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Wouda MF, Slettahjell HB, Lundgaard E, Bastani NE, Raastad T, Blomhoff R, Kostovski E. Acute changes in antioxidants and oxidative stress to vigorous arm exercise: an intervention trial in persons with spinal cord injury and healthy controls. Spinal Cord Ser Cases 2023; 9:32. [PMID: 37443310 DOI: 10.1038/s41394-023-00590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Intervention trial. BACKGROUND Literature remains unclear on possible health benefits and risks assosciated with high intensity exercise for persons with SCI. Elevated oxidative stress levels might influence their ability to exercise at high intensity. We investigated several biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant defense at rest, during and after vigorous exercise among persons with chronic SCI. SETTING Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Norway. METHODS Six participants (five males) with chronic SCI (AIS A, injury level thoracic 2-8, >1 year postinjury) and six matched able-bodied controls performed two maximal arm-cranking tests, with one-three days in between. During the second exercise test, participants performed three bouts with four minutes arm cranking at high intensity (85-95% of peak heart rate (HRpeak)), before they reached maximal effort. Blood and urine biomarkers for oxidative stress and antioxidant levels were collected at six time points at the day of the second exercise test; baseline, at high intensity exercise, at maximal effort, at five, 30 and 60 min post-exercise, and 24 h post exercise. RESULTS Participants with SCI had significant lower levels of creatinine (∆16 µmol/L, p = 0.03), α-carotene (∆0.14 nmol/L, p < 0.001) and β-carotene (∆0.51 nmol/L, p = 0.001) at baseline compared to controls. Urine and blood biomarkers of oxidative stress and antioxidant levels showed similar response to vigorous exercise in the SCI and control group. CONCLUSIONS SCI participants showed similar changes in redox status during high intensity exercise compared to matched able-bodied. SCI participants had lower levels of exogen antioxidants both before, during and after vigorous exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthijs F Wouda
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Research department, Nesoddtangen, Norway.
| | - Hanne Bjørg Slettahjell
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Research department, Nesoddtangen, Norway
- University of Oslo, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind Lundgaard
- Sunnaas Rehabilitation Hospital, Research department, Nesoddtangen, Norway
| | - Nasser E Bastani
- University of Oslo, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Department of Physical Performance, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- University of Oslo, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Oslo University Hospital, Department of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo, Norway
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Immunosuppressant Tacrolimus Treatment Delays Acute Seizure Occurrence, Reduces Elevated Oxidative Stress, and Reverses PGF2α Burst in the Brain of PTZ-Treated Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:1971-1980. [PMID: 36780043 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-023-03885-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
It is still an urgent need to find alternative and effective therapies to combat epileptic seizures. Tacrolimus as a potent immunosuppressant and calcineurin inhibitor is emerging as promising drug to suppress seizures. However, there are few reports applying tacrolimus to epilepsy and providing data for its antiseizure properties. In this study, we investigated the antiseizure effects of 5 and 10 mg/kg doses of tacrolimus treatment priorly to pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) induction of seizures in rats. As an experimental design, we establish two independent rat groups where we observe convulsive seizures following 70 mg/kg PTZ and sub-convulsive seizures detected by electroencephalography (EEG) following 35 mg/kg PTZ. Thereafter, we proceed with biochemical analyses of the brain including assessment of malondialdehyde level as an indicator of lipid peroxidation and detection of superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and PGF2α. Tacrolimus pre-treatment dose-dependently resulted in lesser seizure severity according to Racine's scale, delayed start-up latency of the first myoclonic jerk and attenuated the spike percentages detected by EEG in seizure-induced rats. However, only the higher dose of tacrolimus was effective to restore lipid peroxidation. An increase in SOD activity was observed in the PTZ group, mediated by seizure activity per se, however, it was greater in the groups that received treatment with 5 and 10 mg/kg of Tacrolimus. PGF2α bursts following PTZ induction of seizures were reversed by tacrolimus pre-treatment in a dose-dependent manner as well. We report that the well-known immunosuppressant tacrolimus is a promising agent to suppress seizures. Comparative studies are necessary to determine the possible utilization of tacrolimus in clinical cases.
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Bøhn SK, Myhrstad MCW, Thoresen M, Erlund I, Vasstrand AK, Marciuch A, Carlsen MH, Bastani NE, Engedal K, Flekkøy KM, Blomhoff R. Bilberry/red grape juice decreases plasma biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage in aged men with subjective memory impairment -a randomized clinical trial. BMC Nutr 2021; 7:75. [PMID: 34802467 PMCID: PMC8607697 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-021-00482-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few randomized clinical trials have explored the health effects of bilberries in humans. The aim was to test the effect of bilberry and red grape-juice consumption on visual memory, motor speed and dexterity as well as inflammatory and tissue damage biomarkers of plasma in aged men with subjective memory impairment. METHODS Nine-week double-blind, placebo-controlled, dietary intervention study of aged men (n = 60, age ≥ 67 years) with subjective memory impairment randomized to consume a 50/50 mix of bilberry/red grape-juice or an iso-caloric placebo juice. A selection of Cambridge Cognition Test Battery (CANTAB), Grooved Pegboard tests and blood-sampling for biomarker analysis were performed before and after the intervention. RESULTS Compared to placebo the selected memory and motor test scores were un-affected by the bilberry/red grape intervention. However, the plasma levels of tissue damage biomarkers decreased significantly more in the bilberry/red grape group. In particular lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) decreased from 362 U/L (median, baseline) to 346 U/L (median, post intervention) in the bilberry/red grape group. Also, several biomarkers of inflammation (EGF, IL6, IL9, IL10 and TNFα) decreased significantly more in the bilberry/red grape group. Furthermore, several plasma polyphenols; p-coumaric acid, hippuric acid, protocatechuic acid, 3HPAA and vanillic acid, increased significantly more in the bilberry/red grape group compared to placebo with the largest increase in p-coumaric acid with 116%; from 2.2 [1.0,5.5] to 4.7 [2.8,8.1] μM/L (median [95% CL]). CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that a nine-week bilberry/red grape juice intervention has no measurable effects on the selected memory scores in aged men experiencing memory problems but decreases the level of biomarkers of inflammation and tissue damage. Whether the dampening effects on inflammation and tissue damage biomarkers have relevance for neuroinflammatory brain pathology remains to be established. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration number ( ClinicalTrials.gov : NCT00972972 ), September 9, 2009.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siv K Bøhn
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway.
| | - Mari C W Myhrstad
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Thoresen
- Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Iris Erlund
- Department of Government Services, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Anne Marciuch
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Monica H Carlsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Nasser E Bastani
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Knut Engedal
- Department of geriatric medicine, Oslo university hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Holder C, Adams A, Allison C, Cote O, Lippens R, Blount BC, Wang L. A Novel UHPLC-MS/MS Method for Measuring 8- iso-Prostaglandin F 2α in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid. Front Chem 2021; 9:695940. [PMID: 34476231 PMCID: PMC8406638 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.695940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In August 2019, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) received the first reports of lung injuries that were eventually termed e-cigarette, or vaping, product use–associated lung injury (EVALI). As part of the investigation, CDC laboratories rapidly developed assays for analyzing substances in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected from EVALI case patients. This report describes the development and validation of a high-throughput isotope dilution UHPLC-MS/MS method for measuring a major oxidative stress biomarker, 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-isoprostane), in BAL fluid samples. The method showed good sensitivity, 17.6 pg/ml LOD, and requires only 50 μl of sample volume. The method had high throughput with an analytical run time of 11 min. The within-day and between-day coefficient of variation (CV) were below 2%. Accuracy, calculated from spiked recovery, at three spiking levels, ranged from 95.5–101.8%. This novel UHPLC-MS/MS method characterizes oxidative stress in lung epithelial tissue and thus helps to elucidate potential pathologic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Holder
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Aaron Adams
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Claire Allison
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Olivia Cote
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Rachel Lippens
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States
| | - Benjamin C Blount
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lanqing Wang
- Tobacco and Volatiles Branch, Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Zhang L, Wang X, Cueto R, Effi C, Zhang Y, Tan H, Qin X, Ji Y, Yang X, Wang H. Biochemical basis and metabolic interplay of redox regulation. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101284. [PMID: 31400697 PMCID: PMC6831867 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence strongly indicates that oxidative stress, characterized by an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and antioxidants in favor of oxidants, plays an important role in disease pathogenesis. However, ROS can act as signaling molecules and fulfill essential physiological functions at basal levels. Each ROS would be different in the extent to stimulate and contribute to different pathophysiological effects. Importantly, multiple ROS generators can be activated either concomitantly or sequentially by relevant signaling molecules for redox biological functions. Here, we summarized the current knowledge related to chemical and biochemical features of primary ROS species and corresponding antioxidants. Metabolic pathways of five major ROS generators and five ROS clearance systems were described, including their ROS products, specific ROS enriched tissue, cell and organelle, and relevant functional implications. We provided an overview of ROS generation and induction at different levels of metabolism. We classified 11 ROS species into three types based on their reactivity and target selectivity and presented ROS homeostasis and functional implications in pathological and physiological status. This article intensively reviewed and refined biochemical basis, metabolic signaling and regulation, functional insights, and provided guidance for the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixiao Zhang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Xianwei Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Ramón Cueto
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Comfort Effi
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Yuling Zhang
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, China
| | - Hongmei Tan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, 510080, China
| | - Xuebin Qin
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Yong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Molecular Intervention, Nanjing Medical University, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA
| | - Hong Wang
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, 19140, USA.
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A five-year follow-up study of antioxidants, oxidative stress and polyunsaturated fatty acids in schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2019; 31:202-212. [PMID: 31178002 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2019.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress and dysregulated antioxidant defence may be involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In the present study, we investigated changes in antioxidants and oxidative stress from an acute to a later stable phase. We hypothesised that the levels of oxidative markers are increased in schizophrenia compared with healthy controls; change from the acute to the stable phase; and are associated with the levels of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and symptom severity. METHODS Fifty-five patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, assessed during an acute phase and 5 years later during a stable phase, and 51 healthy controls were included. We measured antioxidants (α-tocopherol, uric acid, albumin and bilirubin), markers of oxidative stress (F2-isoprostane and reactive oxygen metabolites) and membrane fatty acids. Antioxidants and oxidative stress markers were compared in schizophrenia versus healthy controls, adjusting for differences in sex, age and smoking, and changes over time. Associations between symptoms and PUFA were also investigated. RESULTS In the acute phase, α-tocopherol was significantly higher (p < 0.001), while albumin was lower (p < 0.001) compared with the stable phase. Changes in α-tocopherol were associated with PUFA levels in the acute phase. In the stable phase, schizophrenia patients had higher uric acid (p = 0.009) and lower bilirubin (p = 0.046) than healthy controls. CRP was higher in patients in the stable phase (p < 0.001), and there was no significant change from the acute phase. CONCLUSION The present findings of change in antioxidant levels in the acute versus stable phase of schizophrenia the present findings suggest that redox regulation is dynamic and changes during different phases of the disorder.
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Koivisto AE, Olsen T, Paur I, Paulsen G, Bastani NE, Garthe I, Raastad T, Matthews J, Blomhoff R, Bøhn SK. Effects of antioxidant-rich foods on altitude-induced oxidative stress and inflammation in elite endurance athletes: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0217895. [PMID: 31194785 PMCID: PMC6563980 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Various altitude training regimes, systematically used to improve oxygen carrying capacity and sports performance, have been associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammation. We investigated whether increased intake of common antioxidant-rich foods attenuates these processes. Methods In a randomized controlled trial, 31 elite endurance athletes (23 ± 5 years), ingested antioxidant-rich foods (n = 16), (> doubling their usual intake), or eucaloric control foods (n = 15) during a 3-week altitude training camp (2320 m). Fasting blood and urine samples were collected 7 days pre-altitude, after 5 and 18 days at altitude, and 7 days post-altitude. Change over time was compared between the groups using mixed models for antioxidant capacity [uric acid-free (ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)], oxidative stress (8-epi-PGF2α) and inflammatory biomarkers (IFNγ, IL1α, IL1RA, IL1β, IL2, IL5, IL6, IL7, IL10, IL12p70, IL13, IL17, TNFα, MCP-1 and micro-CRP). The cytokine response to a stress-test (VO2max ramp test or 100 m swimming) was assessed at pre- and post-altitude. Results FRAP increased more in the antioxidant compared to the control group (p = 0.034). IL13 decreased in the antioxidant group, while increasing in the controls (p = 0.006). A similar trend was seen for IL6 (p = 0.062). A larger decrease in micro-CRP was detected in the antioxidant group compared to controls (β: -0.62, p = 0.02). We found no group differences for the remaining cytokines. 8-epi-PGF2α increased significantly in the whole population (p = 0.033), regardless group allocation. The stress response was significantly larger post-altitude compared with pre-altitude for IL1β, IL6, IL7, IL13, IL12p70 and TNFα, but we found no group differences. Conclusions Increased intake of antioxidant-rich foods elevated the antioxidant capacity and attenuated some of the altitude-induced systemic inflammatory biomarkers in elite athletes. The antioxidant intervention had no impact on the altitude-induced oxidative stress or changes in acute cytokine responses to exercise stress-tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Elisa Koivisto
- Norwegian Olympic Sports Centre, Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Olsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingvild Paur
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gøran Paulsen
- Norwegian Olympic Sports Centre, Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Ina Garthe
- Norwegian Olympic Sports Centre, Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports, Oslo, Norway
| | - Truls Raastad
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jason Matthews
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rune Blomhoff
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Division of Clinical Service, Division of Cancer Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Kjølsrud Bøhn
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Maciel-Ruiz JA, López-Rivera C, Robles-Morales R, Veloz-Martínez MG, López-Arellano R, Rodríguez-Patiño G, Petrosyan P, Govezensky T, Salazar AM, Ostrosky-Wegman P, Montero-Montoya R, Gonsebatt ME. Prenatal exposure to particulate matter and ozone: Bulky DNA adducts, plasma isoprostanes, allele risk variants, and neonate susceptibility in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2019; 60:428-442. [PMID: 30706525 DOI: 10.1002/em.22276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mexico City's Metropolitan Area (MCMA) includes Mexico City and 60 municipalities of the neighbor states. Inhabitants are exposed to emissions from over five million vehicles and stationary sources of air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM) and ozone. MCMA PM contains elemental carbon and organic carbon (OC). OCs include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), many of which induce mutagenic and carcinogenic DNA adducts. Gestational exposure to air pollution has been associated with increased risk of intrauterine growth restriction, preterm birth or low birth weight risk, and PAH-DNA adducts. These effects also depend on the presence of risk alleles. We investigated the presence of bulky PAH-DNA adducts, plasma 8-iso-PGF2α (8-iso-prostaglandin F2α ) and risk allele variants in neonates cord blood and their non-smoking mothers' leucocytes from families that were living in a highly polluted area during 2014-2015. The presence of adducts was significantly associated with both PM2.5 and PM10 levels, mainly during the last trimester of gestation in both neonates and mothers, while the last month of pregnancy was significant for the association between ozone levels and maternal plasma 8-iso-PGF2α . Fetal CYP1B1*3 risk allele was associated with increased adduct levels in neonates while the presence of the maternal allele significantly reduced the levels of fetal adducts. Maternal NQO1*2 was associated with lower maternal levels of adducts. Our findings suggest the need to reduce actual PM limits in MCMA. We did not observe a clear association between PM and/or adduct levels and neonate weight, length, body mass index, Apgar or Capurro score. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 60:428-442, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge A Maciel-Ruiz
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cristina López-Rivera
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Rogelio Robles-Morales
- División de Investigación de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia 3 "Dr. Victor Manuel Espinosa de los Reyes Sánchez", Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria G Veloz-Martínez
- División de Investigación de la Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia 3 "Dr. Victor Manuel Espinosa de los Reyes Sánchez", Centro Médico Nacional "La Raza", Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Raquel López-Arellano
- LEDEFAR, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuatitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gabriela Rodríguez-Patiño
- LEDEFAR, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuatitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pavel Petrosyan
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Tzipe Govezensky
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Ana M Salazar
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Patricia Ostrosky-Wegman
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Regina Montero-Montoya
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maria E Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
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Chen X, Lee J, Wu H, Tsang AW, Furdui CM. Mass Spectrometry in Advancement of Redox Precision Medicine. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1140:327-358. [PMID: 31347057 PMCID: PMC9236553 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-15950-4_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Redox (portmanteau of reduction-oxidation) reactions involve the transfer of electrons between chemical species in biological processes fundamental to life. It is of outmost importance that cells maintain a healthy redox state by balancing the action of oxidants and antioxidants; failure to do so leads to a multitude of diseases including cancer, diabetes, fibrosis, autoimmune diseases, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. From the perspective of precision medicine, it is therefore beneficial to interrogate the redox phenotype of the individual-similar to the use of genomic sequencing-in order to design tailored strategies for disease prevention and treatment. This chapter provides an overview of redox metabolism and focuses on how mass spectrometry (MS) can be applied to advance our knowledge in redox biology and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jingyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hanzhi Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Allen W Tsang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Cristina M Furdui
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- Wake Forest Baptist Comprehensive Cancer Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
- Center for Redox Biology and Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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Rodríguez Patiño G, Castillo Rodríguez MA, Ramírez Bribiesca JE, Ramírez Noguera P, Gonsebatt Bonaparte ME, López-Arellano R. Development of a method for the determination of 8-iso-PGF2α in sheep and goat plasma using solid-phase microextraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2018; 32:1675-1682. [PMID: 29964308 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Isoprostane 8-iso-PGF2α is a biomarker of lipid peroxidation in cell membranes. The method developed to measure plasma total levels (esterified + free) of 8-iso-PGF2α must be reproducible and be able to reduce the use of solvents in solid phase extraction. It should be useful to evaluate oxidative stress due to the excess of free radicals that are generated by some disorder or disease. METHODS The method was developed using solid-phase microextraction with Oasis®MAX μElution plates and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS/MS). Electrospray ionization was performed in the negative mode (ESI-); the multiple reaction monitoring mode (MRM) was used. The development of the method included the optimization of the chromatographic conditions to achieve the separation of PGF2α and 8-iso-PGF2α as well as the optimization of the microextraction conditions of the analyte of interest in ovine and goat plasma. RESULTS The developed method was validated with a calibration curve of plasma samples fortified with standards at five concentration levels in the range 49-639 pg/mL. The average recovery was 89% with a standard deviation of 10.73%. The inter-day precision was evaluated, obtaining a coefficient of variance (CV) less than 15%. The limit of quantification was 20 pg/mL and the limit of detection was 10 pg/mL. 8-iso-PGF2a was determined in the plasma of 14 sheep and 20 goats of 5 months of age and 6 goats of 24 months of age. The concentrations found were 50-300 pg/mL. CONCLUSIONS The method developed is precise, accurate and reliable with low reagent consumption compared with conventional solid-phase extraction. The analysis time was decreased because, with the use of the microextraction plate, the step of the evaporation and reconstitution of the analyte was avoided. The method is applicable to quantify the plasma total levels (esterified + free) of 8-iso-PGF2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Rodríguez Patiño
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. Mexico, Mexico, CP, 54714
| | - Miriam Aide Castillo Rodríguez
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. Mexico, Mexico, CP, 54714
| | | | - Patricia Ramírez Noguera
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. Mexico, Mexico, CP, 54714
| | - María Eugenia Gonsebatt Bonaparte
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Institute of Biomedical, Genomic Medicine and Environmental Toxicology Research, University City, Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico, CP, 04510
| | - Raquel López-Arellano
- National Autonomous University of Mexico, Cuautitlán, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Edo. Mexico, Mexico, CP, 54714
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11
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The effects of yoga exercise on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in pregnant women. INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SPECIALITIES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.injms.2018.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Ulstein I, Bøhmer T. Normal Vitamin Levels and Nutritional Indices in Alzheimer's Disease Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment or Dementia with Normal Body Mass Indexes. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 55:717-725. [PMID: 27716664 PMCID: PMC5147482 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Evidence supports an association between vitamin deficiencies and cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). If vitamin deficiencies are causative for AD development, they should be detectable during very early stages of AD. Here we investigated nutritional factors among home-living patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to AD, compared to healthy controls. Our study included 73 patients with AD (25 with MCI, 48 with dementia) and 63 cognitively intact age-matched controls. All participants underwent cognitive testing, somatic examination, and measurements of vitamins A, B1, B6, folate, B12, C, D, and E, and F2-α-isoprostane. Results are given as mean (SD). MMSE scores were 29.1 (1.0) for healthy controls, 27.4 (1.8) for patients with MCI, and 24.3 (3.2) for patients with dementia. Vitamin concentrations for the these groups, respectively, were as follows: B1 (nmol/l), 157 (29), 161 (35), and 161 (32); B6 (nmol/l), 57 (63), 71 (104), and 58 (44); folate (mmol/l), 23 (9), 26 (10), and 23 (11); B12 (pmol/l), 407 (159), 427 (116), and 397 (204); C (μmol/l), 63 (18), 61 (16), and 63 (29); A (μmol/l), 2.3 (0.6), 2.2 (0.5), and 2.3 (0.5); E (μmol/l), 36 (6.3), 36 (6.9), and 36 (8.2); 25-OH vitamin D (nmol/l), 65 (18), 61 (19), and 65 (20); and 8-iso-PGFα (pg/ml), 64 (27); 60 (19), and 66 (51). These concentrations did not significantly differ (p≤0.05) between the three groups. Our results do not support the hypothesis that vitamin deficiencies play a causative role in the development of early cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingun Ulstein
- Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevaal, Oslo, Norway.,University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Bøhmer
- University of Oslo, Faculty of Medicine, Oslo, Norway.,Nutritional Laboratory, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Aker, Oslo, Norway
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13
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Novel free-radical mediated lipid peroxidation biomarkers in newborn plasma. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 996:88-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Development of an LC-ESI(-)-MS/MS method for the simultaneous quantification of 35 isoprostanes and isofurans derived from the major n3- and n6-PUFAs. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 1037:63-74. [PMID: 30292316 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Misregulation of oxidative and antioxidative processes in the organism - oxidative stress - contributes to the pathogenesis of different diseases, e.g. inflammatory or neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress leads to autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids giving rise to prostaglandin-like isoprostanes (IsoP) and isofurans (IsoF). On the one hand they could serve as biomarker of oxidative stress and on the other hand may act as lipid mediators, similarly as the enzymatically formed oxylipins. In the present paper we describe the development of an LC-ESI(-)-MS/MS method allowing the parallel quantification of 27 IsoP and 8 IsoF derived from 6 different PUFA (ALA, ARA, EPA, AdA, n6-DPA, DHA) within 12 min. The chromatographic separation was carried out on an RP-C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 1.8 μm) yielding narrow peaks with an average width at half maximum of 3.3-4.2 s. Detection was carried out on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer operating in selected reaction monitoring mode allowing the selective detection of regioisomers. The limit of detection ranged between 0.1 and 1 nM allowing in combination with solid phase extraction the detection of IsoP and IsoF at subnanomolar concentrations in biological samples. The method was validated for human plasma showing high accuracy and precision. Application of the approach on the investigation of oxidative stress in cultured cells indicated a distinct pattern of IsoP and IsoF in response to reactive oxygen species which warrants further investigation. The described method is not only the most comprehensive approach for the simultaneous quantification of IsoP and IsoF, but it was also integrated in a targeted metabolomics method (Ostermann et al. (2015) Anal Bioanal Chem) allowing the quantification of in total 164 oxylipins formed enzymatically and non-enzymatically within 30.5 min.
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15
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Galano JM, Lee YY, Oger C, Vigor C, Vercauteren J, Durand T, Giera M, Lee JCY. Isoprostanes, neuroprostanes and phytoprostanes: An overview of 25years of research in chemistry and biology. Prog Lipid Res 2017; 68:83-108. [PMID: 28923590 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of the 1990's diverse types of metabolites originating from polyunsaturated fatty acids, formed under autooxidative conditions were discovered. Known as prostaglandin isomers (or isoprostanoids) originating from arachidonic acid, neuroprostanes from docosahexaenoic acid, and phytoprostanes from α-linolenic acid proved to be prevalent in biology. The syntheses of these compounds by organic chemists and the development of sophisticated mass spectrometry methods has boosted our understanding of the isoprostanoid biology. In recent years, it has become accepted that these molecules not only serve as markers of oxidative damage but also exhibit a wide range of bioactivities. In addition, isoprostanoids have emerged as indicators of oxidative stress in humans and their environment. This review explores in detail the isoprostanoid chemistry and biology that has been achieved in the past three decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Yiu Yiu Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Joseph Vercauteren
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, France
| | - Martin Giera
- Leiden University Medical Center, Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Albinusdreef 2, 2300RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
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16
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Lee YY, Galano JM, Oger C, Vigor C, Guillaume R, Roy J, Le Guennec JY, Durand T, Lee JCY. Assessment of Isoprostanes in Human Plasma: Technical Considerations and the Use of Mass Spectrometry. Lipids 2016; 51:1217-1229. [PMID: 27671161 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-016-4198-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxygenated lipid mediators released from non-enzymatic peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are known to have functional roles in humans. Notably, among these lipid mediators, isoprostanes molecules are robust biomarkers of oxidative stress but those from n-3 PUFA are also bioactive molecules. In order to identify and assess the isoprostanes, the use of mass spectrometry (MS) for analysis is preferable and has been used for over two decades. Gas chromatography (GC) is commonly coupled to the MS to separate the derivatized isoprostanes of interest in biological samples. In order to increase the accuracy of the analytical performance, GC-MS/MS was also applied. Lately, MS or MS/MS has been coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography to assess multiple isoprostane molecules in a single biological sample without derivatization process. However, there are limitations for the use of LC-MS/MS in the measurement of plasma isoprostanes, which will be discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiu Yiu Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Reversat Guillaume
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Roy
- UMR CNRS 9214-Inserm U1046 Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Yves Le Guennec
- UMR CNRS 9214-Inserm U1046 Physiologie et Médecine Expérimentale du cœur et des muscles-PHYMEDEXP, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS, ENSCM, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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17
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Guo W, Huen K, Park JS, Petreas M, Crispo Smith S, Block G, Holland N. Vitamin C intervention may lower the levels of persistent organic pollutants in blood of healthy women - A pilot study. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 92:197-204. [PMID: 27090108 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals including persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has a long term impact on human health. The goal of this pilot study was to test whether antioxidant intervention by vitamin C supplementation may be a remedial approach to decrease body burden of POPs in humans. Using solid phase extraction coupled with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer and a gas chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry, we measured 18 PCBs, 7 OCPs, and 5 PBDEs in the blood of 15 healthy California women (8 were obese/overweight and 7 had normal weight) before and after 2 months of vitamin C supplementation (1000 mg/day). We observed higher PBDE levels than PCBs and OCPs, but only PCB and OCP levels were strongly and positively correlated with participant's BMI and age. We also found statistically significant decreases in 6 PCBs (PCB-74, PCB-118, PCB-138, PCB-153, PCB-180, and PCB-187), and 2 OCPs (4,4'-DDE, and 4,4'-DDT), but not PBDEs after vitamin C supplementation. Pending confirmation of this pilot finding in a larger study of both sexes, vitamin C intervention may have important public health implications in protecting health by reducing body burdens of POPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Guo
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, S. 100, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA.
| | - Karen Huen
- School of Public Health, 50 University Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - June-Soo Park
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, S. 100, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Myrto Petreas
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, S. 100, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA
| | - Sabrina Crispo Smith
- Environmental Chemistry Laboratory, California Department of Toxic Substances Control, 700 Heinz Ave, S. 100, Berkeley, CA 94710, USA; Sequoia Foundation, 2166 Avenida De La Playa, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gladys Block
- School of Public Health, 50 University Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - Nina Holland
- School of Public Health, 50 University Hall, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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18
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Repine JE, Wilson P, Elkins N, Klawitter J, Christians U, Peters B, Smith DM. Inhalation of two putative Gulf War toxins by mice. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2016; 51:366-373. [PMID: 26950528 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2016.1142318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We employed our inhalation methodology to examine whether biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress would be produced in mice following inhalation of aerosols containing carbonaceous particles or the vapor of pesticides prevalent during the first Gulf War. Exposure to two putative Gulf War Illness toxins, fine airborne particles and the pesticide malathion, increased biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in Friend virus B (FVB) female mice. Mice inhaling particles 24 h before had increased lung lavage and plasma Leukotriene B4 (LTB4) (a biomarker of inflammation) and PGF2α (a biomarker of oxidative stress) levels, lung lavage protein and lung lavage lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. These changes were a function of particle density and exposure time. Compared to particle inhalation, mice inhaling malathion 24 h before had small increase in plasma LTB4 and PGF2α levels but no increase in lung lavage LTB4, lung lavage protein, lung lavage LDH, and lung lavage alveolar macrophage (AM) levels compared to unexposed control mice. AM from particle-exposed mice contained phagocytosed particles, while AM from malathion-exposed mice showed no abnormalities. Our results indicate that inhaling particles or malathion can alter inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in mice and raise the possibility that these toxins may have altered inflammation and oxidative stress biomarkers in Gulf War-exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Repine
- a Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Paul Wilson
- a Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Nancy Elkins
- a Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Jelena Klawitter
- a Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Uwe Christians
- a Webb-Waring Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine , Aurora , Colorado , USA
| | - Ben Peters
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Denver , Denver , Colorado , USA
| | - Dwight M Smith
- b Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Denver , Denver , Colorado , USA
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19
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Bilodeau JF, Qin Wei S, Larose J, Greffard K, Moisan V, Audibert F, Fraser WD, Julien P. Plasma F2-isoprostane class VI isomers at 12-18 weeks of pregnancy are associated with later occurrence of preeclampsia. Free Radic Biol Med 2015; 85:282-7. [PMID: 25998422 PMCID: PMC4856520 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) has long been associated with early oxidative stress, although the symptoms occur later in pregnancy. We have hypothesized that the oxidative stress in PE, as characterized by the presence of F2-isoprostane (F2-isoP) isomers in late pregnancy, should already be present in plasma at the first regular visit of the obstetrical follow-up. There are 64 possible isomers of F2-isoPs derived from the oxidation of arachidonic acid (AA), but only one of these isomers has been investigated so far in PE, the classical 8-iso-PGF2α. Here, we have investigated two regioisomers of class III (8-iso-15(R)-PGF2α and 8-iso-PGF2α) and a mix of two isomers of class VI ((±)5-iPF2α-VI) in plasma samples collected prospectively at 12-18 weeks from normotensive controls (n = 60) and pregnant mothers who developed PE later in pregnancy (n = 33). The plasma samples were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis followed by liquid-liquid extraction to extract total F2-isoPs for later quantification by HPLC-MS/MS. The F2-isoPs were normalized to either plasma volume or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels measured by GC-FID in plasma phospholipids. Early in pregnancy, only the class VI F2-isoP isomers were found at concentrations significantly higher in women developing PE later in pregnancy (+13%; p = 0.0074). Normalization of F2-isoPs to their substrate, AA, or the omega-3 to omega-6 ratio improved the predictability of PE as determined by receiver operating characteristic (from area under the curve of 0.67 to 0.68 and 0.70 respectively). Interestingly, omega-3 fatty acids were 25% higher in the control group than in the PE group (P = 0.0225). Omega-6 PUFAs correlated with F2-Isop isomers only in cases of PE (r > 0.377; P >0.03, Spearman correlation). In sum, this study indicates that specific isomers of class VI are significant predictors of PE. This work also suggests that F2-isoP isomers are not all generated and eliminated to the same extent and are influenced by the PUFA composition of plasma phospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, local T3-67, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2; Département d׳Obstétrique, Gynécologie et Reproduction, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
| | - Shu Qin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRCHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Larose
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, local T3-67, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et en génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Vanessa Moisan
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, 2705, boulevard Laurier, local T3-67, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
| | - Francois Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRCHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CRCHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et en génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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20
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Analysis of urinary 8-isoprostane as an oxidative stress biomarker by stable isotope dilution using automated online in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 112:36-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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21
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Cháfer-Pericás C, Rahkonen L, Sánchez-Illana A, Kuligowski J, Torres-Cuevas I, Cernada M, Cubells E, Nuñez-Ramiro A, Andersson S, Vento M, Escobar J. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry determination of lipid peroxidation biomarkers in newborn serum samples. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 886:214-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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22
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Larose J, Julien P, Greffard K, Fraser WD, Audibert F, Wei SQ, Bilodeau JF. F2-isoprostanes are correlated with trans fatty acids in the plasma of pregnant women. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 91:243-9. [PMID: 25312493 PMCID: PMC4856523 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2014.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We hypothesized that the mild physiological oxidative stress present during pregnancy could increase both, plasma F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoPs) by lipid oxidation and trans fatty acids (TFA) through cis-trans isomerization respectively. Plasma samples collected at 12-18 weeks (MIROS cohort; n=65) and 38-41 weeks of pregnancy (CHUL cohort; n=21) were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis followed by liquid-liquid extraction in order to extract total F2-isoPs for quantification by HPLC-MS/MS. Several positive correlations were found between F2-isoPs and TFA, measured by GC-FID in plasma phospholipids, such as 6t-18:1, 9t-18:1 and 9t,12c-18:2 (r>0.306; p<0.045). Despite its low level, the 9t,12c-18:2 trans isomer, known to be associated to cardiovascular diseases, showed the most significant correlations with F2-isoPs. No correlation was observed between F2-isoPs and 9t-16:1 or 11t-18:1. In summary, this study suggests either a concomitant phenomenon or a competition between lipid peroxidation and cis-trans isomerisation of the cis precursor fatty acid in vivo during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Larose
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada; Département de Médecine, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Axe endocrinologie et néphrologie, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche en endocrinologie moléculaire et oncologique et génomique humaine (CREMOGH), Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Francois Audibert
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shu Qin Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Sainte-Justine and University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l׳enfant, CRCHU de Québec, Québec, Canada; Département d׳Obstétrique, Gynécologie et Reproduction, Faculté de médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
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In vitro/in vivo screening of oxidative homeostasis and damage to DNA, protein, and lipids using UPLC/MS-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2014; 406:5465-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Vigor C, Bertrand-Michel J, Pinot E, Oger C, Vercauteren J, Le Faouder P, Galano JM, Lee JCY, Durand T. Non-enzymatic lipid oxidation products in biological systems: assessment of the metabolites from polyunsaturated fatty acids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 964:65-78. [PMID: 24856297 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Metabolites of non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids notably omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids have become important biomarkers of lipid products. Especially the arachidonic acid-derived F2-isoprostanes are the classic in vivo biomarker for oxidative stress in biological systems. In recent years other isoprostanes from eicosapentaenoic, docosahexaenoic, adrenic and α-linolenic acids have been evaluated, namely F3-isoprostanes, F4-neuroprostanes, F2-dihomo-isoprostanes and F1-phytoprostanes, respectively. These have been gaining interest as complementary specific biomarkers in human diseases. Refined extraction methods, robust analysis and elucidation of chemical structures have improved the sensitivity of detection in biological tissues and fluids. Previously the main reliable instrumentation for measurement was gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), but now the use of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and immunological techniques is gaining much attention. In this review, the types of prostanoids generated from non-enzymatic lipid peroxidation of some important omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids and biological samples that have been determined by GC-MS and LC-MS/MS are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - Justine Bertrand-Michel
- Plateau de lipidomique, Bio-Medical Federative Research Institute of Toulouse, INSERM, Plateforme MetaToul, Toulouse, France
| | - Edith Pinot
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - Joseph Vercauteren
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - Pauline Le Faouder
- Plateau de lipidomique, Bio-Medical Federative Research Institute of Toulouse, INSERM, Plateforme MetaToul, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France
| | - Jetty Chung-Yung Lee
- The University of Hong Kong, School of Biological Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS/Université Montpellier 1/Université Montpellier 2, France.
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Paulsen G, Cumming KT, Holden G, Hallén J, Rønnestad BR, Sveen O, Skaug A, Paur I, Bastani NE, Østgaard HN, Buer C, Midttun M, Freuchen F, Wiig H, Ulseth ET, Garthe I, Blomhoff R, Benestad HB, Raastad T. Vitamin C and E supplementation hampers cellular adaptation to endurance training in humans: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. J Physiol 2014; 592:1887-901. [PMID: 24492839 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.267419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this double-blind, randomised, controlled trial, we investigated the effects of vitamin C and E supplementation on endurance training adaptations in humans. Fifty-four young men and women were randomly allocated to receive either 1000 mg of vitamin C and 235 mg of vitamin E or a placebo daily for 11 weeks. During supplementation, the participants completed an endurance training programme consisting of three to four sessions per week (primarily of running), divided into high-intensity interval sessions [4-6 × 4-6 min; >90% of maximal heart rate (HRmax)] and steady state continuous sessions (30-60 min; 70-90% of HRmax). Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max ), submaximal running and a 20 m shuttle run test were assessed and blood samples and muscle biopsies were collected, before and after the intervention. Participants in the vitamin C and E group increased their VO2 max (mean ± s.d.: 8 ± 5%) and performance in the 20 m shuttle test (10 ± 11%) to the same degree as those in the placebo group (mean ± s.d.: 8 ± 5% and 14 ± 17%, respectively). However, the mitochondrial marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV (COX4) and cytosolic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) increased in the m. vastus lateralis in the placebo group by 59 ± 97% and 19 ± 51%, respectively, but not in the vitamin C and E group (COX4: -13 ± 54%; PGC-1α: -13 ± 29%; P ≤ 0.03, between groups). Furthermore, mRNA levels of CDC42 and mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) in the trained muscle were lower in the vitamin C and E group than in the placebo group (P ≤ 0.05). Daily vitamin C and E supplementation attenuated increases in markers of mitochondrial biogenesis following endurance training. However, no clear interactions were detected for improvements in VO2 max and running performance. Consequently, vitamin C and E supplementation hampered cellular adaptations in the exercised muscles, and although this did not translate to the performance tests applied in this study, we advocate caution when considering antioxidant supplementation combined with endurance exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gøran Paulsen
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, PB 4014 Ullevål Stadion, 0806 Oslo, Norway.
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A computational drug metabolite detection using the stable isotopic mass-shift filtering with high resolution mass spectrometry in pioglitazone and flurbiprofen. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:19716-30. [PMID: 24084721 PMCID: PMC3821582 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141019716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of metabolites in drug discovery is important. At present, radioisotopes and mass spectrometry are both widely used. However, rapid and comprehensive identification is still laborious and difficult. In this study, we developed new analytical software and employed a stable isotope as a tool to identify drug metabolites using mass spectrometry. A deuterium-labeled compound and non-labeled compound were both metabolized in human liver microsomes and analyzed by liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS). We computationally aligned two different MS data sets and filtered ions having a specific mass-shift equal to masses of labeled isotopes between those data using our own software. For pioglitazone and flurbiprofen, eight and four metabolites, respectively, were identified with calculations of mass and formulas and chemical structural fragmentation analysis. With high resolution MS, the approach became more accurate. The approach detected two unexpected metabolites in pioglitazone, i.e., the hydroxypropanamide form and the aldehyde hydrolysis form, which other approaches such as metabolite-biotransformation list matching and mass defect filtering could not detect. We demonstrated that the approach using computational alignment and stable isotopic mass-shift filtering has the ability to identify drug metabolites and is useful in drug discovery.
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Abstract
Lipid mediators are produced from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids through enzymatic and free radical-mediated reactions. When subject to oxygenation via cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, polyunsaturated fatty acids give rise to an array of metabolites including eicosanoids, docosanoids, and octadecanoids. These potent bioactive lipids are involved in many biochemical and signaling pathways, with inflammation being of particular importance. Moreover, because they are produced by more than one pathway and substrate, and are present in a variety of biological milieus, their analysis is not always possible with conventional assays. Liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry offers a versatile and sensitive approach for the analysis of bioactive lipids, allowing specific and accurate quantitation of multiple species present in the same sample. Here we explain the principles of this approach to mediator lipidomics and present detailed protocols for the assay of enzymatically produced oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be tailored to answer biological questions or facilitate assessment of nutritional and pharmacological interventions.
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28
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Larose J, Julien P, Bilodeau JF. Analysis of F2-isoprostanes in plasma of pregnant women by HPLC-MS/MS using a column packed with core-shell particles. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:1505-11. [PMID: 23431046 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d034553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma F2-isoprostanes (F2-isoPs) are reliable biomarkers of oxidative stress. Several possible F2-isoPs are generated by the oxidation of arachidonic acid esterified in phospholipids. The separation of these isomers represents a technical challenge for rapid and selective determination. We have developed a HPLC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of seven plasma F2-isoPs, namely 8-iso-15(R)-prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), 8-iso-PGF2α, 15(R)-PGF2α, iPF2α-IV, iPF2α-VI, 5-iPF2α-VI, and (±)5-8,12-iso-iPF2α-VI. We have validated this method in plasma of pregnant women, a mild physiological oxidative stress known to increase F2-isoPs. Thus, plasma samples of women collected at the third trimester of pregnancy (n = 20) were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis followed by liquid-liquid extraction in order to extract total F2-isoPs. The F2-isoPs were separated within 16.5 min using a column packed with core-shell particles. The class VI isomers were the most abundant, accounting for 65% of the total level of all quantified F2-isoPs in plasma of pregnant women (P < 0.05). The 15(R)-PGF2α was the most abundant of the class III isomers quantified. This method allowed fast and selective separation of seven isomers from three different classes of F2-isoP regioisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Larose
- Axe reproduction, santé de la mère et de l'enfant, et Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction (CRBR), and Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec, Québec, Canada
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29
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Reduced Antioxidant Defense and Increased Oxidative Stress in Spinal Cord Injured Patients. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2012; 93:2223-8.e2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Substitution of TAG oil with diacylglycerol oil in food items improves the predicted 10 years cardiovascular risk score in healthy, overweight subjects. J Nutr Sci 2012; 1:e17. [PMID: 25191546 PMCID: PMC4153080 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2012.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Revised: 08/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fat is normally in TAG form, but diacylglycerol (DAG) is a natural component of
edible oils. Studies have shown that consumption of DAG results in metabolic
characteristics that are distinct from those of TAG, which may be beneficial in preventing
and managing obesity. The objective of the present study was to investigate if food items
in which part of the TAG oil is replaced with DAG oil combined with high α-linolenic acid
(ALA) content would influence metabolic markers. A 12-week double-blinded randomised
controlled parallel-design study was conducted. The participants (n 23)
were healthy, overweight men and women, aged 37–67 years, BMI 27–35 kg/m2, with
waist circumference >94 cm (men) and >88 cm (women). The two groups received
20 g margarine, 11 g mayonnaise and 12 g oil per d, containing either high ALA and
sn-1,3-DAG or high ALA and TAG. Substitution of TAG oil with DAG oil in
food items for 12 weeks led to an improvement of the predicted 10 years cardiovascular
risk score in overweight subjects by non-significantly improving markers of health such as
total body fat percentage, trunk fat mass, alanine aminotransferase, systolic blood
pressure, γ-glutamyl transferase, alkaline phosphatase and total fat-free mass. This may
suggest that replacing TAG oil with DAG oil in healthy, overweight individuals may have
beneficial metabolic effects.
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Key Words
- ALA, α-linolenic acid
- ALAT, alanine aminotransferase
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase
- ASAT, aspartame aminotransferase
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- DAG, diacylglycerol
- Diacylglycerol
- FFM, fat-free mass
- HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance
- Liver markers
- Overweight human subjects
- TAG
- hsCRP, high-sensitivity CRP
- γ-GT, γ-glutamyl transferase
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Gupta SK, Shen C, Moe SM, Kamendulis LM, Goldman M, Dubé MP. Worsening endothelial function with efavirenz compared to protease inhibitors: a 12-month prospective study. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45716. [PMID: 23029197 PMCID: PMC3447812 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 08/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Changes in endothelial function, measured as flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery, has not been systematically assessed beyond 6 months of initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) when drug-related effects might offset initial improvements with virologic control. DESIGN We assessed 6 and 12 month changes in FMD [presented as median (quartile 1, quartile 3)] and circulating HIV and cardiovascular biomarkers in 23 subjects initiating ART. RESULTS There were no significant changes in FMD at 6 or 12 months overall despite significant increases in CD4 cell count and HDL-C and reductions in HIV RNA level, MCP-1, IP-10, sVCAM-1, sTNFR2, and sCD14. However, there were significant differences (P = 0.04) in the changes in FMD between those receiving efavirenz [N = 12; -3.50% (-4.90%, 0.68%)] vs. protease inhibitors at 12 months [N = 11; 1.50% (-0.86%, 4.56%)]. The differences in changes in FMD between those receiving and not receiving emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz were more pronounced and were significantly different at both 6 and 12 months (P<0.02 for both). Additional studies showed no significant differences in changes in 25-(OH)-vitamin D, PTH, FGF-23, of F2-isoprostane levels between efavirenz and PI use or between those receiving and not receiving emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz. CONCLUSION Efavirenz use was associated with reduced FMD at 12 months compared to PI-based regimens while emtricitabine/tenofovir/efavirenz was associated with reduced FMD at both 6 and 12 months compared to those not receiving this combination. Long-term effects of antiretrovirals on endothelial function may play an important role in the risk of cardiovascular disease in HIV-infected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir K Gupta
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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32
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Bastani NE, Gundersen TE, Blomhoff R. Dried blood spot (DBS) sample collection for determination of the oxidative stress biomarker 8-epi-PGF(2α) in humans using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2012; 26:645-652. [PMID: 22328218 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE F2-isoprostanes are a series of prostaglandin F2-like compounds that are formed by free-radical-catalyzed peroxidation of arachidonic acid (ARA). Several F2-isoprostanes, but in particular 8-epi-PGF(2α), are widely used as oxidative stress biomarkers. In this study we have developed an analytical tool for finger-tip blood sampling and analysis of 8-epi-PGF(2α) from dried blood spots (DBS). METHODS We have applied solid-phase extraction (SPE) and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) for the extraction, separation and detection of 8-epi-PGF(2α) in DBS and have studied the stability of this marker using the DBS collection platform. RESULTS The mass limit of detection (mLOD) for 8-epi-PGF(2α) extracted from DBS samples was 1.5 pg while the concentration limit of detection (cLOD) and concentration limit of quantitation (cLOQ) were 6 pg/mL and 18 pg/mL, respectively. All values based on triplicate analysis. Sufficient stability of 8-epi-PGF(2α) in DBS was achieved by preconditioning DBS paper with vitamin E and BHT. CONCLUSIONS The developed method is sensitive, specific, robust, efficient, and can accurately measure endogenous concentrations of 8-epi-PGF(2α) in DBS. Thus, it offers an analytical approach to measure 8-epi-PGF(2α) by a novel sample collection technique that is less invasive and costly than conventional techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser E Bastani
- Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, N-0316, Oslo, Norway.
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Oxidised fish oil does not influence established markers of oxidative stress in healthy human subjects: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2011; 108:315-26. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511005484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Intake of fish oil reduces the risk of CHD and CHD deaths. Marine n-3 fatty acids (FA) are susceptible to oxidation, but to our knowledge, the health effects of intake of oxidised fish oil have not previously been investigated in human subjects. The aim of the present study was to investigate markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and inflammation, and the level of plasma n-3 FA after intake of oxidised fish oil. In a double-blinded randomised controlled study, healthy subjects (aged 18–50 years, n 54) were assigned into one of three groups receiving capsules containing either 8 g/d of fish oil (1·6 g/d EPA+DHA; n 17), 8 g/d of oxidised fish oil (1·6 g/d EPA+DHA; n 18) or 8 g/d of high-oleic sunflower oil (n 19). Fasting blood and morning spot urine samples were collected at weeks 0, 3 and 7. No significant changes between the different groups were observed with regard to urinary 8-iso-PGF2α; plasma levels of 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and α-tocopherol; serum high sensitive C-reactive protein; or activity of antioxidant enzymes in erythrocytes. A significant increase in plasma level of EPA+DHA was observed in both fish oil groups, but no significant difference was observed between the fish oil groups. No changes in a variety of in vivo markers of oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation or inflammation were observed after daily intake of oxidised fish oil for 3 or 7 weeks, indicating that intake of oxidised fish oil may not have unfavourable short-term effects in healthy human subjects.
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34
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Nikolaidis MG, Kyparos A, Vrabas IS. F2-isoprostane formation, measurement and interpretation: The role of exercise. Prog Lipid Res 2011; 50:89-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2010.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2010] [Accepted: 10/02/2010] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Dahl JH, van Breemen RB. Rapid quantitative analysis of 8-iso-prostaglandin-F(2alpha) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and comparison with an enzyme immunoassay method. Anal Biochem 2010; 404:211-6. [PMID: 20507827 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2010.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2010] [Revised: 05/07/2010] [Accepted: 05/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A rapid liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) assay was developed for the measurement of urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) (8-iso-PGF(2alpha)), a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. Because urine contains numerous F(2) prostaglandin isomers, each with identical mass and similar mass spectrometric fragmentation patterns, chromatographic separation of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) from its isomers is necessary for its quantitative analysis using MS/MS. We were able to achieve this separation using an isocratic LC method with a run time of less than 9min, which is at least threefold faster than previous methods, while maintaining sensitivity, accuracy, precision, and reliability. The limits of detection and quantitation were 53 and 178pg/ml urine, respectively. We compared our method with a commercially available affinity purification and enzyme immunoassay kit and found both assays to be in agreement. Despite the high sensitivity of the enzyme immunoassay method, it is more expensive and has a narrower dynamic range than LC-MS/MS. Our method was optimized for rapid measurement of 8-iso-PGF(2alpha) in urine, and it is ideally suited for clinical sample analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Dahl
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois College of Pharmacy, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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36
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Sakhi AK, Russnes KM, Thoresen M, Bastani NE, Karlsen A, Smeland S, Blomhoff R. Pre-radiotherapy plasma carotenoids and markers of oxidative stress are associated with survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma patients: a prospective study. BMC Cancer 2009; 9:458. [PMID: 20025747 PMCID: PMC2813240 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-9-458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to compare plasma levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress biomarkers in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients with healthy controls. Furthermore, the effect of radiotherapy on these biomarkers and their association with survival in HNSCC patients were investigated. Methods Seventy-eight HNSCC patients and 100 healthy controls were included in this study. Follow-up samples at the end of radiotherapy were obtained in 60 patients. Fifteen antioxidant biomarkers (6 carotenoids, 4 tocopherols, ascorbic acid, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione redox potential, total glutathione and total cysteine) and four oxidative stress biomarkers (total hydroperoxides, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, 8-isoprostagladin F2α and ratio of oxidized/total ascorbic acid) were measured in plasma samples. Analysis of Covariance was used to compare biomarkers between patients and healthy controls. Kaplan-Meier plots and Cox' proportional hazards models were used to study survival among patients. Results Dietary antioxidants (carotenoids, tocopherols and ascorbic acid), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and modified FRAP were lower in HNSCC patients compared to controls and dietary antioxidants decreased during radiotherapy. Total hydroperoxides (d-ROMs), a marker for oxidative stress, were higher in HNSCC patients compared to controls and increased during radiotherapy. Among the biomarkers analyzed, high levels of plasma carotenoids before radiotherapy are associated with a prolonged progression-free survival (hazard rate ratio: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.20-0.91, p = 0.03). Additionally, high relative increase in plasma levels of d-ROMs (hazard rate ratio: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.13-0.76, p = 0.01) and high relative decrease in FRAP (hazard rate ratio: 0.42, 95% CI: 0.17-0.998, p = 0.05) during radiotherapy are also positively associated with survival. Conclusions Biomarkers of antioxidants and oxidative stress are unfavourable in HNSCC patients compared to healthy controls, and radiotherapy affects many of these biomarkers. Increasing levels of antioxidant biomarkers before radiotherapy and increasing oxidative stress during radiotherapy may improve survival indicating that different factors/mechanisms may be important for survival before and during radiotherapy in HNSCC patients. Thus, the therapeutic potential of optimizing antioxidant status and oxidative stress should be explored further in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrit K Sakhi
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
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