1
|
Piell KM, Petri BJ, Xu J, Cai L, Rai SN, Li M, Wilkey DW, Merchant ML, Cave MC, Klinge CM. Chronic Aroclor 1260 exposure alters the mouse liver proteome, selenoproteins, and metals in steatotic liver disease. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 107:104430. [PMID: 38552755 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) continues to increase due in part to the obesity epidemic and to environmental exposures to metabolism disrupting chemicals. A single gavage exposure of male mice to Aroclor 1260 (Ar1260), an environmentally relevant mixture of non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), resulted in steatohepatitis and altered RNA modifications in selenocysteine tRNA 34 weeks post-exposure. Unbiased approaches identified the liver proteome, selenoproteins, and levels of 25 metals. Ar1260 altered the abundance of 128 proteins. Enrichment analysis of the liver Ar1260 proteome included glutathione metabolism and translation of selenoproteins. Hepatic glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and Selenoprotein O (SELENOO) were increased and Selenoprotein F (SELENOF), Selenoprotein S (SELENOS), Selenium binding protein 2 (SELENBP2) were decreased with Ar1260 exposure. Increased copper, selenium (Se), and zinc and reduced iron levels were detected. These data demonstrate that Ar1260 exposure alters the (seleno)proteome, Se, and metals in MASLD-associated pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Belinda J Petri
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Kentucky IDeA Networks of Biomedical Research Excellence (KY INBRE) Bioinformatics Core, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Jason Xu
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Lu Cai
- Pediatric Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Departments of Radiation Oncology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Daniel W Wilkey
- University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Michael L Merchant
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Hepatobiology and Toxicology Center; University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; The University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA; University of Louisville Center for Integrative Environmental Health Sciences (CIEHS), University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Q, Fan G, Bi J, Qin X, Fang Q, Wu M, Mei S, Wan Z, Lv Y, Song L, Wang Y. Associations of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease among Chinese adults: Effect modification by lifestyle. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117507. [PMID: 37918764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to environmental pollutants and unhealthy lifestyles are key risk factors for metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). While previous studies have suggested links between exposure to organochlorine pesticides (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and MAFLD, the results have been inconsistent. Furthermore, the combined effects of PCBs and OCPs on MAFLD and whether lifestyle factors can modify the associations remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the individual and joint effects of PCBs and OCPs on MAFLD and explore the potential modifying role of lifestyle. The study included 1923 participants from Wuhan, China. MAFLD was diagnosed based on ultrasonically diagnosed hepatic steatosis and the presence of overweight/obese, diabetes mellitus, or metabolic dysregulation. Healthy lifestyle score was determined by smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and diet. Logistic regression and weighted quantile sum (WQS) were used to assess associations of individual and mixture of PCBs/OCPs with MAFLD. To explore the potential lifestyle modification, joint associations of PCBs/OCPs and lifestyle on MAFLD were conducted. Single-pollutant analysis showed positive associations of p,p'-DDE, β-HCH, PCB-153, and PCB-180 with MAFLD, with ORs (95% CIs) of 1.18 (1.05, 1.33), 1.57 (1.20, 2.05), 1.45 (1.14, 1.83), and 1.42 (1.12, 1.80), respectively. WQS regression demonstrated a harmful effect of PCBs/OCPs mixture on MAFLD (OR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.24, 2.43), with β-HCH, p,p'-DDE, and PCB-180 being the major contributors. In the joint association analysis, participants with both high PCBs/OCPs exposure and unhealthy lifestyle have the highest odds of MAFLD. In conclusion, exposure to the mixture of PCBs and OCPs was positively correlated with MAFLD, and adopting a healthy lifestyle can mitigate the adverse impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Liu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Gaojie Fan
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jianing Bi
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xiya Qin
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qing Fang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Mingyang Wu
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Surong Mei
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengce Wan
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yongman Lv
- Health Management Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lulu Song
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| | - Youjie Wang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, HangKong Road 13, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, And State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Balcı Özyurt A, Erkekoğlu P, Zeybek ND, Aşcı A, Yaman Ü, Oflaz O, Kızılgün M, İşcan E, Batur T, Öztürk M, Koçer-Gümüşel B. Toxic effects of Aroclor 1254 on rat liver and modifying roles of selenium. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1289-1304. [PMID: 37309736 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2223470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used in different industrial areas and banned due to their high toxicity. Aroclor 1254 (A1254), commercial PCB congener, accumulates in environment leading to high human exposure. A1254 may cause hepatotoxicity, metabolic and endocrine disorders. In our study, 3-week-old male rats were separated into 6 groups: C (0.15 mg/kg Se in diet); SeS (1 mg/kg Se in diet); SeD (0.05 mg/kg Se in diet); A1254 receiving groups (A; ASeS; ASeD) were given 10 mg/kg/day A1254 orally for last 15 days of feeding period with control, SeD or SeS diet, respectively, for 5 weeks. Histopathology, oxidant/antioxidant balance, apoptosis and cell cycle proteins (p53, p21) in liver were evaluated. Our results suggest that A1254 leads to changes in histology, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Selenium deficiency augments oxidative stress and apoptosis while selenium supplementation is partially protective. More mechanistic in vivo experiments are necessary for evaluation of hepatotoxicity of PCBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Balcı Özyurt
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Bahçeşehir University, İ̇stanbul, Turkey
| | - Pınar Erkekoğlu
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naciye Dilara Zeybek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ali Aşcı
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ünzile Yaman
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, İ̇zmir Katip Çelebi University, İ̇zmir, Turkey
| | - Ofcan Oflaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Murat Kızılgün
- Gulhane Faculty of Medicine, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Evin İşcan
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Batur
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center, Izmir, Turkey
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öztürk
- Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
- Galen Research Center, İ̇zmir Tinaztepe University, İ̇zmir, Turkey
| | - Belma Koçer-Gümüşel
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gao J, Xu Y, Zhong T, Yu X, Wang L, Xiao Y, Peng Y, Sun Q. A review of food contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and its toxicity associated with metabolic disorders. Curr Res Food Sci 2023; 7:100617. [PMID: 37881334 PMCID: PMC10594546 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dioxins are a group of chemicals not only regarded as highly toxic trace environmental contaminants, but also considered typical contaminants in food. Dioxins spread across the ecosystem after factory manufacture, contaminate the soil and vegetation before either directly or indirectly entering the food chain through meat products, dairy products, and aquatic products. The compound in question poses a challenge for metabolic processes within the human body, due to its intricate mechanism for inducing diseases. Therefore, it presents a significant risk and is largely undisclosed. Dioxins are mainly exposed to humans by water, food, and air, as well as inducing organ failure and metabolic disorders through but not limited to the activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR). As a notorious compound in the family of dioxins, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exhibits long-term toxic effects on diverse organs, which induces continuous metabolic disorders. This review discussed the mechanisms of TCDD-associated metabolic syndrome. The expression of the cytochrome P450 subfamily transfers TCDD into liver, promotes its accumulation in fat tissue, and affects cholesterol metabolism. This process also alters the glucose tolerance of the human organism, disrupting glucose metabolism. It can also elicit cardiovascular pathogenesis, exacerbate liver fibrosis and neuronal death. The long-term metabolic impact of this effect is found to be sex-related. This review summarized the toxicity of TCDD on the human metabolism system and discussed the plausible correlation between TCDD and five metabolic disorders, which helped offer novel insights for future research and therapeutic interventions for these ailments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiuhe Gao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yuqing Xu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Tian Zhong
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ling Wang
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Ye Peng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Quancai Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, College of Health and Human Sciences, Florida State University, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hammoudeh N, Soukkarieh C, Murphy DJ, Hanano A. Female-to-male differential transcription patterns of miRNA-mRNA networks in the livers of dioxin-exposed mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2310-2331. [PMID: 37318321 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in regulating the expression of liver mRNAs in response to xenobiotic-exposure, but their roles concerning dioxins such as TCDD (2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) are less clear. This report concerns the potential implication of liver (class I) and circulating (class II) miRNAs in hepatotoxicity of female and male mice after acute exposure to TCDD. The data show that, of a total of 38 types of miRNAs, the expression of eight miRNAs were upregulated in both female and male mice exposed to TCDD. Inversely, the expression of nine miRNAs were significantly downregulated in both animal genders. Moreover, certain miRNAs were preferentially induced in either females or males. The potential downstream regulatory effects of miRNAs on their target genes was evaluated by determining the expression of three group of genes that are potentially involved in cancer biogenesis, other diseases and in hepatotoxicity. It was found that certain cancer-related genes were more highly expressed females rather than males after exposure to TCDD. Furthermore, a paradoxical female-to-male transcriptional pattern was found for several disease-related and hepatotoxicity-related genes. These results suggest the possibility of developing of new miRNA-specific interfering molecules to address their dysfunctions as caused by TCDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nour Hammoudeh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Chadi Soukkarieh
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Damascus, Damascus, Syria
| | - Denis J Murphy
- School of Applied Sciences, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Abdulsamie Hanano
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Atomic Energy Commission of Syria (AECS), Damascus, Syria
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Furue M, Ishii Y, Tsukimori K, Tsuji G. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Dioxin-Related Health Hazards-Lessons from Yusho. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020708. [PMID: 33445793 PMCID: PMC7828254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poisoning by high concentrations of dioxin and its related compounds manifests variable toxic symptoms such as general malaise, chloracne, hyperpigmentation, sputum and cough, paresthesia or numbness of the extremities, hypertriglyceridemia, perinatal abnormalities, and elevated risks of cancer-related mortality. Such health hazards are observed in patients with Yusho (oil disease in Japanese) who had consumed rice bran oil highly contaminated with 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran, polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated quaterphenyls in 1968. The blood concentrations of these congeners in patients with Yusho remain extremely elevated 50 years after onset. Dioxins exert their toxicity via aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this review article, we discuss the pathogenic implication of AHR in dioxin-induced health hazards. We also mention the potential therapeutic use of herbal drugs targeting AHR and ROS in patients with Yusho.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masutaka Furue
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-642-5581; Fax: +81-92-642-5600
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Division of Pharmaceutical Cell Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Kiyomi Tsukimori
- Department of Obstetrics, Perinatal Center, Fukuoka Children’s Hospital, Fukuoka 813-0017, Japan;
| | - Gaku Tsuji
- Research and Clinical Center for Yusho and Dioxin, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shan A, Leng L, Li J, Luo XM, Fan YJ, Yang Q, Xie QH, Chen YS, Ni CS, Guo LM, Tang H, Chen X, Tang NJ. TCDD-induced antagonism of MEHP-mediated migration and invasion partly involves aryl hydrocarbon receptor in MCF7 breast cancer cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 398:122869. [PMID: 33027880 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that the activation of AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) can promote cancer cell metastasis. However, limited studies have been carried out on mixed exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), especially in human breast cancer. Therefore, using MCF7 human breast cancer cells, we investigated the effects of coexposure to MEHP (mono 2-ethylhexyl phthalate) and TCDD (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin) on cell migration and invasion, as well as the roles of AhR and the MMP/slug pathway. Our data suggest that MEHP or TCDD can induce migration and invasion in MCF7 cells, and the promotion is partly AhR dependent. We also observed that MEHP antagonized TCDD to reduce AhR-mediated CYP1A1 expression. Subsequently, we revealed that MEHP recruited AhR to dioxin response element (DRE) sequences and decreased TCDD-induced AhR-DRE binding in CYP1A1 genes. Overall, MEHP is a potential AHR agonist, capable of decreasing TCDD-induced AhR-DRE binding in CYP1A1 genes. The antagonizing effect of coexposure led to the inhibition of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MCF7 cells. Our study provides new evidence for the potential mechanisms involved in EDCs exposure and their interactions in EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Shan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ling Leng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Luo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Ya-Jiao Fan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Qiaoyun Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Qun-Hui Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Yang-Sheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Chun-Sheng Ni
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Li-Ming Guo
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Hua Tang
- Tianjin Life Science Research Center, Department of Pathogen Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| | - Nai-Jun Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin 300070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo- p-dioxin (TCDD) and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Coexposure Alters the Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in the Liver Associated with Atherosclerosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:2652756. [PMID: 32855961 PMCID: PMC7443005 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2652756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNAs that regulate gene expression. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that exist as complex mixtures in vivo. When humans are simultaneously exposed to these compounds, the development of atherosclerosis is known to be enhanced. However, the roles of miRNA in TCDD- and PCB-induced atherosclerosis are largely unknown. Therefore, the present study is aimed at elucidating the possible dysregulation of miRNAs in atherogenesis induced by coexposure to TCDD and PCBs. Eight-week-old male ApoE−/− mice were coexposed to TCDD (15 μg/kg) and Aroclor1254 (55 mg/kg, a representative mixture of PCBs) by intraperitoneal injection four times over a 6-week period. Microarray analysis of miRNAs and mRNAs in the liver of ApoE−/− mice with or without TCDD and Aroclor1254 coexposure was performed. We discovered that 68 miRNAs and 1312 mRNAs exhibited significant expression changes in response to TCDD and PCB coexposure and revealed that both changed miRNAs and mRNAs are involved in cardiovascular disease processes. An integrated miRNA-mRNA approach indicated that miRNA-26a-5p, miRNA-193a-3p, and miRNA-30c-5p participated in specific TCDD and Aroclor1254 coresponsive networks which are relevant to the cardiovascular system development and function network. Furthermore, our results also indicated that miRNA-130a-3p and miRNA-376a-3p were novel players in the regulation of TCDD- and Aroclor1254-induced atherosclerosis pathways. In summary, our finding provided new insights into the mechanism of atherosclerosis in response to TCDD and PCB coexposure.
Collapse
|
9
|
Shan Q, Chen N, Liu W, Qu F, Chen A. Exposure to 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development in C57BL/6 mice. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 263:114563. [PMID: 32304952 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies have indicated that 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156) may be a new contributor to metabolic disruption and may further cause the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no study has clarified the specific contributions of PCB 156 to NAFLD progression by constructing an in vivo model. Herein, we evaluated the effects of PCB 156 treatment (55 mg/kg, i.p.) on the livers of C57BL/6 mice fed a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed that PCB 156 administration increased intra-abdominal fat mass, hepatic lipid levels and dyslipidemia in the CD-fed group and aggravated NAFLD in HFD-fed group. By using transcriptomics studies and biological methods, we found that the genes expression involved in lipid metabolism pathways, such as lipogenesis, lipid accumulation and lipid β-oxidation, was greatly altered in liver tissues exposed to PCB 156. In addition, the cytochrome P450 pathway, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and the glutathione metabolism pathway were significantly activated following exposure to PCB 156. Furthermore, PCB 156 exposure increased serum transaminase levels and lipid peroxidation, and the redox-related genes were significantly dysregulated in liver tissue. In conclusion, our data suggested that PCB 156 could promote NAFLD development by altering the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and inducing oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Ningning Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Fan Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Anhui Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Food Resource Development and Quality Safe, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ruan J, Guo J, Huang Y, Mao Y, Yang Z, Zuo Z. Adolescent exposure to environmental level of PCBs (Aroclor 1254) induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in male mice. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 181:108909. [PMID: 31776016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants found in various environmental media, and there is growing evidence that PCBs may contribute to the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The purposes of this study were to investigate whether environmental level of Aroclor 1254 (a commercial mixture of PCBs) exposure to adolescent male mice could induce the development of NAFLD and the mechanisms involved. Twenty-one-day-old male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to Aroclor 1254 (0.5-500 μg/kg body weight) by oral gavage once every third day for 60 days. The results showed that exposure to Aroclor 1254 increased body weight and decreased the liver-somatic index in a dose-dependent manner. Aroclor 1254 administration increased lipid accumulation in the liver and induced the mRNA expression of genes associated with lipogenesis, including acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (Acc1), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2 (Acc2) and fatty acid synthase (Fasn). Moreover, Aroclor 1254 decreased peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) signaling and lipid oxidation. In addition, we found that Aroclor 1254 administration induced oxidative stress in mouse liver and elevated the protein level of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), an inflammatory molecule, possibly via the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inositol-requiring enzyme 1α-X-box-binding protein-1 (IRE1α-XBP1) pathway, but not the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway. In summary, adolescent exposure to environmental level of PCBs stimulated oxidative stress, ER stress and the inflammatory response and caused NAFLD in male mice. This work provides new insight into the idea that adolescent exposure to environmental level of PCBs might induce the development of NAFLD under the regulation of ER stress in males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jiaojiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Yameng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Yunzi Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Zhenggang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Zhenghong Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chen N, Shan Q, Qi Y, Liu W, Tan X, Gu J. Transcriptome analysis in normal human liver cells exposed to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 239:124747. [PMID: 31514003 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Polychlorinated biphenyls are persistent environmental pollutants associated with the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans, but there is limited information on the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we investigated the alterations in gene expression profiles in normal human liver cells L-02 following exposure to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156), a potent compound that may induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. METHODS The L-02 cells were exposed to PCB 156 for 72 h and the contents of intracellular triacylglyceride and total cholesterol were subsequently measured. Microarray analysis of mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in the cells was also performed after 3.4 μM PCB 156 treatment. RESULTS Exposure to PCB 156 (3.4 μM, 72 h) resulted in significant increases of triacylglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in L-02 cells. Microarray analysis identified 222 differentially expressed mRNAs and 628 differentially expressed lncRNAs. Gene Ontology and pathway analyses associated the differentially expressed mRNAs with metabolic and inflammatory processes. Moreover, lncRNA-mRNA co-expression network revealed 36 network pairs comprising 10 differentially expressed mRNAs and 34 dysregulated lncRNAs. The results of bioinformatics analysis further indicated that dysregulated lncRNA NONHSAT174696, lncRNA NONHSAT179219, and lncRNA NONHSAT161887, as the regulators of EDAR, CYP1B1, and ALDH3A1 respectively, played an important role in the PCB 156-induced lipid metabolism disorder. CONCLUSION Our findings provide an overview of differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in L-02 cells exposed to PCB 156, and contribute to the field of polychlorinated biphenyl-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Qiuli Shan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
| | - Yu Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco-Toxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Xiaojun Tan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jinsong Gu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wahlang B, Jin J, Beier JI, Hardesty JE, Daly EF, Schnegelberger RD, Falkner KC, Prough RA, Kirpich IA, Cave MC. Mechanisms of Environmental Contributions to Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 2019; 6:80-94. [PMID: 31134516 PMCID: PMC6698418 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-019-00232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Fatty liver disease (FLD) affects over 25% of the global population and may lead to liver-related mortality due to cirrhosis and liver cancer. FLD caused by occupational and environmental chemical exposures is termed "toxicant-associated steatohepatitis" (TASH). The current review addresses the scientific progress made in the mechanistic understanding of TASH since its initial description in 2010. RECENT FINDINGS Recently discovered modes of actions for volatile organic compounds and persistent organic pollutants include the following: (i) the endocrine-, metabolism-, and signaling-disrupting chemical hypotheses; (ii) chemical-nutrient interactions and the "two-hit" hypothesis. These key hypotheses were then reviewed in the context of the steatosis adverse outcome pathway (AOP) proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The conceptual understanding of the contribution of environmental exposures to FLD has progressed significantly. However, because this is a new research area, more studies including mechanistic human data are required to address current knowledge gaps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Banrida Wahlang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Juliane I Beier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Liver Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Josiah E Hardesty
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Erica F Daly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Regina D Schnegelberger
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - K Cameron Falkner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Russell A Prough
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Irina A Kirpich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology COBRE Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Matthew C Cave
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- University of Louisville Superfund Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Hepatobiology & Toxicology COBRE Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- The Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, KY, 40206, USA.
- The Jewish Hospital Liver Transplant Program, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Kosair Charities Clinical & Translational Research Building, 505 South Hancock Street, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Su S, Wu G, Cheng X, Fan J, Peng J, Su H, Xu Z, Cao M, Long Z, Hao Y, Li G, Li S, Hai C, Wang X. Oleanolic acid attenuates PCBs-induced adiposity and insulin resistance via HNF1b-mediated regulation of redox and PPARγ signaling. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 124:122-134. [PMID: 29879443 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure is closely associated with obesity and diabetes. However, the mechanism of PCBs-induced adiposity and insulin resistance is not clear and the intervention is limited. We have found that oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural triterpenoid, possessing antioxidant and anti-diabetic activity, and hepatocyte nuclear factor 1b (HNF1b) is an important regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of OA on Aroclor 1254-induced adiposity and insulin resistance and explore the possible involvement of HNF1b. We showed that OA significantly attenuated Aroclor 1254-induced insulin resistance and abnormal changes of glucose and lipid parameters. OA inhibited the increase of adipose weight and adipocyte size in Aroclor 1254-treated mice and repressed adipocyte differentiation in vitro. In addition, OA markedly inhibited Aroclor 1254-induced increase of ROS, oxidant products, NOX4 expression, decrease of SOD1, SOD2, GCLC, GCLM and Gpx1 expression, and increase of PPARγ signaling. Aroclor 1254 resulted in a decrease of HNF1b expression in adipose of mice and adipocytes, which was inhibited by OA. Upregulation of HNF1b blocked Aroclor 1254-induced oxidative stress, adipocyte differentiation and insulin resistance. Downregulation of HNF1b inhibited OA-induced protective effects against Aroclor 1254-associated oxidative stress, adipocyte differentiation and insulin resistance. The antioxidant Vitamin C reduced Aroclor 1254-induced ROS generation in vitro, but had no significant effect on HNF1b expression, oxidative stress and metabolic dysfunction in vivo. OA could inhibit PCBs mixture-induced oxidative injury and glucose/lipid metabolic dysfunction via HNF1b-mediated regulation of redox homeostasis. Our data suggest that HNF1b is a new on/off switch of redox homeostasis and OA-stimulated HNF1b-endogenous antioxidant activity is a potential option for the intervention of PCBs exposure-related adiposity and insulin resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhao Su
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Guangyuan Wu
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaodong Cheng
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Junshu Fan
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jie Peng
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Hongfei Su
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zhongrui Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Zi Long
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yiming Hao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Ge Li
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Shuang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Chengdu Military General Hospital, Chengdu 610083, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Chunxu Hai
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Shaanxi Key Lab of Free Radical Biology and Medicine, School of Public Health, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deierlein AL, Rock S, Park S. Persistent Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Fatty Liver Disease. Curr Environ Health Rep 2018; 4:439-449. [PMID: 28980219 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-017-0166-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prominent chronic liver disease in Western countries, affecting approximately 25% of the population worldwide. Sex-specific differences in the development of NAFLD are apparent. While obesity and insulin resistance are major contributors to the increasing prevalence of NAFLD, a growing body of literature suggests that exposure to persistent endocrine-disrupting chemicals (pEDCs) may also play a role. This review summarizes recent (2011 and later) scientific literature investigating exposures to pEDCs, specifically persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and NAFLD, with a focus on sex-specific associations. RECENT FINDINGS The overwhelming majority of studies were conducted in single-sex animal models and provide biological evidence that exposures to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin polychlorinated biphenyls, and other POPs or POP mixtures are negatively associated with liver health. There were four cross-sectional epidemiological studies in humans that reported associations for several POPs, including polychlorinated biphenyls and perfluorinated chemicals, with elevated liver enzymes. Only one of these studies, using a sample of gastric bypass surgery patients, examined sex-specific associations of POPs and liver enzymes, finding adverse associations among women only. The noticeable lack of studies investigating how differences (i.e., biochemical, physiological, and behavioral) between men and women may influence associations of pEDCs and NAFLD represents a large research gap in environmental health. Sexual dimorphism in metabolic processes throughout the body, including the liver, is established but often overlooked in the designs and analyses of studies. Other factors identified in this review that may also act to modulate associations of environmental chemicals and NAFLD are reproductive status and dietary nutrient intakes, which also remain understudied in the literature. Despite knowledge of sexual dimorphism in the actions of pEDCs, as well as in metabolic processes related to NAFLD development, few experimental or epidemiological studies have investigated sex-dependent associations. Future studies, especially those in humans, should be designed to address this research need. Consideration of other factors, such as reproductive status, dietary intakes, and mixtures of chemicals with varying endocrine-disrupting capabilities, should be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Deierlein
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, 715/719 Broadway 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Sarah Rock
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, 715/719 Broadway 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Sally Park
- College of Global Public Health, New York University, 715/719 Broadway 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lang AL, Chen L, Poff GD, Ding WX, Barnett RA, Arteel GE, Beier JI. Vinyl chloride dysregulates metabolic homeostasis and enhances diet-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatol Commun 2018; 2:270-284. [PMID: 29507902 PMCID: PMC5831023 DOI: 10.1002/hep4.1151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vinyl chloride (VC), a common industrial organochlorine and environmental pollutant, has been shown to directly cause hepatic angiosarcoma and toxicant‐associated steatohepatitis at high exposure levels. However, the impact of lower concentrations of VC on the progression of underlying liver diseases (e.g., nonalcoholic fatty liver disease [NAFLD]) is unclear. Given the high prevalence of NAFLD in the United States (and worldwide) population, this is an important concern. Recent studies by our group with VC metabolites suggest a potential interaction between VC exposure and underlying liver disease to cause enhanced damage. Here, a novel mouse model determined the effects of VC inhalation at levels below the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration limit (<1 ppm) in the context of NAFLD to better mimic human exposure and identify potential mechanisms of VC‐induced liver injury. VC exposure caused no overt liver injury in mice fed a low‐fat diet. However, in mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD), VC significantly increased liver damage, steatosis, and increased neutrophil infiltration. Moreover, VC further enhanced HFD‐induced oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Importantly, VC exposure dysregulated energy homeostasis and impaired mitochondrial function, even in mice fed a low‐fat diet. In toto, the results indicate that VC exposure causes metabolic stress that sensitizes the liver to steatohepatitis caused by HFD. Conclusion: The hypothesis that low‐level (below the Occupational Safety and Health Administration limit) chronic exposure to VC by inhalation enhances liver injury caused by an HFD is supported. Importantly, our data raise concerns about the potential for overlap between fatty diets (i.e., Western diet) and exposure to VC and the health implications of this co‐exposure for humans. It also emphasizes that current safety restrictions may be insufficient to account for other factors that can influence hepatotoxicity. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:270‐284)
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Lang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY
| | - Liya Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY
| | - Gavin D Poff
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY
| | - Wen-Xing Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS
| | - Russel A Barnett
- Kentucky Institute for the Environment and Sustainable Development University of Louisville Louisville KY
| | - Gavin E Arteel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY
| | - Juliane I Beier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,Hepatobiology and Toxicology Program University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY.,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center University of Louisville Health Sciences Center Louisville KY
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
A growing epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is paralleling the increase in the incidence of obesity and diabetes mellitus in countries that consume a Western diet. As NAFLD can lead to life-threatening conditions such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, an understanding of the factors that trigger its development and pathological progression is needed. Although by definition this disease is not associated with alcohol consumption, exposure to environmental agents that have been linked to other diseases might have a role in the development of NAFLD. Here, we focus on one class of these agents, endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), and their potential to influence the initiation and progression of a cascade of pathological conditions associated with hepatic steatosis (fatty liver). Experimental studies have revealed several potential mechanisms by which EDC exposure might contribute to disease pathogenesis, including the modulation of nuclear hormone receptor function and the alteration of the epigenome. However, many questions remain to be addressed about the causal link between acute and chronic EDC exposure and the development of NAFLD in humans. Future studies that address these questions hold promise not only for understanding the linkage between EDC exposure and liver disease but also for elucidating the molecular mechanisms that underpin NAFLD, which in turn could facilitate the development of new prevention and treatment opportunities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles E Foulds
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Lindsey S Treviño
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Brian York
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine
| | - Cheryl L Walker
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Duval C, Teixeira-Clerc F, Leblanc AF, Touch S, Emond C, Guerre-Millo M, Lotersztajn S, Barouki R, Aggerbeck M, Coumoul X. Chronic Exposure to Low Doses of Dioxin Promotes Liver Fibrosis Development in the C57BL/6J Diet-Induced Obesity Mouse Model. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:428-436. [PMID: 27713108 PMCID: PMC5332187 DOI: 10.1289/ehp316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) has been associated with the progression of chronic liver diseases, yet the contribution of POPs to the development of fibrosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a condition closely linked to obesity, remains poorly documented. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of subchronic exposure to low doses of the POP 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), an aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligand, on NAFLD progression in diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. METHODS Male C57BL/6J mice were fed either a 10% low-fat (LFD) or a 45% high-fat (HFD) purified diet for 14 weeks and TCDD-exposed groups were injected once a week with 5 μg/kg TCDD or the vehicle for the last 6 weeks of the diet. RESULTS Liver histology and triglyceride levels showed that exposure of HFD fed mice to TCDD worsened hepatic steatosis, as compared to either HFD alone or LFD plus TCDD and the mRNA levels of key genes of hepatic lipid metabolism were strongly altered in co-treated mice. Further, increased liver collagen staining and serum transaminase levels showed that TCDD induced liver fibrosis in the HFD fed mice. TCDD in LFD fed mice increased the expression of several inflammation and fibrosis marker genes with no additional effect from a HFD. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to TCDD amplifies the impairment of liver functions observed in mice fed an enriched fat diet as compared to a low fat diet. The results provide new evidence that environmental pollutants promote the development of liver fibrosis in obesity-related NAFLD in C57BL/6J mice. Citation: Duval C, Teixeira-Clerc F, Leblanc AF, Touch S, Emond C, Guerre-Millo M, Lotersztajn S, Barouki R, Aggerbeck M, Coumoul X. 2017. Chronic exposure to low doses of dioxin promotes liver fibrosis development in the C57BL/6J diet-induced obesity mouse model. Environ Health Perspect 125:428-436; http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/EHP316.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Duval
- INSERM UMR (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche)-S1124, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, ComUE (Communauté d’universités et d’établissements), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Fatima Teixeira-Clerc
- INSERM UMR-S955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Alix F. Leblanc
- INSERM UMR (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche)-S1124, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, ComUE (Communauté d’universités et d’établissements), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Sothea Touch
- INSERM UMR-S1166, Paris, France
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Claude Emond
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Sophie Lotersztajn
- INSERM UMR-S955, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Créteil, France
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Robert Barouki
- INSERM UMR (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche)-S1124, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, ComUE (Communauté d’universités et d’établissements), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP (Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | - Martine Aggerbeck
- INSERM UMR (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche)-S1124, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, ComUE (Communauté d’universités et d’établissements), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM UMR (Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche)-S1124, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, ComUE (Communauté d’universités et d’établissements), Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Address correspondence to X. Coumoul, INSERM UMR-S1124, Université Paris Descartes, 45 rue des Saints-Pères, 75006 Paris, France. Telephone: 33142863359. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lefever DE, Xu J, Chen Y, Huang G, Tamas N, Guo TL. TCDD modulation of gut microbiome correlated with liver and immune toxicity in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hyperglycemic mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 304:48-58. [PMID: 27221631 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence has shown the important role of the gut microbiome in mediating toxicity following environmental contaminant exposure. The goal of this study was to determine if the adverse metabolic effects of chronic 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure would be sufficient to exacerbate hyperglycemia, and to further determine if these outcomes were attributable to the gut microbiota alteration. Adult male CD-1 mice were exposed to TCDD (6μg/kg body weight biweekly) by gavage and injected (i.p.) with STZ (4×50mg/kg body weight) to induced hyperglycemia. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the changes in the microbiome community composition. Glucose monitoring, flow cytometry, histopathology, and organ characterization were performed to determine the deleterious phenotypic changes of TCDD exposure. Chronic TCDD treatment did not appear to exacerbate STZ-induced hyperglycemia as blood glucose levels were slightly reduced in the TCDD treated mice; however, polydipsia and polyphagia were observed. Importantly, TCDD exposure caused a dramatic change in microbiota structure, as characterized at the phylum level by increasing Firmicutes and decreasing Bacteroidetes while at the family level most notably by increasing Lactobacillaceae and Desulfovibrionaceae, and decreasing Prevotellaceae and ACK M1. The changes in microbiota were further found to be broadly associated with phenotypic changes seen from chronic TCDD treatment. In particular, the phylum level Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes ratio negatively correlated with both liver weight and liver pathology, and positively associated with %CD3(+)NK(+) T cells, a key mediator of host-microbial interactions. Collectively, these findings suggest that the dysregulated gut microbiome may contribute to the deleterious effects (e.g., liver toxicity) seen with TCDD exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Lefever
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States
| | - Joella Xu
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States
| | - Yingjia Chen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States
| | - Guannan Huang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States
| | - Nagy Tamas
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States
| | - Tai L Guo
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Diagnostic Imaging, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7382, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jasso-Pineda Y, Díaz-Barriga F, Yáñez-Estrada L, Pérez-Vázquez FJ, Pérez-Maldonado IN. DNA damage in Mexican children living in high-risk contaminated scenarios. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 518-519:38-48. [PMID: 25747362 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage (as a biomarker of biological effects) in children living in areas at high risk of contamination in Mexico using the comet assay. The alkaline comet assay was performed in order to assess DNA damage levels in blood cells of 276 children living in eleven communities in four states of Mexico. Moreover, levels of arsenic and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in urine and lead and total DDT [sum of 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) and 1,1-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT)] in blood were quantified. We found urinary 1-OHP levels between <LOD and 14.5 μmol/mol creatinine; for arsenic, the urinary levels were 3.5-180 μg/g creatinine (range). Lead levels in blood ranged from 0.5 to 24 μg/dL and finally, the levels of total DDT (DDE and DDT) ranged from <LOD to 32,000 ng/g lipid. Regarding DNA damage (comet assay), the most important finding in our study was that children exposed to a chemical mixture [high levels of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and DDT were found] had the significant highest DNA damage level (p<0.05) in their blood cells (olive tail moment=7.5±3.5), when compared with DNA damage levels in children living in the other scenarios assessed in this work. Finally, significant correlations were observed between urinary arsenic levels (r=0.32, p<0.05); urinary 1-OHP levels (r=0.65, p<0.01); total DDT in blood levels (r=0.59, p<0.01) and DNA damage. In conclusion, the data indicates that children living in areas which are at high risk of contamination showed high levels of biomarkers of exposure in urine or blood. Moreover, the exposure levels contribute to DNA damage and suggest an increased health risk in studied sites at risk of great pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Jasso-Pineda
- Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Fernando Díaz-Barriga
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | | | - Francisco Javier Pérez-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - Ivan Nelinho Pérez-Maldonado
- Laboratorio de Toxicología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Coordinación para la Innovación y Aplicación de la Ciencia y la Tecnología (CIACYT), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico; Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Media, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qian Y, Zhang S, Guo W, Ma J, Chen Y, Wang L, Zhao M, Liu S. Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Inhibit Hepcidin Expression through an Estrogen-Like Effect Associated with Disordered Systemic Iron Homeostasis. Chem Res Toxicol 2015; 28:629-40. [DOI: 10.1021/tx500428r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qian
- College
of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Shuping Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Institute
for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Wenli Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Juan Ma
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yue Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lei Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- College
of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China
| | - Sijin Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research
Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| |
Collapse
|