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Panting EN, Weight JH, Sartori JA, Coall DA, Smith JT. The role of placental kisspeptin in trophoblast invasion and migration: an assessment in Kiss1r knockout mice, BeWo cell lines and human term placenta. Reprod Fertil Dev 2024; 36:RD23230. [PMID: 38976640 DOI: 10.1071/rd23230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Context There is mounting evidence implicating kisspeptin signalling in placental development and function. Aims This study aimed to elucidate kisspeptin's role in trophoblast invasion and migration using three experimental models. Methods First, we examined the mouse fetus and placenta in a kisspeptin receptor (Kiss1r) knockout (KO) model. Fetal/placental weights and gene expression (quantitative polymerase chain reaction) were assessed. Second, we determined kisspeptin effects on a human trophoblast (BeWo) cell line in vitro . Third, we examined KISS1 and KISS1R gene expression in human placenta from term and pre-term pregnancies. Key results No difference was found in fetal or placental weight between Kiss1r KO and wildtype mice. However, expression of the trophoblast invasion marker, Mmp2 mRNA, was greater in the placental labyrinth zone of Kiss1r KO mice. BeWo cell models of villus cytotrophoblast and syncytiotrophoblast cells exhibited kisspeptin protein expression, with greater expression in syncytiotrophoblast, consistent with KISS1 mRNA. Kisspeptin treatment inhibited the migratory potential of cytotrophoblast-like cells. Finally, while no difference was seen in KISS1 and KISS1R mRNA between term and pre-term placentas, we saw a difference in the relative expression of each gene pre-term. We also observed a positive correlation between KISS1 expression and maternal body mass index. Conclusions Our results indicate that kisspeptin may inhibit trophoblast invasion. Implications Further investigation is required to clarify specific regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- E N Panting
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - J H Weight
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - J A Sartori
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - D A Coall
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia
| | - J T Smith
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
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Chen J, Yang L, Chen Y, Yuan W, Chen Y, Liang H, Miao M, He G, Wang Z. Associations between maternal urinary kisspeptin in late pregnancy and decreased fetal growth: a pregnancy-birth cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1257248. [PMID: 38318290 PMCID: PMC10839029 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1257248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Kisspeptin has been indicated to be a biomarker of fetal growth. Although some evidence suggested that maternal kisspeptin concentrations in early pregnancy were associated with increased fetal growth, studies are still limited and the effect of kisspeptin in late pregnancy remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between maternal kisspeptin in late pregnancy and fetal growth. Methods Based on the Shanghai-Minhang Birth Cohort study, 724 mother-neonate pairs were included in this study. We measured maternal kisspeptin concentrations in the urine samples collected in late pregnancy and neonatal anthropometric indices at birth. The associations between maternal kisspeptin and neonatal anthropometry were investigated using multiple linear regression models. Results Higher maternal urinary kisspeptin concentrations were associated with lower neonatal birth weight, head circumference, upper arm circumference, abdominal skinfold thickness, triceps skinfold thickness, and back skinfold thickness. The inverse associations were more pronounced for the highest kisspeptin levels versus the lowest. These patterns were consistent in analyses stratified by neonatal sex, with notably stable associations between maternal kisspeptin concentrations and skinfold thickness. Conclusion The present study suggested that maternal kisspeptin concentrations in late pregnancy might be inversely associated with fetal growth. The physiological mechanisms of maternal kisspeptin might differ from those in early pregnancy. Further studies are required to assess associations between maternal kisspeptin and energy homeostasis and explore the physiological roles of kisspeptin in late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxian Chen
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yafei Chen
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yuan
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Maohua Miao
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
| | - Gengsheng He
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziliang Wang
- Shanghai-MOST Key Laboratory of Health and Disease Genomics, NHC Key Lab of Reproduction Regulation, Shanghai Institute for Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Shanghai, China
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Abdelkareem AO, Iews MS, Ait-Allah AS, Rasheed SM, Helmy YA, Habte R, Abdelhafez FF, Bedaiwy MA. Immunohistochemistry of Leukemia Inhibitory Factor and Integrin αVβ3 in Mouse Endometrium Following Kisspeptin-54 Ovulation Trigger. Reprod Sci 2023; 30:3084-3091. [PMID: 37126206 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-023-01243-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptin (KP) is a group of hypothalamic neuropeptides encoded by KISS-1 gene. KP-54, a 54-amino-acid peptide, helps regulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis and plays a potential role in implantation. C57BL/6 J female mice were superovulated via intraperitoneal injection of 5 International Units (IU) pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (day 1). Forty-eight hours later, mice (5/group) were injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (group A), 5 IU human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (group B), or 3 nmol KP-54 (group C). On day 7, mice were euthanized and uteri excised to create paraformaldehyde-fixed paraffin-embedded sections that were immunostained for the implantation markers: leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and integrin αVβ3 (ITG αVβ3). Slides were scored for intensity of staining in endometrial glandular epithelium (GE) and stromal cells (SCs) via histoscore (H-score). Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test followed by the Mann-Whitney U test for pairwise comparisons. LIF expression was significantly higher in GE and SCs of mice triggered with KP-54 compared to placebo (P = .009 for both), but only higher than hCG trigger group in SCs (P = .009). Meanwhile, ITG αVβ3 expression was significantly higher in SCs of mice triggered with KP-54 compared to placebo (P = .028). In conclusion, using KP-54 as an ovulation trigger resulted in higher expression of the implantation markers LIF and ITG αVβ3 in mice endometrium compared to hCG or placebo. This suggests a potential role for KP-54 trigger in improving embryo implantation in clinical IVF. However, further studies are needed to correlate these results with clinical implantation rates and pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amr O Abdelkareem
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S Iews
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Abdou S Ait-Allah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Salah M Rasheed
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Yasser A Helmy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ruth Habte
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Faten F Abdelhafez
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Bedaiwy
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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Zhang J, Jin L, Kong L, Nie L, Yuan D. Physiological and pathological roles of locally expressed kisspeptin and KISS1R in the endometrium. Hum Reprod 2023:7146150. [PMID: 37105233 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins, encoded by the KISS1 gene, are a family of polypeptides that bind the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) to perform biological functions. Produced mainly in the hypothalamus, these neuropeptides regulate the pulsatile secretion of GnRH and trigger the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis. Other peripheral organs also express kisspeptin, which inhibits metastasis. Kisspeptin and KISS1R are reportedly present in the endometrium and may play roles in limiting the migration and invasion of trophoblasts into the endometrium during pregnancy (decidua) to maintain endometrial homeostasis. A deficiency of kisspeptin and KISS1R in the endometrium can lead to pathological conditions such as endometriosis and endometrial carcinoma. Kisspeptin and KISS1R in the endometrium can also promote endometrial receptivity and decidualization. Overall, kisspeptin and KISS1R are important for maintaining the normal physiological functions of the endometrium. By summarizing the roles of kisspeptin and KISS1R in the endometrium, our review explores the regulatory roles in the peripheral reproductive system of this peptide family that plays broad and profound roles in many physiological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingnan Kong
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Nie
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dongzhi Yuan
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Zhang S, Xiao Y, Wang Y, Qian C, Zhang R, Liu J, Wang Q, Zhang H. Role of kisspeptin in decidualization and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway. Placenta 2023; 133:1-9. [PMID: 36680818 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to study the expression and function of kisspeptin during human uterine decidualization in recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS All patients were recruited from the Clinical Reproductive Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University. Mice models of RSA (CBA/J × DBA/2) and normal pregnancy (CBA/J × BALB/c) were established, respectively. Kisspeptin expression in the serum and decidual tissues of women with RSA were detected. The function of kisspeptin during decidualization in human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) was assessed by enhancing and silencing kisspeptin expression. CBA/J × DBA/2 pregnant mice were injected with kisspeptin polypeptide, kisspeptin receptor blocker, and expression of decidualization markers was observed. The regulation of ERK1/2 signalling pathway were verified. RESULTS Serum kisspeptin levels were significantly lower in patients with RSA than in normal pregnant individuals, as was the expression of kisspeptin, p-ERK, and decidualization indicators in the decidua. Additionally, kisspeptin inhibition downregulated the expression of decidualization markers in HESCs. In mice with RSA, kisspeptin was significantly downregulated, and p-ERK expression at the maternal-foetal interface was significantly decreased. Moreover, exogenous kisspeptin supplementation improved the levels of IGFBP-1 and dPRL, upregulated p-ERK expression, and reduced the abortion rate. DISCUSSION Kisspeptin is involved in promoting uterine decidualization via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Yi Xiao
- Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, 215008, China.
| | - Yunjie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Chenyue Qian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Juanjuan Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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Sun P, Zhang Y, Sun L, Sun N, Wang J, Ma H. Kisspeptin regulates the proliferation and apoptosis of ovary granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome by modulating the PI3K/AKT/ERK signalling pathway. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:15. [PMID: 36627631 PMCID: PMC9832680 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-022-02154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is closely correlated with apoptosis and oxidative stress in ovarian granulosa cells. Kisspeptin plays an important role in reproductive organ function. This study aimed to explore the role of kisspeptin in PCOS and oxidative stress-triggered apoptosis of ovarian granular cells. METHODS A PCOS rat model was established by injecting dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and feeding the rats a high-fat diet. The RNA and protein levels of kisspeptin were analysed by quantitative PCR, western blotting, and histological staining. Tissue damage was evaluated using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. The viability and proliferation of human granulosa cell KGN were measured using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analysed by flow cytometry. Oxidative stress was analysed by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) levels. RESULTS Kisspeptin was downregulated in the ovarian granulosa cells of PCOS rats compared to those of control rats. Kisspeptin overexpression enhanced KGN cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. ROS generation was suppressed by kisspeptin, along with decreased levels of MDA and increased levels of the antioxidants GSH, SOD, and CAT. Kisspeptin activates PI3K/AKT and ERK signalling, and inactivation of ERK1/2 suppresses the protective role of kisspeptin in ovarian granulosa cells. CONCLUSION Kisspeptin improves proliferation and alleviates apoptosis and oxidative stress in ovarian granulosa cells by activating PI3K/AKT and ERK signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Sun
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
| | - Yuemin Zhang
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
| | - Lilan Sun
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
| | - Na Sun
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
| | - Jinguang Wang
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
| | - Huagang Ma
- grid.416966.a0000 0004 1758 1470Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People’s Hospital, No. 151, Guangwen Street, Kuiwen District, Weifang, 261000 Shandong China
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Szydełko-Gorzkowicz M, Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Mierzyński R, Sotowski M, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. The Role of Kisspeptin in the Pathogenesis of Pregnancy Complications: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126611. [PMID: 35743054 PMCID: PMC9223875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins are the family of neuropeptide products of the KISS-1 gene that exert the biological action by binding with the G-protein coupled receptor 54 (GPR54), also known as the KISS-1 receptor. The kisspeptin level dramatically increases during pregnancy, and the placenta is supposed to be its primary source. The role of kisspeptin has already been widely studied in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, fertility, puberty disorders, and insulin resistance-related conditions, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, polycystic ovary syndrome, and obesity. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia (PE), preterm birth, fetal growth restriction (FGR), or spontaneous abortion affected 2 to 20% of pregnancies worldwide. Their occurrence is associated with numerous short and long-term consequences for mothers and newborns; hence, novel, non-invasive predictors of their development are intensively investigated. The study aims to present a comprehensive review emphasizing the role of kisspeptin in the most common pregnancy-related disorders and neonatal outcomes. The decreased level of kisspeptin is observed in women with GDM, FGR, and a high risk of spontaneous abortion. Nevertheless, there are still many inconsistencies in kisspeptin concentration in pregnancies with preterm birth or PE. Further research is needed to determine the usefulness of kisspeptin as an early marker of gestational and neonatal complications.
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Ibos KE, Bodnár É, Bagosi Z, Bozsó Z, Tóth G, Szabó G, Csabafi K. Kisspeptin-8 Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Hypolocomotion by Activating the HPA Axis and Increasing GABA Release in the Nucleus Accumbens in Rats. Biomedicines 2021; 9:112. [PMID: 33503835 PMCID: PMC7911394 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptins (Kp) are RF-amide neuropeptide regulators of the reproductive axis that also influence anxiety, locomotion, and metabolism. We aimed to investigate the effects of intracerebroventricular Kp-8 (an N-terminally truncated octapeptide) treatment in Wistar rats. Elevated plus maze (EPM), computerized open field (OF), and marble burying (MB) tests were performed for the assessment of behavior. Serum LH and corticosterone levels were determined to assess kisspeptin1 receptor (Kiss1r) activation and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) stimulation, respectively. GABA release from the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and dopamine release from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and NAc were measured via ex vivo superfusion. Kp-8 decreased open arm time and entries in EPM, and also raised corticosterone concentration, pointing to an anxiogenic effect. Moreover, the decrease in arm entries in EPM, the delayed increase in immobility accompanied by reduced ambulatory activity in OF, and the reduction in interactions with marbles show that Kp-8 suppressed exploratory and spontaneous locomotion. The increase in GABA release from the NAc might be in the background of hypolocomotion by inhibiting the VTA-NAc dopaminergic circuitry. As Kp-8 raised LH concentration, it could activate Kiss1r and stimulate the reproductive axis. As Kiss1r is associated with hyperlocomotion, it is more likely that neuropeptide FF receptor activation is involved in the suppression of locomotor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Eszter Ibos
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (É.B.); (Z.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Éva Bodnár
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (É.B.); (Z.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Zsolt Bagosi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (É.B.); (Z.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Zsolt Bozsó
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Gábor Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (Z.B.); (G.T.)
| | - Gyula Szabó
- Office of International Affairs, Budapest Campus, McDaniel College, H-1071 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (É.B.); (Z.B.); (K.C.)
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D’Occhio MJ, Campanile G, Baruselli PS. Peripheral action of kisspeptin at reproductive tissues-role in ovarian function and embryo implantation and relevance to assisted reproductive technology in livestock: a review. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:1157-1170. [PMID: 32776148 PMCID: PMC7711897 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin (KISS1) is encoded by the KISS1 gene and was initially found to be a repressor of metastasis. Natural mutations in the KISS1 receptor gene (KISS1R) were subsequently shown to be associated with idiopathic hypothalamic hypogonadism and impaired puberty. This led to interest in the role of KISS1 in reproduction. It was established that KISS1 had a fundamental role in the control of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. KISS1 neurons have receptors for leptin and estrogen receptor α (ERα), which places KISS1 at the gateway of metabolic (leptin) and gonadal (ERα) regulation of GnRH secretion. More recently, KISS1 has been shown to act at peripheral reproductive tissues. KISS1 and KISS1R genes are expressed in follicles (granulosa, theca, oocyte), trophoblast, and uterus. KISS1 and KISS1R proteins are found in the same tissues. KISS1 appears to have autocrine and paracrine actions in follicle and oocyte maturation, trophoblast development, and implantation and placentation. In some studies, KISS1 was beneficial to in vitro oocyte maturation and blastocyst development. The next phase of KISS1 research will explore potential benefits on embryo survival and pregnancy. This will likely involve longer-term KISS1 treatments during proestrus, early embryo development, trophoblast attachment, and implantation and pregnancy. A deeper understanding of the direct action of KISS1 at reproductive tissues could help to achieve the next step change in embryo survival and improvement in the efficiency of assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J D’Occhio
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Campanile
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro S Baruselli
- Department of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Grisaru-Granovsky S, Kumar Nag J, Zakar L, Rudina T, Lal Gupta C, Maoz M, Kozlova D, Bar-Shavit R. PAR 1&2 driven placenta EVT invasion act via LRP5/6 as coreceptors. FASEB J 2020; 34:15701-15717. [PMID: 33136328 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202000306r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
While the involvement of protease-activated receptors (PARs) in the physiological regulation of human placenta development, as in tumor biology, is recognized, the molecular pathway is unknown. We evaluated the impact of PAR1 and PAR2 function in cytotrophoblast (CTB) proliferation and invasion in a system of extravillous trophoblast (EVT) organ culture and in human cell-lines. Activation of PAR1 - and PAR2 -induced EVT invasion and proliferation, while the shRNA silencing of low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) inhibited these processes. PAR1 and PAR2 effectively induce β-catenin stabilization in a manner similar to that shown for the canonical β-catenin stabilization pathway yet independent of Wnts. Immunoprecipitation analyses and protein-protein docking demonstrated the co-association between either PAR1 or PAR2 with LRP5/6 forming an axis of PAR-LRP5/6-Axin. Noticeably, in PAR1 -PAR2 heterodimers a dominant role is assigned to PAR2 over PAR1 as shown by inhibition of PAR1 -induced β-catenin levels, and Dvl nuclear localization. This inhibition takes place either by shRNA silenced hPar2 or in the presence of a TrPAR2 devoid its cytoplasmic tail. Indeed, TrPAR2 cannot form the PAR1 -PAR2 complex, obstructing thereby the flow of signals downstream. Elucidation of the mechanism of PAR-induced invasion contributes to therapeutic options highlighting key partners in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Grisaru-Granovsky
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew-University, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeetendra Kumar Nag
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liat Zakar
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew-University, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Tatyana Rudina
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Chhedi Lal Gupta
- Institute of Soil, Water and Environmental Sciences, Volcani Research Center, Agriculture Research Organization, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Myriam Maoz
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Daria Kozlova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew-University, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Bar-Shavit
- Sharett Institute of Oncology, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Abstract
The significance of KISS1 goes beyond its original discovery as a metastasis suppressor. Its function as a neuropeptide involved in diverse physiologic processes is more well studied. Enthusiasm regarding KISS1 has cumulated in clinical trials in multiple fields related to reproduction and metabolism. But its cancer therapeutic space is unsettled. This review focuses on collating data from cancer and non-cancer fields in order to understand shared and disparate signaling that might inform clinical development in the cancer therapeutic and biomarker space. Research has focused on amino acid residues 68-121 (kisspeptin 54), binding to the KISS1 receptor and cellular responses. Evidence and counterevidence regarding this canonical pathway require closer look at the covariates so that the incredible potential of KISS1 can be realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuc Ly
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd. - MS1071, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Sitaram Harihar
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India
| | - Danny R Welch
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kansas University Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd. - MS1071, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
- University of Kansas Cancer Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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12
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Hu KL, Chang HM, Zhao HC, Yu Y, Li R, Qiao J. Potential roles for the kisspeptin/kisspeptin receptor system in implantation and placentation. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 25:326-343. [PMID: 30649364 PMCID: PMC6450039 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Initially identified as suppressors of metastasis in various types of cancer, kisspeptins are a family of neuropeptides that are key regulators of the mammalian reproductive axis. Accumulating evidence has shown that kisspeptin is able to control both the pulsatile and surge GnRH release, playing fundamental roles in female reproduction, which include the secretion of gonadotropins, puberty onset, brain sex differentiation, ovulation and the metabolic regulation of fertility. Furthermore, recent studies have demonstrated the involvement of the kisspeptin system in the processes of implantation and placentation. This review summarizes the current knowledge of the pathophysiological role and utility of these local placental regulatory factors as potential biomarkers during the early human gestation. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE A successful pregnancy, from the initiation of embryo implantation to parturition, is a complex process that requires the orchestration of a series of events. This review aims to concisely summarize what is known about the role of the kisspeptin system in implantation, placentation, early human pregnancy and pregnancy-related disorders, and to develop strategies for predicting, diagnosing and treating these abnormalities. SEARCH METHODS Using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases, we performed comprehensive literature searches in the English language describing the advancement of kisspeptins and the kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) in implantation, placentation and early pregnancy in humans, since its initial identification in 1996 and ending in July 2018. OUTCOMES Recent studies have shown the coordinated spatial and temporal expression patterns of kisspeptins and KISS1R during human pregnancy. The experimental data gathered recently suggest putative roles of kisspeptin signaling in the regulation of trophoblast invasion, embryo implantation, placentation and early pregnancy. Dysregulation of the kisspeptin system may negatively affect the processes of implantation as well as placentation. Clinical studies indicate that the circulating levels of kisspeptins or the expression levels of kisspeptin/KISS1R in the placental tissues may be used as potential diagnostic markers for women with miscarriage and gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Comprehensive research on the pathophysiological role of the kisspeptin/KISS1R system in implantation and placentation will provide a dynamic and powerful approach to understanding the processes of early pregnancy, with potential applications in observational and analytic screening as well as the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of implantation failure and early pregnancy-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hsun-Ming Chang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong-Cui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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13
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Zhang SS, Xu XX, Xiang WW, Zhang HH, Lin HL, Shen LE, Lin Q, Lin F, Zhou ZY. Using 17β-estradiol heparin-poloxamer thermosensitive hydrogel to enhance the endometrial regeneration and functional recovery of intrauterine adhesions in a rat model. FASEB J 2019; 34:446-457. [PMID: 31914682 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901603rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 10/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical damage or infection to the endometrium can lead to the formation of adhesions in the uterine cavity, which may result in reduced reproductive outcome and/or pregnancy complications. The prognosis of this disease is poor due to few effective treatments and the complex environment of endometrium. Heparin-Poloxamer Hydrogel (HP hydrogel) is a nontoxic and biodegradable biomaterial, which has been commonly used as a sustained-release delivery system. In this study, we applied a mini-endometrial curette to scrape the endometrium of rats to mimic the process of curettage in patients. After the establishment of IUA model in rats, we injected the thermo-sensitive hydrogel(E2-HP hydrogel) into the injured uterine cavity and evaluated the therapeutic effect of E2-HP hydrogel on the recovery of IUA. Our results showed that E2-HP hydrogel can significantly facilitate the regeneration of injured endometrium along with inhibiting the cell apoptosis in IUA model. Furthermore, we revealed that E2-HP hydrogel on the recovery of IUA was closely associated with the upregulation of kisspeptin through activating the ERK1/2 and MAPKs p38 pathways. In conclusion, E2-HP hydrogel can effectively transfer E2 into the injured endometrium and it can be considered as a promising therapeutic method for the women with intrauterine adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Zhang
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xu
- Department of Gynaecology, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Heng Zhang
- School of the Second Clinical Medical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hui-Long Lin
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lai-En Shen
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Feng Lin
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yang Zhou
- Department of Gynaecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,International Peace Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Disease, Shanghai, China
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14
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Hu KL, Zhao H, Yu Y, Li R. Kisspeptin as a potential biomarker throughout pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019; 240:261-266. [PMID: 31344665 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Kisspeptins are a family of neuropeptides that are critical for the puberty initiation and female fertility. Plasma or serum kisspeptin is mainly derived from the placenta during pregnancy and plasma kisspeptin levels significantly increase across pregnancy. Plasma kisspeptin levels could be used as a potential biomarker for the detection of miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), and fetal development. Kisspeptin may also be involved in the process of parturition by stimulating oxytocin secretion during term pregnancy. This review discussed the potential use of kisspeptin as a marker across pregnancy and highlighted the unresolved problems in this area. Tweetable abstract: Plasma kisspeptin levels could be used as a potential biomarker across pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Lun Hu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; Women's Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongcui Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Rong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology and Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Ministry of Education, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China; National Clinical Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
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15
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Romero-Ruiz A, Avendaño MS, Dominguez F, Lozoya T, Molina-Abril H, Sangiao-Alvarellos S, Gurrea M, Lara-Chica M, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Torres-Jimenez E, Perdices-Lopez C, Abbara A, Steffani L, Calzado MA, Dhillo WS, Pellicer A, Tena-Sempere M. Deregulation of miR-324/KISS1/kisspeptin in early ectopic pregnancy: mechanistic findings with clinical and diagnostic implications. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2019; 220:480.e1-480.e17. [PMID: 30707968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2019.01.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening condition for which novel screening tools that would enable early accurate diagnosis would improve clinical outcomes. Kisspeptins, encoded by KISS1, play an essential role in human reproduction, at least partially by regulating placental function and possibly embryo implantation. Kisspeptin levels are elevated massively in normal pregnancy and reportedly altered in various gestational pathologic diseases. Yet, the pathophysiologic role of KISS1/kisspeptin in ectopic pregnancy has not been investigated previously. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes of KISS1/kisspeptin levels in ectopic pregnancy and their underlaying molecular mechanisms and to ascertain the diagnostic implications of these changes. STUDY DESIGN A total of 122 women with normal pregnancy who underwent voluntary termination of pregnancy and 84 patients who experienced tubal ectopic pregnancy were recruited. Measurements of plasma kisspeptins and KISS1 expression analyses in human embryonic/placental tissue were conducted in ectopic pregnancy and voluntary termination of pregnancy control subjects during the early gestational window (<12 weeks). Putative microRNA regulators of KISS1 were predicted in silico, followed by expression analyses of selected microRNAs and validation of repressive interactions in vitro. Circulating levels of these microRNAs were also assayed in ectopic pregnancy vs voluntary termination of pregnancy. RESULTS Circulating kisspeptins gradually increased during the first trimester of normal pregnancy but were reduced markedly in ectopic pregnancy. This profile correlated with the expression levels of KISS1 in human embryonic/placental tissue, which increased in voluntary termination of pregnancy but remained suppressed in ectopic pregnancy. Bioinformatic predictions and expression analyses identified miR-27b-3p and miR-324-3p as putative repressors of KISS1 in human embryonic/placental tissue at <12 weeks gestation, when expression of microRNAs was low in voluntary termination of pregnancy control subjects but significantly increased in ectopic pregnancy. Yet, a significant repressive interaction was documented only for miR-324-3p, occurring at the predicted 3'-UTR of KISS1. Interestingly, circulating levels of miR-324-3p, but not of miR-27b-3p, were suppressed distinctly in ectopic pregnancy, despite elevated tissue expression of the pre-microRNA. A decision-tree model that used kisspeptin and miR-324-3p levels was successful in discriminating ectopic pregnancy vs voluntary termination of pregnancy, with a receiver-operating characteristic area under the curve of 0.95±0.02 (95% confidence interval). CONCLUSION Our results document a significant down-regulation of KISS1/kisspeptins in early stages of ectopic pregnancy via, at least partially, a repressive interaction with miR-324-3p. Our data identify circulating kisspeptins and miR-324-3p as putative biomarkers for accurate screening of ectopic pregnancy at early gestational ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Romero-Ruiz
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Maria S Avendaño
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Francisco Dominguez
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico de Valencia INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Teresa Lozoya
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Helena Molina-Abril
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Applied Mathematics-I, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
| | - Susana Sangiao-Alvarellos
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Marta Gurrea
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Maribel Lara-Chica
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | | | - Encarnación Torres-Jimenez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Cecilia Perdices-Lopez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ali Abbara
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Liliana Steffani
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Marco A Calzado
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Waljit S Dhillo
- Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Pellicer
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain; Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Cordoba, Spain; Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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16
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Wolfe A, Hussain MA. The Emerging Role(s) for Kisspeptin in Metabolism in Mammals. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:184. [PMID: 29740399 PMCID: PMC5928256 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin was initially identified as a metastasis suppressor. Shortly after the initial discovery, a key physiologic role for kisspeptin emerged in the regulation of fertility, with kisspeptin acting as a neurotransmitter via the kisspeptin receptor, its cognate receptor, to regulate hypothalamic GnRH neurons, thereby affecting pituitary-gonadal function. Recent work has demonstrated a more expansive role for kisspeptin signaling in a variety of organ systems. Kisspeptin has been revealed as a significant player in regulating glucose homeostasis, feeding behavior, body composition as well as cardiac function. The direct impact of kisspeptin on peripheral metabolic tissues has only recently been recognized. Here, we review the emerging endocrine role of kisspeptin in regulating metabolic function. Controversies and current limitations in the field as well as areas of future studies toward kisspeptin's diverse array of functions will be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Wolfe
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mehboob A. Hussain
- Department of Internal Medicine Metabolism, Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, United States
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17
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Schäfer-Somi S, Ay SS, Kaya D, Sözmen M, Beceriklisoy HB, Ağaoğlu AR, Fındık M, van Haeften T, Aslan S. Kisspeptin-10 and the G protein-coupled receptor 54 are differentially expressed in the canine pregnant uterus and trophoblast cells. Reprod Domest Anim 2016; 52 Suppl 2:123-129. [PMID: 27774662 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Uterine tissue was collected from bitches after ovariohysterectomy at different times after ovulation. Samples were assigned to four groups: metestrous non-pregnant, day 10-12, n = 4; pre-implantation, day 10-12, n = 9; post-implantation, day 18-25, n = 13; mid-gestation, day 30-40, n = 7. RT-qPCR detection was performed for kiss1 and the G protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54, specific receptor for kisspeptin). In addition, immunohistochemistry was performed for detection of kisspeptin-10 (KP-10), GPR54, as well as pan-cytokeratin and vimentin. The latter two were included to differentiate the different placental cell types. The percentage of positive stained cells was evaluated, and an immunoreactivity score (IRS) was obtained by multiplying the labelling intensity score (0-3) with the percentage of immunolabelled cells (range: 0-300). In non-pregnant and pre-implantation tissues, gene expression was highly variable for kiss1 and GPR54. Expression of GPR54 was higher before embryo adhesion than during post-implantation and mid-gestation (p < .05), whereas there was no difference found between groups for kiss1. Except during the pre-implantation period, KP-10 expression was higher in the non-pregnant uterus compared to all gestational periods investigated, indicating a pregnancy-related downregulation. In the pre-implantation period, KP-10 was present in larger vessels only, whereas the presence of GPR54 in vessels was found in all samples, with most labelling in the post-implantation period. KP-10 was present in superficial uterine glands, GPR54 in superficial and deep uterine glands of the post-implantation uterus. In myocytes, the highest staining for KP-10 was seen in the non-pregnant uterus, whereas the highest staining for GPR54 was seen in post-implantation and mid-gestation. Syncytiotrophoblast cells stained for both KP-10 and GPR54 in post-implantation and mid-gestation, with maximum intensity for GPR54 in the latter. We conclude that KP-10 and GPR54 are expressed in the canine uterus and trophoblast cells. However, during pregnancy, expression of both proteins seems to be differentially regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schäfer-Somi
- Platform for Artificial Insemination and Embryo Transfer, Vetmeduni Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - S S Ay
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - D Kaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - M Sözmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - H B Beceriklisoy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - A R Ağaoğlu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - M Fındık
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey
| | - T van Haeften
- Department for Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S Aslan
- Department for Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus
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18
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León S, Fernandois D, Sull A, Sull J, Calder M, Hayashi K, Bhattacharya M, Power S, Vilos GA, Vilos AG, Tena-Sempere M, Babwah AV. Beyond the brain-Peripheral kisspeptin signaling is essential for promoting endometrial gland development and function. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29073. [PMID: 27364226 PMCID: PMC4929565 DOI: 10.1038/srep29073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Uterine growth and endometrial gland formation (adenogenesis) and function, are essential for fertility and are controlled by estrogens and other regulators, whose nature and physiological relevance are yet to be elucidated. Kisspeptin, which signals via Kiss1r, is essential for fertility, primarily through its central control of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, but also likely through peripheral actions. Using genetically modified mice, we addressed the contributions of central and peripheral kisspeptin signaling in regulating uterine growth and adenogenesis. Global ablation of Kiss1 or Kiss1r dramatically suppressed uterine growth and almost fully prevented adenogenesis. However, while uterine growth was fully rescued by E2 treatment of Kiss1−/− mice and by genetic restoration of kisspeptin signaling in GnRH neurons in Kiss1r−/− mice, functional adenogenesis was only marginally restored. Thus, while uterine growth is largely dependent on ovarian E2-output via central kisspeptin signaling, peripheral kisspeptin signaling is indispensable for endometrial adenogenesis and function, essential aspects of reproductive competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia León
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology &Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Reina Sofia, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Spain
| | - Daniela Fernandois
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology &Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Reina Sofia, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Spain
| | - Alexandra Sull
- The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judith Sull
- The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michele Calder
- The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Kanako Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Moshmi Bhattacharya
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada.,Department of Oncology, London, Ontario University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Stephen Power
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - George A Vilos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Angelos G Vilos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Manuel Tena-Sempere
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology &Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Reina Sofia, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, Spain.,CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.,FiDiPro Program, Department of Physiology, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Andy V Babwah
- The Children's Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada.,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, London, Ontario, N6C 2V5, Canada
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19
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Silva JF, Serakides R. Intrauterine trophoblast migration: A comparative view of humans and rodents. Cell Adh Migr 2016; 10:88-110. [PMID: 26743330 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2015.1120397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Trophoblast migration and invasion through the decidua and maternal uterine spiral arteries are crucial events in placentation. During this process, invasive trophoblast replace vascular endothelial cells as the uterine arteries are remodeled to form more permissive vessels that facilitate adequate blood flow to the growing fetus. Placentation failures resulting from either extensive or shallow trophoblastic invasion can cause pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, placenta creta, gestational trophoblastic disease and even maternal or fetal death. Consequently, the use of experimental animal models such as rats and mice has led to great progress in recent years with regards to the identification of mechanisms and factors that control trophoblast migration kinetics. This review aims to perform a comparative analysis of placentation and the mechanisms and factors that coordinate intrauterine trophoblast migration in humans, rats and mice under physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juneo F Silva
- a Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
| | - Rogéria Serakides
- b Laboratório de Patologia, Departamento de Clínica e Cirurgia Veterinárias, Escola de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais , Belo Horizonte , Minas Gerais , Brazil
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20
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Soga T, Lim WL, Khoo ASB, Parhar IS. Kisspeptin Activates Ankrd 26 Gene Expression in Migrating Embryonic GnRH Neurons. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2016; 7:15. [PMID: 26973595 PMCID: PMC4771921 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2016.00015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Kisspeptin, a newly discovered neuropeptide, regulates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). Kisspeptins are a large RF-amide family of peptides. The kisspeptin coded by KiSS-1 gene is a 145-amino acid protein that is cleaved to C-terminal peptide kisspeptin-10. G-protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54) has been identified as a kisspeptin receptor, and it is expressed in GnRH neurons and in a variety of cancer cells. In this study, enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) labeled GnRH cells with migratory properties, which express GPR54, served as a model to study the effects of kisspeptin on cell migration. We monitored EGFP-GnRH neuronal migration in brain slide culture of embryonic day 14 transgenic rat by live cell imaging system and studied the effects of kisspeptin-10 (1 nM) treatment for 36 h on GnRH migration. Furthermore, to determine kisspeptin-induced molecular pathways related with apoptosis and cytoskeletal changes during neuronal migration, we studied the expression levels of candidate genes in laser-captured EGFP-GnRH neurons by real-time PCR. We found that there was no change in the expression level of genes related to cell proliferation and apoptosis. The expression of ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein (ankrd) 26 in EGFP-GnRH neurons was upregulated by the exposure to kisspeptin. These studies suggest that ankrd 26 gene plays an unidentified role in regulating neuronal movement mediated by kisspeptin-GPR54 signaling, which could be a potential pathway to suppress cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Soga
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Wei Ling Lim
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Alan Soo-Beng Khoo
- Molecular Pathology Unit, Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ishwar S. Parhar
- Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Ishwar S. Parhar,
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Costa MA. The endocrine function of human placenta: an overview. Reprod Biomed Online 2015; 32:14-43. [PMID: 26615903 DOI: 10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During pregnancy, several tightly coordinated and regulated processes take place to enable proper fetal development and gestational success. The formation and development of the placenta is one of these critical pregnancy events. This organ plays essential roles during gestation, including fetal nourishment, support and protection, gas exchange and production of several hormones and other mediators. Placental hormones are mainly secreted by the syncytiotrophoblast, in a highly and tightly regulated way. These hormones are important for pregnancy establishment and maintenance, exerting autocrine and paracrine effects that regulate decidualization, placental development, angiogenesis, endometrial receptivity, embryo implantation, immunotolerance and fetal development. In addition, because they are released into maternal circulation, the profile of their blood levels throughout pregnancy has been the target of intense research towards finding potential robust and reliable biomarkers to predict and diagnose pregnancy-associated complications. In fact, altered levels of these hormones have been associated with some pathologies, such as chromosomal anomalies or pre-eclampsia. This review proposes to revise and update the main pregnancy-related hormones, addressing their major characteristics, molecular targets, function throughout pregnancy, regulators of their expression and their potential clinical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana A Costa
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Hussain MA, Song WJ, Wolfe A. There is Kisspeptin - And Then There is Kisspeptin. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:564-572. [PMID: 26412157 PMCID: PMC4587393 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
While kisspeptin was initially found to function as a metastasis suppressor, after identification of its receptor KISS1R and their expression profiles in tissues such as the hypothalamus and adrenals, kisspeptin and KISS1R were predominantly assigned endocrine functions, including regulating puberty and fertility through their actions on hypothalamic gonadotropin releasing hormone production. More recently, an alter ego for kisspeptin has emerged, with a significant role in regulating glucose homeostasis, insulin secretion, as well as food intake and body composition, and deficient kisspeptin signaling results in reduced locomotor activity and increased adiposity. This review highlights these recent observations on the role of kisspeptin in metabolism as well as several key questions that need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob A Hussain
- Divisions of Metabolism and Pediatric Endocrinology, Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Biological Chemistry and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Divisions of Metabolism and Pediatric Endocrinology, Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Biological Chemistry and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Wolfe
- Divisions of Metabolism and Pediatric Endocrinology, Departments of Medicine, Pediatrics, Biological Chemistry and Physiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Mezei Z, Zamani-Forooshani O, Csabafi K, Szikszai B, Papp E, Ónodi Á, Török D, Leprán Á, Telegdy G, Szabó G. The effect of kisspeptin on the regulation of vascular tone. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:787-91. [DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Kisspeptin has been implicated in cardiovascular control. Eicosanoids play a crucial role in the activation of platelets and the regulation of vascular tone. In the present study, we investigated the effect of kisspeptins on eicosanoid synthesis in platelets and aorta in vitro. Platelets and aorta were isolated from Wistar–Kyoto rats. After preincubation with different doses of kisspeptin, samples were incubated with [1-14C]arachidonic acid (0.172 pmol/mL) in tissue culture Medium 199. The amount of labeled eicosanoids was measured with liquid scintillation, after separation with overpressure thin-layer chromatography. Kisspeptin-13 stimulated the thromboxane synthesis. The dose–response curve was bell-shaped and the most effective concentration was 2.5 × 10−8 mol/L, inducing a 27% increase. Lipoxygenase products of platelets displayed a dose-dependent elevation up to the dose of 5 × 10−8 mol/L. In the aorta, kisspeptin-13 induced a marked elevation in the production of 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α, the stable metabolite of prostacyclin, and lipoxygenase products. Different effects of kisspeptin on cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase products indicate that beyond intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, other signaling pathways might also contribute to its actions. Our data suggest that kisspeptin, through the alteration of eicosanoid synthesis in platelets and aorta, may play a physiologic and (or) pathologic role in the regulation of vascular tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsófia Mezei
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Omid Zamani-Forooshani
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Csabafi
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Bence Szikszai
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Eszter Papp
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Ónodi
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Török
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ádám Leprán
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Telegdy
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gyula Szabó
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Szeged, P.O. Box 427, H-6701, Semmelweis u. 1, 6725 Szeged, Hungary
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Babwah AV. Uterine and placental KISS1 regulate pregnancy: what we know and the challenges that lie ahead. Reproduction 2015; 150:R121-8. [PMID: 26183891 DOI: 10.1530/rep-15-0252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hypothalamic KISS1 and its derivatives (kisspeptins) are now well recognized as potent stimulators of GnRH secretion and thereby major regulators of the neuroendocrine-reproductive axis. Recent studies in the mouse strongly suggest that independent of the hypothalamus and pituitary, peripherally derived KISS1 also regulates fertility, and disruption of local KISS1 signaling in the ovary and uterus is sufficient to trigger infertility. With this increasing recognition that peripherally derived KISS1 regulates fertility, the first goal of this review is to critically discuss the data that have led to this conclusion, focusing on uterine- and placental-derived KISS1. Given that a significant amount of this data was generated in animals such as the mouse and rat, a second goal of this review is to identify and discuss the limitations of the animal data in the context of better understanding KISS1 as a regulator of human pregnancy. The growing evidence suggests that in both man and mouse, KISS1 plays an important role in regulating very early pregnancy events such as embryo implantation. However, as pregnancy advances, although it seems that KISS1 continues to play important roles in regulating human pregnancy, it might not do so in the mouse. This surprising functional dichotomy between human females and mice appears also to exist between women and a large number of animal species, including lower primates. These findings are of tremendous significance and will greatly shape how KISS1 will be developed as a therapeutic agent in augmenting the reproductive potential of both women and important livestock species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy V Babwah
- The Children's Health Research InstituteLawson Health Research InstituteDepartments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Physiology and PharmacologyThe University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5 The Children's Health Research InstituteLawson Health Research InstituteDepartments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Physiology and PharmacologyThe University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5 The Children's Health Research InstituteLawson Health Research InstituteDepartments of Obstetrics and Gynaecology and Physiology and PharmacologyThe University of Western Ontario, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada N6C 2V5
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25
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Maccani JZ, Maccani MA. Altered placental DNA methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking: current perspectives. ADVANCES IN GENOMICS AND GENETICS 2015; 2015:205-214. [PMID: 26203295 PMCID: PMC4507353 DOI: 10.2147/agg.s61518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease hypothesis states that adverse early life exposures can have lasting, detrimental effects on lifelong health. Exposure to maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy is associated with morbidity and mortality in offspring, including increased risks for miscarriage, stillbirth, low birth weight, preterm birth, asthma, obesity, altered neurobehavior, and other conditions. Maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy interferes with placental growth and functioning, and it has been proposed that this may occur through the disruption of normal and necessary placental epigenetic patterns. Epigenome-wide association studies have identified a number of differentially methylated placental genes that are associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy, including RUNX3, PURA, GTF2H2, GCA, GPR135, and HKR1. The placental methylation status of RUNX3 and NR3C1 has also been linked to adverse infant outcomes, including preterm birth and low birth weight, respectively. Candidate gene analyses have also found maternal smoking-associated placental methylation differences in the NR3C1, CYP1A1, HTR2A, and HSD11B2 genes, as well as in the repetitive elements LINE-1 and AluYb8. The differential methylation patterns of several genes have been confirmed to also exhibit altered gene expression patterns, including CYP1A1, CYP19A1, NR3C1, and HTR2A. Placental methylation patterns associated with maternal smoking during pregnancy may be largely gene-specific and tissue-specific and, to a lesser degree, involve global changes. It is important for future research to investigate the mechanistic roles that these differentially methylated genes may play in mediating the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and disease in later life, as well as to elucidate the potential influence of emerging tobacco product use during pregnancy, including the use of electronic cigarettes, on placental epigenetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Zj Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew A Maccani
- Penn State Tobacco Center of Regulatory Science, College of Medicine, Department of Public Health Sciences, Hershey, PA, USA
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26
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Pampillo M, Babwah AV. Quantifying GPCR internalization: a focus on the Kisspeptin receptor. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1272:119-132. [PMID: 25563181 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2336-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
GPCR internalization is a critical regulatory step in determining receptor activity. While internalization terminates G protein-coupled signaling, it might be required for G protein-independent signaling. A large number of clinical therapies are based on preventing or promoting GPCR internalization. Thus, for any given GPCR, it is important to characterize its internalization and understand the factors that regulate such internalization. Here we describe different experimental protocols to evaluate the internalization of any GPCR transiently expressed in HEK 293 cells. The protocols describe the use of immunofluorescence and imaging techniques as well as flow cytometry. The techniques described use the FLAG-tagged kisspeptin receptor (KISS1R) as an example but are equally applicable to any other GPCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Macarena Pampillo
- The Children's Health Research Institute, Victoria Research Laboratories, The University of Western Ontario, A4-140, 800 Commissioners Road East, London, ON, Canada, N6C 2V5
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Herreboudt AM, Kyle VRL, Lawrence J, Doran J, Colledge WH. Kiss1 mutant placentas show normal structure and function in the mouse. Placenta 2014; 36:52-8. [PMID: 25468546 PMCID: PMC4302219 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2014.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Kisspeptins, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, are a set of related neuropeptides that are required for activation of the mammalian reproductive axis at puberty and to maintain fertility. In addition, kisspeptin signaling via the G-protein coupled receptor GPR54 (KISS1R) has been suggested to regulate human placental formation and correlations have been found between altered kisspeptin levels in the maternal blood and the development of pre-eclampsia. Methods We have used Kiss1 and Gpr54 mutant mice to investigate the role of kisspeptin signaling in the structure and function of the mouse placenta. Results Expression of Kiss1 and Gpr54 was confirmed in the mouse placenta but no differences in birth weight were found in mice that had been supported by a mutant placenta during fetal development. Stereological measurements found no differences between Kiss1 mutant and wild-type placentas. Measurement of amino-acid and glucose transport across the Kiss1 mutant placentas at E15.5 days did not reveal any functional defects. Discussion These data indicate that mouse placentas can develop a normal structure and function without kisspeptin signaling and can support normal fetal development and growth. The structure and function of Kiss1 and Gpr54 mutant placentas was examined in transgenic mice. Kiss1 and Gpr54 mutant placentas are not associated with fetal loss during gestation or reduced pup weight at birth. Kiss1 mutant placentas show normal structural components. Kiss1 mutant placentas show normal transport of glucose and amino-acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Herreboudt
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - V R L Kyle
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom
| | - J Lawrence
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Doran
- Takeda Cambridge, 418 Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0PZ, United Kingdom
| | - W H Colledge
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EG, United Kingdom.
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Zhang Y, Hu X, Wang HK, Shen WW, Liao TQ, Chen P, Chu TW. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the PRKCG gene and osteosarcoma susceptibility. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:12671-7. [PMID: 25252845 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2591-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the protein kinase C gamma (PRKCG) gene and osteosarcoma susceptibility in Chinese Han population. A total of 610 cases of osteosarcoma patients and 610 healthy individuals were enrolled in this study. TaqMan method was used to compare genotypes and the allelic distribution frequency of three SNPs (rs454006, rs2242245, and rs8103851) in the PRKGG gene between osteosarcoma patients and healthy individuals. Osteosarcoma patients were grouped according to different clinical parameters (age, gender, pathological types, tumor location, Enneking staging, tumor metastasis and treatment) to compare genotype and allele frequency among different groups as well as to explore the relationship between gene polymorphisms and different clinical parameters. The rs454006 polymorphisms of the PRKCG gene include the CC, CT, and TT genotypes. The differences in genotype frequency and allele frequency between osteosarcoma patients and healthy individuals were significant (both P < 0.001). There was no significant different between osteosarcoma patients and healthy individuals in rs8103851 and rs2242245 polymorphisms of the PRKCG gene (both P > 0.05). The differences of the rs8103851 genotype frequency and allele frequency in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma and patients without metastasis were significant (both P < 0.001). The distribution frequencies of the CG and GG genotypes as well as the G allele in patients with metastatic osteosarcoma were higher than in patients without metastasis. The genotype frequency and allele frequency of rs454006 and rs2242245 did not correlate with clinical parameters. The rs454006 polymorphism of the PRKCG gene correlated to osteosarcoma susceptibility and might increase the risk of osteosarcoma. The rs8103851 correlated to metastatic osteosarcoma and could be risk factors for metastatic osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, No. 183, Xinqiao Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400037, China,
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Calder M, Chan YM, Raj R, Pampillo M, Elbert A, Noonan M, Gillio-Meina C, Caligioni C, Bérubé NG, Bhattacharya M, Watson AJ, Seminara SB, Babwah AV. Implantation failure in female Kiss1-/- mice is independent of their hypogonadic state and can be partially rescued by leukemia inhibitory factor. Endocrinology 2014; 155:3065-78. [PMID: 24877624 PMCID: PMC4098000 DOI: 10.1210/en.2013-1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
The hypothalamic kisspeptin signaling system is a major positive regulator of the reproductive neuroendocrine axis, and loss of Kiss1 in the mouse results in infertility, a condition generally attributed to its hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. We demonstrate that in Kiss1(-/-) female mice, acute replacement of gonadotropins and estradiol restores ovulation, mating, and fertilization; however, these mice are still unable to achieve pregnancy because embryos fail to implant. Progesterone treatment did not overcome this defect. Kiss1(+/-) embryos transferred to a wild-type female mouse can successfully implant, demonstrating the defect is due to maternal factors. Kisspeptin and its receptor are expressed in the mouse uterus, and we suggest that it is the absence of uterine kisspeptin signaling that underlies the implantation failure. This absence, however, does not prevent the closure of the uterine implantation chamber, proper alignment of the embryo, and the ability of the uterus to undergo decidualization. Instead, the loss of Kiss1 expression specifically disrupts embryo attachment to the uterus. We observed that on the day of implantation, leukemia inhibitory factor (Lif), a cytokine that is absolutely required for implantation in mice, is weakly expressed in Kiss1(-/-) uterine glands and that the administration of exogenous Lif to hormone-primed Kiss1(-/-) female mice is sufficient to partially rescue implantation. Taken together, our study reveals that uterine kisspeptin signaling regulates glandular Lif levels, thereby identifying a novel and critical role for kisspeptin in regulating embryo implantation in the mouse. This study provides compelling reasons to explore this role in other species, particularly livestock and humans.
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Colicchia M, Campagnolo L, Baldini E, Ulisse S, Valensise H, Moretti C. Molecular basis of thyrotropin and thyroid hormone action during implantation and early development. Hum Reprod Update 2014; 20:884-904. [PMID: 24943836 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmu028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantation and early embryo development are finely regulated processes in which several molecules are involved. Evidence that thyroid hormones (TH: T4 and T3) might be part of this machinery is emerging. An increased demand for TH occurs during gestation, and any alteration in maternal thyroid physiology has significant implications for both maternal and fetal health. Not only overt but also subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with infertility as well as with obstetric complications, including disruptions and disorders of pregnancy, labor, delivery, and troubles in early neonatal life. METHODS We searched the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles related to TH action on ovary, endometrium, trophoblast maturation and embryo implantation. In addition, articles on the regulation of TH activity at cellular level have been reviewed. The findings are hereby summarized and critically discussed. RESULTS TH have been shown to influence endometrial, ovarian and placental physiology. TH receptors (TR) and thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone: TSH) receptors (TSHR) are widely expressed in the feto-maternal unit during implantation, and both the endometrium and the trophoblast might be influenced by TH either directly or through TH effects on the synthesis and activity of implantation-mediating molecules. Interestingly, due to the multiplicity of mechanisms involved in TH action (e.g. differential expression of TR isoforms, heterodimeric receptor partners, interacting cellular proteins, and regulating enzymes), the TH concentration in blood is not always predictive of their cellular availability and activity at both genomic and nongenomic level. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the known role of TH on the hormonal milieu of the ovarian follicle cycle, which is essential for a woman's fertility, evidence is emerging on the importance of TH signaling during implantation and early pregnancy. Based on recent observations, a local action of TH on female reproductive organs and the embryo during implantation appears to be crucial for a successful pregnancy. Furthermore, an imbalance in the spatio-temporal expression of factors involved in TH activity might induce early arrest of pregnancy in women considered as euthyroid, based on their hormonal blood concentration. In conclusion, alterations of the highly regulated local activity of TH may play a crucial, previously underestimated, role in early pregnancy and pregnancy loss. Further studies elucidating this topic should be encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Colicchia
- Department of Systems' Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, UOC of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Section of Reproductive Endocrinology Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 'Isola Tiberina' 00187, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Campagnolo
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Enke Baldini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Salvatore Ulisse
- Department of Experimental Medicine, 'Sapienza' University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Herbert Valensise
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Fatebenefratelli Hospital 'Isola Tiberina', 00187 Rome, Italy
| | - Costanzo Moretti
- Department of Systems' Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, UOC of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Section of Reproductive Endocrinology Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 'Isola Tiberina' 00187, Rome, Italy
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Nodal signals via β-arrestins and RalGTPases to regulate trophoblast invasion. Cell Signal 2014; 26:1935-42. [PMID: 24863882 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Placentation is critical for establishing a healthy pregnancy. Trophoblasts mediate implantation and placentation and certain subtypes, most notably extravillous cytotrophoblast, are highly invasive. Trophoblast invasion is tightly regulated by microenvironmental cues that dictate placental morphology and depth. In choriocarcinomas, malignant trophoblast cells become hyperinvasive, breaching the myometrium and leading to major complications. Nodal, a member of the TGF-β superfamily, is expressed throughout the endometrium during the peri-implantation period and in invasive trophoblast cells. Nodal promotes the invasion of numerous types of cancer cells. However, Nodal's role in trophoblast and choriocarcinoma cell invasion is unclear. Here we show that Nodal stimulates the invasion of both the non-malignant HTR-8SV/neo trophoblast and JAR choriocarcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner. We found that endogenous β-arrestins and Ral GTPases, key regulators of the cell cytoskeleton, are constitutively associated with Nodal receptors (ALK4 and ALK7) in trophoblast cells and that RalA is colocalized with ALK4 in endocytic vesicles. Nodal stimulates endogenous β-arrestin2 to associate with phospho-ERK1/2, and knockdown of β-arrestin or Ral proteins impairs Nodal-induced trophoblast and choriocarcinoma cell invasion. These results demonstrate, for the first time, that β-arrestins and RalGTPases are important regulators of Nodal-induced invasion.
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