1
|
Zhang TY, Chen YQ, Tan JC, Zhou JA, Chen WN, Jiang T, Zha JY, Zeng XK, Li BW, Wei LQ, Zou Y, Zhang LY, Hong YM, Wang XL, Zhu RZ, Xu WX, Xi J, Wang QQ, Pan L, Zhang J, Luan Y, Zhu RX, Wang H, Chen C, Liu NN. Global fungal-host interactome mapping identifies host targets of candidalysin. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1757. [PMID: 38413612 PMCID: PMC10899660 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46141-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Candidalysin, a cytolytic peptide toxin secreted by the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans, is critical for fungal pathogenesis. Yet, its intracellular targets have not been extensively mapped. Here, we performed a high-throughput enhanced yeast two-hybrid (HT-eY2H) screen to map the interactome of all eight Ece1 peptides with their direct human protein targets and identified a list of potential interacting proteins, some of which were shared between the peptides. CCNH, a regulatory subunit of the CDK-activating kinase (CAK) complex involved in DNA damage repair, was identified as one of the host targets of candidalysin. Mechanistic studies revealed that candidalysin triggers a significantly increased double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs), as evidenced by the formation of γ-H2AX foci and colocalization of CCNH and γ-H2AX. Importantly, candidalysin binds directly to CCNH to activate CAK to inhibit DNA damage repair pathway. Loss of CCNH alleviates DSBs formation under candidalysin treatment. Depletion of candidalysin-encoding gene fails to induce DSBs and stimulates CCNH upregulation in a murine model of oropharyngeal candidiasis. Collectively, our study reveals that a secreted fungal toxin acts to hijack the canonical DNA damage repair pathway by targeting CCNH and to promote fungal infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yao-Qi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing-Cong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jin-An Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wan-Ning Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Jiang
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Pathogenic Fungal Infection & Host Immunity, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jin-Yin Zha
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiang-Kang Zeng
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo-Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lu-Qi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yun Zou
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Pathogenic Fungal Infection & Host Immunity, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Lu-Yao Zhang
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Pathogenic Fungal Infection & Host Immunity, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yue-Mei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiu-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Run-Ze Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wan-Xing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Jing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qin-Qin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Lei Pan
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yang Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Rui-Xin Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Changbin Chen
- The Center for Microbes, Development, and Health, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Unit of Pathogenic Fungal Infection & Host Immunity, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li XW, Fang SJ, Li YZ, Qin LQ, Chen NY, Zheng B, Mo DL, Su GF, Su JC, Pan CX. Design and synthesis of luotonin A-derived topoisomerase targeting scaffold with potent antitumor effect and low genotoxicity. Bioorg Chem 2024; 143:107015. [PMID: 38086241 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.107015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Conventional topoisomerase (Topo) inhibitors typically usually exert their cytotoxicity by damaging the DNAs, which exhibit high toxicity and tend to result in secondary carcinogenesis risk. Molecules that have potent topoisomerase inhibitory activity but involve less DNA damage provide more desirable scaffolds for developing novel chemotherapeutic agents. In this work, we broke the rigid pentacyclic system of luotonin A and synthesized thirty-three compounds as potential Topo inhibitors based on the devised molecular motif. Further investigation disclose that two compounds with the highest antiproliferation activity against cancer cells, 5aA and 5dD, had a distinct Topo I inhibitory mechanism different from those of the classic Topo I inhibitors CPT or luteolin, and were able to obviate the obvious cellular DNA damage typically associated with clinically available Topo inhibitors. The animal model experiments demonstrated that even in mice treated with a high dosage of 50 mg/kg 5aA, there were no obvious signs of toxicity or loss of body weight. The tumor growth inhibition (TGI) rate was 54.3 % when 20 mg/kg 5aA was given to the T24 xenograft mouse model, and 5aA targeted the cancer tissue precisely without causing damage to the liver and other major organs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Shu-Jun Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Ying-Ze Li
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Li-Qing Qin
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Nan-Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Bin Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Dong-Liang Mo
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Gui-Fa Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China
| | - Jun-Cheng Su
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| | - Cheng-Xue Pan
- State Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources, Key Laboratory for Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Medicinal Resources (Ministry of Education of China), Collaborative Innovation Center for Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lu X, Yuan F, Qiao L, Liu Y, Gu Q, Qi X, Li J, Li D, Liu M. AS1041, a novel derivative of marine natural compound Aspergiolide A, induces senescence of leukemia cells via oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and BCR-ABL degradation. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 171:116099. [PMID: 38171244 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.116099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is characterized by the constitutive activation of BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase. Imatinib was approved for CML therapy, however, BCR-ABL-dependent drug resistance, especially BCR-ABL-T315I mutation, restricts its clinical application. In this study, we reported anthraquinone lactone AS1041, a synthesized derivative of marine natural compound Aspergiolide A, showed anti-leukemia effect in vitro and in vivo by promoting cell senescence. Mechanistic study revealed the pro-senescence effect of AS1041 was dependent on oxidative stress-induced DNA damage, and the resultant activation of P53/P21 and P16INK4a/Rb. Also, AS1041 promoted ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS)-mediated BCR-ABL degradation, which also contributed to AS1041-induced senescence. In vivo, AS1041-induced senescence promoted tumor growth inhibition. In summary, the in vitro and in vivo antitumor effect of AS1041 suggests it can serve as a pro-senescence agent for alternative antileukemia therapy and imatinib-resistant cancer therapy by enhancing cellular oxidative stress and BCR-ABL degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Fengli Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Liang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Organo-Pharmaceutical Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Yankai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Qianqun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Dehai Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Sanya Oceanographic Institute, Ocean University of China, Sanya 572024, China.
| | - Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ribeiro O, Gaivão I, Carrola JS. Alkaline Comet Assay to Assess Genotoxicity in Zebrafish Larvae. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2753:503-514. [PMID: 38285363 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3625-1_32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a model organism widely used in several research fields due to its characteristics and numerous advantages, such as optical embryo transparency, fully sequenced genome, orthologous genes to humans, small size, high reproductive rate, easy gene editing and relatively low costs. Thus, a number of protocols have been developed that allow the use of this vertebrate model for toxic effect evaluation at various biological levels, including genotoxicity, using the comet assay technique.The comet assay or single-cell gel electrophoresis is a popular and sensitive method to study DNA damage in cells, which is described in this chapter. Briefly, cells suspended in agarose on a microscope slide are lysed, denatured, electrophoresed, neutralized, and stained to study the migration of DNA strand breaks. As a result, cells with increased DNA damage present a high fluorescence intensity and an increase of comet tail length. For the visual score, comets are classified according to the head integrity, tail intensity, and tail length into five classes, namely, class 0 until class 4 (comets with high damage and with almost all the DNA in the tail). These data are used to calculate the Genetic Damage Index (GDI) expressed as Arbitrary Units (AU).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondina Ribeiro
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Isabel Gaivão
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal
| | - João Soares Carrola
- Centre for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, Vila Real, Portugal.
- Institute for Innovation, Capacity Building and Sustainability of Agri-food Production (Inov4Agro), Vila Real, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guedes Pinto T, de Souza DV, da Silva GN, Salvadori DMF, Martins MD, Ribeiro DA. Comet assay as a suitable biomarker for in vivo oral carcinogenesis: a systematic review. Biomarkers 2023; 28:692-702. [PMID: 38131287 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2023.2298182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In order to detect genetic damage, different methods have been developed, such as micronuclei and comet assay. The comet assay presents some advantages when compared to the other aforementioned methods, including wide versatility, as any eukaryotic cell can be evaluated at an individual cellular level. In this context, the aim of this systematic review was designed to help further elucidate the following question: is the comet assay a suitable biomarker of in vivo oral carcinogenesis? MATERIAL AND METHODS The present systematic review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Full manuscripts from 18 studies were carefully selected in this setting. RESULTS A total of 15 studies demonstrated positive findings for genotoxicity in peripheral blood or oral cells in patients with pre-malignant lesions or oral cancer. In the quality assessment of studies, 1 was classified as Strong, 5 were considered as Moderate, and 12 were classified as Weak. CONCLUSION In summary, the comet assay can be a useful biomarker for oral carcinogenesis. However, further studies with more strict parameters are suggested (with less uncontrolled confounders) in order to increase findings reliability for diagnosis of oral potentially malignant lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Guedes Pinto
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Vitor de Souza
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| | - Glenda Nicioli da Silva
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Ouro Preto, UFOP, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, UFRS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, Santos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lopes ATDC, de Benvindo-Souza M, Sotero DF, Pedroso TMA, Guerra V, Vieira TB, Andreani TL, Benetti EJ, Simões K, Bastos RP, de Melo E Silva D. The Use of Multiple Biomarkers to Assess the Health of Anuran Amphibians in the Brazilian Cerrado Savanna: An Ecotoxicological Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2023; 42:2422-2439. [PMID: 37477494 DOI: 10.1002/etc.5723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Changes in the natural landscape and the indiscriminate use of pesticides can have a major impact on aquatic environments and have contributed to the worldwide decline of amphibian populations. In the present study, we sampled tadpoles of three anuran amphibians (Boana albopunctata, Physalaemus cuvieri, and Dendropsophus minutus) from ponds in six different agricultural landscapes of the Brazilian Cerrado savanna and evaluated whether and to what extent genotoxic and mutagenic damage was related to land use (the amount of forest and agricultural remnants, and related physicochemical factors) and the presence of pesticides in the water of the study ponds. We also evaluated the hepatotoxicity in P. cuvieri, which was the most abundant species at five of the six sampling points. Clomazone and atrazine were the most common pesticides found in the ponds. The B. albopunctata and P. cuvieri tadpoles presented similar patterns of DNA damage among the sampling points. The least DNA damage was found in the D. minutus tadpoles, although this species was present in only one of the study ponds. More binucleated and anucleated cells were observed in B. albopunctata, but there was no significant variation among species in terms of the number of micronuclei or other erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities. Land use and physicochemical factors did not explain the variation in the DNA damage observed in the three anurans. The hepatotoxicity analyses of P. cuvieri revealed the presence of a series of alterations, including the enlargement of the sinusoids, vacuolization of the hepatocytes, the infiltration of inflammatory cells, hepatic steatosis, and dilation of the blood vessels. The interaction between physicochemical factors and the biomarkers analyzed in the present study is complex. In particular, it will be important to better elucidate which factors are contributing, either directly or indirectly, to the decline of anuran amphibian populations, especially in threatened biomes, such as the Brazilian Cerrado. In this case, we would encourage further in situ studies that assess the ecotoxicology of the landscape, together with the systematic monitoring of aquatic environments, to guarantee the long-term integrity of amphibian populations, and those of other organisms that play an essential functional role in the ecosystem. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:2422-2439. © 2023 SETAC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alice Tâmara de Carvalho Lopes
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Marcelino de Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
- Post-graduation Program in Natural Resources of Cerrado, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Anápolis, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daiany Folador Sotero
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thays Millena Alves Pedroso
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Guerra
- National Institute of Science & Ecological Technology, Evolution and Conservation of Biodiversity, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Thiago Bernardi Vieira
- Laboratory of Ecology, Biological Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus Altamira, Rua Coronel José Porfírio, Altamira, Pará, Brazil
| | - Tainã Lucas Andreani
- Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, at Instituto Federal Goiano, Rio Verde Campus, Rodovia Sul Goiana, Rio Verde, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Edson José Benetti
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB III, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Karina Simões
- Laboratory of Human and Animal Morphology, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB III, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Rogério Pereira Bastos
- Laboratory of Herpetology and Animal Behavior, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB V, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Daniela de Melo E Silva
- Laboratory of Mutagenesis, Institute of Biological Sciences, ICB I, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Samambaia Campus, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
de Alencar MVOB, Islam MT, da Mata AMOF, Dos Reis AC, de Lima RMT, de Oliveira Ferreira JR, de Castro E Sousa JM, Ferreira PMP, de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante AA, Rauf A, Hemeg HA, Alsharif KF, Khan H. Anticancer effects of phytol against Sarcoma (S-180) and Human Leukemic (HL-60) cancer cells. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:80996-81007. [PMID: 37308630 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-28036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phytol (Pyt), a diterpenoid, possesses many important bioactivities. This study evaluates the anticancer effects of Pyt on sarcoma 180 (S-180) and human leukemia (HL-60) cell lines. For this purpose, cells were treated with Pyt (4.72, 7.08, or 14.16 μM) and a cell viability assay was performed. Additionally, the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test with cytokinesis were also performed using doxorubicin (6 μM) and hydrogen peroxide (10 mM) as positive controls and stressors, respectively. Results revealed that Pyt significantly reduced the viability and rate of division in S-180 and HL-60 cells with IC50 values of 18.98 ± 3.79 and 1.17 ± 0.34 μM, respectively. Pyt at 14.16 μM exerted aneugenic and/or clastogenic effects in S-180 and HL-60 cells, where the number of micronuclei and other nuclear abnormalities (e.g., nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds) were frequently observed. Moreover, Pyt at all concentrations induced apoptosis and showed necrosis at 14.16 μM, suggesting its anticancer effects on the tested cancer cell lines. Taken together, Pyt showed promising anticancer effects, possibly through inducing apoptosis and necrosis mechanisms, and it exerted aneugenic and/or clastogenic effects on the S-180 and HL-60 cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Vinícius Oliveira Barros de Alencar
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Biomedical Sciences Research and Innovation Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, INTA University Center, Sobral, 62.011-230, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Torequl Islam
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Department of Pharmacy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University, Gopalganj 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira da Mata
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Rosália Maria Torres de Lima
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | | | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Ana Amélia de Carvalho Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, 64.049-550, Brazil
- Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, 64.049-550, Brazil
| | - Abdur Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, 23430, Pakistan
| | - Hassan A Hemeg
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medinah Al-Monawara, 41411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Science, Taif University, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li C, Guo Y, Wang L, Yan S. The SMC5/6 complex recruits the PAF1 complex to facilitate DNA double-strand break repair in Arabidopsis. EMBO J 2023; 42:e112756. [PMID: 36815434 PMCID: PMC10068331 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022112756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most toxic forms of DNA damage, which threatens genome stability. Homologous recombination is an error-free DSB repair pathway, in which the evolutionarily conserved SMC5/6 complex (SMC5/6) plays essential roles. The PAF1 complex (PAF1C) is well known to regulate transcription. Here we show that SMC5/6 recruits PAF1C to facilitate DSB repair in plants. In a genetic screen for DNA damage response mutants (DDRMs), we found that the Arabidopsis ddrm4 mutant is hypersensitive to DSB-inducing agents and is defective in homologous recombination. DDRM4 encodes PAF1, a core subunit of PAF1C. Further biochemical and genetic studies reveal that SMC5/6 recruits PAF1C to DSB sites, where PAF1C further recruits the E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBC1/2, which interact with the E3 ubiquitin ligases HUB1/2 to mediate the monoubiquitination of histone H2B at DSBs. These results implicate SMC5/6-PAF1C-UBC1/2-HUB1/2 as a new axis for DSB repair through homologous recombination, revealing a new mechanism of SMC5/6 and uncovering a novel function of PAF1C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunliang Li
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureShenzhenChina
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Yuyu Guo
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureShenzhenChina
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Lili Wang
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureShenzhenChina
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| | - Shunping Yan
- Hubei Hongshan LaboratoryWuhanChina
- College of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhanChina
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and HealthHuazhong Agricultural UniversityShenzhenChina
- Shenzhen BranchGuangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureShenzhenChina
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at ShenzhenChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhenChina
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schönrock N, Tillmans F, Sebens S, Kähler W, Klapa S, Rieger B, Scherthan H, Koch A. Analysis of Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Damage in Osteoblastic Cells after Hyperbaric Oxygen Exposure. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040851. [PMID: 37107226 PMCID: PMC10135236 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure induces oxidative stress that may lead to DNA damage, which has been observed in human peripheral blood lymphocytes or non-human cells. Here, we investigated the impact of hyperbaric conditions on two human osteoblastic cell lines: primary human osteoblasts, HOBs, and the osteogenic tumor cell line SAOS-2. (2) Methods: Cells were exposed to HBO in an experimental hyperbaric chamber (4 ATA, 100% oxygen, 37 °C, and 4 h) or sham-exposed (1 ATA, air, 37 °C, and 4 h). DNA damage was examined before, directly after, and 24 h after exposure with an alkaline comet assay and detection of γH2AX+53BP1 colocalizing double-strand break (DSB) foci and apoptosis. The gene expression of TGFß-1, HO-1, and NQO1, involved in antioxidative functions, was measured with qRT-PCR. (3) Results: The alkaline comet assay showed significantly elevated levels of DNA damage in both cell lines after 4 h of HBO, while the DSB foci were similar to sham. γH2AX analysis indicated a slight increase in apoptosis in both cell lines. The increased expression of HO-1 in HOB and SAOS-2 directly after exposure suggested the induction of an antioxidative response in these cells. Additionally, the expression of TGF-ß1 was negatively affected in HOB cells 4 h after exposure. (4) Conclusions: in summary, this study indicates that osteoblastic cells are sensitive to the DNA-damaging effects of hyperbaric hyperoxia, with the HBO-induced DNA damage consisting largely of single-strand DNA breaks that are rapidly repaired.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nele Schönrock
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
| | - Frauke Tillmans
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
- Divers Alert Network, Durham, NC 27705, USA
| | - Susanne Sebens
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Wataru Kähler
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Klapa
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
| | - Bente Rieger
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
| | - Harry Scherthan
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology Affiliated to the University of Ulm, 80937 Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Koch
- Naval Institute for Maritime Medicine, 24119 Kronshagen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Valencia-Quintana R, Milić M, Bonassi S, Ochoa-Ocaña MA, Campos-Peña V, Tenorio-Arvide MG, Pérez-Flores GA, Sánchez-Alarcón J. Effect of Pesticide Exposure over DNA Damage in Farmers from Los Reyes, Michoacan in Mexico. TOXICS 2023; 11:toxics11020122. [PMID: 36850997 PMCID: PMC9966867 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the municipality of Los Reyes, Michoacán, in Mexico, several economic activities coexist; however, the most relevant is agriculture. It stands out as an agro-industrial center and commercial enclave in the region, suitable for the cultivation of sugar cane; however, currently fruit growing takes first place with blackberry, raspberry and blueberry, followed by avocado, peach, strawberry and other crops. A large quantity and variety of pesticides are applied to crops, consequently the population is at constant risk. This study aimed to evaluate whether pesticides are a factor in genetic damage to agricultural workers from Los Reyes, Michoacán, using alkaline comet assay. Fifty-nine residents participated (41 workers and 18 controls). Results included confounding factors (alcohol consumption, smoking habit, gender, age, BMI, etc.) indicated a non-significant statistical difference between two groups, with higher DNA damage values in workers that was higher than the values expected in a normal healthy unexposed population. It seems that the control measures, safe handling of pesticides and quality standards, required by the producers so that their products can be exported, have resulted in less damage, despite workers' activity, but higher damage than the reference values still requires regular surveillance of those exposed. The use of protective equipment or measures can reduce the risk of damage, so it is also necessary to promote their service and comply with labor regulations for agricultural workers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Valencia-Quintana
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | - Mirta Milić
- Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska Cesta 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stefano Bonassi
- Department of Human Sciences and Quality of Life Promotion, San Rafaele University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Unit of Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCCS San Rafaele Pisana, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | | | - Victoria Campos-Peña
- Experimental Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery Manuel Velasco Suárez, Mexico City 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Guillermo Alejandro Pérez-Flores
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| | - Juana Sánchez-Alarcón
- Laboratorio “Rafael Villalobos-Pietrini” de Toxicología Genómica y Química Ambiental, Facultad de Agrobiología, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, CA Genética y Ambiente UATLX-CA 223, Red Temática de Toxicología de Plaguicidas, Tlaxcala 90120, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Aragão WAB, Bittencourt LO, Lima LADO, de Souza MPC, Nogueira LS, Dionizio A, Buzalaf MAR, de Oliveira EHC, Crespo-Lopez ME, Lima RR. DNA Damage and Proteomic Profile Changes in Rat Salivary Glands After Chronic Exposure to Inorganic Mercury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3983-3995. [PMID: 35013890 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02986-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a toxic metal that became a public health problem due to environmental contamination caused by anthropogenic activity. In this sense, oral homeostasis can undergo changes due to the toxic effects of metal on the salivary glands. Therefore, our objective was to investigate the proteomic and genotoxic changes in salivary glands after exposure to inorganic mercury (IHg). Forty Wistar rats that were divided into a control group, which received distilled water, and an exposed group, which received 0.375 mg/kg of mercury chloride for 45 days via orogastric gavage. After that, the animals were euthanized, and the parotid and submandibular glands were collected for analysis of the genotoxic effects, using the comet assay and proteome global profile assessment. The results showed that IHg promoted damage to cellular DNA associated with proteomic changes that showed events such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, changes in the cytoskeleton, and apoptosis. Therefore, these findings show a profile of molecular changes due to the interactions of IHg with several proteins and mechanisms inherent to the cell, which consequently may result in dysfunction of the salivary glands and impaired homeostasis of the oral cavity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Walessa Alana Bragança Aragão
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Alencar de Oliveira Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Lygia Sega Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cell Culture and Cytogenetics, Environment Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Aline Dionizio
- Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Maria Elena Crespo-Lopez
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Augusto Corrêa Street, n. 01, Guamá, Belém, 66075-110, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ji Y, He Y, Yang Y, Dai Z, Wu Z. Hydroxyproline alleviates 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal-induced DNA damage and apoptosis in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. ANIMAL NUTRITION 2022; 9:7-15. [PMID: 35949986 PMCID: PMC9344311 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress has been confirmed in relation to intestinal mucosa damage and multiple bowel diseases. Hydroxyproline (Hyp) is an imino acid abundant in sow's milk. Compelling evidence has been gathered showing the potential antioxidative properties of Hyp. However, the role and mechanism of Hyp in porcine intestinal epithelial cells in response to oxidative stress remains unknown. In this study, small intestinal epithelial cell lines of piglets (IPEC-1) were used to evaluate the protective effects of Hyp on 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE)-induced oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis. IPEC-1 pretreated with 0.5 to 5 mmol/L Hyp were exposed to 4-HNE (40 μmol/L) in the presence or absence of Hyp. Thereafter, the cells were subjected to apoptosis detection by Hoechst staining, flow cytometry, and Western blot or DNA damage analysis by comet assay, immunofluorescence, and reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Cell apoptosis and the upregulation of cleaved-caspase-3 induced by 4-HNE (40 μmol/L) were inhibited by 5 mmol/L of Hyp. In addition, 5 mmol/L Hyp attenuated 4-HNE-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, glutathione (GSH) deprivation and DNA damage. The elevation in transcription of GADD45a (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 alpha) and GADD45b (growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible protein 45 beta), as well as the phosphorylation of H2AX (H2A histone family, member X), p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase), and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) in cells treated with 4-HNE were alleviated by 5 mmol/L Hyp. Furthermore, Hyp supplementation increased the protein abundance of Krüppel like factor 4 (KLF4) in cells exposed to 4-HNE. Suppression of KLF4 expression by kenpaulone impeded the resistance of Hyp-treated cells to DNA damage and apoptosis induced by 4-HNE. Collectively, our results indicated that Hyp serves to protect against 4-HNE-induced apoptosis and DNA damage in IPEC-1 cells, which is partially pertinent with the enhanced expression of KLF4. Our data provides an updated explanation for the nutritional values of Hyp-containing animal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhaolai Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhenlong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalman TI. Rational Design of an Orally Active Anticancer Fluoropyrimidine, Pencitabine, a Hybrid of Capecitabine and Gemcitabine. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:409-416. [PMID: 35300092 PMCID: PMC8919275 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.1c00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure of the anticancer drug capecitabine was redesigned to prevent metabolic conversion to 5-fluorouracil and its associated potentially fatal toxicities. The resulting cytidine analogue, pencitabine, is a hybrid of capecitabine and gemcitabine, another anticancer drug in clinical use. Preliminary biological evaluation revealed that pencitabine is cytotoxic in vitro in cell culture and orally active in vivo in a human xenograft test system. Pencitabine may mimic the known therapeutically advantageous combination of its parent drugs. Pencitabine is postulated to interfere with DNA synthesis and function by inhibiting multiple nucleotide-metabolizing enzymes and by misincorporation into DNA. Based on detailed mechanistic analyses and literature precedents, the hypothesis is put forward that the significant DNA damage caused by pencitabine may be accounted for by two additional effects not shown by the parent drugs: inhibition of DNA glycosylases involved in base excision repair and of DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase involved in epigenetic regulation of cellular metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas I Kalman
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ren F, Ning H, Ge Y, Yin Z, Chen L, Hu D, Shen S, Wang X, Wang S, Li R, He J. Bisphenol A Induces Apoptosis in Response to DNA Damage through c-Abl/YAPY357/ p73 Pathway in P19 Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells. Toxicology 2022; 470:153138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
15
|
Liu D, Cheng Y, Tang Z, Mei X, Cao X, Liu J. Toxicity mechanism of acrolein on DNA damage and apoptosis in BEAS-2B cells: Insights from cell biology and molecular docking analyses. Toxicology 2021; 466:153083. [PMID: 34958888 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.153083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acrolein is a hazardous air pollutant for humans and is responsible for many pulmonary diseases, but the underlying mechanisms have not been completely elucidated. This work is focused on the genotoxicity effects of human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells induced by acrolein (20, 40, 80 μM). The molecular mechanism was investigated base on DNA damage and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways. The results showed that after exposure to acrolein, the cell viability, glutathione (GSH) of BEAS-2B cells were reduced. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) level significantly increased, accompanied by increased levels of DNA damage-related indicators 8-hydroxy-2 deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), DNA content of comet tail (Tail DNA%), olive tail moment (OTM), and nucleus morphology. Cell arrested at the G2/M phase. Then, the DNA damage response (DDR) signaling pathway (Ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) and Rad-3-related (ATR)/Chk1 and ATM/Chk2) and the consequent cell cycle checkpoints were activated. The expression of γ-H2AX was significantly increased, indicating that acrolein induced DNA double-strand breaks. Molecular docking assay showed that acrolein bound to DNA in a spontaneous process. Moreover, mitochondrial apoptosis pathway involved in apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content of BEAS-2B cells were significantly reduced, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased. The protein expression of Bax/Bcl-2 and Cleaved Caspase-3 were increased, and JNK signaling pathway was activated. All the results indicated that acrolein induced DNA damage, activated DDR and mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, which might be the pivotal factors to mediate cytotoxicity in BEAS-2B cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Ye Cheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Tang
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xueying Mei
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China.
| | - Jianli Liu
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Tian Z, Liu H, Chen X, Losiewicz MD, Wang R, Du X, Wang B, Ma Y, Zhang S, Shi L, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhang B, Yuan S, Zeng X, Zhang H. The activated ATM/p53 pathway promotes autophagy in response to oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage induced by Microcystin-LR in male germ cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112919. [PMID: 34715501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is an intracellular toxin with multi-organ toxicity and the testis is one of its important target organs. Although there is increasing research on MC-LR in male reproductive toxicity, the association between DNA damage and autophagy induced by MC-LR in male germ cells are still unclear. Therefore, it is important to explore the mechanism of MC-LR-induced DNA damage and the role of the activated ATM/p53 signaling pathway in testicular toxicity. The present study showed that MC-LR exposure significantly reduced gonadal index and induced pathological damage of the testes in mice. In addition, MC-LR increased the oxidative stress-related indicator hydroxyl radical, accompanied by increased levels of DNA damage-related indicators gamma-H2AX, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, the olive tail moment (OTM) and DNA content of comet tail (TailDNA%) in trailing cells. Moreover, MC-LR activated the ATM/p53 pathway by enhancing the phosphorylation levels of ATM, CHK2 and p53 proteins, and then led to cell autophagy, ultimately triggering disrupted testicular cell arrangement, reduced sperm count and spermatogenic cell shedding. Importantly, after pretreatment with the antioxidant NAC, the expression levels of DNA damage-related indicators and the extent of damage in male germ cells were significantly reduced. Furthermore, pretreatment with the ATM inhibitor KU55933 could reduce the occurrence of autophagy and mitigate testicular toxicity of MC-LR through inhibiting the activation of the ATM/p53 pathway. These results indicate that MC-LR-induced oxidative stress can activate the DNA damage-mediated ATM/p53 signalling pathway to induce autophagy in male germ cells. This study provides a novel insight to further clarify the reproductive toxicity caused by MC-LR and to protect male reproductive health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael D Losiewicz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bingqian Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Linjia Shi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xing Guo
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Yongshui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Shumeng Yuan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China
| | - Xin Zeng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu S, Xian Z, Zhao Y, Wang L, Tian J, Pan C, Han J, Zhang Y, Li C, Yi Y, Liu C, Wang D, Meng J, Qin S, Wang F, Liang A. Quantitative Determination and Toxicity Evaluation of Aristolochic Acid Analogues in Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin) and Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:761593. [PMID: 34899315 PMCID: PMC8662950 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.761593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Asarum (Xixin), which contains analogues of aristolochic acid (AA), is the only species of the genus Aristolochia included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020. However, the contents and nephrotoxic effects of AA analogs in Asarum (Xixin) and its formulations have not been clarified. An automatic, effective solid phase extraction process and UPLC-MS/MS method were established for the pretreatment and quantitative detection of AA analogues in commercially available traditional Chinese patent medicines. The cytotoxicity and DNA damage induced by five analogues of AA were evaluated by CCK8 using human kidney cells (HK-2) and comet assays. HPLC was used to detect the analogues of AA in Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin). The results showed that the contents of AA I, AA II, and AA IIIa were below the detection limit, while AA IVa and AL I presented relatively high contents of Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin), within the range of 66.50–121.03 μg/g and 19.73–43.75 μg/g, respectively. The levels of AA analogues were in the nanogram-per-gram level in the main traditional Chinese patent medicines. AA I and AL I exhibited relatively high cytotoxicity at 48 h in CCK8 assays, while AA II, AA IIIa, and AA IVa showed weak cytotoxicity even at 800–1,000 μM. AA I induced significant pathological alterations and direct DNA damage at 40 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg, respectively. No distinct nephrotoxicity or hepatotoxicity was observed in mice treated with AA II, AA IIIa, AA IVa, or AL I at 40 mg/kg in this study. Consumption of Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin) with controlled doses and periods is relatively safe as the contents of AA analogues in Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin) and its formulations were far below those causing acute toxicity in this study. But, the long-term toxicity of Asarum heterotropoides F. Schmidt (Xixin) still needs further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong Xian
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lianmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingzhuo Tian
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayin Han
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yushi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chenyue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dunfang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Meng
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shasha Qin
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aihua Liang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Natural Medicine and TCM Injections, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Banerjee D, Langberg K, Abbas S, Odermatt E, Yerramothu P, Volaric M, Reidenbach MA, Krentz KJ, Rubinstein CD, Brautigan DL, Abbas T, Gelfand BD, Ambati J, Kerur N. A non-canonical, interferon-independent signaling activity of cGAMP triggers DNA damage response signaling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6207. [PMID: 34707113 PMCID: PMC8551335 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26240-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP), produced by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), stimulates the production of type I interferons (IFN). Here we show that cGAMP activates DNA damage response (DDR) signaling independently of its canonical IFN pathways. Loss of cGAS dampens DDR signaling induced by genotoxic insults. Mechanistically, cGAS activates DDR in a STING-TBK1-dependent manner, wherein TBK1 stimulates the autophosphorylation of the DDR kinase ATM, with the consequent activation of the CHK2-p53-p21 signal transduction pathway and the induction of G1 cell cycle arrest. Despite its stimulatory activity on ATM, cGAMP suppresses homology-directed repair (HDR) through the inhibition of polyADP-ribosylation (PARylation), in which cGAMP reduces cellular levels of NAD+; meanwhile, restoring NAD+ levels abrogates cGAMP-mediated suppression of PARylation and HDR. Finally, we show that cGAMP also activates DDR signaling in invertebrate species lacking IFN (Crassostrea virginica and Nematostella vectensis), suggesting that the genome surveillance mechanism of cGAS predates metazoan interferon-based immunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daipayan Banerjee
- Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, 625020, India
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kurt Langberg
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Salar Abbas
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Eric Odermatt
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Praveen Yerramothu
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Martin Volaric
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Matthew A Reidenbach
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Kathy J Krentz
- Genome Editing & Animal Models Core, University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - C Dustin Rubinstein
- Genome Editing & Animal Models Core, University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center, Madison, WI, USA
| | - David L Brautigan
- Center for Cell Signaling, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tarek Abbas
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Bradley D Gelfand
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Jayakrishna Ambati
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Nagaraj Kerur
- Center for Advanced Vision Science, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Carter Immunology Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Z, Dai Z, Wang B, Gao Y, Gao X, Wang L, Zhou S, Yang L, Qiu X, Liu Z. Targeting c-MET to Enhance the Efficacy of Olaparib in Prostate Cancer. Onco Targets Ther 2021; 14:4383-4389. [PMID: 34377000 PMCID: PMC8349550 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s291267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in men worldwide. Olaparib is clinically approved for the treatment prostate cancer, but cytotoxicity and off-target effects including DNA damage limit its clinical applications. In the current study, new strategies to improve the therapeutic efficacy of olaparib for the treatment of prostate cancer were investigated. Methods Two prostate cancer cell lines were exposed to the c-MET inhibitor PHA665752 and/or the PARP inhibitor olaparib. Cell counting kit-8, colony formation assays, and transwell assays were conducted to evaluate the cytotoxicity of olaparib alone or in combination with PHA665752 in prostate cancer cell lines. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining, and the comet assay were used to assess the effects of PHA665752 on olaparib-induced DNA damage. Results Combined inhibition of c-MET and PARP resulted in effective and synergistic blocking of the growth of prostate cancer cell lines. Invasion and migration were significantly suppressed when the agents were combined. Mechanistically, dual blocking of PARP and c-MET in prostate cancer cell lines was associated with an impaired DNA damage response. Interestingly, immunofluorescence staining analysis of RAD51 protein indicated that the c-MET inhibitor PHA665752 significantly impaired homologous repair via downregulated translocation of RAD51 into the nucleus in prostate cancer cells. Conclusion The combination of the c-MET inhibitor PHA665752 and the PARP inhibitor olaparib may be a promising therapeutic strategy in patients with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenwei Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China.,Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihong Dai
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuren Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihai Zhou
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Yang
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofu Qiu
- Department of Urology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyu Liu
- Department of Urinary Surgery, Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ge Y, Ren F, Chen L, Hu D, Wang X, Cui Y, Suo Y, Zhang H, He J, Yin Z, Ning H. Bisphenol A exposure induces apoptosis and impairs early embryonic development in Xenopus laevis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 280:116901. [PMID: 33773307 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical that is largely produced and used in the plastics industry, causes environmental pollution and is absorbed by humans through consumption of food and liquids in polycarbonate containers. BPA exerts developmental and genetic toxicities to embryos and offsprings, but the embryotoxicity mechanism of this chemical is unclear. This study aimed to explore the toxic effect of BPA on embryonic development and elucidate its toxicity mechanism. Embryos of Xenopus laevis as a model were treated with different concentrations (0.1, 1, 10, and 20 μM) of BPA at the two-cell stage to investigate the developmental toxicity of BPA. Embryonic development and behaviors were monitored 24 h-96 h of BPA exposure. BPA concentrations greater than 1 μM exerted significant teratogenic effects on the Xenopus embryos, which showed short tail axis, miscoiled guts, and bent notochord as the main malformations. The 20 μM BPA-treated embryos were seriously damaged in all aspects and exhibited deformity, impaired behavioral ability, and tissue damage. The DNA integrity and apoptosis of the Xenopus embryos were also investigated. Exposure to BPA concentrations higher than 0.1 μM significantly induced DNA damage (p < 0.05). The 10 and 20 μM BPA-treated embryos exhibited higher levels of cleaved caspase-3 protein than the control. The ratios of bax/bcl-2 mRNA were significantly higher in the 10 μM and 20 μM-treated embryos than the ratio in the control group. Overall, data indicated that BPA can delay the early development, induce DNA damage and apoptosis, and eventually cause multiple malformations in Xenopus embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaming Ge
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Fei Ren
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China
| | - Lingli Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Dongfang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Xinrui Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Yunli Cui
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Yu Suo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Hongli Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Junping He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China
| | - Zhihong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China
| | - Hongmei Ning
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Cao J, Liu Z, Wang C, Wang J, Pan B, Qie S. Cell Models for Birth Defects Caused by Chloroethyl Nitrosourea-Induced DNA Lesions. J Craniofac Surg 2021; 32:778-782. [PMID: 33705035 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000006850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Birth defects have been linked to administration of alkylating agents during pregnancy. The anti-tumor efficacy of alkylating agents correlate with their ability to induce DNA lesions, especially interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Yet the role of DNA damages in birth defects remains to be clarified, owing, in part, to a lack of cell models. Here we generate DNA lesions in NIH/3T3 cells to mimic defects in fetus triggered by 3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU, carmustine). CCK-8 assay suggests that BCNU-induced cell death was dose-dependent. Alkaline comet tests and γ-H2AX staining confirm DNA ICLs and other forms of DNA damages caused by BCNUs. The cell cycle analysis shows cells arrest in G2/M phase until crosslinks repair is complete. Taken together, all these experiments demonstrate we have successfully established normal cell models for birth defects caused by BCNU-mediated DNA damages. The model can not only guide the development of effective and low-toxicity anticancer drugs, but also be of great significance for the study of neonatal malformation triggered by BCNUs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Cao
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Zongjian Liu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Congxiao Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College
| | - Shuyan Qie
- Department of Rehabilitation, Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
β-Hexachlorocyclohexane Drives Carcinogenesis in the Human Normal Bronchial Epithelium Cell Line BEAS-2B. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115834. [PMID: 34072471 PMCID: PMC8199278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides constitute the majority of the total environmental pollutants, and a wide range of compounds have been found to be carcinogenic to humans. Among all, growing interest has been focused on β-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), virtually the most hazardous and, at the same time, the most poorly investigated member of the hexachlorocyclohexane family. Considering the multifaceted biochemical activities of β-HCH, already established in our previous studies, the aim of this work is to assess whether β-HCH could also trigger cellular malignant transformation toward cancer development. For this purpose, experiments were performed on the human normal bronchial epithelium cell line BEAS-2B exposed to 10 µM β-HCH. The obtained results strongly support the carcinogenic potential of β-HCH, which is achieved through both non-genotoxic (activation of oncogenic signaling pathways and proliferative activity) and indirect genotoxic (ROS production and DNA damage) mechanisms that significantly affect cellular macroscopic characteristics and functions such as cell morphology, cell cycle profile, and apoptosis. Taking all these elements into account, the presented study provides important elements to further characterize β-HCH, which appears to be a full-fledged carcinogenic agent.
Collapse
|
23
|
do Nascimento MLLB, Dos Reis AC, Santos JVO, Negreiros HA, da Silva FCC, Ferreira PMP, Gonçalves JCR, Dittz D, Braz DC, Nunes AMV, Cunha RLOR, Melo-Cavalcante AAC, de Castro E Sousa JM. Antiproliferative and Genotoxic Action of an Underexploited Organoteluran Derivative on Sarcoma 180 Cells. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 21:1019-1026. [PMID: 32951579 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200918110152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The search for novel metallic chemical compounds with toxicogenic effects has been of great importance for more efficient cancer treatment. OBJECTIVE The study evaluated the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic activity of organoteluran RF07 in the S-180 cell line. METHODS The bioassays used were cell viability with 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazole)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, evaluation of apoptosis and necrosis using fluorescence and flow cytometry, cytokinesisblock micronucleus test and comet assay. The compound was tested at 1; 2.5 and 5μM. RESULTS The results showed the cytotoxicity of RF07 at concentrations of 2.5, 5, 10 and 20μM when compared to the negative control. For genotoxicity tests, RF07 showed effects in all concentrations assessed by increased index and frequencies of damage and mutagenic alterations. The compound was also cytotoxic due to the significant decrease in the nuclear division index, with significant values of apoptosis and necrosis. The results of fluorescence and flow cytometry showed apoptosis as the main type of cell death caused by RF07 at 5μM, which is thought to avoid an aggressive immune response of the organism. CONCLUSION In addition to cytotoxic and genotoxic effects, RF07 creates good perspectives for future antitumor formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria L L Barreto do Nascimento
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - José V O Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Helber A Negreiros
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo M P Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Juan C R Gonçalves
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Dalton Dittz
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Débora C Braz
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Adriana M V Nunes
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Laboratory of Experimental Cancerology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L O R Cunha
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, Brazil
| | - Ana A C Melo-Cavalcante
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| | - João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Toxicological Genetics, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Zhao B, Wang Y, Yao X, Chen D, Fan M, Jin Z, He Q. Photocatalysis-mediated drug-free sustainable cancer therapy using nanocatalyst. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1345. [PMID: 33649319 PMCID: PMC7921091 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21618-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug therapy unavoidably brings toxic side effects and drug content-limited therapeutic efficacy although many nanocarriers have been developed to improve them to a certain extent. In this work, a concept of drug-free therapeutics is proposed and defined as a therapeutic methodology without the use of traditional toxic drugs, without the consumption of therapeutic agents during treatment but with the inexhaustible therapeutic capability to maximize the benefit of treatment, and a Z-scheme SnS1.68-WO2.41 nanocatalyst is developed to achieve near infrared (NIR)-photocatalytic generation of oxidative holes and hydrogen molecules for realizing combined hole/hydrogen therapy by the drug-free therapeutic strategy. Without the need of any drug and other therapeutic agent assistance, the nanocatalyst oxidizes/consumes intratumoral over-expressed glutathione (GSH) by holes and simultaneously generates hydrogen molecules in a lasting and controllable way under NIR irradiation. Mechanistically, generated hydrogen molecules and GSH consumption inhibit cancer cell energy and destroy intratumoral redox balance, respectively, to synergistically damage DNA and induce tumor cell apoptosis. High efficacy and biosafety of combined hole/hydrogen therapy of tumors are achieved by the nanocatalyst. The proposed catalysis-based drug-free therapeutic strategy breaks a pathway to realize high efficacy and low toxicity of cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bin Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingshuai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xianxian Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Danyang Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingjian Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhaokui Jin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qianjun He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
- Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
A weight of evidence assessment of the genotoxicity of 2,6-xylidine based on existing and new data, with relevance to safety of lidocaine exposure. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 119:104838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2020.104838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
26
|
Integrative comparison of cadmium and iron oxide as yellow pigment in terms of cellular stress and genotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-020-00113-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
27
|
Chowdhury J, Mandal TK, Mondal S. Genotoxic impact of emerging contaminant amoxicillin residue on zebra fish ( Danio rerio) embryos. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05379. [PMID: 33163678 PMCID: PMC7609451 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The widest-spectrum, most-consumed β-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin (AMX) is used to treat bovine mastitis that is caused primarily by many bacteria. Excessive use of antibiotics can lead to established residual contamination of the milk even after pasteurization. The amount of antibiotic residue above Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) has a negative impact on both public health and the environment. Therefore, the objective of this study is to determine the concentration of amoxicillin residue (AMXR) in raw and pasteurized milk samples of cow suffered from mastitis, by the standard methods of HPLC compared to pure AMX drug and effect of the said residue on the developmental toxicity and genotoxicity of zebra fish at 72 hpf and 48 hpf embryo, respectively. Results obtained by HPLC showed that AMXR exhibits 574.89 and 250.75 times higher concentration in the raw and pasteurized milk than MRL in compare to pure AMX drug. This current study showed that AMXR decreased the body length and yolk sac region, while the pure AMX drug-treated group showed increased height and length of the yolk sac and shorter body length relative to the other groups. The Comet Assay measured the DNA damage caused by AMXR. The group where AMXR were applied showed the highest percentage of tail DNA and tail moment relative to other groups. So, here AMXR is considered as the genotoxic contaminant that is emerging and affect on public health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayanta Chowdhury
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM 4, Sector V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700 091, West Bengal, India
| | - Tapan Kumar Mandal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, 700 037, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandhimita Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Techno India University, EM 4, Sector V, Salt Lake City, Kolkata, 700 091, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Movsisyan N, Pardo LA. Kv10.1 Regulates Microtubule Dynamics during Mitosis. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092409. [PMID: 32854244 PMCID: PMC7564071 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Kv10.1 (potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 1, known as EAG1 or Ether-à-go-go 1), is a voltage-gated potassium channel, prevailingly expressed in the central nervous system. The aberrant expression of Kv10.1 is detected in over 70% of all human tumor tissues and correlates with poorer prognosis. In peripheral tissues, Kv10.1 is expressed almost exclusively during the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and regulates its progression-downregulation of Kv10.1 extends the duration of the G2/M phase both in cancer and healthy cells. Here, using biochemical and imaging techniques, such as live-cell measurements of microtubule growth and of cytosolic calcium, we elucidate the mechanisms of Kv10.1-mediated regulation at the G2/M phase. We show that Kv10.1 has a dual effect on mitotic microtubule dynamics. Through the functional interaction with ORAI1 (calcium release-activated calcium channel protein 1), it modulates cytosolic calcium oscillations, thereby changing microtubule behavior. The inhibition of either Kv10.1 or ORAI1 stabilizes the microtubules. In contrast, the knockdown of Kv10.1 increases the dynamicity of mitotic microtubules, resulting in a stronger spindle assembly checkpoint, greater mitotic spindle angle, and a decrease in lagging chromosomes. Understanding of Kv10.1-mediated modulation of the microtubule architecture will help to comprehend how cancer tissue benefits from the presence of Kv10.1, and thereby increase the efficacy and safety of Kv10.1-directed therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Environmental exposures have long been known to impact public health and safety. For example, exposures to airborne particulates, heavy metals in water, or certain industrial chemicals can contribute to aging and to risk of developing cancer and other diseases. Environmental factors can impact health in a variety of ways, but a key concern is DNA damage, which can lead to mutations that cause cancer. Cancer can take years to develop following chemical exposure; however, one way to predict carcinogenicity in a more practical time frame is by studying the chemical's ability to induce DNA damage. The comet assay (or single-cell gel electrophoresis assay) has been used successfully for genotoxicity testing. The comet assay allows for the detection of DNA strand breaks via analysis of DNA migration during electrophoresis. Previously, the Engelward laboratory, in collaboration with the Bhatia laboratory, developed the CometChip for measurements of DNA damage and repair. The CometChip is a high-throughput comet assay that improves user reproducibility and significantly shortens total assay time. Here, we describe how the high-throughput CometChip platform can be used to measure DNA damage in established cell lines, animal models, and human samples. We also discuss technical challenges associated with these studies and provide recommendations on how to achieve optimal results for researchers interested in adopting this assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christy Chao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| | - Bevin P. Engelward
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Antitumoral effects of [6]-gingerol [(S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone] in sarcoma 180 cells through cytogenetic mechanisms. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 126:110004. [PMID: 32145583 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 02/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND [6]-Gingerol [(S)-5-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-decanone] is a phenolic substance reported for several ethnopharmacological usage by virtue of its antioxidant, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. This study assessed the antitumoral effects of [6]-Gingerol in primary cells of Sarcoma 180 as well as in peripheral blood lymphocytes of mice. METHODS The effect of [6]-Gingerol was assessed by applying cytogenetic biomarkers as indicative of genotoxicity, mutagenicity and apoptosis. Ascitic liquid cells were treated with [6]-Gingerol at concentrations of 21.33, 42.66 and 85.33 μM and subjected to the cytotoxicity assays using Trypan blue test and the comet assay, as well as the cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. Doxorubicin (6 μM) and hydrogen peroxide (85.33 μM) were used as positive controls. RESULTS [6]-Gingerol, especially at concentrations of 42.66 and 85.33 μM, showed notable cytotoxicity in Sarcoma 180 cells by reducing cell viability and cell division rates via induction of apoptosis. Genotoxicity at the concentrations used was punctuated by the increase in the index and frequency of DNA damage in tested groups. [6]-Gingerol, at all concentrations tested, did not induce significant aneugenic and/or clastogenic effects. It did, however, induced other nuclear abnormalities, such as nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds and apoptosis. The genotoxic effects observed in the cotreatment with H2O2 (challenge assay) employing neoplastic and healthy cells, indicated that [6]-Gingerol may induce oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS Observations suggest that [6]-Gingerol may be a candidate for pharmaceutical antitumoral formulations due to its cytotoxicity and to mechanisms associated with genetic instability generated by nuclear alterations especially by apoptosis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee C, O'Connell CD, Onofrillo C, Choong PFM, Di Bella C, Duchi S. Human articular cartilage repair: Sources and detection of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in photo-crosslinkable hydrogel bioscaffolds. Stem Cells Transl Med 2020; 9:302-315. [PMID: 31769213 PMCID: PMC7031631 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.19-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional biofabrication using photo-crosslinkable hydrogel bioscaffolds has the potential to revolutionize the need for transplants and implants in joints, with articular cartilage being an early target tissue. However, to successfully translate these approaches to clinical practice, several barriers must be overcome. In particular, the photo-crosslinking process may impact on cell viability and DNA integrity, and consequently on chondrogenic differentiation. In this review, we primarily explore the specific sources of cellular cytotoxicity and genotoxicity inherent to the photo-crosslinking reaction, the methods to analyze cell death, cell metabolism, and DNA damage within the bioscaffolds, and the possible strategies to overcome these detrimental effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Lee
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Melbourne, St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Cathal D. O'Connell
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical DiscoverySt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Carmine Onofrillo
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Melbourne, St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical DiscoverySt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Peter F. M. Choong
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Melbourne, St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical DiscoverySt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- Department of OrthopaedicsSt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Claudia Di Bella
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Melbourne, St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical DiscoverySt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- Department of OrthopaedicsSt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| | - Serena Duchi
- Department of SurgeryUniversity of Melbourne, St Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
- BioFab3D, Aikenhead Centre for Medical DiscoverySt Vincent's HospitalFitzroyVictoriaAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Chakrabarti S, Goyary D, Karmakar S, Chattopadhyay P. Exploration of cytotoxic and genotoxic endpoints following sub-chronic oral exposure to titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Toxicol Ind Health 2019; 35:577-592. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233719879611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Health hazards of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) have raised severe concerns because of the paucity of information regarding the toxic effects among the population. In the present research, the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxic potential of TiO2-NPs were evaluated using flow cytometric techniques. Further, in vitro and in vivo genotoxic endpoints were estimated by means of comet, micronucleus (MN), and chromosomal aberration (CA) assays. In vitro analysis was performed at the concentration range of 10–100 µg/mL using murine RAW 264.7 cells. In vivo experiments were conducted on Albino mice (M/F) by exposing them to 200 and 500 mg/kg TiO2-NPs for 90 days. Decreased percentage of cell viability with higher doses of TiO2-NPs was evident in both in vitro and in vivo flow cytometric analysis. Further, an impaired cell cycle (G0/G1, S, and G2/M) was reflected in the present investigation following the exposure to TiO2-NPs. Increased comet scores such as tail length, % DNA in tail, tail moment, and olive moment were also observed with the higher doses of TiO2-NPs in vitro and in vivo comet assays. Finally, the in vivo MN and CA assays revealed the formation of MN and chromosomal breakage following the exposure to TiO2-NPs.
Collapse
|
33
|
Huang L, Cai C, Dang W, Lu JH, Hu GF, Gu J. Propyl isothiocyanate induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by oxidative stress via glutathione depletion. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:5490-5498. [PMID: 31612057 PMCID: PMC6781591 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Isothiocyanates are a group of compounds that exist in the majority of cruciferous plants. A number of isothiocyanates have been demonstrated to exhibit anticancer effects; however, antitumor properties of propyl isothiocyanate (PITC) have not been evaluated previously. In this study, the possible effects of PITC on gastric cancer (GC) cells were investigated, and the potential underlying mechanisms were explored. The results demonstrated that PITC inhibited cell viability of two GC cell lines and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Treatment with PITC promoted total glutathione depletion in GC cell lines, leading to reactive oxygen species accumulation and DNA damage, which activated the mitochondria-dependent and p53 signaling pathways to trigger apoptosis in GC cells. The effects of PITC were reversed by N-Acetyl-L-cysteine. The results of the present study revealed the potential mechanisms of PITC on apoptosis induction in GC cells, which may be mediated by mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and DNA damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Wei Dang
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Gang-Feng Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Chongming Branch, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 202150, P.R. China
| | - Jun Gu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China.,Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Cukurova Z, Cetingok H, Ozturk S, Gedikbasi A, Hergunsel O, Ozturk D, Don B, Cefle K, Palanduz S, Ertem DH. DNA damage effects of inhalation anesthetics in human bronchoalveolar cells. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16518. [PMID: 31393354 PMCID: PMC6708896 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main objective was to evaluate and compare the local genotoxicity of sevoflurane and desflurane in bronchoalveolar cells, while the secondary outcome was to detect systemic oxidative DNA damage. To our knowledge, our study is the first one to evaluate the local effects of inhalation anesthetics in human bronchoalveolar cells in patients. METHODS American Society of Anesthesiologists group I-II patients scheduled for lumbar discectomy surgery were enrolled in this randomized prospective study. Patients were randomized to sevoflurane or desflurane for anesthesia maintenance. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples and peripheral blood samples were taken at 2-time points: the first point (baseline, T1); and the second point (postexposure, T2). Final number of 48 samples were the sevoflurane (n = 22) and desflurane (n = 26) groups. Comet assay was applied to examine genotoxic properties. Oxidative DNA damage in plasma was measured with 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). RESULTS T2 values were higher than baseline values in both the desflurane group (tail-length: 66 ± 24, %DNA in tail: 72 ± 60, tail moment: 47.52 ± 14.4; P = .001, P = .005, P = .001, respectively) and the sevoflurane group (tail-length: 58 ± 33, %DNA in tail: 88 ± 80, tail moment: 51.04 ± 26.4; P = .001, P = .012, P = .001, respectively). T2 plasma 8-OHdG levels were also higher than baseline levels in the desflurane group (3.91 ± 0.19 ng/ml vs 1.32 ± 0.20 ng/ml, P = .001) and sevoflurane group (3.98 ± 0.18 ng/ml vs 1.31 ± 0.11 ng/ml, P = .001). There were no differences between the 2 groups in comet parameters and 8-OHdG levels. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that both inhalation agents cause DNA damage in the bronchoalveolar cells. Also, we detected increases in plasma 8-OHdG concentrations. Local genotoxicity and systemic oxidized DNA damage were similar in both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Cukurova
- Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
| | - Halil Cetingok
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Anesthesiology
| | - Sukru Ozturk
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Asuman Gedikbasi
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Oya Hergunsel
- Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care
| | - Derya Ozturk
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Burak Don
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Kivanc Cefle
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Sukru Palanduz
- Istanbul University Medical Faculty, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Medical Genetics, Bakirköy Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Biochemistry Lab
| | - Devrimsel Harika Ertem
- University of Health Science, Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Research and Training Hospital, Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Slator C, Molphy Z, McKee V, Long C, Brown T, Kellett A. Di-copper metallodrugs promote NCI-60 chemotherapy via singlet oxygen and superoxide production with tandem TA/TA and AT/AT oligonucleotide discrimination. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 46:2733-2750. [PMID: 29474633 PMCID: PMC5888725 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to expand the current repertoire of cancer treatments and to help circumvent limitations associated with resistance, the identification of new metallodrugs with high potency and novel mechanisms of action is of significant importance. Here we present a class of di-copper(II) complex based on the synthetic chemical nuclease [Cu(Phen)2]+ (where Phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) that is selective against solid epithelial cancer cells from the National Cancer Institute's 60 human cell line panel (NCI-60). Two metallodrug leads are studied and in each case two [Cu(Phen)2]+ units are bridged by a dicarboxylate linker but the length and rigidity of the linkers differ distinctly. Both agents catalyze intracellular superoxide (O2•-) and singlet oxygen (1O2) formation with radical species mediating oxidative damage within nuclear DNA in the form of double strand breaks and to the mitochondria in terms of membrane depolarization. The complexes are effective DNA binders and can discriminate AT/AT from TA/TA steps of duplex DNA through induction of distinctive Z-like DNA or by intercalative interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Creina Slator
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Zara Molphy
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Vickie McKee
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Conor Long
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Tom Brown
- Department of Chemistry, Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Andrew Kellett
- School of Chemical Sciences and National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sun D, Zhao T, Li X, Zhang Z. Evaluation of DNA and chromosomal damage in two human HaCaT and L02 cells treated with varying triclosan concentrations. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:473-482. [PMID: 31106712 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1618758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Triclosan has been used in a large number of consumer products and concerns have been raised over regarding potential genotoxicity. However, the genotoxicity of triclosan has not been assessed in normal human cells. The aim of this study was to examine the potential genotoxicity using the comet assay and micronucleus (MN) test to detect DNA damage and chromosomal breakage attributed to triclosan in human keratinocyte HaCaT and hepatic L02 cells. The concentrations of triclosan selected for the comet assay and MN test were based upon preliminary results from cytotoxicity testing in order to reduce cytotoxic effects. The mutagenicity of triclosan was assessed in Salmonella reverse mutation assay (Ames test). Results of comet assay showed that 5, 7.5 or 10 μM triclosan did not markedly affect olive tail moment (OTM) in HaCaT and L02 cells. In addition, no significant alterations in MN frequency were found in cells treated with triclosan. Further, treatment with 10 μg/plate triclosan produced inhibitory effects in bacterium using Ames test, while 1 and 0.1 μg/plate triclosan did not markedly affect the number of colonies or mutant frequencies of Salmonella strains. Taken together, triclosan did not cause DNA and chromosomal damage in HaCaT and L02 cells and did not induce gene mutations in Salmonella strains under our experimental conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donglei Sun
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhe Zhao
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyang Li
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| | - Zunzhen Zhang
- a Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan , People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Technical recommendations to perform the alkaline standard and enzyme-modified comet assay in human biomonitoring studies. Mutat Res 2019; 843:24-32. [PMID: 31421734 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The comet assay (single cell gel electrophoresis) is widely used as a biomonitoring tool to assess DNA damage - strand breaks, as well as oxidised bases; it can also be adapted to measure DNA repair. It is based on the ability of breaks in the DNA to relax supercoiling, allowing DNA loops to extend from the nuclear core (nucleoid) under an electric field to form a comet-like tail. Most commonly, it is applied to white blood cells. The range of detection is between a few hundred breaks per cell and a few thousand, encompassing levels of damage that can be repaired and tolerated by human cells. Its applications include monitoring various diseases, studying the influence of nutrition on DNA stability, and investigating effects of environmental and occupational mutagens. Here we address the issue of inter-laboratory variation in comet assay results. This variation is largely due to differences in methods. Imposing a standard protocol is not practical, but users should be aware of the crucial parameters that affect performance of the assay. These include the concentration of agarose in which the cells are embedded; the duration of cell lysis, and of enzyme incubation when oxidised bases are being measured; the duration of alkaline unwinding; the duration of electrophoresis and the voltage gradient applied; and the method used to score the comets. Including reference standards in each experiment allows experimental variability to be monitored - and if variation is not extreme, results can be normalised using reference standard values. Reference standards are also essential for inter-laboratory comparison. Finally, we offer recommendations which, we believe, will limit variability and increase the usefulness of this assay in molecular epidemiology.
Collapse
|
38
|
Pahlke G, Attakpah E, Aichinger G, Ahlberg K, Hochkogler CM, Schweiger K, Schipp D, Somoza V, Marko D. Dark coffee consumption protects human blood cells from spontaneous DNA damage. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
|
39
|
Eggplant fruits protect against DNA damage and mutations. Mutat Res 2018; 813:39-45. [PMID: 30594791 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Eggplant belongs to the Solanaceae family, and it has an important antioxidant capability that has been shown to counteract oxidation, which is harmful to health and many diseases. In this present study, we evaluated the antigenotoxic effects of six eggplants ((Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-lueang'; ML), (Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-pro'; MP), (Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq. 'Ma-khuea-sawoei'; MS), (Solanum melongena Linn. 'Ma-khuea-khai-tao'; MKT), (Solanum melongena Linn. 'Ma-khuea-muang klom'; MM) and (Solanum torvum Sw. 'Ma-khuea-phuang'; MPH)) against urethane-induced somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster and hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes. First, we determined all of the eggplant extracts of their antioxidant properties including radical scavenging activities, reducing antioxidant power and total phenolic contents, surprisingly ML extract showed the highest level of activity. In SMART, larvae were fed with each lyophilized eggplant. The results revealed that no sample was mutagenic. Interestingly, we found that all six eggplants had a potent inhibitory effect against urethane-induced mutagenicity. Moreover, the protective effect of each eggplant extract against oxidative DNA damage in human lymphocytes was investigated using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. The treatment cells with six eggplant extracts prevented DNA human lymphocytes in response to hydrogen peroxide, especially ML extract exhibited higher an inhibition percentage than other samples. This study demonstrated that these eggplants seem to be safe for consumption and their extracts could protect against DNA damage. Thus, these eggplants have the potential to provide health benefits associated with prevention or reduced risk of developing chronic diseases, such as cancer.
Collapse
|
40
|
Bankoglu EE, Seyfried F, Arnold C, Soliman A, Jurowich C, Germer CT, Otto C, Stopper H. Reduction of DNA damage in peripheral lymphocytes of obese patients after bariatric surgery-mediated weight loss. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:61-67. [PMID: 29294093 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gex040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with several detrimental health consequences, among them an increased risk for development of cancer, and an overall elevated mortality. Multiple factors like hyperinsulinemia, chronic microinflammation and oxidative stress may be involved. The comet assay has been proven to be very sensitive for detection of DNA damage and has been used to explore the relationship between overweight/obesity and DNA damage, but results are controversial. Very few investigations have been performed to correlate weight loss of obese individuals and possible reduction of DNA damage and these studies have not provided clear results. As currently, only surgical interventions (metabolic/bariatric surgery) enable substantial and sustained weight loss in the vast majority of morbidly obese patients, we analyzed whole blood samples of 56 subsequent patients prior, 6 and 12 months after bariatric surgery. No reduction of DNA damage was observed in comet assay analysis after 6 months despite efficient weight loss, but a significant reduction was observed 12 months after surgery. Concurrently, the ferric-reducing antioxidant power assay showed a significant reduction after 6 and 12 months. The level of oxidised glutathione and lipid peroxidation products were increased at 6 months but normalised at 12 months after surgery. As conclusion, a significant weight reduction in obese patients may help to diminish existing DNA damage besides improving many other health aspects in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Seyfried
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Arnold
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Soliman
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Jurowich
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Thomas Germer
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Otto
- Department of General, Visceral, Vascular and Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.,Experimental Surgery, Department of General, Visceral, Vascular, and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Helga Stopper
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Khisroon M, Khan A, Ullah U, Zaidi F, Ahmadullah. Bio-monitoring of DNA damage in matchstick industry workers from Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2018; 24:126-133. [PMID: 30247095 DOI: 10.1080/10773525.2018.1523860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Safety protocols are usually neglected in most of the matchstick industries rendering the laborer prone to various occupational hazards. OBJECTIVE The present study highlights DNA damage among matchstick factory workers (n = 92) against a control group (n = 48) of healthy individuals. METHODS Genotoxicity was measured in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the test subjects using a Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (SCGE/comet assay). RESULTS Our results substantiate a high Total Comet Score (TCS) for factory workers (74.5 ± 47.0) when compared to the control group (53.0 ± 25.0) (P ≤ 0.001). Age and duration of occupational exposure had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on TCS value. As for job function, the TCS value was greatest in sweepers (91.0 ± 56.1) and lowest in box-making operators (26.0 ± 25.0) indicating that waste disposal poses the higher risk of DNA damage. CONCLUSIONS Our study corroborates that matchstick chemicals can potentially damage the DNA of exposed subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Khisroon
- a Department of Zoology , University of Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Ajmal Khan
- a Department of Zoology , University of Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Ubaid Ullah
- a Department of Zoology , University of Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Farrah Zaidi
- a Department of Zoology , University of Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| | - Ahmadullah
- a Department of Zoology , University of Peshawar , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xu D, Liang D, Guo Y, Sun Y. Endosulfan causes the alterations of DNA damage response through ATM-p53 signaling pathway in human leukemia cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:1048-1055. [PMID: 29705383 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to pesticides results in DNA damage and genomic instability. We previously predicted that endosulfan might be associated with leukemia, but the role of endosulfan in leukemia cells has been unexplored. The aim of this study is to elucidate molecular mechanism of endosulfan-induced DNA damage response in human leukemia cells. We performed endosulfan exposure experiments in K562 cells with varying concentrations of endosulfan for 48 h and found that endosulfan lowered cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. We observed the dramatic DNA damage using comet assay and the increase of micronucleus in 75 μM endosulfan-exposed cells. Endosulfan at 75 μM caused the expression alterations of ATM and DNA repair genes such as FANCD2, and BRCA1/2 at different exposure time points (12, 24, 48 h), which was reversed by ATM inhibitor KU-55933. Endosulfan significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of p53 and GADD45A, and decreased PCNA and XRCC2 at 48 h after exposure. Flow cytometric analysis showed that endosulfan at 50 and 75 μM induced cell cycle G1 arrest, a response attributed to down-regulation of CDK6 and up-regulation of p21. We also observed that endosulfan at 50 and 75 μM induced a considerable percentage of cells to undergo apoptosis, as detected by Annexin-V binding assays. Endosulfan resulted in the activation of caspase-3, and elevated the expression levels of PUMA and the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2. These findings suggest that endosulfan caused DNA damage response throughATM-p53 signaling pathway, implicating the potential correlation between endosulfan and leukemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, PR China.
| | - Dong Liang
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, PR China.
| | - Yubing Guo
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, PR China.
| | - Yeqing Sun
- Institute of Environmental Systems Biology, Dalian Maritime University, Linghai Road 1, Dalian, 116026, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Higelin J, Catanese A, Semelink-Sedlacek LL, Oeztuerk S, Lutz AK, Bausinger J, Barbi G, Speit G, Andersen PM, Ludolph AC, Demestre M, Boeckers TM. NEK1 loss-of-function mutation induces DNA damage accumulation in ALS patient-derived motoneurons. Stem Cell Res 2018; 30:150-162. [PMID: 29929116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in genes coding for proteins involved in DNA damage response (DDR) and repair, such as C9orf72 and FUS (Fused in Sarcoma), are associated with neurodegenerative diseases and lead to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in NEK1 (NIMA-related kinase 1) have also been recently found to cause ALS. NEK1 codes for a multifunctional protein, crucially involved in mitotic checkpoint control and DDR. To resolve pathological alterations associated with NEK1 mutation, we compared hiPSC-derived motoneurons carrying a NEK1 mutation with mutant C9orf72 and wild type neurons at basal level and after DNA damage induction. Motoneurons carrying a C9orf72 mutation exhibited cell specific signs of increased DNA damage. This phenotype was even more severe in NEK1c.2434A>T neurons that showed significantly increased DNA damage at basal level and impaired DDR after induction of DNA damage in an maturation-dependent manner. Our results provide first mechanistic insight in pathophysiological alterations induced by NEK1 mutations and point to a converging pathomechanism of different gene mutations causative for ALS. Therefore, our study contributes to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to reduce DNA damage accumulation in neurodegenerative diseases and ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Higelin
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Alberto Catanese
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Sertap Oeztuerk
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Lutz
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; International Graduate School in Molecular Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Gotthold Barbi
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Günter Speit
- Institute for Human Genetics, University Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter M Andersen
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umea University, Umea, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Demestre
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Tobias M Boeckers
- Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zeller A, Pfuhler S, Albertini S, Bringezu F, Czich A, Dietz Y, Fautz R, Hewitt NJ, Kirst A, Kasper P. A critical appraisal of the sensitivity of in vivo genotoxicity assays in detecting human carcinogens. Mutagenesis 2018; 33:179-193. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gey005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zeller
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, pRED Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Pfuhler
- Procter & Gamble, Global Product Stewardship, Human Safety, Mason Business Centre, Mason, OH, USA
| | - Silvio Albertini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, pRED Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Grenzacherstrasse, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Andreas Czich
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Yasmin Dietz
- Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, Industriepark Hoechst, Frankfurt, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Peter Kasper
- Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical Devices (BfArM), Kurt-Georg-Kiesinger-Allee, Bonn, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Taju G, Abdul Majeed S, Nambi KSN, Sahul Hameed AS. Application of fish cell lines for evaluating the chromium induced cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 184:1-12. [PMID: 28575799 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we hypothesize that cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress play a key role in chromium induced toxicity in SISS, SISK, IEE, IEK, IEG, SICH and ICG cell lines after 24 h exposure. Three fish species namely Lates calcarifer, Etroplus suratensis and Catla catla were exposed to the concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg/L of chromium for 96 h under static conditions for conducting acute toxicity tests. LC50 was then calculated. The percentage cell survival was assessed by multiple endpoints such as MTT, NR, AB and CB assays in the seven fish cell lines exposed to different concentrations of chromium and EC50 values of all the four endpoints were calculated. High significances were noted in the correlations between each in vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo mortality data. Cell shrinkage, cell detachment, vacuolations and cell swelling at the highest concentration of chromium (50 mg/L) were seen on microscopic examination of cell morphology. Comet assay and Hoechst staining were carried out to assess DNA damage and nuclear fragmentation in the seven fish lines exposed to chromium. The results of antioxidant parameters obtained indicate a significant reduction in the level of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase and Glutathione peroxidase, and increased level of lipid peroxidation in all the cell lines exposed to chromium. These results confirm that fish cell lines could be used as an alternative to whole fish for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and oxidative stress assessment in chromium toxicity studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Taju
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S Abdul Majeed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K S N Nambi
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A S Sahul Hameed
- Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory (OIE Reference for WTD), PG & Research Department of Zoology, C. Abdul Hakeem College, Melvisharam - 632 509, Vellore District, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Carvalho-Silva M, Gomes LM, Scaini G, Rebelo J, Damiani AP, Pereira M, Andrade VM, Gava FF, Valvassori SS, Schuck PF, Ferreira GC, Streck EL. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation decreases DNA damage in brain of rats subjected to a chemically induced chronic model of Tyrosinemia type II. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:1043-1050. [PMID: 28315992 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-017-9994-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosinemia type II is an inborn error of metabolism caused by a mutation in a gene encoding the enzyme tyrosine aminotransferase leading to an accumulation of tyrosine in the body, and is associated with neurologic and development difficulties in numerous patients. Because the accumulation of tyrosine promotes oxidative stress and DNA damage, the main aim of this study was to investigate the possible antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of omega-3 treatment in a chemically-induced model of Tyrosinemia type II in hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex of rats. Our results showed chronic administration of L-tyrosine increased the frequency and the index of DNA damage, as well as the 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels in the hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex. Moreover, omega-3 fatty acid treatment totally prevented increased DNA damage in the striatum and hippocampus, and partially prevented in the cerebral cortex, whereas the increase in 8-OHdG levels was totally prevented by omega-3 fatty acid treatment in hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that the main accumulating metabolite in Tyrosinemia type II induce DNA damage in hippocampus, striatum and cerebral cortex, possibly mediated by free radical production, and the supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids was able to prevent this damage, suggesting that could be involved in the prevention of oxidative damage to DNA in this disease. Thus, omega-3 fatty acids supplementation to Tyrosinemia type II patients may represent a new therapeutic approach and a possible adjuvant to the curren t treatment of this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Carvalho-Silva
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lara M Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Joyce Rebelo
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Adriani P Damiani
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Maiara Pereira
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M Andrade
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernanda F Gava
- Laboratório de Sinalização Neural e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratório de Sinalização Neural e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia F Schuck
- Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo C Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Emilio L Streck
- Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil.
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Changizi V, Bahrami M, Esfahani M, Shetab-Boushehri SV. Prevention of γ-Radiation-Induced DNA Damage in Human Lymphocytes Using a Serine-Magnesium Sulfate Mixture. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2017; 17:e162-e167. [PMID: 28690887 PMCID: PMC5488816 DOI: 10.18295/squmj.2016.17.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Ionising radiation has deleterious effects on human cells. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and cysteine, the active metabolite of NAC, are well-known radioprotective agents. Recently, a serine-magnesium sulfate combination was proposed as an antidote for organophosphate toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the use of a serine-magnesium sulfate mixture in the prevention of γ-radiation-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes as compared to NAC and cysteine. METHODS This study was carried out at the Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, between April and September 2016. Citrated blood samples of 7 mL each were taken from 22 healthy subjects. Each sample was divided into 1 mL aliquots, with the first aliquot acting as the control while the second was exposed to 2 Gy of γ-radiation at a dose rate of 102.7 cGy/minute. The remaining aliquots were separately incubated with 600 μM concentrations each of serine, magnesium sulfate, serine-magnesium sulfate, NAC and cysteine before being exposed to 2 Gy of γ-radiation. Lymphocytes were isolated using a separation medium and methyl-thiazole-tetrazolium and comet assays were used to evaluate cell viability and DNA damage, respectively. RESULTS The serine-magnesium sulfate mixture significantly increased lymphocyte viability and reduced DNA damage in comparison to serine, magnesium sulfate, NAC or cysteine alone (P <0.01 each). CONCLUSION The findings of the present study support the use of a serine-magnesium sulfate mixture as a new, non-toxic, potent and efficient radioprotective agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Changizi
- Department of Technology of Radiology & Radiotherapy, Allied Medical Sciences School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mona Bahrami
- Department of Technology of Radiology & Radiotherapy, Allied Medical Sciences School, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahbod Esfahani
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed V. Shetab-Boushehri
- Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, International Campus, Tehran, Iran
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Krzysiek M, Krajewska G, Stępień A, Krajewski P. Retrospective Biological Dosimetry at Low and High Doses of Radiation and Radioiodine Impact on Individual Susceptibility to Ionizing Radiation. Genome Integr 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28250909 PMCID: PMC5320787 DOI: 10.4103/2041-9414.198906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine-131 (I-131) is often used in thyroid diagnostics and therapy. External and internal exposure to radioiodine can lead to molecular and cellular damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of low and high doses of I-131 on susceptibility to ionizing radiation. Study groups consisted of 30 individuals free of thyroid diseases, 41 patients exposed diagnostically to low doses of I-131, and 37 hyperthyroidism patients exposed therapeutically to high doses. The standardized DNA repair competence assay was used to test the efficacy of the fast DNA repair process in G0 cells. Cytogenetic preparations were made in fresh blood samples before and after challenging cells in vitro with X-ray dose. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and percentage of cells with significantly elevated numbers of SCE were used as cytogenetic biomarkers associated to homologous recombination and compared to reported earlier cytogenetic biomarkers of cancer risk. Strong individual variation in the biomarkers is observed in all investigated groups before and after challenging. Nevertheless, the efficiency of post challenging fast repair is significantly high in the patients exposed to diagnostic I-131 doses than in unexposed control group and linked to decreased cytogenetic damage. However, 5 weeks after administration of therapeutic doses, significant increases of unrepaired post challenging DNA and cytogenetic damages were observed indicating a health risk. Results also suggest that the appearance of cancers in immediate families might influence DNA repair differently in patients exposed to low than to high doses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Cebulska-Wasilewska
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
- Central Center for Radiation Emergency, 5 Military Hospital and Public Polyclinic, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Krzysiek
- Department of the Structure of Atomic Nucleus, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Krajewska
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Stępień
- Central Center for Radiation Emergency, 5 Military Hospital and Public Polyclinic, Krakow, Poland
- NZOZ MCD, VOXEL, PET-TK-MR Center, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Zheng X, Chen X, Zhao L, Guo M, Zhong R. Assessment of DNA interstrand crosslinks in NIH/3T3 cells induced by Chloroethylnitrosoureas. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20170801019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
50
|
Yu XP, Wu YM, Liu Y, Tian M, Wang JD, Ding KK, Ma T, Zhou PK. IER5 is involved in DNA Double-Strand Breaks Repair in Association with PAPR1 in Hela Cells. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14:1292-1300. [PMID: 29104487 PMCID: PMC5666564 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.21510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The immediate early response gene 5 (IER5) is a radiation response gene induced in a dose-independent manner, and has been suggested to be a molecular biomarker for biodosimetry purposes upon radiation exposure. Here, we investigated the function of IER5 in DNA damage response and repair. We found that interference on IER5 expression significantly decreased the efficiency of repair of DNA double-strand breaks induced by ionizing radiations in Hela cells. We found that IER5 participates in the non-homologous end-joining pathway of DNA breaks repair. Additionally, we identified a number of potential IER5-interacting proteins through mass spectrometry-based protein assays. The interaction of IER5 protein with poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) and Ku70 was further confirmed by immunoprecipitation assays. We also found that Olaparib, a PARP1 inhibitor, affected the stability of IER5. These results indicate that targeting of IER5 may be a novel DNA damage response-related strategy to use during cervical cancer radiotherapy or chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Ping Yu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Yu-Mei Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Jian-Dong Wang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100006, China
| | - Ku-Ke Ding
- National Institute for Radiological Protection, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing ,100088, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ping-Kun Zhou
- Department of Radiation Toxicology and Oncology, Beijing Key Laboratory for Radiobiology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| |
Collapse
|