1
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Gao Q, Ma H, He C, Wang X, Ding J, Zhang W, Fan X. Humidity Sensing Properties of Different Atomic Layers of Graphene on the SiO 2/Si Substrate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39356715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Graphene has great potential to be used for humidity sensing due to its ultrahigh surface area and conductivity. However, the impact of different atomic layers of graphene on the SiO2/Si substrate on humidity sensing has not been studied yet. In this paper, we fabricated three types of humidity sensors on the SiO2/Si substrate based on one to three atomic layers of graphene, in which the sensing areas of graphene are 75 μm × 72 μm and 45 μm × 72 μm, respectively. We studied the impact of both the number of atomic layers of graphene and the sensing areas of graphene on the responsivity and response/recovery time of the prepared graphene-based humidity sensors. We found that the relative resistance change of the prepared devices decreased with the increase of number of atomic layers of graphene under the same change of relative humidity. Further, devices based on tri-layer graphene showed the fastest response/recovery time, while devices based on double-layer graphene showed the slowest response/recovery time. Finally, we chose devices based on double-layer graphene that have relatively good responsivity and stability for application in respiration monitoring and contact-free finger monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Gao
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hongliang Ma
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Chang He
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaojing Wang
- Advanced Interdisciplinary Technology Research Center, National Innovation Institute of Defense Technology, 100071 Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wendong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Dynamic Measurement Technology, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
- National Key Laboratory for Electronic Measurement Technology, School of Instrument and Electronics, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China
| | - Xuge Fan
- Advanced Research Institute for Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Center for Interdisciplinary Science of Optical Quantum and NEMS Integration, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai, Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai 519088, China
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2
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Gu J, Shen Y, Tian S, Xue Z, Meng X. Recent Advances in Nanowire-Based Wearable Physical Sensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1025. [PMID: 38131785 PMCID: PMC10742341 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronics is a technology that closely integrates electronic devices with the human body or clothing, which can realize human-computer interaction, health monitoring, smart medical, and other functions. Wearable physical sensors are an important part of wearable electronics. They can sense various physical signals from the human body or the surrounding environment and convert them into electrical signals for processing and analysis. Nanowires (NW) have unique properties such as a high surface-to-volume ratio, high flexibility, high carrier mobility, a tunable bandgap, a large piezoresistive coefficient, and a strong light-matter interaction. They are one of the ideal candidates for the fabrication of wearable physical sensors with high sensitivity, fast response, and low power consumption. In this review, we summarize recent advances in various types of NW-based wearable physical sensors, specifically including mechanical, photoelectric, temperature, and multifunctional sensors. The discussion revolves around the structural design, sensing mechanisms, manufacture, and practical applications of these sensors, highlighting the positive role that NWs play in the sensing process. Finally, we present the conclusions with perspectives on current challenges and future opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhaoguo Xue
- National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xianhong Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Strength and Structural Integrity, School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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3
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Li H, Gong H, Wong TH, Zhou J, Wang Y, Lin L, Dou Y, Jia H, Huang X, Gao Z, Shi R, Huang Y, Chen Z, Park W, Li JY, Chu H, Jia S, Wu H, Wu M, Liu Y, Li D, Li J, Xu G, Chang T, Zhang B, Gao Y, Su J, Bai H, Hu J, Yiu CK, Xu C, Hu W, Huang J, Chang L, Yu X. Wireless, battery-free, multifunctional integrated bioelectronics for respiratory pathogens monitoring and severity evaluation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7539. [PMID: 37985765 PMCID: PMC10661182 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43189-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid diagnosis of respiratory virus infection through breath and blow remains challenging. Here we develop a wireless, battery-free, multifunctional pathogenic infection diagnosis system (PIDS) for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 infection and symptom severity by blow and breath within 110 s and 350 s, respectively. The accuracies reach to 100% and 92% for evaluating the infection and symptom severity of 42 participants, respectively. PIDS realizes simultaneous gaseous sample collection, biomarker identification, abnormal physical signs recording and machine learning analysis. We transform PIDS into other miniaturized wearable or portable electronic platforms that may widen the diagnostic modes at home, outdoors and public places. Collectively, we demonstrate a general-purpose technology for rapidly diagnosing respiratory pathogenic infection by breath and blow, alleviating the technical bottleneck of saliva and nasopharyngeal secretions. PIDS may serve as a complementary diagnostic tool for other point-of-care techniques and guide the symptomatic treatment of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Huarui Gong
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tsz Hung Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jingkun Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuqiong Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Long Lin
- College of Engineering, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Dou
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Huiling Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Xingcan Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Rui Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ya Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Zhenlin Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wooyoung Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Ji Yu Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hongwei Chu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Shengxin Jia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Han Wu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Mengge Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dengfeng Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Tianrui Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yuyu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jingyou Su
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Hao Bai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Precision Medicine Industrial Technology Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Precision Medicine Industrial Technology Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Chun Ki Yiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Wenchuang Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Med+X Center for Manufacturing, West China Precision Medicine Industrial Technology Institute, Department of Liver Surgery, Department of Pathology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Jiandong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quantitative Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- Clinical Oncology Center, Shenzhen Key Laboratory for cancer metastasis and personalized therapy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Lingqian Chang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, 100083, Beijing, China.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xinge Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
- Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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4
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Wu H, Liang C, Jeong J, Aluru NR. From ab initio to continuum: Linking multiple scales using deep-learned forces. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:184108. [PMID: 37947511 DOI: 10.1063/5.0166927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We develop a deep learning-based algorithm, called DeepForce, to link ab initio physics with the continuum theory to predict concentration profiles of confined water. We show that the deep-learned forces can be used to predict the structural properties of water confined in a nanochannel with quantum scale accuracy by solving the continuum theory given by Nernst-Planck equation. The DeepForce model has an excellent predictive performance with a relative error less than 7.6% not only for confined water in small channel systems (L < 6 nm) but also for confined water in large channel systems (L = 20 nm) which are computationally inaccessible through the high accuracy ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Finally, we note that classical Molecular dynamics simulations can be inaccurate in capturing the interfacial physics of water in confinement (L < 4.0 nm) when quantum scale physics are neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyi Wu
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Chenxing Liang
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Jinu Jeong
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N R Aluru
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
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5
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Pan B, Su P, Jin M, Huang X, Wang Z, Zhang R, Xu H, Liu W, Ye Y. Ultrathin hierarchical hydrogel-carbon nanocomposite for highly stretchable fast-response water-proof wearable humidity sensors. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2023; 10:5263-5276. [PMID: 37750039 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01093g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Wearable humidity sensors play an important role in human health monitoring. However, challenges persist in realizing high performance wearable humidity sensors with fast response and good stretchability and durability. Here we report wearable humidity sensors employing an ultrathin micro-nano hierarchical hydrogel-carbon nanocomposite. The nanocomposite is synthesized on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) films via a facile two-step solvent-free approach, which creates a hierarchical architecture consisting of periodic microscale wrinkles and vapor-deposited nanoporous hydrogel-candle-soot nanocoating. The hierarchical surface topography results in a significantly enlarged specific surface area (>107 times that of planar hydrogel), which along with the ultrathin hydrogel endow the sensor with high sensitivity and a fast response/recovery (13/0.48 s) over a wide humidity range (11-96%). Owing to the wrinkle structure and interpenetrating network between the hydrogel and PDMS, the sensor is stable and durable against repeated 180° bending, 100% strain, and even scratching. Furthermore, encapsulation of the sensor imparts excellent resistance to water, sweat, and bacteria without influencing its performance. The sensor is then successfully used to monitor different human respiratory behaviors and skin humidity in real time. The reported method is convenient and cost-effective, which could bring exciting new opportunities in the fabrication of next-generation wearable humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Pan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Peipei Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Minghui Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaocheng Huang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Zhenbo Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Ruhao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - He Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Wenna Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
| | - Yumin Ye
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, P. R. China.
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6
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Jiang Y, Ma J, Shen L, Zhang W, Yang K, Zhu B, Yang Y, Ma H, Chen X, Bai S, Zhu N. Chemresistor Smart Sensors from Silk Fibroin-Graphene Composites for Touch-free Wearables. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:47196-47207. [PMID: 37768689 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of wearable electronics, low-cost, multifunctional, ultrasensitive touch-free wearables for human-machine interaction and human/plant healthcare management have attracted great attention. The experience of fighting the COVID-19 epidemic has also confirmed the great significance of contactless sensation. Herein, a wearable smart-sensing platform using silk fibroin-reduced graphene oxide (SF-rGO) as bifunctional sensing active layers has been fabricated and integrated with a noncontact moisture/thermo sensor and Joule heater. As a result, the as-prepared smart sensor operated at 0.1 V exhibits good stability and sensitivity (sensor response of 60 for 97% RH) under a wide linear range of 6-97% RH, fast response/recover speed (real test: 21.51 s/85.62 s) toward touch-free humidity/temperature sensing for wearables, and thermal readings that can be accurately corrected by Joule heater. Impressively, it can achieve breath monitoring, mental state prediction, or elevator switching by identifying fingertip humidity variation. Prospectively, this all-in-one wearable smart sensor would set an example for improving sensing performance from structure-function relationship points of view and building a noncontact sensing system for daily life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jiang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hazardous Chemicals Safety and Control, College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
| | - Junlin Ma
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Liuxue Shen
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Kai Yang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Boyu Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Yupeng Yang
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Hongting Ma
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Xize Chen
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Shubin Bai
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Nan Zhu
- School of Chemistry, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
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7
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Muñoz R, León-Boigues L, López-Elvira E, Munuera C, Vázquez L, Mompeán F, Martín-Gago JÁ, Palacio I, García-Hernández M. Acrylates Polymerization on Covalent Plasma-Assisted Functionalized Graphene: A Route to Synthesize Hybrid Functional Materials. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:46171-46180. [PMID: 37738025 PMCID: PMC10561134 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The modification of the surface properties of graphene with polymers provides a method for expanding its scope into new applications as a hybrid material. Unfortunately, the chemical inertness of graphene hinders the covalent functionalization required to build them up. Developing new strategies to enhance the graphene chemical activity for efficient and stable functionalization, while preserving its electronic properties, is a major challenge. We here devise a covalent functionalization method that is clean, reproducible, scalable, and technologically relevant for the synthesis of a large-scale, substrate-supported graphene-polymer hybrid material. In a first step, hydrogen-assisted plasma activation of p-aminophenol (p-AP) linker molecules produces their stable and covalent attachment to large-area graphene. Second, an in situ radical polymerization reaction of 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) is carried out on the functionalized surface, leading to a graphene-polymer hybrid functional material. The functionalization with a hydrophilic and soft polymer modifies the hydrophobicity of graphene and might enhance its biocompatibility. We have characterized these hybrid materials by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy and studied their electrical response, confirming that the graphene/p-AP/PHEA architecture is anchored covalently by the sp3 hybridization and controlled polymerization reaction on graphene, retaining its suitable electronic properties. Among all the possibilities, we assess the proof of concept of this graphene-based hybrid platform as a humidity sensor. An enhanced sensitivity is obtained in comparison with pristine graphene and related materials. This functional nanoarchitecture and the two-step strategy open up future potential applications in sensors, biomaterials, or biotechnology fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Muñoz
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Laia León-Boigues
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
- Universidad
Complutense de Madrid, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Elena López-Elvira
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Carmen Munuera
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Luis Vázquez
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Federico Mompeán
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - José Ángel Martín-Gago
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Irene Palacio
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
| | - Mar García-Hernández
- Instituto
de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Madrid E-28049, Spain
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8
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Zhao Y, Chen G, Zhao Y, Li M, Zhang N, Wen J, Zhou N, Li S, Mao H, Huang C. Wafer-Level, High-Performance, Flexible Sensors Based on Organic Nanoforests for Human-Machine Interactions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37307295 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-performance flexible sensors are essential for real-time information analysis and constructing noncontact communication modules for emerging human-machine interactions. In these applications, batch fabrication of sensors that exhibit high performance at the wafer level is in high demand. Here, we present organic nanoforest-based humidity sensor (NFHS) arrays on a 6 in. flexible substrate prepared via a facile, cost-effective manufacturing approach. Such an NFHS achieves state-of-the-art overall performance: high sensitivity and fast recovery time; the best properties are at a small device footprint. The high sensitivity (8.84 pF/% RH) and fast response time (5 s) of the as-fabricated organic nanoforests are attributed to the abundant hydrophilic groups, the ultra-large surface area with a huge number of nanopores, and the vertically distributed structures beneficial to the transfer of molecules up and down. The NFHS also exhibits excellent long-term stability (90 days), superior mechanical flexibility, and good performance repeatability after bending. With these superiorities, the NFHS is further applied as a smart noncontact switch, and the NFHS array is used as the motion trajectory tracker. The wafer-level batch fabrication capability of our NFHS provides a potential strategy for developing practical applications of such humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuefang Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Guidong Chen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yaqian Zhao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Mao Li
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Nan Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Jing Wen
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhou
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Shaojuan Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Optics, Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130033, P. R. China
| | - Haiyang Mao
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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9
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Chen X, Kong L, Mehrez JAA, Fan C, Quan W, Zhang Y, Zeng M, Yang J, Hu N, Su Y, Wei H, Yang Z. Outstanding Humidity Chemiresistors Based on Imine-Linked Covalent Organic Framework Films for Human Respiration Monitoring. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:149. [PMID: 37286913 PMCID: PMC10247948 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01107-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Human metabolite moisture detection is important in health monitoring and non-invasive diagnosis. However, ultra-sensitive quantitative extraction of respiration information in real-time remains a great challenge. Herein, chemiresistors based on imine-linked covalent organic framework (COF) films with dual-active sites are fabricated to address this issue, which demonstrates an amplified humidity-sensing signal performance. By regulation of monomers and functional groups, these COF films can be pre-engineered to achieve high response, wide detection range, fast response, and recovery time. Under the condition of relative humidity ranging from 13 to 98%, the COFTAPB-DHTA film-based humidity sensor exhibits outstanding humidity sensing performance with an expanded response value of 390 times. Furthermore, the response values of the COF film-based sensor are highly linear to the relative humidity in the range below 60%, reflecting a quantitative sensing mechanism at the molecular level. Based on the dual-site adsorption of the (-C=N-) and (C-N) stretching vibrations, the reversible tautomerism induced by hydrogen bonding with water molecules is demonstrated to be the main intrinsic mechanism for this effective humidity detection. In addition, the synthesized COF films can be further exploited to effectively detect human nasal and oral breathing as well as fabric permeability, which will inspire novel designs for effective humidity-detection devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingwei Kong
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Jaafar Abdul-Aziz Mehrez
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Fan
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Quan
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianhua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Nantao Hu
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjie Su
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wei
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Thin Film and Microfabrication (Ministry of Education), Department of Micro/Nano Electronics, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Facile Fabrication of a Bio-Inspired Leaf Vein-Based Ultra-Sensitive Humidity Sensor with a Hygroscopic Polymer. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14225030. [PMID: 36433157 PMCID: PMC9695871 DOI: 10.3390/polym14225030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bio-inspired materials have received significant interest in the development of flexible electronics due to their natural grid structures, especially natural leaf vein networks. In this work, a bio-inspired leaf vein-based flexible humidity sensor is demonstrated. The proposed sensor is composed of a leaf/Al/glycerin/Ag paste. The Al-deposited leaf vein networks are used as a bottom electrode with a resistance of around 100 Ω. The humidity sensor responds well to relative humidity (RH) levels ranging from 15% to 70% at room temperature. The fabricated humidity sensor exhibits an ultra-sensitive response to different humidity conditions due to the biodegradable insulating hygroscopic polymer (glycerin), specifically the ionic conductivity reaction. To further verify the presence of ionic conduction, the device performance is tested by doping NaCl salt into the hygroscopic polymer sensing layer. In addition, both the repeatability and flexibility of the sensor are tested under different bending angles (0°, 90°, 180°, and 360°). The bioinspired ultrasensitive humidity sensor with a biocompatible and biodegradable sensing layer holds great potential, especially for health care applications (e.g., respiratory monitoring) without causing any body harm.
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11
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Li S, Zhang H, Li W, Zhang Y, Gao X, Liu H, Li N, Hu H. Controllable Formation and Real-Time Characterization of Single Microdroplets Using Optical Tweezers. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1693. [PMID: 36296046 PMCID: PMC9607241 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Existing preparation methods for microdroplets usually require offline measurements to characterize single microdroplets. Here, we report an optical method used to facilitate the controllable formation and real-time characterization of single microdroplets. The optical tweezer technique was used to capture and form a microdroplet at the center of the trap. The controllable growth and real-time characterization of the microdroplet was realized, respectively, by adjusting experimental parameters and by resolving the Raman spectra by fitting Mie scattering to the spike positions of the spectra during the controllable growth of microdroplets. The proposed method can be potentially applied in optical microlenses and virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Hanlin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Wenqiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yizhou Zhang
- Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiaowen Gao
- Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab., Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Haiqing Liu
- Isvision (Hangzhou) Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310052, China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Huizhu Hu
- Quantum Sensing Center, Zhejiang Lab., Hangzhou 310000, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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12
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Lee G, Zarei M, Wei Q, Zhu Y, Lee SG. Surface Wrinkling for Flexible and Stretchable Sensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2203491. [PMID: 36047645 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanolithography, miniaturization, and material science, along with developments in wearable electronics, are pushing the frontiers of sensor technology into the large-scale fabrication of highly sensitive, flexible, stretchable, and multimodal detection systems. Various strategies, including surface engineering, have been developed to control the electrical and mechanical characteristics of sensors. In particular, surface wrinkling provides an effective alternative for improving both the sensing performance and mechanical deformability of flexible and stretchable sensors by releasing interfacial stress, preventing electrical failure, and enlarging surface areas. In this study, recent developments in the fabrication strategies of wrinkling structures for sensor applications are discussed. The fundamental mechanics, geometry control strategies, and various fabricating methods for wrinkling patterns are summarized. Furthermore, the current state of wrinkling approaches and their impacts on the development of various types of sensors, including strain, pressure, temperature, chemical, photodetectors, and multimodal sensors, are reviewed. Finally, existing wrinkling approaches, designs, and sensing strategies are extrapolated into future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giwon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44776, South Korea
| | - Qingshan Wei
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Seung Goo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan, 44776, South Korea
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13
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Cho MY, Kim IS, Kim MJ, Hyun DE, Koo SM, Sohn H, Kim NY, Kim S, Ko S, Oh JM. NaCl Ionization-Based Moisture Sensor Prepared by Aerosol Deposition for Monitoring Respiratory Patterns. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:5178. [PMID: 35890859 PMCID: PMC9317478 DOI: 10.3390/s22145178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A highly polarizable moisture sensor with multimodal sensing capabilities has great advantages for healthcare applications such as human respiration monitoring. We introduce an ionically polarizable moisture sensor based on NaCl/BaTiO3 composite films fabricated using a facile aerosol deposition (AD) process. The proposed sensing model operates based on an enormous NaCl ionization effect in addition to natural moisture polarization, whereas all previous sensors are based only on the latter. We obtained an optimal sensing performance in a 0.5 µm-thick layer containing NaCl-37.5 wt% by manipulating the sensing layer thickness and weight fraction of NaCl. The NaCl/BaTiO3 sensing layer exhibits outstanding sensitivity over a wide humidity range and a fast response/recovery time of 2/2 s; these results were obtained by performing the one-step AD process at room temperature without using any auxiliary methods. Further, we present a human respiration monitoring system using a sensing device that provides favorable and stable electrical signals under diverse respiratory scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Yeon Cho
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
| | - Ik-Soo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang 37673, Korea;
| | - Min-Ji Kim
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
| | - Da-Eun Hyun
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
| | - Sang-Mo Koo
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
| | - Hiesang Sohn
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Nam-Young Kim
- RFIC Center, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea;
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Korea;
| | - Seunghoon Ko
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
| | - Jong-Min Oh
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Korea; (M.-Y.C.); (M.-J.K.); (D.-E.H.); (S.-M.K.)
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14
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Tan M, Xu Y, Gao Z, Yuan T, Liu Q, Yang R, Zhang B, Peng L. Recent Advances in Intelligent Wearable Medical Devices Integrating Biosensing and Drug Delivery. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108491. [PMID: 35008128 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The primary roles of precision medicine are to perform real-time examination, administer on-demand medication, and apply instruments continuously. However, most current therapeutic systems implement these processes separately, leading to treatment interruption and limited recovery in patients. Personalized healthcare and smart medical treatment have greatly promoted research on and development of biosensing and drug-delivery integrated systems, with intelligent wearable medical devices (IWMDs) as typical systems, which have received increasing attention because of their non-invasive and customizable nature. Here, the latest progress in research on IWMDs is reviewed, including their mechanisms of integrating biosensing and on-demand drug delivery. The current challenges and future development directions of IWMDs are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minhong Tan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Ziqi Gao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Tiejun Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qingjun Liu
- College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Rusen Yang
- School of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Xidian University, Xian, 710126, P. R. China
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Lihua Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, P. R. China
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15
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Khattak Z, Sajid M, Javed M, Zeeshan Rizvi HM, Awan FS. Mass-Producible 2D Nanocomposite-Based Temperature-Independent All-Printed Relative Humidity Sensor. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:16605-16615. [PMID: 35601310 PMCID: PMC9118384 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Relative humidity sensors are widely studied under the categories of both environmental and biosensors owing to their vast reaching applications. The research on humidity sensors is mainly divided into two concentration areas including novel material development and novel device structure. Another approach focuses on the development of printed sensors with performance comparable to the sensors fabricated via conventional techniques. The major challenges in the research on relative humidity sensors include the range of detection, sensitivity (especially at lower %RH), transient response time, and dependence on temperature. Temperature dependence is one of the least studied parameters in relative humidity sensor development. In this work, relative humidity sensors were fabricated using all-printed approaches that are also compatible with mass production, resulting in low cost and easy development. Laser-induced graphene (LIG)-based printed electrodes were used as the transducers, while the 2D MoS2 and graphene nanocomposite was used as the active layer material with the built-in property of temperature independence. The exfoliation process of 2D MoS2 was based on wet grinding, while graphene for the active layer was obtained by scratching the graphene grown on the polyimide (PI) surface via laser ablation. The resulting sensors showed an excellent output response for a full range of 0%RH to 100%RH, having no dependence on the surrounding temperature, and excellent response and recovery times of 4 and 2 s, respectively. The developed sensors can be confidently employed for a wide range of humidity sensing applications where the temperature of the surrounding environment is not constant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarak
Jamal Khattak
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Topi, Swabi, K.P. 23640, Pakistan
| | - Memoon Sajid
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Topi, Swabi, K.P. 23640, Pakistan
| | - Mazhar Javed
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Topi, Swabi, K.P. 23640, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Zeeshan Rizvi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Topi, Swabi, K.P. 23640, Pakistan
| | - Faisal Saeed Awan
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Ghulam Ishaq Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences
and Technology, Topi, Swabi, K.P. 23640, Pakistan
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16
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Luo M, Liu Z, Wang Q, Liu R, Xu Y, Wang K, Shi X, Ye S. Surface Engineering on Polyimide-Silver Films in Low-Cost, Flexible Humidity Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16621-16630. [PMID: 35360903 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, surface engineering is applied to polyimide (PI) films to fabricate low-cost Ag/PI wireless humidity sensors with a resonant frequency of 2.45 GHz. The sensors were obtained by in situ metallization technique coupled with inkjet printing, where PI plays triple roles as a flexible substrate, ion-exchange surface, and sensing material to moisture. Moreover, the humidity sensitivity can be enhanced by the improvement of hydrophilicity via loading with different ions on the PI surface, which has been demonstrated by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and contact angle measurements. The wireless humidity sensor loaded with K+ ions has the maximum sensitivity of 97.7 kHz/% RH at a low relative humidity range of 20-65% and 359.7 kHz/% RH at a high relative humidity of 65-90%, respectively. Accordingly, a sensing mechanism of the fabricated humidity sensor has been discussed in detail. On the other hand, the characteristics of the humidity sensor such as response and recovery speed and stability are analyzed. The mechanical performance tests show that the humidity sensor displays excellent flexibility and good mechanical stability. A strong adhesion between the Ag antenna and PI substrate can be found as well. The passive wireless humidity sensor described in this work has the advantages of having a simple structure, low cost, high sensitivity, long-term stability, and good mechanical properties, which has potential applications in automated industry and healthcare with real-time humidity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Luo
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangming Liu
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Wang
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinzhi Shi
- Electronic Information School, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangli Ye
- School of Printing and Packaging, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
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17
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Li L, Zhou N, Zhao Y. Azobenzene/Acid Binary Systems for Colorimetric Humidity Sensing with Reversibility, High Sensitivity, and Tunable Colors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:7382-7391. [PMID: 35090104 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors are important for humidity detection in many storage and manufacturing processes. Issues like sensibility, response rate, controllability, and material and preparation process costs need to be taken into consideration for practical applications. Herein, we report an investigation on a series of azobenzene/acid binary systems using easily accessible compounds, whose thin films display reversible and widely tunable color changes in response to humidity stimulation, with high sensitivity, fast color change, and recovery speed. The interesting properties for colorimetric humidity sensing are showcased with potential applications in dynamic art painting, smart windows, and respiration monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Li
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Nianchen Zhou
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de chimie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada
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18
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Kano S, Jarulertwathana N, Mohd-Noor S, Hyun JK, Asahara R, Mekaru H. Respiratory Monitoring by Ultrafast Humidity Sensors with Nanomaterials: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1251. [PMID: 35161997 PMCID: PMC8838830 DOI: 10.3390/s22031251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Respiratory monitoring is a fundamental method to understand the physiological and psychological relationships between respiration and the human body. In this review, we overview recent developments on ultrafast humidity sensors with functional nanomaterials for monitoring human respiration. Key advances in design and materials have resulted in humidity sensors with response and recovery times reaching 8 ms. In addition, these sensors are particularly beneficial for respiratory monitoring by being portable and noninvasive. We systematically classify the reported sensors according to four types of output signals: impedance, light, frequency, and voltage. Design strategies for preparing ultrafast humidity sensors using nanomaterials are discussed with regard to physical parameters such as the nanomaterial film thickness, porosity, and hydrophilicity. We also summarize other applications that require ultrafast humidity sensors for physiological studies. This review provides key guidelines and directions for preparing and applying such sensors in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Kano
- Human Augmentation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa 277-0882, Japan;
- Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
| | - Nutpaphat Jarulertwathana
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (N.J.); (S.M.-N.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Syazwani Mohd-Noor
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (N.J.); (S.M.-N.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Jerome K. Hyun
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (N.J.); (S.M.-N.); (J.K.H.)
| | - Ryota Asahara
- Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan;
| | - Harutaka Mekaru
- Human Augmentation Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Kashiwa 277-0882, Japan;
- Sensing System Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8563, Japan
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19
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Yan B, Bao X, Liao X, Wang P, Zhou M, Yu Y, Yuan J, Cui L, Wang Q. Sensitive Micro-Breathing Sensing and Highly-Effective Photothermal Antibacterial Cinnamomum camphora Bark Micro-Structural Cotton Fabric via Electrostatic Self-Assembly of MXene/HACC. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:2132-2145. [PMID: 34939796 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Natural fabrics are gradually becoming the ideal substrate for flexible smart wearable devices due to their excellent moisture absorption, softness, and skin-friendliness. However, the bonding fastness of the conductive layer and the corresponding durability during service have not yet been well satisfied. In this report, we successfully prepared a smart wearable multifunctional protective cotton fabric with microbreathing monitoring and rapid-photothermal antibacterial abilities of Cinnamomum camphora bark microstructure, by combining chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HACC) with MXene nanosheets through electrostatic self-assembly. Impressively, MXene nanosheets and HACC established a strong interaction using the electrostatic attraction, endowing the fiber surface with ordered nanosheets. Meanwhile, the fabric decorated with MXene/HACC retains its original characteristics of outstanding breathability and softness, and its conductivity exhibits noticeable stability in terms of resistances to oxidation, washing, various solvents, and long-term bending cycles. On the basis of the principle of adsorption and release of water molecules in the MXene multilayer structures, the MXene/HACC fabric could accurately monitor the physiological health activities of users according to their breathing frequency and depth. Benefiting from the local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect, the MXene/HACC shows encouraging photothermal conversion ability, photothermal stability under long time irradiation, washing resistance, and cycle stability. In addition, the fabric achieved an antibacterial efficiency of nearly 100% against Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus within 5 min under an irradiation intensity of 400 mW/cm2. More importantly, after 10 washes, the antibacterial efficiency against the two bacteria could still reach 99.975% and 99.98%, respectively. This multifunctional protective MXene/HACC cotton fabric is expected to play a unique role in the new generation of smart wearable microbreathing sensing and against to bacterial attack, and shows a broad application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biaobiao Yan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueming Bao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Liao
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiugang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cui
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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20
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Chen G, Xiao X, Zhao X, Tat T, Bick M, Chen J. Electronic Textiles for Wearable Point-of-Care Systems. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3259-3291. [PMID: 34939791 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Traditional public health systems are suffering from limited, delayed, and inefficient medical services, especially when confronted with the pandemic and the aging population. Fusing traditional textiles with diagnostic, therapeutic, and protective medical devices can unlock electronic textiles (e-textiles) as point-of-care platform technologies on the human body, continuously monitoring vital signs and implementing round-the-clock treatment protocols in close proximity to the patient. This review comprehensively summarizes the research advances on e-textiles for wearable point-of-care systems. We start with a brief introduction to emphasize the significance of e-textiles in the current healthcare system. Then, we describe textile sensors for diagnosis, textile therapeutic devices for medical treatment, and textile protective devices for prevention, by highlighting their working mechanisms, representative materials, and clinical application scenarios. Afterward, we detail e-textiles' connection technologies as the gateway for real-time data transmission and processing in the context of 5G technologies and Internet of Things. Finally, we provide new insights into the remaining challenges and future directions in the field of e-textiles. Fueled by advances in chemistry and materials science, textile-based diagnostic devices, therapeutic devices, protective medical devices, and communication units are expected to interact synergistically to construct intelligent, wearable point-of-care textile platforms, ultimately illuminating the future of healthcare system in the Internet of Things era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guorui Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xun Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Trinny Tat
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Michael Bick
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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21
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Adhyapak PV, Kasabe AM, Bang AD, Ambekar J, Kulkarni SK. Highly sensitive, room temperature operated gold nanowire-based humidity sensor: adoptable for breath sensing. RSC Adv 2021; 12:1157-1164. [PMID: 35425134 PMCID: PMC8978864 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07510a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel, highly sensitive gold nanowire (AuNW) resistive sensor is reported here for humidity sensing in the relative humidity range of 11% to 92% RH as well as for breath sensing. Both humidity and breath sensors are widely needed. Despite a lot of research on humidity and breath sensors, there is a need for simple, inexpensive, reliable, sensitive and selective sensors, which will operate at room temperature. Here we have synthesized gold nanowires by a simple, wet chemical route. The nanowires synthesized by us are 4–7 nm in diameter and a few micrometers long. The nanowires are amine functionalized. The sensor was prepared by drop casting gold nanowires on an alumina substrate to form a AuNW layer with different thicknesses (10, 20, 30 μm). The AuNW sensor is highly selective towards humidity and shows minimum cross sensitivity towards other gases and organic vapors. At an optimum thickness of 20 μm, the humidity sensing performance of the AuNW sensor over 11% to 92% RH was found to be superior to that of 10 and 30 μm thick layers. The response time of the sensor is found to be 0.2 s and the recovery time is 0.3 s. The response of the AuNW sensor was 3.3 MΩ/% RH. Further, the AuNW sensor was tested for sensing human breathing patterns. A novel, highly sensitive gold nanowire (AuNW) resistive sensor is reported here for humidity sensing in the relative humidity range of 11% to 92% RH as well as for breath sensing.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag V Adhyapak
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Off Pashan Road Pune -411008 India
| | - Aishwarya M Kasabe
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Off Pashan Road Pune -411008 India
| | - Amruta D Bang
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Off Pashan Road Pune -411008 India
| | - Jalindar Ambekar
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Off Pashan Road Pune -411008 India
| | - Sulabha K Kulkarni
- Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET) Panchawati Off Pashan Road Pune -411008 India
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22
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Bokka N, Karhade J, Sahatiya P. Deep learning enabled classification of real-time respiration signals acquired by MoSSe quantum dot-based flexible sensors. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:6870-6880. [PMID: 34612334 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb01237a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Respiration rate is a vital parameter which is useful for the earlier identification of diseases. In this context, various types of devices have been fabricated and developed to monitor different breath rates. However, the disposability and biocompatibility of such sensors and the poor classification of different breath rates from sensor data are significant issues in medical services. This report attempts to focus on two important things: the classification of respiration signals from sensor data using deep learning and the disposability of devices. The use of the novel Janus MoSSe quantum dot (MoSSe QD) structure allows for stable respiration sensing because of unchanged wear rates under humid conditions, and also, the electron affinity and work function values suggest that MoSSe has a higher tendency to donate electrons and interact with the hydrogen molecule. Furthermore, for the real-time classification of different respiration signals, a 1D convolutional neural network (1D CNN) was incorporated. This algorithm was applied to four different breath patterns which achieved a state-of-the-art 10-trial accuracy of 98.18% for normal, 95.25% for slow, 97.64% for deep, and 98.18% for fast breaths. The successful demonstration of a stable, low-cost, and disposable respiration sensor with a highly accurate classification of signals is a major step ahead in developing wearable respiration sensors for future personal healthcare monitoring systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Bokka
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India.
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23
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Zhou K, Xu W, Yu Y, Zhai W, Yuan Z, Dai K, Zheng G, Mi L, Pan C, Liu C, Shen C. Tunable and Nacre-Mimetic Multifunctional Electronic Skins for Highly Stretchable Contact-Noncontact Sensing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100542. [PMID: 34174162 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Electronic skins (e-skins) have attracted great attention for their applications in disease diagnostics, soft robots, and human-machine interaction. The integration of high sensitivity, low detection limit, large stretchability, and multiple stimulus response capacity into a single e-skin remains an enormous challenge. Herein, inspired by the structure of nacre, an ultra-stretchable and multifunctional e-skin with tunable strain detection range based on nacre-mimetic multi-layered silver nanowires /reduced graphene oxide /thermoplastic polyurethane mats is fabricated. The e-skin possesses extraordinary strain response performance with a tunable detection range (50 to 200% strain), an ultralow response limit (0.1% strain), a high sensitivity (gauge factor up to 1902.5), a fast response time (20 ms), and an excellent stability (stretching/releasing test of 11 000 cycles). These excellent response behaviors enable the e-skin to accurately monitor full-range human body motions. Additionally, the e-skin can detect relative humidity quickly and sensitively through a reversible physical adsorption/desorption of water vapor, and the assembled e-skin array exhibits excellent performance in noncontact sensing. The tunable and multifunctional e-skins show promising applications in motion monitoring and contact-noncontact human machine interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkang Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Wangjiehao Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yunfei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wei Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zuqing Yuan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Kun Dai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Guoqiang Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Liwei Mi
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, Henan, 451191, China
| | - Caofeng Pan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, Beijing Key Laboratory of Micro-nano Energy and Sensor, Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 101400, P. R. China
| | - Chuntai Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Changyu Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, National Engineering Research Center for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
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24
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Wang C, Qi H. Visualising the knowledge structure and evolution of wearable device research. J Med Eng Technol 2021; 45:207-222. [PMID: 33769166 DOI: 10.1080/03091902.2021.1891314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the literature associated with wearable devices has grown rapidly, but few studies have used bibliometrics and a visualisation approach to conduct deep mining and reveal a panorama of the wearable devices field. To explore the foundational knowledge and research hotspots of the wearable devices field, this study conducted a series of bibliometric analyses on the related literature, including papers' production trends in the field and the distribution of countries, a keyword co-occurrence analysis, theme evolution analysis and research hotspots and trends for the future. By conducting a literature content analysis and structure analysis, we found the following: (a) The subject evolution path includes sensor research, sensitivity research and multi-functional device research. (b) Wearable device research focuses on information collection, sensor materials, manufacturing technology and application, artificial intelligence technology application, energy supply and medical applications. The future development trend will be further studied in combination with big data analysis, telemedicine and personalised precision medical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Health informatics and Management, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Qi
- Department of Health informatics and Management, School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
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25
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Cho MY, Kim IS, Kim SH, Park C, Kim NY, Kim SW, Kim S, Oh JM. Unique Noncontact Monitoring of Human Respiration and Sweat Evaporation Using a CsPb 2Br 5-Based Sensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:5602-5613. [PMID: 33496182 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c21097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Respiration monitoring and human sweat sensing have promising application prospects in personal healthcare data collection, disease diagnostics, and the effective prevention of human-to-human transmission of fatal viruses. Here, we have introduced a unique respiration monitoring and touchless sensing system based on a CsPb2Br5/BaTiO3 humidity-sensing layer operated by water-induced interfacial polarization and prepared using a facile aerosol deposition process. Based on the relationship between sensing ability and layer thickness, the sensing device with a 1.0 μm thick layer was found to exhibit optimal sensing performance, a result of its ideal microstructure. This sensor also exhibits the highest electrical signal variation at 0.5 kHz due to a substantial polarizability difference between high and low humidity. As a result, the CsPb2Br5/BaTiO3 sensing device shows the best signal variation of all types of breath-monitoring devices reported to date when used to monitor sudden changes in respiratory rates in diverse situations. Furthermore, the sensor can effectively detect sweat evaporation when placed 1 cm from the skin, including subtle changes in capacitance caused by finger area and motion, skin moisture, and contact time. This ultrasensitive sensor, with its fast response, provides a potential new sensing platform for the long-term daily monitoring of respiration and sweat evaporation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Yeon Cho
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Ik-Soo Kim
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hun Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Chulhwan Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam-Young Kim
- RFIC Center, Department of Electronic Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Kim
- Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dong-eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Oh
- Department of Electronic Materials Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
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26
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Saqib M, Ali Khan S, Mutee Ur Rehman HM, Yang Y, Kim S, Rehman MM, Young Kim W. High-Performance Humidity Sensor Based on the Graphene Flower/Zinc Oxide Composite. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010242. [PMID: 33477616 PMCID: PMC7831307 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Performance of an electronic device relies heavily on the availability of a suitable functional material. One of the simple, easy, and cost-effective ways to obtain novel functional materials with improved properties for desired applications is to make composites of selected materials. In this work, a novel composite of transparent n-type zinc oxide (ZnO) with a wide bandgap and a unique structure of graphene in the form of a graphene flower (GrF) is synthesized and used as the functional layer of a humidity sensor. The (GrF/ZnO) composite was synthesized by a simple sol–gel method. Morphological, elemental, and structural characterizations of GrF/ZnO composite were performed by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and an x-ray diffractometer (XRD), respectively, to fully understand the properties of this newly synthesized functional material. The proposed humidity sensor was tested in the relative humidity (RH) range of 15% RH% to 86% RH%. The demonstrated sensor illustrated a highly sensitive response to humidity with an average current change of 7.77 μA/RH%. Other prominent characteristics shown by this device include but were not limited to high stability, repeatable results, fast response, and quick recovery time. The proposed humidity sensor was highly sensitive to human breathing, thus making it a promising candidate for various applications related to health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saqib
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Shenawar Ali Khan
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Yunsook Yang
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Seongwan Kim
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Muhammad Muqeet Rehman
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
| | - Woo Young Kim
- Faculty of Applied Energy System, Major of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea; (M.S.); (S.A.K.); (H.M.M.U.R.); (Y.Y.); (S.K.); or (M.M.R.)
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea
- Correspondence:
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27
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Li Z, Wang J, Dai L, Sun X, An M, Duan C, Li J, Ni Y. Asymmetrically Patterned Cellulose Nanofibers/Graphene Oxide Composite Film for Humidity Sensing and Moist-Induced Electricity Generation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:55205-55214. [PMID: 33256398 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The exploration of advanced functional materials from natural resources is significantly important to green and sustainable development. Herein, we design an ultrafast humidity-driven bending response system using asymmetrically patterned cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/graphene oxide (GO) composite films. The CNF/GO composite films are fabricated by vacuum-assisted filtration, followed by a surface imprinting technique. The results reveal that the composite films possess excellent linear response to humidity change and cycle stability in the relative humidity (RH) range from 25 to 85%. The curvature of the film varies from 0.012 to 0.260 cm-1 as the RH changes from 25 to 85%, and the response time is only 3-5 s. The outstanding humidity response is attributed to the addition of GO that actively interacts with water, enhancing the flexibility and humidity sensitivity of the composite films. In addition, asymmetrical patterning improves the water transfer rate by confinement and renders an easy deformation of composite films under the same stress. Molecular dynamics simulation and finite element analysis are used to further elucidate the mechanism therein. Furthermore, this CNF/GO composite film is also an effective hygroelectric generator, with an output voltage as high as 286 mV. This smart CNF/GO film with responsive humidity-driven deformation shows potential applications as a biomimetic leaf, a proximity sensor, and a moisture-driven electricity generator. This work inspires a new approach of smart material design with nanocellulose and GO and promotes their further applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixiu Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Lei Dai
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xuhui Sun
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Meng An
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Chao Duan
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Ji Li
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Yonghao Ni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick E3B 5A3, Canada
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28
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Momtaz M, Chen J. High-Performance Colorimetric Humidity Sensors Based on Konjac Glucomannan. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:54104-54116. [PMID: 33185427 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-humidity conditions (85-100% relative humidity (RH)) have very diverse effects on many aspects of people's daily lives. Despite remarkable progress in the development of structural coloration-based humidity sensors, how to significantly improve the sensitivity and visual humidity resolution of these humidity sensors under a high-humidity environment remains a great challenge. In this study, high-performance colorimetric humidity sensors based on environment-friendly konjac glucomannan (KGM) via thin-film interference are developed using a simple, affordable, and scalable preparation method. An effective strategy is demonstrated for substantially improving the sensor sensitivity and visual humidity resolution under a high-humidity environment via synergistic integration of multiorder interference peaks, sensor array technology, and superior water-absorbing polymer. The KGM full-range humidity sensors exhibit fast and dynamic response toward the humidity change without power consumption, and they also show high sensitivity and selectivity, little hysteresis, and excellent stability against high-humidity conditions. The KGM humidity sensors display extraordinary red shift of the reflection peak (e.g., 385 nm) and the visual humidity resolution as high as 1.5% RH in the visible range from 85 to 100% RH, which represent the largest spectra shift and highest visual humidity resolution, respectively, for structural coloration-based humidity sensors in high-humidity conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Momtaz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
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29
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Frappa M, Del Rio Castillo AE, Macedonio F, Politano A, Drioli E, Bonaccorso F, Pellegrini V, Gugliuzza A. A few-layer graphene for advanced composite PVDF membranes dedicated to water desalination: a comparative study. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:4728-4739. [PMID: 36132930 PMCID: PMC9417500 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00403k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Membrane distillation is envisaged to be a promising best practice to recover freshwater from seawater with the prospect of building low energy-consuming devices powered by natural and renewable energy sources in remote and less accessible areas. Moreover, there is an additional benefit of integrating this green technology with other well-established operations dedicated to desalination. Today, the development of membrane distillation depends on the productivity-efficiency ratio on a large scale. Despite hydrophobic commercial membranes being widely used, no membrane with suitable morphological and chemical feature is readily available in the market. Thus, there is a real need to identify best practices for developing new efficient membranes for more productive and eco-sustainable membrane distillation devices. Here, we propose engineered few-layer graphene membranes, showing enhanced trans-membrane fluxes and total barrier action against NaCl ions. The obtained performances are linked with filling polymeric membranes with few-layer graphene of 490 nm in lateral size, produced by the wet-jet milling technology. The experimental evidence, together with comparative analyses, confirmed that the use of more largely sized few-layer graphene leads to superior productivity related efficiency trade-off for the membrane distillation process. Herein, it was demonstrated that the quality of exfoliation is a crucial factor for addressing the few-layer graphene supporting the separation capability of the host membranes designed for water desalination.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Frappa
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
| | - A E Del Rio Castillo
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
| | - F Macedonio
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
| | - A Politano
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of L'Aquila Via Vetoio 67100 L'Aquila AQ Italy
| | - E Drioli
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
- Department of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, University of Calabria Via P. Bucci 87036 Rende CS Italy
| | - F Bonaccorso
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Bedimensional s.p.a Via Albisola 121 16163 Genova Italy
| | - V Pellegrini
- Graphene Labs, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 3016163 Genova Italy
- Bedimensional s.p.a Via Albisola 121 16163 Genova Italy
| | - A Gugliuzza
- Institute on Membrane Technology-National Research Council (CNR-ITM) Via Pietro Bucci 17C Rende (CS) 87036 Italy
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30
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Wang P, Hu M, Wang H, Chen Z, Feng Y, Wang J, Ling W, Huang Y. The Evolution of Flexible Electronics: From Nature, Beyond Nature, and To Nature. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2001116. [PMID: 33101851 PMCID: PMC7578875 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The flourishing development of multifunctional flexible electronics cannot leave the beneficial role of nature, which provides continuous inspiration in their material, structural, and functional designs. During the evolution of flexible electronics, some originated from nature, some were even beyond nature, and others were implantable or biodegradable eventually to nature. Therefore, the relationship between flexible electronics and nature is undoubtedly vital since harmony between nature and technology evolution would promote the sustainable development. Herein, materials selection and functionality design for flexible electronics that are mostly inspired from nature are first introduced with certain functionality even beyond nature. Then, frontier advances on flexible electronics including the main individual components (i.e., energy (the power source) and the sensor (the electric load)) are presented from nature, beyond nature, and to nature with the aim of enlightening the harmonious relationship between the modern electronics technology and nature. Finally, critical issues in next-generation flexible electronics are discussed to provide possible solutions and new insights in prospective exploration directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Mengmeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Zhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yuping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Wei Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
| | - Yan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningShenzhen518055China
- Flexible Printed Electronic Technology CenterShenzhen518055China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen518055China
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Liang X, Li H, Dou J, Wang Q, He W, Wang C, Li D, Lin JM, Zhang Y. Stable and Biocompatible Carbon Nanotube Ink Mediated by Silk Protein for Printed Electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2000165. [PMID: 32583914 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ink-based processes, which enable scalable fabrication of flexible devices based on nanomaterials, are one of the practical approaches for the production of wearable electronics. However, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which possess great potential for flexible electronics, are facing challenges for use in inks due to their low dispersity in most solvents and suspicious cytotoxicity. Here, a stable and biocompatible CNT ink, which is stabilized by sustainable silk sericin and free from any artificial chemicals, is reported. The ink shows stability up to months, which can be attributed to the formation of sericin-CNT (SSCNT) hybrid through non-covalent interactions. It is demonstrated that the SSCNT ink can be used for fabricating versatile circuits on textile, paper, and plastic films through various techniques. As proofs of concept, electrocardiogram electrodes, breath sensors, and electrochemical sensors for monitoring human health and activity are fabricated, demonstrating the great potential of the SSCNT ink for smart wearables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Liang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Haifang Li
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jinxin Dou
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Wenya He
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chunya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Donghang Li
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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32
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Zhao X, Wang LY, Tang CY, Zha XJ, Liu Y, Su BH, Ke K, Bao RY, Yang MB, Yang W. Smart Ti 3C 2T x MXene Fabric with Fast Humidity Response and Joule Heating for Healthcare and Medical Therapy Applications. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8793-8805. [PMID: 32644797 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
An increasing utilization of flexible healthcare electronics and biomedicine-related therapeutic materials urges the development of multifunctional wearable/flexible smart fabrics for personal therapy and health management. However, it is currently a challenge to fabricate multifunctional and on-body healthcare electronic devices with reliable mechanical flexibility, excellent breathability, and self-controllable joule heating effects. Here, we fabricate a multifunctional MXene-based smart fabric by depositing 2D Ti3C2Tx nanosheets onto cellulose fiber nonwoven fabric via special MXene-cellulose fiber interactions. Such multifunctional fabrics exhibit sensitive and reversible humidity response upon H2O-induced swelling/contraction of channels between the MXene interlayers, enabling wearable respiration monitoring application. Besides, it can also serve as a low-voltage thermotherapy platform due to its fast and stable electro-thermal response. Interestingly, water molecular extraction induces electrical response upon heating, i.e., functioning as a temperature alarm, which allows for real-time temperature monitoring for thermotherapy platform without low-temperature burn risk. Furthermore, metal-like conductivity of MXene renders the fabric an excellent Joule heating effect, which can moderately kill bacteria surrounding the wound in bacteria-infected wound healing therapy. This work introduces a multifunctional smart flexible fabric suitable for next-generation wearable electronic devices for mobile healthcare and personal medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Li-Ya Wang
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chun-Yan Tang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-Jun Zha
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Science and Technology Information Center, PetroChina West East Gas Pipeline Company, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Bai-Hai Su
- Department of Nephrology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kai Ke
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-Ying Bao
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Bo Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Chengdu 610065, Sichuan, China
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Dinh T, Nguyen T, Phan HP, Nguyen NT, Dao DV, Bell J. Stretchable respiration sensors: Advanced designs and multifunctional platforms for wearable physiological monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 166:112460. [PMID: 32862846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Respiration signals are a vital sign of life. Monitoring human breath provides critical information for health assessment, diagnosis, and treatment for respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema. Stretchable and wearable respiration sensors have recently attracted considerable interest toward monitoring physiological signals in the era of real time and portable healthcare systems. This review provides a snapshot on the recent development of stretchable sensors and wearable technologies for respiration monitoring. The article offers the fundamental guideline on the sensing mechanisms and design concepts of stretchable sensors for detecting vital breath signals such as temperature, humidity, airflow, stress and strain. A highlight on the recent progress in the integration of variable sensing components outlines feasible pathways towards multifunctional and multimodal sensor platforms. Structural designs of nanomaterials and platforms for stretchable respiration sensors are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toan Dinh
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, 4350, Australia.
| | - Thanh Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Hoang-Phuong Phan
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - Dzung Viet Dao
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Queensland, 4111, Australia
| | - John Bell
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Queensland, 4350, Australia
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Liu F, Li Y, Hao S, Cheng Y, Zhan Y, Zhang C, Meng Y, Xie Q, Xia H. Well-aligned MXene/chitosan films with humidity response for high-performance electromagnetic interference shielding. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 243:116467. [PMID: 32532396 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
MXene/polymer composites have been used as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials due to metallic conductivity of MXene recently. Considering the biodegradability, nontoxic effects and renewable nature of biomass polymer, chitosan (CS)/MXene films with an EMI shielding function were prepared by vacuum assisted filtration. The well-aligned Ti3C2Tx layers endow CS/MXene films with excellent electrical conductivity, which is association with air humidity, and EMI shielding property. The 37-micron-thick CS/MXene film at a T3C2Tx content of 75 % exhibits a high EMI shielding effectiveness of ∼ 34.7 ± 0.2 dB due to the excellent electrical conductivity of CS/MXene films (∼ 1402 ± 70 S m-1) and multiple internal reflections of Ti3C2Tx flakes. Moreover, the specific shielding effectiveness of 13-micron-thick CS/MXene film at a T3C2Tx content of 50 % reaches to 15153.9 ± 153 dB cm-1, outperforming the reported biomass-based EMI shielding composites in the X-band frequency. Due to these advantages, the film shows potential applications in the next-generation EMI shielding materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yuchao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Shuai Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yu Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yanhu Zhan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China.
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Yanyan Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Qian Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252000, China
| | - Hesheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Kano S, Yamamoto A, Ishikawa A, Fujii M. Respiratory rate on exercise measured by nanoparticle-based humidity sensor. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2020; 2019:3567-3570. [PMID: 31946649 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we show the measurement of respiratory rate on exercise using a nanoparticle-based humidity sensor. A portable respiratory rate sensor is comprised of a colloidal silica nanoparticle-based humidity sensor chip. The impedance of the silica nanoparticle film is dependent on humidity and it is used for the detection of humid exhaled air. The respiratory rate sensor can be attached on an oxygen mask and the sensor signal is remotely monitored via Bluetooth. We show that the sensor follows a respiratory rate up to 60 bpm. We compare the sensor signal with that of a conventional respiratory measurement unit, which monitors a respiratory volume. The nanoparticle-based sensor can monitor a respiratory rate of an exercising person on a treadmill. The sensor operates stably for almost one year.
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36
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Wang G, Zhang Y, Yang H, Wang W, Dai YZ, Niu LG, Lv C, Xia H, Liu T. Fast-response humidity sensor based on laser printing for respiration monitoring. RSC Adv 2020; 10:8910-8916. [PMID: 35496566 PMCID: PMC9050045 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10409g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiration monitoring equipment has wide applications in daily health monitoring and modern medical diagnosis. Despite significant progress being made in humidity sensors for respiration monitoring, the fabrication of the humidity sensors with low-cost, simple manufacturing process and easy integration remains a challenge. This work reports a facile and inexpensive laser printing fabrication of PEDOT:PSS micron line as a humidity sensor for respiration monitoring. Laser printing technology can process any material into an arbitrary pattern. The PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor has a fast response-recovery time (0.86 s/0.59 s), demonstrating excellent performance for real-time monitoring of human respiration. Furthermore, the PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor can also monitor the respiration of rats under different physiological conditions along with the drug injection. The PEDOT:PSS micron line humidity sensor features simple manufacturing process with commercial materials, and easy integration with wearable devices. This work paves an important step in real-time monitoring of human health and further physiology and pharmacology study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Jilin University Changchun Jilin Province China
| | - Han Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Zhi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Gang Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University 2699 Qianjin Street Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Liu
- Department of Rheumatology, First Hospital, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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Tang H, Li Y, Ye H, Hu F, Gao C, Tao L, Tu T, Gou G, Chen X, Fan X, Ren T, Zhang G. High-performance humidity sensor using Schottky-contacted SnS nanoflakes for noncontact healthcare monitoring. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 31:055501. [PMID: 31484166 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Humidity sensors based on flexible sensitive nanomaterials are very attractive in noncontact healthcare monitoring. However, the existing humidity sensors have some shortcomings such as limited sensitivity, narrow relative humidity (RH) range, and a complex process. Herein, we show that a tin sulphide (SnS) nanoflakes-based sensor presents high humidity sensing behaviour both in rigid and flexible substrate. The sensing mechanism based on the Schottky nature of a SnS-metal contact endows the as-fabricated sensor with a high response of 2491000% towards a wide RH range from 3% RH to 99% RH. The response and recovery time of the sensor are 6 s and 4 s, respectively. Besides, the flexible SnS nanoflakes-based humidity sensor with a polyimide substrate can be well attached to the skin and exhibits stable humidity sensing performance in the natural flat state and under bending loading. Moreover, the first-principles analysis is performed to prove the high specificity of SnS to the moisture (H2O) in the air. Benefiting from its promising advantages, we explore some application of the SnS nanoflakes-based sensors in detection of breathing patterns and non-contact finger tips sensing behaviour. The sensor can monitor the respiration pattern of a human being accurately, and recognize the movement of the fingertip speedily. This novel humidity sensor shows great promising application in physiological and physical monitoring, portable diagnosis system, and noncontact interface localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Tang
- Delft Department of Microelectronics, Faculty of Electronic, Mathematics and Information, Delft University of Technology, Delft 2628 CD, The Netherlands. Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China. Changzhou Institute of Technology Research for Solid State Lighting, Changzhou 213161, People's Republic of China
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Li N, Jiang Y, Xiao Y, Meng B, Xing C, Zhang H, Peng Z. A fully inkjet-printed transparent humidity sensor based on a Ti 3C 2/Ag hybrid for touchless sensing of finger motion. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:21522-21531. [PMID: 31686085 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr06751e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Inkjet-printing was used to prepare a flexible and transparent humidity sensor with a Ti3C2/Ag hybrid as the humidity-sensitive film and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) as the adhesive layer. The sensor demonstrates an ultrahigh sensitivity (106 800%), a rapid response (80 ms), and excellent bending resistance. We demonstrate that an array of sensors can track moving fingers in a non-contact way and map the distance of the fingers away from the sensor surface. Therefore, our humidity sensors have great potential for novel human-machine interfacing such as touchless control of electronics and collision control between robots and humans in a cobot setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yue Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Yan Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Bo Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Chenyang Xing
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Zhengchun Peng
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
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Xiao Y, Shen D, Zou G, Wu A, Liu L, Duley WW, Zhou YN. Self-powered, flexible and remote-controlled breath monitor based on TiO 2 nanowire networks. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2019; 30:325503. [PMID: 31013482 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab1b93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Smart breath monitor devices with high stretchability, fast response/recovery times and self-powered characteristic are essential in the wearable medical and life science applications. In this work, we report on the development of a versatile high-performance humidity sensor based on TiO2 nanowire networks for self-powered sensing application of human breath monitoring. These sensors, with typical response times of ∼3.6 s and recovery times of ∼14 s, exhibit high sensitivity to water vapor and can yield an output voltage that is directly proportional to the humidity level of ambient environment. The structure of nanowire networks is highly flexible and maintains the output voltage even after 10 000 times bending. By combining this type of sensor with a commercial signal transmission and processing system, it shows the good basis for real-time/remote-controlled monitoring and analysis of human breath under a variety of respiratory conditions. Our results suggest a new class of humidity sensing for self-powered biomedical devices and open to new technologies in energy, electronics, and sensor applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Key Laboratory for Advanced Manufacturing by Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education of PR China, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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40
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Duan Z, Jiang Y, Yan M, Wang S, Yuan Z, Zhao Q, Sun P, Xie G, Du X, Tai H. Facile, Flexible, Cost-Saving, and Environment-Friendly Paper-Based Humidity Sensor for Multifunctional Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21840-21849. [PMID: 31135126 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Developing a facile, cost-saving, and environment-friendly method for fabricating a multifunctional humidity sensor is of great significance to expand its practical applications. However, most humidity sensors involve a complex fabrication process, resulting in their high cost and narrow application fields. Herein, a multifunctional paper-based humidity sensor with many advantages is proposed. This humidity sensor is fabricated using conventional printing paper and flexible conductive adhesive tape by a facile pasting method, in which the paper is used as both the humidity-sensing material and the substrate of the sensor. Owing to the moderate hydrophilicity of the paper and the rational structure design of the paper-based humidity sensor, the sensor exhibits an excellent humidity-sensing response of more than 103 as well as good linearity ( R2 = 0.9549) within the humidity range from 41.1 to 91.5% relative humidity. Furthermore, the paper-based humidity sensor has good flexibility and compatibility, endowing it with multifunctional applications for breath rate, baby diaper wetting, noncontact switch, skin humidity, and spatial localization monitoring. Although the resistance of the paper-based humidity sensor is relatively large, the humidity-sensing response signals of the sensor can be conveniently processed by the designed signal processing system. The readily available starting materials and facile fabrication technique provide useful strategies for the development of multifunctional humidity sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaihua Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Yadong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Mingguo Yan
- College of Science , Sichuan Agriculture University , Yaan 625014 , P. R. China
| | - Si Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Zhen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Qiuni Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Ping Sun
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering , Chengdu University of Information Technology , Chengdu 610225 , P. R. China
| | - Guangzhong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaosong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
| | - Huiling Tai
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering , University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) , Chengdu 610054 , P. R. China
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Zhong Y, Li W, Zhao X, Jiang X, Lin S, Zhen Z, Chen W, Xie D, Zhu H. High-Response Room-Temperature NO 2 Sensor and Ultrafast Humidity Sensor Based on SnO 2 with Rich Oxygen Vacancy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13441-13449. [PMID: 30895771 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
SnO2 nanosheets with abundant vacancies (designated as SnO2- x) have been successfully prepared by annealing SnSe nanosheets in Argon. The transmission electron microscopy results of the prepared SnO2 nanosheets indicated that high-density SnO2- x nanoplates with the size of 5-10 nm were distributed on the surface of amorphous carbon. After annealing, the acquired SnO2- x/amorphous carbon retained the square morphology. The stoichiometric ratio of Sn/O = 1:1.55 confirmed that oxygen vacancies were abundant in SnO2 nanosheets. The prepared SnO2- x exhibited excellent performance of sensing NO2 at room temperature. The response of the SnO2- x-based sensor to 5 ppm NO2 was determined to be 16 with the response time and recovery time of 331 and 1057 s, respectively, which is superior to those of most reported room-temperature NO2 sensors based on SnO2 and other materials. When the humidity varied from 30 to 40%, Δ R/ R was 0.025. The ultrafast humidity response (52 ms) and recovery (140 ms) are competitive compared with other state-of-art humidity sensors. According to the mechanistic study, the excellent sensing performance of SnO2- x is attributed to its special structure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - WeiWei Li
- Department of Basic Sciences , Air Force Engineering University , Xi'an 710051 , China
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Ren H, Xiong Z, Wang E, Yuan Z, Sun Y, Zhu K, Wang B, Wang X, Ding H, Liu P, Zhang L, Wu J, Fan S, Li X, Liu K. Watching Dynamic Self-Assembly of Web Buckles in Strained MoS 2 Thin Films. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3106-3116. [PMID: 30776213 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Thin films with large compressive residual stress and low interface adhesion can buckle and delaminate from relatively rigid substrates, which is a common failure mode of film/substrate interfaces. Current studies mainly focused on the geometry of various buckling patterns and related physical origins based on a static point of view. However, fundamental understanding of dynamic propagation of buckles, particularly for the complicated web buckles, remains challenging. We adopt strained two-dimensional MoS2 thin films to study the phenomenon of web buckling because their interface adhesion, namely van der Waals interaction, is naturally low. With a delicately site-controlled initiation, web buckles can be triggered and their dynamic propagation is in situ observed facilely. Finite element modeling shows that the formation of web buckles involves the propagation and multilevel branching of telephone-cord blisters. These buckled semiconducting films can be patterned by spatial confinement and potentially used in diffuse-reflective coatings, microfluidic channels, and hydrogen evolution reaction electrodes. Our work not only reveals the hidden mechanisms and kinematics of propagation of web buckles on rigid substrates but also sheds light on the development of semiconducting devices based on buckling engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Ren
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Zixin Xiong
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Enze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Zhiquan Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Yufei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Kunlei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Bolun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Hanyuan Ding
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Science , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Junqiao Wu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States
| | - Shoushan Fan
- Department of Physics and Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Center for Advanced Mechanics and Materials, Applied Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
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Xie R, Du Q, Zou B, Chen Y, Zhang K, Liu Y, Liang J, Zheng B, Li S, Zhang W, Wu J, Huo F. Wearable Leather-Based Electronics for Respiration Monitoring. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2019; 2:1427-1431. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.9b00082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruijie Xie
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Qinjie Du
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Binghua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Kang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Yihan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Jiayuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Bing Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Weina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
| | - Fengwei Huo
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China
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Lv C, Hu C, Luo J, Liu S, Qiao Y, Zhang Z, Song J, Shi Y, Cai J, Watanabe A. Recent Advances in Graphene-Based Humidity Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E422. [PMID: 30871077 PMCID: PMC6474033 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Humidity sensors are a common, but important type of sensors in our daily life and industrial processing. Graphene and graphene-based materials have shown great potential for detecting humidity due to their ultrahigh specific surface areas, extremely high electron mobility at room temperature, and low electrical noise due to the quality of its crystal lattice and its very high electrical conductivity. However, there are still no specific reviews on the progresses of graphene-based humidity sensors. This review focuses on the recent advances in graphene-based humidity sensors, starting from an introduction on the preparation and properties of graphene materials and the sensing mechanisms of seven types of commonly studied graphene-based humidity sensors, and mainly summarizes the recent advances in the preparation and performance of humidity sensors based on pristine graphene, graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene quantum dots, and a wide variety of graphene based composite materials, including chemical modification, polymer, metal, metal oxide, and other 2D materials. The remaining challenges along with future trends in high-performance graphene-based humidity sensors are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lv
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
| | - Cun Hu
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Junhong Luo
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
| | - Shuai Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Yan Qiao
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Zhi Zhang
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
| | - Jiangfeng Song
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
| | - Yan Shi
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
| | - Jinguang Cai
- Institute of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Jiangyou 621908, China.
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
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Dai J, Zhao H, Lin X, Liu S, Liu Y, Liu X, Fei T, Zhang T. Ultrafast Response Polyelectrolyte Humidity Sensor for Respiration Monitoring. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6483-6490. [PMID: 30672684 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Respiration monitoring is important for evaluating human health. Humidity sensing is a promising way to establish a relationship between human respiration and electrical signal. This work describes polymer humidity sensors with ultrafast response for respiration monitoring. The humidity-sensitive polyelectrolyte is in situ cross-linked on the substrate printed with interdigitated electrodes by a thiol-ene click reaction. The polyelectrolyte humidity sensor shows rapid water adsorption/desorption ability, excellent stability, and repeatability. The sensor with ultrafast response and recovery (0.29/0.47 s) when changing humidity between 33 and 95% shows good application prospects in breath monitoring and touchless sensing. Different respiration patterns can be distinguished, and the breath rate/depth of detection subjects can also be determined by the sensor. In addition, the obtained sensor can sense the skin evaporation in a noncontact way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxun Dai
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Hongran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Xiuzhu Lin
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Sen Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Yunshi Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Xiupeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Teng Fei
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology , Shanghai 200050 , P. R. China
| | - Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory on Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
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