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Akasaka H, Sato D, Shihoya W, Nureki O, Kise Y. Cryo-EM structure of I domain-containing integrin αEβ7. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150121. [PMID: 38781659 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The integrin family is a transmembrane receptor that plays critical roles in the cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, signal transduction such as cell cycle regulation, organization of the intracellular cytoskeleton, and immune responses. Consequently, dysfunction of integrins is associated with a wide range of human diseases, including cancer and immune diseases, which makes integrins therapeutic targets for drug discovery. Here we report the cryo-EM structure of the human α-I domain-containing full-length integrin αEβ7, which is expressed in the leukocytes of the immune system and a drug target for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The structure reveals the half-bent conformation, an intermediate between the close and the open conformation, while the α-I domain responsible for the ligand binding covers the headpiece domain by a unique spatial arrangement. Our results provide the structural information for the drug design targeting IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Akasaka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Dan Sato
- Curreio, Inc., Room 357, South Clinical Research Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8485, Japan
| | - Wataru Shihoya
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Osamu Nureki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Curreio, Inc., Room 357, South Clinical Research Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8485, Japan.
| | - Yoshiaki Kise
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan; Curreio, Inc., Room 357, South Clinical Research Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8485, Japan.
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2
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Miyahara A, Umeki A, Sato K, Nomura T, Yamamoto H, Miyasaka T, Tanno D, Matsumoto I, Zong T, Kagesawa T, Oniyama A, Kawamura K, Yuan X, Yokoyama R, Kitai Y, Kanno E, Tanno H, Hara H, Yamasaki S, Saijo S, Iwakura Y, Ishii K, Kawakami K. Innate phase production of IFN-γ by memory and effector T cells expressing early activation marker CD69 during infection with Cryptococcus deneoformans in the lungs. Infect Immun 2024; 92:e0002424. [PMID: 38700335 PMCID: PMC11237684 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00024-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cryptococcus deneoformans is a yeast-type fungus that causes fatal meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and evades phagocytic cell elimination through an escape mechanism. Memory T (Tm) cells play a central role in preventing the reactivation of this fungal pathogen. Among these cells, tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells quickly respond to locally invaded pathogens. This study analyzes the kinetics of effector T (Teff) cells and Tm cells in the lungs after cryptococcal infection. Emphasis is placed on the kinetics and cytokine expression of TRM cells in the early phase of infection. CD4+ Tm cells exhibited a rapid increase by day 3, peaked at day 7, and then either maintained their levels or exhibited a slight decrease until day 56. In contrast, CD8+ Tm cells reached their peak on day 3 and thereafter decreased up to day 56 post-infection. These Tm cells were predominantly composed of CD69+ TRM cells and CD69+ CD103+ TRM cells. Disruption of the CARD9 gene resulted in reduced accumulation of these TRM cells and diminished interferon (IFN) -γ expression in TRM cells. TRM cells were derived from T cells with T cell receptors non-specific to ovalbumin in OT-II mice during cryptococcal infection. In addition, TRM cells exhibited varied behavior in different tissues. These results underscore the importance of T cells, which produce IFN-γ in the lungs during the early stage of infection, in providing early protection against cryptococcal infection through CARD9 signaling.
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Grants
- 18H02851, 21H02965 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- 19K17920, 21K16314 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
- JP19jm0210073, JP20jm0210073, JP21jm0210073 Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)
- ID-014 MSD Life Science Foundation, Public Interest Incorporated Foundation (SD Life Science Foundation)
- 20-02, 21-04 medical mycology research center, chiba university
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Miyahara
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Aya Umeki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ko Sato
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Toshiki Nomura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hideki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tomomitsu Miyasaka
- Center for Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Daiki Tanno
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ikumi Matsumoto
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Tong Zong
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Takafumi Kagesawa
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akiho Oniyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kotone Kawamura
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Xiaoliang Yuan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Rin Yokoyama
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitai
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Emi Kanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tanno
- Department of Translational Science for Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Hiromitsu Hara
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Sho Yamasaki
- Department of Molecular Immunology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shinobu Saijo
- Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiko Ishii
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Kawakami
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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3
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Chan R, Aphivatanasiri C, Poon IK, Tsang JY, Ni Y, Lacambra M, Li J, Lee C, Tse GM. Spatial Distribution and Densities of CD103+ and FoxP3+ Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes by Digital Analysis for Outcome Prediction in Breast Cancer. Oncologist 2024; 29:e299-e308. [PMID: 37491001 PMCID: PMC10911924 DOI: 10.1093/oncolo/oyad199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) for breast cancer prognosis is now established. However, the clinical value for their spatial distributions of specific immune subsets, namely CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells FoxP3+ regulatory T ells, have not been thoroughly examined. METHOD Representative whole sections of breast cancers were subjected to CD103 and FoxP3 double staining. Their density, ratio, and spatial features were analyzed in tumor area and tumor-stromal interface. Their associations with clinicopathological parameters and patient's prognosis were analyzed. RESULTS CD103 TILs were closer to tumor nests than FoxP3 TILs in the tumor-stromal interface. Their densities were associated with high-grade disease, TNBC, and stromal TILs. High stromal FoxP3 (sFoxP3) TILs and close proximity of sCD103 TILs to tumor were independently associated with better survival at multivariate analysis. Subgroup analysis showed the high FoxP3 TILs density associated better survival was seen in HER2-OE and TNBC subtypes while the proximity of CD103 TILs to tumor nests associated better survival was seen in luminal cancers. CONCLUSION The prognostic impact of CD103 and FoxP3 TILs in breast cancer depends on their spatial localization. High sFoxP3 TIL density and the lower distance of CD103 TILs from the tumor nests had independent favorable prognostic values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Chan
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | | | - Ivan K Poon
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Julia Y Tsang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Yunbi Ni
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Maribel Lacambra
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Joshua Li
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Conrad Lee
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
| | - Gary M Tse
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, State Key Laboratory of Translational Oncology, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Ngan Shing Street, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong
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4
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Pham JP, Wark KJL, Woods J, Frew JW. Resident cutaneous memory T cells: a clinical review of their role in chronic inflammatory dermatoses and potential as therapeutic targets. Br J Dermatol 2023; 189:656-663. [PMID: 37603832 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljad303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Resident memory T cells (T-RMs) remain in epithelial barrier tissues after antigen exposure and the initial effector phase. These T-RMs provide effective antimicrobial and anticancer immunity; however, pathogenic T-RMs have been shown to mediate various chronic inflammatory disorders in a variety of tissue types. In the skin, T-RMs are referred to as resident cutaneous memory T cells (cT-RMs). Understanding the mechanisms leading to the development and establishment of these cT-RMs populations may allow for targeted treatments that provide durable responses in chronic immune-mediated skin diseases, even after cessation. In this review, we summarize the evidence on cT-RMs as drivers of chronic inflammatory dermatoses, including psoriasis, vitiligo, atopic dermatitis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus and alopecia areata, among others. Data from in vitro, animal model and ex vivo human studies are presented, with a focus on the potential for cT-RMs to trigger acute disease flares, as well as recurrent disease, by establishing an immune 'memory' in the skin. Furthermore, the available data on the potential for existing and novel treatments to affect the development or survival of cT-RMs in the skin are synthesized. The data suggest a dynamic and rapidly growing area in the field of dermatology; however, we also discuss areas in need of greater research to allow for optimal treatment selection for long-term disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Pham
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Laboratory of Translational Cutaneous Medicine, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirsty J L Wark
- Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - Jane Woods
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
| | - John W Frew
- School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine and Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Dermatology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Laboratory of Translational Cutaneous Medicine, Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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5
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[Advances in the Study of Tissue-resident Memory T Cells in Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2022; 25:862-869. [PMID: 36617472 PMCID: PMC9845087 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2022.102.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in the treatment of lung cancer, but the benefit population is limited and there is a lack of effective predictive markers of efficacy. Tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) reside in tissues and exert anti-tumor effects by expressing the integrins CD103, CD49a or C-type lectin CD69 and immune checkpoint receptors. TRM expressing programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) is enriched with transcriptional products associated with cytotoxicity and enhances T cell (antigen) receptor (TCR)-mediated cytotoxicity. TRM is a promising biomarker for predicting the efficacy and prognosis of immunotherapy in lung cancer patients. This review will describe the progress of TRM research in lung cancer.
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6
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Gao A, Zhao W, Wu R, Su R, Jin R, Luo J, Gao C, Li X, Wang C. Tissue-resident memory T cells: The key frontier in local synovitis memory of rheumatoid arthritis. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102950. [PMID: 36356551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a highly disabling, systemic autoimmune disease. It presents a remarkable tendency to recur, which renders it almost impossible for patients to live without drugs. Under such circumstances, many patients have to suffer the pain of recurrent attacks as well as the side effects of long-term medication. Current therapies for RA are primarily systemic treatments without targeting the problem that RA is more likely to recur locally. Emerging studies suggest the existence of a mechanism mediating local memory during RA, which is closely related to the persistent residence of tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM). TRM, one of the memory T cell subsets, reside in tissues providing immediate immune protection but driving recurrent local inflammation on the other hand. The heterogeneity among synovial TRM is unclear, with the dominated CD8+ TRM observed in inflamed synovium of RA patients coming into focus. Besides local arthritis relapse, TRM may also contribute to extra-articular organ involvement in RA due to their migration potential. Future integration of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) with spatial transcriptomics to explore the gene expression patterns of TRM in both temporal dimension and spatial dimension may help us identify specific therapeutic targets. Targeting synovial TRM to suppress local arthritis flares while using systemic therapies to prevent extra-articular organ involvement may provide a new perspective to address RA recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Gao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Wenpeng Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruihe Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruqing Jin
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Jing Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Chong Gao
- Pathology, Joint Program in Transfusion Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; Shanxi Key Laboratory for Immunomicroecology, Shanxi, China.
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7
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Hoffmann JC, Schön MP. Integrin α E(CD103)β 7 in Epithelial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6211. [PMID: 34944831 PMCID: PMC8699740 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Interactions of both the innate and the adaptive immune system with tumors are complex and often influence courses and therapeutic treatments in unanticipated ways. Based on the concept that CD8+T cells can mediate important antitumor effects, several therapies now aim to amplify their specific activity. A subpopulation of CD8+ tissue-resident T lymphocytes that express the αE(CD103)β7 integrin has raised particular interest. This receptor presumably contributes to the recruitment and retention of tumor-infiltrating immune cells through interaction with its ligand, E-cadherin. It appears to have regulatory functions and is thought to be a component of some immunological synapses. In TGF-rich environments, the αE(CD103)β7/E-cadherin-interaction enhances the binding strength between tumor cells and infiltrating T lymphocytes. This activity facilitates the release of lytic granule contents and cytokines as well as further immune responses and the killing of target cells. Expression of αE(CD103)β7 in some tumors is associated with a rather favorable prognosis, perhaps with the notable exception of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Although epithelial skin tumors are by far the most common tumors of fair-skinned people, there have been very few studies on the distribution of αE(CD103)β7 expressing cells in these neoplasms. Given this background, we describe here that αE(CD103)β7 is scarcely present in basal cell carcinomas, but much more abundant in squamous cell carcinomas with heterogeneous distribution. Notwithstanding a substantial number of studies, the role of αE(CD103)β7 in the tumor context is still far from clear. Here, we summarize the essential current knowledge on αE(CD103)β7 and outline that it is worthwhile to further explore this intriguing receptor with regard to the pathophysiology, therapy, and prognosis of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna C. Hoffmann
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
| | - Michael P. Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany;
- Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
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8
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Wu B, Zhang G, Guo Z, Wang G, Xu X, Li JL, Whitmire JK, Zheng J, Wan YY. The SKI proto-oncogene restrains the resident CD103 +CD8 + T cell response in viral clearance. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:2410-2421. [PMID: 32612153 PMCID: PMC8484360 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-0495-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute viral infection causes illness and death. In addition, an infection often results in increased susceptibility to a secondary infection, but the mechanisms behind this susceptibility are poorly understood. Since its initial identification as a marker for resident memory CD8+ T cells in barrier tissues, the function and regulation of CD103 integrin (encoded by ITGAE gene) have been extensively investigated. Nonetheless, the function and regulation of the resident CD103+CD8+ T cell response to acute viral infection remain unclear. Although TGFβ signaling is essential for CD103 expression, the precise molecular mechanism behind this regulation is elusive. Here, we reveal a TGFβ-SKI-Smad4 pathway that critically and specifically directs resident CD103+CD8+ T cell generation for protective immunity against primary and secondary viral infection. We found that resident CD103+CD8+ T cells are abundant in both lymphoid and nonlymphoid tissues from uninfected mice. CD103 acts as a costimulation signal to produce an optimal antigenic CD8+ T cell response to acute viral infection. There is a reduction in resident CD103+CD8+ T cells following primary infection that results in increased susceptibility of the host to secondary infection. Intriguingly, CD103 expression inversely and specifically correlates with SKI proto-oncogene (SKI) expression but not R-Smad2/3 activation. Ectopic expression of SKI restricts CD103 expression in CD8+ T cells in vitro and in vivo to hamper viral clearance. Mechanistically, SKI is recruited to the Itgae loci to directly suppress CD103 transcription by regulating histone acetylation in a Smad4-dependent manner. Our study therefore reveals that resident CD103+CD8+ T cells dictate protective immunity during primary and secondary infection. Interfering with SKI function may amplify the resident CD103+CD8+ T cell response to promote protective immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Ge Zhang
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.411971.b0000 0000 9558 1426Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044 China
| | - Zengli Guo
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Gang Wang
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002 China
| | - Xiaojiang Xu
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Chapel Hill, NC 27709 USA
| | - Jian-liang Li
- grid.280664.e0000 0001 2110 5790Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Chapel Hill, NC 27709 USA
| | - Jason K. Whitmire
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
| | - Junnian Zheng
- grid.417303.20000 0000 9927 0537Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221002 China
| | - Yisong Y. Wan
- grid.10698.360000000122483208Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA ,grid.10698.360000000122483208Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA
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9
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Integrin αEβ7 + T cells direct intestinal stem cell fate decisions via adhesion signaling. Cell Res 2021; 31:1291-1307. [PMID: 34518654 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-021-00561-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal stem cell (ISC) differentiation is regulated precisely by a niche in the crypt, where lymphocytes may interact with stem and transient amplifying (TA) cells. However, whether and how lymphocyte-stem/TA cell contact affects ISC differentiation is largely unknown. Here, we uncover a novel role of T cell-stem/TA cell contact in ISC fate decisions. We show that intestinal lymphocyte depletion results in skewed ISC differentiation in mice, which can be rescued by T cell transfer. Mechanistically, integrin αEβ7 expressed on T cells binds to E-cadherin on ISCs and TA cells, triggering E-cadherin endocytosis and the consequent Wnt and Notch signaling alterations. Blocking αEβ7-E-cadherin adhesion suppresses Wnt signaling and promotes Notch signaling in ISCs and TA cells, leading to defective ISC differentiation. Thus, αEβ7+ T cells regulate ISC differentiation at single-cell level through cell-cell contact-mediated αEβ7-E-cadherin adhesion signaling, highlighting a critical role of the T cell-stem/TA cell contact in maintaining intestinal homeostasis.
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10
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Shah F, Patel S, Begum R, Dwivedi M. Emerging role of Tissue Resident Memory T cells in vitiligo: From pathogenesis to therapeutics. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102868. [PMID: 34118458 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an acquired depigmenting disorder which affects both skin and mucous membranes and autoimmunity has been strongly suggested to play a role in loss of melanocytes. The recurrence of skin macules at the same sites where they were observed prior to the treatment, suggests the existence of Tissue Resident Memory T cells (TRMs) that persist within the skin or peripheral tissues with a longer survivability. Emerging studies have shown that reactivation of these skin TRMs results into autoreactive TRM cells in various autoimmune diseases including vitiligo. This review focuses on different subsets (CD8+ TRMs and CD4+ TRMs) of TRM cells, their retention and survivability in the skin along with their pathomechanisms leading to melanocyte death and progression of vitiligo. In addition, the review describes the TRM cells as potential targets for developing effective therapeutics of vitiligo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdosh Shah
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India
| | - Shivani Patel
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India
| | - Rasheedunnisa Begum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara 390 002, Gujarat, India
| | - Mitesh Dwivedi
- C. G. Bhakta Institute of Biotechnology, Uka Tarsadia University, Tarsadi, Surat 394350, Gujarat, India.
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11
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Banchereau R, Chitre AS, Scherl A, Wu TD, Patil NS, de Almeida P, Kadel Iii EE, Madireddi S, Au-Yeung A, Takahashi C, Chen YJ, Modrusan Z, McBride J, Nersesian R, El-Gabry EA, Robida MD, Hung JC, Kowanetz M, Zou W, McCleland M, Caplazi P, Eshgi ST, Koeppen H, Hegde PS, Mellman I, Mathews WR, Powles T, Mariathasan S, Grogan J, O'Gorman WE. Intratumoral CD103+ CD8+ T cells predict response to PD-L1 blockade. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2020-002231. [PMID: 33827905 PMCID: PMC8032254 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-002231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8+ tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells, marked by CD103 (ITGAE) expression, are thought to actively suppress cancer progression, leading to the hypothesis that their presence in tumors may predict response to immunotherapy. METHODS Here, we test this by combining high-dimensional single-cell modalities with bulk tumor transcriptomics from 1868 patients enrolled in lung and bladder cancer clinical trials of atezolizumab (anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)). RESULTS ITGAE was identified as the most significantly upregulated gene in inflamed tumors. Tumor CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells exhibited a complex phenotype defined by the expression of checkpoint regulators, cytotoxic proteins, and increased clonal expansion. CONCLUSIONS Our analyses indeed demonstrate that the presence of CD103+ CD8+ TRM cells, quantified by tracking intratumoral CD103 expression, can predict treatment outcome, suggesting that patients who respond to PD-1/PD-L1 blockade are those who exhibit an ongoing antitumor T-cell response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Banchereau
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Avantika S Chitre
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alexis Scherl
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas D Wu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Namrata S Patil
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patricia de Almeida
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Adaptive Biotechnologies Corp South San Francisco, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Edward E Kadel Iii
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shravan Madireddi
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amelia Au-Yeung
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Chikara Takahashi
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Ying-Jiun Chen
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Analytical Biosciences Limited, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zora Modrusan
- Department of Microchemistry, Proteomics, Lipidomics, and Next Generation Sequencing, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jacqueline McBride
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Rhea Nersesian
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | | | - Jeffrey C Hung
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Marcin Kowanetz
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA.,Bolt Biotherapeutics, Redwood City, California, USA
| | - Wei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics Oncology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Mark McCleland
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Patrick Caplazi
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Shadi Toghi Eshgi
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hartmut Koeppen
- Department of Research Pathology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Ira Mellman
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - W Rodney Mathews
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Thomas Powles
- Barts Cancer Center, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Sanjeev Mariathasan
- Department of Oncology Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Jane Grogan
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - William E O'Gorman
- Department of OMNI Biomarker Development, Genentech Inc, South San Francisco, California, USA
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12
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Qian Y, Zhu Y, Li Y, Li B. Legend of the Sentinels: Development of Lung Resident Memory T Cells and Their Roles in Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 11:624411. [PMID: 33603755 PMCID: PMC7884312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.624411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is wreaking havoc around the world. To get the world back on track, hundreds of vaccines are under development. A deeper understanding of how the immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2 re-infection will certainly help. Studies have highlighted various aspects of T cell response in resolving acute infection and preventing re-infections. Lung resident memory T (TRM) cells are sentinels in the secondary immune response. They are mostly differentiated from effector T cells, construct specific niches and stay permanently in lung tissues. If the infection recurs, locally activated lung TRM cells can elicit rapid immune response against invading pathogens. In addition, they can significantly limit tumor growth or lead to pathologic immune responses. Vaccines targeting TRM cells are under development, with the hope to induce stable and highly reactive lung TRM cells through mucosal administration or "prime-and-pull" strategy. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in lung TRM cell generation and maintenance, explore their roles in different diseases and discuss how these cells may guide the development of future vaccines targeting infectious disease, cancer, and pathologic immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yangyang Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhao Y, Yang Q, Jin C, Feng Y, Xie S, Xie H, Qi Y, Qiu H, Chen H, Tao A, Mu J, Qin W, Huang J. Changes of CD103-expressing pulmonary CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in S. japonicum infected C57BL/6 mice. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:999. [PMID: 31775660 PMCID: PMC6880605 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4633-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that CD103 is an important marker for tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) which plays an important role in anti-infection. However, the role of CD103+ TRM was not elucidated in the progress of S. japonicum infection induced disease. METHODS 6-8 weeks old C57BL/6 mice were infected by S. japonicum. Mice were sacrificed and the lungs were removed 5-6 weeks after infection. Immunofluorescent staining and Q-PCR were performed to identify the expression of CD103 molecule. Single cellular populations were made, percentages of CD103 on both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes were dynamical observed by flow cytometry (FCM). Moreover, the expression of memory T cells related molecules CD69 and CD62L, T cell function associated molecules CD107a, IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-9, and IL-10 were compared between CD103+ CD4+ and CD8+ T cells by FCM. RESULTS CD103+ cells were emerged in the lung of both naive and S. japonicum infected mice. Both the percentage and the absolute numbers of pulmonary CD4+ and CD8+ cells were increased after S. japonicum infection (P < 0.05). The percentage of CD103+ cells in CD8+ T cells decreased significantly at the early stage of S. japonicum infection (P < 0.05). Increased CD69, decreased CD62L and CD107a expressions were detected on both CD4+ and CD8+ CD103+ T cells in the lungs of infected mice (P < 0.05). Compared to CD8+ CD103+ T cells, CD4+ CD103+ T cells from infected mice expressed higher level of CD69 and lower level CD62L molecules (P < 0.05). Moreover, higher percentage of IL-4+, IL-9+ and IL-10+ cells on CD4+ CD103+ pulmonary T cells was found in infected mice (P < 0.05). Significantly increased IL-4 and IL-9, and decreased IFN-γ expressing cells were detected in CD8+CD103+ cells of infected mice (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS CD103-expressing pulmonary CD4+ and CD8+ T cells play important roles in mediating S. japonicum infection induced granulomatous inflammation in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Quan Yang
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Chenxi Jin
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yuanfa Feng
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Shihao Xie
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hongyan Xie
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Yanwei Qi
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Huaina Qiu
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Hongyuan Chen
- Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ailin Tao
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Jianbing Mu
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wenjuan Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Sino-French Hoffmann Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Allergy & Clinical Immunology, The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China.
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14
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Di Vito C, Mikulak J, Mavilio D. On the Way to Become a Natural Killer Cell. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1812. [PMID: 31428098 PMCID: PMC6688484 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes playing pivotal roles in host defense and immune-surveillance. The homeostatic modulation of germ-line encoded/non-rearranged activating and inhibitory NK cell receptors (NKRs) determines the capability of these innate lymphocytes to either spare "self" cells or to kill viral-infected, tumor-transformed and heterologous cell targets. However, despite being discovered more than 40 years ago, several aspects of NK cell biology remain unknown or are still being debated. In particular, our knowledge of human NK cell ontogenesis and differentiation is still in its infancy as the majority of our experimental evidence on this topic mainly comes from findings obtained in vitro or with animal models in vivo. Although both the generation and the maintenance of human NK cells are sustained by hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), the precise site(s) of NK cell development are still poorly defined. Indeed, HSCs and hematopoietic precursors are localized in different anatomical compartments that also change their ontogenic commitments before and after birth as well as in aging. Currently, the main site of NK cell generation and maturation in adulthood is considered the bone marrow, where their interactions with stromal cells, cytokines, growth factors, and other soluble molecules support and drive maturation. Different sequential stages of NK cell development have been identified on the basis of the differential expression of specific markers and NKRs as well as on the acquisition of specific effector-functions. All these phenotypic and functional features are key in inducing and regulating homing, activation and tissue-residency of NK cells in different human anatomic sites, where different homeostatic mechanisms ensure a perfect balance between immune tolerance and immune-surveillance. The present review summarizes our current knowledge on human NK cell ontogenesis and on the related pathways orchestrating a proper maturation, functions, and distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Di Vito
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy
| | - Joanna Mikulak
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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15
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Watanabe R. Protective and pathogenic roles of resident memory T cells in human skin disorders. J Dermatol Sci 2019; 95:2-7. [PMID: 31272851 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The human skin is populated by recirculating T cells and skin-sessile resident memory T cells (TRM). Skin TRM are constructed during immune responses against antigens that the host immune system encounters in the skin. TRM persist in the same sites for a long time and play important protective roles in skin immune responses in collaboration with other skin-composing cells such as dendritic cells and keratinocytes. These TRM with strong effector functions possibly also engender skin inflammatory disorders. Since human skin T cells, especially TRM, are phenotypically distinct from T cells in the blood circulation, T cells residing in the skin should be directly investigated, without presuming from the activities of blood T cells, in order to understand the functional characteristics of skin T cells in skin disorders. This review summarizes the features of human skin TRM and reviews the immunopathological involvement of TRM in human skin disorders such as infectious disease, inflammatory skin disease, and malignant skin tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
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16
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Slavyanskaya TA, Salnikova SV. Precision oncology: myth or reality? BULLETIN OF RUSSIAN STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.24075/brsmu.2019.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cancer incidence rates are growing at an alarming pace pressing for the development of innovative personalized approaches to treating this disease. The absence of clinical symptoms in the early stages delays the onset of adequate treatment. Traditional therapies are not always as effective as they should be and do not guarantee long-lasting relapse-free survival. Metastatic cancers pose a particular challenge to healthcare professionals. This review touches upon the immunologic mechanisms underlying the development of malignancies, talks about conventional and innovative therapeutic modalities, such as targeted, gene or specific immunotherapies, and analyzes the literature on the use of different approaches that form a basis for precision oncology.
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17
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Li SX, Sen S, Schneider JM, Xiong KN, Nusbacher NM, Moreno-Huizar N, Shaffer M, Armstrong AJS, Severs E, Kuhn K, Neff CP, McCarter M, Campbell T, Lozupone CA, Palmer BE. Gut microbiota from high-risk men who have sex with men drive immune activation in gnotobiotic mice and in vitro HIV infection. PLoS Pathog 2019; 15:e1007611. [PMID: 30947289 PMCID: PMC6448819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1007611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) have differences in immune activation and gut microbiome composition compared with men who have sex with women (MSW), even in the absence of HIV infection. Gut microbiome differences associated with HIV itself when controlling for MSM, as assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing, are relatively subtle. Understanding whether gut microbiome composition impacts immune activation in HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM has important implications since immune activation has been associated with HIV acquisition risk and disease progression. To investigate the effects of MSM and HIV-associated gut microbiota on immune activation, we transplanted feces from HIV-negative MSW, HIV-negative MSM, and HIV-positive untreated MSM to gnotobiotic mice. Following transplant, 16S rRNA gene sequencing determined that the microbiomes of MSM and MSW maintained distinct compositions in mice and that specific microbial differences between MSM and MSW were replicated. Immunologically, HIV-negative MSM donors had higher frequencies of blood CD38+ HLADR+ and CD103+ T cells and their fecal recipients had higher frequencies of gut CD69+ and CD103+ T cells, compared with HIV-negative MSW donors and recipients, respectively. Significant microbiome differences were not detected between HIV-negative and HIV-positive MSM in this small donor cohort, and immune differences between their recipients were trending but not statistically significant. A larger donor cohort may therefore be needed to detect immune-modulating microbes associated with HIV. To investigate whether our findings in mice could have implications for HIV replication, we infected primary human lamina propria cells stimulated with isolated fecal microbiota, and found that microbiota from MSM stimulated higher frequencies of HIV-infected cells than microbiota from MSW. Finally, we identified several microbes that correlated with immune readouts in both fecal recipients and donors, and with in vitro HIV infection, which suggests a role for gut microbiota in immune activation and potentially HIV acquisition in MSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam X. Li
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sharon Sen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Jennifer M. Schneider
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Ka-Na Xiong
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nichole M. Nusbacher
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Nancy Moreno-Huizar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Michael Shaffer
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Abigail J. S. Armstrong
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Erin Severs
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Kristine Kuhn
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Charles P. Neff
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Martin McCarter
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Thomas Campbell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Catherine A. Lozupone
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Brent E. Palmer
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
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18
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Sagebiel AF, Steinert F, Lunemann S, Körner C, Schreurs RRCE, Altfeld M, Perez D, Reinshagen K, Bunders MJ. Tissue-resident Eomes + NK cells are the major innate lymphoid cell population in human infant intestine. Nat Commun 2019; 10:975. [PMID: 30816112 PMCID: PMC6395753 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-08267-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILC), including natural killer (NK) cells, are implicated in host-defense and tissue-growth. However, the composition and kinetics of NK cells in the intestine during the first year of life, when infants are first broadly exposed to exogenous antigens, are still unclear. Here we show that CD103+ NK cells are the major ILC population in the small intestines of infants. When compared to adult intestinal NK cells, infant intestinal NK cells exhibit a robust effector phenotype, characterized by Eomes, perforin and granzyme B expression, and superior degranulation capacity. Absolute intestinal NK cell numbers decrease gradually during the first year of life, coinciding with an influx of intestinal Eomes+ T cells; by contrast, epithelial NKp44+CD69+ NK cells with less cytotoxic capacity persist in adults. In conclusion, NK cells are abundant in infant intestines, where they can provide effector functions while Eomes+ T cell responses mature. Innate lymphoid cells (ILC), including natural killer (NK) cells, are important innate immune regulators. Here the authors show that, in human infant intestines, CD103+Eomes+ NK cells are the predominant ILC population, but are replaced gradually by Eomes+ T cells, while NKp44+ NK cells persist in adult intestines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian F Sagebiel
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Fenja Steinert
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lunemann
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Körner
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Renée R C E Schreurs
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marcus Altfeld
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Perez
- Department of General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Madeleine J Bunders
- Department of Virus Immunology, Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, 20251, Hamburg, Germany. .,Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam Infection & Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Pediatrics, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Swain S, Roe MM, Sebrell TA, Sidar B, Dankoff J, VanAusdol R, Smythies LE, Smith PD, Bimczok D. CD103 (αE Integrin) Undergoes Endosomal Trafficking in Human Dendritic Cells, but Does Not Mediate Epithelial Adhesion. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2989. [PMID: 30622531 PMCID: PMC6308147 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) expression of CD103, the α subunit of αEβ7 integrin, is thought to enable DC interactions with E-cadherin-expressing gastrointestinal epithelia for improved mucosal immunosurveillance. In the stomach, efficient DC surveillance of the epithelial barrier is crucial for the induction of immune responses to H. pylori, the causative agent of peptic ulcers and gastric cancer. However, gastric DCs express only low levels of surface CD103, as we previously showed. We here tested the hypothesis that intracellular pools of CD103 in human gastric DCs can be redistributed to the cell surface for engagement of epithelial cell-expressed E-cadherin to promote DC-epithelial cell adhesion. In support of our hypothesis, immunofluorescence analysis of tissue sections showed that CD103+ gastric DCs were preferentially localized within the gastric epithelial layer. Flow cytometry and imaging cytometry revealed that human gastric DCs expressed intracellular CD103, corroborating our previous findings in monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs). Using confocal microscopy, we show that CD103 was present in endosomal compartments, where CD103 partially co-localized with clathrin, early endosome antigen-1 and Rab11, suggesting that CD103 undergoes endosomal trafficking similar to β1 integrins. Dynamic expression of CD103 on human MoDCs was confirmed by internalization assay. To analyze whether DC-expressed CD103 promotes adhesion to E-cadherin, we performed adhesion and spreading assays on E-cadherin-coated glass slides. In MoDCs generated in the presence of retinoic acid, which express increased CD103, intracellular CD103 significantly redistributed toward the E-cadherin-coated glass surface. However, DCs spreading and adhesion did not differ between E-cadherin-coated slides and slides coated with serum alone. In adhesion assays using E-cadherin-positive HT-29 cells, DC binding was significantly improved by addition of Mn2+ and decreased in the presence of EGTA, consistent with the dependence of integrin-based interactions on divalent cations. However, retinoic acid failed to increase DC adhesion, and a CD103 neutralizing antibody was unable to inhibit DC binding to the E-cadherin positive cells. In contrast, a blocking antibody to DC-expressed E-cadherin significantly reduced DC binding to the epithelium. Overall, these data indicate that CD103 engages in DC-epithelial cell interactions upon contact with epithelial E-cadherin, but is not a major driver of DC adhesion to gastrointestinal epithelia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Swain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Mandi M. Roe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Thomas A. Sebrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Barkan Sidar
- Chemical and Biological Engineering Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Jennifer Dankoff
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Rachel VanAusdol
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Lesley E. Smythies
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Phillip D. Smith
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
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20
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Birrueta G, Tripple V, Pham J, Manohar M, James EA, Kwok WW, Nadeau KC, Sette A, Peters B, Schulten V. Peanut-specific T cell responses in patients with different clinical reactivity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204620. [PMID: 30304054 PMCID: PMC6179248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Whole extract or allergen-specific IgE testing has become increasingly popular in the diagnosis of peanut allergy. However, much less is known about T cell responses in peanut allergy and how it relates to different clinical phenotypes. CD4+ T cells play a major role in the pathophysiology of peanut allergy as well as tolerance induction during oral desensitization regimens. We set out to characterize and phenotype the T cell responses and their targets in peanut sensitized patients. Using PBMC from peanut-allergic and non-allergic patients, we mapped T cell epitopes for three major peanut allergens, Ara h 1, 2 and 3 (27 from Ara h 1, 4 from Ara h 2 and 43 from Ara h 3) associated with release of IFNγ (representative Th1 cytokine) and IL5 (representative Th2 cytokine). A pool containing 19 immunodominant peptides, selected to account for 60% of the total Ara h 1-3-specific T cell response in allergics, but only 20% in non-allergics, was shown to discriminate T cell responses in peanut-sensitized, symptomatic vs non-symptomatic individuals more effectively than peanut extract. This pool elicited positive T cell responses above a defined threshold in 12/15 sensitized, symptomatic patients, whereas in the sensitized but non-symptomatic cohort only, 4/14 reacted. The reactivity against this peptide pool in symptomatic patients was dominated by IL-10, IL-17 and to a lesser extend IL-5. For four distinct epitopes, HLA class II restrictions were determined, enabling production of tetrameric reagents. Tetramer staining in four donors (2 symptomatic, 2 non-symptomatic) revealed a trend for increased numbers of peanut epitope-specific T cells in symptomatic patients compared to non-symptomatic patients, which was associated with elevated CRTh2 expression whereas cells from non-symptomatic patients exhibited higher levels of Integrin β7 expression. Our results demonstrate differences in T cell response magnitude, epitope specificity and phenotype between symptomatic and non-symptomatic peanut-sensitized patients. In addition to IgE reactivity, analysis of peanut-specific T cells may be useful to improve our understanding of different clinical manifestations in peanut allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Birrueta
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Victoria Tripple
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - John Pham
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Monali Manohar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Eddie A. James
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - William W. Kwok
- Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Kari C. Nadeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States of America
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Bjoern Peters
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - Véronique Schulten
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy & Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Milner JJ, Goldrath AW. Transcriptional programming of tissue-resident memory CD8 + T cells. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 51:162-169. [PMID: 29621697 PMCID: PMC5943164 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tissue-resident memory CD8+ T cells (TRM) are localized in non-lymphoid tissues throughout the body where they mediate long-lived protective immunity at common sites of pathogen exposure. As the signals controlling TRM differentiation are uncovered, it is becoming apparent that the dynamic activities of numerous transcription factors are intricately involved in TRM formation. Here, we highlight known transcriptional regulators of TRM differentiation and discuss how understanding the transcriptional programming of CD8+ T cell residency in non-lymphoid tissues can be leveraged to prevent or treat disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Justin Milner
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ananda W Goldrath
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, CA, USA.
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22
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Knight DA, Hansbro PM. Restricted access or access all areas? a new cadherin-like protein upregulated in the inflamed esophagus. Mucosal Immunol 2018; 11:1-2. [PMID: 29259340 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2017.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D A Knight
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | - P M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.,Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Calenda G, Keawvichit R, Arrode-Brusés G, Pattanapanyasat K, Frank I, Byrareddy SN, Arthos J, Cicala C, Grasperge B, Blanchard JL, Gettie A, Reimann KA, Ansari AA, Martinelli E. Integrin α 4β 7 Blockade Preferentially Impacts CCR6 + Lymphocyte Subsets in Blood and Mucosal Tissues of Naive Rhesus Macaques. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:810-820. [PMID: 29196458 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Infusion of a simianized anti-α4β7 mAb (Rh-α4β7) just before and following SIV infection protected rhesus macaques from developing AIDS and partially from vaginal SIV acquisition. Recently, short-term treatment with Rh-α4β7 in combination with cART was found to lead to prolonged viral suppression after withdrawal of all therapeutic interventions. The humanized form of Rh-α4β7, vedolizumab, is a highly effective treatment for inflammatory bowel disease. To clarify the mechanism of action of Rh-α4β7, naive macaques were infused with Rh-α4β7 and sampled in blood and tissues before and after treatment to monitor several immune cell subsets. In blood, Rh-α4β7 increased the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts, but not B cell counts, and preferentially increased CCR6+ subsets while decreasing CD103+ and CD69+ lymphocytes. In mucosal tissues, surprisingly, Rh-α4β7 did not impact integrin α4+ cells, but decreased the frequencies of CCR6+ and CD69+ CD4+ T cells and, in the gut, Rh-α4β7 transiently decreased the frequency of memory and IgA+ B cells. In summary, even in the absence of inflammation, Rh-α4β7 impacted selected immune cell subsets in different tissues. These data provide new insights into the mechanisms by which Rh-α4β7 may mediate its effect in SIV-infected macaques with implications for understanding the effect of treatment with vedolizumab in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Calenda
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY 10065
| | - Rassamon Keawvichit
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | | | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Ines Frank
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY 10065
| | - Siddappa N Byrareddy
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neurosciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - James Arthos
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Claudia Cicala
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Brooke Grasperge
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - James L Blanchard
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University, Covington, LA 70433
| | - Agegnehu Gettie
- Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10016; and
| | - Keith A Reimann
- MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA 02126
| | - Aftab A Ansari
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322;
| | - Elena Martinelli
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, NY 10065;
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24
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Khan S, Telwatte S, Trapecar M, Yukl S, Sanjabi S. Differentiating Immune Cell Targets in Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue for HIV Cure. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33:S40-S58. [PMID: 28882067 PMCID: PMC5685216 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2017.0153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The single greatest challenge to an HIV cure is the persistence of latently infected cells containing inducible, replication-competent proviral genomes, which constitute only a small fraction of total or infected cells in the body. Although resting CD4+ T cells in the blood are a well-known source of viral rebound, more than 90% of the body's lymphocytes reside elsewhere. Many are in gut tissue, where HIV DNA levels per million CD4+ T cells are considerably higher than in the blood. Despite the significant contribution of gut tissue to viral replication and persistence, little is known about the cell types that support persistence of HIV in the gut; importantly, T cells in the gut have phenotypic, functional, and survival properties that are distinct from T cells in other tissues. The mechanisms by which latency is established and maintained will likely depend on the location and cytokine milieu surrounding the latently infected cells in each compartment. Therefore, successful HIV cure strategies require identification and characterization of the exact cell types that support viral persistence, particularly in the gut. In this review, we describe the seeding of the latent HIV reservoir in the gut mucosa; highlight the evidence for compartmentalization and depletion of T cells; summarize the immunologic consequences of HIV infection within the gut milieu; propose how the damaged gut environment may promote the latent HIV reservoir; and explore several immune cell targets in the gut and their place on the path toward HIV cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzada Khan
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California
| | - Sushama Telwatte
- San Francisco VA Health Care System and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Martin Trapecar
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California
| | - Steven Yukl
- San Francisco VA Health Care System and University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California
| | - Shomyseh Sanjabi
- Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, California
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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25
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Lu J, Zhang C, Li L, Xue W, Zhang C, Zhang X. Unique Features of Pancreatic-Resident Regulatory T Cells in Autoimmune Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1235. [PMID: 29033948 PMCID: PMC5626883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent progress in regulatory T cells (Tregs) biology emphasizes the importance of understanding tissue-resident Tregs in response to tissue-specific environment. Now, emerging evidence suggests that pancreatic-resident forkhead box P3+ Tregs have distinguishable effects on the suppression of over-exuberant immune responses in autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D). Thus, there is growing interest in elucidating the role of pancreatic-resident Tregs that function and evolve in the local environment. In this review, we discuss the phenotype and function of Tregs residing in pancreatic tissues and pancreatic lymph nodes, with emphasis on the unique subpopulations of Tregs that control the disease progression in the context of T1D. Specifically, we discuss known and possible modulators that influence the survival, migration, and maintenance of pancreatic Tregs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingli Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chaoqi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lifeng Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Biotherapy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenhua Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Tongji Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaojian Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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26
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Hardenberg JHB, Braun A, Schön MP. A Yin and Yang in Epithelial Immunology: The Roles of the α E(CD103)β 7 Integrin in T Cells. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 138:23-31. [PMID: 28941625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The proper function(s) of cell-surface receptors is crucial for the regulation of adaptive immune responses. One such receptor is the αE(CD103)β7 integrin, whose history in science is closely linked with the evolution of our knowledge of immune regulation. Initially described as a marker of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes, this leukocyte integrin is now seen as a dynamically regulated receptor involved in the functional differentiation of some cytotoxic T cells as well as regulatory T cells, thus presumably contributing to the fine-tuning of immune reactions in epithelial compartments. In this brief overview, we delineate our current view on αE(CD103)β7 in T-cell-mediated immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Hendrik B Hardenberg
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Braun
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Lower Saxony Institute of Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center Göttingen and University of Osnabrück, Germany.
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27
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Posavad CM, Zhao L, Dong L, Jin L, Stevens CE, Magaret AS, Johnston C, Wald A, Zhu J, Corey L, Koelle DM. Enrichment of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) reactive mucosal T cells in the human female genital tract. Mucosal Immunol 2017; 10:1259-1269. [PMID: 28051084 PMCID: PMC5496807 DOI: 10.1038/mi.2016.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Local mucosal cellular immunity is critical in providing protection from HSV-2. To characterize and quantify HSV-2-reactive mucosal T cells, lymphocytes were isolated from endocervical cytobrush and biopsy specimens from 17 HSV-2-infected women and examined ex vivo for the expression of markers associated with maturation and tissue residency and for functional T-cell responses to HSV-2. Compared with their circulating counterparts, cervix-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were predominantly effector memory T cells (CCR7-/CD45RA-) and the majority expressed CD69, a marker of tissue residency. Co-expression of CD103, another marker of tissue residency, was highest on cervix-derived CD8+ T cells. Functional HSV-2 reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell responses were detected in cervical samples and a median of 17% co-expressed CD103. HSV-2-reactive CD4+ T cells co-expressed IL-2 and were significantly enriched in the cervix compared with blood. This first direct ex vivo documentation of local enrichment of HSV-2-reactive T cells in the human female genital mucosa is consistent with the presence of antigen-specific tissue-resident memory T cells. Ex vivo analysis of these T cells may uncover tissue-specific mechanisms of local control of HSV-2 to assist the development of vaccine strategies that target protective T cells to sites of HSV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Posavad
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lichun Dong
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lei Jin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | | | - Amalia S. Magaret
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Christine Johnston
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Anna Wald
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Jia Zhu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - Lawrence Corey
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA
| | - David M. Koelle
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA,Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA,Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA
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28
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Björkström NK, Ljunggren HG, Michaëlsson J. Emerging insights into natural killer cells in human peripheral tissues. Nat Rev Immunol 2017; 16:310-20. [PMID: 27121652 DOI: 10.1038/nri.2016.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have long been considered to be a homogenous population of innate lymphocytes with limited phenotypic and functional diversity. However, recent findings have revealed that these cells comprise a large number of distinct populations with diverse characteristics. Some of these characteristics may relate to their developmental origin, and others represent differences in differentiation that are influenced by factors such as tissue localization and imprints by viral infections. In this Review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the emerging knowledge about the development, differentiation and function of human NK cell populations, with a particular focus on NK cells in peripheral tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas K Björkström
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hans-Gustaf Ljunggren
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jakob Michaëlsson
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden
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29
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Das V, Kalyan G, Hazra S, Pal M. Understanding the role of structural integrity and differential expression of integrin profiling to identify potential therapeutic targets in breast cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:168-185. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Das
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
| | - Gazal Kalyan
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Saugata Hazra
- Department of BiotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IITR)RoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
- Centre for NanotechnologyIndian Institute of Technology RoorkeeRoorkeeUttarakhandIndia
| | - Mintu Pal
- Biological Sciences and Technology DivisionCSIR‐North East Institute of Science and TechnologyJorhat, AssamIndia
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30
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Smids C, Horjus Talabur Horje CS, van Wijk F, van Lochem EG. The Complexity of alpha E beta 7 Blockade in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Crohns Colitis 2017; 11:500-508. [PMID: 27660340 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjw163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies targeting integrins are emerging as new treatment option in inflammatory bowel diseases. Integrins are molecules involved in cell adhesion and signalling. After the successful introduction of anti-α4β7, currently anti-β7 is under evaluation in a phase three trial. Anti-β7 blocks both α4β7/MAdCAM-1 and αEβ7/E-cadherin interaction, targeting both the homing to and the retention in the gut of potential pathological T cells. Since the physiological and potential pathological roles of immune cells expressing αEβ7 are less distinct than of those expressing α4β7, an overview of the current state of knowledge on αEβ7 in mice and humans in both health and inflammatory bowel diseases is presented here, also addressing the potential consequences of anti-β7 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolijn Smids
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
| | | | - Femke van Wijk
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen G van Lochem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
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31
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Abstract
Recent researches are revealing the importance of a new subset of memory T cells called resident memory T cells (TRMs). Once they enter the tissues according to their tissue-homing receptors, TRMs do not go back to circulation and stay in the same tissues for a long time. These T cells are defined as expressing CD69 and/or CD103, and are known to show strong effector functions. It is considered that TRMs have an important role against infection in barrier tissues such as GI tract, skin, respiratory system and reproductive tract. Furthermore, recent reports indicate their roles in organ-specific chronic inflammatory disorders, autoimmune disorders and tumor immunology even in non-barrier tissues such as central nerve system, lymphatic tissue, liver, kidney, pancreas and joint. Here in this session, the author organized what have been known about TRM both in mouse and human, including the development, functional activities and relation of TRM to disease manifestation, for the detailed understanding of this fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Watanabe
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba
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Roe MM, Swain S, Sebrell TA, Sewell MA, Collins MM, Perrino BA, Smith PD, Smythies LE, Bimczok D. Differential regulation of CD103 (αE integrin) expression in human dendritic cells by retinoic acid and Toll-like receptor ligands. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 101:1169-1180. [PMID: 28087652 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.1ma0316-131r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CD103 (αE integrin) is an important dendritic cell (DC) marker that characterizes functionally distinct DC subsets in mice and humans. However, the mechanism by which CD103 expression is regulated in human DCs and the role of CD103 for DC function are not very well understood. Here, we show that retinoic acid (RA) treatment of human monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) increased the ability of the DCs to synthesize RA and induced MoDC expression of CD103 and β7 at the mRNA and protein level. In contrast, RA was unable to induce the expression of CD103 in primary human DCs isolated from the gastric mucosa. Inhibition of TGF-β signaling in MoDCs down-regulated RA-induced CD103 expression, indicating that TGF-β-dependent pathways contribute to the induction of CD103. Conversely, when RA-treated MoDCs were stimulated with live Helicobacter pylori, commensal bacteria, LPS, or a TLR2 agonist, the RA-induced up-regulation of CD103 and β7 integrin expression was completely abrogated. To determine whether CD103 expression impacts DC priming of CD4+ T cells, we next investigated the ability of CD103+ and CD103─ DCs to induce mucosal homing and T cell proliferation. Surprisingly, RA treatment of DCs enhanced both α4β7 expression and proliferation in cocultured T cells, but no difference was seen between RA-treated CD103+ and CD103─ DCs. In summary, our data demonstrate that RA, bacterial products, and the tissue environment all contribute to the regulation of CD103 on human DCs and that DC induction of mucosal homing in T cells is RA dependent but not CD103 dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandi M Roe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Steve Swain
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - T Andrew Sebrell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Marisa A Sewell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Madison M Collins
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA
| | - Brian A Perrino
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Phillip D Smith
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; and.,VA Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Lesley E Smythies
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; and
| | - Diane Bimczok
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, USA;
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Shevach EM. Garp as a therapeutic target for modulation of T regulatory cell function. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 21:191-200. [PMID: 28001437 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1275568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Foxp3+ T regulatory cells (Tregs) play critical roles in immune homeostasis primarily by suppressing many aspects of the immune response. Tregs uniquely express GARP on their cell surface and GARP functions as a delivery system for latent TGF-β. As Treg-derived TGF-β may mediate the suppressive functions of Tregs, GARP may represent a target to inhibit Treg suppression in cancer or augment suppression in autoimmunity. Areas covered: This article will focus on 1) the role of Treg-derived TGF-β in the suppressive activity of Treg, 2) the cellular and molecular regulation of expression of GARP on mouse and human Tregs, 3) the role of integrins in the activation of latent-TGF-β/GARP complex, 4) an overview of our present understanding of the function of the latent-TGF-β/GARP complex. Expert opinion: Two approaches are outlined for targeting the L-TGF-β1/GARP complex for therapeutic purposes. Tregs play a major role in suppressive effector T cell responses to tumors and TGF-β1 may be a major contributor to this process. One approach is to specifically block the production of active TGF-β1 from Tregs as an adjunct to tumor immunotherapy. The second approach in autoimmunity is to selectively enhance the production of TGF-β by Tregs at sites of chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan M Shevach
- a Laboratory of Immunology , National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , MD , USA
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Sun YY, Peng S, Han L, Qiu J, Song L, Tsai Y, Yang B, Roden RBS, Trimble CL, Hung CF, Wu TC. Local HPV Recombinant Vaccinia Boost Following Priming with an HPV DNA Vaccine Enhances Local HPV-Specific CD8+ T-cell-Mediated Tumor Control in the Genital Tract. Clin Cancer Res 2015; 22:657-69. [PMID: 26420854 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-0234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Two viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, are expressed in all human papillomavirus (HPV)-infected cells, from initial infection in the genital tract to metastatic cervical cancer. Intramuscular vaccination of women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3) twice with a naked DNA vaccine, pNGVL4a-sig/E7(detox)/HSP70, and a single boost with HPVE6/E7 recombinant vaccinia vaccine (TA-HPV) elicited systemic HPV-specific CD8 T-cell responses that could traffic to the lesion and was associated with regression in some patients (NCT00788164). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Here, we examine whether alteration of this vaccination regimen by administration of TA-HPV vaccination in the cervicovaginal tract, rather than intramuscular (IM) delivery, can more effectively recruit antigen-specific T cells in an orthotopic syngeneic mouse model of HPV16(+) cervical cancer (TC-1 luc). RESULTS We found that pNGVL4a-sig/E7(detox)/HSP70 vaccination followed by cervicovaginal vaccination with TA-HPV increased accumulation of total and E7-specific CD8(+) T cells in the cervicovaginal tract and better controlled E7-expressing cervicovaginal TC-1 luc tumor than IM administration of TA-HPV. Furthermore, the E7-specific CD8(+) T cells in the cervicovaginal tract generated through the cervicovaginal route of vaccination expressed the α4β7 integrin and CCR9, which are necessary for the homing of the E7-specific CD8(+) T cells to the cervicovaginal tract. Finally, we show that cervicovaginal vaccination with TA-HPV can induce potent local HPV-16 E7 antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell immune responses regardless of whether an HPV DNA vaccine priming vaccination was administered IM or within the cervicovaginal tract. CONCLUSIONS Our results support future clinical translation using cervicovaginal TA-HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shiwen Peng
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Liping Han
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liwen Song
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yachea Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Yang
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Richard B S Roden
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Cornelia L Trimble
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chien-Fu Hung
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - T-C Wu
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, Maryland.
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Park CO, Kupper TS. The emerging role of resident memory T cells in protective immunity and inflammatory disease. Nat Med 2015; 21:688-97. [PMID: 26121195 DOI: 10.1038/nm.3883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 399] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, it has become clear that there is an important subset of memory T cells that resides in tissues-tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells. There is an emerging understanding that TRM cells have a role in human tissue-specific immune and inflammatory diseases. Furthermore, the nature of the molecular signals that maintain TRM cells in tissues is the subject of much investigation. In addition, whereas it is logical for TRM cells to be located in barrier tissues at interfaces with the environment, these cells have also been found in brain, kidney, joint and other non-barrier tissues in humans and mice. Given the biology and behavior of these cells, it is likely that they have a role in chronic relapsing and remitting diseases of both barrier and non-barrier tissues. In this Review we discuss recent insights into the biology of TRM cells with a particular focus on their roles in disease, both proven and putative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Ook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas S Kupper
- Department of Dermatology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mitroulis I, Alexaki VI, Kourtzelis I, Ziogas A, Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T. Leukocyte integrins: role in leukocyte recruitment and as therapeutic targets in inflammatory disease. Pharmacol Ther 2014; 147:123-135. [PMID: 25448040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Infection or sterile inflammation triggers site-specific attraction of leukocytes. Leukocyte recruitment is a process comprising several steps orchestrated by adhesion molecules, chemokines, cytokines and endogenous regulatory molecules. Distinct adhesive interactions between endothelial cells and leukocytes and signaling mechanisms contribute to the temporal and spatial fine-tuning of the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Central players in the leukocyte adhesion cascade include the leukocyte adhesion receptors of the β2-integrin family, such as the αLβ2 and αMβ2 integrins, or of the β1-integrin family, such as the α4β1-integrin. Given the central involvement of leukocyte recruitment in different inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, the leukocyte adhesion cascade in general, and leukocyte integrins in particular, represent key therapeutic targets. In this context, the present review focuses on the role of leukocyte integrins in the leukocyte adhesion cascade. Experimental evidence that has implicated leukocyte integrins as targets in animal models of inflammatory disorders, such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, psoriasis, inflammatory bone loss and inflammatory bowel disease as well as preclinical and clinical therapeutic applications of antibodies that target leukocyte integrins in various inflammatory disorders are presented. Finally, we review recent findings on endogenous inhibitors that modify leukocyte integrin function, which could emerge as promising therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Mitroulis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vasileia I Alexaki
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ioannis Kourtzelis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Athanassios Ziogas
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry and Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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