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Johnson CE, Duncan MJ, Murphy MP. Sex and Sleep Disruption as Contributing Factors in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:31-74. [PMID: 38007653 PMCID: PMC10842753 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects more women than men, with women throughout the menopausal transition potentially being the most under researched and at-risk group. Sleep disruptions, which are an established risk factor for AD, increase in prevalence with normal aging and are exacerbated in women during menopause. Sex differences showing more disrupted sleep patterns and increased AD pathology in women and female animal models have been established in literature, with much emphasis placed on loss of circulating gonadal hormones with age. Interestingly, increases in gonadotropins such as follicle stimulating hormone are emerging to be a major contributor to AD pathogenesis and may also play a role in sleep disruption, perhaps in combination with other lesser studied hormones. Several sleep influencing regions of the brain appear to be affected early in AD progression and some may exhibit sexual dimorphisms that may contribute to increased sleep disruptions in women with age. Additionally, some of the most common sleep disorders, as well as multiple health conditions that impair sleep quality, are more prevalent and more severe in women. These conditions are often comorbid with AD and have bi-directional relationships that contribute synergistically to cognitive decline and neuropathology. The association during aging of increased sleep disruption and sleep disorders, dramatic hormonal changes during and after menopause, and increased AD pathology may be interacting and contributing factors that lead to the increased number of women living with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carrie E. Johnson
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Marilyn J. Duncan
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Neuroscience, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - M. Paul Murphy
- University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Lexington, KY, USA
- University of Kentucky, Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, Lexington, KY, USA
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2
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Devi G. A how-to guide for a precision medicine approach to the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1213968. [PMID: 37662550 PMCID: PMC10469885 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1213968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Article purpose The clinical approach to Alzheimer's disease (AD) is challenging, particularly in high-functioning individuals. Accurate diagnosis is crucial, especially given the significant side effects, including brain hemorrhage, of newer monoclonal antibodies approved for treating earlier stages of Alzheimer's. Although early treatment is more effective, early diagnosis is also more difficult. Several clinical mimickers of AD exist either separately, or in conjunction with AD pathology, adding to the diagnostic complexity. To illustrate the clinical decision-making process, this study includes de-identified cases and reviews of the underlying etiology and pathology of Alzheimer's and available therapies to exemplify diagnostic and treatment subtleties. Problem The clinical presentation of Alzheimer's is complex and varied. Multiple other primary brain pathologies present with clinical phenotypes that can be difficult to distinguish from AD. Furthermore, Alzheimer's rarely exists in isolation, as almost all patients also show evidence of other primary brain pathologies, including Lewy body disease and argyrophilic grain disease. The phenotype and progression of AD can vary based on the brain regions affected by pathology, the coexistence and severity of other brain pathologies, the presence and severity of systemic comorbidities such as cardiac disease, the common co-occurrence with psychiatric diagnoses, and genetic risk factors. Additionally, symptoms and progression are influenced by an individual's brain reserve and cognitive reserve, as well as the timing of the diagnosis, which depends on the demographics of both the patient and the diagnosing physician, as well as the availability of biomarkers. Methods The optimal clinical and biomarker strategy for accurately diagnosing AD, common neuropathologic co-morbidities and mimickers, and available medication and non-medication-based treatments are discussed. Real-life examples of cognitive loss illustrate the diagnostic and treatment decision-making process as well as illustrative treatment responses. Implications AD is best considered a syndromic disorder, influenced by a multitude of patient and environmental characteristics. Additionally, AD existing alone is a unicorn, as there are nearly always coexisting other brain pathologies. Accurate diagnosis with biomarkers is essential. Treatment response is affected by the variables involved, and the effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease, as well as its prevention, requires an individualized, precision medicine strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Devi
- Neurology and Psychiatry, Zucker School of Medicine, Hempstead, NY, United States
- Neurology and Psychiatry, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York City, NY, United States
- Park Avenue Neurology, New York City, NY, United States
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3
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Nayak M, Das D, Pradhan J, Ahmed R, Laureano-Melo R, Dandapat J. Epigenetic signature in neural plasticity: the journey so far and journey ahead. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12292. [PMID: 36590572 PMCID: PMC9798197 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural plasticity is a remarkable characteristic of the brain which allows neurons to rewire their structure in response to internal and external stimuli. Many external stimuli collectively referred to as 'epigenetic factors' strongly influence structural and functional reorganization of the brain, thereby acting as a potential driver of neural plasticity. DNA methylation and demethylation, histone acetylation, and deacetylation are some of the frontline epigenetic mechanisms behind neural plasticity. Epigenetic signature molecules (mostly proteins) play a pivotal role in epigenetic reprogramming. Though neuro-epigenetics is an incredibly important field of emerging research, the critical role of signature proteins associated with epigenetic alteration and their involvement in neural plasticity needs further attention. This study gives an integrated and systematic overview of the current state of knowledge with a clear idea of types of neural plasticity and the context-dependent role of epigenetic signature molecules and their modulation by some natural bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhusmita Nayak
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India
| | - Diptimayee Das
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Faculty of Allied Health Science, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chettinad Hospital and Research Institute, Chennai India
| | - Jyotsnarani Pradhan
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Corresponding author.
| | - R.G. Ahmed
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Roberto Laureano-Melo
- Barra Mansa University Center, R. Ver. Pinho de Carvalho, 267, 27330-550, Barra Mansa, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jagneshwar Dandapat
- Post-Graduate Department of Biotechnology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Centre of Excellence in Integrated Omics and Computational Biology, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar 751004, Odisha, India,Corresponding author.
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4
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Benitez A, Riquelme R, del Campo M, Araya C, Lara HE. Nerve Growth Factor: A Dual Activator of Noradrenergic and Cholinergic Systems of the Rat Ovary. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:636600. [PMID: 33716987 PMCID: PMC7947612 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.636600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The functioning of the ovary is influenced by the autonomic system (sympathetic and cholinergic intraovarian system) which contributes to the regulation of steroid secretion, follicular development, and ovulation. There is no information on the primary signal that activates both systems. The nerve growth factor (NGF) was the first neurotrophic factor found to regulate ovarian noradrenergic neurons and the cholinergic neurons in the central nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine whether NGF is one of the participating neurotrophic factors in the activation of the sympathetic and cholinergic system of the ovary in vivo and its role in follicular development during normal or pathological states. The administration of estradiol valerate (a polycystic ovary [PCO] phenotype model) increased norepinephrine (NE) (through an NGF-dependent mechanism) and acetylcholine (ACh) levels. Intraovarian exposure of rats for 28 days to NGF (by means of an osmotic minipump) increased the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, the enzyme that degrades ACh) without affecting enzyme activity but reduced ovarian ACh levels. In vitro exposure of the ovary to NGF (100 ng/ml for 3 h) increased both choline acetyl transferase and vesicular ACh transporter expression in the ovary, with no effect in ACh level. In vivo NGF led to an anovulatory condition with the appearance of follicular cysts and decreased number of corpora lutea (corresponding to noradrenergic activation). To determine whether the predominance of a NE-induced polycystic condition after NGF is responsible for the PCO phenotype, rats were exposed to an intraovarian administration of carbachol (100 μM), a muscarinic cholinergic agonist not degraded by AChE. Decreased the number of follicular cysts and increased the number of corpora lutea, reinforcing that cholinergic activity of the ovary participates in controlling its functions. Although NGF increased the biosynthetic capacity for ACh, it was not available to act in the ovary. Hence, NGF also regulates the ovarian cholinergic system, implying that NGF is the main regulator of the dual autonomic control. These findings highlight the need for research in the treatment of PCO syndrome by modification of locally produced ACh as an in vivo regulator of follicular development.
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5
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Furusawa K, Emoto K. Spatiotemporal regulation of developmental neurite pruning: Molecular and cellular insights from Drosophila models. Neurosci Res 2020; 167:54-63. [PMID: 33309868 DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2020.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Developmental neurite pruning is a process by which neurons selectively eliminate unnecessary processes of axons and/or dendrites without cell death, which shapes the mature wiring of nervous systems. In this sense, developmental neurite pruning requires spatiotemporally precise control of local degradation of cellular components including cytoskeletons and membranes. The Drosophila nervous system undergoes large-scale remodeling, including axon/dendrite pruning, during metamorphosis. In addition to this unique phenomenon in the nervous system, powerful genetic tools make the Drosophila nervous system a sophisticated model to investigate spatiotemporal regulation of neural remodeling. This article reviews recent advances to our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of developmental axon/dendrite pruning, mainly focusing on studies in Drosophila sensory neurons and mushroom body neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Furusawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Kazuo Emoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
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6
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Li Z, Jiang T, Lu Q, Xu K, He J, Xie L, Chen Z, Zheng Z, Ye L, Xu K, Zhang H, Hu A. Berberine attenuated the cytotoxicity induced by t-BHP via inhibiting oxidative stress and mitochondria dysfunction in PC-12 cells. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:587-602. [PMID: 31828466 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00756-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases all share several common features such as involvement of oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in pathogenesis. Oxidative stress induced by overproduction of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) or impairment of the antioxidant deficiency results in mitochondrial dysfunction and initiation of the cell death cascade. Berberine (BBR), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been reported to exert anti-oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis effect in CNS diseases. However, the mechanism of BBR on regulating mitophagy and protecting mitochondrial function under oxidative stress remains unclear. In present study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of BBR on the tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP)-induced cytotoxicity. Furthermore, we explored the protective role of BBR in mitochondrial function and mitophagy under oxidative stress in PC-12 cells. Our results demonstrated that BBR effectively inhibited t-BHP-induced apoptosis which is associated with the decreased leakage of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ROS overproduction. Moreover, BBR significantly suppressed cytochrome c expression, upregulated the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax, and ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction by optimizing mitochondria membrane potential (ΔΨm) status and ATP production. In addition, BBR reduced the expression of autophagy-specific marker LC3, SQTM1/p62, and maintained lysosome normal function which involved the restoration of upstream signaling pathway AKT and mTOR phosphorylation level. Collectively, these findings suggested that BBR protects PC-12 cells from oxidative injury through inhibiting ROS level, mitochondria dysfunction, and mitophagy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways, which suggest a potential therapeutic strategy for oxidative stress and neurotoxic damages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qi Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Institute of Life Sciences, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianping He
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaoxing No. 2 Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shaoxing No. 2 Hospital, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zaifeng Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Cixi People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical Uinversity, Ninbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhilong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Luxia Ye
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kebin Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Ningbo No. 2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Aiping Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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7
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying the cognitive changes associated with the menopausal transition prevents misattribution of symptoms to more ominous causes such as neurodegenerative disease. CASE Two women with cognitive loss and objective evidence of menopause-related cognitive impairment are presented, misattributed to Alzheimer disease in one case and frontotemporal dementia in the other. Neurocognitive testing, neuroimaging, and laboratory findings are reviewed. Both women were diagnosed with menopause-related cognitive impairment and were stable in follow-up over 4 or more years. CONCLUSIONS Recognizing the cognitive changes associated with menopause and distinguishing from cognitive impairment resulting from other etiologies-including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer disease-has important clinical implications both for treatment and for prognosis.
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8
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Yousuf H, Smies CW, Hafenbreidel M, Tuscher JJ, Fortress AM, Frick KM, Mueller D. Infralimbic Estradiol Enhances Neuronal Excitability and Facilitates Extinction of Cocaine Seeking in Female Rats via a BDNF/TrkB Mechanism. Front Behav Neurosci 2019; 13:168. [PMID: 31417375 PMCID: PMC6684748 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2019.00168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Women are more susceptible to developing cocaine dependence than men, but paradoxically, are more responsive to treatment. The potent estrogen, 17β-estradiol (E2), mediates these effects by augmenting cocaine seeking but also promoting extinction of cocaine seeking through E2's memory-enhancing functions. Although we have previously shown that E2 facilitates extinction, the neuroanatomical locus of action and underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here we demonstrate that E2 infused directly into the infralimbic-medial prefrontal cortex (IL-mPFC), a region critical for extinction consolidation, enhances extinction of cocaine seeking in ovariectomized (OVX) female rats. Using patch-clamp electrophysiology, we show that E2 may facilitate extinction by potentiating intrinsic excitability of IL-mPFC neurons. Because the mnemonic effects of E2 are known to be regulated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its receptor, tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), we examined whether BDNF/TrkB signaling was necessary for E2-induced enhancement of excitability and extinction. We found that E2-mediated increases in excitability of IL-mPFC neurons were abolished by Trk receptor blockade. Moreover, blockade of TrkB signaling impaired E2-facilitated extinction of cocaine seeking in OVX female rats. Thus, E2 enhances IL-mPFC neuronal excitability in a TrkB-dependent manner to support extinction of cocaine seeking. Our findings suggest that pharmacological enhancement of E2 or BDNF/TrkB signaling during extinction-based therapies would improve therapeutic outcome in cocaine-addicted women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Yousuf
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Chad W Smies
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Madalyn Hafenbreidel
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Jennifer J Tuscher
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Ashley M Fortress
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Karyn M Frick
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Devin Mueller
- Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH, United States
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9
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Mohajeri M, Martín-Jiménez C, Barreto GE, Sahebkar A. Effects of estrogens and androgens on mitochondria under normal and pathological conditions. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 176:54-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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10
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Zhou M, Sareddy GR, Li M, Liu J, Luo Y, Venkata PP, Viswanadhapalli S, Tekmal RR, Brenner A, Vadlamudi RK. Estrogen receptor beta enhances chemotherapy response of GBM cells by down regulating DNA damage response pathways. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6124. [PMID: 30992459 PMCID: PMC6467924 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42313-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most commonly diagnosed brain tumor that exhibit high mortality rate and chemotherapy resistance is a major clinical problem. Recent studies suggest that estrogen receptor beta (ERβ), may function as a tumor suppressor in GBM. However, the mechanism(s) by which ERβ contributes to GBM suppression and chemotherapy response remains unknown. We examined the role of ERβ in the DNA damage response of GBM cells, and tested whether ERβ sensitizes GBM cells to chemotherapy. Cell viability and survival assays using multiple epitope tagged ERβ expressing established and primary GBM cells demonstrated that ERβ sensitizes GBM cells to DNA damaging agents including temozolomide (TMZ). RNA-seq studies using ERβ overexpression models revealed downregulation of number of genes involved in DNA recombination and repair, ATM signaling and cell cycle check point control. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that ERβ–modulated genes were correlated negatively with homologous recombination, mismatch repair and G2M checkpoint genes. Further, RT-qPCR analysis revealed that chemotherapy induced activation of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis genes were attenuated in ERβKO cells. Additionally, ERβ overexpressing cells had a higher number of γH2AX foci following TMZ treatment. Mechanistic studies showed that ERβ plays an important role in homologous recombination (HR) mediated repair and ERβ reduced expression and activation of ATM upon DNA damage. More importantly, GBM cells expressing ERβ had increased survival when compared to control GBM cells in orthotopic GBM models. ERβ overexpression further enhanced the survival of mice to TMZ therapy in both TMZ sensitive and TMZ resistant GBM models. Additionally, IHC analysis revealed that ERβ tumors had increased expression of γH2AX and cleaved caspase-3. Using ERβ-overexpression and ERβ-KO GBM model cells, we have provided the evidence that ERβ is required for optimal chemotherapy induced DNA damage response and apoptosis in GBM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Xiangya hospital, Central South University, Changsha Shi, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Gangadhara R Sareddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Mengxing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya hospital, Central South University, Changsha Shi, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Jinyou Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya hospital, Central South University, Changsha Shi, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Yiliao Luo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Shi, Hunan, 410008, P. R. China
| | - Prabhakar Pitta Venkata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Suryavathi Viswanadhapalli
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Rajeshwar R Tekmal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Andrew Brenner
- Hematology & Oncology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA. .,Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA.
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11
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Gebhart VM, Caldwell JD, Rodewald A, Kalyvianaki K, Kampa M, Jirikowski GF. Estrogen receptors and sex hormone binding globulin in neuronal cells and tissue. Steroids 2019; 142:94-99. [PMID: 30030052 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens exert a critical influence on neuronal tissues and cells. As demonstrated in many clinical studies, estrogens are neuroprotective to the extent that they improve prognosis for women with neurodegenerative diseases. Unfortunately, we still do not know exactly how these effects are mediated. Fifty years ago the first estrogen receptor was found, but since then many other new pathways of estrogen action have been identified. This review describes several of these pathways of estrogen effects and provides some conclusions and correlations about these as determined by recent studies with nerve growth factor differentiated rat pheochromocytoma cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jack D Caldwell
- Department of Pharmacology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Spartanburg, SC, United States
| | | | - Konstantina Kalyvianaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Marilena Kampa
- Laboratory of Experimental Endocrinology, University of Crete, School of Medicine, Heraklion, Greece
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12
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17β-estradiol modulates NGF and BDNF expression through ERβ mediated ERK signaling in cortical astrocytes. Biologia (Bratisl) 2018. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-018-0099-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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13
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Precision medicine and drug development in Alzheimer's disease: the importance of sexual dimorphism and patient stratification. Front Neuroendocrinol 2018; 50:31-51. [PMID: 29902481 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (ND) are among the leading causes of disability and mortality. Considerable sex differences exist in the occurrence of the various manifestations leading to cognitive decline. Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibits substantial sexual dimorphisms and disproportionately affects women. Women have a higher life expectancy compared to men and, consequently, have more lifespan to develop AD. The emerging precision medicine and pharmacology concepts - taking into account the individual genetic and biological variability relevant for disease risk, prevention, detection, diagnosis, and treatment - are expected to substantially enhance our knowledge and management of AD. Stratifying the affected individuals by sex and gender is an important basic step towards personalization of scientific research, drug development, and care. We hypothesize that sex and gender differences, extending from genetic to psychosocial domains, are highly relevant for the understanding of AD pathophysiology, and for the conceptualization of basic/translational research and for clinical therapy trial design.
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14
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Ivanova GP, Gorobets LN, Litvinov AV, Bulanov VS, Vasilenko LM. [A role of progesterone and its metabolites in regulation functions of the brain]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018; 118:129-137. [PMID: 29927417 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro201811851129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The review presents literature data reflecting the nature and mechanism of the effect of progesterone and its metabolites on human and animal brain structures. Particular attention is paid to neuroprotective, anticonvulsant, anti-anxiety and sedative properties of this hormone, which determines the prospect of its use for the prevention and treatment of human neurodegenerative diseases, epilepsy, sleep disorders, and anxiety-depressive spectrum disorders, including premenstrual and climacteric syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- G P Ivanova
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - L N Gorobets
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Litvinov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V S Bulanov
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - L M Vasilenko
- Serbsky National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
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15
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Céspedes Rubio ÁE, Pérez-Alvarez MJ, Lapuente Chala C, Wandosell F. Sex steroid hormones as neuroprotective elements in ischemia models. J Endocrinol 2018; 237:R65-R81. [PMID: 29654072 DOI: 10.1530/joe-18-0129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Among sex steroid hormones, progesterone and estradiol have a wide diversity of physiological activities that target the nervous system. Not only are they carried by the blood stream, but also they are locally synthesized in the brain and for this reason, estradiol and progesterone are considered 'neurosteroids'. The physiological actions of both hormones range from brain development and neurotransmission to aging, illustrating the importance of a deep understanding of their mechanisms of action. In this review, we summarize key roles that estradiol and progesterone play in the brain. As numerous reports have confirmed a substantial neuroprotective role for estradiol in models of neurodegenerative disease, we focus this review on traumatic brain injury and stroke models. We describe updated data from receptor and signaling events triggered by both hormones, with an emphasis on the mechanisms that have been reported as 'rapid' or 'cytoplasmic actions'. Data showing the therapeutic effects of the hormones, used alone or in combination, are also summarized, with a focus on rodent models of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Finally, we draw attention to evidence that neuroprotection by both hormones might be due to a combination of 'cytoplasmic' and 'nuclear' signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Enrique Céspedes Rubio
- Departamento de Sanidad AnimalGrupo de Investigación en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Maria José Pérez-Alvarez
- Departamento de Biología (Fisiología Animal)Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa'Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
| | - Catalina Lapuente Chala
- Grupo de Investigación en Enfermedades NeurodegenerativasInvestigador Asociado Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Francisco Wandosell
- Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa'Departamento de Neuropatología Molecular CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED)Madrid, Spain
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Larson TA. Sex Steroids, Adult Neurogenesis, and Inflammation in CNS Homeostasis, Degeneration, and Repair. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018; 9:205. [PMID: 29760681 PMCID: PMC5936772 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex steroidal hormones coordinate the development and maintenance of tissue architecture in many organs, including the central nervous systems (CNS). Within the CNS, sex steroids regulate the morphology, physiology, and behavior of a wide variety of neural cells including, but not limited to, neurons, glia, endothelial cells, and immune cells. Sex steroids spatially and temporally control distinct molecular networks, that, in turn modulate neural activity, synaptic plasticity, growth factor expression and function, nutrient exchange, cellular proliferation, and apoptosis. Over the last several decades, it has become increasingly evident that sex steroids, often in conjunction with neuroinflammation, have profound impact on the occurrence and severity of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Here, I review the foundational discoveries that established the regulatory role of sex steroids in the CNS and highlight recent advances toward elucidating the complex interaction between sex steroids, neuroinflammation, and CNS regeneration through adult neurogenesis. The majority of recent work has focused on neuroinflammatory responses following acute physical damage, chronic degeneration, or pharmacological insult. Few studies directly assess the role of immune cells in regulating adult neurogenesis under healthy, homeostatic conditions. As such, I also introduce tractable, non-traditional models for examining the role of neuroimmune cells in natural neuronal turnover, seasonal plasticity of neural circuits, and extreme CNS regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy A. Larson
- Department of Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States
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Ravenelle R, Berman AK, La J, Mason B, Asumadu E, Yelleswarapu C, Donaldson ST. Sex matters: females in proestrus show greater diazepam anxiolysis and brain-derived neurotrophin factor- and parvalbumin-positive neurons than males. Eur J Neurosci 2018; 47:994-1002. [PMID: 29461650 PMCID: PMC5902654 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In humans and animal models, sex differences are reported for anxiety-like behavior and response to anxiogenic stimuli. In the current work, we studied anxiety-like behavior and response to the prototypical anti-anxiety drug, diazepam. We used 6th generation outbred lines of adult Long Evans rats with high and low anxiety-like behavior phenotypes to investigate the impact of proestrus on the baseline and diazepam-induced behavior. At three doses of diazepam (0, 0.1, and 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.), we measured anxiogenic responses on the elevated plus maze of adult male and female rats. We assessed parvalbumin and brain-derived neurotrophin protein levels in forebrain and limbic structures implicated in anxiety/stress using immunohistochemistry. At baseline, we saw significant differences between anxiety lines, with high anxiety lines displaying less time on the open arms of the elevated plus maze, and less open arm entries, regardless of sex. During proestrus, high anxiety females showed less anxiety-like behavior at 0.1 mg/kg, while low anxiety females displayed less anxiety-like behavior at 0.1 and 1.0 doses, relative to males. Brain-derived neurotrophin protein was elevated in females in the medial prefrontal cortex and central amygdala, while parvalbumin-immunoreactive cells were greater in males in the medial prefrontal cortex. Parvalbumin-positive cells in high anxiety females were higher in CA2 and dentate gyrus relative to males from the same line. In sum, when tested in proestrus, females showed greater anxiolytic effects of diazepam relative to males, and this correlated with increases in neurotrophin and parvalbumin neuron density in corticolimbic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ravenelle
- City University of New York, CUNY Neuroscience Collaborative, The Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Ave., New York, NY 10016 USA
| | - Ariel K. Berman
- Department of Psychology, Western Michigan University, 1526 Wood Hall, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA
| | - Jeffrey La
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125 USA
| | - Briana Mason
- Developmental and Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125 USA
| | - Evans Asumadu
- Developmental and Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125 USA
| | - Chandra Yelleswarapu
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125 USA
| | - S. Tiffany Donaldson
- Developmental and Brain Sciences, Department of Psychology, University of Massachusetts Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125 USA
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18
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Adhya D, Annuario E, Lancaster MA, Price J, Baron‐Cohen S, Srivastava DP. Understanding the role of steroids in typical and atypical brain development: Advantages of using a "brain in a dish" approach. J Neuroendocrinol 2018; 30:e12547. [PMID: 29024164 PMCID: PMC5838783 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Steroids have an important role in growth, development, sexual differentiation and reproduction. All four classes of steroids, androgens, oestrogens, progestogens and glucocorticoids, have varying effects on the brain. Androgens and oestrogens are involved in the sexual differentiation of the brain, and also influence cognition. Progestogens such as progesterone and its metabolites have been shown to be involved in neuroprotection, although their protective effects are timing-dependent. Glucocorticoids are linked with stress and memory performance, also in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Importantly, dysfunction in steroid function has been implicated in the pathogenesis of disease. Moreover, regulating steroid-signalling has been suggested as potential therapeutic avenue for the treatment of a number of neurodevelopmental, psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Therefore, clarifying the role of steroids in typical and atypical brain function is essential for understanding typical brain functions, as well as determining their potential use for pharmacological intervention in the atypical brain. However, the majority of studies have thus far have been conducted using animal models, with limited work using native human tissue or cells. Here, we review the effect of steroids in the typical and atypical brain, focusing on the cellular, molecular functions of these molecules determined from animal models, and the therapeutic potential as highlighted by human studies. We further discuss the promise of human-induced pluripotent stem cells, including advantages of using three-dimensional neuronal cultures (organoids) in high-throughput screens, in accelerating our understanding of the role of steroids in the typical brain, and also with respect to their therapeutic value in the understanding and treatment of the atypical brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Adhya
- Department of PsychiatryAutism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular BiologyCambridgeUK
| | - E. Annuario
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | | | - J. Price
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
- National Institute for Biological Standards and ControlSouth MimmsUK
| | - S. Baron‐Cohen
- Department of PsychiatryAutism Research CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - D. P. Srivastava
- Department of Basic and Clinical NeuroscienceMaurice Wohl Clinical Neuroscience InstituteInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
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19
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Russell AL, Grimes JM, Cruthirds DF, Westerfield J, Wooten L, Keil M, Weiser MJ, Landauer MR, Handa RJ, Wu TJ, Larco DO. Dietary Isoflavone-Dependent and Estradiol Replacement Effects on Body Weight in the Ovariectomized (OVX) Rat. Horm Metab Res 2017; 49:457-465. [PMID: 28482370 PMCID: PMC5820000 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-108250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
17β-Estradiol is known to regulate energy metabolism and body weight. Ovariectomy results in body weight gain while estradiol administration results in a reversal of weight gain. Isoflavones, found in rodent chow, can mimic estrogenic effects making it crucial to understand the role of these compounds on metabolic regulation. The goal of this study is to examine the effect of dietary isoflavones on body weight regulation in the ovariectomized rat. This study will examine how dietary isoflavones can interact with estradiol treatment to affect body weight. Consistent with previous findings, animals fed an isoflavone-rich diet had decreased body weight (p<0.05), abdominal fat (p<0.05), and serum leptin levels (p<0.05) compared to animals fed an isoflavone-free diet. Estradiol replacement resulted in decreased body weight (p<0.05), abdominal fat (p<0.05), and serum leptin (p<0.05). Current literature suggests the involvement of cytokines in the inflammatory response of body weight gain. We screened a host of cytokines and chemokines that may be altered by dietary isoflavones or estradiol replacement. Serum cytokine analysis revealed significant (p<0.05) diet-dependent increases in inflammatory cytokines (keratinocyte-derived chemokine). The isoflavone-free diet in OVX rats resulted in the regulation of the following cytokines and chemokines: interleukin-10, interleukin-18, serum regulated on activation, normal T cell expressed and secreted, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (p<0.05). Overall, these results reveal that estradiol treatment can have differential effects on energy metabolism and body weight regulation depending on the presence of isoflavones in rodent chow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L. Russell
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jamie Moran Grimes
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Danette F. Cruthirds
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joanna Westerfield
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lawren Wooten
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Michael J. Weiser
- DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Human Nutrition & Health, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Michael R. Landauer
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert J. Handa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - T. John Wu
- Program in Neuroscience, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Darwin O. Larco
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Chen X, Tao L, Li J, Wu J, Zhu C, Yu F, Zhang L, Zhang J, Qiu B, Yu Y, Wang K, Wang K. The Working Memory and Dorsolateral Prefrontal-Hippocampal Functional Connectivity Changes in Long-Term Survival Breast Cancer Patients Treated with Tamoxifen. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2017; 20:374-382. [PMID: 28177081 PMCID: PMC5417059 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tamoxifen is the most widely used drug for treating patients with estrogen receptor-sensitive breast cancer. There is evidence that breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen exhibit cognitive dysfunction. However, the underlying neural mechanism remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the neural mechanisms underlying working memory deficits in combination with functional connectivity changes in premenopausal women with breast cancer who received long-term tamoxifen treatment. METHODS A total of 31 premenopausal women with breast cancer who received tamoxifen and 32 matched healthy control participants were included. The participants completed n-back tasks and underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, which measure working memory performance and brain functional connectivity, respectively. A seed-based functional connectivity analysis within the whole brain was conducted, for which the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was chosen as the seed region. RESULTS Our results indicated that the tamoxifen group had significant deficits in working memory and general executive function performance and significantly lower functional connectivity of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with the right hippocampus compared with the healthy controls. There were no significant changes in functional connectivity in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex within the whole brain between the tamoxifen group and healthy controls. Moreover, significant correlations were found in the tamoxifen group between the functional connectivity strength of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with the right hippocampus and decreased working memory performance. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus may be affected by tamoxifen treatment, supporting an antagonistic role of tamoxifen in the long-term treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingui Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Longxiang Tao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Jiaonan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Fengqiong Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Chen and Wang and Mrs Wu); Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China (Drs Chen, Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China (Dr Qiu and Mr He); Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Tao and Yu); Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Mrs Li); Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Drs Zhu, Yu, L. Zhang, and Wang); Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China (Dr J. Zhang)
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, China.,Department of Medical Psychology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Windham GC, Lyall K, Anderson M, Kharrazi M. Autism Spectrum Disorder Risk in Relation to Maternal Mid-Pregnancy Serum Hormone and Protein Markers from Prenatal Screening in California. J Autism Dev Disord 2016; 46:478-88. [PMID: 26370672 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-015-2587-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We examined prenatal screening markers and offspring autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using California statewide data on singleton births in 1996 and 2002. Second trimester levels of unconjugated estriol (uE3), human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) were compared between mothers of children with ASD (n = 2586) and of non-cases (n = 600,103). Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated by logistic regression. Lower uE3 (AOR for < 10th percentile vs. 25th-74th percentiles = 1.21, 95 % CI 1.06-1.37), and higher MSAFP (AOR = 1.21, 95 % CI 1.07-1.37 for > 90th percentile) were significantly associated with ASD. A U-shaped relationship was seen for hCG (AOR = 1.16, 95 % CI 1.02-1.32 for < 10th percentile; AOR = 1.19, 95 % CI 1.05-1.36 for > 90th percentile). Our results further support prenatal hormone involvement in ASD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayle C Windham
- California Department of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA.
| | - Kristen Lyall
- California Department of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA.,A. J. Drexel Autism Inst., Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Meredith Anderson
- Impact Assessment Inc., 2166 Avenida de la Playa, Suite F, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Martin Kharrazi
- California Department of Public Health, Genetics Disease Screening Program, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA.,California Department of Public Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Disease Control, Environmental Health Investigations Branch, 850 Marina Bay Parkway, Richmond, CA, 94804, USA
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22
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Hu P, Liu J, Yasrebi A, Gotthardt JD, Bello NT, Pang ZP, Roepke TA. Gq Protein-Coupled Membrane-Initiated Estrogen Signaling Rapidly Excites Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus in Female Mice. Endocrinology 2016; 157:3604-20. [PMID: 27387482 PMCID: PMC5007888 DOI: 10.1210/en.2016-1191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CRH neurons in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) play a central role in regulating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and are directly influenced by 17β-estradiol (E2). Although compelling evidence has suggested the existence of membrane-associated estrogen receptors (mERs) in hypothalamic and other central nervous system neurons, it remains unknown whether E2 impacts CRH neuronal excitability through this mechanism. The purpose of the current study is to examine the existence and function of mER signaling in PVN CRH neurons. Whole-cell recordings were made from CRH neurons identified by Alexa Fluor 594 labeling and post hoc immunostaining in ovariectomized female mice. E2 (100nM) rapidly suppressed the M-current (a voltage-dependent K(+) current) and potentiated glutamatergic excitatory postsynaptic currents. The putative Gq-coupled mER (Gq-mER) characterized in hypothalamic proopiomelanocortin neurons initiates a phospholipase C-protein kinase C-protein kinase A pathway; therefore, we examined the involvement of this pathway using selective inhibitors. Indeed, the ER antagonist ICI 182780 and inhibitors of Gq-phospholipase C-protein kinase C-protein kinase A blocked E2's actions, suggesting dependence on the Gq-mER. Furthermore, STX, a selective ligand for the Gq-mER, mimicked E2's actions. Finally, to examine the in vivo effect of Gq-mER activation, E2 or STX injection increased c-fos expression in CRH neurons in the PVN, suggesting CRH neuronal activation. This corresponded to an increase in plasma corticosterone. We conclude that the Gq-mER plays a critical role in the rapid regulation of CRH neuronal activity and the HPA axis. Our findings provide a potential underlying mechanism for E2's involvement in the pathophysiology of HPA-associated mood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Hu
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Ali Yasrebi
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Juliet D Gotthardt
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Nicholas T Bello
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Zhiping P Pang
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
| | - Troy A Roepke
- Department of Animal Sciences (P.H., A.Y., J.D.G., N.T.B., T.A.R.), School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and Child Health Institute of New Jersey (J.L., Z.P.P.) and Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology (J.L., Z.P.P.), Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901
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Lai YJ, Yu D, Zhang JH, Chen GJ. Cooperation of Genomic and Rapid Nongenomic Actions of Estrogens in Synaptic Plasticity. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:4113-4126. [PMID: 27324789 PMCID: PMC5509832 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-9979-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neuroplasticity refers to the changes in the molecular and cellular processes of neural circuits that occur in response to environmental experiences. Clinical and experimental studies have increasingly shown that estrogens participate in the neuroplasticity involved in cognition, behavior, and memory. It is generally accepted that estrogens exert their effects through genomic actions that occur over a period of hours to days. However, emerging evidence indicates that estrogens also rapidly influence the neural circuitry through nongenomic actions. In this review, we provide an overview of the genomic and nongenomic actions of estrogens and discuss how these actions may cooperate in synaptic plasticity. We then summarize the role of epigenetic modifications, synaptic protein synthesis, and posttranslational modifications, and the splice variants of estrogen receptors in the complicated network of estrogens. The combination of genomic and nongenomic mechanisms endows estrogens with considerable diversity in modulating neural functions including synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jie Lai
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Haikou Municipal Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - Dan Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College of Central South University, Haikou Municipal Hospital, Haikou, Hainan, 570208, China
| | - John H Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, 92354, USA
| | - Guo-Jun Chen
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1 Youyi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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24
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Flahr LM, Michel NL, Zahara ARD, Jones PD, Morrissey CA. Developmental Exposure to Aroclor 1254 Alters Migratory Behavior in Juvenile European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:6274-6283. [PMID: 25893686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Birds exposed to endocrine disrupting chemicals during development could be susceptible to neurological and other physiological changes affecting migratory behaviors. We investigated the effects of ecologically relevant levels of Aroclor 1254, a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture, on moult, fattening, migratory activity, and orientation in juvenile European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Birds were orally administered 0 (control), 0.35 (low), 0.70 (intermediate), or 1.05 (high) μg Aroclor 1254/g-body weight by gavage from 1 through 18 days posthatch and later exposed in captivity to a photoperiod shift simulating an autumn migration. Migratory activity and orientation were examined using Emlen funnel trials. Across treatments, we found significant increases in mass, fat, and moulting and decreasing plasma thyroid hormones over time. We observed a significant increase in activity as photoperiod was shifted from 13L:11D (light:dark) to 12L:12D, demonstrating that migratory condition was induced in captivity. At 12L:12D, control birds oriented to 155.95° (South-Southeast), while high-dosed birds did not. High-dosed birds showed a delayed orientation to 197.48° (South-Southwest) under 10L:14D, concomitant with apparent delays in moult. These findings demonstrate how subtle contaminant-induced alterations during development could lead to longer-scale effects, including changes in migratory activity and orientation, which could potentially result in deleterious effects on fitness and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne M Flahr
- †Toxicology Graduate Program, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5B3
- ‡Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5B3
| | - Nicole L Michel
- §School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5C8
| | - Alexander R D Zahara
- ∥Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5E2
| | - Paul D Jones
- ‡Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5B3
- §School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5C8
| | - Christy A Morrissey
- ‡Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5B3
- ∥Department of Biology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada, S7N 5E2
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25
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Habauzit D, Ferrière F, Botherel N, Flouriot G, Pakdel F, Saligaut C. Differentiation of PC12 cells expressing estrogen receptor alpha: a new bioassay for endocrine-disrupting chemicals evaluation. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 112:240-247. [PMID: 25048912 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Xeno-estrogens, a class of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), can disturb estrogen receptor-dependent pathways involved in differentiation, proliferation or protection. Multiple methods have been developed to characterize the disturbances induced by EDCs in different cells or organs. In this study we have developed a new tool for the assessment of estrogenic compounds on differentiation. For this purpose we used the global model of NGF-induced neurite outgrowth of a pseudoneuronal PC12 cell line stably transfected with estrogen receptor alpha (PC12 ER). This new test evidences a new selectivity in which estradiol, genistein and 4-hydroxytamoxifen increased the NGF-induced neurite outgrowth of PC12 ER cells in a dose-dependent manner. In contrast, the strong estrogen agonist 17α-ethynylestradiol, the strong antagonist raloxifene and the agonist bisphenol A were unable to modify the neuritogenesis of PC12 ER cells. Therefore, the analysis of neuritogenesis in PC12 ER cells constitutes a complementary tool for the characterization of xeno-estrogen activity and also serves as a basis for further studies focusing on the mechanisms of EDCs in a neuronal context. Moreover, this test constitutes an alternative to animal testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Habauzit
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France.
| | - François Ferrière
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France
| | - Nadine Botherel
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France
| | - Gilles Flouriot
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France
| | - Farzad Pakdel
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France.
| | - Christian Saligaut
- Institut de Recherche en Santé Environnement et Travail (IRSET), INSERM U1085, Equipe TREC, Université de Rennes 1, SFR Biosit, Rennes, France
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26
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Chen X, Li J, Chen J, Li D, Ye R, Zhang J, Zhu C, Tian Y, Wang K. Decision-making impairments in breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen. Horm Behav 2014; 66:449-56. [PMID: 25036869 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen (TAM) is most commonly prescribed for patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer. Although TAM can bind to estrogen receptors in the nervous system, it is unknown whether it acts as an estrogen agonist or antagonist in the human brain. Several studies have reported the negative effects of TAM on cognitive function; however, its effects on decision-making function have not been previously explored. The present study aimed to investigate the decision-making function under ambiguity and risk in breast cancer patients treated with TAM. Participants included breast cancer patients taking TAM (TAM, n=47) and breast cancer patients not taking TAM (non-TAM, n=45) as well as their matched healthy controls (HC, n=50). All participants were given the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) to assess their decision-making under conditions involving ambiguity, the Game of Dice Task (GDT) to assess their decision-making under conditions involving risk, and a battery of neuropsychological tests. Our results indicated that patients in the TAM group were significantly impaired as assessed by both the IGT and GDT and performed significantly worse on some aspects of various tasks involving memory and information processing. Furthermore, we found that decreased performance on verbal memory testing significantly correlated with IGT performance, and executive dysfunction was associated with poor GDT performance in breast cancer patients undergoing TAM treatment. This study demonstrates that breast cancer patients taking TAM have several decision-making impairments. These findings may support the idea that TAM resulting in cognitive changes plays an antagonistic role in the areas of the brain where estrogen receptors are present, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and amygdala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingui Chen
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juluo Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Rong Ye
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jingjie Zhang
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chunyan Zhu
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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27
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Firozan B, Goudarzi I, Elahdadi Salmani M, Lashkarbolouki T, Rezaei A, Abrari K. Estradiol increases expression of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor after acute administration of ethanol in the neonatal rat cerebellum. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 732:1-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Benmansour S, Privratsky AA, Adeniji OS, Frazer A. Signaling mechanisms involved in the acute effects of estradiol on 5-HT clearance. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 17:765-77. [PMID: 24423185 PMCID: PMC3969768 DOI: 10.1017/s146114571300165x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Estradiol was found previously to have an antidepressant-like effect and to block the ability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to have an antidepressant-like effect. The antidepressant-like effect of estradiol was due to estrogen receptor β (ERβ) and/or GPR30 activation, whereas estradiol's blockade of the effect of an SSRI was mediated by ERα. This study focuses on investigating signaling pathways as well as interacting receptors associated with these two effects of estradiol. In vivo chronoamperometry was used to measure serotonin transporter (SERT) function. The effect of local application of estradiol or selective agonists for ERα (PPT) or ERβ (DPN) into the CA3 region of the hippocampus of ovariectomized (OVX) rats on 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) clearance as well as on the ability of fluvoxamine to slow 5-HT clearance was examined after selective blockade of signaling pathways or that of interacting receptors. Estradiol- or DPN-induced slowing of 5-HT clearance mediated by ERβ was blocked after inhibition of MAPK/ERK1/2 but not of PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This effect also involved interactions with TrkB, and IGF-1 receptors. Estradiol's or PPT's inhibition of the fluvoxamine-induced slowing of 5-HT clearance mediated by ERα, was blocked after inhibition of either MAPK/ERK1/2 or PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. This effect involved interactions with the IGF-1 receptor and with the metabotropic glutamate receptor 1, but not with TrkB. This study illustrates some of the signaling pathways required for the effects of estradiol on SERT function, and particularly shows that ER subtypes elicit different as well as common signaling pathways for their actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saloua Benmansour
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Anthony A. Privratsky
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Opeyemi S. Adeniji
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | - Alan Frazer
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas 78229
- South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas 78284, USA
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29
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Wang D, Xie J, Zhu X, Li J, Zhao D, Zhao M. A recombinant estrogen receptor fragment-based homogeneous fluorescent assay for rapid detection of estrogens. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 55:391-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2013.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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30
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Dscam1 is required for normal dendrite growth and branching but not for dendritic spacing in Drosophila motoneurons. J Neurosci 2014; 34:1924-31. [PMID: 24478371 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3448-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Down syndrome cell adhesion molecule, Dscam, serves diverse neurodevelopmental functions, including axon guidance and synaptic adhesion, as well as self-recognition and self-avoidance, depending on the neuron type, brain region, or species under investigation. In Drosophila, the extensive molecular diversity that results from alternative splicing of Dscam1 into >38,000 isoforms provides neurons with a unique molecular code for self-recognition in the nervous system. Each neuron produces only a small subset of Dscam1 isoforms, and distinct Dscam1 isoforms mediate homophilic interactions, which in turn, result in repulsion and even spacing of self-processes, while allowing contact with neighboring cells. While these mechanisms have been shown to underlie mushroom body development and spacing of mechanosensory neuron dendrites, here we report that Dscam1 plays no role in adult Drosophila motoneuron dendrite spacing, but is required for motoneuron dendritic growth. Targeted expression of Dscam-RNAi in an identified flight motoneuron did not impact dendrite spacing, but instead produced overgrowth. Increasing the knockdown strength severely reduced dendritic growth and branching. Similarly, Dscam mutant motoneurons in an otherwise control background (MARCM) were completely devoid of mature dendrites. These data suggest that Dscam1 is required cell autonomously for normal adult motoneuron dendrite growth in Drosophila. This demonstrates a previously unreported role of Drosophila Dscam1 in central neuron development, and expands the current understanding that Dscam1 operates as a cell adhesion molecule that mediates homophilic repulsion.
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31
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Abstract
Contrary to the long-held postulate of steroid-hormone binding globulin action, these protein carriers of steroids are major players in steroid actions in the body. This manuscript will focus on our work with sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG) and demonstrate how they are actively involved in the uptake, intracellular transport, and possibly release of steroids from cells. This manuscript will also discuss our own findings that the steroid estradiol is taken up into the cell, as demonstrated by uptake of fluorescence labeled estradiol into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and into the cytoplasm where it may have multiple actions that do not seem to involve the cell nucleus. This manuscript will focus mainly on events in two compartments of the cell, the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gustav F Jirikowski
- Institute of Anatomy II, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, Jena, Germany
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32
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Lo A. Advancement of therapies for neuroprotection in multiple sclerosis. Expert Rev Neurother 2014; 8:1355-66. [DOI: 10.1586/14737175.8.9.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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33
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Lee CWS, Ho IK. Sex differences in opioid analgesia and addiction: interactions among opioid receptors and estrogen receptors. Mol Pain 2013; 9:45. [PMID: 24010861 PMCID: PMC3844594 DOI: 10.1186/1744-8069-9-45] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioids are widely used as the pain reliever and also notorious for being addictive drugs. Sex differences in the opioid analgesia and addiction have been reported and investigated in human subjects and animal models. Yet, the molecular mechanism underlying the differences between males and females is still unclear. Here, we reviewed the literature describing the sex differences in analgesic responses and addiction liabilities to clinically relevant opioids. The reported interactions among opioids, estrogens, opioid receptors, and estrogen receptors are also evaluated. We postulate that the sex differences partly originated from the crosstalk among the estrogen and opioid receptors when stimulated by the exogenous opioids, possibly through common secondary messengers and the downstream gene transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Wei-Sheng Lee
- Center for Drug Abuse and Addiction, China Medical University Hospital, 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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34
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Wang H, Meyer K, Korz V. Stress induced hippocampal mineralocorticoid and estrogen receptor β gene expression and long-term potentiation in male adult rats is sensitive to early-life stress experience. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2013; 38:250-62. [PMID: 22776422 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Revised: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid hormones and their receptors have been identified to be involved in emotional and cognitive disorders in early stressed subjects during adulthood. However, the impact of other steroid hormones and receptors has been considered less. Especially, functional roles of estrogen and estrogen receptors in male subjects are largely unknown. Therefore, we measured hippocampal concentrations of 17β-estradiol, corticosterone and testosterone, as well as the gene expression of estrogen receptor α and β (ERα, β), androgen receptor (AR), glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptors after stress in adulthood in maternally separated (MS+; at postnatal days 14-16 for 6h each day) and control (MS-) male rats. In vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) serves as a cellular model of learning and memory formation. Population spike- (PSA) and the fEPSP-LTP within the dentate gyrus (DG) were reinforced by elevated-platform-stress (EP-stress) in MS- but not in MS+ rats. MR- and ERβ-mRNA were upregulated 1h after EP-stress in MS- but not in MS+ rats as compared to non-stressed littermates. Infusion of an MR antagonist before LTP induction blocked early- and late-PSA- and -fEPSP-LTP, whereas blockade of ERβ impaired only the late PSA-LTP. Application of a DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibitor partly restored the LTP-reinforcement in MS+ rats, accompanied by a retrieval of ERβ- but not MR-mRNA upregulation. Basal ERβ gene promoter methylation was similar between groups, whereas MS+ and MS- rats showed different methylation patterns across CpG sites after EP-stress. These findings indicate a key role of ERβ in early-stress mediated emotionality and emotion-induced late-LTP in adult male rats via DNA methylation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Brenneckestrasse 6, D-39118 Magdeburg, Germany
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35
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil J Maclusky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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36
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Cui J, Shen Y, Li R. Estrogen synthesis and signaling pathways during aging: from periphery to brain. Trends Mol Med 2013; 19:197-209. [PMID: 23348042 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 449] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Estrogens are the primary female sex hormones and play important roles in both reproductive and non-reproductive systems. Estrogens can be synthesized in non-reproductive tissues such as liver, heart, muscle, bone and brain, and tissue-specific estrogen synthesis is consistent with a diversity of estrogen actions. In this article we review tissue and cell-specific estrogen synthesis and estrogen receptor signaling in three parts: (i) synthesis and metabolism, (ii) the distribution of estrogen receptors and signaling, and (iii) estrogen functions and related disorders, including cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and Parkinson disease (PD). This comprehensive review provides new insights into estrogens by giving a better understanding of the tissue-specific estrogen effects and their roles in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cui
- Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education (CHASE), Roskamp Institute, Sarasota, FL 34243, USA
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37
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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor-estrogen interactions in the hippocampal mossy fiber pathway: implications for normal brain function and disease. Neuroscience 2012; 239:46-66. [PMID: 23276673 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and the steroid hormone estrogen exhibit potent effects on hippocampal neurons during development and in adulthood. BDNF and estrogen have also been implicated in the etiology of diverse types of neurological disorders or psychiatric illnesses, or have been discussed as potentially important in treatment. Although both are typically studied independently, it has been suggested that BDNF mediates several of the effects of estrogen in the hippocampus, and that these interactions play a role in the normal brain as well as disease. Here we focus on the mossy fiber (MF) pathway of the hippocampus, a critical pathway in normal hippocampal function, and a prime example of a location where numerous studies support an interaction between BDNF and estrogen in the rodent brain. We first review the temporal and spatially regulated expression of BDNF and estrogen in the MFs, as well as their receptors. Then we consider the results of studies that suggest that 17β-estradiol alters hippocampal function by its influence on BDNF expression in the MF pathway. We also address the hypothesis that estrogen influences the hippocampus by mechanisms related not only to the mature form of BDNF, acting at trkB receptors, but also by regulating the precursor, proBDNF, acting at p75NTR. We suggest that the interactions between BDNF and 17β-estradiol in the MFs are potentially important in the normal function of the hippocampus, and have implications for sex differences in functions that depend on the MFs and in diseases where MF plasticity has been suggested to play an important role, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and addiction.
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Verhovshek T, Rudolph LM, Sengelaub DR. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and androgen interactions in spinal neuromuscular systems. Neuroscience 2012; 239:103-14. [PMID: 23103213 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2012.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 10/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurotrophic factors and steroid hormones interact to regulate a variety of neuronal processes such as neurite outgrowth, differentiation, and neuroprotection. The coexpression of steroid hormone and neurotrophin receptor mRNAs and proteins, as well as their reciprocal regulation provides the necessary substrates for such interactions to occur. This review will focus on androgen brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) interactions in the spinal cord, describing androgen regulation of BDNF in neuromuscular systems following castration, androgen manipulation, and injury. Androgens interact with BDNF during development to regulate normally-occurring motoneuron death, and in adulthood, androgen-BDNF interactions are involved in the maintenance of several features of neuromuscular systems. Androgens regulate BDNF and trkB expression in spinal motoneurons. Androgens also regulate BDNF levels in the target musculature, and androgenic action at the muscle regulates BDNF levels in motoneurons. These interactions have important implications for the maintenance of motoneuron morphology. Finally, androgens interact with BDNF after injury, influencing soma size, dendritic morphology, and axon regeneration. Together, these findings provide further insight into the development and maintenance of neuromuscular systems and have implications for the neurotherapeutic/neuroprotective roles of androgens and trophic factors in the treatment of motoneuron disease and recovery from injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Verhovshek
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Group, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute and Department of Neurological Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Gintzler AR, Liu NJ. Importance of sex to pain and its amelioration; relevance of spinal estrogens and its membrane receptors. Front Neuroendocrinol 2012; 33:412-24. [PMID: 23036438 PMCID: PMC3778676 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 09/13/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Estrogens have a multitude of effects on opioid systems and are thought to play a key role in sexually dimorphic nociception and opioid antinociception. Heretofore, classical genomic actions of estrogens are largely thought to be responsible for the effects of these steroids on nociception and opioid antinociception. The recent discovery that estrogens can also activate estrogen receptors that are located in the plasma membrane, the effects of which are manifest in seconds to minutes instead of hours to days has revolutionized our thinking concerning the ways in which estrogens are likely to modulate pain responsiveness and the dynamic nature of that modulation. This review summarizes parameters of opioid functionality and nociception that are subject to modulation by estrogens, underscoring the added dimensions of such modulation that accrues from rapid membrane estrogen receptor signaling. Implications of this mode of signaling regarding putative sources of estrogens and its degradation are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan R Gintzler
- State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, 450 Clarkson Ave., Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA.
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40
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Egan KR, Gleason CE. Longer duration of hormonal contraceptive use predicts better cognitive outcomes later in life. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2012; 21:1259-66. [PMID: 22994984 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2012.3522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cognitive effects of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) have been studied extensively, but little is known about the relationship between premenopausal hormone use and cognition. Hormonal contraceptive use vs. nonuse may be a potential factor influencing cognitive processes in midlife. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of modification of hormone milieu through use of hormonal contraception in premenopausal women and midlife cognitive function. METHODS Subjects were 261 cognitively normal women, aged 40-65 (mean μ=52), enrolled in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer's Prevention. All women completed the Women's Health History Questionnaire and a self-report health history questionnaire and were administered a battery of neuropsychologic tests. Cognitive results were analyzed using summary scores for the domains of Verbal Ability, Visuo-spatial Ability, Working Memory, Verbal Learning & Memory, and Speed & Flexibility derived using a confirmatory factor analysis. RESULTS Hormonal contraceptive ever users performed significantly better than never users in the domains of Visuo-spatial Ability (μ=0.75, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-1.28, p=0.005) and Speed & Flexibility (μ=0.52, 95% CI -0.16-1.04, p=0.007), with duration-dependent increases in performance, especially in ever users with ≥ 15 years of use. CONCLUSIONS These data provide preliminary evidence that hormonal contraceptive use may influence cognitive outcomes, even years after use is discontinued. Hormonal contraceptive users scored better in domains of Visuo-spatial Ability and Speed & Flexibility than never users, with a duration-dependent trend. Further research is needed to explore the use of hormonal contraceptives to prevent or delay cognitive decline and to clarify the physiologic basis of this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R Egan
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Health Sciences Learning Center, Madison, Wisconsin 53705, USA.
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Dubal DB, Wise PM. Estrogen and neuroprotection: from clinical observations to molecular mechanisms. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2012. [PMID: 22034440 PMCID: PMC3181675 DOI: 10.31887/dcns.2002.4.2/ddubal] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We now appreciate that estrogen is a pleiotropic gonadal steroid that exerts profound effects on the plasticity and cell survival of the adult brain. Over the past century, the life span of women has increased, but the age of the menopause remains constant. This means that women may now live over one third of their lives in a hypoestrogenic, postmenopausal state. The impact of prolonged hypoestrogenicity on the brain is now a critical health concern as we realize that these women may suffer an increased risk of cognitive dysfunction and neurodegeneration due to a variety of diseases. Accumulating evidence from both clinical and basic science studies indicates that estrogen exerts critical protective actions against neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and stroke. Here, we review the discoveries that comprise our current understanding of estrogen action against neurodegeneration. These findings carry far-reaching possibilities for improving the quality of life in our aging population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dena B Dubal
- Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
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Pompili A, Arnone B, Gasbarri A. Estrogens and memory in physiological and neuropathological conditions. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2012; 37:1379-96. [PMID: 22309827 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian hormones can influence brain regions crucial to higher cognitive functions, such as learning and memory, acting at structural, cellular and functional levels, and modulating neurotransmitter systems. Among the main effects of estrogens, the protective role that they may play against the deterioration of cognitive functions occurring with normal aging is of essential importance. In fact, during the last century, there has been a 30 years increase in female life expectancy, from 50 to 83 years; however, the mean age of spontaneous menopause remains stable, 50-51 years, with variability related to race and ethnicity. Therefore, women are now spending a greater fraction of their lives in a hypoestrogenic state. Although many cognitive functions seem to be unaffected by normal aging, age-related impairments are particularly evident in tasks involving working memory (WM), whose deficits are a recognized feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Many studies conducted over the past two decades showed that the female gonadal hormone estradiol can influence performance of learning and memory tasks, both in animal and humans. There is a great deal of evidence, mostly from animal models, that estrogens can facilitate or enhance performance on WM tasks; therefore, it is very important to clarify their role on this type of memory. To this aim, in this review we briefly describe the most relevant neurobiological bases of estrogens, that can explain their effects on cognitive functioning, and then we summarize the results of works conducted in our laboratory, both on animals and humans, utilizing the menstrual/estrous cycle as a useful noninvasive model. Finally, we review the possible role of estrogens in neuropathological conditions, such as AD and schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assunta Pompili
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Technologies, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
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Ooishi Y, Kawato S, Hojo Y, Hatanaka Y, Higo S, Murakami G, Komatsuzaki Y, Ogiue-Ikeda M, Kimoto T, Mukai H. Modulation of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus by hippocampus-derived estrogen and androgen. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 131:37-51. [PMID: 22075082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The hippocampus synthesizes estrogen and androgen in addition to the circulating sex steroids. Synaptic modulation by hippocampus-derived estrogen or androgen is essential to maintain healthy memory processes. Rapid actions (1-2h) of 17β-estradiol (17β-E2) occur via synapse-localized receptors (ERα or ERβ), while slow genomic E2 actions (6-48h) occur via classical nuclear receptors (ERα or ERβ). The long-term potentiation (LTP), induced by strong tetanus or theta-burst stimulation, is not further enhanced by E2 perfusion in adult rats. Interestingly, E2 perfusion can rescue corticosterone (stress hormone)-induced suppression of LTP. The long-term depression is modulated rapidly by E2 perfusion. Elevation of the E2 concentration changes rapidly the density and head structure of spines in neurons. ERα, but not ERβ, drives this enhancement of spinogenesis. Kinase networks are involved downstream of ERα. Testosterone (T) or dihydrotestosterone (DHT) also rapidly modulates spinogenesis. Newly developed Spiso-3D mathematical analysis is used to distinguish these complex effects by sex steroids and kinases. It has been doubted that the level of hippocampus-derived estrogen and androgen may not be high enough to modulate synaptic plasticity. Determination of the accurate concentration of E2, T or DHT in the hippocampus is enabled by mass-spectrometric analysis in combination with new steroid-derivatization methods. The E2 level in the hippocampus is approximately 8nM for the male and 0.5-2nM for the female, which is much higher than that in circulation. The level of T and DHT is also higher than that in circulation. Taken together, hippocampus-derived E2, T, and DHT play a major role in modulation of synaptic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuki Ooishi
- Department of Biophysics and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
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Arevalo MA, Ruiz-Palmero I, Scerbo MJ, Acaz-Fonseca E, Cambiasso MJ, Garcia-Segura LM. Molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of neuritogenesis by estradiol: Recent advances. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2012; 131:52-6. [PMID: 21971420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This review analyzes the signaling mechanisms activated by estradiol to regulate neuritogenesis in several neuronal populations. Estradiol regulates axogenesis by the activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade through estrogen receptor α located in the plasma membrane. In addition, estradiol regulates MAPK signaling via the activation of protein kinase C and by increasing the expression of brain derived neurotrophic factor and tyrosine kinase receptor B. Estradiol also interacts with the signaling of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor through estrogen receptor α, modulating the phosphoinositide-3 kinase signaling pathway, which contributes to the stabilization of microtubules. Finally, estradiol modulates dendritogenesis by the inhibition of Notch signaling, by a mechanism that, at least in hippocampal neurons, is mediated by G-protein coupled receptor 30. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neurosteroids'.
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Estrogen prevents oxidative damage to the mitochondria in Friedreich's ataxia skin fibroblasts. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34600. [PMID: 22509330 PMCID: PMC3318005 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen and estrogen-related compounds have been shown to have very potent cytoprotective properties in a wide range of disease models, including an in vitro model of Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA). This study describes a potential estrogen receptor (ER)-independent mechanism by which estrogens act to protect human FRDA skin fibroblasts from a BSO-induced oxidative insult resulting from inhibition of de novo glutathione (GSH) synthesis. We demonstrate that phenolic estrogens, independent of any known ER, are able to prevent lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) collapse, maintain ATP at near control levels, increase oxidative phosphorylation and maintain activity of aconitase. Estrogens did not, however, prevent BSO from depleting GSH or induce an increased expression level of GSH. The cytoprotective effects of estrogen appear to be due to a direct overall reduction in oxidative damage to the mitochondria, enabling the FRDA fibroblast mitochondria to generate sufficient ATP for energy requirements and better survive oxidative stress. These data support the hypothesis that phenol ring containing estrogens are possible candidate drugs for the delay and/or prevention of FRDA symptoms.
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Palmeira CCDA, Ashmawi HA, Posso IDP. Sex and pain perception and analgesia. Rev Bras Anestesiol 2012; 61:814-28. [PMID: 22063383 DOI: 10.1016/s0034-7094(11)70091-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex is an important factor in painful experience modulation. Large volume of evidence shows that experience is different for males and females, as well as the answer to some classes of analgesics. Laboratory experiments suggest that women have a lower pain threshold than men related to pain from noxious stimuli such as heat, cold, pressure and electrical stimulation. Pain is a dynamic phenomenon under the influence of various mechanisms of excitatory and inhibitory control. The differences in pain perception related to sex may be associated with hyperalgesia in women, but also to the hypoactivity of the inhibitory system of pain in females. The purpose of this review besides showing some relationship for gonadal hormones, central nervous system and pain is to provide reference points for the discussion of one of the most intriguing aspects of the pathophysiology of pain: the differences in the presence of painful stimuli related to gender.
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Abstract
A promising strategy to delay and perhaps prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to identify the age-related changes that put the brain at risk for the disease. A significant normal age change known to result in tissue-specific dysfunction is the depletion of sex hormones. In women, menopause results in a relatively rapid loss of estradiol and progesterone. In men, aging is associated with a comparatively gradual yet significant decrease in testosterone. We review a broad literature that indicates age-related losses of estrogens in women and testosterone in men are risk factors for AD. Both estrogens and androgens exert a wide range of protective actions that improve multiple aspects of neural health, suggesting that hormone therapies have the potential to combat AD pathogenesis. However, translation of experimental findings into effective therapies has proven challenging. One emerging treatment option is the development of novel hormone mimetics termed selective estrogen and androgen receptor modulators. Continued research of sex hormones and their roles in the aging brain is expected to yield valuable approaches to reducing the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Barron
- USC Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 153-8902 Japan
| | - Christian J. Pike
- USC Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
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48
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Barron AM, Pike CJ. Sex hormones, aging, and Alzheimer's disease. Front Biosci (Elite Ed) 2012. [PMID: 22201929 DOI: 10.2741/434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A promising strategy to delay and perhaps prevent Alzheimer's disease (AD) is to identify the age-related changes that put the brain at risk for the disease. A significant normal age change known to result in tissue-specific dysfunction is the depletion of sex hormones. In women, menopause results in a relatively rapid loss of estradiol and progesterone. In men, aging is associated with a comparatively gradual yet significant decrease in testosterone. We review a broad literature that indicates age-related losses of estrogens in women and testosterone in men are risk factors for AD. Both estrogens and androgens exert a wide range of protective actions that improve multiple aspects of neural health, suggesting that hormone therapies have the potential to combat AD pathogenesis. However, translation of experimental findings into effective therapies has proven challenging. One emerging treatment option is the development of novel hormone mimetics termed selective estrogen and androgen receptor modulators. Continued research of sex hormones and their roles in the aging brain is expected to yield valuable approaches to reducing the risk of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Barron
- USC Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA
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Bodhankar S, Offner H. GPR30 FORMS AN INTEGRAL PART OF E2-PROTECTIVE PATHWAY IN EXPERIMENTAL AUTOIMMUNE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 11:262-274. [PMID: 22247749 DOI: 10.2174/1871522211108040262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A major focus of our laboratory has been an in-depth evaluation as to how estrogens exert a pronounced protective effect on clinical and histological disease in the animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). An important issue regarding their therapeutic application has been the undesirable estrogenic side effects thought to be mediated primarily through 17β-estradiol (E2) binding to intracellular estrogen receptor alpha (ERα). With the discovery and characterization of GPR30 as the putative membrane estrogen receptor, we sought to study whether signaling through GPR30 was sufficient to mediate protection against EAE without engagement of ERα. Treatment of EAE in WT mice with G-1, a selective GPR30 agonist, retained estradiol's ability to protect against clinical and histological EAE without estrogenic side effects. G-1 treatment deviated cytokine profiles and enhanced suppressive activity of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) Treg cells through a GPR30- and programmed death 1 (PD-1)-dependent mechanism. This novel finding was indicative of the protective effect of GPR30 activation in EAE and provides a strong foundation for the clinical application of GPR30 agonists such as G-1 in MS. However, future studies are needed to elucidate cross-signaling and evaluate possible additive effects of combined signaling through both GPR30 and ER-α. Deciphering the possible mechanism of involvement of GPR30 in estrogen-mediated protection against EAE may result in lowering treatment doses of E2 and GPR30 agonists that could minimize risks and maximize immunoregulation and therapeutic effects in MS. Alternatively, one might envision using E2 derivatives with reduced estrogenic activity alone or in combination with GPR30 agonists as therapies for both male and female MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheetal Bodhankar
- Neuroimmunology Research, Portland VA Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA
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Intrinsic Epigenetic Factors Cooperate with the Steroid Hormone Ecdysone to Govern Dendrite Pruning in Drosophila. Neuron 2011; 72:86-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/03/2011] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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