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Gao Y, Wang X, Fan C. Advances in graphene-based 2D materials for tendon, nerve, bone/cartilage regeneration and biomedicine. iScience 2024; 27:110214. [PMID: 39040049 PMCID: PMC11261022 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials, especially graphene-based materials, have important implications for tissue regeneration and biomedicine due to their large surface area, transport properties, ease of functionalization, biocompatibility, and adsorption capacity. Despite remarkable progress in the field of tissue regeneration and biomedicine, there are still problems such as unclear long-term stability, lack of in vivo experimental data, and detection accuracy. This paper reviews recent applications of graphene-based materials in tissue regeneration and biomedicine and discusses current issues and prospects for the development of graphene-based materials with respect to promoting the regeneration of tendons, neuronal cells, bone, chondrocytes, blood vessels, and skin, as well as applications in sensing, detection, anti-microbial activity, and targeted drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Orthopaedics, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Orthopaedics, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Orthopaedic Material Innovation and Tissue Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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2
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Singh R, Rawat H, Kumar A, Gandhi Y, Kumar V, Mishra SK, Narasimhaji CV. Graphene and its hybrid nanocomposite: A Metamorphoses elevation in the field of tissue engineering. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33542. [PMID: 39040352 PMCID: PMC11261797 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this discourse, we delve into the manifold applications of graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) in the realm of biomedicine. Graphene, characterized by its two-dimensional planar structure, superconductivity, mechanical robustness, chemical inertness, extensive surface area, and propitious biocompatibility, stands as an exemplary candidate for diverse biomedical utility. Graphene include various distinctive characteristics of its two-dimensional planar structure, enormous surface area, mechanical and chemical stability, high conductivity, and exceptional biocompatibility. We investigate graphene and its diverse derivatives, which include reduced graphene oxides (rGOs), graphene oxides (GOs), and graphene composites, with a focus on elucidating the unique attributes relevant to their biomedical utility. In this review article it highlighted the unique properties of graphene, synthesis methods of graphene and functionalization methods of graphene. In the quest for novel materials to advance regenerative medicine, researchers have increasingly turned their attention to graphene-based materials, which have emerged as a prominent innovation in recent years. Notably, it highlights their applications in the regeneration of various tissues, including nerves, skeletal muscle, bones, skin, cardiac tissue, cartilage, and adipose tissue, as well as their influence on induced pluripotent stem cells, marking significant breakthroughs in the field of regenerative medicine. Additionally, this review article explores future prospects in this evolving area of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India
| | - Hemant Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- Department of Heterogeneous Catalysis, Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470, Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Yashika Gandhi
- Department of Chemistry, Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India
| | - Sujeet K. Mishra
- Department of Chemistry, Central Ayurveda Research Institute Jhansi, U.P, 284003, India
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3
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Avinashi SK, Shweta, Bohra B, Mishra RK, Kumari S, Fatima Z, Hussain A, Saxena B, Kumar S, Banerjee M, Gautam CR. Fabrication of Novel 3-D Nanocomposites of HAp-TiC-h-BN-ZrO 2: Enhanced Mechanical Performances and In Vivo Toxicity Study for Biomedical Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2116-2132. [PMID: 38498674 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Due to excellent biocompatibility, bioactivities, and osteoconductivity, hydroxyapatite (HAp) is considered as one of the most suitable biomaterials for numerous biomedical applications. Herein, HAp was fabricated using a bottom-up approach, i.e., a wet chemical method, and its composites with TiC, h-BN, and ZrO2 were fabricated by a solid-state reaction method with enhanced mechanical and biological performances. Structural, surface morphology, and mechanical behavior of the fabricated composites were characterized using various characterization techniques. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy study revealed a randomly oriented rod-like morphology, with the length and width of these nanorods ranging from 78 to 122 and from 9 to 13 nm. Moreover, the mechanical characterizations of the composite HZBT4 (80HAp-10TiC-5h-BN-5ZrO2) reveal a very high compressive strength (246 MPa), which is comparable to that of the steel (250 MPa), fracture toughness (14.78 MPa m1/2), and Young's modulus (1.02 GPa). In order to check the biocompatibility of the composites, numerous biological tests were also performed on different body organs of healthy adult Sprague-Dawley rats. This study suggests that the composite HZBT4 could not reveal any significant influence on the hematological, serum biochemical, and histopathological parameters. Hence, the fabricated composite can be used for several biological applications, such as bone implants, bone grafting, and bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarvesh Kumar Avinashi
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Shweta
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Bhavna Bohra
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Rajat Kumar Mishra
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Savita Kumari
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Zaireen Fatima
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
- Department of Physics, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Ajaz Hussain
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Bhagawati Saxena
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, S.G. Highway, Ahmedabad 382481, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Monisha Banerjee
- Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
| | - Chandki Ram Gautam
- Advanced Glass and Glass Ceramics Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India
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4
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Sindi AM. Applications of graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in advanced dental materials and therapies. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2024; 19:403-421. [PMID: 38405382 PMCID: PMC10885788 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The graphene family of nanomaterials acquired significant attention in the field of dentistry due to a range of interesting properties. Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) are the major graphene derivatives that are widely used in dental applications. These derivatives exhibit excellent mechanical properties, superior biocompatibility, good antibacterial properties, extreme chemical stability, and favorable tribological characteristics, thus representing highly materials for dentistry. The amphiphilic nature of GO allows covalent and noncovalent modifications that are favorable for biomedical applications. Graphene can influence the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and enhance the properties of other biomaterials. Here, we review the dental applications of GO or rGO with regards to antimicrobial activity, therapeutic drug delivery, restorative dentistry, implants, pulp regeneration, bone regeneration, periodontal tissue regeneration, biosensors, and tooth whitening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M. Sindi
- Associate Professor, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
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5
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Guo J, Cao G, Wei S, Han Y, Xu P. Progress in the application of graphene and its derivatives to osteogenesis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21872. [PMID: 38034743 PMCID: PMC10682167 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
As bone and joint injuries from various causes become increasingly prominent, how to effectively reconstruct and repair bone defects presents a difficult problem for clinicians and researchers. In recent years, graphene and its derivatives have been the subject of growing body of research and have been found to promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. This provides a new idea for solving the clinical problem of bone defects. However, as as numerous articles address various aspects and have not been fully systematized, there is an urgent need to classify and summarize them. In this paper, for the first time, the effects of graphene and its derivatives on stem cells in solution, in 2D and 3D structures and in vivo and their possible mechanisms are reviewed, and the cytotoxic effects of graphene and its derivatives were summarized and analyzed. The toxicity of graphene and its derivatives is further reviewed. In addition, we suggest possible future development directions of graphene and its derivatives in bone tissue engineering applications to provide a reference for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbin Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guihua Cao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Song Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yisheng Han
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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6
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Shankar K, Agarwal S, Mishra S, Bhatnagar P, Siddiqui S, Abrar I. A review on antimicrobial mechanism and applications of graphene-based materials. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 150:213440. [PMID: 37119697 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, graphene and its derivatives, owing to their phenomenal surface, and mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties, have emerged as advantageous materials, especially in terms of their potential for antimicrobial applications. Particularly important among graphene's derivatives is graphene oxide (GO) due to the ease with which its surface can be modified, as well as the oxidative and membrane stress that it exerts on microbes. This review encapsulates all aspects regarding the functionalization of graphene-based materials (GBMs) into composites that are highly potent against bacterial, viral, and fungal activities. Governing factors, such as lateral size (LS), number of graphene layers, solvent and GBMs' concentration, microbial shape and size, aggregation ability of GBMs, and especially the mechanisms of interaction between composites and microbes are discussed in detail. The current and potential applications of these antimicrobial materials, especially in dentistry, osseointegration, and food packaging, have been described. This knowledge can further drive research that aims to look for the most suitable components for antimicrobial composites. The need for antimicrobial materials has seldom been more felt than during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has also been highlighted here. Possible future research areas include the exploration of GBMs' ability against algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Shankar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Satakshi Agarwal
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Subham Mishra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Pranshul Bhatnagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Sufiyan Siddiqui
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India
| | - Iyman Abrar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani - Hyderabad Campus, Shameerpet, Hyderabad, Telangana 500078, India.
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7
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Priya PS, Vaishnavi S, Pavithra V, Pachaiappan R, Barathkumar S, O.Almutairi B, Arokiyaraj S, Arockiaraj J. Graphene oxide decorated daidzein as an oral drug to ameliorate the oxidative stress and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in vivo zebrafish model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
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8
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Karballaei Mirzahosseini H, Sheikhi M, Najmeddin F, Shirangi M, Mojtahedzadeh M. 3D self-assembled nanocarriers for drug delivery. Drug Metab Rev 2023; 55:140-162. [PMID: 36772815 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
There are many benefits to drug delivery from drug-carrier nanostructure systems. It might be developed to carefully control drug release rates or to deliver a precise amount of a therapeutic substance to particular body areas. Self-assembling is the process by which molecules and nanoparticles spontaneously organize into organized clusters. For instance, proteins and peptides can interact with one another to create highly organized supramolecular structures with various properties, such as helical ribbons and fibrous scaffolds. Another advantage of self-assembly is that it may be effective with a variety of materials, including metals, oxides, inorganic salts, polymers, semiconductors, and even organic semiconductors. Fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), three of the most fundamental classes of three-dimensionally self-assembling nanostructured carbon-based materials, are essential for the development of modern nanotechnologies. Self-assembled nanomaterials are used in a variety of fields, including nanotechnology, imaging, and biosensors. This review study begins with a summary of various major 3D nanomaterials, including graphene oxide, CNTs, and nanodiamond, as well as 3D self-assembled polyfunctionalized nanostructures and adaptable nanocarriers for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mojgan Sheikhi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Najmeddin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrnoosh Shirangi
- Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Huang S, Zhong Y, Fu Y, Zheng X, Feng Z, Mo A. Graphene and its derivatives: "one stone, three birds" strategy for orthopedic implant-associated infections. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:380-399. [PMID: 36453143 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01507b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Orthopedic implants provide an avascular surface for microbial attachment and biofilm formation, impeding the entry of immune cells and the diffusion of antibiotics. The above is an important cause of dental and orthopedic implant-associated infection (IAI). For the prevention and treatment of IAI, the drawbacks of antibiotic resistance and surgical treatment are increasingly apparent. Due to their outstanding biological properties such as biocompatibility, immunomodulatory effects, and antibacterial properties, graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) have been applied to bone tissue engineering to deal with IAI, and in particular have great potential application in drug/gene carriers, multi-functional platforms, and coating forms. Here we review the latest research progress and achievements in GBNs for the prevention and treatment of IAI, mainly including their biomedical applications for antibacterial and immunomodulation effects, and for inducing osteogenesis. Furthermore, the biosafety of graphene family materials in bone tissue regeneration and the feasibility of clinical application are critically analyzed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yongjin Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiaofei Zheng
- Stomatology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zeru Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Anchun Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. .,Department of Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Baheti W, Lv S, Mila, Ma L, Amantai D, Sun H, He H. Graphene/hydroxyapatite coating deposit on titanium alloys for implant application. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2023; 21:22808000221148104. [PMID: 36633270 DOI: 10.1177/22808000221148104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium (Ti) implants are widely used in medicine. Meanwhile, surface modification of Ti can strengthen the osseointegration of implants. In this study, we modified Ti implant surfaces, which was coated with GO, HA, HA-2wt%GO and HA-5wt%GO via electrophoresis deposition, to investigate their mechanisms and biological activity. Uncoated Ti was used as the control. Further, we examined the biological behavior and osteogenic performance of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured on coatings in vitro. We found that the HA-GO nanocomposite coating improved the roughness and hydrophilicity of the Ti surface. Compared with the uncoated Ti or Ti modified by HA or GO alone, cell adhesion and diffusion were enhanced on HA-GO-modified Ti surfaces. In addition, the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro were significantly improved on HA-GO-modified surfaces, whereas osteogenesis-related gene expression and alkaline phosphatase activity were slightly enhanced. Furthermore, we noted that bone regeneration was improved in the HA-2wt%GO group in vivo. Thus, the HA-2wt%GO nanocomposite coating might have potential applications in the field of dental implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wufanbieke Baheti
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - ShangYi Lv
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Mila
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Lisha Ma
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Dumanbieke Amantai
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Hao Sun
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - HuiYu He
- Department of Prosthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China.,Stomatological Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, P.R. China
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11
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Khan PA, Thoutam AK, Gopal V, Gurumallesh A, Joshi S, Palaniappan A, Markocsan N, Manivasagam G. Influence of Graphene Nanoplatelets on the Performance of Axial Suspension Plasma-Sprayed Hydroxyapatite Coatings. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 10:bioengineering10010044. [PMID: 36671618 PMCID: PMC9854845 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Axial suspension plasma spraying (ASPS) is an alternative technique to atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), which uses a suspension of much finer powders (<5-micron particle size) as the feedstock. It can produce more refined microstructures than APS for biomedical implants. This paper highlights the influence of incorporated graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) on the behavior of ASPS hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings. The characterization of the ASPS coatings (HAp + varying GNP contents) was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), confocal Raman microscopy (CRM), white light interferometry (WLI), and contact angle measurements. The evaluation of the mechanical properties such as the hardness, roughness, adhesion strength, and porosity was carried out, along with a fretting wear performance. Additionally, the biocompatibility of the Hap + GNP coatings was evaluated using cytotoxicity testing which revealed a decrease in the cell viability from 92.7% to 85.4%, with an increase in the GNP wt.%. The visualization of the cell’s components was carried out using SEM and Laser Scanning Microscopy. Furthermore, the changes in the genetic expression of the various cellular markers were assessed to analyze the epigenetic changes in human mesenchymal stem cells. The gene expression changes suggested that GNPs upregulated the proliferation marker and downregulated the pluripotent markers by a minimum of three folds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pearlin Amaan Khan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Aravind Kumar Thoutam
- Division of Subtractive and Additive Manufacturing, University West, 461 86 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Vasanth Gopal
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
- School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Aswin Gurumallesh
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
- School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Shrikant Joshi
- Division of Subtractive and Additive Manufacturing, University West, 461 86 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Arunkumar Palaniappan
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
| | - Nicolaie Markocsan
- Division of Subtractive and Additive Manufacturing, University West, 461 86 Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Geetha Manivasagam
- Centre for Biomaterials, Cellular & Molecular Theranostics (CBCMT), Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-416-220-295 (ext. 2296)
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12
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Chen Y, Li X. The utilization of carbon-based nanomaterials in bone tissue regeneration and engineering: Respective featured applications and future prospects. MEDICINE IN NOVEL TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2022.100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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13
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Zhang S, Tan E, Wang R, Gao P, Wang H, Cheng Y. Robust Reversible Cross-Linking Strategy for Intracellular Protein Delivery with Excellent Serum Tolerance. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8233-8240. [PMID: 36173109 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular protein delivery has attracted increasing attentions in biomedical applications. However, current delivery systems usually have poor serum stability due to the competitive binding of serum proteins to the polymers during delivery. Here, we report a reversible cross-linking strategy to improve the serum stability of polymers for robust intracellular protein delivery. In the proposed delivery system, nanoparticles are assembled by cargo proteins and cationic polymers and further stabilized by a glutathione-cleavable and traceless cross-linker. The cross-linked nanoparticles show high stability and efficient cell internalization in serum containing medium and can release the cargo proteins in response to intracellular glutathione and acidic pH in a traceless manner. The generality and versatility of the proposed strategy were demonstrated on different types of cationic polymers, cargo proteins, as well as cell lines. The study provides a facile and efficient method for improving the serum tolerance of cationic polymers in intracellular protein delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Echuan Tan
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ruijue Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Peng Gao
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Hui Wang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional and Intelligent Hybrid Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, P.R. China
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14
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Nizami MZI, Yin IX, Lung CYK, Niu JY, Mei ML, Chu CH. In Vitro Studies of Graphene for Management of Dental Caries and Periodontal Disease: A Concise Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14101997. [PMID: 36297434 PMCID: PMC9611330 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene is a single-layer two-dimensional carbon-based nanomaterial. It presents as a thin and strong material that has attracted many researchers’ attention. This study provides a concise review of the potential application of graphene materials in caries and periodontal disease management. Pristine or functionalized graphene and its derivatives exhibit favorable physicochemical, mechanical, and morphological properties applicable to biomedical applications. They can be activated and functionalized with metal and metal nanoparticles, polymers, and other small molecules to exhibit multi-differentiation activities, antimicrobial activities, and biocompatibility. They were investigated in preventive dentistry and regenerative dentistry. Graphene materials such as graphene oxide inhibit cariogenic microbes such as Streptococcus mutans. They also inhibit periodontal pathogens that are responsible for periodontitis and root canal infection. Graphene-fluorine promotes enamel and dentin mineralization. These materials were also broadly studied in regenerative dental research, such as dental hard and soft tissue regeneration, as well as periodontal tissue and bone regeneration. Graphene oxide-based materials, such as graphene oxide-fibroin, were reported as promising in tissue engineering for their biocompatibility, bioactivity, and ability to enhance cell proliferation properties in periodontal ligament stem cells. Laboratory research showed that graphene can be used exclusively or by incorporating it into existing dental materials. The success of laboratory studies can translate the application of graphene into clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Iris Xiaoxue Yin
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | | | - John Yun Niu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - May Lei Mei
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Chun Hung Chu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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kumari S, Divakar S, Srivastava P, Singh BN, Mishra A. Generation of Graphene oxide and nano-bioglass based scaffold for Bone tissue regeneration. Biomed Mater 2022; 17. [DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/ac92b4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Nanocomposite biocompatible graphene oxide-based scaffolds Ch-G-NBG-go were successfully fabricated by lyophilization technique. The fabricated nano-biocomposite scaffolds were crosslinked with EDC-NHS to achieve water- stabilized structure. Then, these scaffolds were tested through X-Ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, High-Resolution Scanning Electron microscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis and Differential Scanning Colorimetry to analyze their physicochemical properties. The average pore size for Ch-G-NBG-go scaffolds with different concentrations was observed in the range of 120-160μm. After GO incorporation, the reduced weight loss was observed in thermogravimetric analysis, revealing its effect over developed scaffolds. In the Lysozyme -PBS solution, the GO-based scaffolds were found firmly stable at room temperature even after a long duration of 28 days also. However, the degradation rate increased after the 21st day highly in the 90% go based scaffold, yet the water retention capacity improved after GO addition in the Ch-G-NBG scaffolds. The scaffold’s potential for bone tissue engineering was evaluated by MG-63 cell culture. It revealed suitable cell attachment and proliferation of cells compared to the Ch-G-NBG scaffold. ALP activity suggested improved osteogenic differentiation of MG-63 cells over GO scaffolds. Based on these results, the nano-biocomposite scaffold appears to have the potential for utilization in bone tissue restoration, replacement and regeneration.
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16
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Simonovic J, Toljic B, Lazarevic M, Markovic MM, Peric M, Vujin J, Panajotovic R, Milasin J. The Effect of Liquid-Phase Exfoliated Graphene Film on Neurodifferentiation of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12183116. [PMID: 36144905 PMCID: PMC9502655 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental stem cells, which originate from the neural crest, due to their easy accessibility might be good candidates in neuro-regenerative procedures, along with graphene-based nanomaterials shown to promote neurogenesis in vitro. We aimed to explore the potential of liquid-phase exfoliated graphene (LPEG) film to stimulate the neuro-differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP). METHODS The experimental procedure was structured as follows: (1) fabrication of graphene film; (2) isolation, cultivation and SCAP stemness characterization by flowcytometry, multilineage differentiation (osteo, chondro and adipo) and quantitative PCR (qPCR); (3) SCAP neuro-induction by cultivation on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) coated with graphene film; (4) evaluation of neural differentiation by means of several microscopy techniques (light, confocal, atomic force and scanning electron microscopy), followed by neural marker gene expression analysis using qPCR. RESULTS SCAP demonstrated exceptional stemness, as judged by mesenchymal markers' expression (CD73, CD90 and CD105), and by multilineage differentiation capacity (osteo, chondro and adipo-differentiation). Neuro-induction of SCAP grown on PET coated with graphene film resulted in neuron-like cellular phenotype observed under different microscopes. This was corroborated by the high gene expression of all examined key neuronal markers (Ngn2, NF-M, Nestin, MAP2, MASH1). CONCLUSIONS The ability of SCAPs to differentiate toward neural lineages was markedly enhanced by graphene film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Simonovic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bosko Toljic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milos Lazarevic
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Mina Peric
- Center for Laser Microscopy, Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jasna Vujin
- Graphene Laboratory, Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Radmila Panajotovic
- Graphene Laboratory, Center for Solid State Physics and New Materials, Institute of Physics, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Milasin
- School of Dental Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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17
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Luo J, Yang L, Chueng STD, Conley B, Rathnam C, Lee KB. Advanced Drug Delivery Modulation via Hybrid Nanofibers Enhances Stem Cell Differentiation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:34488-34501. [PMID: 35862271 PMCID: PMC9357201 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seamlessly integrating soluble factors onto biomedical scaffolds with a precisely manufactured topography for efficient cell control remains elusive since many scaffold fabrication techniques degrade payloads. Surface adsorption of payloads onto synthesized nanoscaffolds retains bioactivity by removing exposure to harsh processing conditions at the expense of inefficient drug loading and uncontrolled release. Herein, we present a nanomaterial composite scaffold paradigm to improve physicochemical surface adsorption pharmacokinetics. As a proof of concept, we integrated graphene oxide (GO) and manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanosheets onto nanofibers to increase loading capacity and tune drug release. Non-degradable GO enhances payload retention, while biodegradable MnO2 enables cell-responsive drug release. To demonstrate the utility of this hybrid nanomaterial scaffold paradigm for tissue engineering, we adsorbed payloads ranging from small molecules to proteins onto the scaffold to induce myogenesis and osteogenesis for multiple stem cell lines. Scaffolds with adsorbed payloads enabled more efficient differentiation than media supplementation using equivalent quantities of differentiation factors. We attribute this increased efficacy to a reverse uptake mechanism whereby payloads are localized around seeded cells, increasing delivery efficiency for guiding differentiation. Additionally, we demonstrate spatial control over cells since differentiation factors are delivered locally through the scaffold. When co-culturing scaffolds with and without adsorbed payloads, only cells seeded on payload-adsorbed scaffolds underwent differentiation. With this modular technology being capable of enhancing multiple differentiation fates for specific cell lines, this technology provides a promising alternative for current tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Letao Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Sy-Tsong Dean Chueng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Brian Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Christopher Rathnam
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Ki-Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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18
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Ouyang J, Rao S, Liu R, Wang L, Chen W, Tao W, Kong N. 2D materials-based nanomedicine: From discovery to applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 185:114268. [PMID: 35398466 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to their unique physicochemical characteristics, 2D materials have attracted more and more attention in the biomedicine field. Currently, 2D materials-based nanomedicines have been extensively applied in various diseases including cancer, bacterial infection, tissue engineering, biological protection, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular disease. Depending on their various characteristics, these 2D nanomedicines exert their therapeutic effect in different ways, showing great clinical application prospects. Herein, we focus on the various biomedical applications of 2D materials-based nanomedicine. The structures and characteristics of several typical 2D nanomaterials with different configurations and their corresponding biomedical applications are first introduced. Then, the potential of 2D nanomedicines on therapeutic and imaging and their biological functionalization are discussed. Furthermore, the therapeutic potentials of 2D nanomedicines in various diseases are also comprehensively summarized. At last, the challenges and perspectives for the advancement of 2D nanomedicines in clinical transformation are outlooks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Ouyang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Siyuan Rao
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China & Orthopedics Department, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Runcong Liu
- Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated, Jinan University, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Liqiang Wang
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wei Tao
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Na Kong
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China; Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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19
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Liu C, Tan D, Chen X, Liao J, Wu L. Research on Graphene and Its Derivatives in Oral Disease Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094737. [PMID: 35563128 PMCID: PMC9104291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral diseases present a global public health problem that imposes heavy financial burdens on individuals and health-care systems. Most oral health conditions can be treated in their early stage. Even if the early symptoms of oral diseases do not seem to cause significant discomfort, prompt treatment is essential for preventing their progression. Biomaterials with superior properties enable dental therapies with applications in restoration, therapeutic drug/protein delivery, and tissue regeneration. Graphene nanomaterials have many unique mechanical and physiochemical properties and can respond to the complex oral microenvironment, which includes oral microbiota colonization and high masticatory force. Research on graphene nanomaterials in dentistry, especially in caries, periodontitis therapy, and implant coatings, is progressing rapidly. Here, we review the development of graphene and its derivatives for dental disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (C.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Mucosal Diseases, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China;
| | - Xiaoli Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Periodontics, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (C.L.); (X.C.)
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China School & Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.W.)
| | - Leng Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Oral and Maxillofacial Development and Regeneration, Wuhan 430030, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.W.)
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20
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Sahebalzamani M, Ziminska M, McCarthy HO, Levingstone TJ, Dunne NJ, Hamilton AR. Advancing bone tissue engineering one layer at a time: a layer-by-layer assembly approach to 3D bone scaffold materials. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:2734-2758. [PMID: 35438692 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01756j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique has shown excellent potential in tissue engineering applications. The technique is mainly based on electrostatic attraction and involves the sequential adsorption of oppositely charged electrolyte complexes onto a substrate, resulting in uniform single layers that can be rapidly deposited to form nanolayer films. LbL has attracted significant attention as a coating technique due to it being a convenient and affordable fabrication method capable of achieving a wide range of biomaterial coatings while keeping the main biofunctionality of the substrate materials. One promising application is the use of nanolayer films fabricated by LbL assembly in the development of 3-dimensional (3D) bone scaffolds for bone repair and regeneration. Due to their versatility, nanoscale films offer an exciting opportunity for tailoring surface and bulk property modification of implants for osseous defect therapies. This review article discusses the state of the art of the LbL assembly technique, and the properties and functions of LbL-assembled films for engineered bone scaffold application, combination of multilayers for multifunctional coatings and recent advancements in the application of LbL assembly in bone tissue engineering. The recent decade has seen tremendous advances in the promising developments of LbL film systems and their impact on cell interaction and tissue repair. A deep understanding of the cell behaviour and biomaterial interaction for the further development of new generations of LbL films for tissue engineering are the most important targets for biomaterial research in the field. While there is still much to learn about the biological and physicochemical interactions at the interface of nano-surface coated scaffolds and biological systems, we provide a conceptual review to further progress in the LbL approach to 3D bone scaffold materials and inform the future of LbL development in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- MohammadAli Sahebalzamani
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. .,Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Monika Ziminska
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Helen O McCarthy
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK. .,School of Chemical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Tanya J Levingstone
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. .,Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. .,Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Nicholas J Dunne
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. .,Centre for Medical Engineering Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland. .,School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK. .,Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, School of Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre (I-Form), School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Advanced Materials and Bioengineering Research Centre (AMBER), Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.,Advanced Processing Technology Research Centre, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland.,Biodesign Europe, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Andrew R Hamilton
- Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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21
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Fang H, Zhu D, Yang Q, Chen Y, Zhang C, Gao J, Gao Y. Emerging zero-dimensional to four-dimensional biomaterials for bone regeneration. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:26. [PMID: 34991600 PMCID: PMC8740479 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01228-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is one of the most sophisticated and dynamic tissues in the human body, and is characterized by its remarkable potential for regeneration. In most cases, bone has the capacity to be restored to its original form with homeostatic functionality after injury without any remaining scarring. Throughout the fascinating processes of bone regeneration, a plethora of cell lineages and signaling molecules, together with the extracellular matrix, are precisely regulated at multiple length and time scales. However, conditions, such as delayed unions (or nonunion) and critical-sized bone defects, represent thorny challenges for orthopedic surgeons. During recent decades, a variety of novel biomaterials have been designed to mimic the organic and inorganic structure of the bone microenvironment, which have tremendously promoted and accelerated bone healing throughout different stages of bone regeneration. Advances in tissue engineering endowed bone scaffolds with phenomenal osteoconductivity, osteoinductivity, vascularization and neurotization effects as well as alluring properties, such as antibacterial effects. According to the dimensional structure and functional mechanism, these biomaterials are categorized as zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional, and four-dimensional biomaterials. In this review, we comprehensively summarized the astounding advances in emerging biomaterials for bone regeneration by categorizing them as zero-dimensional to four-dimensional biomaterials, which were further elucidated by typical examples. Hopefully, this review will provide some inspiration for the future design of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Daoyu Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianhao Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Changqing Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Junjie Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
- Ningbo Institute of Life and Health Industry, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Youshui Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Zhou X, Zhang Y, Kang K, Zhu N, Cheng J, Yi Q, Wu Y. Artificial cell membrane camouflaged immunomagnetic nanoparticles for enhanced circulating tumor cells isolation. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:3119-3125. [DOI: 10.1039/d1tb02676c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Precise and specific circulating tumor cells (CTCs) isolation is heavily interfered by blood cells and proteins. Though satisfactory results have been achieved by some cell membrane-derived platforms, following limitations have...
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23
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Guo B, Feng X, Wang Y, Wang X, He Y. Biomimetic and immunomodulatory baicalin-loaded graphene oxide-demineralized bone matrix scaffold for in vivo bone regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:9720-9733. [PMID: 34787627 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00618e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The use of an artificial bone substitute is a potential strategy for repairing bone defects; however, the inadequate consideration of repair-immune system interactions, resulting in significant pathological changes in the microenvironment, is a major barrier to achieving effective regenerative outcomes. Here, we evaluated a biomimetic baicalin (BAI)-incorporating graphene oxide-demineralized bone matrix (GO-BAI/DBM) hybrid scaffold, which was beneficial for bone regeneration. First, by considering that bone is a kind of organic-inorganic composite, a biomimetic GO/DBM bone substitute with enhanced physiochemical and osteoinductive properties was fabricated. Furthermore, inherently therapeutic GO was also used as a drug delivery carrier to achieve the sustained and prolonged release of BAI. Notably, a series of experiments showed that the GO-BAI nanocomposites could transform inflammatory M1 macrophages into pro-healing M2 macrophages, which was beneficial for in vitro angiogenesis and osteogenesis. By using a rat subcutaneous model, it was revealed that the GO-BAI nanocomposites proactively ameliorated the inflammatory response, which was coupled with decreased fibrous encapsulation. Notably, obvious in situ calvarial bone regeneration was achieved using the GO-BAI/DBM hybrid scaffold. These findings demonstrated that the bifunctional GO-BAI/DBM scaffold, by enhancing beneficial cross-talk among bone cells and inflammatory cells, might be utilized as an effective strategy for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xiaodong Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266000, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Xiansong Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| | - Yue He
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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24
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Lai WF, Wong WT. Use of graphene-based materials as carriers of bioactive agents. Asian J Pharm Sci 2021; 16:577-588. [PMID: 34849163 PMCID: PMC8609387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajps.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Graphene possesses a large specific surface area, a high Young's modulus, high fracture strength, high electrical conductivity, and excellent optical performance. It has been widely studied for biomedical use since its first appearance in the literature. This article offers an overview of the latest advances in the design of graphene-based materials for delivery of bioactive agents. To enhance the translation of these carriers into practical use, the toxicity involved is needed to be examined in future research in more detail. In addition, guidelines for standardizing experimental conditions during the evaluation of the performance of graphene-based materials are required to be established so that candidates showing higher practical potential can be more effectively identified for further development. This can streamline the optimization and use of graphene-based materials in delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Fu Lai
- Ciechanover Institute of Precision and Regenerative Medicine, School of Life and Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region, China
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25
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Liu W, Dong X, Qin H, Sui L, Wang J. Three-dimensional porous reduced graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite membrane for guided bone regeneration. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2021; 208:112102. [PMID: 34509086 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2021.112102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane is intended to provide sufficient space for alveolar bone regeneration and meanwhile prevent the invasion of gingival epithelium. In this study, three-dimensional porous reduced graphene oxide/hydroxyapatite (3D rGO/HA) membrane with two different sides was prepared using a two-step electrochemical method. One side of this composite membrane facing the bone defect was formed by 3D porous rGO with HA deposited on the frame of the 3D structure, and the other side of the membrane presented a dense 2D rGO surface to prevent the invasion of the gingival epithelium. The morphology, phase composition, and physical properties of the 3D rGO/HA composite membrane were characterized. Then the cell morphology, viability, and proliferation of pre-osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1 cells) on the 3D porous structure surface of membranes were evaluated and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) secretion as an indication of osteogenic differentiation was also investigated. Meanwhile, cell morphology, viability, and proliferation of HUVEC and L929 cells on the dense structure surface were examined. Finally, a cranial defect model of rat was employed to evaluate the effect of 3D rGO/HA as a GBR membrane in vivo. The results revealed the 3D rGO/HA membrane had good biocompatibility for MC3T3-E1 and HUVEC cells and could significantly enhance ALP secretion. Furthermore, this membrane also promoted the repair of calvarial defects in vivo. These results demonstrated that 3D porous rGO/HA composite membrane with a porous side and another dense side represents great application potential as an ideal GBR membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 30070, China
| | - Xingtong Dong
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Han Qin
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China
| | - Lei Sui
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 30070, China.
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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26
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Wu M, Zou L, Jiang L, Zhao Z, Liu J. Osteoinductive and antimicrobial mechanisms of graphene-based materials for enhancing bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:915-935. [PMID: 34469046 DOI: 10.1002/term.3239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based materials (GMs) have great application prospects in bone tissue engineering due to their osteoinductive ability and antimicrobial activity. GMs induce osteogenic differentiation through several mechanisms and pathways in bone tissue engineering. First of all, the surface and high hardness of the porous folds of graphene or graphene oxide (GO) can generate mechanical stimulation to initiate a cascade of reactions that promote osteogenic differentiation without any chemical inducers. In addition, change of the extracellular matrix (ECM), regulation of macrophage polarization, the oncostatin M (OSM) signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, the BMP signaling pathway, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and other pathways are involved in GMs' regulation of osteogenesis. In bone tissue engineering, GMs prevent the formation of microbial biofilms mainly through preventing microbial adhesion and killing them. The former is mainly achieved by reducing surface free energy (SFE) and increasing hydrophobicity. The latter mainly includes oxidative stress and photothermal/photodynamic effects. Graphene and its derivatives (GDs) are mainly combined with bioactive ceramic materials, metal materials and macromolecular polymers to play an antimicrobial effect in bone tissue engineering. Concentration, number of layers, and type of GDs often affect the antimicrobial activity of GMs. In this paper, we reviewed relevant osteoinductive and antimicrobial mechanisms of GMs and their applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengsong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linli Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Li Z, Xiang S, Lin Z, Li EN, Yagi H, Cao G, Yocum L, Li L, Hao T, Bruce KK, Fritch MR, Hu H, Wang B, Alexander PG, Khor KA, Tuan RS, Lin H. Graphene oxide-functionalized nanocomposites promote osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells via enhancement of BMP-SMAD1/5 signaling pathway. Biomaterials 2021; 277:121082. [PMID: 34464823 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials that can harness the intrinsic osteogenic potential of stem cells offer a promising strategy to accelerate bone regeneration and repair. Previously, we had used methacrylated gelatin (GelMA)-based scaffolds to achieve bone formation from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). In this study, we aimed to further enhance hMSC osteogenesis by incorporating graphene oxide (GO)-based nanosheets into GelMA. In vitro results showed high viability and metabolic activities in hMSCs encapsulated in the newly developed nanocomposites. Incorporation of GO markedly increased mineralization within hMSC-laden constructs, which was further increased by replacing GO with silica-coated graphene oxide (SiGO). Mechanistic analysis revealed that the nanosheet enhanced the production, retention, and biological activity of endogenous bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), resulting in robust osteogenesis in the absence of exogenous osteoinductive growth factors. Specifically, the osteoinductive effect of the nanosheets was abolished by inhibiting the BMP signaling pathway with LDN-193189 treatment. The bone formation potential of the technology was further tested in vivo using a mouse subcutaneous implantation model, where hMSCs-laden GO/GelMA and SiGO/GelMA samples resulted in bone volumes 108 and 385 times larger, respectively, than the GelMA control group. Taken together, these results demonstrate the biological activity and mechanism of action of GO-based nanosheets in augmenting the osteogenic capability of hMSCs, and highlights the potential of leveraging nanomaterials such as GO and SiGO for bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Li
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shiqi Xiang
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zixuan Lin
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eileen N Li
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Haruyo Yagi
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Guorui Cao
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Lauren Yocum
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - La Li
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Tingjun Hao
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Katherine K Bruce
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Madalyn R Fritch
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Huanlong Hu
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bing Wang
- Molecular Therapeutics Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Peter G Alexander
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Khiam Aik Khor
- School of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rocky S Tuan
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Hang Lin
- Center for Cellular & Molecular Engineering, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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28
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Liu F, Wei B, Xu X, Ma B, Zhang S, Duan J, Kong Y, Yang H, Sang Y, Wang S, Tang W, Liu C, Liu H. Nanocellulose-Reinforced Hydroxyapatite Nanobelt Membrane as a Stem Cell Multi-Lineage Differentiation Platform for Biomimetic Construction of Bioactive 3D Osteoid Tissue In Vitro. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001851. [PMID: 33336546 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Severe bone defects, especially accompanied by vascular and peripheral nerve injuries, remain a massive challenge. Most studies related to bone tissue engineering have focused on osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and ignored the formation of blood vessels and nerves in the newly generated bone owing to the lack of proper materials and methodology for tuning stem cells differentiated into osteogenic, neuronal, and endothelial cells (ECs) in the same scaffold system. Herein, a nanocellulose-reinforced hybrid membrane with good mechanical properties and control over biodegradation by assembling ultralong hydroxyapatite nanobelts in a bacterial nanocellulose hydrogel is designed and synthesized. Osteogenic, neuronal cells are successfully differentiated on this hybrid membrane. Based on the multi-lineage differentiation property of the membrane, a bioactive 3D osteoid tissue (osteogenic, neural, and ECs) is mimetically constructed in vitro using layer-by-layer culture and integration. The bone regeneration ability of the as-prepared bioactive osteoid tissue is assessed in vivo via heterotopic osteogenesis experiments for eight weeks. The rapid new bone growth and formation of blood capillaries and nerve fibers prove that the hybrid membrane can be universally applied as a stem cell multi-lineage differentiation platform, which has significant applications in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Benjie Wei
- Institute of Life Science Yinfeng Biological Group Jinan 250102 China
| | - Xiaoying Xu
- Department of Pathology Jinan Women and Children's Health Hospital Jinan Shandong 250000 China
| | - Baojin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Shan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Jiazhi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Ying Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Hongru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Shuhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Wei Tang
- Departments of Pathogenic Biology School of Basic Medical Sciences Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery Qilu Hospital Institute of Stomatology Shandong University Jinan 250012 China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research (IAIR) University of Jinan Jinan 250022 China
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29
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Daneshmandi L, Barajaa M, Tahmasbi Rad A, Sydlik SA, Laurencin CT. Graphene-Based Biomaterials for Bone Regenerative Engineering: A Comprehensive Review of the Field and Considerations Regarding Biocompatibility and Biodegradation. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001414. [PMID: 33103370 PMCID: PMC8218309 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Graphene and its derivatives have continued to garner worldwide interest due to their unique characteristics. Having expanded into biomedical applications, there have been efforts to employ their exceptional properties for the regeneration of different tissues, particularly bone. This article presents a comprehensive review on the usage of graphene-based materials for bone regenerative engineering. The graphene family of materials (GFMs) are used either alone or in combination with other biomaterials in the form of fillers in composites, coatings for both scaffolds and implants, or vehicles for the delivery of various signaling and therapeutic agents. The applications of the GFMs in each of these diverse areas are discussed and emphasis is placed on the characteristics of the GFMs that have implications in this regard. In tandem and of importance, this article evaluates the safety and biocompatibility of the GFMs and carefully elucidates how various factors influence the biocompatibility and biodegradability of this new class of nanomaterials. In conclusion, the challenges and opportunities regarding the use of the GFMs in regenerative engineering applications are discussed, and future perspectives for the developments in this field are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Daneshmandi
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Mohammed Barajaa
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
| | - Armin Tahmasbi Rad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Stefanie A Sydlik
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Cato T Laurencin
- Connecticut Convergence Institute for Translation in Regenerative Engineering, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Center for Biomedical, Biological, Physical and Engineering Sciences, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, 06030, USA
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
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30
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Ghaemi A, Javadi S, Heidari MK, Rashedi H, Yazdian F, Omidi M, Tavakoli Z, Sheikhpour M. Graphene-based materials in drug delivery and growth factor release: A critical review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wndm.2020.100193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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31
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Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M, Mirkiani S, Mozaffari N, Abdolahi Sadatlu MA, Ghasemi A, Abbaspour S, Akbarian M, Farjadian F, Karimi M. Applications of Graphene and Graphene Oxide in Smart Drug/Gene Delivery: Is the World Still Flat? Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:9469-9496. [PMID: 33281443 PMCID: PMC7710865 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s265876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene, a wonder material, has made far-reaching developments in many different fields such as materials science, electronics, condensed physics, quantum physics, energy systems, etc. Since its discovery in 2004, extensive studies have been done for understanding its physical and chemical properties. Owing to its unique characteristics, it has rapidly became a potential candidate for nano-bio researchers to explore its usage in biomedical applications. In the last decade, remarkable efforts have been devoted to investigating the biomedical utilization of graphene and graphene-based materials, especially in smart drug and gene delivery as well as cancer therapy. Inspired by a great number of successful graphene-based materials integrations into the biomedical area, here we summarize the most recent developments made about graphene applications in biomedicine. In this paper, we review the up-to-date advances of graphene-based materials in drug delivery applications, specifically targeted drug/ gene delivery, delivery of antitumor drugs, controlled and stimuli-responsive drug release, photodynamic therapy applications and optical imaging and theranostics, as well as investigating the future trends and succeeding challenges in this topic to provide an outlook for future researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Soroush Mirkiani
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Naeimeh Mozaffari
- Research School of Electrical, Energy and Materials Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra2601, Australia
| | | | - Amir Ghasemi
- Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Abbaspour
- Department of Engineering, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Mohsen Akbarian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Farjadian
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Karimi
- Iran Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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32
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Zhang H, Li S, Liu Y, Yu Y, Lin S, Wang Q, Miao L, Wei H, Sun W. Fe 3O 4@GO magnetic nanocomposites protect mesenchymal stem cells and promote osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:5984-5993. [PMID: 32985626 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm00906g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) are typical magnetic materials for bone tissue regeneration. However, the accompanying oxidative stress during the reaction process of Fe3O4 NPs and H2O2 in bone remodeling and disease may hinder their application. In order to reduce this side effect, we selected graphene oxide (GO) to modify Fe3O4 NPs. We showed that Fe3O4@GO magnetic nanocomposites (Fe3O4@GO MNCs) eliminated 30% of H2O2 in 3 h, and reduced the amount of ˙OH, the intermediate product of the Fenton reaction. The cellular study demonstrated that Fe3O4@GO MNCs reduced the cell damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and improved the activity of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Moreover, when the magnetic field and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) delivered by Fe3O4@GO MNCs worked together, osteogenic differentiation of MSCs in vitro was well promoted.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, China
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33
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Eckhart KE, Schmidt SJ, Starvaggi FA, Wolf ME, Vickery WM, Sydlik SA. Peptide- and Protein-Graphene Oxide Conjugate Materials for Controlling Mesenchymal Stem Cell Fate. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-020-00182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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34
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Du Z, Wang C, Zhang R, Wang X, Li X. Applications of Graphene and Its Derivatives in Bone Repair: Advantages for Promoting Bone Formation and Providing Real-Time Detection, Challenges and Future Prospects. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:7523-7551. [PMID: 33116486 PMCID: PMC7547809 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s271917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
During continuous innovation in the preparation, characterization and application of various bone repair materials for several decades, nanomaterials have exhibited many unique advantages. As a kind of representative two-dimensional nanomaterials, graphene and its derivatives (GDs) such as graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide have shown promising potential for the application in bone repair based on their excellent mechanical properties, electrical conductivity, large specific surface area (SSA) and atomic structure stability. Herein, we reviewed the updated application of them in bone repair in order to present, as comprehensively, as possible, their specific advantages, challenges and current solutions. Firstly, how their advantages have been utilized in bone repair materials with improved bone formation ability was discussed. Especially, the effects of further functionalization or modification were emphasized. Then, the signaling pathways involved in GDs-induced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells and immunomodulatory mechanism of GDs-induced bone regeneration were discussed. On the other hand, their applications as contrast agents in the field of bone repair were summarized. In addition, we also reviewed the progress and related principles of the effects of GDs parameters on cytotoxicity and residues. At last, the future research was prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipo Du
- Department of Orthopedics, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding 072350, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Cunyang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihong Zhang
- Department of Research and Teaching, The Fourth Central Hospital of Baoding City, Baoding 072350, Hebei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiumei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China
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35
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Wu S, Lei L, Zhang H, Liu J, Weir MD, Schneider A, Zhao L, Liu J, Xu HH. Nanographene oxide‐calcium phosphate to inhibit
Staphylococcus aureus
infection and support stem cells for bone tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2020; 14:1779-1791. [PMID: 33025745 DOI: 10.1002/term.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhou Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, West China Hospital Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Jin Liu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
- Key Laboratory of Shannxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, Clinical Research Center of Shannxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an China
| | - Michael D. Weir
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
| | - Abraham Schneider
- Department of Oncology and Diagnostic Sciences University of Maryland School of Dentistry Baltimore MD USA
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology Sichuan University Chengdu China
| | - Hockin H.K. Xu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Division, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics University of Maryland Dental School Baltimore MD USA
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
- Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore MD USA
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36
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Emadi F, Emadi A, Gholami A. A Comprehensive Insight Towards Pharmaceutical Aspects of Graphene Nanosheets. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:1016-1027. [PMID: 32188383 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200318131422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene Derivatives (GDs) have captured the interest and imagination of pharmaceutical scientists. This review exclusively provides pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics information with a particular focus on biopharmaceuticals. GDs can be used as multipurpose pharmaceutical delivery systems due to their ultra-high surface area, flexibility, and fast mobility of charge carriers. Improved effects, targeted delivery to tissues, controlled release profiles, visualization of biodistribution and clearance, and overcoming drug resistance are examples of the benefits of GDs. This review focuses on the application of GDs for the delivery of biopharmaceuticals. Also, the pharmacokinetic properties and the advantage of using GDs in pharmaceutics will be reviewed to achieve a comprehensive understanding about the GDs in pharmaceutical sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Emadi
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide SA 5000, Iran
| | - Arash Emadi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ahmad Gholami
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, P.O. Box: 7146864685, Iran
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37
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Osseointegration and biosafety of graphene oxide wrapped porous CF/PEEK composites as implantable materials: The role of surface structure and chemistry. Dent Mater 2020; 36:1289-1302. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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38
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Mousavi SM, Low FW, Hashemi SA, Lai CW, Ghasemi Y, Soroshnia S, Savardashtaki A, Babapoor A, Pynadathu Rumjit N, Goh SM, Amin N, Tiong SK. Development of graphene based nanocomposites towards medical and biological applications. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 48:1189-1205. [DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2020.1817052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Mojtaba Mousavi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Foo Wah Low
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Chin Wei Lai
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sadaf Soroshnia
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili (UMA), Ardabil, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Aziz Babapoor
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili (UMA), Ardabil, Iran
| | - Nelson Pynadathu Rumjit
- Nanotechnology and Catalysis Research Centre (NANOCAT), Institute for Advanced Studies (IAS), University of Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Su Mei Goh
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (@The Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Nowshad Amin
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang, Malaysia
| | - Sieh Kiong Tiong
- Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (The National Energy University), Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, Kajang, Malaysia
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Bonilla-Represa V, Abalos-Labruzzi C, Herrera-Martinez M, Guerrero-Pérez MO. Nanomaterials in Dentistry: State of the Art and Future Challenges. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1770. [PMID: 32906829 PMCID: PMC7557393 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are commonly considered as those materials in which the shape and molecular composition at a nanometer scale can be controlled. Subsequently, they present extraordinary properties that are being useful for the development of new and improved applications in many fields, including medicine. In dentistry, several research efforts are being conducted, especially during the last decade, for the improvement of the properties of materials used in dentistry. The objective of the present article is to offer the audience a complete and comprehensive review of the main applications that have been developed in dentistry, by the use of these materials, during the last two decades. It was shown how these materials are improving the treatments in mainly all the important areas of dentistry, such as endodontics, periodontics, implants, tissue engineering and restorative dentistry. The scope of the present review is, subsequently, to revise the main applications regarding nano-shaped materials in dentistry, including nanorods, nanofibers, nanotubes, nanospheres/nanoparticles, and zeolites and other orders porous materials. The results of the bibliographic analysis show that the most explored nanomaterials in dentistry are graphene and carbon nanotubes, and their derivatives. A detailed analysis and a comparative study of their applications show that, although they are quite similar, graphene-based materials seem to be more promising for most of the applications of interest in dentistry. The bibliographic study also demonstrated the potential of zeolite-based materials, although the low number of studies on their applications shows that they have not been totally explored, as well as other porous nanomaterials that have found important applications in medicine, such as metal organic frameworks, have not been explored. Subsequently, it is expected that the research effort will concentrate on graphene and zeolite-based materials in the coming years. Thus, the present review paper presents a detailed bibliographic study, with more than 200 references, in order to briefly describe the main achievements that have been described in dentistry using nanomaterials, compare and analyze them in a critical way, with the aim of predicting the future challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Bonilla-Represa
- Departamento de Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009 Sevilla, Spain; (V.B.-R.); (M.H.-M.)
| | | | - Manuela Herrera-Martinez
- Departamento de Operatoria Dental y Endodoncia, Universidad de Sevilla, E-41009 Sevilla, Spain; (V.B.-R.); (M.H.-M.)
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Li Q, Liang B, Wang F, Wang Z. Delivery of Interleukin 4 from a Titanium Substrate Coated with Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Osseointegration by Regulating Macrophage Polarization. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:5215-5229. [PMID: 33455271 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage-related inflammation has been identified as a possible predictor of the success or failure of implants based on their polarization of the pro-inflammatory/anti-inflammatory (M1/M2) phenotype. The purpose of this study was to deliver interleukin 4 (IL-4, a cytokine that triggers M2 polarization of macrophages) from a titanium substrate by a graphene oxide (GO) coating to regulate the macrophage-related inflammatory response and improve the implant performance. The GO/IL-4 coating showed good biocompatibility and promoted macrophages polarization to the M2 phenotype in vitro. Conditioned media from macrophages cultured on a GO/IL-4 surface promoted the proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). As the inflammatory response at the interface of GO/IL-4 weakened, the percentage of M2-polarized macrophages increased and the best stability, bone-implant contact, and osteogenesis were observed in vivo. These results demonstrate that the macrophage-related inflammatory response plays a crucial role in osteogenesis around implants and that this GO/IL-4 coating provides an effective strategy for promoting implant osseointegration by regulating immune function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfan Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Beilei Liang
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai 200072, China.,Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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Li Q, Wang Z. Involvement of FAK/P38 Signaling Pathways in Mediating the Enhanced Osteogenesis Induced by Nano-Graphene Oxide Modification on Titanium Implant Surface. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:4659-4676. [PMID: 32636624 PMCID: PMC7335313 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s245608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Titanium implants are widely used in dental and orthopedic medicine. Nevertheless, there is limited osteoinductive capability of titanium leading to a poor or delayed osseointegration, which might cause the failure of the implant therapy. Therefore, appropriate modification on the titanium surface for promoting osseointegration of existing implants is still pursued. PURPOSE Graphene oxide (GO) is a promising candidate to perform implant surface biofunctionalization for modulating the interactions between implant surface and cells. So the objective of this study was to fabricate a bioactive GO-modified titanium implant surface with excellent osteoinductive potential and further investigate the underlying biological mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS The large particle sandblasting and acid etching (SLA, commonly used in clinical practice) surface as a control group was first developed and then the nano-GO was deposited on the SLA surface via an ultrasonic atomization spraying technique to create the SLA/GO group. Their effects on rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) responsive behaviors were assessed in vitro, and the underlying biological mechanisms were further systematically investigated. Moreover, the osteogenesis performance in vivo was also evaluated. RESULTS The results showed that GO coating was fabricated on the titanium substrates successfully, which endowed SLA surface with the improved hydrophilicity and protein adsorption capacity. Compared with the SLA surface, the GO-modified surface favored cell adhesion and spreading, and significantly improved cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Furthermore, the FAK/P38 signaling pathways were proven to be involved in the enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, accompanied by the upregulated expression of focal adhesion (vinculin) on the GO coated surface. The enhanced bone regeneration ability of GO-modified implants when inserted into rat femurs was also observed and confirmed that the GO coating induced accelerated osseointegration and osteogenesis in vivo. CONCLUSION GO modification on titanium implant surface has potential applications for achieving rapid bone-implant integration through the mediation of FAK/P38 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfan Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zuolin Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Oral Implant, School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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Komorek P, Wałek M, Jachimska B. Mechanism of lysozyme adsorption onto gold surface determined by quartz crystal microbalance and surface plasmon resonance. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 135:107582. [PMID: 32535493 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the physicochemical characterization of lysozyme adsorbed on gold was investigated. Through the use of MP-SPR it was possible to establish that the orientation of molecules changes from side-on to between or end-on with increasing surface coverage. The data confirms that the process of adsorption is driven primarily by electrostatic interactions but also by hydrophobic forces. MP-SPR data was compared with the Random Sequential Adsorption model for a molecule with an ellipsoidal shape. Contact angle measurements showed that higher surface coverage also translates in more hydrophilic properties of obtained lysozyme layer. Comparison of CD and PM-IRRAS spectra in solution and adsorbed state respectively showed changes in the secondary structures of lysozyme. These changes are dependent on pH, but fundamentally they go in the direction of the increase of β-turn/random content with a simultaneous decrease in β-sheet fraction, which suggests that aggregation is not occurring. The combination of MP-SPR and QCM-D measurements allowed the estimation of the number of water molecules associated with the lysozymes films. It has been observed that hydration decreases from 70% in pH = 4 to 30% in pH = 11. This data indicates that hydration is driven mainly by the degree of protonation of lysozyme molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Komorek
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland
| | - M Wałek
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland
| | - B Jachimska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Cracow, Poland.
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Biomechanical Behavior of Bioactive Material in Dental Implant: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:2363298. [PMID: 32454799 PMCID: PMC7229563 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2363298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely accepted for the rehabilitation of missing teeth due to their aesthetic compliance, functional ability, and great survival rate. The various components in implant design like thread design, thread angle, pitch, and material used for manufacturing play a critical role in its success. Understanding these influencing factors and implementing them properly in implant design can reduce cases of potential implant failure. Recently, finite element analysis (FEA) is being widely used in the field of health sciences to solve problems in designing medical devices. It provides valid and accurate assessment in the clinical and in vitro analysis. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the impact of thread design of the implant and 3 different bioactive materials, titanium alloy, graphene, and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) on stress, strain, and deformation in the implant system using FEA. In this study, the FEA model of the bones and the tissues are modeled as homogeneous, isotropic, and linearly elastic material with a titanium implant system with an assumption of it 100% osseointegrated into the bone. The titanium was functionalized with graphene and graphene oxide. A modeling software tool Catia® and Ansys Workbench® is used to perform the analysis and evaluate the von Mises stress distribution, strain, and deformation at the implant and implant-cortical bone interface. The results showed that the titanium implant with a surface coating of graphene oxide exhibited better mechanical behavior than graphene, with mean von Mises stress of 39.64 MPa in pitch 1, 23.65 MPa in pitch 2, and 37.23 MPa in pitch 3. It also revealed that functionalizing the titanium implant will help in reducing the stress at the implant system. Overall, the study emphasizes the use of FEA analysis methods in solving various biomechanical issues about medical and dental devices, which can further open up for invivo study and their practical uses.
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Shen H, Lin H, Sun AX, Song S, Wang B, Yang Y, Dai J, Tuan RS. Acceleration of chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by sustained growth factor release in 3D graphene oxide incorporated hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2020; 105:44-55. [PMID: 32035282 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.01.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Damaged articular cartilage has limited self-healing capabilities, leading to degeneration that affects millions of people. Although cartilage tissue engineering is considered a promising approach for treatment, robust and long-term chondrogenesis within a 3-dimensional (3D) scaffold remains a major challenge for complete regeneration. Most current approaches involve incorporation of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) into the scaffold, but have limited utility owing to the short functional half-life and/or rapid clearance of TGF-β. In this study, we have tested the incorporation of graphene oxide nanosheets (GO) within a photopolymerizable poly-D, l-lactic acid/polyethylene glycol (PDLLA) hydrogel, for its applicability in sustained release of the chondroinductive growth factor TGF-β3. We found that with GO incorporation, the hydrogel scaffold (GO/PDLLA) exhibited enhanced initial mechanical strength, i.e., increased compressive modulus, and supported long-term, sustained release of TGF-β3 for up to 4 weeks. In addition, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) seeded within TGF-β3 loaded GO/PDLLA hydrogels displayed high cell viability and improved chondrogenesis in a TGF-β3 concentration-dependent manner. hBMSCs cultured in GO/PDLLA also demonstrated significantly higher chondrogenic gene expression, including aggrecan, collagen type II and SOX9, and cartilage matrix production when compared to cultures maintained in GO-free scaffolds containing equivalent amounts of TGF-β3. Upon subcutaneous implantation in vivo, hBMSC-seeded TGF-β3-GO/PDLLA hydrogel constructs displayed considerably greater cartilage matrix than their TGF-β3/PDLLA counterparts without GO. Taken together, these findings support the potential application of GO in optimizing TGF-β3 induced hBMSC chondrogenesis for cartilage tissue engineering. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this work, we have developed a graphene oxide (GO) incorporated, photocrosslinked PDLLA hybrid hydrogel for localized delivery and sustained release of loaded TGF-β3 to seeded cells. The incorporation of GO in PDLLA hydrogel suppressed the burst release of TGF-β3, and significantly prolonged the retention time of the TGF-β3 initially loaded in the hydrogel. Additionally, the GO improved the initial compressive strength of the hydrogel. Both in vitro analyses and in vivo implantation results showed that the GO/PDLLA constructs seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) showed significantly higher cartilage formation, compared to GO-free scaffolds containing equivalent amount of TGF-β3. Findings from this work suggest the potential application of the GO-TGF/PDLLA hydrogel as a functional scaffold for hMSC-based cartilage tissue engineering.
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45
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Peng Z, Zhao T, Zhou Y, Li S, Li J, Leblanc RM. Bone Tissue Engineering via Carbon-Based Nanomaterials. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901495. [PMID: 31976623 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has received significant attention due to its enormous potential in treating critical-sized bone defects and related diseases. Traditional materials such as metals, ceramics, and polymers have been widely applied as BTE scaffolds; however, their clinical applications have been rather limited due to various considerations. Recently, carbon-based nanomaterials attract significant interests for their applications as BTE scaffolds due to their superior properties, including excellent mechanical strength, large surface area, tunable surface functionalities, high biocompatibility as well as abundant and inexpensive nature. In this article, recent studies and advancements on the use of carbon-based nanomaterials with different dimensions such as graphene and its derivatives, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots, for BTE are reviewed. Current challenges of carbon-based nanomaterials for BTE and future trends in BTE scaffolds development are also highlighted and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Tianshu Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Materials & Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Yiqun Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
| | - Shanghao Li
- MP Biomedicals, 9 Goddard, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, P. R. China
| | - Roger M Leblanc
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL, 33146, USA
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Dinescu S, Ionita M, Ignat SR, Costache M, Hermenean A. Graphene Oxide Enhances Chitosan-Based 3D Scaffold Properties for Bone Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5077. [PMID: 31614903 PMCID: PMC6834324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The main goal of bone tissue engineering (BTE) is to refine and repair major bone defects based on bioactive biomaterials with distinct properties that can induce and support bone tissue formation. Graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO), display optimal properties for BTE, being able to support cell growth and proliferation, cell attachment, and cytoskeleton development as well as the activation of osteogenesis and bone development pathways. Conversely, the presence of GO within a polymer matrix produces favorable changes to scaffold morphologies that facilitate cell attachment and migration i.e., more ordered morphologies, greater surface area, and higher total porosity. Therefore, there is a need to explore the potential of GO for tissue engineering applications and regenerative medicine. Here, we aim to promote one novel scaffold based on a natural compound of chitosan, improved with 3 wt.% GO, for BTE approaches, considering its good biocompatibility, remarkable 3D characteristics, and ability to support stem cell differentiation processes towards the bone lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Dinescu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Mariana Ionita
- Advanced Polymer Materials Group, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Gh. Polizu 1-7, 011061 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Simona-Rebeca Ignat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Marieta Costache
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independentei 91-95, 050095 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania.
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Mahanta AK, Patel DK, Maiti P. Nanohybrid Scaffold of Chitosan and Functionalized Graphene Oxide for Controlled Drug Delivery and Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:5139-5149. [PMID: 33455220 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanohybrid scaffolds of chitosan have been designed for controlled drug delivery and bone regeneration. Sulfonated graphene oxide has been used to develop the nanohybrids. Nanohybrid scaffolds show highly hydrophilic character and greater mechanical strength as compared to pure chitosan. Nanohybrid scaffolds show an interconnected uniform porous network structure exhibiting sustained release kinetics of the antibacterial drug, tetracycline hydrochloride. Nanohybrids are found to be highly biocompatible in nature and are able to support and proliferate MG63 osteoblast cells and thereby induce bone tissue regeneration. The in-vivo bone healing study shows that the developed nanohybrid scaffolds have the potential to regenerate the bone faster without any side effects as compared to pure scaffolds. Hence, the developed nanohybrid scaffold has good potential as a controlled drug delivery vehicle and in bone tissue engineering for faster healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar Mahanta
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Dinesh K Patel
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221 005, India
| | - Pralay Maiti
- School of Materials Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi 221 005, India
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48
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Unagolla JM, Jayasuriya AC. Enhanced cell functions on graphene oxide incorporated 3D printed polycaprolactone scaffolds. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 102:1-11. [PMID: 31146979 PMCID: PMC6546300 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For tissue engineering applications, a porous scaffold with an interconnected network is essential to facilitate the cell attachment and proliferation in a three dimensional (3D) structure. This study aimed to fabricate the scaffolds by an extrusion-based 3D printer using a blend of polycaprolactone (PCL), and graphene oxide (GO) as a favorable platform for bone tissue engineering. The mechanical properties, morphology, biocompatibility, and biological activities such as cell proliferation and differentiation were studied concerning the two different pore sizes; 400 μm, and 800 μm, and also with two different GO content; 0.1% (w/w) and 0.5% (w/w). The compressive strength of the scaffolds was not significantly changed due to the small amount of GO, but, as expected scaffolds with 400 μm pores showed a higher compressive modulus in comparison to the scaffolds with 800 μm pores. The data indicated that the cell attachment and proliferation were increased by adding a small amount of GO. According to the results, pore size did not play a significant role in cell proliferation and differentiation. Alkaline Phosphate (ALP) activity assay further confirmed that the GO increase the ALP activity and further Elemental analysis of Calcium and Phosphorous showed that the GO increased the mineralization compared to PCL only scaffolds. Western blot analysis showed the porous structure facilitate the secretion of bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteopontin at both day 7 and 14 which galvanizes the osteogenic capability of PCL and PCL + GO scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janitha M Unagolla
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA
| | - Ambalangodage C Jayasuriya
- Biomedical Engineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43607, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, College of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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Hu C, Ashok D, Nisbet DR, Gautam V. Bioinspired surface modification of orthopedic implants for bone tissue engineering. Biomaterials 2019; 219:119366. [PMID: 31374482 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical implants have been widely used in various orthopedic treatments, including total hip arthroplasty, joint arthrodesis, fracture fixation, non-union, dental repair, etc. The modern research and development of orthopedic implants have gradually shifted from traditional mechanical support to a bioactive graft in order to endow them with better osteoinduction and osteoconduction. Inspired by structural and mechanical properties of natural bone, this review provides a panorama of current biological surface modifications for facilitating the interaction between medical implants and bone tissue and gives a future outlook for fabricating the next-generation multifunctional and smart implants by systematically biomimicking the physiological processes involved in formation and functioning of bones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Hu
- Research School of Engineering, Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Deepu Ashok
- Research School of Engineering, Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- Research School of Engineering, Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Vini Gautam
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, ACT, 2601, Australia.
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50
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Dhas N, Parekh K, Pandey A, Kudarha R, Mutalik S, Mehta T. Two dimensional carbon based nanocomposites as multimodal therapeutic and diagnostic platform: A biomedical and toxicological perspective. J Control Release 2019; 308:130-161. [PMID: 31310783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Graphene based nanocomposites have revolutionized cancer treatment, diagnosis and imaging owing to its good compatibility, elegant flexibility, high surface area, low mass density along with excellent combined additive effect of graphene with other nanomaterials. This review inculcates the type of graphene based nanocomposites and their fabrication techniques to improve its properties as photothermal and theranostic platform. With decades' efforts, many significant breakthroughs in the method of synthesis and characterization in addition to various functionalization options of graphene based nanocomposite have paved a solid foundation for their potential applications in the cancer therapy. This work intends to provide a thorough, up-to-date holistic discussion on correlation of breakthroughs with their biomedical applications and illustrate how to utilize these breakthroughs to address long-standing challenges in the clinical translation of nanomedicines. This review also emphasizes on graphene based nanocomposites based toxicity concerns pertaining to delivery platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namdev Dhas
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Khushali Parekh
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India
| | - Abhijeet Pandey
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Ritu Kudarha
- The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat 390002, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, India
| | - Tejal Mehta
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 382481, India.
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