, we explored the possible relationship between ALDH2 and urological cancers from the aspects of ferroptosis, epigenetic alterations, proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiang Wei
- *Correspondence: Qiang Wei, ; Lu Yang,
| | - Lu Yang
- *Correspondence: Qiang Wei, ; Lu Yang,
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32
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Yang F, Jia G, Guo J, Liu Y, Wang C. Quantitative Chemoproteomic Profiling with Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Mass Spectrometry. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:901-911. [PMID: 34986311 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) has emerged as a powerful and versatile tool to enable annotation of protein functions and discovery of targets of bioactive ligands in complex biological systems. It utilizes chemical probes to covalently label functional sites in proteins so that they can be enriched for mass spectrometry (MS)-based quantitative proteomics analysis. However, the semistochastic nature of data-dependent acquisition and high cost associated with isotopically encoded quantification reagents compromise the power of ABPP in multidimensional analysis and high-throughput screening, when a large number of samples need to be quantified in parallel. Here, we combine the data-independent acquisition (DIA) MS with ABPP to develop an efficient label-free quantitative chemical proteomic method, DIA-ABPP, with good reproducibility and high accuracy for high-throughput quantification. We demonstrated the power of DIA-ABPP for comprehensive profiling of functional cysteineome in three distinct applications, including dose-dependent quantification of cysteines' sensitivity toward a reactive metabolite, screening of ligandable cysteines with a covalent fragment library, and profiling of cysteinome fluctuation in circadian clock cycles. DIA-ABPP will open new opportunities for in-depth and multidimensional profiling of functional proteomes and interactions with bioactive small molecules in complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Guogeng Jia
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiuzhou Guo
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chu Wang
- Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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de Almeida Torres R, de Almeida Torres R, Luchini A, Anjos Ferreira A. The oxidative and inflammatory nature of age-related macular degeneration. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OPHTHALMOLOGY AND RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jcor.jcor_268_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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34
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Alonso L, Menegatti R, Dorta ML, Alonso A. Plasma membrane rigidity effects of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in Leishmania, erythrocyte and macrophage. Toxicol In Vitro 2021; 79:105294. [PMID: 34896601 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) is a reactive aldehyde produced by cells under conditions of oxidative stress, which has been shown to react with proteins and phosphatidylethanolamine in biological membranes. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of a spin label it was demonstrated that 2 h of treatment with HNE causes membrane rigidity in promastigotes of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis, J774.A1 macrophages and erythrocytes. Remarkable fluidity-reducing effects on the parasite membrane were observed at HNE concentrations approximately 4-fold lower than in the case of erythrocyte and macrophage membranes. Autofluorescence of the parasites in PBS suspension (1 × 107 cell/mL) with excitation at 354 nm showed a linear increase of intensity in the range of 400 to 600 nm over 3 h after treatment with 30 μM HNE. Parasite ghosts prepared after this period of HNE treatment showed a high degree of membrane rigidity. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) in PBS treated with HNE for 2 h showed an increase in molecular dynamics and suffered a decrease in its ability to bind a lipid probe. In addition, the antiproliferative activity of L. amazonensis promastigotes, macrophage cytotoxicity and hemolytic potential were assessed for HNE. An IC50 of 24 μM was found, which was a concentration > 10 times lower than the cytotoxic and hemolytic concentrations of HNE. These results indicate that the action of HNE has high selectivity indices for the parasite as opposed to the macrophage and erythrocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lais Alonso
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Menegatti
- Medical Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Miriam Leandro Dorta
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Department of Immunology and General Pathology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Antonio Alonso
- Institute of Physics, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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Demirci-Çekiç S, Özkan G, Avan AN, Uzunboy S, Çapanoğlu E, Apak R. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114477. [PMID: 34920302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced during normal metabolism in human body. These species can be both radical and non-radical and have varying degrees of reactivity. Although they have some important functions in the human body, such as contributing to signal transmission and the immune system, their presence must be balanced by the antioxidant defense system. The human body has an excellent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system in addition to different non-enzymatic antioxidants having small molecular masses. An extrinsic source of antioxidants are foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, mostly rich in polyphenols. When the delicate biochemical balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed in favor of oxidants, "oxidative stress" conditions emerge, under which reactive species can cause oxidative damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and DNA. This oxidative damage is often associated with cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Because reactive species are extremely short-lived, it is almost impossible to measure their concentrations directly. Although there are certain methods such as ESR / EPR that serve this purpose, they have some disadvantages and are quite costly systems. Therefore, products generated from oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA are often used to quantify the extent of oxidative damage rather than direct measurement of reactive species. These oxidative damage products are usually known as biomarkers. Determination of the concentrations of these biomarkers and changes in the concentration of protective antioxidants can provide useful information for avoiding certain diseases and keep healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Demirci-Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Neslihan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Uzunboy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Vedat Dalokay St. No. 112, Cankaya, 06670 Ankara, Turkey.
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Ravichandran A, Clegg J, Adams MN, Hampson M, Fielding A, Bray LJ. 3D Breast Tumor Models for Radiobiology Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5714. [PMID: 34830869 PMCID: PMC8616164 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13225714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer-associated death in women. The clinical management of breast cancers is normally carried out using a combination of chemotherapy, surgery and radiation therapy. The majority of research investigating breast cancer therapy until now has mainly utilized two-dimensional (2D) in vitro cultures or murine models of disease. However, there has been significant uptake of three-dimensional (3D) in vitro models by cancer researchers over the past decade, highlighting a complimentary model for studies of radiotherapy, especially in conjunction with chemotherapy. In this review, we underline the effects of radiation therapy on normal and malignant breast cells and tissues, and explore the emerging opportunities that pre-clinical 3D models offer in improving our understanding of this treatment modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilandeshwari Ravichandran
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (A.R.); (J.C.); (M.H.)
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - Julien Clegg
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (A.R.); (J.C.); (M.H.)
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - Mark N. Adams
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
| | - Madison Hampson
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (A.R.); (J.C.); (M.H.)
| | - Andrew Fielding
- School of Chemistry and Physics, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
| | - Laura J. Bray
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia; (A.R.); (J.C.); (M.H.)
- ARC Training Centre for Cell and Tissue Engineering Technologies, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia;
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Lavrova AV, Gretskaya NM, Bezuglov VV. Role of Oxidative Stress in the Etiology of Parkinson’s Disease: Advanced Therapeutic Products. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162021050307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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de Freitas FA, Levy D, Zarrouk A, Lizard G, Bydlowski SP. Impact of Oxysterols on Cell Death, Proliferation, and Differentiation Induction: Current Status. Cells 2021; 10:cells10092301. [PMID: 34571949 PMCID: PMC8468221 DOI: 10.3390/cells10092301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysterols are oxidized derivatives of cholesterol produced by enzymatic activity or non-enzymatic pathways (auto-oxidation). The oxidation processes lead to the synthesis of about 60 different oxysterols. Several oxysterols have physiological, pathophysiological, and pharmacological activities. The effects of oxysterols on cell death processes, especially apoptosis, autophagy, necrosis, and oxiapoptophagy, as well as their action on cell proliferation, are reviewed here. These effects, also observed in several cancer cell lines, could potentially be useful in cancer treatment. The effects of oxysterols on cell differentiation are also described. Among them, the properties of stimulating the osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells while inhibiting adipogenic differentiation may be useful in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio Alessandro de Freitas
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil (D.L.)
| | - Débora Levy
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil (D.L.)
| | - Amira Zarrouk
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Monastir, LR12ES05, Lab-NAFS ‘Nutrition—Functional Food & Vascular Health’, Monastir, Tunisia & Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse 5000, Tunisia;
| | - Gérard Lizard
- Team ‘Biochemistry of the Peroxisome, Inflammation and Lipid Metabolism’ EA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale—Inserm, 7270 Dijon, France;
| | - Sérgio Paulo Bydlowski
- Lipids, Oxidation and Cell Biology Team, Laboratory of Immunology (LIM19), Heart Institute (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-900, Brazil (D.L.)
- National Institute of Science and Technology in Regenerative Medicine (INCT-Regenera), CNPq, Rio de Janeiro 21941-902, Brazil
- Correspondence:
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Skorokhod O, Barrera V, Mandili G, Costanza F, Valente E, Ulliers D, Schwarzer E. Malaria Pigment Hemozoin Impairs GM-CSF Receptor Expression and Function by 4-Hydroxynonenal. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10081259. [PMID: 34439507 PMCID: PMC8389202 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Malarial pigment hemozoin (HZ) generates the lipoperoxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), which is known to cause dysregulation of the immune response in malaria. The inhibition of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-dependent differentiation of dendritic cells (DC) by HZ and 4-HNE was previously described in vitro, and the GM-CSF receptor (GM-CSF R) was hypothesised to be a primary target of 4-HNE in monocytes. In this study, we show the functional impact of HZ on GM-CSF R in monocytes and monocyte-derived DC by (i) impairing GM-CSF binding by 50 ± 9% and 65 ± 14%, respectively (n = 3 for both cell types); (ii) decreasing the expression of GM-CSF R functional subunit (CD116) on monocyte’s surface by 36 ± 11% (n = 6) and in cell lysate by 58 ± 16% (n = 3); and (iii) binding of 4-HNE to distinct amino acid residues on CD116. The data suggest that defective DC differentiation in malaria is caused by GM-CSF R dysregulation and GM-CSF R modification by lipoperoxidation product 4-HNE via direct interaction with its CD116 subunit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Skorokhod
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Valentina Barrera
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
- National Health System Blood and Transplant, 14 Estuary Banks, Liverpool GB-L24 8RB, UK
| | - Giorgia Mandili
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
| | - Federica Costanza
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Valente
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
| | - Daniela Ulliers
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
| | - Evelin Schwarzer
- Department of Oncology, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.B.); (G.M.); (F.C.); (E.V.); (D.U.); (E.S.)
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Pambianchi E, Pecorelli A, Valacchi G. Gastrointestinal tissue as a "new" target of pollution exposure. IUBMB Life 2021; 74:62-73. [PMID: 34289226 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Airborne pollution has become a leading cause of global death in industrialized cities and the exposure to environmental pollutants has been demonstrated to have adverse effects on human health. Among the pollutants, particulate matter (PM) is one of the most toxic and although its exposure has been more commonly correlated with respiratory diseases, gastrointestinal (GI) complications have also been reported as a consequence to PM exposure. Due to its composition, PM is able to exert on intestinal mucosa both direct damaging effects, (by reaching it either via direct ingestion of contaminated food and water or indirect inhalation and consequent macrophagic mucociliary clearance) and indirect ones via generation of systemic inflammation. The relationship between respiratory and GI conditions is well described by the lung-gut axis and more recently, has become even clearer during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, when respiratory symptoms were associated with gastrointestinal conditions. This review aims at pointing out the mechanisms and the models used to evaluate PM induced GI tract damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
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Comparison between In Vitro Chemical and Ex Vivo Biological Assays to Evaluate Antioxidant Capacity of Botanical Extracts. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10071136. [PMID: 34356369 PMCID: PMC8301118 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The anti-oxidative activity of plant-derived extracts is well-known and confers health-promoting effects on functional foods and food supplements. Aim of this work is to evaluate the capability of two different assays to predict the real biological antioxidant efficiency. At this purpose, extracts from five different plant-derived matrices and commercial purified phytochemicals were analyzed for their anti-oxidative properties by using well-standardized in vitro chemical method (TEAC) and an ex vivo biological assay. The biological assay, a cellular membrane system obtained from erythrocytes of healthy volunteers, is based on the capability of phytochemicals treatment to prevent membrane lipid peroxidation under oxidative stress by UV-B radiation. Plant extracts naturally rich in phenols with different structure and purified phytochemicals showed different in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant capacities. A high correlation between phenolic contents of the plant-derived extracts and their ability to prevent oxidative injuries in a biological system was found, thus underlying the relevance of this class of metabolites in preventing oxidative stress. On the other hand, a low correlation between the antioxidant capacities was shown between in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant assay. Moreover, data presented in this work show how food complex matrices are more effective in preventing oxidative damages at biological level than pure phytochemicals, even if for these latter, the antioxidant activity was generally higher than that observed for food complex matrices.
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Jukić I, Kolobarić N, Stupin A, Matić A, Kozina N, Mihaljević Z, Mihalj M, Šušnjara P, Stupin M, Ćurić ŽB, Selthofer-Relatić K, Kibel A, Lukinac A, Kolar L, Kralik G, Kralik Z, Széchenyi A, Jozanović M, Galović O, Medvidović-Kosanović M, Drenjančević I. Carnosine, Small but Mighty-Prospect of Use as Functional Ingredient for Functional Food Formulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1037. [PMID: 34203479 PMCID: PMC8300828 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10071037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is present in all vertebrates. Carnosine has a number of beneficial antioxidant properties. For example, carnosine scavenges reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes created by peroxidation of fatty acid cell membranes during oxidative stress. Carnosine can oppose glycation, and it can chelate divalent metal ions. Carnosine alleviates diabetic nephropathy by protecting podocyte and mesangial cells, and can slow down aging. Its component, the amino acid beta-alanine, is particularly interesting as a dietary supplement for athletes because it increases muscle carnosine, and improves effectiveness of exercise and stimulation and contraction in muscles. Carnosine is widely used among athletes in the form of supplements, but rarely in the population of cardiovascular or diabetic patients. Much less is known, if any, about its potential use in enriched food. In the present review, we aimed to provide recent knowledge on carnosine properties and distribution, its metabolism (synthesis and degradation), and analytical methods for carnosine determination, since one of the difficulties is the measurement of carnosine concentration in human samples. Furthermore, the potential mechanisms of carnosine's biological effects in musculature, metabolism and on immunomodulation are discussed. Finally, this review provides a section on carnosine supplementation in the form of functional food and potential health benefits and up to the present, neglected clinical use of carnosine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Jukić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nikolina Kolobarić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Ana Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Pathophysiology, Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 10E, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Matić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Nataša Kozina
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Zrinka Mihaljević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Martina Mihalj
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital Osijek, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Petar Šušnjara
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
| | - Marko Stupin
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Željka Breškić Ćurić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, General Hospital Vinkovci, Zvonarska 57, HR-32100 Vinkovci, Croatia
| | - Kristina Selthofer-Relatić
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
- Department for Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Kibel
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department for Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anamarija Lukinac
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Clinical Immunology and Allergology, Clinical Hospital Center Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Luka Kolar
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Vukovar General Hospital, HR-32000 Vukovar, Croatia
| | - Gordana Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Nutricin j.d.o.o. Darda, HR-31326 Darda, Croatia
| | - Zlata Kralik
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Animal Production and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Jozanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Olivera Galović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Martina Medvidović-Kosanović
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
- Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Cara Hadrijana 8/A, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ines Drenjančević
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (I.J.); (N.K.); (A.S.); (A.M.); (N.K.); (Z.M.); (M.M.); (P.Š.); (M.S.); (A.K.)
- Scientific Center of Excellence for Personalized Health Care, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; (Ž.B.Ć.); (K.S.-R.); (A.L.); (L.K.); (G.K.); (Z.K.); (A.S.); (M.J.); (O.G.); (M.M.-K.)
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Yuan ZH, Liu T, Wang H, Xue LX, Wang JJ. Fatty Acids Metabolism: The Bridge Between Ferroptosis and Ionizing Radiation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:675617. [PMID: 34249928 PMCID: PMC8264768 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.675617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure of tumor cells to ionizing radiation (IR) alters the microenvironment, particularly the fatty acid (FA) profile and activity. Moreover, abnormal FA metabolism, either catabolism or anabolism, is essential for synthesizing biological membranes and delivering molecular signals to induce ferroptotic cell death. The current review focuses on the bistable regulation characteristics of FA metabolism and explains how FA catabolism and anabolism pathway crosstalk harmonize different ionizing radiation-regulated ferroptosis responses, resulting in pivotal cell fate decisions. In summary, targeting key molecules involved in lipid metabolism and ferroptosis may amplify the tumor response to IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-hui Yuan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Liu
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Li-xiang Xue
- Center of Basic Medical Research, Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Biobank, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jun-jie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Yuan Y, Zhai Y, Chen J, Xu X, Wang H. Kaempferol Ameliorates Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Neuronal Ferroptosis by Activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 Axis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:923. [PMID: 34206421 PMCID: PMC8301948 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kaempferol has been shown to protect cells against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of apoptosis. In the present study, we sought to investigate whether ferroptosis is involved in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal injury and the effects of kaempferol on ferroptosis in OGD/R-treated neurons. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze ferroptosis, whereas cell death was detected using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. We found that OGD/R attenuated SLC7A11 and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) levels as well as decreased endogenous antioxidants including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), glutathione (GSH), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in neurons. Notably, OGD/R enhanced the accumulation of lipid peroxidation, leading to the induction of ferroptosis in neurons. However, kaempferol activated nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling, augmented antioxidant capacity, and suppressed the accumulation of lipid peroxidation in OGD/R-treated neurons. Furthermore, kaempferol significantly reversed OGD/R-induced ferroptosis. Nevertheless, inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 blocked the protective effects of kaempferol on antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis in OGD/R-treated neurons. These results suggest that ferroptosis may be a significant cause of cell death associated with OGD/R. Kaempferol provides protection from OGD/R-induced ferroptosis partly by activating Nrf2/SLC7A11/GPX4 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (X.X.)
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Lei L, Zhang J, Decker EA, Zhang G. Roles of Lipid Peroxidation-Derived Electrophiles in Pathogenesis of Colonic Inflammation and Colon Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:665591. [PMID: 34079800 PMCID: PMC8165272 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.665591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox stress is a common feature of gut disorders such as colonic inflammation (inflammatory bowel disease or IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). This leads to increased colonic formation of lipid-derived electrophiles (LDEs) such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), malondialdehyde (MDA), trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), and epoxyketooctadecenoic acid (EKODE). Recent research by us and others support that treatment with LDEs increases the severity of colitis and exacerbates the development of colon tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo, supporting a critical role of these compounds in the pathogenesis of IBD and CRC. In this review, we will discuss the effects and mechanisms of LDEs on development of IBD and CRC and lifestyle factors, which could potentially affect tissue levels of LDEs to regulate IBD and CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Lei
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Eric A Decker
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States.,Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
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4-Hydroxynonenal Contributes to Fibroblast Senescence in Skin Photoaging Evoked by UV-A Radiation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030365. [PMID: 33670907 PMCID: PMC7997366 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Solar ultraviolet A (UV-A) radiation promotes a huge variety of damages on connective tissues and dermal fibroblasts, including cellular senescence, a major contributor of skin photoaging. The mechanisms of skin photoaging evoked by UV-A partly involve the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. We previously reported that 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), a lipid peroxidation-derived aldehyde, forms adducts on elastin in the skins of UV-A irradiated hairless mice, possibly contributing to actinic elastosis. In the present study, we investigated whether and how HNE promotes fibroblast senescence in skin photoaging. Dermal fibroblasts of skins from UV-A-exposed hairless mice exhibited an increased number of γH2AX foci characteristic of cell senescence, together with an accumulation of HNE adducts partly colocalizing with the cytoskeletal protein vimentin. Murine fibroblasts exposed to UV-A radiation (two cycles of 15 J/cm2), or HNE (30 µM, 4 h), exhibited senescence patterns characterized by an increased γH2AX foci expression, an accumulation of acetylated proteins, and a decreased expression of the sirtuin SIRT1. HNE adducts were detected on vimentin in cultured fibroblasts irradiated by UV-A or incubated with HNE. The HNE scavenger carnosine prevented both vimentin modification and fibroblast senescence evoked by HNE in vitro and in the skins of UV-A-exposed mice. Altogether, these data emphasize the role of HNE and lipid peroxidation-derived aldehydes in fibroblast senescence, and confirm the protective effect of carnosine in skin photoaging.
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Wang QQ, Han S, Li XX, Yuan R, Zhuo Y, Chen X, Zhang C, Chen Y, Gao H, Zhao LC, Yang S. Nuezhenide Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Activity through the NF-κB Pathway. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2021; 14:101-111. [PMID: 32525787 PMCID: PMC8778660 DOI: 10.2174/1874467213666200611141337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuezhenide (NZD), an iridoid glycoside isolated from Ilex pubescens Hook. & Arn. var. kwangsiensis Hand.-Mazz., used as a traditional Chinese medicine for clearing away heat and toxic materials, displays a variety of biological activities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, and other life-protecting activities. However, a few studies involving anti-inflammatory activity and the mechanism of NZD have also been reported. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of NZD are illustrated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to test the hypothesis that NZD suppresses LPS-induced inflammation by targeting the NF-κB pathway in RAW264.7 cells. METHODS LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were employed to detect the effect of NZD on the release of cytokines by ELISA. Protein expression levels of related molecular markers were quantitated by western blot analysis. The levels of ROS, NO, and Ca2+ were detected by flow cytometry. The changes in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were observed and verified by fluorescence microscopy. Using immunofluorescence assay, the translocation of NF-κB/p65 from the cytoplasm into the nucleus was determined by confocal microscopy. RESULTS NZD exhibited anti-inflammatory activity and reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines such as nitrite, TNF-α, and IL-6. NZD suppressed the expression of the phosphorylated proteins like IKKα/β, IκBα, and p65. Besides, the flow cytometry results indicated that NZD inhibited the levels of ROS, NO, and Ca2+ in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. JC-1 assay data showed that NZD reversed LPS-induced MMP loss. Furthermore, NZD suppressed LPS-induced NF-B/p65 translocation from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. CONCLUSION NZD exhibits anti-inflammatory effects through the NF-κB pathway on RAW264.7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Qin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Shan Han
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Xin-Xing Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Renyikun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Youqiong Zhuo
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Xinxin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Chenwei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Yangling Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Hongwei Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Li-Chun Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
| | - Shilin Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, China
- Guangxi Engineering Technology Research Center of Advantage Chinese Patent Drug and Ethnic Drug Development, Nanning, 530200
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Keller J, Chevolleau S, Noguer-Meireles MH, Pujos-Guillot E, Delosière M, Chantelauze C, Joly C, Blas-y-Estrada F, Jouanin I, Durand D, Pierre F, Debrauwer L, Theodorou V, Guéraud F. Heme-Iron-Induced Production of 4-Hydroxynonenal in Intestinal Lumen May Have Extra-Intestinal Consequences through Protein-Adduct Formation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9121293. [PMID: 33348697 PMCID: PMC7766870 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Some epidemiological studies show that heme iron consumption, in red meat, is associated to the development of several chronic diseases, including cancers and cardio-metabolic diseases. As heme iron intestinal absorption is finely regulated, we hypothesized that heme iron may act indirectly, through the peroxidation of dietary lipids, in food or in the intestinal lumen during digestion. This heme-iron-induced lipid peroxidation provokes the generation of toxic lipid oxidation products that could be absorbed, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE). In a first experiment, heme iron given to rats by oral gavage together with the linoleic-acid-rich safflower oil induced the formation of HNE in the intestinal lumen. The HNE major urinary metabolite was elevated in the urine of the treated rats, indicating that this compound has been absorbed. In a second experiment, we showed that stable isotope-labeled HNE given orally to rats was able to reach non-intestinal tissues as a bioactive form and to make protein-adducts in heart, liver and skeletal muscle tissues. The presence of HNE-protein adducts in those tissues suggests a putative biological role of diet-originating HNE in extra-intestinal organs. This finding could have major consequences on the onset/development of chronic diseases associated with red meat over-consumption, and more largely to peroxidation-prone food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Keller
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Sylvie Chevolleau
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Maria-Helena Noguer-Meireles
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Estelle Pujos-Guillot
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d’Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB, Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.-G.); (C.J.)
| | - Mylène Delosière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMRH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (C.C.); (D.D.)
| | - Céline Chantelauze
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMRH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (C.C.); (D.D.)
| | - Charlotte Joly
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Plateforme d’Exploration du Métabolisme, MetaboHUB, Clermont, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (E.P.-G.); (C.J.)
| | - Florence Blas-y-Estrada
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Isabelle Jouanin
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Denys Durand
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMRH, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France; (M.D.); (C.C.); (D.D.)
| | - Fabrice Pierre
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
- Metatoul-AXIOM Platform, National Infrastructure for Metabolomics and Fluxomics, MetaboHUB, Toxalim, INRAE, F-31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Vassilia Theodorou
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
| | - Françoise Guéraud
- Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse University, INRAE UMR 1331, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, F-31300 Toulouse, France; (J.K.); (S.C.); (M.-H.N.-M.); (F.B.-y-E.); (I.J.); (F.P.); (L.D.); (V.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-582-06-63-06
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Expression of 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the Kidneys of Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice. J Trop Med 2020; 2020:8813654. [PMID: 33149743 PMCID: PMC7603615 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8813654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complications of severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria, but the exact pathogenic mechanisms of AKI in P. falciparum infection have not been clearly elucidated. We hypothesized that oxidative stress is a potential mediator of acute tubular necrosis in P. falciparum-infected kidneys. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the histopathological changes and markers of oxidative stress in kidney tissues from mice with experimental malaria. DBA/2 mice were divided into two groups: the mice in the malaria-infected group (n = 10) were intraperitoneally injected with 1 × 106P. berghei ANKA-infected red blood cells, and the mice in the control group (n = 10) were intraperitoneally injected with a single dose of 0.85% normal saline. Kidney sections were collected and used for histopathological examination and the investigation of 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression through immunohistochemistry staining. The histopathology study revealed that the P. berghei-infected kidneys exhibited a greater area of tubular necrosis than those of the control group (p < 0.05). The positive staining scores for 4-HNE and HO-1 expression in tubular epithelial cells of the P. berghei-infected group were significantly higher than those found for the control group (p < 0.05). In addition, significant positive correlations were found between the tubular necrosis score and the positive staining scores for 4-HNE and HO-1 in the kidneys from the P. berghei-infected group. In conclusion, this finding demonstrates that increased expression of 4-HNE and HO-1 might be involved in the pathogenesis of acute tubular damage in the kidneys during malaria infection. Our results provide new insights into the pathogenesis of malaria-associated AKI and might provide guidelines for the future development of a therapeutic intervention for malaria.
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Geib T, Iacob C, Jribi R, Fernandes J, Benderdour M, Sleno L. Identification of 4-hydroxynonenal-modified proteins in human osteoarthritic chondrocytes. J Proteomics 2020; 232:104024. [PMID: 33122130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The α,β-unsaturated aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) is formed through lipid peroxidation during oxidative stress. As a highly reactive electrophile, it is able to form adducts with various biomolecules, including proteins. These protein modifications could modulate many signaling pathways, as well as cell differentiation and proliferation, and thus could be highly important in the context of the extracellular matrix and degradation of articular cartilage. This study specifically investigated the role of HNE as a bioactive molecule in chondrocytes of osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Chondrocyte extracts of OA and non-OA patients were analyzed for HNE binding using Western blot and bottom-up LC-MS/MS analyses. HNE-modified histones, H2A and H2B, and histone deacetylase were identified using anti-HNE antibodies. Furthermore, peptide sequencing and database searching revealed 95 distinct HNE-modified proteins and their exact modification sites, with 88 protein adducts being unique to OA chondrocytes. HNE-proteins of specific interest included histone H2A, H2B and H4, collagen alpha-3(VI) chain, eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-I, and nucleolar RNA helicase 2. Comparing their MS/MS spectra to those of HNE-modified standard peptides further validated the six HNE-proteins. SIGNIFICANCE: HNE binding to proteins has been shown to result in multiple abnormalities of chondrocyte phenotype and function, suggesting its contribution in OA development. Considering the increased levels of HNE in OA cartilage, this reactive aldehyde could play a role in OA. This work represents a clinically-relevant in vivo study to demonstrate the pathophysiological role of HNE in human OA. Since HNE binding can alter protein conformation and function, it remains highly relevant to study the effects of this modification in OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Geib
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cristiana Iacob
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Rihab Jribi
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Julio Fernandes
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mohamed Benderdour
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur, University of Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Lekha Sleno
- Chemistry Department, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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