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Shah SA, Reagan CE, Bresticker JE, Wolpe AG, Good ME, Macal EH, Billcheck HO, Bradley LA, French BA, Isakson BE, Wolf MJ, Epstein FH. Obesity-Induced Coronary Microvascular Disease Is Prevented by iNOS Deletion and Reversed by iNOS Inhibition. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:501-514. [PMID: 37325396 PMCID: PMC10264569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Coronary microvascular disease (CMD) caused by obesity and diabetes is major contributor to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; however, the mechanisms underlying CMD are not well understood. Using cardiac magnetic resonance applied to mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet as a model of CMD, we elucidated the role of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and 1400W, an iNOS antagonist, in CMD. Global iNOS deletion prevented CMD along with the associated oxidative stress and diastolic and subclinical systolic dysfunction. The 1400W treatment reversed established CMD and oxidative stress and preserved systolic/diastolic function in mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet. Thus, iNOS may represent a therapeutic target for CMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham A. Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Claire E. Reagan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Julia E. Bresticker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Abigail G. Wolpe
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Miranda E. Good
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Edgar H. Macal
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Helen O. Billcheck
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Leigh A. Bradley
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Brent A. French
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Brant E. Isakson
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Matthew J. Wolf
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Frederick H. Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
- The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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Zheng T, Lai X, Lu J, Chen Q, Wei D. Three Dimensional-Arterial Spin Labeling Evaluation of Improved Cerebral Perfusion After Limb Remote Ischemic Preconditioning in a Rat Model of Focal Ischemic Stroke. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:893953. [PMID: 35847828 PMCID: PMC9280338 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.893953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate the application value of 3D arterial spin labeling (3D-ASL) for evaluating distal limb ischemic preconditioning to improve acute ischemic stroke (AIS) perfusion. Materials and Methods A total of 40 patients with AISs treated in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were recruited, and 15 healthy individuals who were examined in our hospital during the same period were included as the control group; all of these participants were scored on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and examined by MRI. Sequences included conventional sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), and 3D-ASL, and cerebral infarct volume and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in the area of the infarct lesion were measured. After 3 months of treatment, patients with AIS were scored on the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and divided into good prognosis and poor prognosis groups. In total, 55 adult male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided randomly into three groups: 20 in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) group, 20 in the MCAO + limb remote ischemic preconditioning (LRP) group, and 15 in the sham group. In total, 48 h after the procedures, conventional MRI, DWI, and 3D-ASL sequence data were collected, and 2,3,5-trphenyltetrazolium chloride monohydrate (TTC) staining and behavioral scoring were performed. CBF was recorded in the infarct lesion area and the corresponding contralateral area, and the affected/contralateral relative values (rCBF) were calculated to compare the differences in rCBF between different groups. The pathological changes in brain tissues were observed by HE staining, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) in brain tissues was detected by immunofluorescence and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). The protein expression of VEGF was detected by western blotting. Results Hypertension and internal carotid atherosclerosis are high-risk factors for ischemic stroke, and CBF values in the infarct area are significantly lower than those in the corresponding areas on the contralateral side. NIHSS and mRS scores and CBF values have higher specificity and sensitivity for the prognosis of patients with AIS. LRP significantly reduces the infarct area, improves behavioral deficits in rats with cerebral ischemia, reduces neurological injury and histological damage, protects vascular structures, and promotes neovascularization. In addition, 3D-ASL showed a significant increase in brain tissue perfusion in the ischemic area after LRP, and the expression of VEGF and CD31 showed a significant positive correlation with CBF values. Conclusion Three dimensional (3D) ASL can be used to evaluate LRP to improve stroke perfusion, and its protective effect may be closely related to LRP-induced vascular regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiu Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Xiaolan Lai
- Department of Hematology, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Jiaojiao Lu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Qiuyan Chen
- Department of Radiology, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
| | - Dingtai Wei
- Department of Radiology, Ningde Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University, Ningde, China
- *Correspondence: Dingtai Wei,
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Kwiatkowski G, Kozerke S. Quantitative myocardial first-pass perfusion imaging of CO 2 -induced vasodilation in rats. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4593. [PMID: 34337796 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inducible hypercapnia is an alternative for increasing the coronary blood flow necessary to facilitate the quantification of myocardial blood flow during hyperemia. The current study aimed to quantify the pharmacokinetic effect of a CO2 gas challenge on myocardial perfusion in rats using high-resolution, first-pass perfusion CMR and compared it with pharmacologically induced hyperemia using regadenoson. A dual-contrast, saturation-recovery, gradient-echo sequence with a Cartesian readout was used on a small-animal 9.4-T scanner; additional cine images during hyperemia/rest were recorded with an ultrashort echo time sequence. The mean myocardial blood flow value at rest was 6.1 ± 1.4 versus 13.9 ± 3.7 and 14.3 ± 4 mL/g/min during vasodilation with hypercapnia and regadenoson, respectively. Accordingly, the myocardial flow reserve value was 2.6 ± 1.1 for the gas challenge and 2.5 ± 1.4 for regadenoson. During hyperemia with both protocols, a significantly increased cardiac output was found. It was concluded that hypercapnia leads to significantly increased coronary flow and yields similar myocardial flow reserves in healthy rats as compared with pharmacological stimulation. Accordingly, inducible hypercapnia can be selected as an alternative stressor in CMR studies of myocardial blood flow in small animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ku MC, Kober F, Lai YC, Pohlmann A, Qadri F, Bader M, Carrier L, Niendorf T. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance detects microvascular dysfunction in a mouse model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2021; 23:63. [PMID: 34053450 PMCID: PMC8166121 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-021-00754-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) related myocardial vascular remodelling may lead to the reduction of myocardial blood supply and a subsequent progressive loss of cardiac function. This process has been difficult to observe and thus their connection remains unclear. Here we used non-invasive myocardial blood flow sensitive CMR to show an impairment of resting myocardial perfusion in a mouse model of naturally occurring HCM. METHODS We used a mouse model (DBA/2 J; D2 mouse strain) that spontaneously carries variants in the two most susceptible HCM genes-Mybpc3 and Myh7 and bears the key features of human HCM. The C57BL/6 J (B6) was used as a reference strain. Mice with either B6 or D2 backgrounds (male: n = 4, female: n = 4) underwent cine-CMR for functional assessment at 9.4 T. Left ventricular (LV) wall thickness was measured in end diastolic phase by cine-CMR. Quantitative myocardial perfusion maps (male: n = 5, female: n = 5 in each group) were acquired from arterial spin labelling (cine ASL-CMR) at rest. Myocardial perfusion values were measured by delineating different regions of interest based on the LV segmentation model in the mid ventricle of the LV myocardium. Directly after the CMR, the mouse hearts were removed for histological assessments to confirm the incidence of myocardial interstitial fibrosis (n = 8 in each group) and small vessel remodelling such as vessel density (n = 6 in each group) and perivascular fibrosis (n = 8 in each group). RESULTS LV hypertrophy was more pronounced in D2 than in B6 mice (male: D2 LV wall thickness = 1.3 ± 0.1 mm vs B6 LV wall thickness = 1.0 ± 0.0 mm, p < 0.001; female: D2 LV wall thickness = 1.0 ± 0.1 mm vs B6 LV wall thickness = 0.8 ± 0.1 mm, p < 0.01). The resting global myocardial perfusion (myocardial blood flow; MBF) was lower in D2 than in B6 mice (end-diastole: D2 MBFglobal = 7.5 ± 0.6 vs B6 MBFglobal = 9.3 ± 1.6 ml/g/min, p < 0.05; end-systole: D2 MBFglobal = 6.6 ± 0.8 vs B6 MBFglobal = 8.2 ± 2.6 ml/g/min, p < 0.01). This myocardial microvascular dysfunction was observed and associated with a reduction in regional MBF, mainly in the interventricular septal and inferior areas of the myocardium. Immunofluorescence revealed a lower number of vessel densities in D2 than in B6 (D2 capillary = 31.0 ± 3.8% vs B6 capillary = 40.7 ± 4.6%, p < 0.05). Myocardial collagen volume fraction (CVF) was significantly higher in D2 LV versus B6 LV mice (D2 CVF = 3.7 ± 1.4% vs B6 CVF = 1.7 ± 0.7%, p < 0.01). Furthermore, a higher ratio of perivascular fibrosis (PFR) was found in D2 than in B6 mice (D2 PFR = 2.3 ± 1.0%, B6 PFR = 0.8 ± 0.4%, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our work describes an imaging marker using cine ASL-CMR with a potential to monitor vascular and myocardial remodelling in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Chi Ku
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany.
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Frank Kober
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Yi-Ching Lai
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Molecular Biology of Peptide Hormones, Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Robert-Rössle Strasse 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), A Joint Cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Adenosine stress T1 mapping is an emerging magnetic resonance imaging method to investigate coronary vascular function and myocardial ischemia without application of a contrast agent. Using gene-modified mice and 2 vasodilators, we elucidated and compared the mechanisms of adenosine myocardial perfusion imaging and adenosine T1 mapping. METHODS Wild-type (WT), A2AAR-/- (adenosine A2A receptor knockout), A2BAR-/- (adenosine A2B receptor knockout), A3AR-/- (adenosine A3 receptor knockout), and eNOS-/- (endothelial nitric oxide synthase knockout) mice underwent rest and stress perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (n=8) and T1 mapping (n=10) using either adenosine, regadenoson (a selective A2AAR agonist), or saline. Myocardial blood flow and T1 were computed from perfusion imaging and T1 mapping, respectively, at rest and stress to assess myocardial perfusion reserve and T1 reactivity (ΔT1). Changes in heart rate for each stress agent were also calculated. Two-way ANOVA was used to detect differences in each parameter between the different groups of mice. RESULTS Myocardial perfusion reserve was significantly reduced only in A2AAR-/- compared to WT mice using adenosine (1.06±0.16 versus 2.03±0.52, P<0.05) and regadenoson (0.98±026 versus 2.13±0.75, P<0.05). In contrast, adenosine ΔT1 was reduced compared with WT mice (3.88±1.58) in both A2AAR-/- (1.63±1.32, P<0.05) and A2BAR-/- (1.55±1.35, P<0.05). Furthermore, adenosine ΔT1 was halved in eNOS-/- (1.76±1.46, P<0.05) versus WT mice. Regadenoson ΔT1 was approximately half of adenosine ΔT1 in WT mice (1.97±1.50, P<0.05), and additionally, it was significantly reduced in eNOS-/- mice (-0.22±1.46, P<0.05). Lastly, changes in heart rate was 2× greater using regadenoson versus adenosine in all groups except A2AAR-/-, where heart rate remained constant. CONCLUSIONS The major findings are that (1) although adenosine myocardial perfusion reserve is mediated through the A2A receptor, adenosine ΔT1 is mediated through the A2A and A2B receptors, (2) adenosine myocardial perfusion reserve is endothelial independent while adenosine ΔT1 is partially endothelial dependent, and (3) ΔT1 mediated through the A2A receptor is endothelial dependent while ΔT1 mediated through the A2B receptor is endothelial independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham A Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.A.S., C.E.R., B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Claire E Reagan
- Department of Radiology (B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Brent A French
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.A.S., C.E.R., B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.,Department of Radiology (B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.,The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Frederick H Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering (S.A.S., C.E.R., B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.,Department of Radiology (B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA.,The Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center (B.A.F., F.H.E.), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
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6
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Kober F. Editorial for "Clinical Quantification of Myocardial Perfusion With Vasodilation Using Arterial Spin Labeling at 1.5T". J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 53:789-790. [PMID: 33135272 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Frank Kober
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France
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Naresh NK, Misener S, Zhang Z, Yang C, Ruh A, Bertolino N, Epstein FH, Collins JD, Markl M, Procissi D, Carr JC, Allen BA. Cardiac MRI Myocardial Functional and Tissue Characterization Detects Early Cardiac Dysfunction in a Mouse Model of Chemotherapy-Induced Cardiotoxicity. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4327. [PMID: 32567177 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin and doxorubicin-trastuzumab combination chemotherapy have been associated with cardiotoxicity that eventually leads to heart failure and may limit dose-effective cancer treatment. Current diagnostic strategies rely on decreased ejection fraction (EF) to diagnose cardiotoxicity. PURPOSE The aim of this study is to explore the potential of cardiac MR (CMR) imaging to identify imaging biomarkers in a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. METHODS A cumulative dose of 25 mg/kg doxorubicin was administered over three weeks using subcutaneous pellets (n = 9, Dox). Another group (n = 9) received same dose of Dox and a total of 10 mg/kg trastuzumab (DT). Mice were imaged at baseline, 5/6 weeks and 10 weeks post-treatment on a 7T MRI system. The protocol included short-axis cine MRI covering the left ventricle (LV) and mid-ventricular short-axis tissue phase mapping (TPM), pre- and post-contrast T1 mapping, T2 mapping and Displacement Encoding with Stimulated Echoes (DENSE) strain encoded MRI. EF, peak myocardial velocities, native T1, T2, extracellular volume (ECV), and myocardial strain were quantified. N = 7 mice were sacrificed for histopathologic assessment of apoptosis at 5/6 weeks. RESULTS Global peak systolic longitudinal velocity was reduced at 5/6 weeks in Dox (0.6 ± 0.3 vs 0.9 ± 0.3, p = 0.02). In the Dox group, native T1 was reduced at 5/6 weeks (1.3 ± 0.2 ms vs 1.6 ± 0.2 ms, p = 0.02), and relatively normalized at week 10 (1.4 ± 0.1 ms vs 1.6 ± 0.2 ms, p > 0.99). There was no change in EF and other MRI parameters and histopathologic results demonstrated minimal apoptosis in all mice (~1-2 apoptotic cell/high power field), suggesting early-stage cardiotoxicity. CONCLUSIONS In a mouse model of chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity using doxorubicin and trastuzumab, advanced CMR shows promise in identifying treatment-related decrease in myocardial velocity and native T1 prior to the onset of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and reduction of EF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nivedita K Naresh
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sol Misener
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zhouli Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cynthia Yang
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alexander Ruh
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nicola Bertolino
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Frederick H Epstein
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jeremy D Collins
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Michael Markl
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
- McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daniele Procissi
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - James C Carr
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bradley A Allen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, 737 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago, IL, USA
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Li Y, Li X, Yu X, Lin M, Ouyang H, Xie L, Shang Y. Investigating the value of arterial spin labeling and intravoxel incoherent motion imaging on diagnosing nasopharyngeal carcinoma in T1 stage. Cancer Imaging 2020; 20:62. [PMID: 32859273 PMCID: PMC7456064 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-020-00339-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the diagnostic value of arterial spin labeling (ASL) and intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging in distinguishing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in T1 stage from healthy controls (HC). METHODS Forty-five newly diagnosed NPC patients in the T1 stage and thirty-one healthy volunteers who underwent MR examinations for both 3D pseudo-continuous ASL (pCASL) and IVIM were enrolled in this study. The Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the mean values of blood flow (BF) derived from pCASL and IVIM derived parameters, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), pure molecular diffusion (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D*) and perfusion fraction (f) between NPC tumor and benign nasopharyngeal mucosa of HC. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) was performed to determine diagnostic cutoff and efficiency. The correlation coefficients among parameters were investigated using Spearman's test. RESULTS The NPC in the T1 stage showed higher mean BF, lower ADC, D, and f compared to benign nasopharyngeal mucosa (P < 0.001) with the area under curve of ROC of 0.742-0.996 (highest by BF). BF cutoff was set at > 36 mL/100 g/min; the corresponding sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in differentiating NPC stage T1 from benign nasopharyngeal mucosa were 95.56% (43/45), 100% (31/31) and 97.37% (74/76), respectively. BF demonstrated moderate negative correlation with D* on HC (ρ [Spearman correlation coefficients] = - 0.426, P = 0.017). CONCLUSIONS ASL and IVIM could reflect the difference in perfusion and diffusion between tumor and benign nasopharyngeal mucosa, indicating a potential for accessing early diagnosis of NPC. Notably, BF, with a specificity of 100%, demonstrated better performance compared to IVIM in distinguishing malignant lesions from healthy tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100021
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100021
| | - Xiaoduo Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100021
| | - Meng Lin
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100021.
| | - Han Ouyang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No17, Panjiayuannanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing, P.R. China, 100021
| | - Lizhi Xie
- MR Research China, GE Healthcare, Beijing, Beijing, P.R. China, 100176
| | - Yuqing Shang
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, CT06510, USA
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Wei Z, Chen L, Hou X, van Zijl PCM, Xu J, Lu H. Age-Related Alterations in Brain Perfusion, Venous Oxygenation, and Oxygen Metabolic Rate of Mice: A 17-Month Longitudinal MRI Study. Front Neurol 2020; 11:559. [PMID: 32595596 PMCID: PMC7304368 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Characterization of physiological parameters of the aging brain, such as perfusion and brain metabolism, is important for understanding brain function and diseases. Aging studies on human brain have mostly been based on the cross-sectional design, while the few longitudinal studies used relatively short follow-up time compared to the lifespan. Objectives: To determine the longitudinal time courses of cerebral physiological parameters across the adult lifespan in mice. Methods: The present work examined longitudinal changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral venous oxygenation (Yv), and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) using MRI in healthy C57BL/6 mice from 3 to 20 months of age. Each mouse received 16 imaging sessions at an ~1-month interval. Results: Significant increases with age were observed in CBF (p = 0.017) and CMRO2 (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, Yv revealed a significant decrease (p = 0.002) with a non-linear pattern (p = 0.013). The rate of change was 0.87, 2.26, and -0.24% per month for CBF, CMRO2, and Yv, respectively. On the other hand, systemic parameters such as heart rate did not show a significant age dependence (p = 0.47). No white-matter-hyperintensities (WMH) were observed on the T2-weighted image at any age of the mice. Conclusion: With age, the mouse brain revealed an increase in oxygen consumption. This observation is consistent with previous findings in humans using a cross-sectional design and suggests a degradation of the brain's energy production or utilization machinery. Cerebral perfusion remains relatively intact in aged mice, at least until 20 months of age, consistent with the absence of WMH in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Wei
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Lin Chen
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Xirui Hou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Peter C. M. van Zijl
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Jiadi Xu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | - Hanzhang Lu
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
- F. M. Kirby Research Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Research Institute, Baltimore, MA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, United States
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10
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Sharma UC, Sonkawade SD, Baird A, Chen M, Xu S, Sexton S, Singh AK, Groman A, Turowski SG, Spernyak JA, Mahajan SD, Pokharel S. Effects of a novel peptide Ac-SDKP in radiation-induced coronary endothelial damage and resting myocardial blood flow. CARDIO-ONCOLOGY 2018; 4. [PMID: 31057947 PMCID: PMC6497419 DOI: 10.1186/s40959-018-0034-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer survivors treated with thoracic ionizing radiation are at higher risk of premature death due to myocardial ischemia. No therapy is currently available to prevent or mitigate these effects. We tested the hypothesis that an endogenous tetrapeptide N-acetyl-Ser-Asp-Lys-Pro (Ac-SDKP) counteracts radiation-induced coronary vascular fibrosis and endothelial cell loss and preserves myocardial blood flow. Methods We examined a rat model with external-beam-radiation exposure to the cardiac silhouette. We treated a subgroup of irradiated rats with subcutaneous Ac-SDKP for 18-weeks. We performed cardiac MRI with Gadolinium contrast to examine resting myocardial blood flow content. Upon sacrifice, we examined coronary endothelial-cell-density, fibrosis, apoptosis and endothelial tight-junction proteins (TJP). In vitro, we examined Ac-SDKP uptake by the endothelial cells and tested its effects on radiation-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In vivo, we injected labeled Ac-SDKP intravenously and examined its endothelial localization after 4-h. Results We found that radiation exposure led to reduced resting myocardial blood flow content. There was concomitant endothelial cell loss and coronary fibrosis. Smaller vessels and capillaries showed more severe changes than larger vessels. Real-time PCR and confocal microscopy showed radiation-induced loss of TJ proteins including- claudin-1 and junctional adhesion molecule-2 (JAM-2). Ac-SDKP normalized myocardial blood flow content, inhibited endothelial cell loss, reduced coronary fibrosis and restored TJ-assembly. In vitro, Ac-SDKP localized to endothelial cells and inhibited radiation-induced endothelial ROS generation. In vivo, labeled Ac-SDKP was visualized into the endothelium 4-h after the intravenous injection. Conclusions We concluded that Ac-SDKP has protective effects against radiation-induced reduction of myocardial blood flow. Such protective effects are likely mediated by neutralization of ROS-mediated injury, preservation of endothelial integrity and inhibition of fibrosis. This demonstrates a strong therapeutic potential of Ac-SDKP to counteract radiotherapy-induced coronary disease. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40959-018-0034-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umesh C Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Swati D Sonkawade
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Andrew Baird
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Shirley Xu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Sandra Sexton
- Laboratory Animal Shared Resource Facility, Roswell Park Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Anurag K Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Adrienne Groman
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Steven G Turowski
- Translational Imaging Shared Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Joseph A Spernyak
- Translational Imaging Shared Resources, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Supriya D Mahajan
- Department of Medicine, Jacob's School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Saraswati Pokharel
- Department of Pathology, Division of Thoracic Pathology and Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
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11
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Lindsey ML, Kassiri Z, Virag JAI, de Castro Brás LE, Scherrer-Crosbie M. Guidelines for measuring cardiac physiology in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 314:H733-H752. [PMID: 29351456 PMCID: PMC5966769 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00339.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death, and translational research is needed to understand better mechanisms whereby the left ventricle responds to injury. Mouse models of heart disease have provided valuable insights into mechanisms that occur during cardiac aging and in response to a variety of pathologies. The assessment of cardiovascular physiological responses to injury or insult is an important and necessary component of this research. With increasing consideration for rigor and reproducibility, the goal of this guidelines review is to provide best-practice information regarding how to measure accurately cardiac physiology in animal models. In this article, we define guidelines for the measurement of cardiac physiology in mice, as the most commonly used animal model in cardiovascular research. Listen to this article’s corresponding podcast at http://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/guidelines-for-measuring-cardiac-physiology-in-mice/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merry L Lindsey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Mississippi Center for Heart Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi.,Research Service, G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Centre, Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton, Alberta , Canada
| | - Jitka A I Virag
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina
| | - Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University , Greenville, North Carolina
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12
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Cui SX, Epstein FH. MRI assessment of coronary microvascular endothelial nitric oxide synthase function using myocardial T 1 mapping. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2246-2253. [PMID: 28782150 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) plays a central role in regulating vascular tone, blood flow, and microvascular permeability. Endothelial dysfunction, including eNOS dysfunction, is an early biomarker of vascular disease. This study aimed to show that myocardial T1 mapping during nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition could assess coronary microvascular eNOS function. METHODS Wild-type mice, eNOS-/- mice, and wild-type mice fed a high-fat diet underwent T1 mapping at baseline and for 20 min after injection of NG -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (LNAME), a NOS inhibitor. First-pass perfusion MRI was performed in wild-type mice at baseline and 5 min after LNAME injection. RESULTS T1 mapping detected an increase in myocardial T1 5 min after an injection of 4 mg/kg LNAME compared with baseline in control mice (T1 = 1515 ± 30 ms with LNAME versus T1 = 1402 ± 30 ms at baseline, P < 0.05). No change in myocardial T1 after LNAME injection was observed in eNOS-/- mice. The change in T1 after LNAME injection was less in high-fat-diet mice (ΔT1 = 31 ± 14 ms at 12 weeks of diet and ΔT1 = 16 ± 17 ms at 18 weeks of diet) compared with mice fed a standard diet (ΔT1 = 113 ± 15 ms), with P < 0.05. First-pass MRI measured similar perfusion at baseline and 5 min after LNAME injection. CONCLUSIONS NOS inhibition causes an increase in myocardial T1 in healthy mice, and this effect is mediated through eNOS. T1 mapping during NOS inhibition detects coronary microvascular eNOS dysfunction in high-fat-diet mice. T1 mapping during NOS inhibition may be useful in preclinical studies aiming to investigate mechanisms underlying and therapies for coronary microvascular eNOS dysfunction. Magn Reson Med 79:2246-2253, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia X Cui
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Frederick H Epstein
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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13
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Keith GA, Rodgers CT, Chappell MA, Robson MD. A look-locker acquisition scheme for quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging with FAIR arterial spin labeling in humans at 3 tesla. Magn Reson Med 2016; 78:541-549. [PMID: 27604183 PMCID: PMC5516148 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A novel method for quantitative measurement of myocardial blood flow (MBF) using arterial spin labeling (ASL) in a single breath-hold is presented, evaluated by simulations, phantom studies and in vivo studies and tested for reproducibility and variability. METHODS A flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) ASL method with Look-Locker readout (LL-FAIR-ASL) was implemented at 3 tesla. Scans were performed on 10 healthy volunteers and MBF measured in three slices. The method was investigated for reproducibility by Bland-Altman analysis and statistical measures, the coefficients of reproducibility (CR) and variation (CV) are reported. RESULTS The MBF values for the basal, mid, and apical slices were 1.04 ± 0.40, 1.06 ± 0.46, and 1.06 ± 0.38 ml/g/min, respectively (mean ± SD), which compare well with literature values. The CV across all scans, 43%, was greater than the between-session and within-session values, at 16 and 13%, respectively, for the mid-ventricular slice. The change in MBF required for detection, from the CR, was 61% between-session and 53% within-session for the mid-ventricle. CONCLUSION This study shows the feasibility of the LL-FAIR-ASL method for the quantification of MBF. The statistical measures reported will allow the planning of future clinical research studies involving rest and stress measurements. Magn Reson Med 78:541-549, 2017. © 2016 The Authors Magnetic Resonance in Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme A. Keith
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Chappell
- Institute of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Oxford, Old Road CampusOxfordUnited Kingdom
| | - Matthew D. Robson
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance ResearchUniversity of Oxford, John Radcliffe HospitalOxfordUnited Kingdom
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14
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Kober F, Jao T, Troalen T, Nayak KS. Myocardial arterial spin labeling. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2016; 18:22. [PMID: 27071861 PMCID: PMC4830031 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0235-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) technique for mapping regional myocardial blood flow. It does not require any contrast agents, is compatible with stress testing, and can be performed repeatedly or even continuously. ASL-CMR has been performed with great success in small-animals, but sensitivity to date has been poor in large animals and humans and remains an active area of research. This review paper summarizes the development of ASL-CMR techniques, current state-of-the-art imaging methods, the latest findings from pre-clinical and clinical studies, and future directions. We also explain how successful developments in brain ASL and small-animal ASL-CMR have helped to inform developments in large animal and human ASL-CMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Kober
- />Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS CRMBM UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Terrence Jao
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
| | - Thomas Troalen
- />Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS CRMBM UMR 7339, Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Krishna S. Nayak
- />Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
- />Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California USA
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