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Park J, Lee J, Hur Y, Kim CJ, Kim HB, Um D, Kim DS, Lee JY, Park S, Park Y, Kim TK, Im SH, Kim SW, Kwok SK, Lee Y. ETV5 promotes lupus pathogenesis and follicular helper T cell differentiation by inducing osteopontin expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2322009121. [PMID: 38843187 PMCID: PMC11181037 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2322009121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Follicular helper T (TFH) cells mediate germinal center reactions to generate high affinity antibodies against specific pathogens, and their excessive production is associated with the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). ETV5, a member of the ETS transcription factor family, promotes TFH cell differentiation in mice. In this study, we examined the role of ETV5 in the pathogenesis of lupus in mice and humans. T cell-specific deletion of Etv5 alleles ameliorated TFH cell differentiation and autoimmune phenotypes in lupus mouse models. Further, we identified SPP1 as an ETV5 target that promotes TFH cell differentiation in both mice and humans. Notably, extracellular osteopontin (OPN) encoded by SPP1 enhances TFH cell differentiation by activating the CD44-AKT signaling pathway. Furthermore, ETV5 and SPP1 levels were increased in CD4+ T cells from patients with SLE and were positively correlated with disease activity. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that ETV5 is a lupus-promoting transcription factor, and secreted OPN promotes TFH cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiho Park
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongeun Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunjung Hur
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Johng Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Bit Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahun Um
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Da Som Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Yong Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Park
- Department of Convergent Research of Emerging Virus Infection, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjae Park
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Kyung Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Hyeog Im
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Kim
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Ki Kwok
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoontae Lee
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk37673, Republic of Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul03722, Republic of Korea
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Rivera-Cameras A, Gallegos-Arreola MP, Morán-Moguel MC, Salazar-Páramo M, Alcaraz-López MF, Echeverría-González G, Topete-Reyes JF, Franco-Chávez SA, Dávalos-Rodríguez IP. Association of the rs1126616 and rs9138 Variants in the SPP1 Gene among Mexican Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1000. [PMID: 38256074 PMCID: PMC10816335 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem disease considered a prototype of the main autoimmune disease and presents serious complications, such as lupus nephritis (LN), which generates a significant impact on morbidity and mortality. The SPP1 gene encodes the osteopontin (OPN) protein, which plays a crucial role in the regulation of inflammation and immunity. The variants rs1126616 and rs9138 of this gene have been associated with the inflammatory response. The study aims to analyze the association of the rs1126616 and rs9138 variants of the SPP1 gene in SLE Mexican-Mestizo patients without LN (SLE-LN). In this cross-sectional study, a total of 171 genomic DNA samples from SLE patients were clinically confirmed, of which 111 were SLE without LN, 60 were SLE with LN, and 100 healthy individuals were included as reference group. The rs1126616 variant was genotyped using PCR-RFLPs, and the rs9138 variant was genotyped using qPCR TaqMan. The TT genotype, the recessive model [OR 2.76 (95% CI 1.31-5.82), p = 0.011], and the T allele [OR 2.0 (95% CI 1.26-3.16), p = 0.003] of the rs1126616 variant are risk factors for SLE with LN. By contrast, the rs9138 variant did not show statistically significant differences among SLE patients stratified by LN. In our study of SLE Mexican-Mestizo patients with and without NL, demographic and clinical characteristics do not differ from other SLE populations, and the TT genotype of the rs1126616 variant of the SPP1 gene confers a risk factor for the presentation of LN. Otherwise, the rs9138 variant did not show association with NL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Rivera-Cameras
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (A.R.-C.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Martha Patricia Gallegos-Arreola
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (A.R.-C.); (M.P.G.-A.)
| | - María Cristina Morán-Moguel
- Departamento de Biología Molecular y Genómica, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Mario Salazar-Páramo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Miriam Fabiola Alcaraz-López
- Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital General Regional 46, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44910, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Echeverría-González
- Servicio de Reumatología, Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44329, Mexico;
| | - Jorge Fernando Topete-Reyes
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Regional 46, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44910, Mexico;
| | - Sergio Adalberto Franco-Chávez
- Departamento de Salud Pública, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico;
| | - Ingrid Patricia Dávalos-Rodríguez
- División de Genética, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico; (A.R.-C.); (M.P.G.-A.)
- Doctorado en Genética Humana, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
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3
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Lee YH, Song GG. Associations Between Osteopontin Variants and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:277-283. [PMID: 37695811 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2023.0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Osteopontin (OPN) increases T-cell proliferation, interferon production, and CD40 ligand expression, which leads to B-cell proliferation and antibody production. This study was designed to determine whether OPN variants are associated with susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus [SLE]. Methods: We searched the Medline, Embase, and KoreaMed databases for available articles. We performed a meta-analysis on the association of OPN 707 T/C (rs1126616) at exon 6, 1083 G/A (rs112772) at the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), 1239 C/A (rs9138) at 3'-UTR, and 9250 T/C (rs11229919) variants in exon 7 with susceptibility to SLE. Results: Ten studies from 9 articles with 2175 SLE patients and 3233 controls were included. The meta-analysis showed a significant association between SLE and the 707 T allele of the OPN 707 T/C variant (odds ratio [OR] = 1.522, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.101-2.105, p = 0.044). Stratification by ethnicity indicated an association between the OPN 707 T/C variant and SLE in European and Arab populations. The meta-analysis also revealed a significant association between the OPN 9250 C allele and SLE in the Asian and Arab populations. A significant association was also identified between the +1239 C allele of the OPN 1239 C/A variant and SLE (OR = 1.192, 95% CI = 1.008-1.410, p = 0.040). The meta-analysis indicated no allelic association between SLE and OPN 1083 G/A and the OPN 1239 C/A variants. Conclusions: The OPN 707 T/C variant is associated with SLE susceptibility in European and Arab populations and the OPN 9250 T/C variant is associated with SLE susceptibility in Asian and Arab populations. In addition, associations were found between the OPN 1239 C/A variant and SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Ho Lee
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Gwan Gyu Song
- Department of Rheumatology, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Sinha SK, Mellody M, Carpio MB, Damoiseaux R, Nicholas SB. Osteopontin as a Biomarker in Chronic Kidney Disease. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1356. [PMID: 37239027 PMCID: PMC10216241 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11051356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a ubiquitously expressed protein with a wide range of physiological functions, including roles in bone mineralization, immune regulation, and wound healing. OPN has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD) where it promotes inflammation and fibrosis and regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism. OPN expression is increased in the kidneys, blood, and urine of patients with CKD, particularly in those with diabetic kidney disease and glomerulonephritis. The full-length OPN protein is cleaved by various proteases, including thrombin, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3, MMP-7, cathepsin-D, and plasmin, producing N-terminal OPN (ntOPN), which may have more detrimental effects in CKD. Studies suggest that OPN may serve as a biomarker in CKD, and while more research is needed to fully evaluate and validate OPN and ntOPN as CKD biomarkers, the available evidence suggests that they are promising candidates for further investigation. Targeting OPN may be a potential treatment strategy. Several studies show that inhibition of OPN expression or activity can attenuate kidney injury and improve kidney function. In addition to its effects on kidney function, OPN has been linked to cardiovascular disease, which is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyesh K. Sinha
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
- Division of Endocrinology, Molecular Medicine and Metabolism, Charles R. Drew University of Science and Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
| | - Michael Mellody
- Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Maria Beatriz Carpio
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Robert Damoiseaux
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
| | - Susanne B. Nicholas
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA;
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Baseline Plasma Osteopontin Protein Elevation Predicts Adverse Outcomes in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients. Viruses 2023; 15:v15030630. [PMID: 36992339 PMCID: PMC10054745 DOI: 10.3390/v15030630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
More than three years have passed since the first case, and COVID-19 is still a health concern, with several open issues such as the lack of reliable predictors of a patient’s outcome. Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in inflammatory response to infection and in thrombosis driven by chronic inflammation, thus being a potential biomarker for COVID-19. The aim of the study was to evaluate OPN for predicting negative (death or need of ICU admission) or positive (discharge and/or clinical resolution within the first 14 days of hospitalization) outcome. We enrolled 133 hospitalized, moderate-to-severe COVID-19 patients in a prospective observational study between January and May 2021. Circulating OPN levels were measured by ELISA at admission and at day 7. The results showed a significant correlation between higher plasma concentrations of OPN at hospital admission and a worsening clinical condition. At multivariate analysis, after correction for demographic (age and gender) and variables of disease severity (NEWS2 and PiO2/FiO2), OPN measured at baseline predicted an adverse prognosis with an odds ratio of 1.01 (C.I. 1.0–1.01). At ROC curve analysis, baseline OPN levels higher than 437 ng/mL predicted a severe disease evolution with 53% sensitivity and 83% specificity (area under the curve 0.649, p = 0.011, likelihood ratio of 1.76, (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35–2.28)). Our data show that OPN levels determined at the admission to hospital wards might represent a promising biomarker for early stratification of patients’ COVID-19 severity. Taken together, these results highlight the involvement of OPN in COVID-19 evolution, especially in dysregulated immune response conditions, and the possible use of OPN measurements as a prognostic tool in COVID-19.
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Cheng Y, Li Y, Scherer N, Grundner-Culemann F, Lehtimäki T, Mishra BH, Raitakari OT, Nauck M, Eckardt KU, Sekula P, Schultheiss UT. Genetics of osteopontin in patients with chronic kidney disease: The German Chronic Kidney Disease study. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010139. [PMID: 35385482 PMCID: PMC9015153 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), encoded by SPP1, is a phosphorylated glycoprotein predominantly synthesized in kidney tissue. Increased OPN mRNA and protein expression correlates with proteinuria, reduced creatinine clearance, and kidney fibrosis in animal models of kidney disease. But its genetic underpinnings are incompletely understood. We therefore conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of OPN in a European chronic kidney disease (CKD) population. Using data from participants of the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study (N = 4,897), a GWAS (minor allele frequency [MAF]≥1%) and aggregated variant testing (AVT, MAF<1%) of ELISA-quantified serum OPN, adjusted for age, sex, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) was conducted. In the project, GCKD participants had a mean age of 60 years (SD 12), median eGFR of 46 mL/min/1.73m2 (p25: 37, p75: 57) and median UACR of 50 mg/g (p25: 9, p75: 383). GWAS revealed 3 loci (p<5.0E-08), two of which replicated in the population-based Young Finns Study (YFS) cohort (p<1.67E-03): rs10011284, upstream of SPP1 encoding the OPN protein and related to OPN production, and rs4253311, mapping into KLKB1 encoding prekallikrein (PK), which is processed to kallikrein (KAL) implicated through the kinin-kallikrein system (KKS) in blood pressure control, inflammation, blood coagulation, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. The SPP1 gene was also identified by AVT (p = 2.5E-8), comprising 7 splice-site and missense variants. Among others, downstream analyses revealed colocalization of the OPN association signal at SPP1 with expression in pancreas tissue, and at KLKB1 with various plasma proteins in trans, and with phenotypes (bone disorder, deep venous thrombosis) in human tissue. In summary, this GWAS of OPN levels revealed two replicated associations. The KLKB1 locus connects the function of OPN with PK, suggestive of possible further post-translation processing of OPN. Further studies are needed to elucidate the complex role of OPN within human (patho)physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurong Cheng
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yong Li
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nora Scherer
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine (SGBM), University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Grundner-Culemann
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Binisha H. Mishra
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Finnish Cardiovascular Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, Tampere, Finland
| | - Olli T. Raitakari
- Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
- Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku Finland
| | - Matthias Nauck
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité, University-Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peggy Sekula
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ulla T. Schultheiss
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Medicine IV, Nephrology and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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Xu C, Wu Y, Liu N. Osteopontin in autoimmune disorders: current knowledge and future perspective. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:385-396. [PMID: 35235108 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00932-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional cytokine and adhesion molecule, as well as an unusual regulator for both innate and adaptive immune responses. Several immune cells can produce OPN, including dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and T lymphocytes. OPN expression is reported to be increased in a wide range of disorders, including autoimmunity, cancer, and allergy. The overexpression of OPN in several autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS), Type 1 diabetes (T1D), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Sjögren's, and myasthenia gravis, have been shown to be correlated with disease severity. Regarding the important regulatory roles of OPN in the immune system, this study aimed to review the role of this molecule in autoimmune disorders and to provide a complete view of the current knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Canhua Xu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No. 16, Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yaohong Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No. 16, Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People's Hospital, No. 16, Meiguan Avenue, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou, 341000, Jiangxi, China.
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8
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Metwally RM, Hasan AS, R ESG. Association of Osteopontin gene single nucleotide polymorphism with lupus nephritis. Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:571-575. [PMID: 35218609 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM To determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphism at 9250 C/T in exon 7 of the Osteopontin (OPN) gene among Egyptian patients with lupus nephritis (LN) and healthy controls and assess its relation with clinical and laboratory features in addition to both activity and chronicity indices in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD The study population includes 100 patients with LN and 100 age- and gender-matched controls. OPN gene 9250 C/T polymorphism was detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS We observed a significant difference in the frequencies of the OPN gene 9250 T allele between the patients with LN and the controls (74.5% vs 57.5%, P < .001); also, TT and CT + TT genotypes showed significant differences in frequencies between LN patients versus controls (59% vs 35% P = .005 and 90% vs. 80% P = .048, respectively). We also observed a non-significant association between OPN gene 9250 genotypes and each of the laboratory data and clinical features in addition to activity and chronicity indices in all studied LN patients. There were no statistically significant increased TT and CT + TT genotypes and T allele frequencies in LN patients with renal failure compared to those without renal failure. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only OPN (CT + TT) genotype could predict LN development in Egyptian patients. CONCLUSION TT and CT + TT genotypes and T alleles of OPN 9250 are considered risk factors for LN development in Egyptian systemic lupus erythematosus patients. However, these genotypes showed no association with each laboratory data and clinical feature or activity and chronicity indices in these patients. OPN 9250 (CT + TT) genotype could be used to predict LN development in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M Metwally
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S Hasan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Immunology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed G R
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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9
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Mortazavi SE, Lugaajju A, Kaddumukasa M, Tijani MK, Kironde F, Persson KEM. Osteopontin and malaria: no direct effect on parasite growth, but correlation with P. falciparum-specific B cells and BAFF in a malaria endemic area. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:307. [PMID: 34742229 PMCID: PMC8571855 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The dysregulation of B cell activation is prevalent during naturally acquired immunity against malaria. Osteopontin (OPN), a protein produced by various cells including B cells, is a phosphorylated glycoprotein that participates in immune regulation and has been suggested to be involved in the immune response against malaria. Here we studied the longitudinal concentrations of OPN in infants and their mothers living in Uganda, and how OPN concentrations correlated with B cell subsets specific for P. falciparum and B cell activating factor (BAFF). We also investigated the direct effect of OPN on P. falciparum in vitro. Results The OPN concentration was higher in the infants compared to the mothers, and OPN concentration in infants decreased from birth until 9 months. OPN concentration in infants during 9 months were independent of OPN concentrations in corresponding mothers. OPN concentrations in infants were inversely correlated with total atypical memory B cells (MBCs) as well as P. falciparum-specific atypical MBCs. There was a positive correlation between OPN and BAFF concentrations in both mothers and infants. When OPN was added to P. falciparum cultured in vitro, parasitemia was unaffected regardless of OPN concentration. Conclusions The concentrations of OPN in infants were higher and independent of the OPN concentrations in corresponding mothers. In vitro, OPN does not have a direct effect on P. falciparum growth. Our correlation analysis results suggest that OPN could have a role in the B cell immune response and acquisition of natural immunity against malaria. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12866-021-02368-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne E Mortazavi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Allan Lugaajju
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mark Kaddumukasa
- College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Muyideen Kolapo Tijani
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.,Cellular Parasitology Program, Cell Biology and Genetics Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Fred Kironde
- Habib Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Islamic University in Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kristina E M Persson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden.
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Kaleta B, Lachota M, Łukaszkiewicz J, Woźniacka A, Bogaczewicz J. Osteopontin Gene Polymorphisms rs1126616 C>T and rs1126772 A>G are Associated with Atopic Dermatitis in Polish Population. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2021; 14:417-425. [PMID: 34675603 PMCID: PMC8502056 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s323735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, relapsing inflammatory disease, caused by environmental and genetic factors, which lead to immunological abnormalities. Osteopontin (OPN), also named secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1), is a protein involved in the pathogenesis of numerous autoimmune and inflammatory conditions. However, its role in AD has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we aim to gain an insight into the role of OPN in AD pathogenesis through investigating its gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their possible associations with disease clinical features. Patients and Methods A total of 182 Caucasian participants (45 AD patients and 137 gender- and age-matched controls) were studied. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples. Genotyping for the rs1126616 C>T, rs1126772 A>G, rs9138 A>C, and rs3841116 T>G SNPs was performed by real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The frequency of the minor TT genotype and the T allele of rs1126616 C>T was higher in AD patients compared to controls (P = 0.019, OD = 4.86, 95% CI = 1.46–16.20, and P = 0.047, OR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.04–3.00, respectively) and was associated with the higher prevalence of asthma (P = 0.017, OR = 3.73, 95% CI = 0.71–19.67, and P = 0.004, OR = 3.96, 95% CI = 1.53–10.25, respectively). Likewise, the minor GG genotype and the G allele of rs1126772 A>G were more frequent in AD patients (P = 0.026, OR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.29–8.33, and P = 0.013, OR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.18–3.21, respectively) and were associated with the increased incidence of asthma (P = 0.016, OR = 5.06, 95% CI = 1.14–22.49, and P = 0.002, OR = 4.40, 95% CI = 1.71–11.35, respectively). Furthermore, haplotype frequency estimation determined the four-loci haplotype TGCT, as a significant risk factor for AD compared to controls (P = 0.031, OR = 9.48, 95% CI = 1.23–71.91). Conclusion Our results suggest that the variation in the OPN gene might be associated with AD and increased incidence of asthma in Caucasians. Further studies should be conducted to look into the possible role of OPN as a biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieszko Lachota
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Doctoral School, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Łukaszkiewicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Woźniacka
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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11
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Kaleta B. Osteopontin and Transplantation: Where Are We Now? Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2021; 69:15. [PMID: 34019147 PMCID: PMC8139897 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-021-00617-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Organ transplantation represents the optimal therapeutic tool for patients with end-stage organ failure. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is likewise an effective therapy for a wide range of malignant and non-malignant diseases. Better understanding of transplantation immunology and the use of multi-modal immunosuppression protocols, can decrease the risk of graft failure and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after HSCT. Nevertheless, a major challenge of modern transplantology still seems to be finding non-invasive biomarkers for recipients selection, monitoring of allograft function, and diagnosis of rejection. Since proinflammatory cytokine osteopontin (OPN) is closely involved in regulating both adaptive and innate immune responses, as well as the pathogenesis of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, it is likely to play an important role in organ and HSC transplantation. This review is to summarize recent advances in our knowledge about OPN function in the kidney, heart, liver, lung, and HSC transplantation. Most studies found that elevated OPN is associated with poorer graft function in kidney, heart, liver and lung recipients. Moreover, some reports suggested that this protein can play role in GVHD pathogenesis. However, due to relatively small number of similar studies, as well as some inconclusive results, future investigation in this field is needed to verify if OPN can serve as a biomarker of organ and HSC transplantation. The knowledge about such markers will promote our understanding of the mechanisms underlying graft dysfunction and posttransplant mortality. In addition, such knowledge may be helpful in the development of new treatment strategies and identification of recipients with increased risk of allograft failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Nowogrodzka 59 St., 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.
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12
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Ohlsson M, Hellmark T, Bengtsson AA, Theander E, Turesson C, Klint C, Wingren C, Ekstrand AI. Proteomic Data Analysis for Differential Profiling of the Autoimmune Diseases SLE, RA, SS, and ANCA-Associated Vasculitis. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:1252-1260. [PMID: 33356304 PMCID: PMC7872503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
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Early
and correct diagnosis of inflammatory rheumatic diseases
(IRD) poses a clinical challenge due to the multifaceted nature of
symptoms, which also may change over time. The aim of this study was
to perform protein expression profiling of four systemic IRDs, systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE), ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (SV),
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS),
and healthy controls to identify candidate biomarker signatures for
differential classification. A total of 316 serum samples collected
from patients with SLE, RA, SS, or SV and from healthy controls were
analyzed using 394-plex recombinant antibody microarrays. Differential
protein expression profiling was examined using Wilcoxon signed rank
test, and condensed biomarker panels were identified using advanced
bioinformatics and state-of-the art classification algorithms to pinpoint
signatures reflecting each disease (raw data set available at https://figshare.com/s/3bd3848a28ef6e7ae9a9.). In this study, we were able to classify the included individual
IRDs with high accuracy, as demonstrated by the ROC area under the
curve (ROC AUC) values ranging between 0.96 and 0.80. In addition,
the groups of IRDs could be separated from healthy controls at an
ROC AUC value of 0.94. Disease-specific candidate biomarker signatures
and general autoimmune signature were identified, including several
deregulated analytes. This study supports the rationale of using multiplexed
affinity-based technologies to reflect the biological complexity of
autoimmune diseases. A multiplexed approach for decoding multifactorial
complex diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, will play a significant
role for future diagnostic purposes, essential to prevent severe organ-
and tissue-related damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Ohlsson
- Computational Biology & Biological Physics, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 14A, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.,Center for Applied Intelligent Systems Research (CAISR), Halmstad University, Halmstad SE-301 18, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hellmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Nephrology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-221 85, Sweden
| | - Anders A Bengtsson
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.,Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö SE-214 28, Sweden
| | - Elke Theander
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Carl Turesson
- Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö SE-214 28, Sweden.,Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö SE-221 00, Sweden
| | | | - Christer Wingren
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden
| | - Anna Isinger Ekstrand
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden
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13
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The Roles of Osteopontin in the Pathogenesis of West Nile Encephalitis. Vaccines (Basel) 2020; 8:vaccines8040748. [PMID: 33317005 PMCID: PMC7768535 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines8040748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN), a multifunctional protein encoded by the secreted phosphoprotein-1 (Spp-1) gene in humans, plays important roles in a variety of physiological conditions, such as biomineralization, bone remodeling and immune functions. OPN also has significant roles in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, allergy and inflammatory diseases, as well as bacterial, fungal and viral infections. West Nile virus (WNV), a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus, is the leading agent for viral encephalitis in North America. Recent progress has been made in understanding both the biological functions of OPN and the pathogenesis of WNV. In this review article, we have summarized the current understanding of the biology of OPN and its vital roles in the pathogenesis of WNV encephalitis.
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14
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Zhao J, Jing J, Zhao W, Li X, Hou L, Zheng C, Kong Q, Li W, Yao X, Chang L, Li H, Mu L, Wang G, Wang J. Osteopontin exacerbates the progression of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by affecting the differentiation of T cell subsets. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106335. [PMID: 32109680 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional extracellular matrix phosphoprotein that has a specific and complicated structure, and contributes to numerous physiological and pathological activities. The mechanism of OPN in many diseases has been confirmed; however, the role of OPN in myasthenia gravis (MG) remains unclear. In this study, we recombined rat OPN protein in vitro, and assessed how OPN affects the development of autoimmunity using an experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) rat model. The results showed that the concentration of OPN in serum was up-regulated. Both mRNA and protein levels in splenocytes increased in the EAMG model. OPN treatment in vitro strongly promoted the differentiation of Th1 cells, and inhibited the differentiation of Treg cells. Intraperitoneal injection of OPN revealed the early incidence of EAMG, and more serious disease. This effect was accompanied by an increased percentage of Th1 cells. In conclusion, OPN likely exacerbates the pathogenesis of EAMG by promoting the differentiation of Th1 cells and inhibiting the differentiation of Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Jia Jing
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xinrong Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Lixuan Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Chunfeng Zheng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang 161000, China
| | - Qingfei Kong
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Wenjin Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xiuhua Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Neurosurgical Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Lulu Chang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Hulun Li
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Lili Mu
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Preservation of Human Genetic Resources and Disease Control in China, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
| | - Guangyou Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurobiology, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
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15
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Surace AEA, Hedrich CM. The Role of Epigenetics in Autoimmune/Inflammatory Disease. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1525. [PMID: 31333659 PMCID: PMC6620790 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, systemic self-inflammatory conditions were classified as either autoinflammatory and caused by the innate immune system or autoimmune and driven by adaptive immune responses. However, it became clear that reality is much more complex and that autoimmune/inflammatory conditions range along an “inflammatory spectrum” with primarily autoinflammatory vs. autoimmune conditions resembling extremes at either end. Epigenetic modifications influence gene expression and alter cellular functions without modifying the genomic sequence. Methylation of CpG DNA dinucleotides and/or their hydroxymethylation, post-translational modifications to amino termini of histone proteins, and non-coding RNA expression are main epigenetic events. The pathophysiology of autoimmune/inflammatory diseases has been closely linked with disease causing gene mutations (rare) or a combination of genetic susceptibility and epigenetic modifications arising from exposure to the environment (more common). Over recent years, progress has been made in understanding molecular mechanisms involved in systemic inflammation and the contribution of innate and adaptive immune responses. Epigenetic events have been identified as (i) central pathophysiological factors in addition to genetic disease predisposition and (ii) as co-factors determining clinical pictures and outcomes in individuals with monogenic disease. Thus, a complete understanding of epigenetic contributors to autoimmune/inflammatory disease will result in approaches to predict individual disease outcomes and the introduction of effective, target-directed, and tolerable therapies. Here, we summarize recent findings that signify the importance of epigenetic modifications in autoimmune/inflammatory disorders along the inflammatory spectrum choosing three examples: the autoinflammatory bone condition chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), the “mixed pattern” disorder psoriasis, and the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Elisa Andrea Surace
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Christian M Hedrich
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Department of Paediatric Rheumatology, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,Pädiatrische Rheumatologie, Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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16
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Ketabi Y, Nasiri S, Kheirodin M, Tavakolpour S, Mozafari N. The elevated level of osteopontin in patients with pemphigus vulgaris: A cytokine-like protein with a therapeutic potential. Dermatol Ther 2019; 32:e12973. [PMID: 31136685 DOI: 10.1111/dth.12973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a life-threatening autoimmune disease with no certain treatment. Anticytokine therapy is being increasingly discussed in multiple autoimmune diseases. Osteopontin (OPN) is a glycoprotein produced by a variety of immune cells. Increased OPN serum levels have been reported in several autoimmune diseases, with targeting OPN considered as a promising therapy in these diseases. However, the role of OPN in PV has not been well studied so far. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether OPN level is elevated in PV patients in the active stage of the disease and to examine its possible relationship with disease severity and anti-desmoglein (anti-Dsg) antibodies levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 53 consecutive subjects affected by PV and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Clinical characteristics and Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) were assessed. Serum OPN levels (pg/mL) and anti-Dsg antibodies were also measured. RESULTS The serum OPN level of the patient group proved to be statistically higher than that of the control group (11.08 ± 5.24 vs 8.47 ± 5.68; p = .02). No significant relationship were detected between the serum OPN level and anti-Dsg1 or anti-Dsg3 antibodies (r = 0.1, p = .2 and r = 0.1, p = .4), respectively. In addition, no correlation was found between serum OPN levels and severity of PV as measured by ABSIS (r = 0.08 and p = .5). CONCLUSION The growth observed in OPN levels in pemphigus patients suggests the role of OPN in pemphigus pathogenesis, but there is a need for more extensive studies to show how OPN can be associated with the PV pathogenesis and whether OPN could be used as an important therapeutic target in pemphigus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Ketabi
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Nasiri
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maedeh Kheirodin
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheil Tavakolpour
- Autoimmune Bullous Diseases Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nikoo Mozafari
- Skin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Dermatology, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Del Prete A, Scutera S, Sozzani S, Musso T. Role of osteopontin in dendritic cell shaping of immune responses. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 50:19-28. [PMID: 31126876 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced both by immune and non-immune cells and active on different cellular targets. OPN production has been associated with several pathological conditions, including autoimmune diseases (e.g. lupus, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis) and cancer. Emerging evidence suggests that the role of OPN has been underestimated, as it seems to be working at multiple levels of immune regulation, such as the shaping of T cell effector responses, the regulation of the tumor microenvironment, and the functional interaction with mesenchymal stromal cells. In this context, dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role being both an important source and a cellular target for OPN action. DC family is composed by several cell subsets endowed with specific immune functions. OPN exerts its biological functions through multiple receptors and is produced in different intracellular and secreted forms. OPN production by DC subsets is emerging as a crucial mechanism of regulation in normal and pathological conditions and starts to be exploited as a therapeutic target. This review will focus on the role of DC-derived OPN in shaping immune response and on the complex role of this cytokines in the regulation in immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Del Prete
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; Humanitas Clinical and Research Center-IRCCS Rozzano-Milano, Italy
| | - Sara Scutera
- Microbiology section, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvano Sozzani
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Musso
- Microbiology section, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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18
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Carbone F, Dallegri F, Montecucco F, Poggi A, Nobili FM, Cacciapaglia F, Afeltra A, Moccetti T, Colombo BM. Serum osteopontin negatively impacts on intima-media thickness in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Clin Invest 2019; 49:e13089. [PMID: 30767212 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound evaluation of carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) has been extensively used for potentially improving cardiovascular (CV) risk stratification in several patients' categories. Subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have been investigated by both imaging and molecular biomarker approaches with contrasting results. Here, we focused on the role of osteopontin (OPN) as biomarker of subclinical atherosclerosis associated with SLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eighty females (age 18-65 years) affected by SLE and eighty age-matched healthy female controls without a clinical history of CV disease underwent ultrasound evaluation of cIMT and blood sample assay of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and OPN. RESULTS Healthy controls and SLE patients significantly differed for CV risk factors (ie, waist circumference, hypertension and dyslipidaemia) and the inflammatory status. Noteworthy, an opposite association between cIMT and OPN was observed in the two study groups. Whereas OPN was positively associated with mean cIMT (r = 0.364; P = 0.001) in SLE patients, a negative correlation was found in healthy controls. Furthermore, in SLE patients increased circulating levels of OPN were associated with the use of hydroxychloroquine and the positivity for the anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. At linear regression analysis, only OPN remained independently associated with cIMT also after adjustment for age, smoking pack-year, Heart SCORE, disease length and steroid therapy length. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that serum OPN levels were strongly associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with LES and it might be a useful CV biomarker that requires additional validation in larger trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Carbone
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Dallegri
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy.,First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Flavio Mariano Nobili
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy.,Clinical Neurology, Department of Neuroscience (DINOGMI), University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Fabio Cacciapaglia
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Emergency and Organs Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Afeltra
- Unit of Allergology, Immunology, Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Tiziano Moccetti
- Cellular and Molecular Cardiology Laboratory, Cardiocentro Ticino Foundation and Swiss Institute for Regenerative Medicine (SIRM), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Barbara M Colombo
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascolar Network, Genoa, Italy
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19
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Wang J, Huang J, Zhu M, Chen S, Chen C, Miao C, He H, Song Y. Osteopontin potentiates PM-induced IL-1α and IL-1β production via the ERK/JNK signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 171:467-474. [PMID: 30639873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter (PM) poses a great threat to global health and contributes to pulmonary inflammation. However, the potential mechanism of PM-induced inflammation of the lung remains unclear. Osteopontin (OPN) is a multifunctional protein that reportedly regulates inflammatory responses in different diseases. Here, we explored the expression of OPN with PM exposure in vivo and in vitro and attempted to elucidate the regulatory role of OPN in PM-induced airway inflammation. Our results showed that PM exposure increased the expression of OPN in the bronchial epithelium, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of mice. Moreover, PM induced OPN expression in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) in a dose and time-dependent manner. In vitro, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1α and IL-1β were increased in HBECs with PM exposure via the ERK and JNK signaling pathways. Recombinant human OPN could potentiate PM-induced expression of IL-1α and IL-1β, while OPN siRNA could alleviate PM-induced inflammatory responses in HBECs. Furthermore, we showed that OPN regulated PM-induced inflammatory cytokines via the ERK and JNK pathways in HBECs. This study shows for the first time the positive effect of OPN on PM-induced airway inflammation and contributes to a better understanding of its potential mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jianan Huang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Mengchan Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Shujing Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Changhong Miao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No.270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hong He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, No.270 Dongan Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No.180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200030, China.
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20
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Kocak M, Akarsu E, Korkmaz H, Taysi S. THE EFFECT OF ANTITHYROID DRUGS ON OSTEOPONTIN AND OXIDATIVE STRESS IN GRAVES' DISEASE. ACTA ENDOCRINOLOGICA (BUCHAREST, ROMANIA : 2005) 2019; 15:221-224. [PMID: 31508180 PMCID: PMC6711651 DOI: 10.4183/aeb.2019.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of methimazole (MTZ) and propylthiouracil (PTU) treatments on osteopontin (OPN) and oxidative stress in Graves' disease (GD). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 60 cases with GD in hyperthyroid state and taking no antithyroid treatment, and 30 healthy volunteers. GD patients were randomly separated into two groups; 30 of them took PTU, and the other 30 took MTZ treatments. Blood samples were taken from the patients with GD before the treatment, and three months after the treatment was begun, when they were in the euthyroid state; blood samples of the healthy control subjects were also taken at these times. RESULTS TAS and OSI levels before treatment were significantly higher in the GD group, when compared to the control group (p<0.001, for each). GD subjects taking PTU treatment had significantly higher TAS levels (p=0.001), and significantly lower TOS and OSI levels (p=0.008 and p=0.001, respectively). TAS levels significantly decreased in the patients taking MTZ treatment (p=0.029), but TOS and OSI levels did not change significantly (p>0.05). Pretreatment OPN levels were significantly higher in GD patients, when compared to the control group (p=0.014). OPN level significantly decreased in the GD group taking PTU treatment; however OPN levels in the group taking MTZ treatment did not change significantly when compared to the pretreatment value. CONCLUSION PTU treatment is more effective in decreasing OPN and oxidative stress in GD patients, when compared to the MTZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Kocak
- Pazarcik State Hospital, Internal Medicine, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
| | - E. Akarsu
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Sahinbey, Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - H. Korkmaz
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Isparta, Turkey
- *Correspondence to: Hakan Korkmaz, MD, Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 32100, Isparta, Turkey, E-mail:
| | - S. Taysi
- Gaziantep University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Sahinbey, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Fukushima Y, Minato N, Hattori M. The impact of senescence-associated T cells on immunosenescence and age-related disorders. Inflamm Regen 2018; 38:24. [PMID: 30603051 PMCID: PMC6304761 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-018-0082-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence is age-associated changes in the immunological functions, including diminished acquired immunity against infection, pro-inflammatory traits, and increased risk of autoimmunity. The proportions of memory-phenotype T cells in the peripheral T cell population steadily increase with age, but the relationship between this change and immunosenescent phenotypes remains elusive. Recently, we identified a minor memory-phenotype CD4+ T cell subpopulation that constitutively expressed PD-1 and CD153 as a bona fide age-dependent T cell population; we termed these cells senescence-associated T (SA-T) cells. SA-T cells exhibit characteristic features of cellular senescence, with defective T cell receptor-mediated proliferation and T cell cytokine production. However, upon T cell receptor stimulation, SA-T cells secrete abundant atypical pro-inflammatory cytokines such as osteopontin and chemokines, reminiscent of the SA-secretory phenotype. In addition to aging, SA-T cells accumulate and cause persistent inflammation in tissues following a wide range of insults including immune complex deposition, metabolic stresses, vascular damages, and tumors. In this review, we summarize the recent understanding of immunosenescence with particular focus on SA-T cells and their role in various age-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Fukushima
- 1Department of Immunosenescence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Nagahiro Minato
- 2DSK Project, Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
| | - Masakazu Hattori
- 1Department of Immunosenescence, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8507 Japan
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22
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Kaleta B. The role of osteopontin in kidney diseases. Inflamm Res 2018; 68:93-102. [PMID: 30456594 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-018-1200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN) is a pleiotropic glycoprotein expressed in various cell types in animals and in humans, including bone, immune, smooth muscle, epithelial and endothelial cells. Moreover, OPN is found in kidneys (in the thick ascending limbs of the loop of Henle and in distal nephrons) and urine. The protein plays an important role in mineralization and bone resorption. In addition, OPN is involved in the regulation of immunity and inflammation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. It was demonstrated that OPN and some OPN gene polymorphic variants are associated with the pathogenesis and progression of multiple disorders, such as cancer, autoimmune, neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, recent studies suggested that OPN is associated with the pathogenesis of renal failure. METHODS In this review, I briefly discussed the role of OPN and its gene polymorphisms in kidney physiology, as well as in various kidney diseases. FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION Most studies reported that OPN expression is elevated in urolithiasis, and also in acute and chronic kidney diseases, and in renal allograft dysfunction. Moreover, it was demonstrated that polymorphic variants of the OPN gene may be associated with renal failure. However, some reports suggested that OPN is essential for tubulogenesis, and that it inhibits calcium oxalate crystal formation and retention, nitric oxide synthesis, cell apoptosis and promotes cell regeneration. Thus, further studies are required to fully understand the role of OPN in kidney physiology and pathology. Eventually, these studies may result in the identification of OPN as a valuable marker for renal dysfunction prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Kaleta
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Transplantation Institute, Medical University of Warsaw, 59 Nowogrodzka St., 02-006, Warsaw, Poland.
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Sobhy A, Fakhry M M, A Azeem H, Ashmawy AM, Omar Khalifa H. Significance of biglycan and osteopontin as non-invasive markers of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus and chronic hepatitis C virus. J Investig Med 2018; 67:681-685. [PMID: 30385593 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2018-000840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Several studies were performed to evaluate the degree of liver fibrosis by non-invasive markers. We aimed to assess the diagnostic value of both biglycan (BGN) and osteopontin (OPN) as non-invasive markers of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and chronic hepatitis C (CHC). This study was performed on 100 patients with CHB virus, 100 patients with CHC virus and 100 normal controls. All participants were subjected to the following laboratory tests: hemoglobin, platelet, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, albumin, international normalized ratio, HBs Ag, hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody, hepatitis B virus DNA, HCV RNA, liver biopsy, BGN and OPN. We found that BGN level was significantly increased in the CHB group compared with the controls (p<0.001), but the level was not different between the CHC group and the controls (p<0.96). OPN was increased in both the CHB and CHC groups compared with the controls (p<0.001). Positive correlation was found between fibrosis stages and BGN level of the CHB group (r=0.64; p<0.001) and between fibrosis stages and OPN level of the CHB (r=0.63; p<0.001) and CHC (r=0.59; p<0.03) groups. The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity of BGN were 1.0, 100% and 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHB, and 0.50, 26% and 78% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHC. OPN had an AUC of 0.997, sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHB, and 0.974, 96.5% and 100% in predicting fibrosis in patients with CHC. In conclusion, BGN and OPN could be considered non-invasive markers for liver fibrosis assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Sobhy
- Clinical Pathology Department., Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Fakhry M
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, Faculty of Medicine., Al-Azhar University, Assiut
| | - Haitham A Azeem
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Ashmawy
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hamed Omar Khalifa
- Public Health andCommunity Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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IFN-β regulates Th17 differentiation partly through the inhibition of osteopontin in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Mol Immunol 2018; 93:20-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 10/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Wirestam L, Frodlund M, Enocsson H, Skogh T, Wetterö J, Sjöwall C. Osteopontin is associated with disease severity and antiphospholipid syndrome in well characterised Swedish cases of SLE. Lupus Sci Med 2017; 4:e000225. [PMID: 29188073 PMCID: PMC5704744 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2017-000225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective The variety of disease phenotypes among patients with SLE challenges the identification of new biomarkers reflecting disease activity and/or organ damage. Osteopontin (OPN) is an extracellular matrix protein with immunomodulating properties. Although raised levels have been reported, the pathogenic implications and clinical utility of OPN as a biomarker in SLE are far from clear. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterise OPN in SLE. Methods Sera from 240 well-characterised adult SLE cases classified according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and/or the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria, and 240 population-based controls were immunoassayed for OPN. The SLE Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) was used to evaluate disease activity and the SLICC/ACR Damage Index (SDI) to detect damage accrual. Results Serum OPN levels were in average raised fourfold in SLE cases compared with the controls (p<0.0001). OPN correlated with SLEDAI-2K, especially in patients with a disease duration of <12 months (r=0.666, p=0.028). OPN was highly associated with SDI (p<0.0001), especially in the renal (p<0.0001), cardiovascular (p<0.0001) and malignancy (p=0.012) domains. Finally, OPN associated with coherent antiphospholipid syndrome (APS; p=0.009), and both clinical and laboratory criteria of APS had significant positive impact on OPN levels. Conclusions In this cross-sectional study, circulating OPN correlates with disease activity in recent-onset SLE, reflects global organ damage and associates with APS. Longitudinal studies to dissect whether serum OPN also precedes and predicts future organ damage are most warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wirestam
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Martina Frodlund
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Helena Enocsson
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Thomas Skogh
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jonas Wetterö
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Christopher Sjöwall
- Rheumatology/Division of Neuro and Inflammation Sciences, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Osteopontin at the Crossroads of Inflammation and Tumor Progression. Mediators Inflamm 2017; 2017:4049098. [PMID: 28769537 PMCID: PMC5523273 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4049098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex interactions between tumor and host cells regulate systemic tumor dissemination, a process that begins early at the primary tumor site and goes on until tumor cells detach themselves from the tumor mass and start migrating into the blood or lymphatic vessels. Metastatic cells colonize the target organs and are capable of surviving and growing at distant sites. In this context, osteopontin (OPN) appears to be a key determinant of the crosstalk between cancer cells and the host microenvironment, which in turn modulates immune evasion. OPN is overexpressed in several human carcinomas and has been implicated in inflammation, tumor progression, and metastasis. Thus, it represents one of the most attracting targets for cancer therapy. Within the tumor mass, OPN is secreted in various forms either by the tumor itself or by stroma cells, and it can exert either pro- or antitumorigenic effects according to the cell type and tumor microenvironment. Thus, targeting OPN for therapeutic purposes needs to take into account the heterogeneous functions of the multiple OPN forms with regard to cancer formation and progression. In this review, we will describe the role of systemic, tumor-derived, and stroma-derived OPN, highlighting its pivotal role at the crossroads of inflammation and tumor progression.
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An Atypical Syndrome in an Elderly Patient With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Sjögren Syndrome, and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. Arch Rheumatol 2017; 32:250-252. [PMID: 30375531 DOI: 10.5606/archrheumatol.2017.6124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a clinico-radiological syndrome with numerous entities including hypertension, preeclampsia/ eclampsia, renal dysfunction, cytotoxic drugs, systemic infections, and autoimmune diseases. It is a rare happening in patients with autoimmune disease. In this article, we report a case of an elderly female patient having the syndrome, meanwhile, also diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, and primary biliary cirrhosis.
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Shirakawa K, Yan X, Shinmura K, Endo J, Kataoka M, Katsumata Y, Yamamoto T, Anzai A, Isobe S, Yoshida N, Itoh H, Manabe I, Sekai M, Hamazaki Y, Fukuda K, Minato N, Sano M. Obesity accelerates T cell senescence in murine visceral adipose tissue. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:4626-4639. [PMID: 27820698 DOI: 10.1172/jci88606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) precipitates the development of cardiometabolic disorders. Although changes in T cell function associated with visceral obesity are thought to affect chronic VAT inflammation, the specific features of these changes remain elusive. Here, we have determined that a high-fat diet (HFD) caused a preferential increase and accumulation of CD44hiCD62LloCD4+ T cells that constitutively express PD-1 and CD153 in a B cell-dependent manner in VAT. These cells possessed characteristics of cellular senescence and showed a strong activation of Spp1 (encoding osteopontin [OPN]) in VAT. Upon T cell receptor stimulation, these T cells also produced large amounts of OPN in a PD-1-resistant manner in vitro. The features of CD153+PD-1+CD44hiCD4+ T cells were highly reminiscent of senescence-associated CD4+ T cells that normally increase with age. Adoptive transfer of CD153+PD-1+CD44hiCD4+ T cells from HFD-fed WT, but not Spp1-deficient, mice into the VAT of lean mice fed a normal diet recapitulated the essential features of VAT inflammation and insulin resistance. Our results demonstrate that a distinct CD153+PD-1+CD44hiCD4+ T cell population that accumulates in the VAT of HFD-fed obese mice causes VAT inflammation by producing large amounts of OPN. This finding suggests a link between visceral adiposity and immune aging.
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Park EJ, Lee SJ, Lee K, Choi YC, Lee BS, Lee GH, Kim DW. Pulmonary persistence of graphene nanoplatelets may disturb physiological and immunological homeostasis. J Appl Toxicol 2016; 37:296-309. [PMID: 27440207 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accumulated evidence suggests that chronic pulmonary accumulation of harmful particles cause adverse pulmonary and systemic health effects. In our previous study, most of the graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) remained in the lung until 28 days after a single instillation. In this study, we sought to evaluate the local and systemic health effect after a long pulmonary persistence of GNP. As expected, GNP remained in the lung on day 90 after a single intratracheal instillation (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg kg-1 ). In the lung exposed at the highest dose, the total number of cells and the percentage of lymphocytes significantly increased in the BAL fluid with an increase in both the number of GNP-engulfed macrophages and the percentage of apoptotic cells. A Th1-shifted immune response, the elevated chemokine secretion and the enhanced expression of cytoskeletal-related genes were observed. Additionally, the expression of natriuretic-related genes was noteworthy altered in the lungs. Moreover, the number of white blood cells (WBC) and the percentage of macrophages and neutrophils clearly increased in the blood of mice exposed to a 5-mg kg-1 dose, whereas total protein, BUN and potassium levels significantly decreased. In conclusion, we suggest that the long persistence of GNP in the lung may cause adverse health effects by disturbing immunological- and physiological-homeostasis of our body. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Jung Park
- Myunggok Eye Research Institute, Konyang University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Korea
| | - Young Chul Choi
- Nano-Electron Creative Research Center, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Byoung-Seok Lee
- Toxicologic Pathology Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Gwang-Hee Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Wan Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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Ma R, Jiang W, Li Z, Sun Y, Wei Z. Intrarenal macrophage infiltration induced by T cells is associated with podocyte injury in lupus nephritis patients. Lupus 2016; 25:1577-1586. [PMID: 27147620 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316646861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Proteinuria is the hallmark of clinical manifestation of disease activity in lupus nephritis (LN) patients, which arises from direct or indirect podocyte injury. This study is to explore the relationship between intrarenal T cell infiltration and podocyte injury in lupus nephritis (LN), and to understand the potential mechanisms of podocyte injury induced by intrarenal T cells. Sixty renal biopsies from patients diagnosed with LN were included in the present study. Histological changes in LN patients were detected by light and electron microscopy. Podocyte-specific nephrin expression in renal tissues was detected by immunofluorescence. Infiltration of T cells (CD3+ cells), infiltration of macrophages (CD68+ cells) and the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in renal tissues were examined by immunohistochemical staining. Pearson or Spearman’s tests were used to perform correlation analysis. Morphologic lesions of podocytes were more severe in LN patients than in normal control subjects. Compared with normal control subjects, nephrin expression was significantly decreased in LN patients. The expression level of nephrin was significantly lower in active LN patients than in the inactive group of patients ( P < 0.05). Compared with normal control subjects, the number of infiltrated intrarenal T cells and macrophages was significantly increased in LN patients. T cells were mainly distributed in renal interstitium, with very few being in glomeruli, while macrophages were mainly located in glomeruli. The number of intrarenal infiltrated T cells and macrophages in active LN patients was more than that in the inactive group ( P < 0.05). Compared with normal control subjects, OPN expression in LN patients was increased significantly. The expression level of OPN in active LN patients was significantly higher than that in the inactive group ( P < 0.05). Podocyte-specific nephrin was negatively correlated with 24-hour proteinuria, intrarenal T cells infiltration and intrarenal OPN expression in LN patients ( P < 0.001). Intrarenal macrophages had significantly positive correlation with intrarenal OPN expression ( P < 0.001). The present study provides possible links between intrarenal T cells, OPN, macrophages with reduced podocyte-nephrin and podocytopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition, infiltration of macrophages in glomeruli induced by OPN that is induced by T cells may be a crucial mechanism for podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - W Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Z Wei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, PR China
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Lee YH, Song GG. Correlation between circulating osteopontin level in systemic lupus erythematosus and disease activity and associations between osteopontin polymorphisms and disease susceptibility: A meta-analysis. Lupus 2016; 26:132-138. [PMID: 27307447 DOI: 10.1177/0961203316655214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to systemically review the evidence regarding the relationship between circulating blood osteopontin (OPN) level and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), correlation between serum OPN levels and SLE activity, and association between OPN polymorphisms and SLE susceptibility. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis on the serum/plasma OPN levels in SLE patients and healthy controls, correlation coefficients between the circulating OPN level and SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) in SLE patients, and the association between OPN polymorphisms and SLE risk. Results Nine studies with 1938 SLE patients and 3037 controls were included. Meta-analysis revealed that, compared with the control group, the OPN level was significantly higher in the SLE group (SMD = 0.965, 95% CI = 0.337-1.393, p = 0.001) and in the SLE group with renal disease (SMD = 2.219, 95% CI = 0.681-3.757, p = 0.005). Meta-analysis of correlation coefficients showed a trend of positive correlation between the circulating OPN level and SLEDAI (correlation coefficient = 0.590, 95% CI = -0.025 to 0.881, p = 0.059). While no association was found between SLE and the OPN 707 T/C and 1083 G/A polymorphisms, a significant association was identified between the OPN 1239 C allele and SLE (OR = 1.192, 95% CI = 1.008-1.410, p = 0.040), and between the OPN 9250 C allele and SLE in Asians (OR = 2.070, 95% CI = 1.570-2.730, p = 2.5 × 10-7). Conclusions Our meta-analysis revealed a significantly higher circulating OPN level in SLE patients, a trend of positive correlation between OPN levels and SLE activity, and a significant association between OPN 1239 C/A and 9250 C/T polymorphisms, and SLE development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y H Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - G G Song
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Yueniwati Y, Yurina V, Sobah N, Rahayu E. Genetic variations in the osteopontin promoters T-443C and G-156GG increase carotid intima-media thickness. Int J Gen Med 2016; 9:117-22. [PMID: 27274305 PMCID: PMC4869651 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s94537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) is a clear predictor of atherosclerosis. The increase of CIMT is affected by mutations in the osteopontin (OPN) promoters. The purpose of this study was to examine genetic variations in OPN promoters T-443C and G-156GG, identified in Javanese children with ischemic stroke parents, and to investigate their relationship with the increase of CIMT. A case-control analytic study was performed on 20 case and 12 control samples. Case samples were Javanese children aged between 10 to 21 years with ischemic stroke parents. Control samples were children with healthy parents. Mutations of T-443C and G-156GG were determined by employing polymerase chain reaction. Results of sequencing were analyzed using CLC Main Workbench 6.0. CIMT was defined using ultrasound. Genetic variations of T-443C were identified in six samples. Likewise, genetic variations of G-156GG were identified in six samples. Genetic variations in the OPN promoters T-443C and G-156GG were not potential risk factors in an increase of CIMT (P=0.654 and P=0.654). This study proves that genetic variations could be identified at the points of T-443C and G-156GG in children with ischemic stroke parents. Although statistically insignificant, the tendency to increase CIMT occurs in children with genetic variations. Children with ischemic stroke parents have thicker CIMT than children of healthy parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyun Yueniwati
- Radiology Department, Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Valentina Yurina
- Clincal Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nurus Sobah
- Clincal Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Endang Rahayu
- Clincal Pharmacy Department, Pharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia
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Correlation between Serum Osteopontin and miR-181a Levels in Allergic Rhinitis Children. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:9471215. [PMID: 27199509 PMCID: PMC4856918 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9471215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Osteopontin (OPN) has been proved to be associated with allergic airway inflammation. However, the roles of OPN and its regulation in childhood allergic rhinitis (AR) are poorly understood. Objective. This study aims to evaluate the expression of OPN and miR-181a in children with AR and their association with Th1/Th2 immune response. Methods. Children who suffered from AR were included along with control subjects. Serum was collected to examine the level of OPN and Th1/Th2 cytokines by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the level of miR-181a by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results. Children with AR had significantly higher serum levels of OPN and lower serum levels of miR-181a than healthy controls. Furthermore, serum levels of OPN were positively correlated with Th2 cytokine and negatively correlated with Th1 cytokine. On the contrary, miR-181a level had a negative correlation with IL-4/IL-5 and positive correlation with IFN-γ/IL-12. More importantly, there was also significant negative correlation between OPN and miR-181a. Conclusion. The OPN protein and miR-181a levels may serve as predictors of disease severity in childhood AR and appear to be promising targets for modulating AR.
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Parikh SV, Malvar A, Song H, Alberton V, Lococo B, Vance J, Zhang J, Yu L, Rovin BH. Characterising the immune profile of the kidney biopsy at lupus nephritis flare differentiates early treatment responders from non-responders. Lupus Sci Med 2015; 2:e000112. [PMID: 26629350 PMCID: PMC4654163 DOI: 10.1136/lupus-2015-000112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The kidney biopsy is used to diagnose and guide initial therapy in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Kidney histology does not correlate well with clinical measurements of kidney injury or predict how patients will respond to standard-of-care immunosuppression. We postulated that the gene expression profile of kidney tissue at the time of biopsy may differentiate patients who will from those who will not respond to treatment. Methods The expression of 511 immune-response genes was measured in kidney biopsies from 19 patients with proliferative LN and 4 normal controls. RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded kidney biopsies done at flare. After induction therapy, 5 patients achieved a complete clinical response (CR), 10 had a partial response (PR) and 4 patients were non-responders (NRs). Transcript expression was compared with normal controls and between renal response groups. Results A principal component analysis showed that intrarenal transcript expression from normal kidney, CR biopsies and NR biopsies segregated from each other. The top genes responsible for CR clustering included several interferon pathway genes (STAT1, IRF1, IRF7, MX1, STAT2, JAK2), while complement genes (C1R, C1QB, C6, C9, C5, MASP2) were mainly responsible for NR clustering. Overall, 35 genes were uniquely expressed in NR compared with CR. Pathway analysis revealed that interferon signalling and complement activation pathways were upregulated in both groups, while BAFF, APRIL, nuclear factor-κB and interleukin-6 signalling were increased in CR but suppressed in NR. Conclusions These data suggest that molecular profiling of the kidney biopsy at LN flare may be useful in predicting treatment response to induction therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir V Parikh
- Division of Nephrology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio , USA
| | - Ana Malvar
- Nephrology Unit , Hospital Fernandez , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Huijuan Song
- Division of Nephrology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio , USA
| | - Valeria Alberton
- Department of Pathology , Hospital Fernandez , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Bruno Lococo
- Nephrology Unit , Hospital Fernandez , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Jay Vance
- Division of Nephrology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio , USA
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio , USA
| | - Lianbo Yu
- Nephrology Unit , Hospital Fernandez , Buenos Aires , Argentina
| | - Brad H Rovin
- Division of Nephrology , The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center , Columbus, Ohio , USA
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Abstract
Since its initial identification as one of the genes most highly upregulated upon T-cell activation, osteopontin (or Eta-1, as it was designated then) has been demonstrated to have many roles in the regulation of the immune response on multiple levels. It contributes to the development of immune-mediated and inflammatory diseases, and it regulates the host response to infection. In some cases, the mechanisms of these effects have been elucidated, while other mechanistic functions of the protein remain obscure. The protein itself makes these analyses complex, since it binds to a series of different integrins, and in addition to its classically secreted form, an intracellular form of osteopontin has been identified, which participates in several aspects of immune regulation. In this review, we focus on the role of osteopontin in a series of immune-related diseases, particularly those where significant advances have been made in recent years: multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and related diseases, Sjögren's disease, colitis, and 1 area of inflammatory pathology, alcoholic and nonalcoholic liver diseases. A recurring theme in these diseases is a link between osteopontin and pathogenic T cells, particularly T helper 17 cells, where osteopontin produced by dendritic cells supports IL-17 expression, contributing to pathology. In addition, a role for osteopontin in B-cell differentiation is becoming clear. In general, osteopontin contributes to pathology in these diseases, but there are examples where it has a protective role; deciphering the mechanisms underlying these differences and the specific receptors for osteopontin will be a research challenge for the future. Aside from its newly discovered role in the development of Sjögren's disease, the role of osteopontin in inflammatory conditions in the oral cavity is still poorly understood. Elucidation of this role will be of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- S R Rittling
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Singh
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Dolcino M, Ottria A, Barbieri A, Patuzzo G, Tinazzi E, Argentino G, Beri R, Lunardi C, Puccetti A. Gene Expression Profiling in Peripheral Blood Cells and Synovial Membranes of Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128262. [PMID: 26086874 PMCID: PMC4473102 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an inflammatory arthritis whose pathogenesis is poorly understood; it is characterized by bone erosions and new bone formation. The diagnosis of PsA is mainly clinical and diagnostic biomarkers are not yet available. The aim of this work was to clarify some aspects of the disease pathogenesis and to identify specific gene signatures in paired peripheral blood cells (PBC) and synovial biopsies of patients with PsA. Moreover, we tried to identify biomarkers that can be used in clinical practice. Methods PBC and synovial biopsies of 10 patients with PsA were used to study gene expression using Affymetrix arrays. The expression values were validated by Q-PCR, FACS analysis and by the detection of soluble mediators. Results Synovial biopsies of patients showed a modulation of approximately 200 genes when compared to the biopsies of healthy donors. Among the differentially expressed genes we observed the upregulation of Th17 related genes and of type I interferon (IFN) inducible genes. FACS analysis confirmed the Th17 polarization. Moreover, the synovial trascriptome shows gene clusters (bone remodeling, angiogenesis and inflammation) involved in the pathogenesis of PsA. Interestingly 90 genes are modulated in both compartments (PBC and synovium) suggesting that signature pathways in PBC mirror those of the inflamed synovium. Finally the osteoactivin gene was upregulared in both PBC and synovial biopsies and this finding was confirmed by the detection of high levels of osteoactivin in PsA sera but not in other inflammatory arthritides. Conclusions We describe the first analysis of the trancriptome in paired synovial tissue and PBC of patients with PsA. This study strengthens the hypothesis that PsA is of autoimmune origin since the coactivity of IFN and Th17 pathways is typical of autoimmunity. Finally these findings have allowed the identification of a possible disease biomarker, osteoactivin, easily detectable in PsA serum.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Puccetti
- Institute G. Gaslini, Genova, Italy
- University of Genova, Genova, Italy
- * E-mail:
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Clinical Characteristics of Concomitant Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Primary Biliary Cirrhosis: A Literature Review. J Immunol Res 2015; 2015:713728. [PMID: 26090497 PMCID: PMC4452083 DOI: 10.1155/2015/713728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although autoimmune diseases often coexist, concomitant cases of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) are uncommon. In this review paper, 34 cases of SLE with concomitant PBC found in English and Japanese scientific literature and Japanese proceedings were reviewed and summarized, including cases with liver dysfunction complicated by SLE. Of the 34 reported concomitant cases of SLE and PBC, 97.1% (33/34) were females, and PBC was diagnosed initially in 69.0% (20/29), except for five cases in which both SLE and PBC were simultaneously diagnosed. Sjögren's syndrome was the most common autoimmune disease complicating concomitant SLE and PBC (23.5%, 8/34). Five deaths have been reported: two elderly patients died of liver failure because of the worsening of PBC, and another two patients died from pulmonary infection associated with SLE pharmacotherapy. It is uncertain whether concomitant cases occur by chance or share a common immunological or genetic basis.
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Increased cerebrospinal fluid osteopontin levels and its involvement in macrophage infiltration in neuromyelitis optica. BBA CLINICAL 2015; 3:126-34. [PMID: 26673877 PMCID: PMC4661545 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbacli.2015.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that predominantly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. Although NMO has long been considered a subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS), the effects of interferon-β treatment are different between NMO and MS. Recent findings of NMO-IgG suggest that NMO could be a distinct disease rather than a subtype of MS. However, the underlying molecular mechanism of NMO pathology remains poorly understood. METHODS OPN in the cerebrospinal fluid and brain of patients with NMO and with MS, as well as of patients with other neurologic disease/idiopathic other neurologic disease was examined using Western blotting, ELISA, immunohistochemistry and Boyden chamber. RESULTS Here we show that osteopontin is significantly increased in the cerebrospinal fluid of NMO patients compared with MS patients. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that osteopontin was markedly elevated in the cerebral white matter of NMO patients and produced by astrocytes, neurons, and oligodendroglia as well as infiltrating macrophages. We also demonstrate that the interaction of the cerebrospinal fluid osteopontin in NMO patients with integrin αvβ3 promoted macrophage chemotaxis by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase and MEK1/2 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION These results indicate that osteopontin is involved in NMO pathology. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Thus therapeutic strategies that target osteopontin signaling may be useful to treat NMO.
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Key Words
- AQP4, aquaporin-4
- Ab, antibody
- Abs, antibodies
- Biomarker
- CNS, central nervous system
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
- Cerebrospinal fluid
- EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
- GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein
- IFN, interferon
- Integrin
- MS, multiple sclerosis
- Multiple sclerosis
- NMO, neuromyelitis optica
- Neuromyelitis optica
- OPN, osteopontin
- Osteopontin
- PI3K, phosphoinositide 3-kinase
- RGD, Arg–Gly–Asp
- RGE, Arg–Gly–Glu
- TRAP, tartrate-resistant form of acid phosphatase
- mAb, monoclonal antibody
- pAb, polyclonal antibody
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