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Nithimethachoke T, Boonmak C, Morikawa M. A novel alkane monooxygenase evolved from a broken piece of ribonucleotide reductase in Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426 isolated from Mariana Trench. Extremophiles 2024; 28:18. [PMID: 38353731 PMCID: PMC10867098 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-024-01332-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
We have accidentally found that a thermophilic Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426 is capable of degrading alkanes although it has no alkane oxygenating enzyme genes. Our experimental results revealed that a putative ribonucleotide reductase small subunit GkR2loxI (GK2771) gene encodes a novel heterodinuclear Mn-Fe alkane monooxygenase/hydroxylase. GkR2loxI protein can perform two-electron oxidations similar to homonuclear diiron bacterial multicomponent soluble methane monooxygenases. This finding not only answers a long-standing question about the substrate of the R2lox protein clade, but also expands our understanding of the vast diversity and new evolutionary lineage of the bacterial alkane monooxygenase/hydroxylase family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanasap Nithimethachoke
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Chanita Boonmak
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Masaaki Morikawa
- Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Kita-10 Nishi-5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan.
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2
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Rejiniemon TS, R L, Alodaini HA, Hatamleh AA, Sathya R, Kuppusamy P, Al-Dosary MA, Kalaiyarasi M. Biodegradation of naphthalene by biocatalysts isolated from the contaminated environment under optimal conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135274. [PMID: 35690172 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution occurs in freshwater and marine environment by anthropogenic activities. Moreover, analysis of the PAHs-degradation by the indigenous bacterial strains is limited, compared with other degraders. In this study, naphthalene (NAP) biodegrading bacteria were screened by enrichment culture method. Three bacterial strains were obtained for NAP degradation and identified as Bacillus cereus CK1, Pseudomonas aeruginosa KD4 and Enterobacter aerogenes SR6. The amount of hydrogen, carbon, sulphur and nitrogen of wastewater were analyzed. Total bacterial count increased at increasing incubation time (6-60 days) and moderately decreased at higher NAP concentrations. The bacterial population increased after 48 days at 250 ppm NAP (519 ± 15.3 MPM/mL) concentration and this level increased at 500 ppm NAP concentration (541 ± 12.5 MPM/mL). NAP was degraded by bacterial consortium within 36 h-99% at 30 °C. PAHs degrading bacteria were grown optimally at 4% inoculum concentrations. Bacterial consortium was able to degrade 98% NAP at pH 7.0 after 36 h incubation and degradation potential was improved (100%) after 34 h (pH 8.0). Also at pH 9.0, 100% biodegradation was registered after 36 h incubation. When the agitation speed enhanced from 50 ppm to 150 ppm, increased bacteria growth and increased NAP degradation within 42 h incubation. Among the nutrient sources, beef extract, peptone and glucose supplemented medium supported complete degradation of PAHs within 30 h, whereas peptone supported 94.3% degradation at this time. Glucose supplemented medium showed only 2.8% NAP degradation after 6 h incubation and reached maximum (100%) within 42 h incubation. Bacterial consortium can be used to reduce NAP under optimal process conditions and this method can be used for the removal of various hydrocarbon-compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- T S Rejiniemon
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, AJ College of Science and Technology, Thonnakal, Trivandrum, India
| | - Lekshmi R
- Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Milad-E-Sherif Memorial (MSM) College, Kayamkulam, Kerala, India
| | - Hissah Abdulrahman Alodaini
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Atef Hatamleh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rengasamy Sathya
- Department of Microbiology, Centre for Research and Development, PRIST University, Tamil Nadu, 613 403, India
| | - Palaniselvam Kuppusamy
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, 54896, South Korea
| | - Munirah Abdullah Al-Dosary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - M Kalaiyarasi
- Vyasa Arts and Science College for Women, Tirunelveli, Tamilnadu, India.
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3
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Gaur VK, Gautam K, Sharma P, Gupta P, Dwivedi S, Srivastava JK, Varjani S, Ngo HH, Kim SH, Chang JS, Bui XT, Taherzadeh MJ, Parra-Saldívar R. Sustainable strategies for combating hydrocarbon pollution: Special emphasis on mobil oil bioremediation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 832:155083. [PMID: 35395309 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The global rise in industrialization and vehicularization has led to the increasing trend in the use of different crude oil types. Among these mobil oil has major application in automobiles and different machines. The combustion of mobil oil renders a non-usable form that ultimately enters the environment thereby causing problems to environmental health. The aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon fraction of mobil oil has serious human and environmental health hazards. These components upon interaction with soil affect its fertility and microbial diversity. The recent advancement in the omics approach viz. metagenomics, metatranscriptomics and metaproteomics has led to increased efficiency for the use of microbial based remediation strategy. Additionally, the use of biosurfactants further aids in increasing the bioavailability and thus biodegradation of crude oil constituents. The combination of more than one approach could serve as an effective tool for efficient reduction of oil contamination from diverse ecosystems. To the best of our knowledge only a few publications on mobil oil have been published in the last decade. This systematic review could be extremely useful in designing a micro-bioremediation strategy for aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems contaminated with mobil oil or petroleum hydrocarbons that is both efficient and feasible. The state-of-art information and future research directions have been discussed to address the issue efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Kumar Gaur
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea; Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, India; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Krishna Gautam
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, India
| | - Poonam Sharma
- Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, India
| | - Pallavi Gupta
- Bioscience and Biotechnology Department, Banasthali University, Rajasthan, India
| | | | | | - Sunita Varjani
- Gujarat Pollution Control Board, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382 010, India.
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Sang-Hyoun Kim
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Xuan-Thanh Bui
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam; Key Laboratory of Advanced Waste Treatment Technology, Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh (VNU-HCM), Linh Trung ward, Thu Duc district, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Viet Nam
| | | | - Roberto Parra-Saldívar
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias-Centro de Biotecnología-FEMSA, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Mexico
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4
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Wang Q, Guo S, Ali M, Song X, Tang Z, Zhang Z, Zhang M, Luo Y. Thermally enhanced bioremediation: A review of the fundamentals and applications in soil and groundwater remediation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 433:128749. [PMID: 35364527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.128749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermally enhanced bioremediation (TEB), a new concept proposed in recent years, explores the combination of thermal treatment and bioremediation to address the challenges of the low efficiency and long duration of bioremediation. This study presented a comprehensive review regarding the fundamentals of TEB and its applications in soil and groundwater remediation. The temperature effects on the bioremediation of contaminants were systematically reviewed. The thermal effects on the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of soil, and the corresponding changes of contaminants bioavailability and microbial metabolic activities were summarized. Specifically, the increase in temperature within a suitable range can proliferate enzymes enrichment, extracellular polysaccharides and biosurfactants production, and further enhancing bioremediation. Furthermore, a systematic evaluation of TEB applications by utilizing traditional in situ heating technologies, as well as renewable energy (e.g., stored aquifer thermal energy and solar energy), was provided. Additionally, TEB has been applied as a biological polishing technology post thermal treatment, which can be a cost-effective method to address the contaminants rebounds in groundwater remediation. However, there are still various challenges to be addressed in TEB, and future research perspectives to further improve the basic understanding and applications of TEB for the remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Siwei Guo
- Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mukhtiar Ali
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Song
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Zhiwen Tang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhuanxia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yongming Luo
- Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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5
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Adlan NA, Sabri S, Masomian M, Ali MSM, Rahman RNZRA. Microbial Biodegradation of Paraffin Wax in Malaysian Crude Oil Mediated by Degradative Enzymes. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:565608. [PMID: 33013795 PMCID: PMC7506063 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.565608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The deposition of paraffin wax in crude oil is a problem faced by the oil and gas industry during extraction, transportation, and refining of crude oil. Most of the commercialized chemical additives to prevent wax are expensive and toxic. As an environmentally friendly alternative, this study aims to find a novel thermophilic bacterial strain capable of degrading paraffin wax in crude oil to control wax deposition. To achieve this, the biodegradation of crude oil paraffin wax by 11 bacteria isolated from seawater and oil-contaminated soil samples was investigated at 70°C. The bacteria were identified as Geobacillus kaustophilus N3A7, NFA23, DFY1, Geobacillus jurassicus MK7, Geobacillus thermocatenulatus T7, Parageobacillus caldoxylosilyticus DFY3 and AZ72, Anoxybacillus geothermalis D9, Geobacillus stearothermophilus SA36, AD11, and AD24. The GCMS analysis showed that strains N3A7, MK7, DFY1, AD11, and AD24 achieved more than 70% biodegradation efficiency of crude oil in a short period (3 days). Notably, most of the strains could completely degrade C37–C40 and increase the ratio of C14–C18, especially during the initial 2 days incubation. In addition, the degradation of crude oil also resulted in changes in the pH of the medium. The degradation of crude oil is associated with the production of degradative enzymes such as alkane monooxygenase, alcohol dehydrogenase, lipase, and esterase. Among the 11 strains, the highest activities of alkane monooxygenase were recorded in strain AD24. A comparatively higher overall alcohol dehydrogenase, lipase, and esterase activities were observed in strains N3A7, MK7, DFY1, AD11, and AD24. Thus, there is a potential to use these strains in oil reservoirs, crude oil processing, and recovery to control wax deposition. Their ability to withstand high temperature and produce degradative enzymes for long-chain hydrocarbon degradation led to an increase in the short-chain hydrocarbon ratio, and subsequently, improving the quality of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aina Adlan
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Suriana Sabri
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Malihe Masomian
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Shukuri Mohamad Ali
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Raja Noor Zaliha Raja Abd Rahman
- Enzyme and Microbial Technology Research Centre, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
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6
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Nzila A, Razzak SA, Sankara S, Nazal MK, Al-Momani M, Kang GU, Ibal JC, Shin JH. Characterisation and microbial community analysis of lipid utilising microorganisms for biogas formation. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0224989. [PMID: 31703100 PMCID: PMC6839884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the anaerobic process, fat-oil-grease (FOG) is hydrolysed to long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and glycerol (GLYC), which are then used as substrates to produce biogas. The increase in FOG and LCFAs inhibits methanogenesis, and so far, most work investigating this inhibition has been carried out when FOG or LCFAs were used as co-substrates. In the current work, the inhibition of methanogenesis by FOG, LCFAs and GLYC was investigated when used as sole substrates. To gain more insight on the dynamics of this process, the change of microbial community was analysed using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The results indicate that, as the concentrations of cooking olive oil (CO, which represents FOG) and LCFAs increase, methanogenesis is inhibited. For instance, at 0.01 g. L-1 of FOG, the rate of biogas formation was around 8 ml.L-1.day-1, and this decreased to <4 ml.L-1.day-1 at 40 g.L-1. Similar results were observed with the use of LCFAs. However, GLYC concentrations up to 100g.L-1 did not affect the rate of biogas formation. Acidic pH, temperature > = 45°C and NaCl > 3% led to a significant decrease in the rate of biogas formation. Microbial community analyses were carried out from samples from 3 different bioreactors (CO, OLEI and GLYC), on day 1, 5 and 15. In each bioreactor, microbial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla. The most important families were Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae and Shewanellaceae (Proteobacteria phylum), Clostridiacea and Ruminococcaceae (Firmicutes) and Porphyromonadaceae and Bacteroidaceae (Bacteroidetes). In CO bioreactor, Proteobacteria bacteria decreased over time, while those of OLEI and GLYC bioreactors increased. A more pronounced increase in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were observed in CO bioreactor. The methanogenic archaea Methanobacteriaceae and Methanocorpusculaceae were identified. This analysis has shown that a set of microbial population is selected as a function of the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nzila
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shaikh Abdur Razzak
- Departments of Chemical Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Sankara
- Department of Life Sciences, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen K. Nazal
- Research Institute, Center for Environment and Water, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Al-Momani
- Departments of Mathematics & Statistics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gi-Ung Kang
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jerald Conrad Ibal
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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7
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Li YP, Pan JC, Ma YL. Elucidation of multiple alkane hydroxylase systems in biodegradation of crude oil
n
‐alkane pollution by
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
DN1. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:151-160. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.14470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. P. Li
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education College of Life Science Northwest University Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - J. C. Pan
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education College of Life Science Northwest University Xi’an, Shaanxi China
| | - Y. L. Ma
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Resources Biology and Biotechnology in Western China Ministry of Education College of Life Science Northwest University Xi’an, Shaanxi China
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8
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Imam A, Suman SK, Ghosh D, Kanaujia PK. Analytical approaches used in monitoring the bioremediation of hydrocarbons in petroleum-contaminated soil and sludge. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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9
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Sun W, Ali I, Liu J, Dai M, Cao W, Jiang M, Saren G, Yu X, Peng C, Naz I. Isolation, identification, and characterization of diesel-oil-degrading bacterial strains indigenous to Changqing oil field, China. J Basic Microbiol 2019; 59:723-734. [PMID: 31081547 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201800674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, 12 indigenous diesel-oil-degrading bacteria were isolated from the petroleum-contaminated soils of the Changqing oil field (Xi'an, China). Measurement of the diesel-oil degradation rates of these strains by the gravimetric method revealed that they ranged from 42% to 66% within 2 weeks. The highest degradation rates were observed from strains CQ8-1 (66%), CQ8-2 (62.6%), and CQ11 (59%), which were identified as Bacillus thuringiensis, Ochrobactrum anthropi, and Bordetella bronchialis, respectively, based on their 16S rDNA sequences. Moreover, the physiological and biochemical properties of these three strains were analyzed by Gram staining, catalase, oxidase, and Voges-Proskauer tests. Transmission electron microscopy showed that all three strains were rod shaped with flagella. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometric analyses indicated that medium- and long-chain n-alkanes in diesel oil (C11-C29) were degraded to different degrees by B. thuringiensis, O. anthropi, and B. bronchialis, and the degradation rates gradually decreased as the carbon numbers increased. Overall, the results of this study indicate strains CQ8-1, CQ8-2, and CQ11 might be useful for environmentally friendly and cost-effective bioremediation of oil-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyang Sun
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Imran Ali
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Dai
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Wenrui Cao
- The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingyu Jiang
- The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Gaowa Saren
- The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xinke Yu
- The Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Changsheng Peng
- The Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Iffat Naz
- Department of Biology, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
- Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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10
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Elumalai P, Parthipan P, Narenkumar J, Anandakumar B, Madhavan J, Oh BT, Rajasekar A. Role of thermophilic bacteria ( Bacillus and Geobacillus) on crude oil degradation and biocorrosion in oil reservoir environment. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:79. [PMID: 30800590 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1604-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermophilic bacterial communities generate thick biofilm on carbon steel API 5LX and produce extracellular metabolic products to accelerate the corrosion process in oil reservoirs. In the present study, nine thermophilic biocorrosive bacterial strains belonging to Bacillus and Geobacillus were isolated from the crude oil and produced water sample, and identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbons was found to be high in the presence of bacterial isolates MN6 (82%), IR4 (94%) and IR2 (87%). During the biodegradation process, induction of the catabolic enzymes such as alkane hydroxylase, alcohol dehydrogenase and lipase were also examined in these isolates. Among them, the highest activity of alkane hydroxylase (130 µmol mg-1 protein) in IR4, alcohol dehydrogenase (70 µmol mg-1 protein) in IR2, and higher lipase activity in IR4 (60 µmol mg-1 protein) was observed. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction data showed that these isolates oxidize iron into ferrous/ferric oxides as the corrosion products on the carbon steel surface, whilst the crude oil hydrocarbon served as a sole carbon source for bacterial growth and development in such extreme environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Punniyakotti Elumalai
- 1Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Biosciences, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Punniyakotti Parthipan
- 2Electro-Materials Research Lab, Centre for Nanoscience and Technology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605 014 India
| | - Jayaraman Narenkumar
- 3Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632115 India
| | - Balakrishnan Anandakumar
- 4Corrosion Science and Technology Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu 603102 India
| | - Jagannathan Madhavan
- 5Solar Energy Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632115 India
| | - Byung-Taek Oh
- 1Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Biosciences, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54596 South Korea
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- 3Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632115 India
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11
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Current Status of the Degradation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Petroleum Hydrocarbons by Thermophilic Microbes and Future Perspectives. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122782. [PMID: 30544637 PMCID: PMC6313336 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of the environment by petroleum products is a growing concern worldwide, and strategies to remove these contaminants have been evaluated. One of these strategies is biodegradation, which consists of the use of microorganisms. Biodegradation is significantly improved by increasing the temperature of the medium, thus, the use of thermophiles, microbes that thrive in high-temperature environments, will render this process more efficient. For instance, various thermophilic enzymes have been used in industrial biotechnology because of their unique catalytic properties. Biodegradation has been extensively studied in the context of mesophilic microbes, and the mechanisms of biodegradation of aliphatic and aromatic petroleum hydrocarbons have been elucidated. However, in comparison, little work has been carried out on the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by thermophiles. In this paper, a detailed review of the degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (both aliphatic and aromatic) by thermophiles was carried out. This work has identified the characteristics of thermophiles, and unraveled specific catabolic pathways of petroleum products that are only found with thermophiles. Gaps that limit our understanding of the activity of these microbes have also been highlighted, and, finally, different strategies that can be used to improve the efficiency of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons by thermophiles were proposed.
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12
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Tian X, Wang X, Peng S, Wang Z, Zhou R, Tian H. Isolation, screening, and crude oil degradation characteristics of hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria for treatment of oily wastewater. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 78:2626-2638. [PMID: 30767927 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to isolate hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria for treatment of oily wastewater from long-standing petroleum-polluted sediments in Bohai Bay, China. Six hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria were screened and identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. A new approach using a combination of various bacterial species in petroleum biodegradation was proposed and evaluated for its degradation characteristics. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis showed that mixed bacterial agents (YJ01) degraded 80.64% of crude oil and 76.30% of crude oil alkanes, exhibiting good biodegradation effect. Besides, after 14 days of culture, the biodegradation assessment markers, pristane and phytane, showed significant degradation rates of 46.75% and 78.23%, respectively. Kinetic analysis indicated that the degradation trends followed a single first-order kinetics model and the degradation half-life (t1/2) of 15 g/L crude oil was significantly shorter (5.48 days). These results indicated that YJ01 could degrade a wider range of hydrocarbons as well as some recalcitrant hydrocarbon components, and can be applied for bioremediation and treatment of oil-contaminated environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Tian
- School of Environmental Science & Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail:
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Environmental Science & Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail:
| | - Shitao Peng
- Laboratory of Environmental protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Transport, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- School of Environmental Science & Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China E-mail:
| | - Ran Zhou
- Laboratory of Environmental protection in Water Transport Engineering, Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering, Ministry of Transport, Tianjin 300456, China
| | - He Tian
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
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Brzeszcz J, Kaszycki P. Aerobic bacteria degrading both n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons: an undervalued strategy for metabolic diversity and flexibility. Biodegradation 2018; 29:359-407. [PMID: 29948519 DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9837-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Environmental pollution with petroleum toxic products has afflicted various ecosystems, causing devastating damage to natural habitats with serious economic implications. Some crude oil components may serve as growth substrates for microorganisms. A number of bacterial strains reveal metabolic capacities to biotransform various organic compounds. Some of the hydrocarbon degraders are highly biochemically specialized, while the others display a versatile metabolism and can utilize both saturated aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. The extended catabolic profiles of the latter group have been subjected to systematic and complex studies relatively rarely thus far. Growing evidence shows that numerous bacteria produce broad biochemical activities towards different hydrocarbon types and such an enhanced metabolic potential can be found in many more species than the already well-known oil-degraders. These strains may play an important role in the removal of heterogeneous contamination. They are thus considered to be a promising solution in bioremediation applications. The main purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on aerobic bacteria involved in the mineralization or transformation of both n-alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons. Variant scientific approaches enabling to evaluate these features on biochemical as well as genetic levels are presented. The distribution of multidegradative capabilities between bacterial taxa is systematically shown and the possibility of simultaneous transformation of complex hydrocarbon mixtures is discussed. Bioinformatic analysis of the currently available genetic data is employed to enable generation of phylogenetic relationships between environmental strain isolates belonging to the phyla Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Firmicutes. The study proves that the co-occurrence of genes responsible for concomitant metabolic bioconversion reactions of structurally-diverse hydrocarbons is not unique among various systematic groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Brzeszcz
- Department of Microbiology, Oil and Gas Institute-National Research Institute, ul. Lubicz 25A, 31-503, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kaszycki
- Unit of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Kraków, al. 29 Listopada 54, 31-425, Kraków, Poland
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Microbial-Enhanced Heavy Oil Recovery under Laboratory Conditions by Bacillus firmus BG4 and Bacillus halodurans BG5 Isolated from Heavy Oil Fields. COLLOIDS AND INTERFACES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/colloids2010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Calcium (II) - and dipicolinic acid mediated-biostimulation of oil-bioremediation under multiple stresses by heat, oil and heavy metals. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9534. [PMID: 28842661 PMCID: PMC5573387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10121-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The oil-producing Arabian Gulf states have hot summer seasons of about 7-month in length. Therefore, environmental oil spills should be bioremediated by the activity of indigenous, hydrocarbonoclastic (hydrocarbon-degrading) microorganisms with optimum growth at about 50 °C. Soils in such arid countries harbor thermophilic bacteria, whose oil-consumption potential is enhanced by calcium (II) - and dipicolinic acid (DPA)-supplement. Those organisms are, however, subjected to additional stresses including toxic effects of heavy metals that may be associated with the spilled oil. Our study highlighted the resistance of indigenous, thermophilic isolates to the heavy metals, mercury (II), cadmium (II), arsenic (II) and lead (II) at 50 °C. We also detected the uptake of heavy metals by 15 isolates at 50 °C, and identified the merA genes coding for Hg2+-resistance in 4 of the studied Hg2+-resistant isolates. Hg2+ was the most toxic metal and the metal toxicity was commonly higher in the presence of oil. The addition of Ca2+ and DPA enhanced the Hg2+-resistance among most of the isolates at 50 °C. Crude oil consumption at 50 °C by 4 selected isolates was inhibited by the tested heavy metals. However, Ca2+ and DPA limited this inhibition and enhanced oil-consumption, which exceeded by far the values in the control cultures.
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Elumalai P, Parthipan P, Karthikeyan OP, Rajasekar A. Enzyme-mediated biodegradation of long-chain n-alkanes (C 32 and C 40) by thermophilic bacteria. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:116. [PMID: 28567628 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0773-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Removal of long-chain hydrocarbons and n-alkanes from oil-contaminated environments are mere important to reduce the ecological damages, while bio-augmentation is a very promising technology that requires highly efficient microbes. In present study, the efficiency of pure isolates, i.e., Geobacillus thermoparaffinivorans IR2, Geobacillus stearothermophillus IR4 and Bacillus licheniformis MN6 and mixed consortium on degradation of long-chain n-alkanes C32 and C40 was investigated by batch cultivation test. Biodegradation efficiencies were found high for C32 by mixed consortium (90%) than pure strains, while the pure strains were better in degradation of C40 than mixed consortium (87%). In contrast, the maximum alkane hydroxylase activities (161 µmol mg-1 protein) were recorded in mixed consortium system that had supplied with C40 as sole carbon source. Also, the alcohol dehydrogenase (71 µmol mg-1 protein) and lipase activity (57 µmol mg-1 protein) were found high. Along with the enzyme activities, the hydrophobicity natures of the bacterial strains were found to determine the degradation efficiency of the hydrocarbons. Thus, the study suggested that the hydrophobicity of the bacteria is a critical parameter to understand the biodegradation of n-alkanes.
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17
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Ranawat P, Rawat S. Stress response physiology of thermophiles. Arch Microbiol 2017; 199:391-414. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-016-1331-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Biodegradation of Petrochemical Hydrocarbons Using an Efficient Bacterial Consortium: A2457. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-015-1851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Moderately thermophilic, hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial communities in Kuwaiti desert soil: enhanced activity via Ca(2+) and dipicolinic acid amendment. Extremophiles 2015; 19:573-83. [PMID: 25716145 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-015-0739-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Pristine and oil-contaminated desert soil samples from Kuwait harbored between 10 and 100 cells g(-1) of hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria capable of growth at 50 °C. Enrichment by incubation of moistened soils for 6 months at 50 °C raised those numbers to the magnitude of 10(3) cells g(-1). Most of these organisms were moderately thermophilic and belonged to the genus Bacillus; they grew at 40-50 °C better than at 30 °C. Species belonging to the genera Amycolatopsis, Chelativorans, Isoptericola, Nocardia, Aeribacillus, Aneurinibacillus, Brevibacillus, Geobacillus, Kocuria, Marinobacter and Paenibacillus were also found. This microbial diversity indicates a good potential for hydrocarbon removal in soil at high temperature. Analysis of the same desert soil samples by a culture-independent method (combined, DGGE and 16S rDNA sequencing) revealed dramatically different lists of microorganisms, many of which had been recorded as hydrocarbonoclastic. Many species were more frequent in the oil contaminated than in the pristine soil samples, which may reflect their hydrocarbonoclastic activity in situ. The growth and hydrocarbon consumption potential of all tested isolates were dramatically enhanced by amendment of the cultures with Ca(2+) (up to 2.5 M CaSO4). This enhanced effect was even amplified when in addition 8 % w/v dipicolinic acid was amended. These novel findings are useful in suggesting biotechnologies for waste hydrocarbon remediation at moderately high temperature.
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Solyanikova IP, Robota IV, Mazur DM, Lebedev AT, Golovleva LA. Application of Bacillus sp. strain VT-8 for decontamination of TNT-polluted sites. Microbiology (Reading) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261714050257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Deng MC, Li J, Liang FR, Yi M, Xu XM, Yuan JP, Peng J, Wu CF, Wang JH. Isolation and characterization of a novel hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium Achromobacter sp. HZ01 from the crude oil-contaminated seawater at the Daya Bay, southern China. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2014; 83:79-86. [PMID: 24775066 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Microorganisms play an important role in the biodegradation of petroleum contaminants, which have attracted great concern due to their persistent toxicity and difficult biodegradation. In this paper, a novel hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium HZ01 was isolated from the crude oil-contaminated seawater at the Daya Bay, South China Sea, and identified as Achromobacter sp. Under the conditions of pH 7.0, NaCl 3% (w/v), temperature 28 °C and rotary speed 150 rpm, its degradability of the total n-alkanes reached up to 96.6% after 10 days of incubation for the evaporated diesel oil. Furthermore, Achromobacter sp. HZ01 could effectively utilize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as its sole carbon source, and could remove anthracene, phenanthrene and pyrence about 29.8%, 50.6% and 38.4% respectively after 30 days of incubation. Therefore, Achromobacter sp. HZ01 may employed as an excellent degrader to develop one cost-effective and eco-friendly method for the bioremediation of marine environments polluted by crude oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao-Cheng Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Marine Petroleum Exploration and Development, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China; Department of Food and Bioengineering, Guangdong Industry Technical College, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, People's Republic of China; Department of Food and Bioengineering, Guangdong Industry Technical College, Guangzhou 510300, People's Republic of China
| | - Fu-Rui Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Meisheng Yi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Marine Petroleum Exploration and Development, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Ping Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Chou-Fei Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Coastal Engineering, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiang-Hai Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Marine Petroleum Exploration and Development, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.
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Microbial enhanced heavy oil recovery by the aid of inhabitant spore-forming bacteria: an insight review. ScientificWorldJournal 2014; 2014:309159. [PMID: 24550702 PMCID: PMC3914512 DOI: 10.1155/2014/309159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Crude oil is the major source of energy worldwide being exploited as a source of economy, including Oman. As the price of crude oil increases and crude oil reserves collapse, exploitation of oil resources in mature reservoirs is essential for meeting future energy demands. As conventional recovery methods currently used have become less efficient for the needs, there is a continuous demand of developing a new technology which helps in the upgradation of heavy crude oil. Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is an important tertiary oil recovery method which is cost-effective and eco-friendly technology to drive the residual oil trapped in the reservoirs. The potential of microorganisms to degrade heavy crude oil to reduce viscosity is considered to be very effective in MEOR. Earlier studies of MEOR (1950s) were based on three broad areas: injection, dispersion, and propagation of microorganisms in petroleum reservoirs; selective degradation of oil components to improve flow characteristics; and production of metabolites by microorganisms and their effects. Since thermophilic spore-forming bacteria can thrive in very extreme conditions in oil reservoirs, they are the most suitable organisms for the purpose. This paper contains the review of work done with thermophilic spore-forming bacteria by different researchers.
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Darsa K, Thatheyus AJ, Ramya D. Biodegradation of Petroleum Compound Using the Bacterium Bacillus subtilis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.17311/sciintl.2014.20.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu J, Li R, Shen B. Isolation of a thermophilic bacterium, Geobacillus sp. SH-1, capable of degrading aliphatic hydrocarbons and naphthalene simultaneously, and identification of its naphthalene degrading pathway. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 124:83-89. [PMID: 22985850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A thermophilic naphthalene- and aliphatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacterium SH-1 was isolated from a deep oil well and identified as Geobacillus sp. n-alkanes from C12 to C33 in crude oil and naphthalene were effectively degraded by strain SH-1, and this strain could readily utilize these compounds as its sole carbon and energy resources. During the degradation of naphthalene, strain SH-1 initiated its attack on naphthalene by a monooxygenation at its C-1 to give 1-naphthol and further monooxygenation at C-2 to produce 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene. The ring of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene was cleaved to form trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate. Subsequently, trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate was transformed to (2E)-3-(2-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enal by losing a carboxyl group. Additionally, benzoic acid was identified as an intermediate in the naphthalene degradation pathway of this Geobacillus strain. This study highlights an important potential use of the thermophilic degradative strain SH-1 in the cleanup of environmental contamination by naphthalene and crude oil and presents a mechanism for naphthalene metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Low-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Ministry of Agricultural, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, 210095 Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, PR China
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Yadav BK, Shrestha SR, Hassanizadeh SM. Biodegradation of Toluene Under Seasonal and Diurnal Fluctuations of Soil-Water Temperature. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2012; 223:3579-3588. [PMID: 22865939 PMCID: PMC3409364 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-011-1052-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
An increasing interest in bioremediation of hydrocarbon polluted sites raises the question of the influence of seasonal and diurnal changes on soil-water temperature on biodegradation of BTEX, a widespread group of (sub)-surface contaminants. Therefore, we investigated the impact of a wide range of varying soil-water temperature on biodegradation of toluene under aerobic conditions. To see the seasonal impact of temperature, three sets of batch experiments were conducted at three different constant temperatures: 10°C, 21°C, and 30°C. These conditions were considered to represent (1) winter, (2) spring and/or autumn, and (3) summer seasons, respectively, at many polluted sites. Three additional sets of batch experiments were performed under fluctuating soil-water temperature cases (21<>10°C, 30<>21°C, and 10<>30°C) to mimic the day-night temperature patterns expected during the year. The batches were put at two different temperatures alternatively to represent the day (high-temperature) and night (low-temperature) times. The results of constant- and fluctuating-temperature experiments show that toluene degradation is strongly dependent on soil-water temperature level. An almost two-fold increase in toluene degradation time was observed for every 10°C decrease in temperature for constant-temperature cases. Under fluctuating-temperature conditions, toluene degraders were able to overcome the temperature stress and continued thriving during all considered weather scenarios. However, a slightly longer time was taken compared to the corresponding time at daily mean temperature conditions. The findings of this study are directly useful for bioremediation of hydrocarbon-polluted sites having significant diurnal and seasonal variations of soil-water temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh K. Yadav
- Environmental Hydrogeology Group, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - Shristi R. Shrestha
- Environmental Hydrogeology Group, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - S. Majid Hassanizadeh
- Environmental Hydrogeology Group, Faculty of Geosciences, University of Utrecht, Budapestlaan 4, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Wang XB, Chi CQ, Nie Y, Tang YQ, Tan Y, Wu G, Wu XL. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons (C6-C40) and crude oil by a novel Dietzia strain. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7755-7761. [PMID: 21715162 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 06/03/2011] [Accepted: 06/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, DQ12-45-1b, was isolated from the production water of a deep subterranean oil-reservoir. Morphological, physiological and phylogenetic analyses indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Dietzia with both alkB (coding for alkane monooxygenase) and CYP153 (coding for P450 alkane hydroxylase of the cytochrome CYP153 family) genes and their induction detected. It was capable of utilizing a wide range of n-alkanes (C6-C40), aromatic compounds and crude oil as the sole carbon sources for growth. In addition, it preferentially degraded short-chain hydrocarbons (≤C25) in the early cultivation phase and accumulated hydrocarbons with chain-lengths from C23 to C27 during later cultivation stage with crude oil as the sole carbon source. This is the first study to report the different behaviors of a bacterial species toward crude oil degradation as well as a species of Dietzia degrading a wide range of hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Biao Wang
- Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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27
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Yadav BK, Hassanizadeh SM. An Overview of Biodegradation of LNAPLs in Coastal (Semi)-arid Environment. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2011; 220:225-239. [PMID: 21949451 PMCID: PMC3153656 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-011-0749-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soil and water due to the release of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPLs) is a ubiquitous problem. The problem is more severe in arid and semi-arid coastal regions where most of the petroleum production and related refinery industries are located. Biological treatment of these organic contaminated resources is receiving increasing interests and where applicable, can serve as a cost-effective remediation alternative. The success of bioremediation greatly depends on the prevailing environmental variables, and their remediation favoring customization requires a sound understanding of their integrated behavior on fate and transport of LNAPLs under site-specific conditions. The arid and semi-arid coastal sites are characterized by specific environmental extremes; primarily, varying low and high temperatures, high salinity, water table dynamics, and fluctuating soil moisture content. An understanding of the behavior of these environmental variables on biological interactions with LNAPLs would be helpful in customizing the bioremediation for restoring problematic sites in these regions. Therefore, this paper reviews the microbial degradation of LNAPLs in soil-water, considering the influences of prevailing environmental parameters of arid and semi-arid coastal regions. First, the mechanism of biodegradation of LNAPLs is discussed briefly, followed by a summary of popular kinetic models used by researchers for describing the degradation rate of these hydrocarbons. Next, the impact of soil moisture content, water table dynamics, and soil-water temperature on the fate and transport of LNAPLs are discussed, including an overview of the studies conducted so far. Finally, based on the reviewed information, a general conclusion is presented with recommendations for future research subjects on optimizing the bioremediation technique in the field under the aforesaid environmental conditions. The present review will be useful to better understand the feasibility of bioremediation technology, in general, and its applicability for remediating LNAPLs polluted lands under aforesaid environments, in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brijesh Kumar Yadav
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016 India
| | - S. Majid Hassanizadeh
- Environmental Hydrogeology Group, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Budapestlaan 4, P.O. Box 80021, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Liu YC, Zhou TT, Zhang J, Xu L, Zhang ZH, Shen QR, Shen B. Molecular characterization of the alkB gene in the thermophilic Geobacillus sp. strain MH-1. Res Microbiol 2009; 160:560-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2009] [Revised: 08/15/2009] [Accepted: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mukred AM, Hamid AA, Hamzah A, Yusoff WMW. Enhancement of biodegradation of crude petroleum-oil in contaminated water by the addition of nitrogen sources. Pak J Biol Sci 2008; 11:2122-2127. [PMID: 19266926 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2008.2122.2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Addition of nitrogen sources as supplementary nutrient into MSM medium to enhance biodegradation by stimulating the growth four isolates, Acinetobacter faecalis, Staphylococcus sp., Pseudomonas putida and Neisseria elongata isolated from petroleum contaminated groundwater, wastewater aeration pond and biopond at the oil refinery Terengganu Malaysia was investigated. The organic nitrogen sources tested not only supported growth but also enhances biodegradation of 1% Tapis crude oil. All four isolates showed good growth especially when peptone was employed as the organic nitrogen compared to growth in the basal medium. Gas chromatography showed that more then 91, 93, 94 and 95% degradation of total hydrocarbon was observed after 5 days of incubation by isolates Pseudomonas putida, Neisseria elongate, Acinetobacter faecalis and Staphylococcus sp., respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M Mukred
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
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Zeinali M, Vossoughi M, Ardestani SK. Naphthalene metabolism in Nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain TSH1, a moderately thermophilic microorganism. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 72:905-909. [PMID: 18471862 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 03/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/18/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The thermophilic bacterium Nocardia otitidiscaviarum strain TSH1, originally isolated in our laboratory from a petroindustrial wastewater contaminated soil in Iran, grows at 50 degrees C on a broad range of hydrocarbons. Transformation of naphthalene by strain TSH1 which is able to use this two ring-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) as a sole source of carbon and energy was investigated. The metabolic pathway was elucidated by identifying metabolites, biotransformation studies and monitoring enzyme activities in cell-free extracts. The identification of metabolites suggests that strain TSH1 initiates its attack on naphthalene by dioxygenation at its C-1 and C-2 positions to give 1,2-dihydro-1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene. The intermediate 2-hydroxycinnamic acid, characteristic of the meta-cleavage of the resulting diol was identified in the acidic extract. Apart from typical metabolites of naphthalene degradation known from mesophiles, benzoic acid was identified as an intermediate for the naphthalene pathway of this Nocardia strain. Neither phthalic acid nor salicylic acid metabolites were detected in culture extracts. Enzymatic experiments with cell extract showed the catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity while transformation of phthalic acid and protocatechuic acid was not observed. The results of enzyme activity assays and identification of benzoic acid in culture extract provide strong indications that further degradation goes through benzoate and beta-ketoadipate pathway. Our results indicate that naphthalene degradation by thermophilic N. otitidiscaviarum strain TSH1 differs from the known pathways found for the thermophilic Bacillus thermoleovorans Hamburg 2 and mesophilic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Zeinali
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Chamkha M, Mnif S, Sayadi S. Isolation of a thermophilic and halophilic tyrosol-degrading Geobacillus from a Tunisian high-temperature oil field. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2008; 283:23-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2008.01136.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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34
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Wang J, Ma T, Zhao L, Lv J, Li G, Liang F, Liu R. PCR–DGGE method for analyzing the bacterial community in a high temperature petroleum reservoir. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-008-9694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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35
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Microbiology of Oil-Contaminated Desert Soils and Coastal Areas in the Arabian Gulf Region. SOIL BIOLOGY 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-74231-9_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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36
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Zeinali M, Vossoughi M, Ardestani SK, Babanezhad E, Masoumian M. Hydrocarbon degradation by thermophilicNocardia otitidiscaviarumstrain TSH1: physiological aspects. J Basic Microbiol 2007; 47:534-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jobm.200700283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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37
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Wentzel A, Ellingsen TE, Kotlar HK, Zotchev SB, Throne-Holst M. Bacterial metabolism of long-chain n-alkanes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:1209-21. [PMID: 17673997 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1119-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2007] [Revised: 07/10/2007] [Accepted: 07/11/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of alkanes is a widespread phenomenon in nature, and numerous microorganisms, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, capable of utilizing these substrates as a carbon and energy source have been isolated and characterized. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of bacterial metabolism of long-chain n-alkanes. Bacterial strategies for accessing these highly hydrophobic substrates are presented, along with systems for their enzymatic degradation and conversion into products of potential industrial value. We further summarize the current knowledge on the regulation of bacterial long-chain n-alkane metabolism and survey progress in understanding bacterial pathways for utilization of n-alkanes under anaerobic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Wentzel
- Department of Biotechnology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Saelandsvei 6/8, 7491 Trondheim, Norway.
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38
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Viamajala S, Peyton BM, Richards LA, Petersen JN. Solubilization, solution equilibria, and biodegradation of PAH's under thermophilic conditions. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 66:1094-106. [PMID: 16934313 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Revised: 06/14/2006] [Accepted: 06/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation rates of PAHs are typically low at mesophilic conditions and it is believed that the kinetics of degradation is controlled by PAH solubility and mass transfer rates. Solubility tests were performed on phenanthrene, fluorene and fluoranthene at 20 degrees C, 40 degrees C and 60 degrees C and, as expected, a significant increase in the equilibrium solubility concentration and of the rate of dissolution of these polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was observed with increasing temperature. A first-order model was used to describe the PAH dissolution kinetics and the thermodynamic property changes associated with the dissolution process (enthalpy, entropy and Gibb's free energy of solution) were evaluated. Further, other relevant thermodynamic properties for these PAHs, including the activity coefficients at infinite dilution, Henry's law constants and octanol-water partition coefficients, were calculated in the temperature range 20-60 degrees C. In parallel with the dissolution studies, three thermophilic Geobacilli were isolated from compost that grew on phenanthrene at 60 degrees C and degraded the PAH more rapidly than other reported mesophiles. Our results show that while solubilization rates of PAHs are significantly enhanced at elevated temperatures, the biodegradation of PAHs under thermophilic conditions is likely mass transfer limited due to enhanced degradation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sridhar Viamajala
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 1617 Cole Blvd. MS 3511, Golden, CO 80401, USA
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39
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Perfumo A, Banat IM, Marchant R, Vezzulli L. Thermally enhanced approaches for bioremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils. CHEMOSPHERE 2007; 66:179-84. [PMID: 16782171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2005] [Revised: 05/03/2006] [Accepted: 05/03/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Successful remediation of contaminated soils is often limited by the low bioavailability of hydrophobic pollutants, which may slow the process significantly. In this study we investigated the benefits of high temperature in enhancing hydrocarbon degradation rates and evaluated the effect of different biostimulants. Hexadecane polluted soil microcosms with various amendments were incubated both at 60 degrees C and room temperature (18 degrees C) and analyzed periodically up to 40d for the degradation of hydrocarbon and the response of the microbial population. Natural attenuation showed a satisfactory intrinsic degradative capability at 60 degrees C and the addition of inorganic N, P and K increased the degradation rates by 10%. The addition of rhamnolipid biosurfactant further enhanced the bioavailability of alkane to microbial degradation resulting in up to 71% removal at 60 degrees C and 42% at 18 degrees C. Significant input to hexadecane degradation occurred at 60 degrees C (70%) as a result of the bioaugmentation with thermophilic Geobacillus thermoleovorans T80, which did not take place at 18 degrees C. Coupling high temperature to all amendments resulted in 90% removal of the hexadecane from soil after 40d which was also accompanied with an increase in bacterial numbers. The results suggest that thermally enhanced bioremediation may be an efficient technology for the treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amedea Perfumo
- Biotechnology Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, N. Ireland, UK
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40
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Abed RMM, Al-Thukair A, de Beer D. Bacterial diversity of a cyanobacterial mat degrading petroleum compounds at elevated salinities and temperatures. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2006; 57:290-301. [PMID: 16867146 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00113.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial mats of the Arabian Gulf coast of Saudi Arabia experience extreme conditions of temperature and salinity. Because they are exposed to continuous oil pollution, they form ideal models for biodegradation under extreme conditions. We investigated the bacterial diversity of these mats using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA cloning, and tested their potential to degrade petroleum compounds at various salinities (fresh water to 16%) and temperatures (5 to 50 degrees C). Cloning revealed that c. 15% of the obtained sequences were related to unknown, possibly novel bacteria. Bacteria belonging to Beta-, Gamma- and Deltaproteobacteria, Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group and Spirochetes, were detected. The biodegradation of petroleum compounds at different salinities by mat microorganisms showed that pristine and n-octadecane were optimally degraded at salinities between 5 and 12% (weight per volume NaCl) whereas the optimum degradation of phenanthrene and dibenzothiophene was at 3.5% salinity. The latter compounds were also degradable at 8% salinity. The same compounds were degraded at temperatures between 15 and 40 degrees C but not at 5 and 50 degrees C. The optimum temperature of degradation was 28-40 degrees C for both aliphatics and aromatics. We conclude that the studied microbial mats from Saudi Arabia are rich in novel halotolerant and thermotolerant microorganisms with the potential to degrade petroleum compounds at elevated salinities and temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeid M M Abed
- Max-Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Celsiusstrasse 1, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
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41
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Wang L, Tang Y, Wang S, Liu RL, Liu MZ, Zhang Y, Liang FL, Feng L. Isolation and characterization of a novel thermophilic Bacillus strain degrading long-chain n-alkanes. Extremophiles 2006; 10:347-56. [PMID: 16604274 DOI: 10.1007/s00792-006-0505-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2005] [Accepted: 12/12/2005] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A thermophilic Bacillus strain NG80-2 growing within the temperature range of 45-73 degrees C (optimum at 65 degrees C) was isolated from a deep subterranean oil-reservoir in northern China. The strain was able to utilize crude oil and liquid paraffin as the sole carbon sources for growth, and the growth with crude oil was accompanied by the production of an unknown emulsifying agent. Further examination showed that NG80-2 degraded and utilized only long-chain (C15-C36) n-alkanes, but not short-chain (C8-C14) n-alkanes and those longer than C40. Based on phenotypic and phylogenic analyses, NG80-2 was identified as Geobacillus thermodenitrificans. The strain NG80-2 may be potentially used for oily-waste treatment at elevated temperature, a condition which greatly accelerates the biodegradation rate, and for microbial enhancing oil recovery process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- TEDA School of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Nankai University, 23# Hong Da Street, TEDA, 300457, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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42
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Lu SJ, Wang HQ, Yao ZH. Isolation and characterization of gasoline-degrading bacteria from gas station leaking-contaminated soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2006; 18:969-72. [PMID: 17278756 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(06)60023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The effects of culture conditions in vitro and biosurfactant detection were studied on bacterial strains capable of degrading gasoline from contaminated soils near gas station. The main results were summarized as follows. Three bacteria (strains Q 10, Q14 and Q18) that were considered as efficiently degrading strains were isolated and identified as Pseudomonas sp., Flavobacterium sp. and Rhodococcus sp., respectively. The optimal growth conditions of three bacteria including pH, temperature and the concentration of gasoline were similar. The reduction in surface tension was observed with all the three bacteria, indicating the production of biosurfactant compounds. The value of surface tension reduced by the three strains Q10, Q14 and Q18 was 32.6 mN x m, 12.4 mNx m and 21.9 mN x m, respectively. Strain Q10 could be considered as a potential biosurfactant producer. Gasoline, diesel oil, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX) could easily be degraded by the three isolates. The consortium was more effective than the individual cultures in degrading added gasoline, diesel oil, and BTEX. These results indicate that these strains have great potential for in situ remediation of soils contaminated by gas station leaking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Jin Lu
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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43
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Bioremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Polluted Soils in Extreme Temperature Environments. SOIL BIOLOGY 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-05794-0_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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44
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Gugliandolo C, Maugeri TL, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E. Bacillus aeolius sp. nov. a novel thermophilic, halophilic marine Bacillus species from Eolian Islands (Italy). Syst Appl Microbiol 2003; 26:172-6. [PMID: 12866842 DOI: 10.1078/072320203322346001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phylogenetic relationships of a thermophilic, halophilic, aerobic spore-forming strain 4-1(T), isolated from the water of a shallow sea hot spring at Vulcano Island (Italy), revealed its relatedness to members of the genus Bacillus. Chemotaxonomic and phenotypic properties of strain 4-1(T) are sufficiently different from related moderately thermophilic species, e.g., B. smithii, B. fumarioli, B. oleronius, B. sporothermodurans and B. infernus to describe strain 4-1(T) as a new Bacillus species, for which the name Bacillus aeolius sp. nov. is proposed. Strain 4-1(T) is characterised by the potential biotechnological important properties such as exopolysaccharide production, surfactant activity, and utilisation of hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Gugliandolo
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Sez. Ecologia Microbica e Biotecnologie, Messina, Italy
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45
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Maugeri TL, Gugliandolo C, Caccamo D, Stackebrandt E. Three novel halotolerant and thermophilic Geobacillus strains from shallow marine vents. Syst Appl Microbiol 2002; 25:450-5. [PMID: 12421083 DOI: 10.1078/0723-2020-00119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
During a polyphasic taxonomic analysis performed on isolates from shallow marine hydrothermal vents of Eolian Islands (Italy), three thermophilic, halotolerant bacilli, designated as strain 1bw, strain 5-2 and strain 10-1, could not be affiliated to any described species. Physiological and biochemical characteristics, membrane lipids composition, mol % G+C content, and phylogenetic relationships determined on the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, placed these strains within the genus Geobacillus. The three strains were only moderately related to species of Geobacillus and their relatives, members of Saccharococcus. Determination of the relatedness among each other at a higher taxonomic level by DNA-DNA reassociation experiments demonstrated the three isolates to represent three different novel Geobacillus genomospecies. The taxonomic novelty of these three marine strains was substantiated by their physiological properties and by fatty acid patterns that did not match closely those of any Geobacillus type strain. These three novel strains could be of interest to biotechnology because of their ability to produce exopolysaccharides and to adhere on polystirene, characteristics undescribed so far for other Geobacillus species. They are also able to utilise hydrocarbons such as gas oil, kerosene and mineral lubricating oil. Strain 5-2 is tolerant to zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa L Maugeri
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale ed Ecologia Marina, Sez Ecologia Microbica e Biotecnologie, Messina, Italy.
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46
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Al-Awadi S, Afzal M, Oommen S. Studies on Bacillus stearothermophilus. Part II. Transformation of progesterone. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2002; 82:251-6. [PMID: 12477492 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-0760(02)00183-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacillus stearothermophilus, a thermophilic bacterium isolated from Kuwaiti desert, when incubated with exogenous progesterone for 10 days at 65 degrees C produced two new dihydroxy isomers of progesterone, and two known compounds, 5 alpha-pregnane-3,6,20-trione and 6-dehydroprogesterone, along with the earlier reported monohydroxylated metabolites and a B-Seco compound. The two new dihydroxy compounds were identified as 6 alpha,20 alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone and 6 beta,20 alpha-dihydroxyprogesterone. These metabolites were purified by TLC and HPLC followed by their identification through 1H, 13C NMR and other spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameera Al-Awadi
- Biochemistry Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait.
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47
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Obuekwe CO, Hourani G, Radwan SS. High-temperature hydrocarbon biodegradation activities in Kuwaiti desert soil samples. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2002; 46:535-9. [PMID: 11898344 DOI: 10.1007/bf02817998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Soil samples taken monthly from the Burgan South oil field of Kuwait for one year degraded crude oil, phenanthrene, and hexadecane. Bacteria were better degraders at high-temperature (55 degrees C) than fungi, especially in the drier, hotter months. Depending on the period of sampling, bacteria degraded hydrocarbons in the range of 46-86% (crude oil), 42-100% (hexadecane) and 5-58% (phenanthrene). Fungi alone accounted for degradation by 20-81% (crude oil), 30-95% (hexadecane) and less than 55% (phenanthrene).
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Affiliation(s)
- C O Obuekwe
- Microbiology Division, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Safat 13060, Kuwait
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48
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Al-Awadi S, Afzal M, Oommen S. Studies on Bacillus stearothermophilus. Part 1. Transformation of progesterone to a new metabolite 9,10-seco-4-pregnene-3,9,20-trione. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2001; 78:493-8. [PMID: 11738559 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-0760(01)00115-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
When Bacillus stearothermophilus, a thermophilic bacterium isolated from the Kuwaiti desert, was incubated with exogenous progesterone for 24 h, three monohydroxylated metabolites were produced. 20alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone was the major metabolite produced in 60.8 relative percentage yield. The other two monohydroxylated metabolites were identified as 6beta-hydroxyprogesterone and the rare 6alpha-hydroxyprogesterone in 21.0 and 13.6 relative percentage yields, respectively. A new metabolite 9,10-seco-4-pregnene-3,9,20-trione was isolated in 3.7 relative percentage yield. All metabolites were purified by preparative TLC and HPLC followed by their identification using 1H, 13C NMR and other spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Al-Awadi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Program, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait.
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49
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Al-Sharidah A, Richardt A, Golecki JR, Dierstein R, Tadros MH. Isolation and characterization of two hydrocarbon-degrading Bacillus subtilis strains from oil contaminated soil of Kuwait. Microbiol Res 2000; 155:157-64. [PMID: 11061184 DOI: 10.1016/s0944-5013(00)80029-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two strains of hydrocarbon-utilizing bacteria were isolated from soil samples of the Kuwait Burqan oil field at a temperature of 37 degrees C. The bacteria were motile endospore-forming rods with slight differences in their metabolic patterns and 16S rRNA sequence. Vegetative cells of the strains designated as AHI and AHII had an ultrastructure typical of gram-positive bacteria and showed gram-positive staining. The bacteria did not show pigmentation. Best growth was observed at 37 degrees C at neutral pH and NaCl concentrations in the range of 5-10 g per l. Both strains were obligatory aerobic and developed on synthetic media with either Diesel fuel, n-decan or naphthalene as the sole carbon and energy source. No specific growth factors were required. On the basis of their morphological, physiological and biochemical features, as well as their 16S rRNA analysis and electron microscope study, both strains were assigned to the species of Bacillus subtilis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Al-Sharidah
- Institut für Biologie II--Mikrobiologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Germany
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50
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al-Awadhi S, Welch SG, Smith KE, Williams RA. BstB7SI (R decreases CCGGY), a thermostable isoschizomer of Cfr10I, from a strain of Bacillus stearothermophilus isolated from oil-contaminated soil in Kuwait. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1998; 160:205-8. [PMID: 9532739 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1998.tb12912.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolates of thermophilic bacteria from desert soil in Kuwait, heavily contaminated with crude oil, have been screened for the presence of restriction endonuclease activity. One of the isolates (B7S), identified as Bacillus stearothermophilus, showed a high level of restriction endonuclease activity when a cell-free extract was incubated with lambda bacteriophage DNA at 65 degrees C. A type II restriction endonuclease (BstB7SI) has been partially purified from this isolate. BstB7SI recognises the six-base sequence RCCGGY (R = A or G; Y = T or C) and hydrolyses the phosphodiester bond in both strands of the DNA substrate between the first and second bases of the recognition sequence 5'-R decreases CCGGY-3'producing four-base 5' overhangs. BstB7SI is therefore an isoschizomer of the mesophilic prototype restriction endonuclease Cfr10I. BstB7SI has a pH optimum of 9.7, requires 10 mM MgCl2 and 75 mM NaCl for maximum activity, and retains full enzyme activity when incubated for 5 min at temperatures up to 70 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- S al-Awadhi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, St Bartholomew's, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London, UK
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