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Fejér J, Gruľová D, Eliašová A, Kron I. Seasonal Variability of Juniperus communis L. Berry Ethanol Extracts: 2. In Vitro Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) Assay. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27249027. [PMID: 36558161 PMCID: PMC9787287 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27249027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the seasonal variability of the in vitro ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), total phenols, and terpene hydrocarbon content in 70% ethanol extracts were evaluated. The samples of crushed (CBs) and non-crushed ripe juniper berries (NCBs) collected at five localities in North-East Slovakia during the years 2012-2014 were compared. The method of preparation of the extract influenced the amount of dry matter (DM) in the extracts. In the CB extracts were statistically higher contents of DM (from 13.91 ± 0.11 g·L-1 to 23.84 ± 0.14 g·L-1) compared to NCB extracts (from 1.39 ± 0.01 g·L-1 to 16.55 ± 0.09 g·L-1). The differences in antioxidant activity between the investigated localities were statistically significant for both types of extract. For example, in 2013 in the locality of Zbojné, the FRAP in NCBs was 76.62 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM and in CBs was 138.27 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM, while in the Miľpoš locality, in NCBs there was 232.66 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM and in CBs there was 1178.98 µmol·L-1·g-1 DM. The differences in the antioxidant activity between the studied years in the case of NCB extracts were not statistically significant. In the case of CB extracts, significant differences between the evaluated years were found. Statistics by ANOVA confirmed that CB extracts prepared from berries in the year 2013 showed significantly higher activity compared to CB extracts from berries from the years 2012 and 2014. Based on the Pearson we found a negative correlation coefficient between the FRAP assay and the content of total polyphenols in NCB extracts (-0.531 in 2012; -0.349 in 2013; and -0.224 in 2014). In contrast, CB extracts showed a positive correlation coefficient (0.843 in 2012; 0.742 in 2013; 0.617 in 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jozef Fejér
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gruľová
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Adriana Eliašová
- Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, Department of Ecology, University of Presov, 17. Novembra 1, 08001 Presov, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Kron
- Training & Consulting Ltd., 01001 Žilina, Slovakia
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Akaberi M, Boghrati Z, Amiri MS, Khayyat MH, Emami SA. A Review of Conifers in Iran: Chemistry, Biology and their Importance in Traditional and Modern Medicine. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1584-1613. [PMID: 32003665 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200128100023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cupressus sempervirens, Platycladus orientalis, Juniperus communis, J. excelsa, J. foetidissima, J. polycarpos var. turcomanica, J. sabina, and Taxus baccata are conifers in Iran. These plants have a long reputation in different systems of traditional medicines for a variety of diseases. This review aims to provide comprehensive and up-to-date information about the ethnopharmacological uses, chemical constituents, and pharmacology of these conifers. Furthermore this study comprises a bibliographical survey of major Islamic Traditional Medicine (ITM) books regarding different medical aspects of these species. A literature search was conducted on the applications of these conifers both in traditional and modern medicines by referencing traditional textbooks and scientific databases. Ethnobotanical literature review indicates that various parts of the plants including cones, berries, leaves, bark, wood, and resin have been used for a broad spectrum of applications. In Iran, C. sempervirens, J. sabina, J. communis, and T. baccata have been used traditionally for the treatment of urinary, digestive, nervous, respiratory, and integumentary systems-related problems. The phytochemical constituents of these plants can be divided into two main categories: volatile and non-volatile components, all dominated by terpenes. Considering the pharmacological and clinical evidence, while some of the traditional applications of these plants are supported by modern medicine, implying the value of the traditional and folklore knowledge for finding new lead compounds in drug discovery, some have remained unexamined showing the need for much more studies in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Akaberi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Boghrati
- Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad H Khayyat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed A Emami
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Raina R, Verma PK, Peshin R, Kour H. Potential of Juniperus communis L as a nutraceutical in human and veterinary medicine. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02376. [PMID: 31508527 PMCID: PMC6726717 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants have been used for thousands of years as medicine for treating variety of diseases and medical complaints by most of the civilizations. Juniperus communis L. is an evergreen aromatic shrub with high therapeutic potential for the treatment of diseases in human and animals. The plant is rich in aromatic oils, invert sugars, resins, catechin, organic acid, terpenic acids, leucoanthocyanidin, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, gums, lignins, wax, etc. Juniper berries or extract of the plant has traditionally been used as diuretic, anti-arthritis, anti-diabetes, antiseptic as well as for the treatment of gastrointestinal and autoimmune disorders. The essential oil and extracts of juniper have been experimentally documented to have antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities. Recent studies have also found anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of berries in experimental models. Further, the essential oil incorporation retarded lipid peroxidation in preserved meat due to its high antioxidant effect which not only improved meat product quality but also improved shelf life of the product. Thus natural antioxidant such as juniper can be used in place synthetic antioxidant for the preservation and improving self-life of meat products. New well designed clinical trials in human and animals using well-characterized J. communis extract or oil need to be conducted so that additional information is generated which can support the use of this natural product as a nutraceutical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajinder Raina
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu, 181102, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Pawan K. Verma
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu, 181102, Jammu & Kashmir, India
- Corresponding author.
| | - Rajinder Peshin
- Division of Agricultural Extension Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu Chatha, Jammu, 180009, India
| | - Harpreet Kour
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu, 181102, Jammu & Kashmir, India
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Dahmane D, Dob T, Chelghoum C. Essential oil composition and enantiomeric distribution of some monoterpenoid components of Juniperus communis L. from Algeria. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2015.1133458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dahmane Dahmane
- Laboratoire de Molécules Bio-Actives et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Ecole Normale Supérieure. Kouba- Algiers, Algeria. B.P. 92, Kouba- Algiers, Algeria
| | - Tahar Dob
- Laboratoire de Molécules Bio-Actives et Valorisation de la Biomasse, Ecole Normale Supérieure. Kouba- Algiers, Algeria. B.P. 92, Kouba- Algiers, Algeria
| | - Chaabane Chelghoum
- Laboratoire de Chromatographie, Faculté de Chimie, USTHB, Algiers, Algeria
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Skalicka-Woźniak K, Garrard I. Counter-current chromatography for the separation of terpenoids: a comprehensive review with respect to the solvent systems employed. PHYTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS : PROCEEDINGS OF THE PHYTOCHEMICAL SOCIETY OF EUROPE 2014; 13:547-572. [PMID: 24899873 PMCID: PMC4032468 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-014-9348-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Natural products extracts are commonly highly complex mixtures of active compounds and consequently their purification becomes a particularly challenging task. The development of a purification protocol to extract a single active component from the many hundreds that are often present in the mixture is something that can take months or even years to achieve, thus it is important for the natural product chemist to have, at their disposal, a broad range of diverse purification techniques. Counter-current chromatography (CCC) is one such separation technique utilising two immiscible phases, one as the stationary phase (retained in a spinning coil by centrifugal forces) and the second as the mobile phase. The method benefits from a number of advantages when compared with the more traditional liquid-solid separation methods, such as no irreversible adsorption, total recovery of the injected sample, minimal tailing of peaks, low risk of sample denaturation, the ability to accept particulates, and a low solvent consumption. The selection of an appropriate two-phase solvent system is critical to the running of CCC since this is both the mobile and the stationary phase of the system. However, this is also by far the most time consuming aspect of the technique and the one that most inhibits its general take-up. In recent years, numerous natural product purifications have been published using CCC from almost every country across the globe. Many of these papers are devoted to terpenoids-one of the most diverse groups. Naturally occurring terpenoids provide opportunities to discover new drugs but many of them are available at very low levels in nature and a huge number of them still remain unexplored. The collective knowledge on performing successful CCC separations of terpenoids has been gathered and reviewed by the authors, in order to create a comprehensive document that will be of great assistance in performing future purifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Skalicka-Woźniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Ian Garrard
- Advanced Bioprocessing Centre, Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, Uxbridge, UB8 3PH UK
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Waye A, Annal M, Tang A, Picard G, Harnois F, Guerrero-Analco JA, Saleem A, Hewitt LM, Milestone CB, MacLatchy DL, Trudeau VL, Arnason JT. Canadian boreal pulp and paper feedstocks contain neuroactive substances that interact in vitro with GABA and dopaminergic systems in the brain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2014; 468-469:315-325. [PMID: 24041600 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2013] [Revised: 08/13/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Pulp and paper wood feedstocks have been previously implicated as a source of chemicals with the ability to interact with or disrupt key neuroendocrine endpoints important in the control of reproduction. We tested nine Canadian conifers commonly used in pulp and paper production as well as 16 phytochemicals that have been observed in various pulp and paper mill effluent streams for their ability to interact in vitro with the enzymes monoamine oxidase (MAO), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), and GABA-transaminase (GABA-T), and bind to the benzodiazepine-binding site of the GABA(A) receptor (GABA(A)-BZD). These neuroendocrine endpoints are also important targets for treatment of neurological disorders such as anxiety, epilepsy, or depression. MAO and GAD were inhibited by various conifer extracts of different polarities, including major feedstocks such as balsam fir, black spruce, and white spruce. MAO was selectively stimulated or inhibited by many of the tested phytochemicals, with inhibition observed by a group of phenylpropenes (e.g. isoeugenol and vanillin). Selective GAD inhibition was also observed, with all of the resin acids tested being inhibitory. GABA(A)-BZD ligand displacement was also observed. We compiled a table identifying which of these phytochemicals have been described in each of the species tested here. Given the diversity of conifer species and plant chemicals with these specific neuroactivities, it is reasonable to propose that MAO and GAD inhibition reported in effluents is phytochemical in origin. We propose disruption of these neuroendocrine endpoints as a possible mechanism of reproductive inhibition, and also identify an avenue for potential research and sourcing of conifer-derived neuroactive natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Waye
- Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie-Curie, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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Hostettmann K, Sarker S, Röthlisberger MJ. In memoriam, Andrew Marston, November 16, 1953 - March 26, 2013. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2013; 24:289. [PMID: 23740660 DOI: 10.1002/pca.2445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/08/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Yoon KD, Chin YW, Kim J. CENTRIFUGAL PARTITION CHROMATOGRAPHY: APPLICATION TO NATURAL PRODUCTS IN 1994–2009. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2010.484374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kee Dong Yoon
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea
| | - Young-Won Chin
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea
- b Immune Modulator Research Center, Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology , Daejeon , South Korea
| | - Jinwoong Kim
- a College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul , South Korea
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Akkol EK, Güvenç A, Yesilada E. A comparative study on the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of five Juniperus taxa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2009; 125:330-6. [PMID: 19505566 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Juniperus L. (Cupressaceae) species have been used to various inflammatory and infectious diseases such as bronchitis, colds, cough, fungal infections, hemorrhoids, gynecological diseases, and wounds in Turkish folk medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate this traditional information, anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of the methanolic and aqueous extracts prepared from different parts (stem, fruit and leaves) of the five Turkish taxa under Juniperus section of the gender; J. drupacea, J. communis var. communis, J. communis var. saxatilis, J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus, and J. oxycedrus subsp. macrocarpa growing were investigated. METHODS For the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced and PGE(2)-induced hind paw edema models, and for the antinociceptive activity p-benzoquinone-induced writhing and hot plate tests in mice were employed. RESULTS The methanolic extracts of fruit and leaves from J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus and J. communis var. saxatilis exhibited notable inhibition in carrageenan-induced edema model at a dose of 100mg/kg. The same extracts also displayed significant activity against PGE(2)-induced edema model. While, the remaining extracts were found inactive against these edema models. A similar activity pattern was observed against p-benzoquinone-induced abdominal constriction test without inducing any gastric damage or apparent acute toxicity, whereas all extracts were inactive in hot plate test. CONCLUSION The experimental data demonstrated that J. oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus and J. communis var. saxatilis displayed remarkable anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities; however, further studies are warranted to define and isolate the active anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive components from these active species which may yield safe and effective agents to be used in the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esra Küpeli Akkol
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler 06330, Ankara, Turkey
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Vichi S, Aumatell MR, Buxaderas S, López-Tamames E. Assessment of some diterpenoids in commercial distilled gin. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 628:222-9. [PMID: 18929011 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2008] [Revised: 09/01/2008] [Accepted: 09/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study the qualitative and quantitative determination of diterpenoids in commercial distilled gin was carried out. This widely consumed juniper-based spirit is aromatized using Juniper (Juniperus communis) berries. Although juniper reportedly contains several diterpenic compounds, no studies have addressed the diterpenic composition of juniper-based spirits or beverages. With this objective, here we followed a multilevel factorial experimental design to optimize a direct immersion-solid phase microextraction (DI-SPME) method coupled to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and analyzed eight commercial brands of gin. With total concentrations ranging from 10 to 190 microg L(-1), manool, manoyl oxide and trans-totarol were the most abundant diterpenoids of the 10 identified or tentatively identified at variable but not negligible concentrations in the distilled gin samples. The diterpenic composition allowed the brands to be differentiated. This indicates that these compounds contribute to the sensory characteristics of the distinct commercial brands, thus guaranteeing the authenticity and consequently the quality of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Vichi
- Departament de Nutrició i Bromatologia, Xarxa de Referència en Tecnología dels Aliments, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Avda Joan XXIII, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Okasaka M, Takaishi Y, Kashiwada Y, Kodzhimatov OK, Ashurmetov O, Lin AJ, Consentino LM, Lee KH. Terpenoids from Juniperus polycarpus var. seravschanica. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2006; 67:2635-40. [PMID: 16956634 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2006] [Revised: 06/23/2006] [Accepted: 07/22/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Two eudesmanes, two abietanes, two podocarpanes and other nine known compounds were isolated from the dried fruits of Juniperus polycarpus var. seravschanica. Their structures were established on the basis of analysis of spectroscopic evidence. Some of the isolated terpenoids showed antimalarial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Okasaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Shomachi 1-78-1, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
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