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Chin ST, Boughton BA, Gay MCL, Russell AC, Wang Y, Nambiar V, McHenry MP, Holmes E, Nicholson JK, Loo RL. Unravelling inulin molecules in food sources using a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization magnetic resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-MRMS) pipeline. Food Res Int 2024; 184:114276. [PMID: 38609208 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Inulin, a polysaccharide characterized by a β-2,1 fructosyl-fructose structure terminating in a glucosyl moiety, is naturally present in plant roots and tubers. Current methods provide average degrees of polymerization (DP) but lack information on the distribution and absolute concentration of each DP. To address this limitation, a reproducible (CV < 10 %) high throughput (<2 min/sample) MALDI-MRMS approach capable of characterizing and quantifying inulin molecules in plants using matched-matrix consisting of α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid butylamine salt (CHCA-BA), chicory inulin-12C and inulin-13C was developed. The method identified variation in chain lengths and concentration of inulin across various plant species. Globe artichoke hearts, yacón and elephant garlic yielded similar concentrations at 15.6 g/100 g dry weight (DW), 16.8 g/100 g DW and 17.7 g/100 g DW, respectively, for DP range between 9 and 22. In contrast, Jerusalem artichoke demonstrated the highest concentration (53.4 g/100 g DW) within the same DP ranges. Jerusalem artichoke (DPs 9-32) and globe artichoke (DPs 9-36) showed similar DP distributions, while yacón and elephant garlic displayed the narrowest and broadest DP ranges (DPs 9-19 and DPs 9-45, respectively). Additionally, qualitative measurement for all inulin across all plant samples was feasible using the peak intensities normalized to Inulin-13C, and showed that the ratio of yacón, elephant garlic and Jerusalem was approximately one, two and three times that of globe artichoke. This MALDI-MRMS approach provides comprehensive insights into the structure of inulin molecules, opening avenues for in-depth investigations into how DP and concentration of inulin influence gut health and the modulation of noncommunicable diseases, as well as shedding light on refining cultivation practices to elevate the beneficial health properties associated with specific DPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Tong Chin
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Berin A Boughton
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | | | - Alyce C Russell
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Yimin Wang
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | - Vimalnath Nambiar
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
| | | | - Elaine Holmes
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Nutrition Research, Department of Metabolism, Nutrition and Reproduction, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Jeremy K Nicholson
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London SW7 2NA, UK.
| | - Ruey Leng Loo
- Australian National Phenome Centre, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia; Centre for Computational and Systems Medicine, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia.
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2
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Zhao B, Luo Z, Zhang H, Zhang H. Imaging tools for plant nanobiotechnology. Front Genome Ed 2022; 4:1029944. [PMID: 36569338 PMCID: PMC9772283 DOI: 10.3389/fgeed.2022.1029944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The successful application of nanobiotechnology in biomedicine has greatly changed the traditional way of diagnosis and treating of disease, and is promising for revolutionizing the traditional plant nanobiotechnology. Over the past few years, nanobiotechnology has increasingly expanded into plant research area. Nanomaterials can be designed as vectors for targeted delivery and controlled release of fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, nucleotides, proteins, etc. Interestingly, nanomaterials with unique physical and chemical properties can directly affect plant growth and development; improve plant resistance to disease and stress; design as sensors in plant biology; and even be used for plant genetic engineering. Similarly, there have been concerns about the potential biological toxicity of nanomaterials. Selecting appropriate characterization methods will help understand how nanomaterials interact with plants and promote advances in plant nanobiotechnology. However, there are relatively few reviews of tools for characterizing nanomaterials in plant nanobiotechnology. In this review, we present relevant imaging tools that have been used in plant nanobiotechnology to monitor nanomaterial migration, interaction with and internalization into plants at three-dimensional lengths. Including: 1) Migration of nanomaterial into plant organs 2) Penetration of nanomaterial into plant tissues (iii)Internalization of nanomaterials by plant cells and interactions with plant subcellular structures. We compare the advantages and disadvantages of current characterization tools and propose future optimal characterization methods for plant nanobiotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxu Luo
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honglu Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou International Campus, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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3
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Rastall RA, Diez-Municio M, Forssten SD, Hamaker B, Meynier A, Moreno FJ, Respondek F, Stah B, Venema K, Wiese M. Structure and function of non-digestible carbohydrates in the gut microbiome. Benef Microbes 2022; 13:95-168. [PMID: 35729770 DOI: 10.3920/bm2021.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Together with proteins and fats, carbohydrates are one of the macronutrients in the human diet. Digestible carbohydrates, such as starch, starch-based products, sucrose, lactose, glucose and some sugar alcohols and unusual (and fairly rare) α-linked glucans, directly provide us with energy while other carbohydrates including high molecular weight polysaccharides, mainly from plant cell walls, provide us with dietary fibre. Carbohydrates which are efficiently digested in the small intestine are not available in appreciable quantities to act as substrates for gut bacteria. Some oligo- and polysaccharides, many of which are also dietary fibres, are resistant to digestion in the small intestines and enter the colon where they provide substrates for the complex bacterial ecosystem that resides there. This review will focus on these non-digestible carbohydrates (NDC) and examine their impact on the gut microbiota and their physiological impact. Of particular focus will be the potential of non-digestible carbohydrates to act as prebiotics, but the review will also evaluate direct effects of NDC on human cells and systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- R A Rastall
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, United Kingdom
| | - M Diez-Municio
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI (UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S D Forssten
- IFF Health & Biosciences, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland
| | - B Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, 745 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2009, USA
| | - A Meynier
- Nutrition Research, Mondelez France R&D SAS, 6 rue René Razel, 91400 Saclay, France
| | - F Javier Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias de la Alimentación, CIAL (CSIC-UAM), CEI (UAM+CSIC), Nicolás Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Respondek
- Tereos, Zoning Industriel Portuaire, 67390 Marckolsheim, France
| | - B Stah
- Human Milk Research & Analytical Science, Danone Nutricia Research, Uppsalalaan 12, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Department of Chemical Biology & Drug Discovery, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - K Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation (HEFI), Maastricht University - campus Venlo, St. Jansweg 20, 5928 RC Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - M Wiese
- Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, the Netherlands
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4
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Wang H, Zhao X, Huang Y, Liao J, Liu Y, Pan Y. Rapid quality control of medicine and food dual purpose plant polysaccharides by matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Analyst 2020; 145:2168-2175. [PMID: 32104793 DOI: 10.1039/c9an02440a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
With their multiple biological activities and health benefit effects, polysaccharides from medicine and food dual purpose plants (MFDPPPs) have been extensively applied in many fields, including in medical treatments, stock farming, and cosmetics. However, to date, quality issues of MFDPPPs and technologies for the analysis of polysaccharides have posed challenges to chemists. Reported herein is a rapid and high-throughput quality control method for analyzing MFDPPPs, based on matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). For the analysis of illegally added and doped substances, ferroferric oxide nanoparticles were employed as the MALDI matrix to avoid small molecule interference. Qualitatively, high sensitivity was obtained for both illegal drugs and glucose. Quantitatively, the best linear response (R2 > 0.99) was attained in the concentration range from 0.005 to 1 mg mL-1 for glucose. For the analysis of polysaccharides, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid/N-methylaniline was employed as the MALDI matrix to increase the detection sensitivity and mass range coverage. Furthermore, the established method was successfully applied to the analysis of supplements from Astragalus polysaccharides and Lentinan real samples, showing its potential in quality control for MFDPPPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiwen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Xiaoyong Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Jiancong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yaqin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
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5
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Joaquim EO, Hayashi AH, Torres LMB, Figueiredo-Ribeiro RCL, Shiomi N, de Sousa FS, Lago JHG, Carvalho MAM. Chemical Structure and Localization of Levan, the Predominant Fructan Type in Underground Systems of Gomphrena marginata (Amaranthaceae). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1745. [PMID: 30564253 PMCID: PMC6288709 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Gomphrena marginata Seub. (Amaranthaceae) is an endemic species from Brazilian campos rupestres with a fructan accumulating underground reserve system. Analyses of high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC-PAD) revealed the presence of the soluble carbohydrates glucose, fructose, sucrose, 1-kestose, 6-kestose, nystose and fructans with degree of polymerization (DP) up to approximately 40 fructose units. Data of 1H and 13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, including Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation (HSQC) and Heteronuclear Multiple-Bonds Correlation (HMBC) showed the presence of β (2,6) linkages, characteristic of the linear molecule of levan-type fructan(2,6). These results confirmed previous studies suggesting that the reserve carbohydrate in the underground system of this species was levan-type fructans, similar to that of G. macrocephala. Structural analyses of the thickened underground system using light microscopy revealed a mixed origin system consisting mainly of a gemmiferous tuberous root with the upper region formed by short branched stems, both presenting vascular cylinders with unusual growth patterns. Fructan spherocrystals were visualized under polarized light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) mostly in the cortex and vascular cylinder in both thickened stem and root. In addition to data reported in the literature concerning the occurrence of fructans in the Amaranthaceae, the results presented here suggest that fructans are a trait in this family while the levan-type fructan prevail in Gomphrena species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela O. Joaquim
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal e Meio Ambiente, São Paulo, Brazil
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana H. Hayashi
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Anatomia, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luce M. B. Torres
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Norio Shiomi
- Department of Food and Nutrition Sciences, Graduate School of Dairy Science Research, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Japan
| | - Fernanda S. de Sousa
- Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - João H. G. Lago
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Maria A. M. Carvalho
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Fisiologia e Bioquímica, Instituto de Botânica, São Paulo, Brazil
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6
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Antireflection Surfaces for Biological Analysis Using Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry. RESEARCH 2018; 2018:5439729. [PMID: 31549031 PMCID: PMC6750120 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5439729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is a primary tool for biological analysis. Its success relies on the use of chemical matrices that facilitate soft desorption and ionization of the biomolecules, which, however, also limits its application for metabolomics study due to the chemical interference by the matrix compounds. The requirement for sample pretreatment is also undesirable for direct sampling analysis or tissue imaging. In this study, antireflection (AR) metal surfaces were investigated as sample substrates for matrix-free LDI-MS. They were prepared through ultrafast laser processing, with high light-to-heat energy conversion efficiency. The morphology and micro/nanostructures on the metal surfaces could be adjusted and optimized by tuning the laser fabrication process. The super-high UV absorption at 97% enabled highly efficient thermal desorption and ionization of analytes. The analytical performance for the matrix-free LDI was explored by analyzing a variety of biological compounds, including carbohydrates, drugs, metabolites, and amino acids. Its applicability for direct analysis of complex biological samples was also demonstrated by direct analysis of metabolites in yeast cells.
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7
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Saha-Shah A, Karty JA, Baker LA. Local collection, reaction and analysis with theta pipette emitters. Analyst 2018; 142:1512-1518. [PMID: 28361146 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00109f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A mobile nanofluidic device based on theta pipettes was developed for "collect-react-analyze" measurements of small volumes of a sample collected locally from biological samples. Specifically, we demonstrate execution of local reactions inside single cells and on Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms for targeted analysis of metabolites. Nanoliter volumes of the sample, post-reaction, were delivered to a mass spectrometer via electrospray ionization (ESI) for chemical analysis. A new strategy was developed where the additional barrel of a theta pipette was utilized both to enable chemical manipulations after sample collection and to electrospray the nanoliter sample volumes collected directly from the pipette tip. This strategy proved a robust method for ESI from nanometer sized tips without clogging or degradation of the emitter and obviated the need to coat glass pipettes with a conductive metal coating. Chemical reactions investigated include acid catalyzed degradation of oligosaccharides inside the pipette tip to increase the detection sensitivity of minor metabolites found in Allium cepa cells. Additionally, phenylboronic acid complexation of carbohydrates from single cells and liposaccharides from biofilms was also performed inside the pipette tip for selective detection of carbohydrates and liposaccharides with cis-diols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anumita Saha-Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
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8
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Saha-Shah A, Green CM, Abraham DH, Baker LA. Segmented flow sampling with push-pull theta pipettes. Analyst 2017; 141:1958-65. [PMID: 26907673 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report development of a mobile and easy-to-fabricate theta pipette microfluidic device for segmented flow sampling. The theta pipettes were also used as electrospray emitters for analysis of sub-nanoliter segments, which resulted in delivery of analyte to the vacuum inlet of the mass spectrometer without multiple transfer steps. Theta pipette probes enable sample collection with high spatial resolution due to micron or smaller sized probe inlets and can be used to manipulate aqueous segments in the range of 200 pL to tens of nanoliters. Optimized conditions can enable sampling with high spatial and temporal resolution, suitable for chemical monitoring in biological samples and studies of sample heterogeneity. Intercellular heterogeneity among Allium cepa cells was studied by collecting cytoplasm from multiple cells using a single probe. Extracted cytoplasm was analyzed in a fast and high throughput manner by direct electrospray mass spectrometry of segmented sample from the probe tip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anumita Saha-Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Curtis M Green
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - David H Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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9
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Ackerman DL, Craft KM, Townsend SD. Infant food applications of complex carbohydrates: Structure, synthesis, and function. Carbohydr Res 2017; 437:16-27. [PMID: 27883906 PMCID: PMC6172010 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Professional health bodies such as the World Health Organization (WHO), the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) recommend breast milk as the sole source of food during the first year of life. This position recognizes human milk as being uniquely suited for infant nutrition. Nonetheless, most neonates in the West are fed alternatives by 6 months of age. Although inferior to human milk in most aspects, infant formulas are able to promote effective growth and development. However, while breast-fed infants feature a microbiota dominated by bifidobacteria, the bacterial flora of formula-fed infants is usually heterogeneous with comparatively lower levels of bifidobacteria. Thus, the objective of any infant food manufacturer is to prepare a product that results in a formula-fed infant developing a breast-fed infant-like microbiota. The goal of this focused review is to discuss the structure, synthesis, and function of carbohydrate additives that play a role in governing the composition of the infant microbiome and have other health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy L Ackerman
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Kelly M Craft
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States
| | - Steven D Townsend
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, United States; Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, United States.
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10
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Gross JH. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-54398-7_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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11
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Longuespée R, Casadonte R, Kriegsmann M, Pottier C, Picard de Muller G, Delvenne P, Kriegsmann J, De Pauw E. MALDI mass spectrometry imaging: A cutting-edge tool for fundamental and clinical histopathology. Proteomics Clin Appl 2016; 10:701-19. [PMID: 27188927 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Histopathological diagnoses have been done in the last century based on hematoxylin and eosin staining. These methods were complemented by histochemistry, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and molecular techniques. Mass spectrometry (MS) methods allow the thorough examination of various biocompounds in extracts and tissue sections. Today, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI), and especially matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging links classical histology and molecular analyses. Direct mapping is a major advantage of the combination of molecular profiling and imaging. MSI can be considered as a cutting edge approach for molecular detection of proteins, peptides, carbohydrates, lipids, and small molecules in tissues. This review covers the detection of various biomolecules in histopathological sections by MSI. Proteomic methods will be introduced into clinical histopathology within the next few years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Longuespée
- Proteopath GmbH, Trier, Germany.,Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Charles Pottier
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | - Philippe Delvenne
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Jörg Kriegsmann
- Proteopath GmbH, Trier, Germany.,MVZ for Histology, Cytology and Molecular Diagnostics Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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12
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Evans M, Gallagher JA, Ratcliffe I, Williams PA. Determination of the degree of polymerisation of fructans from ryegrass and chicory using MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry and Gel Permeation Chromatography coupled to multiangle laser light scattering. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2015.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Alma DOC, Gerardo AM, Gerardo GS, Olga MRQ, Javier LM, Nicolas OSC. Characterization of fructans from Agave durangensis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5897/ajps2013.1007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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14
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Saha-Shah A, Weber AE, Karty JA, Ray SJ, Hieftje GM, Baker LA. Nanopipettes: probes for local sample analysis. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3334-3341. [PMID: 28706697 PMCID: PMC5490420 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00668f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanopipettes are demonstrated as probes for local mass spectrometric analysis with potential for small-scale extraction of analytes from single cells, tissue and organisms.
Nanopipettes (pipettes with diameters <1 μm) were explored as pressure-driven fluid manipulation tools for sampling nanoliter volumes of fluids. The fundamental behavior of fluids confined in the narrow channels of the nanopipette shank was studied to optimize sampling volume and probe geometry. This method was utilized to collect nanoliter volumes (<10 nL) of sample from single Allium cepa cells and live Drosophila melanogaster first instar larvae. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) was utilized to characterize the collected sample. The use of nanopipettes for surface sampling of mouse brain tissue sections was also explored. Lipid analyses were performed on mouse brain tissues with spatial resolution of sampling as small as 50 μm. Nanopipettes were shown to be a versatile tool that will find further application in studies of sample heterogeneity and population analysis for a wide range of samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anumita Saha-Shah
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
| | - Anna E Weber
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
| | - Jonathan A Karty
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
| | - Steven J Ray
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
| | - Gary M Hieftje
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
| | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry , Indiana University , 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue , Bloomington , IN 47405 , USA .
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15
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Longuespée R, Fléron M, Pottier C, Quesada-Calvo F, Meuwis MA, Baiwir D, Smargiasso N, Mazzucchelli G, De Pauw-Gillet MC, Delvenne P, De Pauw E. Tissue Proteomics for the Next Decade? Towards a Molecular Dimension in Histology. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2014; 18:539-52. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2014.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Longuespée
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Maximilien Fléron
- Mammalian Cell Culture Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Charles Pottier
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Florence Quesada-Calvo
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Liège University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Alice Meuwis
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Digestive Oncology Department, Liège University Hospital, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Dominique Baiwir
- GIGA-R, GIGA Proteomic Facilities, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Smargiasso
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Gabriel Mazzucchelli
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Marie-Claire De Pauw-Gillet
- Mammalian Cell Culture Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Biomedical and Preclinical Sciences, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Delvenne
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathology, GIGA-Cancer, Department of Pathology, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-Research, Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Benkeblia N. Fructooligosaccharides in Allium Species: Chemistry and Nutrition. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b17121-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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17
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Benkeblia N. Fructooligosaccharides and fructans analysis in plants and food crops. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1313:54-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2013] [Revised: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Suzuki T, Maeda T, Grant S, Grant G, Sporns P. Confirmation of Fructans biosynthesized in vitro from [1-13C]glucose in asparagus tissues using MALDI-TOF MS and ESI-MS. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2013; 170:715-722. [PMID: 23369447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2012.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of Fructans was confirmed in asparagus tissues that had been cultured for 2 days on media supplemented with glucose. It is very common that Fructans are biosynthesized from sucrose. We hypothesized however that Fructans could also be biosynthesized from glucose. Stem tissues of in vitro-cultured asparagus were subcultured for 72 h on a medium containing 0.5M of [1-(13)C]glucose. A medium containing 0.5M of normal ((12)C) glucose was used as control. Carbohydrates were extracted from the tissues and analyzed using HPLC, MALDI-TOF MS and ESI-MS. HPLC results indicated that the accumulation of short-chain Fructans was similar in both (13)C-labelled and control samples. Short-chain Fructans of DP=3-7 were detected using MALDI-TOF MS. The molecular mass of each oligomer in the (13)C-labelled sample was higher than the mass of the natural sample by 1 m/z unit per sugar moiety. The results of ESI-MS on the HPLC fractions of neokestose and 1-kestose showed that these oligomers (DP=3) were biosynthesized from exogenous glucose added to the medium. We conclude that not only exogenous sucrose but glucose can induce Fructan biosynthesis; fructans of both inulin type and inulin neoseries are also biosynthesized from glucose accumulated in asparagus tissues; the glucose molecules (or its metabolic products) were incorporated into Fructans as structural monomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Suzuki
- Research Faculty and Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
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19
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González-Muñoz MJ, Rivas S, Santos V, Parajó JC. Fractionation of extracted hemicellulosic saccharides from Pinus pinaster wood by multistep membrane processing. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Lee JB, Miyake S, Umetsu R, Hayashi K, Chijimatsu T, Hayashi T. Anti-influenza A virus effects of fructan from Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). Food Chem 2012; 134:2164-8. [PMID: 23442670 PMCID: PMC7173106 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2012] [Accepted: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
A fructan that acts as an anti-influenza A virus substance was isolated from hot water extract of the green leafy part of a Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). The structure of the fructan was characterised and elucidated by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. The fructan was composed of terminal (21.0%) and 2,1-linked β-D-Fruf residues (65.3%) with 1,6-linked β-D-Glcp residues (13.7%). The molecular weight of the polysaccharide and polydispersity was estimated to be 1.5×10(3) and 1.18, respectively. Although the fructan did not show anti-influenza A virus activity in vitro, it demonstrated an inhibitory effect on virus replication in vivo when it was orally administered to mice. In addition, the polysaccharide enhanced the production of neutralising antibodies against influenza A virus. Therefore, the antiviral mechanism of the polysaccharide seemed to be dependent on the host immune system, i.e., enhancement of the host immune function was achieved by the administration of the polysaccharide. From our observations, the fructan from Welsh onions is suggested to be one of the active principles which exert an anti-influenza virus effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Bum Lee
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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21
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Grassl J, Taylor NL, Millar AH. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging and its development for plant protein imaging. PLANT METHODS 2011; 7:21. [PMID: 21726462 PMCID: PMC3141805 DOI: 10.1186/1746-4811-7-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) uses the power of high mass resolution time of flight (ToF) mass spectrometry coupled to the raster of lasers shots across the cut surface of tissues to provide new insights into the spatial distribution of biomolecules within biological tissues. The history of this technique in animals and plants is considered and the potential for analysis of proteins by this technique in plants is discussed. Protein biomarker identification from MALDI-MSI is a challenge and a number of different approaches to address this bottleneck are discussed. The technical considerations needed for MALDI-MSI are reviewed and these are presented alongside examples from our own work and a protocol for MALDI-MSI of proteins in plant samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Grassl
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology and Centre for Comparative Analysis of Biomolecular Networks, M316, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Nicolas L Taylor
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology and Centre for Comparative Analysis of Biomolecular Networks, M316, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - A Harvey Millar
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology and Centre for Comparative Analysis of Biomolecular Networks, M316, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
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22
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Mass Spectrometric Characterization of Oligo- and Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives. MASS SPECTROMETRY OF POLYMERS – NEW TECHNIQUES 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2011_134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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23
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Gross JH. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-10711-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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24
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Jung S, Chen Y, Sullards MC, Ragauskas AJ. Direct analysis of cellulose in poplar stem by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:3230-6. [PMID: 20972996 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) was applied to the analysis of the spatial distribution of cellulose on a cross-section of juvenile poplar (Populus deltoids) stems. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was used to optimize matrix (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) application and instrument parameters for the detection of low hexose oligomers, which originated from cellulose in the solid phase. A section of poplar cellulose isolated from juvenile poplar stem which consisted primarily of glucose (∼95%) and minor components such as xylose and lignin was used for the MALDI-IMS studies. The mass spectrum of poplar cellulose consisted of a series of evenly spaced signals having a difference of 162 m/z units, which was similar to that of MCC in linear and reflectron positive ion modes. MS images of cellulose compounds with sodium ion adducts were generated and illustrated the distribution of cellulose on the surface of the poplar stem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seokwon Jung
- BioEnergy Science Center, Georgia Institute of Technology, 500 10th St., Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
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25
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Giudicessi SL, Fatema MK, Nonami H, Erra-Balsells R. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) as an auxiliary tool in the electrospray ionization mass spectrometry analysis of native and derivatized beta-cyclodextrins, maltoses, and fructans contaminated with Ca and/or Mg. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2010; 21:1526-1529. [PMID: 20570530 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2010.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2010] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/03/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The effect of Ca(2+) (and Mg(2+)) and the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), a well known Ca(2+) (and Mg(2+)) chelating agent, on the volatilization/ionization of carbohydrates by using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry has been studied. Model compounds such as maltoses (maltose to maltoheptaose), beta-cyclodextrins (beta-cyclodextrin, methyl-beta-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,6-di-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin, heptakis(2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)-beta-cyclodextrin, and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin) and fructans (sucrose, 1-ketose, nystose, and 1F-fructofuranosylnystose) were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana L Giudicessi
- CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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26
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Gholipour Y, Giudicessi SL, Nonami H, Erra-Balsells R. Diamond, Titanium Dioxide, Titanium Silicon Oxide, and Barium Strontium Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles as Matrixes for Direct Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Carbohydrates in Plant Tissues. Anal Chem 2010; 82:5518-26. [DOI: 10.1021/ac1003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Gholipour
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan, and CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 3 P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428-Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvana L. Giudicessi
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan, and CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 3 P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428-Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hiroshi Nonami
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan, and CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 3 P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428-Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rosa Erra-Balsells
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan, and CIHIDECAR-CONICET, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Pabellón II, 3 P, Ciudad Universitaria, 1428-Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Double diastereoselection explains limitations in synthesizing mannose-containing beta-(1,3)-glucans. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:1366-70. [PMID: 20471634 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2010.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2010] [Revised: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 04/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
It is known that 3-O-glycosylation of glucosidic acceptors bearing acyl groups in the 4 and 6 positions instead of a 4,6-O-benzylidene ring mainly affords alpha-glycosides. Described here is an unexpected stereochemical outcome for elongation at glucose O-3 of a beta-d-Glcp-(1-->3)-alpha-d-Manp disaccharide using peracetylated ethyl thioglucoside as a donor. This unexpected reaction was correlated with match-mismatch effects, as shown by efficient coupling of the same acceptor by a donor of l-configuration.
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28
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Brown RB, Hewel JA, Emili A, Audet J. Single amino acid resolution of proteolytic fragments generated in individual cells. Cytometry A 2010; 77:347-55. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.20880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Shrestha B, Vertes A. In situ metabolic profiling of single cells by laser ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chem 2010; 81:8265-71. [PMID: 19824712 DOI: 10.1021/ac901525g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Depending on age, phase in the cell cycle, nutrition, and environmental factors, individual cells exhibit large metabolic diversity. To explore metabolic variations in cell populations, laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI) mass spectrometry (MS) was used for the in situ analysis of individual cells at atmospheric pressure. Single cell ablation was achieved by delivering mid-IR laser pulses through the etched tip of a GeO(2)-based glass fiber. Metabolic analysis was performed from single cells and small cell populations of Allium cepa and Narcissus pseudonarcissus bulb epidermis, as well as single eggs of Lytechinus pictus. Of the 332 peaks detected for A. cepa, 35 were assigned to metabolites with the help of accurate ion masses and tandem MS. The metabolic profiles from single cells of the two plant species included a large variety of oligosaccharides including possibly fructans in A. cepa, and alkaloids, e.g., lycorine in N. pseudonarcissus. Analysis of adjacent individual cells with a difference in pigmentation showed that, in addition to essential metabolites found in both variants, the pigmented cells contained anthocyanidins, other flavonoids, and their glucosides. Analysis of single epidermal cells from different scale leaves in an A. cepa bulb showed metabolic differences corresponding to their age. Our results indicate the feasibility of using LAESI-MS for the in situ analysis of metabolites in single cells with potential applications in studying cell differentiation, changes due to disease states, and response to xenobiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindesh Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry, W. M. Keck Institute for Proteomics Technology and Applications, The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
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30
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Cardelle-Cobas A, Costo R, Corzo N, Villamiel M. Fructo-oligosaccharide changes during the storage of dehydrated commercial garlic and onion samples. Int J Food Sci Technol 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.2008.01752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Anderson DMG, Carolan VA, Crosland S, Sharples KR, Clench MR. Examination of the distribution of nicosulfuron in sunflower plants by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:1321-7. [PMID: 19337978 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.3973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has been used to image the distribution of the pesticide nicosulfuron (2-[[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)aminocarbonyl]aminosulfonyl]-N,N-dimethyl-3-pyridinecarboxamide) in plant tissue using direct tissue imaging following root and foliar uptake. Sunflower plants inoculated with nicosulfuron were horizontally sectioned at varying distances along the stem in order to asses the extent of translocation; uptake via the leaves following foliar application to the leaves and uptake via the roots from a hydroponics system were compared. An improved sample preparation methodology, encasing samples in ice, allowed sections from along the whole of the plant stem from the root bundle to the growing tip to be taken. Images of fragment ions and alkali metal adducts have been generated that show the distribution of the parent compound and a phase 1 metabolite in the plant. Positive and negative controls have been included in the images to confirm ion origin and prevent false-positive results which could originate from endogenous compounds present within the plant tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M G Anderson
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Howard Street, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
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32
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Thaysen-Andersen M, Mysling S, Højrup P. Site-Specific Glycoprofiling of N-Linked Glycopeptides Using MALDI-TOF MS: Strong Correlation between Signal Strength and Glycoform Quantities. Anal Chem 2009; 81:3933-43. [DOI: 10.1021/ac900231w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Morten Thaysen-Andersen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Simon Mysling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Peter Højrup
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, Odense M, DK-5230, Denmark
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Borromei C, Careri M, Cavazza A, Corradini C, Elviri L, Mangia A, Merusi C. Evaluation of Fructooligosaccharides and Inulins as Potentially Health Benefiting Food Ingredients by HPAEC-PED and MALDI-TOF MS. Int J Anal Chem 2009; 2009:530639. [PMID: 20140077 PMCID: PMC2814132 DOI: 10.1155/2009/530639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2008] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the complementarity of high-performance anion exchange chromatography coupled with pulsed electrochemical detection (HPAEC-PED) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) to evaluate commercial available fructans (fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulins), having different degrees of polymerization (DP) which are usually employed by food industry as functional ingredients either for their prebiotic properties or as a fat replacer, giving a fat-like mouth feel and texture. The developed HPAEC-PED methods are able to analyze FOS (fructans with DP 3-10) and inulins (DP ranging from 3 to 80) with a good resolution and relatively short retention times to evaluate structural differences between fructooligosaccharide and inulins and the possible presence of inulooligosaccharides as well as of branching. To characterize FOS and inulin at different degrees of polymerization and to assure correct molecular assignment, MALDI-TOF MS analysis was also investigated. The 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2,5-DHB) was found to be the best matrix for FOS analysis as Actilight and Raftilose P95 products, while 3-aminoquinoline (3-AQ) seems to be the best matrix for inulin with higher DP. The applicability of the optimized methods to the identification and determination of FOS contained in a symbiotic milk as well as a type of inulin added as functional ingredient to a cooked ham is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Borromei
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Antonella Cavazza
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Claudio Corradini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Lisa Elviri
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Mangia
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiana Merusi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Generale ed Inorganica, Chimica Analitica, Chimica Fisica, Università di Parma, Viale Usberti 17/a, 43100 Parma, Italy
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Gholipour Y, Nonami H, Erra-Balsells R. Application of pressure probe and UV-MALDI-TOF MS for direct analysis of plant underivatized carbohydrates in subpicoliter single-cell cytoplasm extract. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2008; 19:1841-1848. [PMID: 18835726 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2008.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2008] [Revised: 07/07/2008] [Accepted: 08/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell cytoplasm sap (1-10 pL) was extracted by using a pressure probe glass microcapillary tip from tulip leaf and bulb and analyzed by UV-MALDI-TOF MS for free underivatized carbohydrate content. Three matrices including 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB), 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in positive ion mode were selected for analysis because of acceptable carbohydrate-related signal reproducibility. Disaccharide and oligosaccharide (up to 15 Hex when THAP was used, 11 Hex with DHB, and 7 Hex with CNTs) were detected in tulip bulb cell cytoplasm sample. When DHB was used as matrix, neutral carbohydrates were more abundantly detected as sodiated cations; the sugar-related signals, however, appeared as dominant potassiated cations when THAP and CNTs were used. Small amount of monosaccharide was also detected in bulb cell cytoplasm with CNTs as matrix. UV-MALDI-TOF MS of leaf cell extract resulted in high-resolution detection of hexose and disaccharide with DHB, THAP, and CNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Gholipour
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan
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35
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In situ analysis of plant tissue underivatized carbohydrates and on-probe enzymatic degraded starch by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry by using carbon nanotubes as matrix. Anal Biochem 2008; 383:159-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2008.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2008] [Revised: 08/15/2008] [Accepted: 08/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Robinson S, Warburton K, Seymour M, Clench M, Thomas-Oates J. Localization of water-soluble carbohydrates in wheat stems using imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2007; 173:438-44. [PMID: 17204089 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01934.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The pool of endogenous water-soluble oligosaccharides found in the stems of wheat (Triticum aestivum) is being investigated as a potential indicator of grain yield. Techniques such as liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC-MS) can profile these analytes but provide no spatial information regarding their distribution in the wheat stem. The imaging matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry technique has not been utilized for the analysis of oligosaccharides in plant systems previously. Imaging MALDI mass spectrometry was used to analyse cross and longitudinal sections from the stems of Triticum aestivum. A range of oligosaccharides up to Hex(11) were observed. Water-soluble oligosaccharides were ionized as potassiated molecules, and found to be located in the stem pith that is retained predominantly around the inner stem wall. Imaging MALDI analyses provided spatial information on endogenous oligosaccharides present in wheat stems. The technique was found to offer comparable sensitivities for oligosaccharide detection to those of our established LC-MS method, and has potential for broad application in studying the in situ localization of other compound types in plant material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
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Wu W, Liang Z, Zhao Z, Cai Z. Direct analysis of alkaloid profiling in plant tissue by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2007; 42:58-69. [PMID: 17149797 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A method for the direct determination of alkaloid profiling in plant tissues by using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS) was developed. The alkaloid profiles of the herbs were obtained without the need for complicated sample preparation. Experimental results demonstrated that the direct MALDI-TOFMS analysis allowed rapid and reliable characterization of the components in plant tissues. Four commonly used Chinese medicinal herbs were studied, including Aconitum Carmichaeli Debx. (Fuzi in Chinese) and Processed Fuzi, for herb differentiation and explanation of the significant difference in their toxicities. The direct analysis method proved valuable for the preliminary study of plant component profiles. The rapid collection of information from the direct analysis on plant tissues could be valuable for supporting the discovery of new compounds and for the quality control of medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
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38
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Lastovicková M, Chmelík J. Simple and fast method for recognition of reducing and nonreducing neutral carbohydrates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2006; 54:5092-7. [PMID: 16819921 DOI: 10.1021/jf052988s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Negative-ion mode matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) was used for the characterization of storage, neutral oligosaccharides extracted from Jerusalem artichoke, red onion, and wheat. The oligosaccharides from the real samples were analyzed with 2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone as the most convenient matrix that was selected in advance with the standard carbohydrate samples (inulin and maltooligosaccharides). The oligosaccharides from Jerusalem artichoke and red onion (similarly as inulin) produced [M - H](-) peaks as the main distribution, which reflects their nonreducing composition. On the contrary, the cross-ring fragmentations [M - H - 120](-) formed the main distribution in the mass spectra of hydrolyzed wheat starch similarly to reducing maltooligosaccharides and dextrans. The negative-ion mode MALDI-TOF MS is capable of recognizing reducing and nonreducing oligosaccharides. Such a simple differentiation of malto or inulin type of oligosaccharides is not possible in the positive-ion mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Lastovicková
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveri 97, 611 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
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39
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Sluszny C, Yeung ES, Nikolau BJ. In-Situ probing of the biotic-abiotic boundary of plants by laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2005; 16:107-115. [PMID: 15653370 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2004.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2004] [Revised: 09/29/2004] [Accepted: 09/29/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (LDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was applied for the direct analysis of cuticular waxes on intact plant tissues. Cuticular wax compounds were ionized by laser desorption in the presence of colloidal silver. Silver-adduct ions were detected on samples from Arabidopsis thaliana and from maize. Good spot-to-spot reproducibility indicated homogeneous coverage of the sample by the fine colloidal material. The results were consistent with GC-MS analyses of cuticular extracts, thus confirming the feasibility of direct analysis based on this protocol. Molecular masses of the adduct ions correspond well with the known composition of cuticular waxes. Moreover, LDI-TOF gave good estimates of the relative local abundances of a given compound. However, bias was found in cases where compounds with different ionization efficiencies were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chanan Sluszny
- Ames Laboratory-United States Department of Energy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
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40
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Shiomi N, Benkeblia N, Onodera S. The Metabolism of the Fructooligosaccharides in Onion Bulbs: A Comprehensive Review. J Appl Glycosci (1999) 2005. [DOI: 10.5458/jag.52.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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41
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Fukuyama Y, Kolender AA, Nishioka M, Nonami H, Matulewicz MC, Erra-Balsells R, Cerezo AS. Matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of beta-(1 --> 3), beta-(1 --> 4)-xylans from Nothogenia fastigiata using nor-harmane as matrix. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2005; 19:349-358. [PMID: 15645484 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.1783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Three xylan fractions isolated from the red seaweed Nothogenia fastigiata (Nemaliales) were analyzed by ultraviolet matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI-TOFMS). UV-MALDI-TOFMS was carried out in the linear and reflectron modes, and as routine in the positive and negative ion modes. Of the several matrices tested, nor-harmane was the only effective one giving good spectra in the positive ion mode. The number-average molar masses of two of the fractions, calculated from the distribution profiles, were lower than those determined previously by (1)H NMR analysis, suggesting a decrease in the ionization efficiency with increasing molecular weight; weight-average molar mass and polydispersity index were also determined. As the xylans retained small but significant quantities of calcium salts, the influence of added Ca(2+) as CaCl(2) on UV-MALDI-MS was investigated. The simultaneous addition of sodium chloride and calcium chloride was also analyzed. Addition of sodium chloride did not change the distribution profile of the native sample showing that the inhibitory effect is due to Ca(2+) and not to Cl(-). Addition of calcium chloride with 1:1 analyte/salt molar ratio gave spectra with less efficient desorption/ionization of oligomers; the signals of these oligomers were completely suppressed when the addition of the salt became massive (1:100 analyte/salt molar ratio).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Fukuyama
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, College of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
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42
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Xie Y, Liu J, Zhang J, Hedrick JL, Lebrilla CB. Method for the Comparative Glycomic Analyses of O-Linked, Mucin-Type Oligosaccharides. Anal Chem 2004; 76:5186-97. [PMID: 15373460 DOI: 10.1021/ac0496953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A method is presented for the direct relative quantitation of distinct O-linked mucin-type oligosaccharides. Mucin-type oligosaccharides are found in a host of tissues from anuran to humans. Because they are often associated with extracellular matrix, they play important roles in cell-cell recognition. Changes in glycosylation of O-linked oligosaccharides are associated with diseases such as cancer. In fertilization, they play an active role in sperm-egg recognition. We describe a method for observing changes in glycosylation of mucin-type oligosaccharides by incorporating deuterium in the release procedure. Oligosaccharides from two different sources are released separately by sodium tetrahydroborate and sodium tetradeuterioborate. The oligosaccharides are combined and separated into components by HPLC. By observing the ratio of deuterated and undeuterated species, changes in glycosylation are precisely quantified. This method is illustrated with mucin-type oligosaccharides from the egg jelly coat of the anuran Xenopus laevis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongming Xie
- Department of Chemistry and School of Medicine, Biological Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
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43
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Determination of neutral oligosaccharides in vegetables by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2004.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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44
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Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-36756-x_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] Open
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45
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, Münster D-48149, Germany.
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Chan TWD, Tang KY. Analysis of a bioactive beta-(1 --> 3) polysaccharide (Curdlan) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2003; 17:887-896. [PMID: 12717760 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper focuses on the development of MALDI sample preparation protocols for the analysis of a bioactive beta-(1 --> 3) polysaccharide, i.e. Curdlan. The crude Curdlan sample was first separated into a low molecular weight water-soluble portion and a high molecular weight water-insoluble portion. The water-soluble portion was analyzed using a standard MALDI sample preparation method developed for dextran analysis. Two low-mass (<4000 Da) polysaccharide distributions differing by 16 Da were observed. For the analysis of the water-insoluble portion, several sample preparation protocols were evaluated using GPC-fractionated samples. A sample preparation method based on the deposition of the analyte solution with a mixture of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) and 3-aminoquinoline (3AQ) matrices in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at elevated temperature of 70 degrees C was found to reliably produce good MALDI spectra. MALDI analysis of the water-insoluble Curdlan portion gave number-average (Mn) and weight-average (Mw) molecular weights and polydispersity of 8000 Da, 8700 Da, and 1.10, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T-W D Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong.
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Fukuyama Y, Ciancia M, Nonami H, Cerezo AS, Erra-Balsells R, Matulewicz MC. Matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser-desorption ionization and electrospray-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry of sulfated neocarrabiose oligosaccharides. Carbohydr Res 2002; 337:1553-62. [PMID: 12350325 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(02)00230-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several commercial sulfated neocarrabiose oligosaccharides were analyzed by matrix-assisted ultraviolet laser-desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UV-MALDI-TOF-MS). UV-MALDI-TOF-MS was carried out in the linear and reflectron modes and, as routine, in both the positive- and negative-ion modes. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid and nor-harmane were used as matrices. In the positive- and negative-ion modes, with both matrices, peaks corresponding to (M+Na)(+) and (M-Na)(-) ions, respectively, were obtained, with only some signals due to glycosidic linkage cleavages (prompt fragmentation). With 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid abundant matrix signals were observed; nor-harmane afforded very few matrix signals in both ion modes, but more desulfation (prompt fragmentation) of the compounds occurred. When the desorption/ionization process was highly efficient, the post-source decay (PSD) fragmentation patterns were also investigated; most of the fragments detected derived from glycosidic linkage cleavages. Electrospray-ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-TOF-MS) in the negative-ion mode confirmed, with the observation of the (M-Na)(-) and the multiply charged anions, the identity and the purity of the samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Fukuyama
- Plant Biophysics/Biochemistry Research Laboratory, College of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
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Finke B, Stahl B, Pritschet M, Facius D, Wolfgang J, Boehm G. Preparative continuous annular chromatography (P-CAC) enables the large-scale fractionation of fructans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2002; 50:4743-8. [PMID: 12166954 DOI: 10.1021/jf011576q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Fructans (fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin) are of increasing physiological and nutritional interest due to their health-promoting effects. Fructans originally extracted from chicory roots were separated by continuous annular and fixed-bed conventional gel chromatography. Both columns were packed with Toyopearl HW 40 (S) and eluted with deionized water. A multicomponent fractionation was established to obtain single oligosaccharides in a low molecular weight range up to a chain length of five and fractions containing an overall size distribution in the high molecular weight range up to a chain length of 90 monosaccharide units. The productivity and resolution of the continuous annular size exclusion chromatograph (40 cm bed height) were investigated and compared with those of the fixed-bed counterpart (2 x 100 cm bed height). The eluting fractions were analyzed by high-pH anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD). The productivity of the annular system was found to be 25-fold higher than the conventional system. Thus, annular chromatography exemplified for the fractionation of fructans is a powerful method for the large-scale and continuous fractionation of oligomeric and polymeric carbohydrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berndt Finke
- Numico Research Germany, Bahnstrasse 14-30, D-61381 Friedrichsdorf, Germany.
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Boehm G, Lidestri M, Casetta P, Jelinek J, Negretti F, Stahl B, Marini A. Supplementation of a bovine milk formula with an oligosaccharide mixture increases counts of faecal bifidobacteria in preterm infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2002; 86:F178-81. [PMID: 11978748 PMCID: PMC1721408 DOI: 10.1136/fn.86.3.f178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 245] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The establishment of a balanced intestinal microflora which may protect against infection is desirable for the preterm infant. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of a preterm formula milk supplement consisting of oligosaccharides in similar proportions to human milk on the faecal flora and stool characteristics of preterm infants. STUDY DESIGN To resemble the effect of human milk, an oligosaccharide mixture consisting of 90% galacto-oligosaccharides and 10% fructo-oligosaccharides was used to supplement a standard preterm formula at a concentration of 10 g/l. This supplemented formula was studied in 15 preterm infants, and the results were compared with those found in 15 infants fed a formula supplemented with maltodextrin as placebo. A group fed fortified mother's milk was investigated as a reference group (n = 12). On four days during a 28 day feeding period (1, 7, 14, and 28), the faecal flora was investigated, and stool characteristics, growth, and possible side effects were recorded. RESULTS During the study period, the number of bifidobacteria in the group fed the oligosaccharide supplemented formula increased to the upper range of bifidobacteria counts in the reference group. The difference between the supplemented and non-supplemented groups was highly significant (p = 0.0008). The stool characteristics were also influenced by the supplement: the stool frequency after 28 days was significantly lower in the control group than in the oligosaccharide supplemented group (p = 0.0079) and the reference group (p < 0.0001). Over the study period, the stool consistency in the control group became harder, but remained fairly stable in the other two groups. There was no effect of the different diets on the incidence of side effects (crying, regurgitation, vomiting) or on weight gain or length gain. CONCLUSION Supplementing preterm formula with a mixture of galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides at a concentration of 10 g/l stimulates the growth of bifidobacteria in the intestine and results in stool characteristics similar to those found in preterm infants fed human milk. Therefore prebiotic mixtures such as the one studied may help to improve intestinal tolerance to enteral feeding in preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Boehm
- Numico Research Germany, Friedrichsdorf, Germany.
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50
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Jacobs A, Dahlman O. Characterization of the molar masses of hemicelluloses from wood and pulps employing size exclusion chromatography and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Biomacromolecules 2002; 2:894-905. [PMID: 11710047 DOI: 10.1021/bm010050b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The molar mass parameters for arabino-4-O-methylglucuronoxylans, arabinohexenuronoxylans, 4-O-methylglucuronoxylans, hexenuronoxylans, and galactoglucomannans extracted from wood and pulps have been determined. To characterize different types of hemicelluloses, delignified wood (spruce, pine, larch, aspen, and birch) and chemical pulps (unbleached and totally chlorine-free bleached) were extracted with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or alkaline aqueous solutions. Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with off-line matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) were employed to characterize the molar masses. The hemicellulose extracts were separated by SEC into fractions each containing components with a narrow range of molar masses and the average molar mass of each fraction subsequently determined by MALDI-MS. The molar mass parameters for the hemicelluloses were then calculated on the basis of the SEC distribution curves and MALDI-MS spectra. As expected, in most cases the hemicelluloses extracted from wood (holocellulose) exhibited higher molar masses than did the corresponding hemicelluloses from chemical pulps. The molar mass parameters for hemicelluloses isolated from pulps derived from cooking samples of the same batch of softwood chips decreased in the following order: ASAM pulp > MSSAQ pulp > kraft pulp. The lowest molar masses were demonstrated by the glucuronoxylans extracted from pulps obtained by cooking with acidic sulfite. The xylans from bleached kraft pulp were characterized by molar masses that were only slightly lower than those of the corresponding xylans from unbleached pulp. The xylans extracted into DMSO exhibited somewhat lower molar masses than did the corresponding xylans extracted into alkaline aqueous solutions. In all cases the range of molar masses demonstrated by the hemicelluloses investigated was found to be rather narrow, i.e., the polydispersity index Mw/Mn was found to be approximately 1.1-1.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jacobs
- Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute (STFI), P.O. Box 5604, S-11486 Stockholm, Sweden
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