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Liu F, Austin TR, Schrack JA, Chen J, Walston J, Mathias RA, Grams M, Odden MC, Newman A, Psaty BM, Ramonfaur D, Shah AM, Windham BG, Coresh J, Walker KA. Late-life plasma proteins associated with prevalent and incident frailty: A proteomic analysis. Aging Cell 2023; 22:e13975. [PMID: 37697678 PMCID: PMC10652348 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteomic approaches have unique advantages in the identification of biological pathways that influence physical frailty, a multifactorial geriatric syndrome predictive of adverse health outcomes in older adults. To date, proteomic studies of frailty are scarce, and few evaluated prefrailty as a separate state or examined predictors of incident frailty. Using plasma proteins measured by 4955 SOMAmers in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Community study, we identified 134 and 179 proteins cross-sectionally associated with prefrailty and frailty, respectively, after Bonferroni correction (p < 1 × 10-5 ) among 3838 older adults aged ≥65 years, adjusting for demographic and physiologic factors and chronic diseases. Among them, 23 (17%) and 82 (46%) were replicated in the Cardiovascular Health Study using the same models (FDR p < 0.05). Notably, higher odds of prefrailty and frailty were observed with higher levels of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15; pprefrailty = 1 × 10-15 , pfrailty = 2 × 10-19 ), transgelin (TAGLN; pprefrailty = 2 × 10-12 , pfrailty = 6 × 10-22 ), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 (IGFBP2; pprefrailty = 5 × 10-15 , pfrailty = 1 × 10-15 ) and with a lower level of growth hormone receptor (GHR, pprefrailty = 3 × 10-16 , pfrailty = 2 × 10-18 ). Longitudinally, we identified 4 proteins associated with incident frailty (p < 1 × 10-5 ). Higher levels of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), TAGLN, and heart and adipocyte fatty-acid binding proteins predicted incident frailty. Differentially regulated proteins were enriched in pathways and upstream regulators related to lipid metabolism, angiogenesis, inflammation, and cell senescence. Our findings provide a set of plasma proteins and biological mechanisms that were dysregulated in both the prodromal and the clinical stage of frailty, offering new insights into frailty etiology and targets for intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyu Liu
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Thomas R. Austin
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Jennifer A. Schrack
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Center on Aging and HealthJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jingsha Chen
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jeremy Walston
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Morgan Grams
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Division of Precision MedicineNew York University Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Michelle C. Odden
- Department of Epidemiology and Population HealthStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCaliforniaUSA
| | - Anne Newman
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Bruce M. Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Systems and Population HealthUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Diego Ramonfaur
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Amil M. Shah
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cardiovascular MedicineBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - B. Gwen Windham
- Department of Medicine, MIND CenterUniversity of Mississippi Medical CenterJacksonMississippiUSA
| | - Josef Coresh
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Keenan A. Walker
- Laboratory of Behavioral NeuroscienceNational Institute on AgingBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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2
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Dib L, Koneva LA, Edsfeldt A, Zurke YX, Sun J, Nitulescu M, Attar M, Lutgens E, Schmidt S, Lindholm MW, Choudhury RP, Cassimjee I, Lee R, Handa A, Goncalves I, Sansom SN, Monaco C. Lipid-associated macrophages transition to an inflammatory state in human atherosclerosis increasing the risk of cerebrovascular complications. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2023; 2:656-672. [PMID: 38362263 PMCID: PMC7615632 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-023-00295-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The immune system is integral to cardiovascular health and disease. Targeting inflammation ameliorates adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Atherosclerosis, a major underlying cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is conceptualised as a lipid-driven inflammation where macrophages play a non-redundant role. However, evidence emerging so far from single cell atlases suggests a dichotomy between lipid associated and inflammatory macrophage states. Here, we present an inclusive reference atlas of human intraplaque immune cell communities. Combining scRNASeq of human surgical carotid endarterectomies in a discovery cohort with bulk RNASeq and immunohistochemistry in a validation cohort (the Carotid Plaque Imaging Project-CPIP), we reveal the existence of PLIN2hi/TREM1hi macrophages as a toll-like receptor-dependent inflammatory lipid-associated macrophage state linked to cerebrovascular events. Our study shifts the current paradigm of lipid-driven inflammation by providing biological evidence for a pathogenic macrophage transition to an inflammatory lipid-associated phenotype and for its targeting as a new treatment strategy for CVD.
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Grants
- FS/18/63/34184 British Heart Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (Novo Nordisk Foundation)
- British Heart Foundation (BHF)
- Fondation Leducq
- European Commission (EC)
- Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research (KENN161701, KENN202101, KENN192004), Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre.
- Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council)
- The Swedish Society for Medical Research, Crafoord foundation; The Swedish Society of Medicine, the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, Diabetes foundation, SUS foundation, Lund University Diabetes Center, The Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation, the Medical Faculty at Lund University and Region Skåne.
- Kennedy Trust for Rheumatology Research (KENN161701, KENN202101, KENN192004)
- Netcare-Physicians-Partnership trust
- Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning (Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research)
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Dib
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lada A. Koneva
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andreas Edsfeldt
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
- Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yasemin-Xiomara Zurke
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiangming Sun
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mihaela Nitulescu
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Moustafa Attar
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Cardiovascular Medicine and Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Steffen Schmidt
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, RNA Therapeutics Research, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | - Marie W. Lindholm
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, RNA Therapeutics Research, Roche Innovation Center Copenhagen, Hørsholm, Denmark
| | | | - Ismail Cassimjee
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Regent Lee
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ashok Handa
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Isabel Goncalves
- Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Clinical Research Center, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Stephen N. Sansom
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Claudia Monaco
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Littig JPB, Moellmer R, Agrawal DK, Rai V. Future applications of exosomes delivering resolvins and cytokines in facilitating diabetic foot ulcer healing. World J Diabetes 2023; 14:35-47. [PMID: 36684384 PMCID: PMC9850797 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v14.i1.35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of many lethal and debilitating conditions. Among them, foot ulceration due to neuropathy, vascular disease, or trauma affects the quality of life of millions in the United States and around the world. Physiological wound healing is stalled in the inflammatory phase by the chronicity of inflammation without proceeding to the resolution phase. Despite advanced treatment, diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are associated with a risk of amputation. Thus, there is a need for novel therapies to address chronic inflammation, decreased angiogenesis, and impaired granulation tissue formation contributing to the non-healing of DFUs. Studies have shown promising results with resolvins (Rv) and anti-inflammatory therapies that resolve inflammation and enhance tissue healing. But many of these studies have encountered difficulty in the delivery of Rv in terms of efficiency, tissue targetability, and immunogenicity. This review summarized the perspective of optimizing the therapeutic application of Rv and cytokines by pairing them with exosomes as a novel strategy for targeted tissue delivery to treat non-healing chronic DFUs. The articles discussing the T2DM disease state, current research on Rv for treating inflammation, the role of Rv in enhancing wound healing, and exosomes as a delivery vehicle were critically reviewed to find support for the proposition of using Rv and exosomes in combination for DFUs therapy. The literature reviewed suggests the beneficial role of Rv and exosomes and exosomes loaded with anti-inflammatory agents as promising therapeutic agents in ulcer healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P B Littig
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Rebecca Moellmer
- College of Podiatry, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Translational Research, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, United States
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Reich T, Adato O, Kofman NS, Faiglin A, Unger R. TREM2 has a significant, gender-specific, effect on human obesity. Sci Rep 2023; 13:482. [PMID: 36627355 PMCID: PMC9832124 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27272-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering Receptor Expressed On Myeloid Cells 2 (TREM2) is a membrane protein expressed on immune cells, involved in neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Recently, it was shown that TREM2 is expressed on lipid associated macrophages in adipose tissue, and that TREM2 knockout mice suffer from metabolic symptoms. Here, a computational study using public databases, brings direct evidence for the involvement of TREM2 in human obesity. First, we show a significant correlation between TREM2 expression levels and BMI in adipose tissues in samples from the GTEx database. This association was evident for males but not for females. Second, we identified in the UK Biobank cohort a coding SNP in TREM2 with a significant effect on BMI. Compared to previously identified SNPs associated with BMI, this SNP (rs2234256 SNP, L211P) has the strongest association, reflected in significantly higher BMI values of people carrying the SNP as heterozygous and even more for homozygous. Strikingly, this association was evident only for females. These observations suggest a novel gender-specific role of TREM2 in human obesity, and call for further studies to elucidate the mechanism by which this gene correlates with an obese phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzila Reich
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Orit Adato
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Naomi Schneid Kofman
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ariel Faiglin
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Ron Unger
- Faculty of Life Sciences, The Mina and Everard Goodman, Bar-Ilan University, 52900, Ramat Gan, Israel.
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Ibrahim HIM. Epigenetic Regulation of Obesity-Associated Type 2 Diabetes. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101366. [PMID: 36295527 PMCID: PMC9607337 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is becoming more widespread, and epidemics of this condition are now considered present in all developed countries, leading to public health concerns. The dramatic increases in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and related vascular difficulties are causing a public health crisis. Thus, it is imperative that these trends are curbed. Understanding the molecular underpinnings of these diseases is crucial to aiding in their detection or even management. Thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying the interactions between environment, lifestyle, and genetics is important for developing effective strategies for the management of obesity. The focus is on finding the vital role of epigenetic changes in the etiology of obesity. Genome and epigenome-wide approaches have revealed associations with T2DM. The epigenome indicates that there is a systematic link between genetic variants and environmental factors that put people at risk of obesity. The present review focuses on the epigenetic mechanism linked with obesity-associated T2DM. Although the utilization of epigenetic treatments has been discussed with reference to certain cancers, several challenges remain to be addressed for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hairul Islam Mohamed Ibrahim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Pondicherry Centre for Biological Science and Educational Trust, Puducherry 605004, India
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6
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Li RY, Qin Q, Yang HC, Wang YY, Mi YX, Yin YS, Wang M, Yu CJ, Tang Y. TREM2 in the pathogenesis of AD: a lipid metabolism regulator and potential metabolic therapeutic target. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:40. [PMID: 35658903 PMCID: PMC9166437 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00542-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a single-pass transmembrane immune receptor that is mainly expressed on microglia in the brain and macrophages in the periphery. Recent studies have identified TREM2 as a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increasing evidence has shown that TREM2 can affect lipid metabolism both in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the periphery. In the CNS, TREM2 affects the metabolism of cholesterol, myelin, and phospholipids and promotes the transition of microglia into a disease-associated phenotype. In the periphery, TREM2 influences lipid metabolism by regulating the onset and progression of obesity and its complications, such as hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. All these altered lipid metabolism processes could influence the pathogenesis of AD through several means, including affecting inflammation, insulin resistance, and AD pathologies. Herein, we will discuss a potential pathway that TREM2 mediates lipid metabolism to influence the pathogenesis of AD in both the CNS and periphery. Moreover, we discuss the possibility that TREM2 may be a key factor that links central and peripheral lipid metabolism under disease conditions, including AD. This link may be due to impacts on the integrity of the blood–brain barrier, and we introduce potential pathways by which TREM2 affects the blood–brain barrier. Moreover, we discuss the role of lipids in TREM2-associated treatments for AD. We propose some potential therapies targeting TREM2 and discuss the prospect and limitations of these therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yang Li
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Qin
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Han-Chen Yang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Xin Mi
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Yun-Si Yin
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Chao-Ji Yu
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Innovation Center for Neurological Disorders, Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Neurological Disorders, Beijing, China.
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7
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TREM-1 Modulates Dendritic Cells Maturation and Dendritic Cell-Mediated T-Cell Activation Induced by ox-LDL. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3951686. [PMID: 35637975 PMCID: PMC9148251 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3951686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) plays a crucial role in inflammatory diseases; recently, it was identified as a major upstream proatherogenic receptor, but its mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we explore the role of TREM-1 on dendritic cells maturation and inflammatory responses induced by ox-LDL and its possible mechanism. Human dendritic cells were differentiated from blood monocytes and treated with ox-LDL. Naive autologous T cells were cocultured with pretreated DCs or treated directly. The expression of TREM-1 and inflammatory factors were evaluated by real-time PCR, western blot, and ELISA methods. And the expression of immune factors to evaluate the DCs maturation and T-cell activation were determined by the FACS. Our study showed that ox-LDL induced TREM-1 expression, DC maturation, and T-cell activation. T cells exposed to ox-LDL-treated DCs produced interferon-γ and interleukin-17 (IL-17). Blocking TREM-1 suppressed the DC maturation, showing lower expression of CD1a, CD40, CD86, CD83, and HLA-DR, and limited their production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), meanwhile increased transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) and IL-10 production. Ox-LDL induced miR-155, miR-27, Let-7c, and miR-185 expression; however, TREM-1 inhibiting decreased miRNA-155 expression. Furthermore, silencing miRNA-155 restores SOCS1 repression induced by ox-LDL. Experiments with T cells derived from carotid atherosclerotic plaques or healthy individuals showed similar results. Our results uncover a new link between ox-LDL and TREM-1 and may provide insight into this interaction in the context of atherosclerosis.
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Tanaka M, Yamakage H, Muranaka K, Yamada T, Araki R, Ogo A, Matoba Y, Watanabe T, Saito M, Kurita S, Yonezawa K, Tanaka T, Suzuki M, Sawamura M, Matsumoto M, Nishimura M, Kusakabe T, Wada H, Hasegawa K, Kotani K, Noda M, Satoh-Asahara N. Higher Serum Soluble TREM2 as a Potential Indicative Biomarker for Cognitive Impairment in Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Without Obesity: The DOR-KyotoJ-1. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:880148. [PMID: 35592778 PMCID: PMC9110765 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.880148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for dementia. We investigated whether serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (sTREM2), a soluble form of the cell surface receptor TREM2, were predictive of cognitive impairment in type 2 diabetes without obesity. METHODS A total of 166 Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes without obesity were followed-up for 2 years. We measured clinical parameters, assessed cognitive function using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE), quantified and divided serum sTREM2 levels into quartiles, and examined the longitudinal associations. RESULTS During the follow-up, HbA1c levels were elevated in 98 patients and decreased in 68 patients. In the HbA1c-elevated group, higher sTREM2 levels at baseline showed a significant association with a greater tendency for reduction in MMSE scores (P for trend = 0.015), whereas they were not significantly associated with other examined parameters. In the HbA1c-decreased group, there was no significant association between sTREM2 levels at baseline and changes in MMSE scores, but higher sTREM2 levels at baseline were significantly associated with a greater tendency for reduction in waist circumference (P for trend = 0.027), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (P for trend = 0.039), and sTREM2 levels (P for trend = 0.023). CONCLUSIONS Glycemic control is suggested to be important in preventing cognitive impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes without obesity. Higher serum sTREM2 levels would be a predictive marker for cognitive impairment in inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes without obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Health Science University, Yamanashi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriko Satoh-Asahara, ; Masashi Tanaka,
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Muranaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Yamada
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center, Aichi, Japan
| | - Rika Araki
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, National Hospital Organization National Mie Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Atsushi Ogo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuka Matoba
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Watanabe
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyushu Medical Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miho Saito
- Department of Internal Medicine, Tokushima National Hospital, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Seiichiro Kurita
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yonezawa
- Department of Clinical Research, Hakodate National Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, National Hospital Organization Mie Chuo Medical Center, Mie, Japan
| | - Masahiro Suzuki
- Department of Clinical Research, National Hospital Organization Saitama Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Morio Sawamura
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Shibukawa Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Morio Matsumoto
- Department of Hematology, National Hospital Organization Shibukawa Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Motonobu Nishimura
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, National Hospital Organization Chibahigashi National Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toru Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiromichi Wada
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Hasegawa
- Division of Translational Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Noda
- Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Ichikawa Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
- Department of Metabolic Syndrome and Nutritional Science, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Aichi, Japan
- *Correspondence: Noriko Satoh-Asahara, ; Masashi Tanaka,
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9
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Balaji S, Cholan PK, Victor DJ. Evaluation of "soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-8" as a short panel of salivary biomarkers in patients with and without stage III/IV periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 12:33-37. [PMID: 34745862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Periodontitis involves a dynamic disease process, demanding the identification of biomarkers to diagnose the current state of disease activity. Therefore this study assessed the potential of "sTREM-1, IL-1β, and MMP-8" as a short panel of biomarkers of host biological process indicating the inflammatory burden in periodontium and thereby serving as a panel of diagnostic markers in periodontal disease. Methods Sixty eight patients were recruited and allotted into four groups comprising of subjects with clinically healthy gingiva and Stage III/IV Periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes with HbA1c levels in the range of 6.5-7.9%. Periodontal parameters were measured and full mouth radiographic assessment was done. Whole saliva (unstimulated) samples were collected from all patients and estimation of the levels of markers was done employing ELISA. Results All the three biomarkers were noted to be the lowest in group I (sTREM-1: 75.63 ± 13.77; IL-1β: 15.67 ± 3.39; MMP-8: 85.83 ± 22.32) and highest in group IV (sTREM-1: 138.83 ± 14.89; IL-1β: 39.19 ± 7.20; MMP-8: 201.15 ± 50.32) with statistically significant difference. The difference observed between groups II and III for all the biomarkers assessed were statistically insignificant. The clinical parameters and HbA1c levels had positive correlation with the levels of biomarkers which was statistically significant. Conclusion This study unveils the potential of the short panel of biomarkers ("sTREM-1, IL-1β, and MMP-8") to be used as diagnostic and possible prognostic markers for Periodontitis. It further corroborates the role of type 2 diabetes mellitus in amplifying the diverse processes that result in periodontal destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Balaji
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Priyanka K Cholan
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
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10
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Ji Z, Zhang R, Yang M, Zuo W, Yao Y, Qu Y, Su Y, Liu Z, Gu Z, Ma G. Accuracy of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 in diagnosis and prognosis of acute myocardial infarction: a prospective cohort study. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11655. [PMID: 34221733 PMCID: PMC8231339 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the fatal cardiac emergencies. The detection of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM1), a cell surface immunoglobulin that amplifies pro-inflammatory responses, screened by bioinformatics was shown to be significant in diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of AMI. Methods GSE66360, GSE61144 and GSE60993 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to explore the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between AMI and control groups using R software. A total of 147 patients in total were prospectively enrolled from October 2018 to June 2019 and divided into two groups, the normal group (n = 35) and the AMI group (n = 112). Plasma was collected from each patient at admission and all patients received 6-month follow-up care. Results According to bioinformatic analysis, TREM1 was an important DEG in patients with AMI. Compared with the normal group, TREM1 expression was markedly increased in the AMI group (p < 0.001). TREM1 expression was positively correlated with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAC), and the number of lesion vessels, although it had no correlation with Gensini score. TREM1 expression in the triple-vessels group was significantly higher than that of the single-vessel group (p < 0.05). Multiple linear regression showed that UA and HbAC were two factors influencing TREM1 expression. The ROC curve showed that TREM1 had a diagnostic significance in AMI (p < 0.001), especially in AMI patients without diabetes. Cox regression showed increased TREM1 expression was closely associated with 6-month major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) (p < 0.001). Conclusions TREM1 is a potentially significant biomarker for the diagnosis of AMI and may be closely associated with the severity of coronary lesions and diabetes. TREM1 may also be helpful in predicting the 6-month MACEs after AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjun Ji
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjie Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangyang Qu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yamin Su
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuyuan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziran Gu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University , Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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11
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Liu C, Li P, Li H, Wang S, Ding L, Wang H, Ye H, Jin Y, Hou J, Fang X, Shu Q. TREM2 regulates obesity-induced insulin resistance via adipose tissue remodeling in mice of high-fat feeding. J Transl Med 2019; 17:300. [PMID: 31477129 PMCID: PMC6720981 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2050-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adipose tissue remodeling plays a significant role in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Published studies reported that level of trigger receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) in adipose tissue is up-regulated in animal models of obesity. This study aims to investigate whether TREM2 regulates obesity-induced insulin resistance via modulating adipose tissue remodeling in mice of high-fat diet (HFD). Methods Wild-type (WT) and TREM2−/− mice were both fed with a controlled-fat diet (CFD) or HFD for 12 weeks and studied for obesity and insulin resistance. Meanwhile, epididymal adipose tissue (EAT) was examined for morphological and pathological changes to determine adipose tissue remodeling. After that, adipocyte-derived MCP-1 was measured in adipocytes, adipose tissue and circulation. Next, inflammatory cytokines were determined in adipose tissue macrophages (ATM). At last, livers were analyzed for hepatic steatosis. Results TREM2−/− mice on HFD had increased obesity and insulin resistance compared with WT counterparts. Adipose tissue from TREM2−/− mice exhibited reduced mass but greater adipocyte hypertrophy and increased adipocyte death. Besides, adipocyte-derived MCP-1 was down-regulated in TREM2−/− mice, and circulating MCP-1 level was lower than that of WT mice. Furthermore, TREM2−/− mice displayed reduced infiltration of F4/80+CD11c+ macrophages into adipose tissue, which was unable to form crown-like structures (CLS) to clean dead adipocytes and cellular contents. Also, TREM2 deficiency augmented inflammatory response of adipose tissue macrophages in HFD mice. In addition, TREM2−/− mice demonstrated more severe hepatic steatosis than WT counterparts under HFD feeding. Conclusions Trigger receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 may function as a feedback mechanism to curb obesity-induced insulin resistance via regulating adipose tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Liu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China
| | - Pinhao Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sicong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Ding
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hanbin Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinchao Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangming Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Anesthesiology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiang Shu
- Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, No. 3333 Binsheng Road, Hangzhou, 310052, Zhejiang, China.
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12
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Yang H, Graham LC, Reagan AM, Grabowska WA, Schott WH, Howell GR. Transcriptome profiling of brain myeloid cells revealed activation of Itgal, Trem1, and Spp1 in western diet-induced obesity. J Neuroinflammation 2019; 16:169. [PMID: 31426806 PMCID: PMC6700800 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-019-1527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Environmental factors are critical in the development of age-related cognitive decline and dementia. A western diet (WD) can cause nutrient deficiency and inflammation that could impact cognition directly. It is increasingly recognized that innate immune responses by brain myeloid cells, such as resident microglia, and infiltrating peripheral monocytes/macrophages may represent an essential link between a WD, cognitive decline, and dementia. Our previous data demonstrated that chronic consumption of a WD induced inflammation through brain myeloid cells in aging mice and a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the subtypes of myeloid cells that contribute to the WD-induced inflammation remain unclear. Methods C57BL/6J (B6), myeloid cell reporter mice (B6.Ccr2RFP/+Cx3cr1GFP/+), and Ccr2-deficient mice (B6.Ccr2RFP/RFP) were fed a WD or a control chow diet (CD) from 2 to 6 or 12 months of age. CD11b+CD45lo and CD11b+CD45hi cells from WD- and CD-fed B6 or Ccr2-deficient mice were characterized using flow cytometry, RNA-sequencing, and immunofluorescence. Results Ccr2::RFP expressing myeloid cells were significantly increased in brains of WD- compared to CD-fed mice, but were not elevated in Ccr2-deficient WD-fed mice. The percent of CD11b+CD45hi cells was significantly increased in WD- compared to CD-fed mice. Comparison of RNA-sequencing data with immune cell data in ImmGen supports that CD11b+CD45hi cells from WD-fed mice are enriched for peripheral monocytes and neutrophils. Ingenuity pathway analysis predicted these cells elicit proinflammatory responses that may be damaging to the brain. Using stringent criteria for gene expression levels between CD11b+CD45hi and CD11b+CD45lo cells, we identified approximately 70 genes that we predict are uniquely expressed in infiltrating cells, including Itgal, Trem1, and Spp1 (osteopontin, OPN). Finally, we show a significantly greater number of OPN+IBA1– cells in WD- compared to CD-fed mice that we propose are activated neutrophils based on ImmGen data. OPN+IBA1– cells are not significantly increased in Ccr2-deficient WD-fed mice. Conclusions These data further support the model that peripheral myeloid cells enter the brain in response to diet-induced obesity. Elucidating their contribution to age-related cognitive decline and age-related neurodegenerative diseases should offer new avenues for therapeutic intervention in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias, where diet/obesity are major risk factors. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-019-1527-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leah C Graham
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gareth R Howell
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA.,Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
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13
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Sao T, Yoshino Y, Yamazaki K, Ozaki Y, Mori Y, Ochi S, Yoshida T, Mori T, Iga JI, Ueno SI. TREM1 mRNA Expression in Leukocytes and Cognitive Function in Japanese Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 64:1275-1284. [PMID: 30010135 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) activates the innate immune system, promotes phagocytosis by microglia, and is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The possible role of a related molecule, TREM1, in AD remains unknown. OBJECTIVE We investigated a possible role for TREM1 in AD by determining the gene expression and methylation levels of TREM1 in leukocytes from AD patients. METHODS Fifty patients with AD and 50 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled. AD patients underwent a battery of neuropsychiatric tests. Peripheral blood samples were obtained from each participant, RNA and DNA were extracted, and samples were assessed for TREM1 mRNA expression and methylation rates at three CpG sites in the TREM1 promoter. RESULTS TREM1 mRNA expression levels in AD patients were significantly higher than those in controls (p = 0.008). TREM1 mRNA expression levels were not correlated with sex, age, duration of illness, APOE genotype, donepezil treatment, or scores of most neuropsychiatric tests. TREM1 mRNA expression levels in AD patients were correlated with the total score of the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (p = 0.047, r = - 0.344). Methylation rates at the three CpG sites were significantly lower in AD patients than in controls. We also found a significant correlation between TREM1 mRNA expression and TREM1 DNA methylation rates (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION TREM1 may be associated with the immune responses in AD, and along with hypomethylation at CpG sites in the TREM1 promoter, may become part of a biomarker panel for AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Sao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuta Yoshino
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Yamazaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yuki Ozaki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yoko Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Ochi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Taku Yoshida
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takaaki Mori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Iga
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shu-Ichi Ueno
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Molecules and Function, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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14
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Zi Y, Yi-An Y, Bing J, Yan L, Jing T, Chun-Yu G, Fan P, Hao L, Jia-Ni T, Han-Jin H, Fei C, Xue-Bo L. Sirt6-induced autophagy restricted TREM-1-mediated pyroptosis in ox-LDL-treated endothelial cells: relevance to prognostication of patients with acute myocardial infarction. Cell Death Discov 2019; 5:88. [PMID: 30993014 PMCID: PMC6461678 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-019-0168-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation mediated by myeloid cells trigger receptors 1 (TREM-1) is important for atherosclerosis development, while sirtuin 6 (Sirt6) levels decrease in atheroscleoritc plaque. Here we demonstrate that oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated endothelial cells (ECs) exhibited increased TREM-1-mediated pyroptosis and decreased Sirt6-induced autophagy. We show that high sTREM-1 and low sSirt6 levels were independent predictors of boosted endothelial microparticles (EMPs) on admission, and were associated with increased risk for all-cause mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at median 24 months (interquartile range, 18–26) follow-up in acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients. Additionally, blockage of Sirt6-induced autophagy led to augmented TREM-1-mediated pyroptosis, whereas Sirt6 overexpression attenuated ECs inflammation and pyroptosis following ox-LDL treatment. Our findings indicate that TREM-1 and in a reversed trend Sirt6 appeared to be markers of endothelial inflammation with potential for use in risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zi
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Yi-An
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji Bing
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lai Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guan Chun-Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Fan
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tang Jia-Ni
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hou Han-Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Fei
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liu Xue-Bo
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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15
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Vázquez CMP, Costa JO, Bomfim LGS, Pires LV, da Silva DG, Fukutani KF, de Jesus AR, de Jesus Silva N, de Jesus Santana G, de Moura TR, Barbosa K. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and Triggering Receptor-Expressed Myeloid Cell (TREM-1) Levels Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Nonobese, Clinically Healthy, and Young Adults. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7306867. [PMID: 30944697 PMCID: PMC6421781 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7306867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and inflammatory substances play an important role in the genesis of processes related to cardiometabolic risk. High levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and of triggering receptor-expressed myeloid cells (TREM-1) are associated with cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we evaluate the association of the plasma concentrations of Ox-LDL and serum levels of circulating TREM-1 (sTREM-1) with the components of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and other associated risk parameters. Although the individuals in this study were young, nonobese, and did not have signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of diseases, they already presented components of CMR. Ox-LDL lipid fraction correlated positively with CMR-related markers: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage, total cholesterol, LDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides, atherogenic cholesterol, and atherogenic index. Among these parameters, atherogenic cholesterol had a greater predictive effect for Ox-LDL alterations. Individuals with higher serum concentrations of sTREM-1 presented higher values for BMI, WC, triglycerides, VLDL-c, and atherogenic cholesterol. WC showed an effect on the association between the sTREM-1's inflammatory response and the components of CMR. The association of oxidative and inflammatory markers with anthropometric parameters and atherogenic cholesterol in nonobese, clinically healthy, and young individuals suggests the importance of early evaluation of these markers in order to prevent future cardiac events.
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16
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Ohara T, Hata J, Tanaka M, Honda T, Yamakage H, Yoshida D, Inoue T, Hirakawa Y, Kusakabe T, Shibata M, Teraoka T, Kitazono T, Kanba S, Satoh-Asahara N, Ninomiya T. Serum Soluble Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 2 as a Biomarker for Incident Dementia: The Hisayama Study. Ann Neurol 2018; 85:47-58. [PMID: 30485483 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), a soluble type of an innate immune receptor expressed on the microglia, and the risk of dementia. METHODS A total of 1,349 Japanese community residents aged 60 and older without dementia were followed prospectively for 10 years (2002-2012). Serum sTREM2 levels were quantified by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and divided into quartiles. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of serum sTREM2 levels on the risk of dementia. RESULTS During the follow-up, 300 subjects developed all-cause dementia; 193 had Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 85 had vascular dementia (VaD). The age- and sex-adjusted incidences of all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD elevated significantly with higher serum sTREM2 levels (all p for trend < 0.012). These associations were not altered after adjustment for confounding factors, including high-sensitive C-reactive protein. Subjects with the highest quartile of serum sTREM2 levels had significantly higher multivariable-adjusted risks of developing all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD than those with the lowest quartile (HR = 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.39-2.97, p < 0.001 for all-cause dementia; HR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.02-2.55, p = 0.04 for AD; HR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.35-6.02, p = 0.006 for VaD). No significant heterogeneity in the association of serum sTREM2 levels with the development of dementia was observed among the other risk factor subgroups (all p for heterogeneity > 0.11). INTERPRETATION The present findings suggest a significant association between increased serum sTREM2 levels and the risk of developing all-cause dementia, AD, and VaD in the general elderly Japanese population. ANN NEUROL 2019;85:47-58.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyuki Ohara
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Takayuki Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Toru Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | | | - Takanari Kitazono
- Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Shigenobu Kanba
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.,Department of Center for Cohort Studies, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka
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17
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Tanaka M, Honda T, Yamakage H, Hata J, Yoshida D, Hirakawa Y, Shibata M, Inoue T, Kusakabe T, Satoh-Asahara N, Ninomiya T. A potential novel pathological implication of serum soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 in insulin resistance in a general Japanese population: The Hisayama study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2018; 146:225-232. [PMID: 30339787 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS No cohort study has examined the pathological significance of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2), a cell surface receptor expressed on myeloid lineage cells, and its soluble form, sTREM2, in insulin resistance in a general population. METHODS A total of 2742 community-dwelling Japanese individuals aged ≥40 years were divided into 4 groups according to the serum sTREM2 concentration quartiles. We examined the cross-sectional association of sTREM2 levels with anthropometric parameters and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS The median sTREM2 concentrations was 255.6 (interquartile range, 162.5-419.2) pg/mL. In multivariate analyses, waist circumference and fat mass index increased with elevating sTREM2 levels (P for trend: <0.001 and 0.02, respectively), but there was no significant association between sTREM2 levels and body mass index and fat-free mass index. Among the subjects without taking antidiabetic medications (n = 2610), greater sTREM2 levels were associated with higher HOMA-IR (P for trend <0.001) even after adjusting for waist circumference, fat mass index, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that serum sTREM2 had novel pathological roles in insulin resistance, while obesity and inflammation had no substantial effects on the relationship between sTREM2 and insulin resistance in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Tanaka
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Takanori Honda
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hajime Yamakage
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Jun Hata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Daigo Yoshida
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hirakawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Mao Shibata
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Takayuki Inoue
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Toru Kusakabe
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Noriko Satoh-Asahara
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Hypertension Research, Clinical Research Institute, National Hospital Organization Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto 612-8555, Japan
| | - Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
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18
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Kouassi KT, Gunasekar P, Agrawal DK, Jadhav GP. TREM-1; Is It a Pivotal Target for Cardiovascular Diseases? J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2018; 5:jcdd5030045. [PMID: 30205488 PMCID: PMC6162371 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd5030045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are as menacing as ever and still continue to kill adults worldwide, notwithstanding tremendous efforts to decrease their consequent mortality and morbidity. Lately, a growing body of research indicated that inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and complications of CVDs. A receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) was shown to induce and amplify the inflammation in both acute and chronic disease’ pathogenesis and progression, which hence makes it one of the most important complication factors of CVDs. Thus, studies endeavored to investigate the role played by TREM-1 in CVDs with respect to their etiologies, complications, and possible therapeutics. We examined here, for the first time, the most relevant studies regarding TREM-1 involvement in CVDs. We critically analyzed and summarized our findings and made some suggestions for furtherance of the investigations with the aim to utilize TREM-1 and its pathways for diagnostic, management, and prognosis of CVDs. Overall, TREM-1 was found to be involved in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic cardiovascular conditions, such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and atherosclerosis. Although most therapeutic approaches are yet to be elucidated, our present research outcome displays a promising future to utilizing the TREM-1 pathway as a potential target for understanding and managing CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kouassi T Kouassi
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Palanikumar Gunasekar
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
| | - Gopal P Jadhav
- Department of Clinical and Translational Sciences, School of Medicine, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178, USA.
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Increased serum TREM-1 level is associated with in-stent restenosis, and activation of TREM-1 promotes inflammation, proliferation and migration in vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2017; 267:10-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Rudick CP, Miyamoto T, Lang MS, Agrawal DK. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: potential novel treatment strategies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2017; 13:1189-1197. [PMID: 29027827 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2017.1392855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal diseases are polymicrobial inflammatory disorders of the tissue, ligament, and bone structures supporting teeth. Periodontitis (inflammation with corresponding loss of attachment) affects 40-50% of adults. Recently, members of the Triggering Receptor on Myeloid Cell (TREM) family have been studied to determine their relationship to these diseases. Areas covered: TREM-1 is a receptor expressed on the surface of PMNs, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and keratinocytes upregulated in the presence of periodontal inflammation. TREM-1 expression can be upregulated by oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis that can be abrogated by a sub-antimicrobial dose of doxycycline. When cleaved from the cell surface, a soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) can be used as a biomarker of inflammation and might also provide a link between oral and systemic inflammation. While less understood, TREM-2 has a role in osteoclastogenesis which could contribute to the alveolar bone destruction seen in more advanced periodontitis. Expert commentary: Additional studies to simulate biofilm microenvironment in TREM research are warranted. Longitudinal studies determining TREM-1, sTREM-1, and TREM-2 levels in tissues over time and progression of periodontal diseases would provide valuable information in the role of TREM receptors as indicators of or contributors to the disease process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney P Rudick
- a Department of Clinical & Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Takanari Miyamoto
- b Department of Periodontology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Melissa S Lang
- b Department of Periodontology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- a Department of Clinical & Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
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Subramanian S, Pallati PK, Sharma P, Agrawal DK, Nandipati KC. Significant association of TREM-1 with HMGB1, TLRs and RAGE in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance in obese diabetic populations. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:3224-3244. [PMID: 28804542 PMCID: PMC5553874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Activated cell surface and intracellular receptors lead to insulin resistance in obesity. Among these receptors, triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1, toll like receptors (TLRs), and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) play a significant role in the induction of inflammatory response in innate immunity. TREM-1 potentially amplifies TLRs and RAGE synergistically with DNA-binding high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB-1). The objective of the study was to analyze the association between TREM-1/DAP12 and HMGB-1, RAGE and TLRs in obesity-induced insulin resistance. We examined the mRNA expression by RT-PCR and protein expression by Western blotting and immunofluorescence for TREM-1, TREM-2, DAP-12, HMGB-1, RAGE, TLR-4 and TLR-2 in omentum, subcutaneous and liver biopsy tissues of obese diabetic (n=22) and non-diabetic subjects (n=24) and compared with the non-obese non-diabetic controls (n=5). There was a significantly increased expression of TREM-1, DAP-12, HMGB-1, RAGE, TLR-4 and TLR-2 and decreased expression of TREM-2 in the omentum, subcutaneous and liver biopsy of obese diabetic subjects compared to obese non-diabetics and the non-obese population. Overall, obese diabetic subjects had high expression of TREM-1 in association with HMGB1 (100% vs 58.3%, P=0.003), RAGE (77.3% vs 41.7%, P=0.045), TLR4 (100% vs 58.3%, P=0.003), and TLR2 (100% vs 50%, P=0.003) in liver biopsy samples in comparison to obese non-diabetic subjects. Obese diabetics have significantly increased TREM-1, HMGB1, RAGE, and TLRs compared to obese non-diabetics. Our findings suggest a potential pathophysiological role of TREM-1 in conjunction with HMGB1 and inflammatory cell receptors (RAGE, TLR-4 and TLR-2) in obesity-induced insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Subramanian
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Pradeep K Pallati
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kalyana C Nandipati
- Department of Clinical & Translational Science, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Creighton UniversityOmaha, Nebraska, USA
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Rosenberg JH, Rai V, Dilisio MF, Sekundiak TD, Agrawal DK. Increased expression of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in osteoarthritis of human knee joint compared to hip joint. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 436:59-69. [PMID: 28573383 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease characterized by the destruction of cartilage. The greatest risk factors for the development of OA include age and obesity. Recent studies suggest the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of OA. The two most common locations for OA to occur are in the knee and hip joints. The knee joint experiences more mechanical stress, cartilage degeneration, and inflammation than the hip joint. This could contribute to the increased incidence of OA in the knee joint. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), including high-mobility group box-1, receptor for advanced glycation end products, and alarmins (S100A8 and S100A9), are released in the joint in response to stress-mediated chondrocyte and cartilage damage. This facilitates increased cartilage degradation and inflammation in the joint. Studies have documented the role of DAMPs in the pathogenesis of OA; however, the comparison of DAMPs and its influence on OA has not been discussed. In this study, we compared the DAMPs between OA knee and hip joints and found a significant difference in the levels of DAMPs expressed in the knee joint compared to the hip joint. The increased levels of DAMPs suggest a difference in the underlying pathogenesis of OA in the knee and the hip and highlights DAMPs as potential therapeutic targets for OA in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- John H Rosenberg
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Vikrant Rai
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Matthew F Dilisio
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.,Orthopedic Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Todd D Sekundiak
- Orthopedic Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA. .,Department of Clinical and Translational Science, The Peekie Nash Carpenter Endowed Chair in Medicine, Creighton University School of Medicine, CRISS II Room 510, 2500 California Plaza, Omaha, NE, 68178, USA.
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Subramanian S, Pallati PK, Sharma P, Agrawal DK, Nandipati KC. TREM-1 associated macrophage polarization plays a significant role in inducing insulin resistance in obese population. J Transl Med 2017; 15:85. [PMID: 28454543 PMCID: PMC5408415 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-017-1187-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND TREM-1 acts as an amplifier of inflammation expressed on macrophages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between TREM-1 and macrophage polarization, and association of TREM-1 and M1 macrophage polarization with insulin resistance (IR) in obese population compared to non-obese population. METHODS We enrolled 38 patients after obtaining IRB approval for this study. We evaluated the mRNA and protein expression levels of general macrophage marker (CD68), M1 marker (CD86, CCR7, iNOS, IFNγ, TNF-α and IL-6,), M2 marker (CD206, CD163, IL-10, IL-4) and chemokine axis (MCP-1, CCR2 and CCR5) along with TREM-1 and TREM-2 in omentum fat, subcutaneous fat, and liver biopsy tissues of non-obese (N = 5), obese non-diabetics, (N = 16) and obese diabetics (N = 17). RESULTS The results of our study showed over-expression of TREM-1, M1 markers and down-regulation of TREM-2 and M2 markers in the omentum, subcutaneous and liver biopsies of obese patients (diabetics and non-diabetics) compared to non-obese patients. Overall, the obese diabetic group showed a significant (p < 0.05) higher number of patients with over expression of M1 markers (TREM-1, CD68, CD86, CCR-7, iNOS, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, CCR-2 and CCR-5) and down-regulation of M2 markers (CD206, CD163 and IL-4) in liver biopsy compared to obese non-diabetics. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 expression is significantly increased along with the M1 markers in liver biopsy of obese diabetic (17/17) and obese non-diabetic patients (9/16). Our data suggests that TREM-1 overexpression and M1 macrophage polarization are associated with obesity-induced IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravanan Subramanian
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Pradeep K. Pallati
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, 601 N. 30th Street, Suite # 3700, Omaha, NE 68131 USA
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Pathology, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Devendra K. Agrawal
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
| | - Kalyana C. Nandipati
- Department of Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE USA
- Department of Surgery, Creighton University School of Medicine, 601 N. 30th Street, Suite # 3700, Omaha, NE 68131 USA
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