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Tallis J, James RS, Eyre ELJ, Shelley SP, Hill C, Renshaw D, Hurst J. Effect of high-fat diet on isometric, concentric and eccentric contractile performance of skeletal muscle isolated from female CD-1 mice. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:1163-1176. [PMID: 38723238 PMCID: PMC11215475 DOI: 10.1113/ep091832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite evidence inferring muscle and contractile mode-specific effects of high-fat diet (HFD), no study has yet considered the impact of HFD directly on eccentric muscle function. The present work uniquely examined the effect of 20-week HFD on the isometric, concentric and eccentric muscle function of isolated mouse soleus (SOL) and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. CD-1 female mice were randomly split into a control (n = 16) or HFD (n = 17) group and for 20 weeks consumed standard lab chow or HFD. Following this period, SOL and EDL muscles were isolated and assessments of maximal isometric force and concentric work loop (WL) power were performed. Each muscle was then subjected to either multiple concentric or eccentric WL activations. Post-fatigue recovery, as an indicator of incurred damage, was measured via assessment of concentric WL power. In the EDL, absolute concentric power and concentric power normalised to muscle mass were reduced in the HFD group (P < 0.038). HFD resulted in faster concentric fatigue and reduced eccentric activity-induced muscle damage (P < 0.05). For the SOL, maximal isometric force was increased, and maximal eccentric power normalised to muscle mass and concentric fatigue were reduced in the HFD group (P < 0.05). HFD effects on eccentric muscle function are muscle-specific and have little relationship with changes in isometric or concentric function. HFD has the potential to negatively affect the intrinsic concentric and eccentric power-producing capacity of skeletal muscle, but a lack of a within-muscle uniform response indicates disparate mechanisms of action which require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Rob S. James
- Faculty of Life SciencesUniversity of BradfordBradfordUK
| | - Emma L. J. Eyre
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Sharn P. Shelley
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Cameron Hill
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's CampusKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Derek Renshaw
- Centre for Health & Life SciencesCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
| | - Josh Hurst
- Centre for Physical Activity, Sport & Exercise ScienceCoventry UniversityCoventryUK
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Toniolo L, Gazzin S, Rosso N, Giraudi P, Bonazza D, Concato M, Zanconati F, Tiribelli C, Giacomello E. Gender Differences in the Impact of a High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet in Skeletal Muscles of Young Female and Male Mice. Nutrients 2024; 16:1467. [PMID: 38794705 PMCID: PMC11124085 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In the context of the increasing number of obese individuals, a major problem is represented by obesity and malnutrition in children. This condition is mainly ascribable to unbalanced diets characterized by high intakes of fat and sugar. Childhood obesity and malnutrition are not only associated with concurrent pathologies but potentially compromise adult life. Considering the strict correlation among systemic metabolism, obesity, and skeletal muscle health, we wanted to study the impact of juvenile malnutrition on the adult skeletal muscle. To this aim, 3-week-old C56BL/6 female and male mice were fed for 20 weeks on a high-fat. high-sugar diet, and their muscles were subjected to a histological evaluation. MyHCs expression, glycogen content, intramyocellular lipids, mitochondrial activity, and capillary density were analyzed on serial sections to obtain the metabolic profile. Our observations indicate that a high-fat, high-sugar diet alters the metabolic profile of skeletal muscles in a sex-dependent way and induces the increase in type II fibers, mitochondrial activity, and lipid content in males, while reducing the capillary density in females. These data highlight the sex-dependent response to nutrition, calling for the development of specific strategies and for a systematic inclusion of female subjects in basic and applied research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Toniolo
- Laboratory of Muscle Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Gazzin
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Natalia Rosso
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Pablo Giraudi
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Deborah Bonazza
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Monica Concato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fabrizio Zanconati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
| | - Claudio Tiribelli
- Fondazione Italiana Fegato-Onlus, Bldg. Q, AREA Science Park, ss14, Km 163.5, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (N.R.); (P.G.); (C.T.)
| | - Emiliana Giacomello
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy; (D.B.); (M.C.); (F.Z.)
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Vatashchuk MV, Bayliak MM, Hurza VV, Demianchuk OI, Gospodaryov DV, Lushchak VI. Alpha-ketoglutarate partially alleviates effects of high-fat high-fructose diet in mouse muscle. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:1264-1277. [PMID: 38234967 PMCID: PMC10792174 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Consumption of high-calorie diets leads to excessive accumulation of storage lipids in adipose tissue. Metabolic changes occur not only in adipose tissue but in other tissues, too, such as liver, heart, muscle, and brain. This study aimed to explore the effects of high-fat high-fructose diet (HFFD) alone and in the combination with alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), a well-known cellular metabolite, on energy metabolism in the skeletal muscle of C57BL/6J mice. Five-month-old male mice were divided into four groups - the control one fed a standard diet (10 % kcal fat), HFFD group fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (45 % kcal fat, 15 % kcal fructose), AKG group fed a standard diet with 1 % sodium AKG in drinking water, and HFFD + AKG group fed HFFD and water with 1 % sodium AKG. The dietary regimens lasted 8 weeks. Mice fed HFFD had higher levels of storage triacylglycerides, lower levels of glycogen, and total water-soluble protein, and higher activities of key glycolytic enzymes, namely hexokinase, phosphofructokinase, and pyruvate kinase, as compared with the control group. The results suggest that muscles of HFFD mice may suffer from lipotoxicity. In HFFD + AKG mice, levels of the metabolites and activities of glycolytic enzymes did not differ from the respective values in the control group, except for the activity of pyruvate kinase, which was significantly lower in HFFD + AKG group compared with the control. Thus, metabolic changes in mouse skeletal muscles, caused by HFFD, were alleviated by AKG, indicating a protective role of AKG regarding lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myroslava V. Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Maria M. Bayliak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Viktoriia V. Hurza
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Oleh I. Demianchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Dmytro V. Gospodaryov
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I. Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
- Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
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4
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Serrano N, Hyatt JPK, Houmard JA, Murgia M, Katsanos CS. Muscle fiber phenotype: a culprit of abnormal metabolism and function in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2023; 325:E723-E733. [PMID: 37877797 PMCID: PMC10864022 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00190.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
The proportion of the different types of fibers in a given skeletal muscle contributes to its overall metabolic and functional characteristics. Greater proportion of type I muscle fibers is associated with favorable oxidative metabolism and function of the muscle. Humans with obesity have a lower proportion of type I muscle fibers. We discuss how lower proportion of type I fibers in skeletal muscle of humans with obesity may explain metabolic and functional abnormalities reported in these individuals. These include lower muscle glucose disposal rate, mitochondrial content, protein synthesis, and quality/contractile function, as well as increased risk for heart disease, lower levels of physical activity, and propensity for weight gain/resistance to weight loss. We delineate future research directions and the need to examine hybrid muscle fiber populations, which are indicative of a transitory state of fiber phenotype within skeletal muscle. We also describe methodologies for precisely characterizing muscle fibers and gene expression at the single muscle fiber level to enhance our understanding of the regulation of muscle fiber phenotype in obesity. By contextualizing research in the field of muscle fiber type in obesity, we lay a foundation for future advancements and pave the way for translation of this knowledge to address impaired metabolism and function in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Serrano
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States
| | - Jon-Philippe K Hyatt
- College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States
| | - Joseph A Houmard
- Department of Kinesiology, Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, United States
| | - Marta Murgia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Proteomics and Signal Transduction, Max-Planck-Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Christos S Katsanos
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic-Arizona, Phoenix, Arizona, United States
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5
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Song T, McNamara JW, Baby A, Ma W, Landim-Vieira M, Natesan S, Pinto JR, Lorenz JN, Irving TC, Sadayappan S. Unlocking the Role of sMyBP-C: A Key Player in Skeletal Muscle Development and Growth. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.23.563591. [PMID: 38076858 PMCID: PMC10705270 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.23.563591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the largest organ in the body, responsible for gross movement and metabolic regulation. Recently, variants in the MYBPC1 gene have been implicated in a variety of developmental muscle diseases, such as distal arthrogryposis. How MYBPC1 variants cause disease is not well understood. Here, through a collection of novel gene-edited mouse models, we define a critical role for slow myosin binding protein-C (sMyBP-C), encoded by MYBPC1, across muscle development, growth, and maintenance during prenatal, perinatal, postnatal and adult stages. Specifically, Mybpc1 knockout mice exhibited early postnatal lethality and impaired skeletal muscle formation and structure, skeletal deformity, and respiratory failure. Moreover, a conditional knockout of Mybpc1 in perinatal, postnatal and adult stages demonstrates impaired postnatal muscle growth and function secondary to disrupted actomyosin interaction and sarcomere structural integrity. These findings confirm the essential role of sMyBP-C in skeletal muscle and reveal specific functions in both prenatal embryonic musculoskeletal development and postnatal muscle growth and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejeong Song
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - James W. McNamara
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Akhil Baby
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Weikang Ma
- BioCAT, Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maicon Landim-Vieira
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Sankar Natesan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
| | - Jose Renato Pinto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - John N. Lorenz
- Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Thomas C. Irving
- BioCAT, Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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6
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Kanazawa Y, Miyachi R, Higuchi T, Sato H. Effects of Aging on Collagen in the Skeletal Muscle of Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13121. [PMID: 37685934 PMCID: PMC10487623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging affects several tissues in the body, including skeletal muscle. Multiple types of collagens are localized in the skeletal muscle and contribute to the maintenance of normal muscle structure and function. Since the effects of aging on muscle fibers vary by muscle fiber type, it is expected that the effects of aging on intramuscular collagen might be influenced by muscle fiber type. In this study, we examined the effect of aging on collagen levels in the soleus (slow-twitch muscle) and gastrocnemius (fast-twitch muscle) muscles of 3-, 10-, 24-, and 28-month-old male C57BL/6J mice using molecular and morphological analysis. It was found that aging increased collagen I, III, and VI gene expression and immunoreactivity in both slow- and fast-twitch muscles and collagen IV expression in slow-twitch muscles. However, collagen IV gene expression and immunoreactivity in fast-twitch muscle were unaffected by aging. In contrast, the expression of the collagen synthesis marker heat shock protein 47 in both slow- and fast-twitch muscles decreased with aging, while the expression of collagen degradation markers increased with aging. Overall, these results suggest that collagen gene expression and immunoreactivity are influenced by muscle fiber type and collagen type and that the balance between collagen synthesis and degradation tends to tilt toward degradation with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Kanazawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Ryo Miyachi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
| | - Takashi Higuchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Osaka University of Human Sciences, Settsu 566-8501, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Hiaki Sato
- Department of Medical Technology and Clinical Engineering, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa 920-1180, Ishikawa, Japan;
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7
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Acevedo LM, Vidal Á, Aguilera-Tejero E, Rivero JLL. Muscle plasticity is influenced by renal function and caloric intake through the FGF23-vitamin D axis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C14-C28. [PMID: 36409180 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00306.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle, the main metabolic engine in the body of vertebrates, is endowed with great plasticity. The association between skeletal muscle plasticity and two highly prevalent health problems: renal dysfunction and obesity, which share etiologic links as well as many comorbidities, is a subject of great relevance. It is important to know how these alterations impact on the structure and function of skeletal muscle because the changes in muscle phenotype have a major influence on the quality of life of the patients. This literature review aims to discuss the influence of a nontraditional axis involving kidney, bone, and muscle on skeletal muscle plasticity. In this axis, the kidneys play a role as the main site for vitamin D activation. Renal disease leads to a direct decrease in 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D, secondary to reduction in renal functional mass, and has an indirect effect, through phosphate retention, that contributes to stimulate fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) secretion by bone cells. FGF23 downregulates the renal synthesis of 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D and upregulates its metabolism. Skeletal production of FGF23 is also regulated by caloric intake: it is increased in obesity and decreased by caloric restriction, and these changes impact on 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D concentrations, which are decreased in obesity and increased after caloric restriction. Thus, both phosphate retention, that develops secondary to renal failure, and caloric intake influence 1,25(OH)2-vitamin D that in turn plays a key role in muscle anabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M Acevedo
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, University of Cordoba, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - Ángela Vidal
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - Escolástico Aguilera-Tejero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Spain
| | - José-Luis L Rivero
- Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, University of Cordoba, Spain
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Nomikos T, Methenitis S, Panagiotakos DB. The emerging role of skeletal muscle as a modulator of lipid profile the role of exercise and nutrition. Lipids Health Dis 2022; 21:81. [PMID: 36042487 PMCID: PMC9425975 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-022-01692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The present article aims to discuss the hypothesis that skeletal muscle per se but mostly its muscle fiber composition could be significant determinants of lipid metabolism and that certain exercise modalities may improve metabolic dyslipidemia by favorably affecting skeletal muscle mass, fiber composition and functionality. It discusses the mediating role of nutrition, highlights the lack of knowledge on mechanistic aspects of this relationship and proposes possible experimental directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzortzis Nomikos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
| | - Spyridon Methenitis
- Sports Performance Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports. Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Theseus, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Center, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
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9
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Effects of losartan and exercise on muscle mass and exercise endurance of old mice. Exp Gerontol 2022; 165:111869. [PMID: 35710057 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of angiotensin II type I receptor blocker (ARB) on muscle mass and exercise capacity in healthy older animals. The effects of combined ARB and exercise training were also determined. Eighty 18-month-old mice were randomized into the control group (C), exercise group (E), losartan group (L) and losartan plus exercise group (LE). Mice in the L and LE groups received losartan from drinking water every day. Mice in the E and LE groups trained on a treadmill 30 min per day, 3 days per week for 4 months. Exercise endurance and spontaneous physical activity of mice were measured at baseline and monthly for 4 months. After 4 months of intervention, serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, muscle mass, and muscle fiber cross sectional area (CSA) were measured. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation and IL-6 levels were determined in quadriceps. We found that exercise endurance only increased in the E and LE groups. Muscle TAC levels of E, L, and LE groups were greater than that in the C group. Serum IL-6 and lipid peroxidation levels were not different among groups. LE group, but not E and L groups, had greater muscle mass, larger muscle fiber CSA, and greater muscle IL-6 levels than that in the C group after 4 months of intervention. These results suggest that losartan promotes the adaptions of muscle mass with exercise training in healthy older animals.
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Olesen AT, Malchow-Møller L, Bendixen RD, Kjær M, Mackey AL, Magnusson SP, Svensson RB. Intramuscular connective tissue content and mechanical properties: Influence of aging and physical activity in mice. Exp Gerontol 2022; 166:111893. [PMID: 35870752 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is accompanied by morphological and mechanical changes to the intramuscular connective tissue (IMCT) of skeletal muscles, but whether physical exercise can influence these changes is debated. We investigated the effects of aging and exercise with high or low resistance on composition and mechanical properties of the IMCT, including direct measurements on isolated IMCT which has rarely been reported. Middle-aged (11 months, n = 24) and old (22 months, n = 18) C57BL/6 mice completed either high (HR) or low (LR) resistance voluntary wheel running or were sedentary (SED) for 10 weeks. Passive mechanical properties of the intact soleus and plantaris muscles and the isolated IMCT of the plantaris muscle were measured in vitro. IMCT thickness was measured on picrosirius red stained cross sections of the gastrocnemius and soleus muscle and for the gastrocnemius hydroxyproline content was quantified biochemically and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) estimated by fluorometry. Mechanical stiffness, IMCT content and total AGEs were all elevated with aging in agreement with previous findings but were largely unaffected by training. Conclusion: IMCT accumulated with aging with a proportional increase in mechanical stiffness, but even the relatively high exercise volume achieved with voluntary wheel-running with or without resistance did not significantly influence these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annesofie T Olesen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Malchow-Møller
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rune D Bendixen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Michael Kjær
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Abigail L Mackey
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; XLab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S Peter Magnusson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Rene B Svensson
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Denmark; Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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11
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Ovchinnikov AN, Deryugina AV, Paoli A. Royal Jelly Plus Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation Enhances High-Intensity Interval Exercise Performance via Alterations in Cardiac Autonomic Regulation and Blood Lactate Concentration in Runners. Front Nutr 2022; 9:893515. [PMID: 35811968 PMCID: PMC9263918 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to examine whether oral royal jelly (RJ) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance in runners, reducing exercise-induced lactic acidosis and decreasing elevated sympathetic tone following exercise. Methods Thirty regional-level runners (age: 19 ± 1 years; height: 173 ± 2 cm; body mass: 68.9 ± 2 kg; body mass index: 23.1 ± 1 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 (RJQ) or matching placebo (PLA) once daily for 10 days. Exercise performance expressed as time taken to complete HIIE was evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention. HIIE protocol applied to the runners included three repetitions of 100 m distance at maximum possible speed interspersed with 45 s of recovery periods. Indices of heart rate variability and blood lactate concentration were also measured before and immediately after HIIE in each group. Results HIIE performance significantly improved in RJQ group (p = 0.005) compared to PLA group. Blood lactate levels and sympathetic influence on the heart were significantly lower both before and after the HIIE in athletes who received RJQ (p < 0.05) compared to PLA. Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in blood lactate concentration and enhanced cardiac parasympathetic modulation following exercise compared to PLA. Principal component analysis revealed that runners treated with RJQ are grouped by the first two principal components into a separate cluster compared to PLA. Correlation analysis demonstrated that the improvements in runners' HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reduction of increment in blood lactate levels in response to exercise in combination with a more rapid shift in autonomic activity toward increased parasympathetic control early at post-exercise. Conclusion These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating adverse effects of increased intramuscular acidity and prolonged sympathetic dominance following intense exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anna V. Deryugina
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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12
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Ovchinnikov AN, Paoli A, Seleznev VV, Deryugina AV. Royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves high-intensity interval exercise performance via changes in plasmatic and salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in swimmers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:239-257. [PMID: 35813842 PMCID: PMC9261740 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive production of free radicals caused by many types of exercise results in oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Supplementation with royal jelly (RJ) or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been shown to attenuate exercise-induced oxidant stress in damaged muscle and improve various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Nevertheless, the effects of treatments based on RJ plus CoQ10 supplementation, which may be potentially beneficial for reducing oxidative stress and enhancing athletic performance, remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine whether oral RJ and CoQ10 co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance in swimmers, inhibiting exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage. Methods Twenty high-level swimmers were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 (RJQ) or matching placebo (PLA) once daily for 10 days. Exercise performance was evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention, using a HIIE protocol. Diene conjugates (DC), Schiff bases (SB), and creatine kinase (CK) were also measured in blood plasma and saliva before and immediately after HIIE in both groups. Results HIIE performance expressed as number of points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation (FINA points) significantly improved in RJQ group (p = 0.013) compared to PLA group. Exercise-induced increase in DC, SB, and CK levels in plasma and saliva significantly diminished only in RJQ group (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in plasmatic and salivary DC, SB, and CK levels compared to PLA. Principal component analysis revealed that swimmers treated with RJQ are grouped by both plasmatic and salivary principal components (PC) into a separate cluster compared to PLA. Strong negative correlation between the number of FINA points and plasmatic and salivary PC1 values was observed in both intervention groups. Conclusion The improvements in swimmers’ HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reducing in lipid peroxidation and muscle damage in response to exercise. These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating oxidant stress. Abbreviations RJ, royal jelly; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; HIIE, high-intensity interval exercise; DC, diene conjugates; SB, Schiff bases; CK, creatine kinase; RJQ, royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10; PLA, placebo; FINA points, points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation; ROS, reactive oxygen species; 10H2DA, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; AMPK, 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; MnSOD, manganese-superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; E, optical densities; PCA, principal component analysis; PC, principal component; MCFAs, medium-chain fatty acids; CaMKKβ, Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; MDA, malondialdehyde.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandr N. Ovchinnikov
- Department of Sports Medicine and Psychology, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Vladislav V. Seleznev
- Department of Theory and Methodology of Sport Training, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Anna V. Deryugina
- Laboratory of Integral Human Health, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
- Department of Physiology and Anatomy, Lobachevsky University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
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13
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Wen W, Chen X, Huang Z, Chen D, Yu B, He J, Yan H, Luo Y, Chen H, Zheng P, Yu J. Resveratrol regulates muscle fiber type gene expression through AMPK signaling pathway and miR-22-3p in porcine myotubes. Anim Biotechnol 2022; 33:579-585. [PMID: 35264052 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2046599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of resveratrol on porcine muscle fiber type gene expression in porcine myotubes. Here, results showed that resveratrol treatment significantly promoted slow myosin heavy chain (MyHC) and inhibited fast MyHC in porcine myotubes. The phosphorylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the downstream factors of AMPK signaling, such as Sirtuin1 (Sirt1) and peroxlsome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactlvator-1α (PGC-1α), were also increased by resveratrol, suggesting that resveratrol could activate the AMPK signaling pathway. Interestingly, resveratrol inhibited the expression of miR-22-3p in porcine myotubes. Furthermore, AMPK inhibitor compound C and miR-22-3p mimic effectively eliminated the effects of resveratrol on slow MyHC and fast MyHC expressions in porcine myotubes. Taken together, our findings indicate that resveratrol regulates muscle fiber type gene expression through the AMPK signaling pathway and miR-22-3p in porcine myotubes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanxue Wen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaoling Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bing Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun He
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Chen
- College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Jacob CDS, Barbosa GK, Rodrigues MP, Pimentel Neto J, Rocha LC, Ciena AP. Stretching prior to resistance training promotes adaptations on the postsynaptic region in different myofiber types. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [PMID: 35164481 PMCID: PMC8875788 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The morphology of the neuromuscular junction adapts according to changes in its pattern of use, especially at the postsynaptic region according to the myofibrillar type and physical exercise. This investigation revealed the morphological adaptations of the postsynaptic region after static stretching, resistance training, and their association in adult male Wistar rats. We processed the soleus and plantaris muscles for histochemical (muscle fibers) and postsynaptic region imaging techniques. We observed muscle hypertrophy in both groups submitted to resistance training, even though the cross-section area is larger when there is no previous static stretching. The soleus postsynaptic region revealed higher compactness and fragmentation index in the combined exercise. The resistance training promoted higher adaptations in the postsynaptic area of plantaris; moreover, the previous static stretching decreased this area. In conclusion, the neuromuscular system’s components responded according to the myofiber type even though it is the same physical exercise. Besides, static stretching (isolated or combined) plays a crucial role in neuromuscular adaptations.
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15
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Liu SH, Chen YC, Tzeng HP, Chiang MT. Fish oil enriched ω-3 fatty acids ameliorates protein synthesis/degradation imbalance, inflammation, and wasting in muscles of diet-induced obese rats. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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16
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Morales PE, Monsalves-Álvarez M, Tadinada SM, Harris MP, Ramírez-Sagredo A, Ortiz-Quintero J, Troncoso MF, De Gregorio N, Calle X, Pereira RO, Lira VA, Espinosa A, Abel ED, Lavandero S. Skeletal muscle type-specific mitochondrial adaptation to high-fat diet relies on differential autophagy modulation. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21933. [PMID: 34555201 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001593rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In obesity, skeletal muscle mitochondrial activity changes to cope with increased nutrient availability. Autophagy has been proposed as an essential mechanism involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism. Still, the contribution of autophagy to mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscle during obesity is unknown. Here, we show that in response to high-fat diet (HFD) feeding, distinct skeletal muscles in mice exhibit differentially regulated autophagy that may modulate mitochondrial activity. We observed that after 4 and 40 weeks of high-fat diet feeding, OXPHOS subunits and mitochondrial DNA content increased in the oxidative soleus muscle. However, in gastrocnemius muscle, which has a mixed fiber-type composition, the mitochondrial mass increased only after 40 weeks of HFD feeding. Interestingly, fatty acid-supported mitochondrial respiration was enhanced in gastrocnemius, but not in soleus muscle after a 4-week HFD feeding. This increased metabolic profile in gastrocnemius was paralleled by preserving autophagy flux, while autophagy flux in soleus was reduced. To determine the role of autophagy in this differential response, we used an autophagy-deficient mouse model with partial deletion of Atg7 specifically in skeletal muscle (SkM-Atg7+/- mice). We observed that Atg7 reduction resulted in diminished autophagic flux in skeletal muscle, alongside blunting the HFD-induced increase in fatty acid-supported mitochondrial respiration observed in gastrocnemius. Remarkably, SkM-Atg7+/- mice did not present increased mitochondria accumulation. Altogether, our results show that HFD triggers specific mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscles with different fiber type compositions, and that Atg7-mediated autophagy modulates mitochondrial respiratory capacity but not its content in response to an obesogenic diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo E Morales
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Matías Monsalves-Álvarez
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O'Higgins, Rancagua, Chile
| | - Satya Murthy Tadinada
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Matthew P Harris
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Andrea Ramírez-Sagredo
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jafet Ortiz-Quintero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Departamento de Bioanálisis e Inmunología, Escuela de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Tegucigalpa, Honduras
| | - Mayarling Francisca Troncoso
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole De Gregorio
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ximena Calle
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Renata O Pereira
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Vitor A Lira
- Department of Health & Human Physiology, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Alejandra Espinosa
- Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - E Dale Abel
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas y Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Corporacion Centro de Estudios Cientificos de las Enfermedades Cronicas (CECEC), Santiago, Chile
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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17
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O’Reilly J, Ono‐Moore KD, Chintapalli SV, Rutkowsky JM, Tolentino T, Lloyd KCK, Olfert IM, Adams SH. Sex differences in skeletal muscle revealed through fiber type, capillarity, and transcriptomics profiling in mice. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e15031. [PMID: 34545692 PMCID: PMC8453262 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle anatomy and physiology are sexually dimorphic but molecular underpinnings and muscle-specificity are not well-established. Variances in metabolic health, fitness level, sedentary behavior, genetics, and age make it difficult to discern inherent sex effects in humans. Therefore, mice under well-controlled conditions were used to determine female and male (n = 19/sex) skeletal muscle fiber type/size and capillarity in superficial and deep gastrocnemius (GA-s, GA-d), soleus (SOL), extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and plantaris (PLT), and transcriptome patterns were also determined (GA, SOL). Summed muscle weight strongly correlated with lean body mass (r2 = 0.67, p < 0.0001, both sexes). Other phenotypes were muscle-specific: e.g., capillarity (higher density, male GA-s), myofiber size (higher, male EDL), and fiber type (higher, lower type I and type II prevalences, respectively, in female SOL). There were broad differences in transcriptomics, with >6000 (GA) and >4000 (SOL) mRNAs differentially-expressed by sex; only a minority of these were shared across GA and SOL. Pathway analyses revealed differences in ribosome biology, transcription, and RNA processing. Curation of sexually dimorphic muscle transcripts shared in GA and SOL, and literature datasets from mice and humans, identified 11 genes that we propose are canonical to innate sex differences in muscle: Xist, Kdm6a, Grb10, Oas2, Rps4x (higher, females) and Ddx3y, Kdm5d, Irx3, Wwp1, Aldh1a1, Cd24a (higher, males). These genes and those with the highest "sex-biased" expression in our study do not contain estrogen-response elements (exception, Greb1), but a subset are proposed to be regulated through androgen response elements. We hypothesize that innate muscle sexual dimorphism in mice and humans is triggered and then maintained by classic X inactivation (Xist, females) and Y activation (Ddx3y, males), with coincident engagement of X encoded (Kdm6a) and Y encoded (Kdm5d) demethylase epigenetic regulators that are complemented by modulation at some regions of the genome that respond to androgen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana O’Reilly
- Division of Exercise PhysiologyWest Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | | | - Sree V. Chintapalli
- Arkansas Children’s Nutrition CenterLittle RockArkansasUSA
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Jennifer M. Rutkowsky
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California Davis School of Veterinary MedicineDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - Todd Tolentino
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Mouse Biology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
| | - K. C. Kent Lloyd
- Mouse Metabolic Phenotyping CenterUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Mouse Biology ProgramUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCaliforniaUSA
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
| | - I. Mark Olfert
- Division of Exercise PhysiologyWest Virginia University School of MedicineMorgantownWest VirginiaUSA
| | - Sean H. Adams
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
- Center for Alimentary and Metabolic ScienceUniversity of California Davis School of MedicineSacramentoCaliforniaUSA
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18
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Tallis J, Shelley S, Degens H, Hill C. Age-Related Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction Is Aggravated by Obesity: An Investigation of Contractile Function, Implications and Treatment. Biomolecules 2021; 11:372. [PMID: 33801275 PMCID: PMC8000988 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic and coupled with the unprecedented growth of the world's older adult population, a growing number of individuals are both old and obese. Whilst both ageing and obesity are associated with an increased prevalence of chronic health conditions and a substantial economic burden, evidence suggests that the coincident effects exacerbate negative health outcomes. A significant contributor to such detrimental effects may be the reduction in the contractile performance of skeletal muscle, given that poor muscle function is related to chronic disease, poor quality of life and all-cause mortality. Whilst the effects of ageing and obesity independently on skeletal muscle function have been investigated, the combined effects are yet to be thoroughly explored. Given the importance of skeletal muscle to whole-body health and physical function, the present study sought to provide a review of the literature to: (1) summarise the effect of obesity on the age-induced reduction in skeletal muscle contractile function; (2) understand whether obesity effects on skeletal muscle are similar in young and old muscle; (3) consider the consequences of these changes to whole-body functional performance; (4) outline important future work along with the potential for targeted intervention strategies to mitigate potential detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV15FB, UK;
| | - Sharn Shelley
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV15FB, UK;
| | - Hans Degens
- Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Department of Life Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M15 6BH, UK;
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Cameron Hill
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt’s House, Guy’s Campus, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, UK;
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Brown LA, Perry RA, Haynie WS, Lee DE, Rosa-Caldwell ME, Brown JL, Greene NP, Wolchok JC, Washington TA. Moderators of skeletal muscle maintenance are compromised in sarcopenic obese mice. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 194:111404. [PMID: 33249192 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2020.111404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine whether sarcopenic obesity accelerates impairments in muscle maintenance through the investigation of cell cycle progression and myogenic, inflammatory, catabolic and protein synthetic signaling in mouse gastrocnemius muscles. At 4 weeks old, 24 male C57BL/6 mice were fed either a high fat diet (HFD, 60 % fat) or normal chow (NC, 17 % fat) for either 8-12 weeks or 21-23 months. At 3-4 months or 22-24 months the gastrocnemius muscles were excised. In addition, plasma was taken for C2C12 differentiation experiments. Mean cross-sectional area (CSA) was reduced by 29 % in aged HFD fed mice compared to the aged NC mice. MyoD was roughly 50 % greater in the aged mice compared to young mice, whereas TNF-α and IGF-1 gene expression in aged HFD fed mice were reduced by 52 % and 65 % in comparison to aged NC fed mice, respectively. Myotubes pretreated with plasma from aged NC fed mice had 14 % smaller myotube diameter than their aged HFD counterparts. Aged obese mice had greater impairments to mediators of muscle maintenance as evident by reductions in muscle mass, CSA, along with alterations in cell cycle regulation and inflammatory and insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemuel A Brown
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 United States; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States
| | - Richard A Perry
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 United States
| | - Wesley S Haynie
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 United States
| | - David E Lee
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR, 72701 United States; NSF Research Triangle Materials Research Science and Engineering Center, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States; Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 United States
| | - Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR, 72701 United States
| | - Jacob L Brown
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR, 72701 United States; Aging and Metabolism Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville AR, 72701 United States
| | - Jeffrey C Wolchok
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 United States
| | - Tyrone A Washington
- Exercise Muscle Biology Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701 United States.
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de Sousa LGO, Marshall AG, Norman JE, Fuqua JD, Lira VA, Rutledge JC, Bodine SC. The effects of diet composition and chronic obesity on muscle growth and function. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:124-138. [PMID: 33211595 PMCID: PMC7944928 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00156.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diet-induced obesity (DIO) is associated with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance (IR), and an increase in intramyocellular lipids (IMCL), which may lead to disturbances in glucose and protein metabolism. To this matter, it has been speculated that chronic obesity and elevated IMCL may contribute to skeletal muscle loss and deficits in muscle function and growth capacity. Thus, we hypothesized that diets with elevated fat content would induce obesity and insulin resistance, leading to a decrease in muscle mass and an attenuated growth response to increased external loading in adult male mice. Male C57BL/6 mice (8 wk of age) were subjected to five different diets, namely, chow, low-dat-diet (LFD), high-fat-diet (HFD), sucrose, or Western diet, for 28 wk. At 25 wk, HFD and Western diets induced a 60.4% and 35.9% increase in body weight, respectively. Interestingly, HFD, but not Western or sucrose, induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Measurement of isometric torque (ankle plantar flexor and ankle dorsiflexor muscles) revealed no effect of DIO on muscle function. At 28 wk of intervention, muscle area and protein synthesis were similar across all diet groups, despite insulin resistance and increased IMCL being observed in HFD and Western diet groups. In response to 30 days of functional overload, an attenuated growth response was observed in only the HFD group. Nevertheless, our results show that DIO alone is not sufficient to induce muscle atrophy and contractile dysfunction in adult male C57BL/6 mice. However, diet composition does have an impact on muscle growth in response to increased external loading.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The effects of diet-induced obesity on skeletal muscle mass are complex and dependent on diet composition and diet duration. The present study results show that chronic exposure to high levels of fatty acids does not affect muscle mass, contractile function, or protein synthesis in obese C57BL/6 mice compared with the consumption of chow. Obesity did result in a delay in load-induced growth; however, only a 45% HFD resulted in attenuated growth following 30 days of functional overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís G. O. de Sousa
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Andrea G. Marshall
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Jennifer E. Norman
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Jordan D. Fuqua
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - Vitor A. Lira
- 3Department of Health and Human Physiology, Obesity Research and Education Initiative, Fraternal Order of Eagles (F.O.E.) Diabetes Research Center, Abboud Cardiovascular Research Center, Pappajohn Biomedical Institute, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
| | - John C. Rutledge
- 2Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Sue C. Bodine
- 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
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21
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Binenbaum I, Atamni HAT, Fotakis G, Kontogianni G, Koutsandreas T, Pilalis E, Mott R, Himmelbauer H, Iraqi FA, Chatziioannou AA. Container-aided integrative QTL and RNA-seq analysis of Collaborative Cross mice supports distinct sex-oriented molecular modes of response in obesity. BMC Genomics 2020; 21:761. [PMID: 33143653 PMCID: PMC7640698 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07173-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse population is a valuable resource to study the genetic basis of complex traits, such as obesity. Although the development of obesity is influenced by environmental factors, underlying genetic mechanisms play a crucial role in the response to these factors. The interplay between the genetic background and the gene expression pattern can provide further insight into this response, but we lack robust and easily reproducible workflows to integrate genomic and transcriptomic information in the CC mouse population. RESULTS We established an automated and reproducible integrative workflow to analyse complex traits in the CC mouse genetic reference panel at the genomic and transcriptomic levels. We implemented the analytical workflow to assess the underlying genetic mechanisms of host susceptibility to diet induced obesity and integrated these results with diet induced changes in the hepatic gene expression of susceptible and resistant mice. Hepatic gene expression differs significantly between obese and non-obese mice, with a significant sex effect, where male and female mice exhibit different responses and coping mechanisms. CONCLUSION Integration of the data showed that different genes but similar pathways are involved in the genetic susceptibility and disturbed in diet induced obesity. Genetic mechanisms underlying susceptibility to high-fat diet induced obesity are different in female and male mice. The clear distinction we observed in the systemic response to the high-fat diet challenge and to obesity between male and female mice points to the need for further research into distinct sex-related mechanisms in metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Binenbaum
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Hanifa Abu-Toamih Atamni
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Georgios Fotakis
- Division of Bioinformatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Kontogianni
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Koutsandreas
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea, Athens, Greece
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Pilalis
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea, Athens, Greece
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Richard Mott
- Department of Genetics, University College of London, London, UK
| | - Heinz Himmelbauer
- Institute of Computational Biology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Life Sciences and Natural Resources, Vienna (BOKU), Vienna, Austria
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fuad A Iraqi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.
| | - Aristotelis A Chatziioannou
- e-NIOS PC, Kallithea, Athens, Greece.
- Center of Systems Biology, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece.
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22
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Morita Y, Senokuchi T, Yamada S, Wada T, Furusho T, Matsumura T, Ishii N, Nishida S, Nishida S, Motoshima H, Komohara Y, Yamagata K, Araki E. Impact of tissue macrophage proliferation on peripheral and systemic insulin resistance in obese mice with diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001578. [PMID: 33087339 PMCID: PMC7580054 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity-related insulin resistance is a widely accepted pathophysiological feature in type 2 diabetes. Systemic metabolism and immunity are closely related, and obesity represents impaired immune function that predisposes individuals to systemic chronic inflammation. Increased macrophage infiltration and activation in peripheral insulin target tissues in obese subjects are strongly related to insulin resistance. Using a macrophage-specific proliferation inhibition mouse model (mac-p27Tg), we previously reported that suppressed plaque inflammation reduced atherosclerosis and improved plaque stabilization. However, the direct evidence that proliferating macrophages are responsible for inducing insulin resistance was not provided. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The mac-p27Tg mice were fed a high-fat diet, and glucose metabolism, histological changes, macrophage polarization, and tissue functions were investigated to reveal the significance of tissue macrophage proliferation in insulin resistance and obesity. RESULTS The mac-p27Tg mice showed improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, along with a decrease in the number and ratio of inflammatory macrophages. Obesity-induced inflammation and oxidative stress was attenuated in white adipose tissue, liver, and gastrocnemius. Histological changes related to insulin resistance, such as liver steatosis/fibrosis, adipocyte enlargement, and skeletal muscle fiber transformation to fast type, were ameliorated in mac-p27Tg mice. Serum tumor necrosis factor alpha and free fatty acid were decreased, which might partially impact improved insulin sensitivity and histological changes. CONCLUSIONS Macrophage proliferation in adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle was involved in promoting the development of systemic insulin resistance. Controlling the number of tissue macrophages by inhibiting macrophage proliferation could be a therapeutic target for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Morita
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takafumi Senokuchi
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Sarie Yamada
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Wada
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Furusho
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Matsumura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Norio Ishii
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Saiko Nishida
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Syuhei Nishida
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Motoshima
- Department of Metabolic Medicine and Endocrinology, Kikuchi Medical Association Hospital, Kikuchi, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Cell Pathology Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yamagata
- Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Eiichi Araki
- Department of Metabolic Medicine Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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23
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Béland-Millar A, Takimoto M, Hamada T, Messier C. Brain and muscle adaptation to high-fat diets and exercise: Metabolic transporters, enzymes and substrates in the rat cortex and muscle. Brain Res 2020; 1749:147126. [PMID: 32946799 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.147126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There is evidence suggesting that the effects of diet and physical activity on physical and mental well-being are the result of altered metabolic profiles. Though the central and peripheral systems work in tandem, the interactions between peripheral and central changes that lead to these altered states of well-being remains elusive. We measured changes in the metabolic profile of brain (cortex) and muscle (soleus and plantaris) tissue in rats following 5-weeks of treadmill exercise and/or a high-fat diet to evaluate peripheral and central interactions as well as identify any common adaptive mechanisms. To characterize changes in metabolic profiles, we measured relative changes in key metabolic enzymes (COX IV, hexokinase, LDHB, PFK), substrates (BHB, FFA, glucose, lactate, insulin, glycogen, BDNF) and transporters (MCT1, MCT2, MCT4, GLUT1, GLUT3). In the cortex, there was an increase in MCT1 and a decrease in glycogen following the high-fat diet, suggesting an increased reliance on monocarboxylates. Muscle changes were dependent muscle type. Within the plantaris, a high-fat diet increased the oxidative capacity of the muscle likely supported by increased glycolysis, whereas exercise increased the oxidative capacity of the muscle likely supported via increased glycogen synthesis. There was no effect of diet on soleus measurements, but exercise increased its oxidative capacity likely fueled by endogenous and exogenous monocarboxylates. For both the plantaris and soleus, combining exercise training and high-fat diet mediated results, resulting in a middling effect. Together, these results indicate the variable adaptions of two main metabolic pathways: glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. The results also suggest a dynamic relationship between the brain and body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Béland-Millar
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
| | - Masaki Takimoto
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Taku Hamada
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Claude Messier
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, 136 Jean-Jacques Lussier, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada
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24
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Rodrigues GC, Rocha NN, Maia LDA, Melo I, Simões AC, Antunes MA, Bloise FF, Woyames J, da Silva WS, Capelozzi VL, Abela GP, Ball L, Pelosi P, Rocco PRM, Silva PL. Impact of experimental obesity on diaphragm structure, function, and bioenergetics. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 129:1062-1074. [PMID: 32909923 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00262.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with bioenergetic dysfunction of peripheral muscles; however, little is known regarding the impact of obesity on the diaphragm. We hypothesized that obesity would be associated with diaphragm dysfunction attributable to mitochondrial oxygen consumption and structural and ultrastructural changes. Wistar rat litters were culled to 3 pups to induce early postnatal overfeeding and consequent obesity. Control animals were obtained from unculled litters. From postnatal day 150, diaphragm ultrasound, computed tomography, high-resolution respirometry, immunohistochemical, biomolecular, and ultrastructural histological analyses were performed. The diaphragms of obese animals, compared with those of controls, presented changes in morphology as increased thickening fraction, diaphragm excursion, and diaphragm dome height, as well as increased mitochondrial respiratory capacity coupled to ATP synthesis and maximal respiratory capacity. Fatty acid synthase gene expression was also higher in obese animals, suggesting a source of energy for the respiratory chain. Myosin heavy chain-IIA was increased, indicating shift from glycolytic toward oxidative muscle fiber profile. Diaphragm tissue also exhibited ultrastructural changes, such as compact, round, and swollen mitochondria with fainter cristae and more lysosomal bodies. Dynamin-1 expression in the diaphragm was reduced in obese rats, suggesting decreased mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, gene expressions of peroxisome γ proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1α and superoxide dismutase-2 were lower in obese animals than in controls, which may indicate a predisposition to oxidative injury. In conclusion, in the obesity model used herein, muscle fiber phenotype was altered in a manner likely associated with increased mitochondrial respiratory capability, suggesting respiratory adaptation to increased metabolic demand.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obesity has been associated with peripheral muscle dysfunction; however, little is known about its impact on the diaphragm. In the current study, we found high oxygen consumption in diaphragm tissue and changes in muscle fiber phenotypes toward a more oxidative profile in experimental obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele C Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nazareth N Rocha
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Ligia de A Maia
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isabella Melo
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Carolina Simões
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana A Antunes
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flavia F Bloise
- Laboratory of Translational Endocrinology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Woyames
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Wagner S da Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolic Adaptations, Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vera L Capelozzi
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Genomics, Department of Pathology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glenn Paul Abela
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Ball
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, San Martino Policlinico Hospital, IRCCS for Oncology and Neurosciences, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Patricia R M Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro L Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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25
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Takahashi K, Kitaoka Y, Matsunaga Y, Hatta H. Effect of post-exercise lactate administration on glycogen repletion and signaling activation in different types of mouse skeletal muscle. Curr Res Physiol 2020; 3:34-43. [PMID: 34746818 PMCID: PMC8562145 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactate is not merely a metabolic intermediate that serves as an oxidizable and glyconeogenic substrate, but it is also a potential signaling molecule. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether lactate administration enhances post-exercise glycogen repletion in association with cellular signaling activation in different types of skeletal muscle. Eight-week-old male ICR mice performed treadmill running (20 m/min for 60 min) following overnight fasting (16 h). Immediately after the exercise, animals received an intraperitoneal injection of phosphate-buffered saline or sodium lactate (equivalent to 1 g/kg body weight), followed by oral ingestion of water or glucose (2 g/kg body weight). At 60 min of recovery, glucose ingestion enhanced glycogen content in the soleus, plantaris, and gastrocnemius muscles. In addition, lactate injection additively increased glycogen content in the plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles, but not in the soleus muscle. Nevertheless, lactate administration did not significantly alter protein levels related to glucose uptake and oxidation in the plantaris muscle, but enhanced phosphorylation of TBC1D1, a distal protein regulating GLUT4 translocation, was observed in the soleus muscle. Muscle FBP2 protein content was significantly higher in the plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles than in the soleus muscle, whereas MCT1 protein content was significantly higher in the soleus muscle than in the plantaris and gastrocnemius muscles. The current findings suggest that an elevated blood lactate concentration and post-exercise glucose ingestion additively enhance glycogen recovery in glycolytic phenotype muscles. This appears to be associated with glyconeogenic protein content, but not with enhanced glucose uptake, attenuated glucose oxidation, or lactate transport protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Takahashi
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Yu Kitaoka
- Department of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 221-8686, Japan
| | - Yutaka Matsunaga
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
| | - Hideo Hatta
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan
- Corresponding author. Department of Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1, Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8902, Japan.
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26
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Messa GAM, Piasecki M, Hurst J, Hill C, Tallis J, Degens H. The impact of a high-fat diet in mice is dependent on duration and age, and differs between muscles. J Exp Biol 2020; 223:jeb217117. [PMID: 31988167 PMCID: PMC7097303 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.217117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged high-fat diets (HFDs) can cause intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation that may negatively affect muscle function. We investigated the duration of a HFD required to instigate these changes, and whether the effects are muscle specific and aggravated in older age. Muscle morphology was determined in the soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm muscles of female CD-1 mice from 5 groups: young fed a HFD for 8 weeks (YS-HFD, n=16), young fed a HFD for 16 weeks (YL-HFD, n=28) and young control (Y-Con, n=28). The young animals were 20 weeks old at the end of the experiment. Old (70 weeks) female CD-1 mice received either a normal diet (O-Con, n=30) or a HFD for 9 weeks (OS-HFD, n=30). Body mass, body mass index and intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content increased in OS-HFD (P≤0.003). In the young mice, this increase was seen in YL-HFD and not YS-HFD (P≤0.006). The soleus and diaphragm fibre cross-sectional area (FCSA) in YL-HFD was larger than that in Y-Con (P≤0.004) while OS-HFD had a larger soleus FCSA compared with that of O-Con after only 9 weeks on a HFD (P<0.001). The FCSA of the EDL muscle did not differ significantly between groups. The oxidative capacity of fibres increased in young mice only, irrespective of HFD duration (P<0.001). High-fat diet-induced morphological changes occurred earlier in the old animals than in the young, and adaptations to HFD were muscle specific, with the EDL being least responsive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy A M Messa
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
| | - Mathew Piasecki
- Clinical, Metabolic and Molecular Physiology, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Josh Hurst
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Cameron Hill
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, Kings College, London SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Jason Tallis
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Alison Gingell Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Hans Degens
- Department of Life Sciences, Research Centre for Musculoskeletal Science & Sports Medicine, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester M1 5GD, UK
- Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, LT-44221 Kaunas, Lithuania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Targu Mures, Târgu Mureş 540139, Romania
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27
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Takahashi K, Kitaoka Y, Yamamoto K, Matsunaga Y, Hatta H. Oral Lactate Administration Additively Enhances Endurance Training-Induced Increase in Cytochrome C Oxidase Activity in Mouse Soleus Muscle. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12030770. [PMID: 32183387 PMCID: PMC7146285 DOI: 10.3390/nu12030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that oral lactate supplementation increases mitochondrial enzyme activity given the potential role of lactate for inducing mitochondrial biogenesis. In this study, mice were assigned to a saline-ingested sedentary group (S+S; n = 8), a lactate-ingested sedentary group (L+S; n = 9), a saline-ingested training group (S+T; n = 8), and a lactate-ingested training group (L+T; n = 8). Mice in the S+S and S+T groups received saline, whereas mice in the L+S and L+T groups received sodium lactate (equivalent to 5 g/kg of body weight) via oral gavage 5 days a week for 4 weeks. At 30 min after the ingestion, mice in the S+T and L+T groups performed endurance training (treadmill running, 20 m/min, 30 min, 5 days/week). At 30 min after lactate ingestion, the blood lactate level reached peak value (5.8 ± 0.4 mmol/L) in the L+S group. Immediately after the exercise, blood lactate level was significantly higher in the L+T group (9.3 ± 0.9 mmol/L) than in the S+T group (2.7 ± 0.3 mmol/L) (p < 0.01). Following a 4-week training period, a main effect of endurance training was observed in maximal citrate synthase (CS) (p < 0.01; S+T: 117 ± 3% relative to S+S, L+T: 110 ± 3%) and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activities (p < 0.01; S+T: 126 ± 4%, L+T: 121 ± 4%) in the plantaris muscle. Similarly, there was a main effect of endurance training in maximal CS (p < 0.01; S+T: 105 ± 3%, L+T: 115 ± 2%) and COX activities (p < 0.01; S+T: 113 ± 3%, L+T: 122 ± 3%) in the soleus muscle. In addition, a main effect of oral lactate ingestion was found in maximal COX activity in the soleus (p < 0.05; L+S: 109 ± 3%, L+T: 122 ± 3%) and heart muscles (p < 0.05; L+S: 107 ± 3%, L+T: 107 ± 2.0%), but not in the plantaris muscle. Our results suggest that lactate supplementation may be beneficial for increasing mitochondrial enzyme activity in oxidative phenotype muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenya Takahashi
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; (K.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yu Kitaoka
- Department of Human Sciences, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 221-8686, Japan;
| | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; (K.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yutaka Matsunaga
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; (K.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.)
| | - Hideo Hatta
- Department of Sports Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan; (K.T.); (K.Y.); (Y.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5454-6862
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28
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Brendel H, Shahid A, Hofmann A, Mittag J, Bornstein SR, Morawietz H, Brunssen C. NADPH oxidase 4 mediates the protective effects of physical activity against obesity-induced vascular dysfunction. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 116:1767-1778. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Physical activity is one of the most potent strategies to prevent endothelial dysfunction. Recent evidence suggests vaso-protective properties of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by main endothelial NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (Nox4) in the vasculature. Therefore, we hypothesized that Nox4 connects physical activity with vaso-protective effects.
Methods and results
Analysis of the endothelial function using Mulvany Myograph showed endothelial dysfunction in wild-type (WT) as well as in C57BL/6J/ Nox4−/− (Nox4−/−) mice after 20 weeks on high-fat diet (HFD). Access to running wheels during the HFD prevented endothelial dysfunction in WT but not in Nox4−/− mice. Mechanistically, exercise led to an increased H2O2 release in the aorta of WT mice with increased phosphorylation of eNOS pathway member AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT1). Both H2O2 release and phosphorylation of AKT1 were diminished in aortas of Nox4−/− mice. Deletion of Nox4 also resulted in lower intracellular calcium release proven by reduced phenylephrine-mediated contraction, whilst potassium-induced contraction was not affected. H2O2 scavenger catalase reduced phenylephrine-induced contraction in WT mice. Supplementing H2O2 increased phenylephrine-induced contraction in Nox4−/− mice. Exercise-induced peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (Ppargc1a), as key regulator of mitochondria biogenesis in WT but not Nox4−/− mice. Furthermore, exercise-induced citrate synthase activity and mitochondria mass were reduced in the absence of Nox4. Thus, Nox4−/− mice became less active and ran less compared with WT mice.
Conclusions
Nox4 derived H2O2 plays a key role in exercise-induced adaptations of eNOS and Ppargc1a pathway and intracellular calcium release. Hence, loss of Nox4 diminished physical activity performance and vascular protective effects of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Brendel
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Amna Shahid
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anja Hofmann
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jennifer Mittag
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan R Bornstein
- Department of Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Henning Morawietz
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Coy Brunssen
- Division of Vascular Endothelium and Microcirculation, Department of Medicine III, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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Larson L, Lioy J, Johnson J, Medler S. Transitional Hybrid Skeletal Muscle Fibers in Rat Soleus Development. J Histochem Cytochem 2019; 67:891-900. [PMID: 31510854 PMCID: PMC6882066 DOI: 10.1369/0022155419876421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscles comprise hundreds of individual muscle fibers, with each possessing specialized contractile properties. Skeletal muscles are recognized as being highly plastic, meaning that the physiological properties of single muscle fibers can change with appropriate use. During fiber type transitions, one myosin heavy chain isoform is exchanged for another and over time the fundamental nature of the fiber adapts to become a different fiber type. Within the rat triceps surae complex, the soleus muscle starts out as a muscle comprised of a mixture type IIA and type I fibers. As neonatal rats grow and mature, the soleus undergoes a near complete transition into a muscle with close to 100% type I fibers at maturity. We used immunohistochemistry and single fiber SDS-PAGE to track the transformation of type IIA into type I fibers. We found that transitioning fibers progressively incorporate new myofibrils containing type I myosin into existing type IIA fibers. During this exchange, distinct type I-containing myofibrils are segregated among IIA myofibrils. The individual myofibrils within existing muscle fibers thus appear to represent the functional unit that is exchanged during fiber type transitions that occur as part of normal muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Larson
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY, USA
| | - Jessica Lioy
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY, USA
| | - Jordan Johnson
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY, USA
| | - Scott Medler
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY, USA
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Medler S. Mixing it up: the biological significance of hybrid skeletal muscle fibers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:222/23/jeb200832. [PMID: 31784473 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.200832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibers are classified according to the myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and other myofibrillar proteins expressed within these cells. In addition to 'pure' fibers expressing single MHC isoforms, many fibers are 'hybrids' that co-express two or more different isoforms of MHC or other myofibrillar proteins. Although hybrid fibers have been recognized by muscle biologists for more than three decades, uncertainty persists about their prevalence in normal muscles, their role in fiber-type transitions, and what they might tell us about fiber-type regulation at the cellular and molecular levels. This Review summarizes current knowledge on the relative abundance of hybrid fibers in a variety of muscles from different species. Data from more than 150 muscles from 39 species demonstrate that hybrid fibers are common, frequently representing 25% or more of the fibers in normal muscles. Hybrid fibers appear to have two main roles: (1) they function as intermediates during the fiber-type transitions associated with skeletal muscle development, adaptation to exercise and aging; and (2) they provide a functional continuum of fiber phenotypes, as they possess physiological properties that are intermediate to those of pure fiber types. One aspect of hybrid fibers that is not widely recognized is that fiber-type asymmetries - such as dramatic differences in the MHC composition along the length of single fibers - appear to be a common aspect of many fibers. The final section of this Review examines the possible role of differential activities of nuclei in different myonuclear domains in establishing fiber-type asymmetries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Medler
- Biology Department, State University of New York at Fredonia, Fredonia, NY 14063, USA
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Maternal exercise before and during pregnancy alleviates metabolic dysfunction associated with high-fat diet in pregnant mice, without significant changes in gut microbiota. Nutr Res 2019; 69:42-57. [PMID: 31670066 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2019.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Although maternal exercise before and during pregnancy is beneficial, the effects of exercise on microbiota changes during pregnancy are unknown. Here we tested the hypothesis that maternal exercise before and during pregnancy would positively affect glucose homeostasis, pancreatic cell function, and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet (HFD) fed dams. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed either a HFD or a low-fat diet (LFD) for 12 weeks. The HFD mice were split into two groups for 4 weeks prior to pregnancy initiation and throughout the pregnancy: sedentary (HFD) or exercised (HFD + Ex). Food intake, body weight, body composition, and glucose and insulin tolerance were measured. At gestation day 19, blood, pancreas, gonadal visceral and subcutaneous fat, plantaris muscle, and cecum were collected for analysis. Both HFD and HFD + Ex mice had impaired glucose clearance compared to LFD mice at 15 days of gestation. No changes were found in pancreatic α- or β-cell health. HFD + Ex mice had significantly reduced visceral fat mass, serum insulin, and leptin levels and increased high-density lipoprotein levels, compared to HFD-fed mice. In contrast to our hypothesis, microbiota diversity and composition were not different among groups. The relative abundance of five bacterial phyla, such as Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Deferribacteres, and Actinobacteria, were not significantly altered with diet or exercise during pregnancy. Our findings suggest that maternal exercise prevents excess visceral fat accumulation, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperleptinemia associated with a HFD, but not through the alterations of gut microbiota composition or diversity during pregnancy.
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Sokołowska E, Błachnio-Zabielska AU. A Critical Review of Electroporation as A Plasmid Delivery System in Mouse Skeletal Muscle. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20112776. [PMID: 31174257 PMCID: PMC6600476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene delivery to skeletal muscles is a promising strategy for the treatment of both muscular disorders (by silencing or overexpression of specific gene) and systemic secretion of therapeutic proteins. The use of a physical method like electroporation with plate or needle electrodes facilitates long-lasting gene silencing in situ. It has been reported that electroporation enhances the expression of the naked DNA gene in the skeletal muscle up to 100 times and decreases the changeability of the intramuscular expression. Coelectransfer of reporter genes such as green fluorescent protein (GFP), luciferase or beta-galactosidase allows the observation of correctly performed silencing in the muscles. Appropriate selection of plasmid injection volume and concentration, as well as electrotransfer parameters, such as the voltage, the length and the number of electrical pulses do not cause long-term damage to myocytes. In this review, we summarized the electroporation methodology as well as the procedure of electrotransfer to the gastrocnemius, tibialis, soleus and foot muscles and compare their advantages and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Sokołowska
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Metabolic Disorders, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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Schilder RJ, Stewart H. Parasitic gut infection in Libellula pulchella causes functional and molecular resemblance of dragonfly flight muscle to skeletal muscle of obese vertebrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.188508. [PMID: 30659084 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.188508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated the existence of a naturally occurring metabolic disease phenotype in Libellula pulchella dragonflies that shows high similarity to vertebrate obesity and type II diabetes, and is caused by a protozoan gut parasite. To further mechanistic understanding of how this metabolic disease phenotype affects fitness of male L. pulchella in vivo, we examined infection effects on in situ muscle performance and molecular traits relevant to dragonfly flight performance in nature. Importantly, these traits were previously shown to be affected in obese vertebrates. Similarly to obesity effects in rat skeletal muscle, dragonfly gut infection caused a disruption of relationships between body mass, flight muscle power output and alternative pre-mRNA splicing of troponin T, which affects muscle calcium sensitivity and performance in insects and vertebrates. In addition, when simulated in situ to contract at cycle frequencies ranging from 20 to 45 Hz, flight muscles of infected individuals displayed a left shift in power-cycle frequency curves, indicating a significant reduction in their optimal cycle frequency. Interestingly, these power-cycle curves were similar to those produced by flight muscles of non-infected teneral (i.e. physiologically immature) adult L. pulchella males. Overall, our results indicate that the effects of metabolic disease on skeletal muscle physiology in natural insect systems are similar to those observed in vertebrates maintained in laboratory settings. More generally, they indicate that study of natural, host-parasite interactions can contribute important insight into how environmental factors other than diet and exercise may contribute to the development of metabolic disease phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudolf J Schilder
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, 501 Ag Sciences & Industries Building, State College, PA 16802, USA .,Pennsylvania State University, Department of Biology, 501 Ag Sciences & Industries Building, State College, PA 16802, USA
| | - Hannah Stewart
- Pennsylvania State University, Department of Entomology, 501 Ag Sciences & Industries Building, State College, PA 16802, USA
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Does Dietary-Induced Obesity in Old Age Impair the Contractile Performance of Isolated Mouse Soleus, Extensor Digitorum Longus and Diaphragm Skeletal Muscles? Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11030505. [PMID: 30818814 PMCID: PMC6470722 DOI: 10.3390/nu11030505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing and obesity independently have been shown to significantly impair isolated muscle contractile properties, though their synergistic effects are poorly understood. We uniquely examined the effects of 9 weeks of a high-fat diet (HFD) on isometric force, work loop power output (PO) across a range of contractile velocities, and fatigability of 79-week-old soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and diaphragm compared with age-matched lean controls. The dietary intervention resulted in a significant increase in body mass and gonadal fat pad mass compared to the control group. Despite increased muscle mass for HFD soleus and EDL, absolute isometric force, isometric stress (force/CSA), PO normalised to muscle mass and fatigability was unchanged, although absolute PO was significantly greater. Obesity did not cause an alteration in the contractile velocity that elicited maximal PO. In the obese group, normalised diaphragm PO was significantly reduced, with a tendency for reduced isometric stress and fatigability was unchanged. HFD soleus isolated from larger animals produced lower maximal PO which may relate to impaired balance in older, larger adults. The increase in absolute PO is smaller than the magnitude of weight gain, meaning in vivo locomotor function is likely to be impaired in old obese adults, with an association between greater body mass and poorer normalised power output for the soleus. An obesity-induced reduction in diaphragm contractility will likely impair in vivo respiratory function and consequently contribute further to the negative cycle of obesity.
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A Comparison of Dietary and Caloric Restriction Models on Body Composition, Physical Performance, and Metabolic Health in Young Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11020350. [PMID: 30736418 PMCID: PMC6412800 DOI: 10.3390/nu11020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Time-restricted feeding (TRF), alternate day fasting (ADF), and the dietary restriction model known as the Daniel Fast (DF; a vegan/non-processed food diet plan) have garnered attention recently as nutritional interventions to combat obesity. We compared the effects of various dietary models on body composition, physical performance, and metabolic health in C57BL/6 mice. Sixty young C57BL/6 male mice were assigned a diet of TRF, ADF, DF, caloric restriction (CR), a high-fat Western diet (HF) fed ad libitum, or standard rodent chow for eight weeks. Their body composition, run time to exhaustion, fasting glucose, insulin, and glucose tolerance test area under the glucose curve (AUC) were determined. Compared to the HF group, all groups displayed significantly less weight and fat mass gain, as well as non-significant changes in fat-free mass. Additionally, although not statistically significant, all groups displayed greater run time to exhaustion relative to the HF group. Compared to the HF group, all groups demonstrated significantly lower fasting glucose, insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), as well as improved glucose tolerance, and the ADF group displayed the best fasting glucose and glucose tolerance results, with DF having the best HOMA-IR. All investigated fasting protocols may improve body composition, measures of insulin sensitivity, and physical performance compared to a high-fat Western diet. The DF and ADF protocols are most favorable with regards to insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance. Since our selected dietary protocols have also been investigated in humans with success, it is plausible to consider that these dietary models could prove beneficial to men and women seeking improved body composition and metabolic health.
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Effects of Royal Jelly Administration on Endurance Training-Induced Mitochondrial Adaptations in Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111735. [PMID: 30424505 PMCID: PMC6266893 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of royal jelly (RJ), a natural secretion from worker bees, on the endurance training-induced mitochondrial adaptations in skeletal muscles of ICR mice. Mice received either RJ (1.0 mg/g body weight) or distilled water for three weeks. The mice in the training group were subjected to endurance training (20 m/min; 60 min; 5 times/week). There was a main effect of endurance training on the maximal activities of the mitochondrial enzymes, citrate synthase (CS), and β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme Adehydrogenase (β-HAD), in the plantaris and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles, while no effect of RJ treatment was observed. In the soleus muscle, CS and β-HAD maximal activities were significantly increased by endurance training in the RJ-treated group, while there was no effect of training in the control group. Furthermore, we investigated the effects of acute RJ treatment on the signaling cascade involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. In the soleus, phosphorylation of 5′-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) were additively increased by a single RJ treatment and endurance exercise, while only an exercise effect was found in the plantaris and TA muscles. These results indicate that the RJ treatment induced mitochondrial adaptation with endurance training by AMPK activation in the soleus muscles of ICR mice.
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Investigating a dose-response relationship between high-fat diet consumption and the contractile performance of isolated mouse soleus, EDL and diaphragm muscles. Eur J Appl Physiol 2018; 119:213-226. [PMID: 30357516 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-018-4017-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recent evidence has demonstrated an obesity-induced, skeletal muscle-specific reduction in contractile performance. The extent and magnitude of these changes in relation to total dose of high-fat diet consumption remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the dose-response relationship between a high-fat diet and isolated skeletal muscle contractility. METHODS 120 female CD1 mice were randomly assigned to either control group or groups receiving 2, 4, 8 or 12 weeks of a high-calorie diet (N = 24). At 20 weeks, soleus, EDL or diaphragm muscle was isolated (n = 8 in each case) and isometric force, work loop power output and fatigue resistance were measured. RESULTS When analysed with respect to feeding duration, there was no effect of diet on the measured parameters prior to 8 weeks of feeding. Compared to controls, 8-week feeding caused a reduction in normalised power of the soleus, and 8- and 12-week feeding caused reduced normalised isometric force, power and fatigue resistance of the EDL. Diaphragm from the 12-week group produced lower normalised power, whereas 8- and 12-week groups produced significantly lower normalised isometric force. Correlation statistics indicated that body fat accumulation and decline in contractility will be specific to the individual and independent of the feeding duration. CONCLUSION The data indicate that a high-fat diet causes a decline in muscle quality with specific contractile parameters being affected in each muscle. We also uniquely demonstrate that the amount of fat gain, irrespective of feeding duration, may be the main factor in reducing contractile performance.
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Tikunova S, Belevych N, Doan K, Reiser PJ. Desensitizing mouse cardiac troponin C to calcium converts slow muscle towards a fast muscle phenotype. J Physiol 2018; 596:4651-4663. [PMID: 29992562 PMCID: PMC6166084 DOI: 10.1113/jp276296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The Ca2+ -desensitizing D73N mutation in slow skeletal/cardiac troponin C caused dilatated cardiomyopathy in mice, but the consequences of this mutation in skeletal muscle were not known. The D73N mutation led to a rightward shift in the force versus pCa (-log [Ca]) relationship in slow-twitch mouse fibres. The D73N mutation led to a rightward shift in the force-stimulation frequency relationship and reduced fatigue resistance of mouse soleus muscle. The D73N mutation led to reduced cross-sectional area of slow-twitch fibres in mouse soleus muscle without affecting fibre type composition of the muscle. The D73N mutation resulted in significantly shorter times to peak force and to relaxation during isometric twitches and tetani in mouse soleus muscle. The D73N mutation led to major changes in physiological properties of mouse soleus muscle, converting slow muscle toward a fast muscle phenotype. ABSTRACT The missense mutation, D73N, in mouse cardiac troponin C has a profound impact on cardiac function, mediated by a decreased myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity. Mammalian cardiac muscle and slow skeletal muscle normally share expression of the same troponin C isoform. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the consequences of the D73N mutation in skeletal muscle, as a potential mechanism that contributes to the morbidity associated with heart failure or other conditions in which Ca2+ sensitivity might be altered. Effects of the D73N mutation on physiological properties of mouse soleus muscle, in which slow-twitch fibres are prevalent, were examined. The mutation resulted in a rightward shift of the force-stimulation frequency relationship, and significantly faster kinetics of isometric twitches and tetani in isolated soleus muscle. Furthermore, soleus muscles from D73N mice underwent a significantly greater reduction in force during a fatigue test. The mutation significantly reduced slow fibre mean cross-sectional area without affecting soleus fibre type composition. The effects of the mutation on Ca2+ sensitivity of force development in soleus skinned slow and fast fibres were also examined. As expected, the D73N mutation did not affect the Ca2+ sensitivity of force development in fast fibres but resulted in substantially decreased Ca2+ sensitivity in slow fibres. The results demonstrate that a point mutation in a single constituent of myofilaments (slow/cardiac troponin C) led to major changes in physiological properties of skeletal muscle and converted slow muscle toward a fast muscle phenotype with reduced fatigue resistance and Ca2+ sensitivity of force generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Tikunova
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyCollege of MedicineColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Natalya Belevych
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Kelly Doan
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
| | - Peter J. Reiser
- Division of Biosciences, College of DentistryOhio State UniversityColumbusOH 43210USA
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Wang X, Zhao D, Cui Y, Lu S, Gao D, Liu J. Proinflammatory macrophages impair skeletal muscle differentiation in obesity through secretion of tumor necrosis factor‐α via sustained activation of p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2566-2580. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueqiang Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and MedicineThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an China
| | - Daina Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and MedicineThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an China
| | - Yajuan Cui
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and MedicineThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an China
| | - Shemin Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySchool of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’an China
| | - Dan Gao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and MedicineThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and MedicineThe Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology and Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an China
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Andrich DE, Ou Y, Melbouci L, Leduc-Gaudet JP, Auclair N, Mercier J, Secco B, Tomaz LM, Gouspillou G, Danialou G, Comtois AS, St-Pierre DH. Altered Lipid Metabolism Impairs Skeletal Muscle Force in Young Rats Submitted to a Short-Term High-Fat Diet. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1327. [PMID: 30356919 PMCID: PMC6190893 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and ensuing disorders are increasingly prevalent in young populations. Prolonged exposure to high-fat diets (HFD) and excessive lipid accumulation were recently suggested to impair skeletal muscle functions in rodents. We aimed to determine the effects of a short-term HFD on skeletal muscle function in young rats. Young male Wistar rats (100–125 g) were fed HFD or a regular chow diet (RCD) for 14 days. Specific force, resistance to fatigue and recovery were tested in extensor digitorum longus (EDL; glycolytic) and soleus (SOL; oxidative) muscles using an ex vivo muscle contractility system. Muscle fiber typing and insulin signaling were analyzed while intramyocellular lipid droplets (LD) were characterized. Expression of key markers of lipid metabolism was also measured. Weight gain was similar for both groups. Specific force was decreased in SOL, but not in EDL of HFD rats. Muscle resistance to fatigue and force recovery were not altered in response to the diets. Similarly, muscle fiber type distribution and insulin signaling were not influenced by HFD. On the other hand, percent area and average size of intramyocellular LDs were significantly increased in the SOL of HFD rats. These effects were consistent with the increased expression of several mediators of lipid metabolism in the SOL muscle. A short-term HFD impairs specific force and alters lipid metabolism in SOL, but not EDL muscles of young rats. This indicates the importance of clarifying the early mechanisms through which lipid metabolism affects skeletal muscle functions in response to obesogenic diets in young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Andrich
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ya Ou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lilya Melbouci
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Leduc-Gaudet
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nickolas Auclair
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Mercier
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Blandine Secco
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Ville de Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Luciane Magri Tomaz
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gilles Gouspillou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Gawiyou Danialou
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Royal Military College Saint-Jean, Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada
| | - Alain-Steve Comtois
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David H St-Pierre
- Département des Sciences de l'Activités Physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Groupe de Recherche en Activité Physique Adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Centre de Recherche du CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Bitter melon seed oil increases mitochondrial content in gastrocnemius muscle and improves running endurance in sedentary C57BL/6J mice. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 58:150-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tallis J, James RS, Seebacher F. The effects of obesity on skeletal muscle contractile function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 221:221/13/jeb163840. [PMID: 29980597 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.163840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Obesity can cause a decline in contractile function of skeletal muscle, thereby reducing mobility and promoting obesity-associated health risks. We reviewed the literature to establish the current state-of-knowledge of how obesity affects skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation. At a cellular level, the dominant effects of obesity are disrupted calcium signalling and 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity. As a result, there is a shift from slow to fast muscle fibre types. Decreased AMPK activity promotes the class II histone deacetylase (HDAC)-mediated inhibition of the myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). MEF2 promotes slow fibre type expression, and its activity is stimulated by the calcium-dependent phosphatase calcineurin. Obesity-induced attenuation of calcium signalling via its effects on calcineurin, as well as on adiponectin and actinin affects excitation-contraction coupling and excitation-transcription coupling in the myocyte. These molecular changes affect muscle contractile function and phenotype, and thereby in vivo and in vitro muscle performance. In vivo, obesity can increase the absolute force and power produced by increasing the demand on weight-supporting muscle. However, when normalised to body mass, muscle performance of obese individuals is reduced. Isolated muscle preparations show that obesity often leads to a decrease in force produced per muscle cross-sectional area, and power produced per muscle mass. Obesity and ageing have similar physiological consequences. The synergistic effects of obesity and ageing on muscle function may exacerbate morbidity and mortality. Important future research directions include determining: the relationship between time course of weight gain and changes in muscle function; the relative effects of weight gain and high-fat diet feeding per se; the effects of obesity on muscle function during ageing; and if the effects of obesity on muscle function are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tallis
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Science and Health Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Rob S James
- Center for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Science and Health Building, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK
| | - Frank Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Heydon Laurence Building A08, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Diet induced obesity alters muscle spindle afferent function in adult mice. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196832. [PMID: 29718979 PMCID: PMC5931673 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Populations with obesity are more likely to fall and exhibit balance instability. The reason for this is likely multifactorial, but there is some evidence that sensory function is impaired during obesity. We tested the hypothesis that muscle proprioceptor function is compromised in a mouse model of diet induced obesity. An in vitro muscle-nerve preparation was used to record muscle spindle afferent responses to physiological stretch and sinusoidal vibration. We compared the responses of C57/Bl6 male and female mice on a control diet (10% kcal fat) with those eating a high fat diet (HFD; 60% kcal fat) for 10 weeks (final age 14–15 weeks old). Following HFD feeding, adult mice of both sexes exhibited decreased muscle spindle afferent responses to muscle movement. Muscle spindle afferent firing rates during the plateau phase of stretch were significantly lower in both male and female HFD animals as were two measures of dynamic sensitivity (dynamic peak and dynamic index). Muscle spindle afferents in male mice on a HFD were also significantly less likely to entrain to vibration. Due to the importance of muscle spindle afferents to proprioception and motor control, decreased muscle spindle afferent responsiveness may contribute to balance instability during obesity.
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Choi WH, Son HJ, Jang YJ, Ahn J, Jung CH, Ha TY. Apigenin Ameliorates the Obesity‐Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy by Attenuating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Muscle of Obese Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Won Hee Choi
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Jeong Son
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jin Jang
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Hwa Jung
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Nutrition and Metabolism Research DivisionKorea Food Research Institute Wansan‐gu Republic of Korea
- Division of Food BiotechnologyUniversity of Science and Technology Daejeon Republic of Korea
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Hua N, Takahashi H, Yee GM, Kitajima Y, Katagiri S, Kojima M, Anzai K, Eguchi Y, Hamilton JA. Influence of muscle fiber type composition on early fat accumulation under high-fat diet challenge. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182430. [PMID: 28763507 PMCID: PMC5538743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate whether differences in muscle fiber types affect early-stage fat accumulation, under high fat diet challenge in mice. Methods Twelve healthy male C57BL/6 mice experienced with short-term (6 weeks) diet treatment for the evaluation of early pattern changes in muscular fat. The mice were randomly divided into two groups: high fat diet (n = 8) and normal control diet (n = 4). Extra- and intra-myocellular lipid (EMCL and IMCL) in lumbar muscles (type I fiber predominant) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle (type II fiber predominant) were determined using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Correlation of EMCL, IMCL and their ratio between TA and lumbar muscles was evaluated. Results EMCL increased greatly in both muscle types after high fat diet. IMCL in TA and lumbar muscles increased to a much lower extent, with a slightly greater increase in TA muscles. EMCLs in the 2 muscles were positively correlated (r = 0.84, p = 0.01), but IMCLs showed a negative relationship (r = -0.84, p = 0.01). In lumbar muscles, high fat diet significantly decreased type I fiber while it increased type II fiber (all p≤0.001). In TA muscle, there was no significant fiber type shifting (p>0.05). Conclusions Under short-time high fat diet challenge, lipid tends to initially accumulate extra-cellularly. In addition, compared to type II dominant muscle, Type I dominant muscle was less susceptible to IMCL accumulation but more to fiber type shifting. These phenomena might reflect compensative responses of skeletal muscle to dietary lipid overload in order to regulate metabolic homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Hua
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Hirokazu Takahashi
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Division of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Grace M. Yee
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yoichiro Kitajima
- Division of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
- Clinical Gastroenterology, Eguchi Hospital, Saga, Japan
| | - Sayaka Katagiri
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Motoyasu Kojima
- Division of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Keizo Anzai
- Division of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Eguchi
- Division of Hepatology, Saga Medical School, Liver Center, Saga, Japan
| | - James A. Hamilton
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Fabbri E, Chiles Shaffer N, Gonzalez-Freire M, Shardell MD, Zoli M, Studenski SA, Ferrucci L. Early body composition, but not body mass, is associated with future accelerated decline in muscle quality. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2017; 8:490-499. [PMID: 28198113 PMCID: PMC5476863 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle quality (MQ) or strength-to-mass ratio declines with aging, but the rate of MQ change with aging is highly heterogeneous across individuals. The identification of risk factors for accelerated MQ decline may offer clues to identity the underpinning physiological mechanisms and indicate targets for prevention and treatment. Using data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, we tested whether measures of body mass and body composition are associated with differential rates of changes in MQ with aging. METHODS Participants included 511 men and women, aged 50 years or older, followed for an average of 4 years (range: 1-8). MQ was operationalized as ratio between knee-extension isokinetic strength and CT-thigh muscle cross-sectional area. Predictors included body mass and body composition measures: weight (kg), body mass index (BMI, kg/m2 ), dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry-measured total body fat mass (TFM, kg) and lean mass (TLM, kg), and body fatness (TFM/weight). Covariates were baseline age, sex, race, and body height. RESULTS Muscle quality showed a significant linear decline over the time of the follow up (average rate of decline 0.02 Nm/cm2 per year, P < .001). Independent of covariates, neither baseline body weight (P = .756) nor BMI (P = .777) was predictive of longitudinal rate of decline in MQ. Instead, higher TFM and lower TLM at baseline predicted steeper longitudinal decline in MQ (P = .036 and P < .001, respectively). In particular, participants with both high TFM and low TLM at baseline experienced the most dramatic decline compared with those with low TFM and high TLM (about 3% per year vs. 0.5% per year, respectively). Participants in the higher tertile of baseline body fatness presented a significantly faster decline of MQ than the rest of the population (P = .021). Similar results were observed when body mass, TFM, and TLM were modeled as time-dependent predictors. CONCLUSIONS Body composition, but not weight nor BMI, is associated with future MQ decline, suggesting that preventive strategies aimed at maintaining good MQ with aging should specifically target body composition features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Fabbri
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nancy Chiles Shaffer
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA
| | - Marta Gonzalez-Freire
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA
| | - Michelle D Shardell
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA
| | - Marco Zoli
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stephanie A Studenski
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA
| | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Study Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Baltimore, MD, 21224-6825, USA
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Acevedo LM, Raya AI, Ríos R, Aguilera-Tejero E, Rivero JLL. Obesity-induced discrepancy between contractile and metabolic phenotypes in slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscles of female obese Zucker rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:249-259. [PMID: 28522764 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00282.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A clear picture of skeletal muscle adaptations to obesity and related comorbidities remains elusive. This study describes fiber-type characteristics (size, proportions, and oxidative enzyme activity) in two typical hindlimb muscles with opposite structure and function in an animal model of genetic obesity. Lesser fiber diameter, fiber-type composition, and histochemical succinic dehydrogenase activity (an oxidative marker) of muscle fiber types were assessed in slow (soleus)- and fast (tibialis cranialis)-twitch muscles of obese Zucker rats and compared with age (16 wk)- and sex (females)-matched lean Zucker rats (n = 16/group). Muscle mass and lesser fiber diameter were lower in both muscle types of obese compared with lean animals even though body weights were increased in the obese cohort. A faster fiber-type phenotype also occurred in slow- and fast-twitch muscles of obese rats compared with lean rats. These adaptations were accompanied by a significant increment in histochemical succinic dehydrogenase activity of slow-twitch fibers in the soleus muscle and fast-twitch fiber types in the tibialis cranialis muscle. Obesity significantly increased plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines but did not significantly affect protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors PPARγ or PGC1α in either muscle. These data demonstrate that, in female Zucker rats, obesity induces a reduction of muscle mass in which skeletal muscles show a diminished fiber size and a faster and more oxidative phenotype. It was noteworthy that this discrepancy in muscle's contractile and metabolic features was of comparable nature and extent in muscles with different fiber-type composition and antagonist functions.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study demonstrates a discrepancy between morphological (reduced muscle mass), contractile (shift toward a faster phenotype), and metabolic (increased mitochondrial oxidative enzyme activity) characteristics in skeletal muscles of female Zucker fatty rats. It is noteworthy that this inconsistency was comparable (in nature and extent) in muscles with different structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M Acevedo
- Laboratorio de Biopatología Muscular, Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - Ana I Raya
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and
| | - Rafael Ríos
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and
| | - Escolástico Aguilera-Tejero
- Departamento de Medicina y Cirugía Animal, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain.,Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain; and
| | - José-Luis L Rivero
- Laboratorio de Biopatología Muscular, Departamento de Anatomía y Anatomía Patológica Comparadas, Universidad de Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain;
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Zhou Q, Gu Y, Lang H, Wang X, Chen K, Gong X, Zhou M, Ran L, Zhu J, Mi M. Dihydromyricetin prevents obesity-induced slow-twitch-fiber reduction partially via FLCN/FNIP1/AMPK pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:1282-1291. [PMID: 28363698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is often accompanied by decreases in the proportion of skeletal muscle slow-twitch fibers and insulin sensitivity. Increased plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) levels are responsible for obesity-associated insulin resistance. Palmitate, one of the most elevated plasma NEFA in obesity, has been recognized as the principle inducer of insulin resistance. The present study showed that increased plasma NEFA levels were negatively linked to slow-twitch fiber proportion and insulin sensitivity, while slow-twitch fiber proportion was positively correlated to insulin sensitivity in high fat diet (HFD)-fed and ob/ob mice. Dihydromyricetin (DHM) intervention increased slow-twitch fiber proportion and improved insulin resistance. In cultured C2C12 myotubes, palmitate treatment resulted in decrease of slow-twitch fiber specific Myh7 expression and insulin resistance, concomitant with folliculin (FLCN) and folliculin-interacting protein 1 (FNIP1) expression increase, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) inactivation and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression decrease. Those palmitate-induced effects could be blocked by knock-down of FLCN expression or DHM intervention. Meanwhile, the protective effects of DHM were alleviated by over-expression of FLCN. In addition, the changes in AMPK activity and expression of FLCN and FNIP1 in vivo were consistent with those occurring in vitro. These findings suggest that DHM treatment prevents palmitate-induced slow-twitch fibers decrease partially via FLCN-FNIP1-AMPK pathway thereby improving insulin resistance in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicheng Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Yeyun Gu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Hedong Lang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xiaolan Wang
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Ka Chen
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Xinhua Gong
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Min Zhou
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Li Ran
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China
| | - Jundong Zhu
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
| | - Mantian Mi
- Research Center for Nutrition and Food Safety, Institute of Military Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chongqing Medical Nutrition Research Center, Chongqing 400038, PR China.
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Seebacher F, Tallis J, McShea K, James RS. Obesity-induced decreases in muscle performance are not reversed by weight loss. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1271-1278. [PMID: 28337027 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Obesity can affect muscle phenotypes, and may thereby constrain movement and energy expenditure. Weight loss is a common and intuitive intervention for obesity, but it is not known whether the effects of obesity on muscle function are reversible by weight loss. Here we tested whether obesity-induced changes in muscle metabolic and contractile phenotypes are reversible by weight loss. SUBJECTS/METHODS We used zebrafish (Danio rerio) in a factorial design to compare energy metabolism, locomotor capacity, muscle isometric force and work-loop power output, and myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition between lean fish, diet-induced obese fish, and fish that were obese and then returned to lean body mass following diet restriction. RESULTS Obesity increased resting metabolic rates (P<0.001) and decreased maximal metabolic rates (P=0.030), but these changes were reversible by weight loss, and were not associated with changes in muscle citrate synthase activity. In contrast, obesity-induced decreases in locomotor performance (P=0.0034), and isolated muscle isometric stress (P=0.01), work-loop power output (P<0.001) and relaxation rates (P=0.012) were not reversed by weight loss. Similarly, obesity-induced decreases in concentrations of fast and slow MHCs, and a shift toward fast MHCs were not reversed by weight loss. CONCLUSION Obesity-induced changes in locomotor performance and muscle contractile function were not reversible by weight loss. These results show that weight loss alone may not be a sufficient intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Seebacher
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - J Tallis
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
| | - K McShea
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - R S James
- Centre for Applied Biological and Exercise Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, UK
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Acevedo LM, Raya AI, Martínez-Moreno JM, Aguilera–Tejero E, Rivero JLL. Mangiferin protects against adverse skeletal muscle changes and enhances muscle oxidative capacity in obese rats. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173028. [PMID: 28253314 PMCID: PMC5333851 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity-related skeletal muscle changes include muscle atrophy, slow-to-fast fiber-type transformation, and impaired mitochondrial oxidative capacity. These changes relate with increased risk of insulin resistance. Mangiferin, the major component of the plant Mangifera indica, is a well-known anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antihyperlipidemic agent. This study tested the hypothesis that mangiferin treatment counteracts obesity-induced fiber atrophy and slow-to-fast fiber transition, and favors an oxidative phenotype in skeletal muscle of obese rats. Obese Zucker rats were fed gelatin pellets with (15 mg/kg BW/day) or without (placebo group) mangiferin for 8 weeks. Lean Zucker rats received the same gelatin pellets without mangiferin and served as non-obese and non-diabetic controls. Lesser diameter, fiber composition, and histochemical succinic dehydrogenase activity (an oxidative marker) of myosin-based fiber-types were assessed in soleus and tibialis cranialis muscles. A multivariate discriminant analysis encompassing all fiber-type features indicated that obese rats treated with mangiferin displayed skeletal muscle phenotypes significantly different compared with both lean and obese control rats. Mangiferin significantly decreased inflammatory cytokines, preserved skeletal muscle mass, fiber cross-sectional size, and fiber-type composition, and enhanced muscle fiber oxidative capacity. These data demonstrate that mangiferin attenuated adverse skeletal muscle changes in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz M. Acevedo
- Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I. Raya
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Julio M. Martínez-Moreno
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Escolástico Aguilera–Tejero
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
- Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - José-Luis L. Rivero
- Laboratory of Muscular Biopathology, Department of Comparative Anatomy and Pathological Anatomy, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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