1
|
The Roles of Exosomes in Metastasis of Sarcoma: From Biomarkers to Therapeutic Targets. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030456. [PMID: 36979391 PMCID: PMC10046038 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcoma is a heterogeneous group of mesenchymal neoplasms with a high rate of lung metastasis. The cellular mechanisms responsible for sarcoma metastasis remain poorly understood. Furthermore, there are limited efficacious therapeutic strategies for treating metastatic sarcoma. Improved diagnostic and therapeutic modalities are of increasing importance for the treatment of sarcoma due to their high mortality in the advanced stages of the disease. Recent evidence demonstrates that the exosome, a type of extracellular vesicle released by virtually all cells in the body, is an important facilitator of intercellular communication between the cells and the surrounding environment. The exosome is gaining significant attention among the medical research community, but there is little knowledge about how the exosome affects sarcoma metastasis. In this review, we summarize the multifaceted roles of sarcoma-derived exosomes in promoting the process of metastasis via the formation of pre-metastatic niche (PMN), the regulation of immunity, angiogenesis, vascular permeability, and the migration of sarcoma cells. We also highlight the potential of exosomes as innovative diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets in sarcoma metastasis.
Collapse
|
2
|
Hunter EJ, Hamaia SW, Kim PSK, Malcor JDM, Farndale RW. The effects of inhibition and siRNA knockdown of collagen-binding integrins on human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration and tube formation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21601. [PMID: 36517525 PMCID: PMC9751114 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25937-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood vessels in the body are lined with endothelial cells which have vital roles in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Collagens are major constituents of the extracellular matrix, and many adherent cells express several collagen-binding adhesion receptors. Here, we study the endothelium-collagen interactions mediated by the collagen-binding integrins, α1β1, α2β1, α10β1 and α11β1 expressed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Using qPCR, we found expression of the α10 transcript of the chondrocyte integrin, α10β1, along with the more abundant α2, and low-level expression of α1. The α11 transcript was not detected. Inhibition or siRNA knockdown of the α2-subunit resulted in impaired HUVEC adhesion, spreading and migration on collagen-coated surfaces, whereas inhibition or siRNA knockdown of α1 had no effect on these processes. In tube formation assays, inhibition of either α1 or α2 subunits impaired the network complexity, whereas siRNA knockdown of these integrins had no such effect. Knockdown of α10 had no effect on cell spreading, migration or tube formation in these conditions. Overall, our results indicate that the collagen-binding integrins, α1β1 and α2β1 play a central role in endothelial cell motility and self-organisation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma J Hunter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
- Stem Cell and Brain Research Institute, Université Lyon 1, INSERM U1208, 18 Avenue Doyen Lépine, 69500, Bron, France
| | - Samir W Hamaia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Peter S-K Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Jean-Daniel M Malcor
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et Ingénierie Thérapeutique, UMS3444 BioSciences Gerland-Lyon Sud, UMR5305, CNRS/Université Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Richard W Farndale
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge, CB2 1QW, UK.
- CambCol Laboratories Ltd, 18 Oak Lane, Littleport, Ely, CB6 1QZ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cocola C, Magnaghi V, Abeni E, Pelucchi P, Martino V, Vilardo L, Piscitelli E, Consiglio A, Grillo G, Mosca E, Gualtierotti R, Mazzaccaro D, La Sala G, Di Pietro C, Palizban M, Liuni S, DePedro G, Morara S, Nano G, Kehler J, Greve B, Noghero A, Marazziti D, Bussolino F, Bellipanni G, D'Agnano I, Götte M, Zucchi I, Reinbold R. Transmembrane Protein TMEM230, a Target of Glioblastoma Therapy. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:703431. [PMID: 34867197 PMCID: PMC8636015 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.703431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastomas (GBM) are the most aggressive tumors originating in the brain. Histopathologic features include circuitous, disorganized, and highly permeable blood vessels with intermittent blood flow. These features contribute to the inability to direct therapeutic agents to tumor cells. Known targets for anti-angiogenic therapies provide minimal or no effect in overall survival of 12–15 months following diagnosis. Identification of novel targets therefore remains an important goal for effective treatment of highly vascularized tumors such as GBM. We previously demonstrated in zebrafish that a balanced level of expression of the transmembrane protein TMEM230/C20ORF30 was required to maintain normal blood vessel structural integrity and promote proper vessel network formation. To investigate whether TMEM230 has a role in the pathogenesis of GBM, we analyzed its prognostic value in patient tumor gene expression datasets and performed cell functional analysis. TMEM230 was found necessary for growth of U87-MG cells, a model of human GBM. Downregulation of TMEM230 resulted in loss of U87 migration, substratum adhesion, and re-passaging capacity. Conditioned media from U87 expressing endogenous TMEM230 induced sprouting and tubule-like structure formation of HUVECs. Moreover, TMEM230 promoted vascular mimicry-like behavior of U87 cells. Gene expression analysis of 702 patients identified that TMEM230 expression levels distinguished high from low grade gliomas. Transcriptomic analysis of patients with gliomas revealed molecular pathways consistent with properties observed in U87 cell assays. Within low grade gliomas, elevated TMEM230 expression levels correlated with reduced overall survival independent from tumor subtype. Highest level of TMEM230 correlated with glioblastoma and ATP-dependent microtubule kinesin motor activity, providing a direction for future therapeutic intervention. Our studies support that TMEM230 has both glial tumor and endothelial cell intracellular and extracellular functions. Elevated levels of TMEM230 promote glial tumor cell migration, extracellular scaffold remodeling, and hypervascularization and abnormal formation of blood vessels. Downregulation of TMEM230 expression may inhibit both low grade glioma and glioblastoma tumor progression and promote normalization of abnormally formed blood vessels. TMEM230 therefore is both a promising anticancer and antiangiogenic therapeutic target for inhibiting GBM tumor cells and tumor-driven angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Cocola
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy.,Consorzio Italbiotec, Milan, Italy
| | - Valerio Magnaghi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Edoardo Abeni
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Paride Pelucchi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Martino
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Vilardo
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Eleonora Piscitelli
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Arianna Consiglio
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Grillo
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Ettore Mosca
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Gualtierotti
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Mazzaccaro
- Operative Unit of Vascular Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Gina La Sala
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Di Pietro
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Mira Palizban
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sabino Liuni
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppina DePedro
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Nano
- Operative Unit of Vascular Surgery, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - James Kehler
- National Institutes of Health, NIDDK, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Burkhard Greve
- Department of Radiation Therapy and Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Alessio Noghero
- Lovelace Biomedical Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, United States.,Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Daniela Marazziti
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Italian National Research Council, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Bussolino
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy.,Laboratory of Vascular Oncology Candiolo Cancer Institute - IRCCS, Candiolo, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Bellipanni
- Department of Biology, Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Igea D'Agnano
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Martin Götte
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ileana Zucchi
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| | - Rolland Reinbold
- Institute for Biomedical Technologies, National Research Council, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lau S, Gossen M, Lendlein A. Designing Cardiovascular Implants Taking in View the Endothelial Basement Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313120. [PMID: 34884923 PMCID: PMC8658568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Insufficient endothelialization of cardiovascular grafts is a major hurdle in vascular surgery and regenerative medicine, bearing a risk for early graft thrombosis. Neither of the numerous strategies pursued to solve these problems were conclusive. Endothelialization is regulated by the endothelial basement membrane (EBM), a highly specialized part of the vascular extracellular matrix. Thus, a detailed understanding of the structure–function interrelations of the EBM components is fundamental for designing biomimetic materials aiming to mimic EBM functions. In this review, a detailed description of the structure and functions of the EBM are provided, including the luminal and abluminal interactions with adjacent cell types, such as vascular smooth muscle cells. Moreover, in vivo as well as in vitro strategies to build or renew EBM are summarized and critically discussed. The spectrum of methods includes vessel decellularization and implant biofunctionalization strategies as well as tissue engineering-based approaches and bioprinting. Finally, the limitations of these methods are highlighted, and future directions are suggested to help improve future design strategies for EBM-inspired materials in the cardiovascular field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Skadi Lau
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Manfred Gossen
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Active Polymers and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon, Kantstraße 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany; (S.L.); (M.G.)
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yu J, Zhang W, Chi X, Chen W, Li Z, Wang Y, Liu Z, Wang H, Xu B. The dietary arachidonic acid improved growth and immunity of honey bee ( Apis mellifera ligustica). BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2021; 112:1-10. [PMID: 34622750 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485321000821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Honeybees cannot synthesize arachidonic acid (ARA) themselves, only obtain it from food. Most pollen is deficient or contains a small amount of ARA. The necessity of supplementary ARA in bees' diet has not been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary ARA levels on the growth and immunity of Apis mellifera ligustica. A total of 25 honeybee colonies were randomly assigned to five dietary groups which were fed basic diets supplemented with 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% of ARA. The diet with 4% ARA improved the body weight of newly emerged worker bees compared with the control group. Supplement of ARA in honeybee diets changed the fatty acid composition of honeybee body. SFA and MUFA contents of bees' body declined, and PUFA content rised in the ARA group. Compared with the control group, the supplement of ARA in honeybee diets increased the contents of ARA, C22:6n-3 (DHA) and C18:3n-6 in bees' body significantly, but decreased the contents of C16:1 and C18:3n-3. The diet supplied with 4% ARA reduced the mortality rate of honeybee infected with Escherichia coli. The activity of immune enzymes (phenoloxidase, antitrypsin, and lysozyme) and the mRNA expression levels of immune genes (defensin-2, toll, myd88, and dorsal) were improved by ARA diets to varying degrees depending on the ARA levels, especially 4% ARA. These results suggested that dietary ARA could improve the growth, survival, and immune functions of honeybees. Supplement of ARA in bees' diet would be valuable for the fitness of honeybees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Weixing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Xuepeng Chi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Wenfeng Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhenfang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aspriţoiu VM, Stoica I, Bleotu C, Diaconu CC. Epigenetic Regulation of Angiogenesis in Development and Tumors Progression: Potential Implications for Cancer Treatment. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689962. [PMID: 34552922 PMCID: PMC8451900 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a multi-stage process of new blood vessel development from pre-existing vessels toward an angiogenic stimulus. The process is essential for tissue maintenance and homeostasis during embryonic development and adult life as well as tumor growth. Under normal conditions, angiogenesis is involved in physiological processes, such as wound healing, cyclic regeneration of the endometrium, placental development and repairing certain cardiac damage, in pathological conditions, it is frequently associated with cancer development and metastasis. The control mechanisms of angiogenesis in carcinogenesis are tightly regulated at the genetic and epigenetic level. While genetic alterations are the critical part of gene silencing in cancer cells, epigenetic dysregulation can lead to repression of tumor suppressor genes or oncogene activation, becoming an important event in early development and the late stages of tumor development, as well. The global alteration of the epigenetic spectrum, which includes DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodeling, microRNAs, and other chromatin components, is considered one of the hallmarks of cancer, and the efforts are concentrated on the discovery of molecular epigenetic markers that identify cancerous precursor lesions or early stage cancer. This review aims to highlight recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic changes that can occur in physiological and pathological angiogenesis and analyze current knowledge on how deregulation of epigenetic modifiers contributes to tumorigenesis and tumor maintenance. Also, we will evaluate the clinical relevance of epigenetic markers of angiogenesis and the potential use of "epi-drugs" in modulating the responsiveness of cancer cells to anticancer therapy through chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and hormone therapy as anti-angiogenic strategies in cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ileana Stoica
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Coralia Bleotu
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.,Romanian Academy, Stefan S. Nicolau Institute of Virology, Bucharest, Romania
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Interferon-γ inhibits retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of ischemic retinopathy. Cytokine 2021; 143:155542. [PMID: 33926775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Interferon-γ (IFNG) is one of the key cytokines that regulates both innate and adaptive immune responses in the body. However, the role of IFNG in the regulation of vascularization, especially in the context of Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFa)-induced angiogenesis is not clarified. Here, we report that IFNG shows potent anti-angiogenic potential against VEGFa-induced angiogenesis. IFNG significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and tube formation of Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) both under basal and VEGFa-treated conditions. Intriguingly, Knockdown (KD) of STAT1 abolished the inhibitory effect of IFNG on VEGFa-induced angiogenic processes in HUVECs. Furthermore, IFNG exhibited potent anti-angiogenic efficacy in the mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR), an in vivo model for hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization, without induction of functional side effects. Taken together, these results show that IFNG plays a crucial role in the regulation of VEGFa-dependent angiogenesis, suggesting its potential therapeutic applicability in neovascular diseases.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zeng J, Matsusaki M. Analysis of Thickness and Roughness Effects of Artificial Basement Membranes on Endothelial Cell Functions. ANAL SCI 2021; 37:491-497. [PMID: 33310992 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.20scp10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Various cells and tissues are highly organized in vivo by basement membranes (BMs) and thus promising artificial BMs (A-BMs) constructed by electrospinning and layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly have recently attracted much attention in the tissue engineering field. However, control of cell adhesion, morphology, and migration of the attached cells on the A-BMs has not been reported yet. In this study, we investigated both thickness and roughness-dependent effects of A-BMs on the functions of endothelial cells (ECs), which resulted from different assembly concentrations. The results indicated that the roughness of A-BMs increased gradually with the increase of nanofilm thickness. EC adhesion, spreading and proliferation were inhibited on thicker A-BM surfaces with larger roughness, while interendothelial junctions and the barrier effect of confluent EC monolayers on thicker A-BM surfaces were compensated by increasing seeding cell number and expanding culture time. Our study highlights the influence of LbL assembly conditions on endothelial functions, which offers a new criterion for the design of A-BMs in well-organized 3D tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zeng J, Correia CR, Mano JF, Matsusaki M. In Situ Cross-Linking of Artificial Basement Membranes in 3D Tissues and Their Size-Dependent Molecular Permeability. Biomacromolecules 2020; 21:4923-4932. [PMID: 33099998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.0c01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the human body, highly organized tissues rely on the compartmentalization effect of basement membranes (BMs) that separate different types of cells. We recently reported an artificial basement membrane (A-BM) composed of type-IV collagen and laminin (Col-IV/LM), which are the main components of natural BMs, for cell compartmentalization in three-dimensional (3D) tissues. However, such compartmentalized structures can be maintained only for 3 days, probably due to the degradation issues. In this study, a robust A-BM was fabricated by in situ cross-linking the Col-IV/LM layer-by-layer (LbL) nanofilms in 3D tissues by transglutaminase. The effects of molecular size and configuration on the permeability of obtained A-BMs were comprehensively studied using polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) and dextran with various hydrodynamic diameters, as well as albumin. The findings agreed well with the known size-selective behavior of the glomerular basement membrane. Cross-linked Col-IV/LM nanofilms demonstrate improved stability and a more powerful barrier effect to maintain cell compartmentalization for organized 3D tissues. This in vitro A-BM exhibit great potentials for the design of more complex compartmentalized 3D tissues, for understanding the unique cell-cell cross talk through BMs, and for providing a more reliable 3D tissue model for new drug screening and other in vitro physiological studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Clara R Correia
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Michiya Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
A unidirectional porous beta-tricalcium phosphate promotes angiogenesis in a vascularized pedicle rat model. J Orthop Sci 2019; 24:1118-1124. [PMID: 31421947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Various types of artificial bone have been developed as alternatives to autologous bone grafts. In designing artificial bone, a porous structure is essential for the infiltration of blood and cells, which promotes angiogenesis within the bone matrix and ultimately ossification. However, it remains unclear what kind of pore system best promotes ossification. Here, we investigated angiogenesis in three different types of porous β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) in a vascularized pedicle rat model. METHODS Three types of porous β-TCP-β-TCP60 (60% porosity), β-TCP75 (75% porosity), and unidirectional porous β-tricalcium phosphate (UDPTCP; 57% porosity)-were examined. A cylindrical piece of artificial bone was implanted beneath the superficial inferior epigastric (SIE) vessels in the groin of rats and angiogenesis was allowed to occur. Two weeks after surgery, India ink or lectin was systemically injected to detect newly formed blood vessels originating from the SIE vessels. Immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor, α-smooth muscle actin, or type IV collagen was performed to clarify the structural features of the newly formed capillaries within the vascularized UDPTCP. RESULTS The vascularity of the UDPTCP was superior to that of β-TCP60 and β-TCP75. The UDPTCP pore structure was completely filled with capillaries at 3 weeks after implantation. Immunohistochemistry showed that the walls of the capillaries contained endothelial cells, pericytes, and basement membrane originating from the SIE vessels, and that the cells proliferated and the basement membrane formed simultaneously as the newly formed capillaries extended through the unidirectional pore structure of the UDPTCP. CONCLUSIONS UDPTCP had greater angiogenic potential than β-TCP60 and β-TCP75 in a vascularized pedicle rat model. Vascularized UDPTCP grafts may be an alternative to vascularized autologous bone grafts.
Collapse
|
11
|
Arachidonic acid: Physiological roles and potential health benefits - A review. J Adv Res 2017; 11:33-41. [PMID: 30034874 PMCID: PMC6052655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 316] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
It is time to shift the arachidonic acid (ARA) paradigm from a harm-generating molecule to its status of polyunsaturated fatty acid essential for normal health. ARA is an integral constituent of biological cell membrane, conferring it with fluidity and flexibility, so necessary for the function of all cells, especially in nervous system, skeletal muscle, and immune system. Arachidonic acid is obtained from food or by desaturation and chain elongation of the plant-rich essential fatty acid, linoleic acid. Free ARA modulates the function of ion channels, several receptors and enzymes, via activation as well as inhibition. That explains its fundamental role in the proper function of the brain and muscles and its protective potential against Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium infection and tumor initiation, development, and metastasis. Arachidonic acid in cell membranes undergoes reacylation/deacylation cycles, which keep the concentration of free ARA in cells at a very low level and limit ARA availability to oxidation. Metabolites derived from ARA oxidation do not initiate but contribute to inflammation and most importantly lead to the generation of mediators responsible for resolving inflammation and wound healing. Endocannabinoids are oxidation-independent ARA derivatives, critically important for brain reward signaling, motivational processes, emotion, stress responses, pain, and energy balance. Free ARA and metabolites promote and modulate type 2 immune responses, which are critically important in resistance to parasites and allergens insult, directly via action on eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells and indirectly by binding to specific receptors on innate lymphoid cells. In conclusion, the present review advocates the innumerable ARA roles and considerable importance for normal health.
Collapse
|
12
|
Jamieson KL, Endo T, Darwesh AM, Samokhvalov V, Seubert JM. Cytochrome P450-derived eicosanoids and heart function. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 179:47-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
13
|
A Critical Analysis of the Available In Vitro and Ex Vivo Methods to Study Retinal Angiogenesis. J Ophthalmol 2017; 2017:3034953. [PMID: 28848677 PMCID: PMC5564124 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3034953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a biological process with a central role in retinal diseases. The choice of the ideal method to study angiogenesis, particularly in the retina, remains a problem. Angiogenesis can be assessed through in vitro and in vivo studies. In spite of inherent limitations, in vitro studies are faster, easier to perform and quantify, and typically less expensive and allow the study of isolated angiogenesis steps. We performed a systematic review of PubMed searching for original articles that applied in vitro or ex vivo angiogenic retinal assays until May 2017, presenting the available assays and discussing their applicability, advantages, and disadvantages. Most of the studies evaluated migration, proliferation, and tube formation of endothelial cells in response to inhibitory or stimulatory compounds. Other aspects of angiogenesis were studied by assessing cell permeability, adhesion, or apoptosis, as well as by implementing organotypic models of the retina. Emphasis is placed on how the methods are applied and how they can contribute to retinal angiogenesis comprehension. We also discuss how to choose the best cell culture to implement these methods. When applied together, in vitro and ex vivo studies constitute a powerful tool to improve retinal angiogenesis knowledge. This review provides support for researchers to better select the most suitable protocols in this field.
Collapse
|
14
|
Haeger SM, Yang Y, Schmidt EP. Heparan Sulfate in the Developing, Healthy, and Injured Lung. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2016; 55:5-11. [PMID: 26982577 PMCID: PMC4942210 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0043tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Remarkable progress has been achieved in understanding the regulation of gene expression and protein translation, and how aberrancies in these template-driven processes contribute to disease pathogenesis. However, much of cellular physiology is controlled by non-DNA, nonprotein mediators, such as glycans. The focus of this Translational Review is to highlight the importance of a specific glycan polymer-the glycosaminoglycan heparan sulfate (HS)-on lung health and disease. We demonstrate how HS contributes to lung physiology and pathophysiology via its actions as both a structural constituent of the lung parenchyma as well as a regulator of cellular signaling. By highlighting current uncertainties in HS biology, we identify opportunities for future high-impact pulmonary and critical care translational investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M. Haeger
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Yimu Yang
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Eric P. Schmidt
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
- Department of Medicine, Denver Health Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Irvin MW, Zijlstra A, Wikswo JP, Pozzi A. Techniques and assays for the study of angiogenesis. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2014; 239:1476-88. [PMID: 24872440 PMCID: PMC4216737 DOI: 10.1177/1535370214529386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of studying angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vessels, is underscored by its involvement in both normal physiology, such as embryonic growth and wound healing, and pathologies, such as diabetes and cancer. Treatments targeting the molecular drive of angiogenesis have been developed, but many of the molecular mechanisms that mediate vascularization, as well as how these mechanisms can be targeted in therapy, remain poorly understood. The limited capacity to quantify angiogenesis properly curtails our molecular understanding and development of new drugs and therapies. Although there are a number of assays for angiogenesis, many of them strip away its important components and/or limit control of the variables that direct this highly cooperative and complex process. Here we review assays commonly used in endothelial cell biology and describe the progress toward development of a physiologically realistic platform that will enable a better understanding of the molecular and physical mechanisms that govern angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Irvin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Andries Zijlstra
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - John P. Wikswo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235
| | - Ambra Pozzi
- Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research and Education, Nashville, TN 37235
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Hospitals, Nashville, TN, 37232
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Łukaszewicz-Zając M, Mroczko B, Słowik A. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2014; 121:1387-97. [PMID: 25047909 PMCID: PMC4210652 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-014-1205-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2013] [Accepted: 03/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases, responsible for the integrity of the basement membrane (BM) via degradation of extracellular matrix and BM components. These enzymes are presented in central and peripheral nervous system. They are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of several neurological diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). ALS is a motor neuron disease, leading to muscle atrophy, paralysis and death within 3–5 years from diagnosis. Currently, there is no treatment that can substantially prolong life of ALS patients. Despite the fact that MMPs are not specific for ALS, there is also strong evidence that these enzymes are involved in the pathology of ALS. MMPs are able to exert direct neurotoxic effects, or may cause cell death by degrading matrix proteins. The objective of this paper is to provide an updated and comprehensive review concerning the role of MMPs and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in the pathology of ALS with an emphasis on the significance of MMP-2 and MMP-9 as well as their tissue inhibitors as potential biomarkers of ALS. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed regarding the role of selected MMPs and TIMPs in ALS pathogenesis. Moreover, selective MMPs’ inhibitors might be potential targets for therapeutic strategies for patients with ALS. However, future investigations are necessary before some of those non-specific for ALS enzymes could finally be used as biomarkers of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Łukaszewicz-Zając
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 15 a, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and cardioprotection: the road to translation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 74:199-208. [PMID: 24893205 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 04/30/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, despite well-established treatments. The discovery and development of novel therapeutics that prevent the progression of devastating consequences following AMI are thus important in reducing the global burden of this devastating disease. Scientific evidence for the protective effects of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) in the cardiovascular system is rapidly emerging and suggests that promoting the effects of these cytochrome P450-derived epoxyeicosanoids is a potentially viable clinical therapeutic strategy. Through a translational lens, this review will provide insight into the potential clinical utility of this therapeutic strategy for AMI by 1) outlining the known cardioprotective effects of EETs and underlying mechanisms demonstrated in preclinical models of AMI with a particular focus on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, 2) describing studies in human cohorts that demonstrate a relationship between EETs and associated pathways with coronary artery disease risk, and 3) discussing preclinical and clinical areas that require further investigation in order to increase the probability of successfully translating this rapidly emerging body of evidence into a clinically applicable therapeutic strategy for AMI.
Collapse
|
18
|
Garbuzova-Davis S, Mirtyl S, Sallot SA, Hernandez-Ontiveros DG, Haller E, Sanberg PR. Blood-brain barrier impairment in MPS III patients. BMC Neurol 2013; 13:174. [PMID: 24225396 PMCID: PMC3835134 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-13-174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 11/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucopolysaccharidosis type III (MPS III) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of a specific enzyme leading to heparan sulfate (HS) accumulation within cells and to eventual progressive cerebral and systemic organ abnormalities. Different enzyme deficiencies comprise the MPS III subcategories (A, B, C, D). Since neuropathological manifestations are common to all MPS III types, determining blood-brain barrier (BBB) condition may be critical to understand potential additional disease mechanisms. Methods We investigated BBB integrity in various brain structures of post-mortem tissues from an eleven year old Caucasian female with MPS III A and from a twenty four year old Caucasian female with MPS III D. Control tissues were obtained post-mortem from three Caucasians without neurological deficits: a twelve year old male, a twenty four year old female, and a twenty seven year old female. BBB capillary ultrastructure (electron microscopy) and capillary functional integrity (IgG leakage, tight junction proteins, and lysosomal accumulation within endothelium) were examined. Results Compromised BBB integrity was found in both MPS III cases. Major study findings were: (1) capillary endothelial and pericyte cell damage; (2) mucopolysaccharide bodies in a majority of endothelial cells and pericytes rupturing cell membranes; (3) severe extracellular edema; (4) IgG microvascular leakage and reductions of occludin and claudin-5 with variations between MPS III types; (5) extensive lysosomal accumulation in capillary endothelium. Conclusions These new findings of BBB structural and functional impairment, although from only two cases, MPS III A and III D, may have implications for disease pathogenesis and should be considered in treatment development for MPS III.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B, Downs Blvd, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Aldebasi YH, Rahmani AH, Khan AA, Aly SM. The effect of vascular endothelial growth factor in the progression of bladder cancer and diabetic retinopathy. Int J Clin Exp Med 2013; 6:239-251. [PMID: 23641300 PMCID: PMC3631548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Bladder cancer and diabetic retinopathy is a major public health and economical burden worldwide. Despite its high prevalence, the molecular mechanisms that induce or develop bladder carcinomas and diabetic retinopathy progression are poorly understood but it might be due to the disturbance in balance between angiogenic factors such as VEGF and antiangiogenic factors such as pigment epithelium derived growth factor. VEGF is one of the important survival factors for endothelial cells in the process of normal physiological and abnormal angiogenesis and induce the expression of antiapoptotic proteins in the endothelial cells. It is also the major initiator of angiogenesis in cancer and diabetic retinopathy, where it is up-regulated by oncogenic expression and different type of growth factors. The alteration in VEGF and VEGF receptors gene and overexpression, determines a diseases phenotype and ultimately the patient's clinical outcome. However, expressional and molecular studies were made on VEGF to understand the exact mechanism of action in the genesis and progression of bladder carcinoma and diabetic retinopathy , but still how VEGF mechanism involve in such type of disease progression are not well defined. Some other factors also play a significant role in the process of activation of VEGF pathways. Therefore, further detailed analysis via molecular and therapeutic is needed to know the exact mechanisms of VEGF in the angiogenesis pathway. The detection of these types of diseases at an early stage, predict how it will behave and act in response to treatment through regulation of VEGF pathways. The present review aimed to summarize the mechanism of alteration of VEGF gene pathways, which play a vital role in the development and progression of bladder cancer and diabetic retinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef H Aldebasi
- Department of optometry, College of Applied Medical Sciencesn, Qassim UniversitySaudi Arabia
| | - Arshad H Rahmani
- Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim UniversitySaudi Arabia
| | - Amjad A Khan
- Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim UniversitySaudi Arabia
| | - Salah Mesalhy Aly
- Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim UniversitySaudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Vet. Medicene, Suez canal UniversityIsmailia, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Garbuzova-Davis S, Hernandez-Ontiveros DG, Rodrigues MCO, Haller E, Frisina-Deyo A, Mirtyl S, Sallot S, Saporta S, Borlongan CV, Sanberg PR. Impaired blood-brain/spinal cord barrier in ALS patients. Brain Res 2012; 1469:114-28. [PMID: 22750125 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular pathology, including blood-brain/spinal cord barrier (BBB/BSCB) alterations, has recently been recognized as a key factor possibly aggravating motor neuron damage, identifying a neurovascular disease signature for ALS. However, BBB/BSCB competence in sporadic ALS (SALS) is still undetermined. In this study, BBB/BSCB integrity in postmortem gray and white matter of medulla and spinal cord tissue from SALS patients and controls was investigated. Major findings include (1) endothelial cell damage and pericyte degeneration, (2) severe intra- and extracellular edema, (3) reduced CD31 and CD105 expressions in endothelium, (4) significant accumulation of perivascular collagen IV, and fibrin deposits (5) significantly increased microvascular density in lumbar spinal cord, (6) IgG microvascular leakage, (7) reduced tight junction and adhesion protein expressions. Microvascular barrier abnormalities determined in gray and white matter of the medulla, cervical, and lumbar spinal cord of SALS patients are novel findings. Pervasive barrier damage discovered in ALS may have implications for disease pathogenesis and progression, as well as for uncovering novel therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Svitlana Garbuzova-Davis
- Center of Excellence for Aging & Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prostaglandins in cancer cell adhesion, migration, and invasion. Int J Cell Biol 2012; 2012:723419. [PMID: 22505934 PMCID: PMC3299390 DOI: 10.1155/2012/723419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostaglandins exert a profound influence over the adhesive, migratory, and invasive behavior of cells during the development and progression of cancer. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase-1 (mPGES-1) are upregulated in inflammation and cancer. This results in the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), which binds to and activates G-protein-coupled prostaglandin E1–4 receptors (EP1–4). Selectively targeting the COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2/EP1–4 axis of the prostaglandin pathway can reduce the adhesion, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Once stimulated by prostaglandins, cadherin adhesive connections between epithelial or endothelial cells are lost. This enables cells to invade through the underlying basement membrane and extracellular matrix (ECM). Interactions with the ECM are mediated by cell surface integrins by “outside-in signaling” through Src and focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and/or “inside-out signaling” through talins and kindlins. Combining the use of COX-2/mPGES-1/PGE2/EP1–4 axis-targeted molecules with those targeting cell surface adhesion receptors or their downstream signaling molecules may enhance cancer therapy.
Collapse
|
22
|
Mustafa DAM, Dekker LJ, Stingl C, Kremer A, Stoop M, Sillevis Smitt PAE, Kros JM, Luider TM. A proteome comparison between physiological angiogenesis and angiogenesis in glioblastoma. Mol Cell Proteomics 2012; 11:M111.008466. [PMID: 22278369 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m111.008466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathways involved in neovascularization of regenerating tissues and tumor angiogenesis resemble each other. However, the regulatory mechanisms of neovascularization under neoplastic circumstances are unbalanced leading to abnormal protein expression patterns resulting in the formation of defective and often abortive tumor vessels. Because gliomas are among the most vascularized tumors, we compared the protein expression profiles of proliferating vessels in glioblastoma with those in tissues in which physiological angiogenesis takes place. By using a combination of laser microdissection and LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry comparisons of protein profiles were made. The approach yielded 29 and 12 differentially expressed proteins for glioblastoma and endometrium blood vessels, respectively. The aberrant expression of five proteins, i.e. periostin, tenascin-C, TGF-beta induced protein, integrin alpha-V, and laminin subunit beta-2 were validated by immunohistochemistry. In addition, pathway analysis of the differentially expressed proteins was performed and significant differences in the usage of angiogenic pathways were found. We conclude that there are essential differences in protein expression profiles between tumor and normal physiological angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dana A M Mustafa
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Contois LW, Nugent DP, Caron JM, Cretu A, Tweedie E, Akalu A, Liebes L, Friesel R, Rosen C, Vary C, Brooks PC. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 differentially inhibits growth factor-induced angiogenesis. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:1779-89. [PMID: 22134921 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.267732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
An in-depth understanding of the molecular and cellular complexity of angiogenesis continues to advance as new stimulators and inhibitors of blood vessel formation are uncovered. Gaining a more complete understanding of the response of blood vessels to both stimulatory and inhibitory molecules will likely contribute to more effective strategies to control pathological angiogenesis. Here, we provide evidence that endothelial cell interactions with structurally altered collagen type IV may suppress the expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4), a well documented inhibitor of the IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling axis. We report for the first time that IGFBP-4 differentially inhibits angiogenesis induced by distinct growth factor signaling pathways as IGFBP-4 inhibited FGF-2- and IGF-1-stimulated angiogenesis but failed to inhibit VEGF-induced angiogenesis. The resistance of VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis to IGFBP-4 inhibition appears to depend on sustained activation of p38 MAPK as blocking its activity restored the anti-angiogenic effects of IGFBP-4 on VEGF-induced blood vessel growth in vivo. These novel findings provide new insight into how blood vessels respond to endogenous inhibitors during angiogenesis stimulated by distinct growth factor signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liangru W Contois
- Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Center for Molecular Medicine, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hegde P, Maddur MS, Friboulet A, Bayry J, Kaveri SV. Viscum album exerts anti-inflammatory effect by selectively inhibiting cytokine-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26312. [PMID: 22028854 PMCID: PMC3196571 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Viscum album (VA) preparations are extensively used as complementary therapy in cancer and are shown to exert anti-tumor activities which involve the cytotoxic properties, induction of apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis and several other immunomodulatory mechanisms. In addition to their application in cancer therapy, VA preparations have also been successfully utilized in the treatment of several inflammatory pathologies. Owing to the intricate association of inflammation and cancer and in view of the fact that several anti-tumor phytotherapeutics also exert a potent anti-inflammatory effect, we hypothesized that VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect that is responsible for its therapeutic benefit. Since, inflammatory cytokine-induced cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of VA on regulation of cyclo-oxygenase expression and PGE2 biosynthesis by using human lung adenocarcinoma cells (A549 cells) as a model. A549 cells were stimulated with IL-1β and treated with VA preparation (VA Qu Spez) for 18 hours. PGE2 was analysed in the culture supernatants by enzyme immunoassay. Expression of COX-2 and COX-1 proteins was analyzed by immunoblotting and the expression of COX-2 mRNA was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. We found that VA Qu Spez inhibit the secretion of IL-1β-induced PGE2 in a dose-dependent manner. Further, we also show that this inhibitory action was associated with a reduced expression of COX-2 without modulating the COX-1 expression. Together these results demonstrate a novel anti-inflammatory mechanism of action of VA preparations wherein VA exerts an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting cytokine-induced PGE2 via selective inhibition of COX-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pushpa Hegde
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 872, Paris, France
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, Compiègne, France
| | - Mohan S. Maddur
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16- Immunopathology and Therapeutic Immunointervention, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, UMR S 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris, France
| | - Alain Friboulet
- Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 6022, Compiègne, France
| | - Jagadeesh Bayry
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16- Immunopathology and Therapeutic Immunointervention, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, UMR S 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris, France
| | - Srini V. Kaveri
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 872, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe 16- Immunopathology and Therapeutic Immunointervention, Université Pierre et Marie Curie – Paris 6, UMR S 872, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, UMR S 872, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dirisamer M, Dapena I, Ham L, van Dijk K, Oganes O, Frank LE, van der Wees J, Melles GR. Patterns of corneal endothelialization and corneal clearance after descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty for fuchs endothelial dystrophy. Am J Ophthalmol 2011; 152:543-555.e1. [PMID: 21726849 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2011.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2011] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe various endothelial migration healing patterns after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), and to determine the contribution of the donor and host endothelium in the clearance of a transplanted cornea. DESIGN Nonrandomized, prospective clinical study. METHODS In a total of 150 consecutive eyes that underwent DMEK (ie, transplantation of an isolated Descemet graft, for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy), re-endothelialization patterns were studied. Of these eyes, 36 showed a "stromal gap" between the "descemetorhexis edge" and the graft, or (partial) graft detachment. Endothelialization patterns of the host posterior stroma were documented at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 months after surgery with Pentacam imaging, specular microscopy, optical coherence tomography, confocal microscopy, and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. RESULTS Complete corneal clearance was seen in 28 of 36 eyes (78%) with a stromal gap, or (partial) detachment, progressing from the periphery toward the center; and 27 of 34 eyes (79%) with normal visual potential reached a visual acuity of ≥20/40 (≥0.5) or better. In 3 eyes that had the Descemet graft implanted upside-down, a "reversed corneal clearance pattern" was observed (ie, persistent edema where the graft was attached), while the area overlying the detachment cleared. One case that had a "descemetorhexis" performed without endothelial graft implantation showed persistent stromal edema. CONCLUSION The presence of donor endothelium in the recipient anterior chamber may be required for endothelial migration and/or recovery of corneal clarity. Re-endothelialization may be associated with massive endothelial migration and some form of cell signaling to draw donor endothelial cells toward the recipient posterior stroma ("homing").
Collapse
|
26
|
Rossen NS, Hansen AJ, Selhuber-Unkel C, Oddershede LB. Arachidonic acid randomizes endothelial cell motion and regulates adhesion and migration. PLoS One 2011; 6:e25196. [PMID: 21966453 PMCID: PMC3179469 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 08/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion and migration are essential for the evolution, organization, and repair of living organisms. An example of a combination of these processes is the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis), which is mediated by a directed migration and adhesion of endothelial cells (ECs). Angiogenesis is an essential part of wound healing and a prerequisite of cancerous tumor growth. We investigated the effect of the amphiphilic compound arachidonic acid (AA) on EC adhesion and migration by combining live cell imaging with biophysical analysis methods. AA significantly influenced both EC adhesion and migration, in either a stimulating or inhibiting fashion depending on AA concentration. The temporal evolution of cell adhesion area was well described by a two-phase model. In the first phase, the spreading dynamics were independent of AA concentration. In the latter phase, the spreading dynamics increased at low AA concentrations and decreased at high AA concentrations. AA also affected EC migration; though the instantaneous speed of individual cells remained independent of AA concentration, the individual cells lost their sense of direction upon addition of AA, thus giving rise to an overall decrease in the collective motion of a confluent EC monolayer into vacant space. Addition of AA also caused ECs to become more elongated, this possibly being related to incorporation of AA in the EC membrane thus mediating a change in the viscosity of the membrane. Hence, AA is a promising non-receptor specific regulator of wound healing and angiogenesis.
Collapse
|
27
|
Garbuzova-Davis S, Rodrigues MC, Hernandez-Ontiveros DG, Louis MK, Willing AE, Borlongan CV, Sanberg PR. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A neurovascular disease. Brain Res 2011; 1398:113-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|