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Hu X, Li Y, Cao Y, Shi F, Shang L. The role of nitric oxide synthase/ nitric oxide in infection-related cancers: Beyond antimicrobial activity. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189156. [PMID: 39032540 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
As a free radical and endogenous effector molecule, mammalian endogenous nitric oxide (NO) is mainly derived from nitric oxide synthase (NOS) via L-arginine. NO participates in normal physiological reactions and provides immune responses to prevent the invasion of foreign bacteria. However, NO also has complex and contradictory biological effects. Abnormal NO signaling is involved in the progression of many diseases, such as cancer. In the past decades, cancer research has been closely linked with NOS/ NO, and many tumors with poor prognosis are associated with high expression of NOS. In this review, we give a overview of the biological effects of NOS/ NO. Then we focus on the oncogenic role of iNOS/ NO in HPV, HBV, EBV and H. pylori related tumors. In fact, there is growing evidence that iNOS could be used as a potential therapeutic target in cancer therapy. We emphasize that the pro-tumor effect of NOS/ NO is greater than the anti-tumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yueshuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ya Cao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of National Health Commission, Cancer Research Institute and School of Basic Medical Science, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Li Shang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion of Chinese Ministry of Education, XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China; Department of Pathology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders/ XiangYa Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Mzimela N, Dimba N, Sosibo A, Khathi A. Evaluating the impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus on pulmonary vascular function and the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1431405. [PMID: 39050565 PMCID: PMC11266053 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1431405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a significant worldwide health concern caused by sedentary lifestyles and unhealthy diets. Beyond glycemic control, T2DM impacts multiple organ systems, leading to various complications. While traditionally associated with cardiovascular and microvascular complications, emerging evidence indicates significant effects on pulmonary health. Pulmonary vascular dysfunction and fibrosis, characterized by alterations in vascular tone and excessive extracellular matrix deposition, are increasingly recognized in individuals with T2DM. The onset of T2DM is often preceded by prediabetes, an intermediate hyperglycemic state that is associated with increased diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk. This review explores the relationship between T2DM, pulmonary vascular dysfunction and pulmonary fibrosis, with a focus on potential links with prediabetes. Pulmonary vascular function, including the roles of nitric oxide (NO), prostacyclin (PGI2), endothelin-1 (ET-1), thromboxane A2 (TxA2) and thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), is discussed in the context of T2DM and prediabetes. Mechanisms linking T2DM to pulmonary fibrosis, such as oxidative stress, dysregulated fibrotic signaling, and chronic inflammation, are explained. The impact of prediabetes on pulmonary health, including endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and dysregulated vasoactive mediators, is highlighted. Early detection and intervention during the prediabetic stage may reduce respiratory complications associated with T2DM, emphasizing the importance of management strategies targeting blood glucose regulation and vascular health. More research that looks into the mechanisms underlying pulmonary complications in T2DM and prediabetes is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhlakanipho Mzimela
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Li Z, Feng B, Li X, Zhao J, Liu K, Xie F, Xie J. Analysis of the response to cigarette smoke exposure in cell coculture and monoculture based on bionic-lung microfluidic chips. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1300:342446. [PMID: 38521574 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In vitro toxicity assessment studies with various experimental models and exposure modalities frequently generate diverse outcomes. In the prevalent experimental, aerosol pollutants are dissolved in culture medium through capture for exposure to two-dimensional planar cellular models in multiwell plates via immersion. However, this approach can generate restricted and inconclusive experimental data, significantly constraining the applicability of risk assessment outcomes. Herein, the in vitro cocultivation of lung epithelial and/or vascular endothelial cells was performed using self-designed bionic-lung microfluidic chip housing a gas-concentration gradient generator (GCGG) unit. Exposure experiments involving a concentration gradient of cigarette smoke (CS) aerosol were then conducted through an original assembled real-time aerosol exposure system. RESULTS Transcriptomic analysis revealed a potential involvement of the cGMP-signaling pathway following online CS aerosol exposure on different cell culture models. Furthermore, distinct responses to different concentrations of CS aerosol exposure on different culture models were highlighted by detecting inflammation- and oxidative stress-related biomarkers (i.e., cell viability, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, GM-CSF, malondialdehyde, and superoxide dismutase). SIGNIFICANT The results underscore the importance of improving chip biomimicry while addressing multi-throughput demands, given the substantial influence of the coculture model on cellular responses triggered by CS. Furthermore, the coculture model exhibited a mutually beneficial protective effect on cells at low CS concentrations within the GCGG unit, yet revealed a mutually amplified damaging effect at higher CS concentrations in contrast to the monoculture model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhi Li
- Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Boyang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Xiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, PR China.
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, PR China
| | - Kejian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Fuwei Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China
| | - Jianping Xie
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Chemistry, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, No. 2 Fengyang Street, Zhengzhou, 450001, PR China; Beijing Life Science Academy, Beijing, 102209, PR China.
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You XL, Zhao ML, Liu YR, Tang ZS, Zhao YT, Yan-Liu, Song ZX. Hypericum perforatum L. protects against renal function decline in ovariectomy rat model by regulating expressions of NOS3 and AKT1 in AGE-RAGE pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155160. [PMID: 37984122 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypericum perforatum L. (HPL) is a potential traditional Chinese medicine. It could promotes menopausal 'kidney-yin deficiency syndrome' that characterized by renal function decline. However, its potential pharmacological effect and mechanism remains unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether HPL can improve menopausal renal function decline and to explore its mechanism of action. METHODS The mainly ingredients of HPL were identified using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS approach, and the potential therapeutic targets of HPL for renal function decline were chose via network pharmacology technique. The key therapeutic metabolites were selected through non-targeted metabolomic and chemometric methods. Then, the network were constructed and the key targets and metabolites were screened. At last, the validation experiments and mechanism exploring were adopted by using Immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), real-time PCR (RT-PCR), and western blotting assays. RESULTS mainly ingredients of HPL were identified and determined 17 compounds and 29 targets were chose as mainly active compounds and potential therapeutic targets. Based on OVX induced renal decline rat model, after chemometric analysis, 59 endo-metabolites were selected as key therapeutic metabolites, and AGE-RAGE signal pathway in diabetes complications was enriched as the key pathway. By constructing a "disease-component-target" network, Hyperoside, Quercetrin, and quinic were selected as the key therapeutic compounds, and the AKT1 and NOS3 were selected as the key therapeutic targets. The results of ELISA, RT-PCR and western blot experiments indicated that HPL could rescue the abnormal expressions both of AKT1 and NOS3, as well as their related metabolites distortion. CONCLUSION Our findings indicated that HPL regulated expression of AKT1 and NOS3 through modulating AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in OVX stimulated rats` renal dysfunction, implicating the potential values of HPL in menopause syndromes therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Lian You
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China
| | - Meng-Li Zhao
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China
| | - Yan-Ru Liu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China.
| | - Zhi-Shu Tang
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China; Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine,100700, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Ting Zhao
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China
| | - Yan-Liu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhong-Xing Song
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, 712083, Xianyang, China
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Li J, He X, Liu F, Zheng X, Jiang J. Tumor Necrosis Factor-α-Induced Protein-8-like 2 Transfected Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Regulated the Dysfunction of Monocrotaline Pyrrole-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Smooth Muscle Cells and Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2024; 83:73-85. [PMID: 38180455 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary arterial endothelial cell (PAEC) dysfunction and pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) activation. For decades, the therapies for PAH based on stem cells have been shown to be effective. Meanwhile, tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8-like 2 (TIPE2) promote the viability of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, we aimed to explore the role of TIPE2 in adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and the function of TIPE2-transfected ADSCs in the regulation of PAH. We first explored the role and underlying molecular mechanism of TIPE2 in viability and migration of ADSCs. Moreover, the ADSCs transfected with TIPE2 were cocultured with monocrotaline pyrrole (MCTP)-stimulated PASMCs or PAECs. The effects and mechanisms of TIPE2-transfected ADSCs on MCTP-induced PASMCs and PAECs were further investigated. The results showed that TIPE2 overexpression promoted viability and migration of ADSCs by activating the TLR4-ERK1/2 pathway. In addition, TIPE2-transfected ADSCs inhibited the abnormal proliferation and the impaired apoptosis of PASMCs via NF-κB signaling and promoted the conversion of PASMCs from synthetic to contractile. Meanwhile, TIPE2-transfected ADSCs reduced the apoptosis, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, and migration of PAECs via PI3K/AKT signaling after MCTP treatment. MCTP-induced oxidative stress and inflammation of PAECs were significantly decreased by TIPE2-transfected ADSCs. In rat model, TIPE2-ADSCs administration further decreased the monocrotaline-induced increase in the right ventricular systolic pressure and ratio of right ventricle weight/left ventricle and septa weight (L + S) and right ventricle weight/body weight compared with the ADSCs group. In conclusion, TIPE2-transfected ADSCs dramatically attenuated the PAH via inhibiting the dysfunction of PASMCs and PAECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; and
| | - Xin He
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; and
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; and
| | - Xinglong Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; and
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Luse MA, Jackson MG, Juśkiewicz ZJ, Isakson BE. Physiological functions of caveolae in endothelium. CURRENT OPINION IN PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 35:100701. [PMID: 37873030 PMCID: PMC10588508 DOI: 10.1016/j.cophys.2023.100701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial caveolae are essential for a wide range of physiological processes and have emerged as key players in vascular biology. Our understanding of caveolar biology in endothelial cells has expanded dramatically since their discovery revealing critical roles in mechanosensation, signal transduction, eNOS regulation, lymphatic transport, and metabolic disease progression. Furthermore, caveolae are involved in the organization of membrane domains, regulation of membrane fluidity, and endocytosis which contribute to endothelial function and integrity. Additionally, recent advances highlight the impact of caveolae-mediated signaling pathways on vascular homeostasis and pathology. Together, the diverse roles of caveolae discussed here represent a breadth of cellular functions presenting caveolae as a defining feature of endothelial form and function. In light of these new insights, targeting caveolae may hold potential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies to treat a range of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A. Luse
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine
| | - Madeline G. Jackson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine
| | - Zuzanna J. Juśkiewicz
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine
| | - Brant E. Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Virginia School of Medicine
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine
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He T, d’Uscio LV, Katusic ZS. BACE2 deficiency impairs expression and function of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in brain endothelial cells. J Neurochem 2023; 166:928-942. [PMID: 37547981 PMCID: PMC10599353 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Beta-site amyloid precursor protein (APP)-cleaving enzyme 2 (BACE2) is highly expressed in cerebrovascular endothelium. Notably, BACE2 is one of the most downregulated genes in cerebrovascular endothelium derived from patients with Alzheimer's disease. The present study was designed to determine the role of BACE2 in control of expression and function of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Genetic downregulation of BACE2 with small interfering RNA (BACE2siRNA) in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) significantly decreased expression of eNOS and elevated levels of eNOS phosphorylated at threonine residue Thr495, thus leading to reduced production of nitric oxide (NO). BACE2siRNA also suppressed expression of APP and decreased production and release of soluble APPα (sAPPα). In contrast, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of APP increased expression of eNOS. Consistent with these observations, nanomolar concentrations of sAPPα and APP 17mer peptide (derived from sAPPα) augmented eNOS expression. Further analysis established that γ-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 and Krüppel-like factor 2 may function as downstream molecular targets significantly contributing to BACE2/APP/sAPPα-induced up-regulation of eNOS. In agreement with studies on cultured human endothelium, endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine and basal production of cyclic GMP were impaired in cerebral arteries of BACE2-deficient mice. We propose that in the brain blood vessels, BACE2 may function as a vascular protective protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongrong He
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Livius V. d’Uscio
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Zvonimir S. Katusic
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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Phua TJ. Understanding human aging and the fundamental cell signaling link in age-related diseases: the middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1196648. [PMID: 37384143 PMCID: PMC10293850 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1196648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related hypoxia, oxidative stress, and inflammation pathophysiology are closely associated with human age-related carcinogenesis and chronic diseases. However, the connection between hypoxia and hormonal cell signaling pathways is unclear, but such human age-related comorbid diseases do coincide with the middle-aging period of declining sex hormonal signaling. This scoping review evaluates the relevant interdisciplinary evidence to assess the systems biology of function, regulation, and homeostasis in order to discern and decipher the etiology of the connection between hypoxia and hormonal signaling in human age-related comorbid diseases. The hypothesis charts the accumulating evidence to support the development of a hypoxic milieu and oxidative stress-inflammation pathophysiology in middle-aged individuals, as well as the induction of amyloidosis, autophagy, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in aging-related degeneration. Taken together, this new approach and strategy can provide the clarity of concepts and patterns to determine the causes of declining vascularity hemodynamics (blood flow) and physiological oxygenation perfusion (oxygen bioavailability) in relation to oxygen homeostasis and vascularity that cause hypoxia (hypovascularity hypoxia). The middle-aging hypovascularity hypoxia hypothesis could provide the mechanistic interface connecting the endocrine, nitric oxide, and oxygen homeostasis signaling that is closely linked to the progressive conditions of degenerative hypertrophy, atrophy, fibrosis, and neoplasm. An in-depth understanding of these intrinsic biological processes of the developing middle-aged hypoxia could provide potential new strategies for time-dependent therapies in maintaining healthspan for healthy lifestyle aging, medical cost savings, and health system sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teow J. Phua
- Molecular Medicine, NSW Health Pathology, John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
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Huang JB, Chen ZR, Yang SL, Hong FF. Nitric Oxide Synthases in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28114414. [PMID: 37298893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28114414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by severe joint damage and disability. However, the specific mechanism of RA has not been thoroughly clarified over the past decade. Nitric oxide (NO), a kind of gas messenger molecule with many molecular targets, is demonstrated to have significant roles in histopathology and homeostasis. Three nitric oxide synthases (NOS) are related to producing NO and regulating the generation of NO. Based on the latest studies, NOS/NO signaling pathways play a key role in the pathogenesis of RA. Overproduction of NO can induce the generation and release of inflammatory cytokines and act as free radical gas to accumulate and trigger oxidative stress, which can involve in the pathogenesis of RA. Therefore, targeting NOS and its upstream and downstream signaling pathways may be an effective approach to managing RA. This review clearly summarizes the NOS/NO signaling pathway, the pathological changes of RA, the involvement of NOS/NO in RA pathogenesis and the conventional and novel drugs based on NOS/NO signaling pathways that are still in clinical trials and have good therapeutic potential in recent years, with an aim to provide a theoretical basis for further exploration of the role of NOS/NO in the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Bao Huang
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zhi-Ru Chen
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
- Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Key Laboratory of Chronic Diseases, Fuzhou Medical University, Fuzhou 344000, China
- Technology Innovation Center of Chronic Disease Research in Fuzhou City, Fuzhou Science and Technology Bureau, Fuzhou 344000, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
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Xing L, Huang G, Chen R, Huang L, Liu J, Ren X, Wang S, Kuang H, Kumar A, Kim JK, Jiang Q, Li X, Lee C. Critical role of mitogen-inducible gene 6 in restraining endothelial cell permeability to maintain vascular homeostasis. J Cell Commun Signal 2023; 17:151-165. [PMID: 36284029 PMCID: PMC10030747 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-022-00704-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Although mitogen-inducible gene 6 (MIG6) is highly expressed in vascular endothelial cells, it remains unknown whether MIG6 affects vascular permeability. Here, we show for the first time a critical role of MIG6 in limiting vascular permeability. We unveil that genetic deletion of Mig6 in mice markedly increased VEGFA-induced vascular permeability, and MIG6 knockdown impaired endothelial barrier function. Mechanistically, we reveal that MIG6 inhibits VEGFR2 phosphorylation by binding to the VEGFR2 kinase domain 2, and MIG6 knockdown increases the downstream signaling of VEGFR2 by enhancing phosphorylation of PLCγ1 and eNOS. Moreover, MIG6 knockdown disrupted the balance between RAC1 and RHOA GTPase activation, leading to endothelial cell barrier breakdown and the elevation of vascular permeability. Our findings demonstrate an essential role of MIG6 in maintaining endothelial cell barrier integrity and point to potential therapeutic implications of MIG6 in the treatment of diseases involving vascular permeability. Xing et al. (2022) investigated the critical role of MIG6 in vascular permeability. MIG6 deficiency promotes VEGFA-induced vascular permeability via activation of PLCγ1-Ca2+-eNOS signaling and perturbation of the balance in RAC1/RHOA activation, resulting in endothelial barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Guanqun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Rongyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Lijuan Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Juanxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Xiangrong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Haiqing Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Anil Kumar
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Jong Kyong Kim
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Qin Jiang
- Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Xuri Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Chunsik Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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Effect of Proprietary Chinese Medicine on Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients with Microvascular Angina: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:9242752. [PMID: 36733846 PMCID: PMC9889144 DOI: 10.1155/2023/9242752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Microvascular angina (MVA) has received increasing attention and interest in recent years, but there are still some shortcomings in the diagnosis and treatments at current stage. In recent years, several studies have confirmed the efficacy of proprietary Chinese medicines (PCMs) in improving MVA symptoms; however, there is no systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively assess the efficacy of PCMs in this area. Objective Investigating the clinical efficacy of proprietary Chinese medicines for treating MVA and coronary microvascular function. Methods We looked up articles from January 1, 2012, to the present from eight databases. Then, we screened the literature and followed the 2019 version 2 of Cochrane risk of bias tool for systematic review. The Stata/SE 15.0 software was used for the meta-analysis. Results There are 21 studies, including 1,641 patients who were included in this review. According to the results, the combination of PCMs and conventional MVA treatment was able to further enhance clinical efficacy [RR = 1.28, 95% CI (1.20, 1.36), p < 0.001], prolong the time of duration on the treadmill exercise testing (TET) [SMD = 1.49, 95% CI (0.63, 2.36), p = 0.001] and improve levels of NO [SMD = -1.77 95% CI (-2.11, -1.43), p < 0.001]. At the same time, PCMs could also decrease the microvascular resistance index (IMR) [SMD = -1.79, 95% CI (-2.58, -1.00), p < 0.001)], serum level of hs-CRP [SMD = -1.21, 95% CI (-1.84, -0.58), p < 0.001] and ET-1 [SMD = -1.77 95% CI (-2.11, -1.43), p < 0.001]. Regards to medication safety, a total of 27 adverse events occurred, including 10 cases in the intervention group and 17 cases in the control group. Conclusion The study suggests that the combination of PCMs and conventional MVA treatment enhances clinical efficacy and could better improve coronary microvascular function. In the future, we expect more high-quality, randomized, double-blind clinical studies to validate the safety, and efficacy of PCMs to provide valuable evidence-based medicine (EBM) for the treatment of MVA with PCMs.
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Worley ML, Reed EL, Chapman CL, Kueck P, Seymour L, Fitts T, Zazulak H, Schlader ZJ, Johnson BD. Acute beetroot juice consumption does not alter cerebral autoregulation or cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity during lower-body negative pressure in healthy adults. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1115355. [PMID: 36742355 PMCID: PMC9892911 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1115355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beetroot juice (BRJ) improves peripheral endothelial function and vascular compliance, likely due to increased nitric oxide bioavailability. It is unknown if BRJ alters cerebrovascular function and cardiovagal baroreflex control in healthy individuals. Purpose We tested the hypotheses that BRJ consumption improves cerebral autoregulation (CA) and cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS) during lower-body negative pressure (LBNP). Methods Thirteen healthy adults (age: 26 ± 4 years; 5 women) performed oscillatory (O-LBNP) and static LBNP (S-LBNP) before (PRE) and 3 h after consuming 500 mL of BRJ (POST). Participants inhaled 3% CO2 (21% O2, 76% N2) during a 5 min baseline and throughout LBNP to attenuate reductions in end-tidal CO2 tension (PETCO2). O-LBNP was conducted at ∼0.02 Hz for six cycles (-70 mmHg), followed by a 3-min recovery before S-LBNP (-40 mmHg) for 7 min. Beat-to-beat middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) (transcranial Doppler) and blood pressure were continuously recorded. CA was assessed using transfer function analysis to calculate coherence, gain, and phase in the very-low-frequency (VLF; 0.020-0.070 Hz) and low-frequency bands (LF; 0.07-0.20 Hz). cBRS was calculated using the sequence method. Comparisons between POST vs. PRE are reported as mean ± SD. Results During O-LBNP, coherence VLF was greater at POST (0.55 ± 0.06 vs. 0.46 ± 0.08; P < 0.01), but phase VLF (P = 0.17) and gain VLF (P = 0.69) were not different. Coherence LF and phase LF were not different, but gain LF was lower at POST (1.03 ± 0.20 vs. 1.12 ± 0.30 cm/s/mmHg; P = 0.05). During S-LBNP, CA was not different in the VLF or LF bands (all P > 0.10). Up-cBRS and Down-cBRS were not different during both LBNP protocols. Conclusion These preliminary data indicate that CA and cBRS during LBNP in healthy, young adults is largely unaffected by an acute bolus of BRJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L. Worley
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Emma L. Reed
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Human Physiology, Bowerman Sports Science Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Christopher L. Chapman
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Human Physiology, Bowerman Sports Science Center, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, United States
| | - Paul Kueck
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Lauren Seymour
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Triniti Fitts
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Hannah Zazulak
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
| | - Zachary J. Schlader
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
| | - Blair D. Johnson
- Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Public Health and Health Professions, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, United States
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Public Health, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States
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13
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The role of arginine and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in the pathogenesis of Covid-19 complicated by metabolic syndrome. ACTA BIOMEDICA SCIENTIFICA 2022. [DOI: 10.29413/abs.2022-7.6.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This literature review presents the role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO), as well as arginine, the enzyme substrate, in the disease of metabolic syndrome and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2 virus). Metabolic syndrome is a combination of obesity, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension. It has been shown that in elderly people, patients with obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), and patients with COVID-19, endothelial dysfunction (ED) and vascular endothelial activation are detected. ED is the main cause of a number of pathological conditions during the development of COVID-19 and earlier in patients with metabolic syndrome, while a sharp drop in the level of nitric oxide (NO) is detected due to a decrease in the expression and activity of eNO synthase and enzyme depletion, which leads to a violation of the integrity of bloodvessels, that is, to vasoconstrictive, inflammatory and thrombotic conditions, followed by ischemia of organs and edema of tissues. It should be noted that metabolic syndrome, DM2, hypertension and obesity, in particular, are age-related diseases, and it is known that blood glucose levels increase with age, which reduces the bioavailability of NO in endothelial cells. Defects in the metabolism of NO cause dysfunction in the pulmonary blood vessels, the level of NO decreases, which leads to impaired lung function and coagulopathy. The review presents possible mechanisms of these disorders associated with ED, the release of eNO synthase, changes in phosphorylation and regulation of enzyme activity, as well as insulin resistance. A modern view of the role of the polymorphism of the eNO synthase gene in the development of these pathologies is presented. To increase the level of endothelial NO, drugs are offered that regulate the bioavailability of NO. These include arginine, agonist NO – minoxidil, steroid hormones, statins, metformin. However, further research and clinical trials are needed to develop treatment strategies that increase NO levels in the endothelium.
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Lansdell TA, Chambers LC, Dorrance AM. Endothelial Cells and the Cerebral Circulation. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3449-3508. [PMID: 35766836 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial cells form the innermost layer of all blood vessels and are the only vascular component that remains throughout all vascular segments. The cerebral vasculature has several unique properties not found in the peripheral circulation; this requires that the cerebral endothelium be considered as a unique entity. Cerebral endothelial cells perform several functions vital for brain health. The cerebral vasculature is responsible for protecting the brain from external threats carried in the blood. The endothelial cells are central to this requirement as they form the basis of the blood-brain barrier. The endothelium also regulates fibrinolysis, thrombosis, platelet activation, vascular permeability, metabolism, catabolism, inflammation, and white cell trafficking. Endothelial cells regulate the changes in vascular structure caused by angiogenesis and artery remodeling. Further, the endothelium contributes to vascular tone, allowing proper perfusion of the brain which has high energy demands and no energy stores. In this article, we discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the cerebral endothelium. Where appropriate, we discuss the detrimental effects of high blood pressure on the cerebral endothelium and the contribution of cerebrovascular disease endothelial dysfunction and dementia. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3449-3508, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Lansdell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Laura C Chambers
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Anne M Dorrance
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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15
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Liu D, He XQ, Wu DT, Li HB, Feng YB, Zou L, Gan RY. Elderberry ( Sambucus nigra L.): Bioactive Compounds, Health Functions, and Applications. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4202-4220. [PMID: 35348337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) is rich in many bioactive compounds and exhibits diverse health functions, of which an understanding can be helpful for its better utilization in the food industry. This review mainly summarizes recent studies about the bioactive compounds and health functions of elderberry, highlighting the potential mechanism of action. In addition, the applications of elderberry in foods are also discussed. Elderberry contains diversely bioactive ingredients, such as (poly)phenolic compounds and terpenoid compounds. Recent studies report that some food processing methods can affect the content of bioactive compounds in elderberry. Additionally, elderberry exhibits various health functions in vitro and in vivo, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti-influenza, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, cardiovascular protective, and neuroprotective activities, and their potential molecular mechanisms are associated with regulating some key signaling pathways and molecular targets. Up to now, there have been limited clinical trials supporting the health benefits of elderberry. Overall, elderberry is a promising dietary source of bioactive ingredients and has the potential to be developed into functional foods or nutraceuticals for preventing and treating certain chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Qin He
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Bin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610106, People's Republic of China
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610213, People's Republic of China
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16
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Malacarne PF, Ratiu C, Gajos-Draus A, Müller N, Lopez M, Pflüger-Müller B, Ding X, Warwick T, Oo J, Siragusa M, Angioni C, Günther S, Weigert A, Geißlinger G, Lütjohann D, Schunck WH, Fleming I, Brandes RP, Rezende F. Loss of Endothelial Cytochrome P450 Reductase Induces Vascular Dysfunction in Mice. Hypertension 2022; 79:1216-1226. [PMID: 35354305 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.18752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND POR (cytochrome P450 reductase) provides electrons for the catalytic activity of the CYP (cytochrome P450) monooxygenases. CYPs are dual-function enzymes as they generate protective vasoactive mediators derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids but also reactive oxygen species. It is not known in which conditions the endothelial POR/CYP system is beneficial versus deleterious. Here, the activity of all CYP enzymes was eliminated in the vascular endothelium to examine its impact on vascular function. METHODS An endothelial-specific, tamoxifen-inducible POR knockout mouse (ecPOR-/-) was generated. Vascular function was studied by organ chamber experiments. eNOS (endothelial nitric oxide synthase) activity was accessed by heavy arginine/citrulline LC-MS/MS detection and phosphorylation of serine1177 in aortic rings. CYP-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and prostanoids were measured by LC-MS/MS. Gene expression of aorta and endothelial cells was profiled by RNA sequencing. Blood pressure was measured by telemetry. RESULTS Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation was attenuated in isolated vessels of ecPOR-/- as compared with control mice. Additionally, ecPOR-/- mice had attenuated eNOS activity and eNOS/AKT phosphorylation. POR deletion reduced endothelial stores of CYP-derived epoxyeicosatrienoic acids but increased vascular prostanoids. This phenomenon was paralleled by the induction of genes implicated in eicosanoid generation. In response to Ang II (angiotensin II) infusion, blood pressure increased significantly more in ecPOR-/- mice. Importantly, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor Naproxen selectively lowered the Ang II-induced hypertension in ecPOR-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS POR expression in endothelial cells maintains eNOS activity and its loss results in an overactivation of the vasoconstrictor prostanoid system. Through these mechanisms, loss of endothelial POR induces vascular dysfunction and hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Felipe Malacarne
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Corina Ratiu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Anna Gajos-Draus
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,National Science Centre, Poland (A.G.-D.)
| | - Niklas Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Melina Lopez
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Beatrice Pflüger-Müller
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Xinxin Ding
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, the University of Arizona, Tucson (X.D.)
| | - Timothy Warwick
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - James Oo
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Mauro Siragusa
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (M.S., I.F.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Carlo Angioni
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (C.A., G.G.)
| | - Stefan Günther
- Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Max Planck Institute, Bad Nauheim, Germany (S.G.)
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (A.W.)
| | - Gerd Geißlinger
- Institute for Clinical Pharmacology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (C.A., G.G.)
| | - Dieter Lütjohann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Germany (D.L.)
| | | | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (M.S., I.F.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Ralf P Brandes
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
| | - Flávia Rezende
- Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. (P.F.M., C.R., A.G.-D., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., R.P.B., F.R.).,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt, Germany (P.F.M., C.R., N.M., M.L., B.P.-M., T.W., J.O., M.S., I.F., R.P.B., F.R.)
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17
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Aykut G, Ulugöl H, Aksu U, Akin S, Karabulut H, Alhan C, Toraman F, Ince C. Microcirculatory Response to Blood vs. Crystalloid Cardioplegia During Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting With Cardiopulmonary Bypass. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:736214. [PMID: 35096853 PMCID: PMC8792788 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.736214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood cardioplegia attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-induced systemic inflammatory response in patients undergoing cardiac surgery, which may favorably influence the microvascular system in this cohort. The aim of this study was to investigate whether blood cardioplegia would offer advantages over crystalloid cardioplegia in the preservation of microcirculation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with CPB. Methods: In this prospective observational cohort study, 20 patients who received crystalloid (n = 10) or blood cardioplegia (n = 10) were analyzed. The microcirculatory measurements were obtained sublingually using incident dark-field imaging at five time points ranging from the induction of anesthesia (T0) to discontinuation of CPB (T5). Results: In the both crystalloid [crystalloid cardioplegia group (CCG)] and blood cardioplegia [blood cardioplegia group (BCG)] groups, perfused vessel density (PVD), total vessel density (TVD), and proportion of perfused vessels (PPV) were reduced after the beginning of CPB. The observed reduction in microcirculatory parameters during CPB was only restored in patients who received blood cardioplegia and increased to baseline levels as demonstrated by the percentage changes from T0 to T5 (%Δ)T0−T5 in all the functional microcirculatory parameters [%ΔTVDT0−T5(CCG): −10.86 ± 2.323 vs. %ΔTVDT0−T5(BCG): 0.0804 ± 1.107, p < 0.001; %ΔPVDT0−T5(CCG): −12.91 ± 2.884 vs. %ΔPVDT0−T5(BCG): 1.528 ± 1.144, p < 0.001; %ΔPPVT0−T5(CCG): −2.345 ± 1.049 vs. %ΔPPVT0−T5(BCG): 1.482 ± 0.576, p < 0.01]. Conclusion: Blood cardioplegia ameliorates CPB-induced microcirculatory alterations better than crystalloid cardioplegia in patients undergoing CABG, which may reflect attenuation of the systemic inflammatory response. Future investigations are needed to identify the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of blood cardioplegia on microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Güclü Aykut
- Department of Intensive Care, Laboratory of Translational Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Halim Ulugöl
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Uğur Aksu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakir Akin
- Department of Intensive Care, Laboratory of Translational Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care, Haga Teaching Hospital, The Hague, Netherlands
| | - Hasan Karabulut
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cem Alhan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fevzi Toraman
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Can Ince
- Department of Intensive Care, Laboratory of Translational Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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18
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Guo X, Chen M, Cao L, Hu Y, Li X, Zhang Q, Ren Y, Wu X, Meng Z, Xu K. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Promote Migration and Invasion of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells via miR-101-3p Mediated VEGFA Secretion and AKT/eNOS Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:764151. [PMID: 34977016 PMCID: PMC8716726 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.764151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are major component of tumor microenvironment (TME), which plays crucial roles in tumor growth, invasion and metastasis; however, the underling mechanism is not fully elucidated. Despite many studies are focused on the tumor promoting effect of CAFs-derived cytokines, the upstream regulators of cytokine release in CAFs is largely unknown. Here we found that miR-101-3p was downregulated in primary lung cancer-associated CAFs compared to normal fibroblasts (NFs). Ectopic overexpression of miR-101-3p suppressed CAFs activation, and abrogated the promoting effect of CAFs on migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLC), through attenuating CAFs’ effect on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, metastasis-related genes (MMP9, TWIST1) and AKT/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway. Further study indicated that vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) was a novel target of miR-101-3p, and CAFs-derived VEGFA mediated the effect of miR-101-3p on migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, demonstrated by using recombinant VEGFA and VEGFA neutralizing antibody. Interestingly, the analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database revealed that lung cancer tissues expressed lower level of miR-101-3p than non-cancerous tissues, and low/medium-expression of miR-101-3p was associated with poor overall survival (OS) rate. Moreover, the mouse xenograft experiment also showed that CAFs accelerated tumor growth whereas miR-101-3p diminished CAFs’ effect. These findings revealed a novel mechanism that CAFs facilitated lung cancer metastasis potential via miR-101-3p/VEGFA/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting miR-101-3p as a potential candidate for metastasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueru Guo
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Mengmeng Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Limin Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Hu
- Department of Toxic Laboratory, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xueqin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Qicheng Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinghui Ren
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- Core Facility Center, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaowei Meng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Cancer Metastasis and Tumor Microenvironment, Tianjin Lung Cancer Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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19
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Piknova B, Schechter AN, Park JW, Vanhatalo A, Jones AM. Skeletal Muscle Nitrate as a Regulator of Systemic Nitric Oxide Homeostasis. Exerc Sport Sci Rev 2021; 50:2-13. [PMID: 34669624 DOI: 10.1249/jes.0000000000000272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Non-enzymatic nitric oxide (NO) generation via the reduction of nitrate and nitrite ions, along with remarkably high levels of nitrate ions in skeletal muscle, have been recently described. Skeletal muscle nitrate storage may be critical for maintenance of NO homeostasis in healthy ageing and nitrate supplementation may be useful for treatment of specific pathophysiologies as well as enhancing normal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbora Piknova
- Molecular Medicine Branch, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health,Bethesda, MD 20892, U.S. Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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20
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Fetal oxygen supply can be improved by an effective cross-talk between fetal erythrocytes and vascular endothelium. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166243. [PMID: 34371111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In twin/multiple pregnancy, siblings experience an adverse intrauterine environment which forms the major etiological factor leading to pathological conditions. The status of the developing fetus is highly determined by the nitric oxide (NO) level, that facilitates vasodilation which in turn modulates the oxygen and nutrition supply. As the umbilical cord (UC) lacks innervation, activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is fundamental to maintain adequate NO production. Recent ground breaking fact showed that under stress conditions, circulating red blood cells (RBCs) can actively produces NO as a "rescue mechanism". Therefore, this study majorly focused on the molecular mechanisms that affected the redox environment by altering NOS3 activation - both in the UC arteries and vein endothelium and RBCs - that have impacts on developmental parameters, like birth weight. In connection to that, we pursued the communication efficiency between the vessels' endothelium and the circulating RBCs in demand of bioavailable NO. Our results indicated that twinning itself at stage 33-35 weeks, does not reduce the NOS3 level and its phosphorylation status in the cord vessels. However, RBC-NOS3 activation is highly upregulated during this period - providing additional evidence for the active regulatory role of fetal RBCs in the rate of blood flow - and this functional activity highly correlates with the birth weight of the fetuses. Detailed analysis on NOS3 signalling at different time points of gestation could establish a benchmark in understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the process of developing neonatal vascular diseases.
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21
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Leo F, Suvorava T, Heuser SK, Li J, LoBue A, Barbarino F, Piragine E, Schneckmann R, Hutzler B, Good ME, Fernandez BO, Vornholz L, Rogers S, Doctor A, Grandoch M, Stegbauer J, Weitzberg E, Feelisch M, Lundberg JO, Isakson BE, Kelm M, Cortese-Krott MM. Red Blood Cell and Endothelial eNOS Independently Regulate Circulating Nitric Oxide Metabolites and Blood Pressure. Circulation 2021; 144:870-889. [PMID: 34229449 PMCID: PMC8529898 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.120.049606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Current paradigms suggest that nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial cells (ECs) via endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the vessel wall is the primary regulator of blood flow and blood pressure. However, red blood cells (RBCs) also carry a catalytically active eNOS, but its role is controversial and remains undefined. This study aimed to elucidate the functional significance of red cell eNOS compared to EC eNOS for vascular hemodynamics and NO metabolism. Methods: We generated tissue-specific "loss-" and "gain-of-function" models for eNOS by using cell-specific Cre-induced gene inactivation or reactivation. We created two founder lines carrying a floxed eNOS (eNOSflox/flox) for Cre-inducible knock out (KO), as well as gene construct with an inactivated floxed/inverted exon (eNOSinv/inv) for a Cre-inducible knock in (KI), which respectively allow targeted deletion or reactivation of eNOS in erythroid cells (RBC eNOS KO or RBC eNOS KI mice) or endothelial cells (EC eNOS KO or EC eNOS KI mice). Vascular function, hemodynamics, and NO metabolism were compared ex vivo and in vivo. Results: The EC eNOS KOs exhibited significantly impaired aortic dilatory responses to acetylcholine, loss of flow-mediated dilation (FMD), and increased systolic and diastolic blood pressure. RBC eNOS KO mice showed no alterations in acetylcholine-mediated dilation or FMD but were hypertensive. Treatment with the NOS inhibitor L-NAME further increased blood pressure in RBC eNOS KOs, demonstrating that eNOS in both ECs and RBCs contributes to blood pressure regulation. While both EC eNOS KOs and RBC eNOS KOs had lower plasma nitrite and nitrate concentrations, the levels of bound NO in RBCs were lower in RBC eNOS KOs as compared to EC eNOS KOs. Crucially, reactivation of eNOS in ECs or RBCs rescues the hypertensive phenotype of the eNOSinv/inv mice, while the levels of bound NO were restored only in RBC eNOS KI mice. Conclusions:These data reveal that eNOS in ECs and RBCs contribute independently to blood pressure homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Leo
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tatsiana Suvorava
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Cardiology Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Sophia K Heuser
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Junjie Li
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anthea LoBue
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Frederik Barbarino
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eugenia Piragine
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rebekka Schneckmann
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beate Hutzler
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miranda E Good
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA; Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA
| | - Bernadette O Fernandez
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Lukas Vornholz
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stephen Rogers
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD
| | - Allan Doctor
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, University of Maryland School of Medicine, MD
| | - Maria Grandoch
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Stegbauer
- Department of Nephrology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eddie Weitzberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Feelisch
- Clinical & Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Jon O Lundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brant E Isakson
- Robert M. Berne Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Malte Kelm
- Department of Cardiology Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany; CARID, Cardiovascular Research Institute Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam M Cortese-Krott
- Myocardial Infarction Research Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology Pneumology and Angiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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22
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Pontes VCB, Tavares JPTDM, Rosenstock TR, Rodrigues DS, Yudi MI, Soares JPM, Ribeiro SC, Sutti R, Torres LMB, de Melo FHM, Gamberini MT. Increased acute blood flow induced by the aqueous extract of Euterpe oleracea Mart. fruit pulp in rats in vivo is not related to the direct activation of endothelial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113885. [PMID: 33539952 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Scientific evidence supports the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-lipidemic properties of Euterpe oleracea Mart. (açaí), which all converge to reduce cardiovascular risks. Macerating the pulp of açaí fruit produces a viscous aqueous extract (AE) rich in flavonoids that is commonly used in food production. In addition to nutritional aspects, cardiovascular benefits are attributed to AE by traditional medicine. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluation of AE impact on blood flow in vivo in rats and investigation of the mechanism underlying this response in vitro in rat endothelial cells (RECs). MATERIALS AND METHODS For the measurement of acute blood flow, a perivascular ultrasound probe was used in Wistar rats. The in vitro assays employed REC to evaluate: concentration (1-1000 μg/mL) and time response (2-180 min) of AE in MTT cell viability assays; nitric oxide (NO) levels measurement and intracellular calcium handling using DAF-2DA and Fluo-4-AM, respectively; cellular biopterin content by HPLC; activation of Akt pathway using western blot analysis. For the chemical analyses of AE, stock solutions of the standards (+)catechin and quercetin were used for obtaining linear calibration curves. Identification and quantification of flavonoids in AE were based on comparisons with the retention times, increase in peak area determine by co-injection of AE with standards, UV-Vis scan and standard curves of known spectra. Results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation and data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Tukey's post-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS Although in vivo data have revealed the participation of NO in increasing of acute blood flow on abdominal aorta, in vitro analysis demonstrated that vasodilatation AE-induced is not related to its direct action on endothelial cells inducing eNOS activation. Besides, we demonstrated in isolated endothelial cells that highest concentrations of AE caused a reduction in NO levels, effect that could be partly justified by inhibition of Akt phosphorylation which, in turn, could decrease NOS activation. The involvement of cell transduction pathways involving variations in intracellular calcium and biopterins concentration were discarded. The participation of catechin and quercetin, identified in AE, was postulated to induce the responses of AE in REC. CONCLUSIONS Despite the responses in vitro, vasodilation prevailed in vivo, probably by activating intermediate pathways, validating a potential beneficial effect of AE in reducing cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victória Caroline Bottino Pontes
- Department of Physiological Sciences Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Domingos Sávio Rodrigues
- Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, Centro de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico e Reservas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Icimoto Yudi
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Jaqueline Pereira Moura Soares
- Department of Physiological Sciences Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Suzana Costa Ribeiro
- Department of Physiological Sciences Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Sutti
- Department of Physiological Sciences Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Luce Maria Brandão Torres
- Instituto de Botânica de São Paulo, Centro de Pesquisa Jardim Botânico e Reservas, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Maria Thereza Gamberini
- Department of Physiological Sciences Santa Casa de Sao Paulo School of Medical Sciences - School of Medicine, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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23
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Zhu HY, Hong FF, Yang SL. The Roles of Nitric Oxide Synthase/Nitric Oxide Pathway in the Pathology of Vascular Dementia and Related Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094540. [PMID: 33926146 PMCID: PMC8123648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common form of dementia worldwide. It is caused by cerebrovascular disease, and patients often show severe impairments of advanced cognitive abilities. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of VaD. The functions of NO are determined by its concentration and bioavailability, which are regulated by NOS activity. The activities of different NOS subtypes in the brain are partitioned. Pathologically, endothelial NOS is inactivated, which causes insufficient NO production and aggravates oxidative stress before inducing cerebrovascular endothelial dysfunction, while neuronal NOS is overactive and can produce excessive NO to cause neurotoxicity. Meanwhile, inflammation stimulates the massive expression of inducible NOS, which also produces excessive NO and then induces neuroinflammation. The vicious circle of these kinds of damage having impacts on each other finally leads to VaD. This review summarizes the roles of the NOS/NO pathway in the pathology of VaD and also proposes some potential therapeutic methods that target this pathway in the hope of inspiring novel ideas for VaD therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Yan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China;
- Queen Marry College, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Fen-Fang Hong
- Teaching Center, Department of Experimental, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (F.-F.H.); (S.-L.Y.)
| | - Shu-Long Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 Bayi Avenue, Nanchang 330006, China;
- Correspondence: (F.-F.H.); (S.-L.Y.)
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24
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Mikhailik A, Michurina TV, Dikranian K, Hearn S, Maxakov VI, Siller SS, Takemaru KI, Enikolopov G, Peunova N. nNOS regulates ciliated cell polarity, ciliary beat frequency, and directional flow in mouse trachea. Life Sci Alliance 2021; 4:4/5/e202000981. [PMID: 33653689 PMCID: PMC8008965 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Clearance of the airway is dependent on directional mucus flow across the mucociliary epithelium, and deficient flow is implicated in a range of human disorders. Efficient flow relies on proper polarization of the multiciliated cells and sufficient ciliary beat frequency. We show that NO, produced by nNOS in the multiciliated cells of the mouse trachea, controls both the planar polarity and the ciliary beat frequency and is thereby necessary for the generation of the robust flow. The effect of nNOS on the polarity of ciliated cells relies on its interactions with the apical networks of actin and microtubules and involves RhoA activation. The action of nNOS on the beat frequency is mediated by guanylate cyclase; both NO donors and cGMP can augment fluid flow in the trachea and rescue the deficient flow in nNOS mutants. Our results link insufficient availability of NO in ciliated cells to defects in flow and ciliary activity and may thereby explain the low levels of exhaled NO in ciliopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Mikhailik
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Tatyana V Michurina
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Krikor Dikranian
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stephen Hearn
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA
| | - Vladimir I Maxakov
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Saul S Siller
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Ken-Ichi Takemaru
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Grigori Enikolopov
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Natalia Peunova
- Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA .,Department of Anesthesiology, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
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25
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Wohlrab P, Johann Danhofer M, Schaubmayr W, Tiboldi A, Krenn K, Markstaller K, Ullrich R, Ulrich Klein K, Tretter V. Oxygen conditions oscillating between hypoxia and hyperoxia induce different effects in the pulmonary endothelium compared to constant oxygen conditions. Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14590. [PMID: 33565273 PMCID: PMC7873712 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The pulmonary endothelium is an immediate recipient of high oxygen concentrations upon oxygen therapy and mediates down-stream responses. Cyclic collapse and reopening of atelectatic lung areas during mechanical ventilation with high fractions of inspired oxygen result in the propagation of oxygen oscillations in the hypoxic/hyperoxic range. We used primary murine lung endothelial cell cultures to investigate cell responses to constant and oscillating oxygen conditions in the hypoxic to hyperoxic range. Severe constant hyperoxia had pro-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects including an increase in expression of ICAM1, E-selectin, and RAGE at 24 hr exposure. The coagulative/fibrinolytic system responded by upregulation of uPA, tPA, and vWF and PAI1 under constant severe hyperoxia. Among antioxidant enzymes, the upregulation of SOD2, TXN1, TXNRD3, GPX1, and Gstp1 at 24 hr, but downregulation of SOD3 at 72 hr constant hyperoxia was evident. Hypoxic/hyperoxic oscillating oxygen conditions induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release to a lesser extent and later than constant hyperoxia. Gene expression analyses showed upregulation of NFKB p65 mRNA at 72 hr. More evident was a biphasic response of NOS3 and ACE1 gene expression (downregulation until 24 hr and upregulation at 72 hr). ACE2 mRNA was upregulated until 72 hr, but shedding of the mature protein from the cell surface favored ACE1. Oscillations resulted in severe production of peroxynitrite, but apart from upregulation of Gstp1 at 24 hr responses of antioxidative proteins were less pronounced than under constant hyperoxia. Oscillating oxygen in the hypoxic/hyperoxic range has a characteristical impact on vasoactive mediators like NOS3 and on the activation of the renin-angiotensin system in the lung endothelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wohlrab
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Johann Danhofer
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schaubmayr
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Akos Tiboldi
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Krenn
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Markstaller
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Ullrich
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Klaus Ulrich Klein
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Tretter
- Department of Anesthesia and General Intensive Care, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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26
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Abstract
Sudden cardiac arrest is a leading cause of death worldwide. Although the methods of cardiopulmonary resuscitation have been improved, mortality is still unacceptably high, and many survivors suffer from lasting neurological deficits due to the post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS). Pathophysiologically, generalized vascular endothelial dysfunction accompanied by platelet activation and systemic inflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of PCAS. Because endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO) plays a central role in maintaining vascular homeostasis, the role of NO-dependent signaling has been a focus of the intense investigation. Recent preclinical studies showed that therapeutic interventions that increase vascular NO bioavailability may improve outcomes after cardiac arrest complicated with PCAS. In particular, NO inhalation therapy has been shown to improve neurological outcomes and survival in multiple species. Clinical studies examining the safety and efficacy of inhaled NO in patients sustaining PCAS are warranted.
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27
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Liu QW, Yang ZH, Jiang J, Jiang R. Icariin modulates eNOS activity via effect on post-translational protein-protein interactions to improve erectile function of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Andrology 2021; 9:342-351. [PMID: 33507631 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5I) has become the first-line treatment for erectile dysfunction (ED). However, its effective rate for hypertension ED is only 60%-70%. How to improve the efficacy of ED treatment is the focus of current research. OBJECTIVE To explore whether icariin can improve the erectile function of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by affecting post-translational protein-protein interactions to regulate endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) activity. METHOD Twelve-week-old healthy male SHR rats and Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) were randomly divided into four groups: SHR control group, SHR + icariin (10 mg/kg·d gavage) treatment group, WKY control group, and WKY + icariin (10 mg/kg·d gavage) treatment group (n = 5). After 4 weeks, the maximum penile intracavernous pressure/mean arterial pressure (ICPmax/MAP), the expression of heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90), caveolin-1, calmodulin, p-eNOS, and eNOS in penile cavernous tissue and the content of nitric oxide (NO) and cGMP were measured. The interaction between eNOS and Hsp90, caveolin-1, and calmodulin were detected by immunoprecipitation. RESULT The ICPmax/MAP in the SHR + icariin treatment group (0.08 ± 0.01, 0.23 ± 0.07, 0.40 ± 0.05) was significantly higher than the SHR group (0.03 ± 0.01, 0.13 ± 0.03, 0.21 ± 0.02) under 3V and 5V electrical stimulations (P < .05). Compared with the SHR group, the expression of HSP90, calmodulin, P-eNOS, eNOS, and P-eNOS/eNOS in the penile cavernous tissue of rats in the WKY group and the SHR + icariin treatment group were significantly increased (P < .05), and the expression of caveolin-1 was significantly decreased (P < .05). The NO content (2.16 ± 0.22 μmol/g) and cGMP concentration (3.69 ± 0.12 pmol/mg) in the SHR + icariin treatment group were significantly higher than those in the SHR group (1.01 ± 0.14 μmol/g, 2.31 ± 0.22 pmol/mg) (P < .05). Compared with the SHR group, the interaction between eNOS and HSP90 in the cavernosa of the rats in the SHR + icariin treatment group was significantly increased (P < .05), the interaction between eNOS and caveolin-1 was significantly decreased (P < .01), and the interaction between eNOS and calmodulin did not significantly change. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Up-regulating the expression of HSP90 and calmodulin and inhibiting caveolin-1 in SHR corpus cavernosum, promoting the interaction between eNOS and HSP90, inhibiting the interaction between eNOS and caveolin-1, increasing p-eNOS/eNOS, may be the mechanism of icariin that improves SHR erectile function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin-Wen Liu
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Yang
- Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jun Jiang
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- Department of Urology, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
- Nephropathy Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, China
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28
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He A, Zuo D, Liang X, Guo Y, Suxin L, Xia Y. Hypoglycemia increases endothelial-dependent vasodilation through suppressing phosphorylation at Threonine 495/497 site of endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Microvasc Res 2021; 133:104075. [PMID: 32950484 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.104075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phosphorylation plays an essential role in the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity. However, the phosphorylation of eNOS under hypoglycemia and whether hypoglycemia changes eNOS activity is unknown. This paper aims to clarify the regulation of eNOS phosphorylation and its activity change under hypoglycemia. METHODS Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with hypoglycemia, and the phosphorylation of eNOS was subjected to western blot. Blood nitric oxide (NO) concentration was determined by NO kit and endothelial-dependent vasodilation was detected by multi-wire myograph. RESULTS In both BAECs and rats' thoracic aorta, hypoglycemia induced eNOS phosphorylation decrease specifically on Threonine (Thr) 497. Inhibition of ubiquitination of protein kinase C α subunit (PKCα) reverses the decrease of eNOS phosphorylation in hypoglycemia. Ubiquitinated PKCα can be reversed by AMPK knockdown. In rats, insulin induced hypoglycemia increased the concentration of NO in arterial blood, and progressively enhanced the endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the thoracic and mesenteric aorta. CONCLUSIONS In vitro, the activation of AMPK may lead to the expression of PKCα by regulating ubiquitination, resulting in a decrease in the level of P-eNOS Thr497 phosphorylation under hypoglycemia. In vivo, insulin-induced hypoglycemia produces a beneficial cardiovascular effect on rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- An He
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Deyu Zuo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liang
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Yongzheng Guo
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Luo Suxin
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
| | - Yong Xia
- Division of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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He H, Ma Y, Huang H, Huang C, Chen Z, Chen D, Gu Y, Wang X, Chen J. A comprehensive understanding about the pharmacological effect of diallyl disulfide other than its anti-carcinogenic activities. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173803. [PMID: 33359648 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diallyl disulfide (DADS), an oil-soluble sulfur compound that is responsible for the biological effects of garlic, displays numerous biological activities, among which its anti-cancer activities are the most famous ones. In recent years, the pharmacological effects of DADS other than its anti-carcinogenic activities have attracted numerous attentions. For example, it has been reported that DADS can prevent the microglia-mediated neuroinflammatory response and depression-like behaviors in mice. In the cardiovascular system, DADS administration was found to ameliorate the isoproterenol- or streptozotocin-induced cardiac dysfunction via the activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (Akt) signaling. DADS administration can also produce neuroprotective effects in animal models of Alzheimer's disease and protect the heart, endothelium, liver, lung, and kidney against cellular or tissue damages induced by various toxic factors, such as the oxidized-low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), ethanol, acetaminophen, Cis-Diammine Dichloroplatinum (CisPt), and gentamicin. The major mechanisms of action of DADS in disease prevention and/or treatment include inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and cellular apoptosis. Mechanisms, including the activation of Akt, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), protein kinase A (PKA), and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein (CREB) and the inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs), can also mediate the cellular protective effects of DADS in different tissues and organs. In this review, we summarize and discuss the pharmacological effects of DADS other than its anti-carcinogenic activities, aiming to reveal more possibilities for DADS in disease prevention and/or treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan He
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaoying Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaxing Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongjian Chen
- Invasive Technology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiming Gu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, 19# Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jinliang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong First People's Hospital, 6 North Road Hai'er Xiang, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Bizjak DA, Tomschi F, Bales G, Nader E, Romana M, Connes P, Bloch W, Grau M. Does endurance training improve red blood cell aging and hemorheology in moderate-trained healthy individuals? JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 9:595-603. [PMID: 33308809 PMCID: PMC7749247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the impact of a 6-week endurance training on red blood cell (RBC) aging and deformability of healthy participants to detect possible improved hemorheological and performance-related adaptations. METHODS A total of 31 participants (17 females and 14 males) performed a 6-week moderate training protocol (three 1-h running sessions per week at 70% of maximal heart rate). Blood was sampled before and after the training. RBCs from each participant were fractioned according to density and age into 4 RBC subfractions. Subfractions were examined for changes of RBC properties, including aging distribution, RBC deformability, RBC microparticles, and phosphatidylserine concentrations. RBC and plasma nitrite levels were measured as indicators of nitric oxide metabolism. RESULTS Aerobic performance, peak oxygen consumption, ventilatory thresholds, velocity at the aerobic-anaerobic threshold, and lactate at exhaustion improved after training. The relative amount of both young RBCs and old RBCs increased, and the amount of the main RBC fraction decreased. Phosphatidylserine externalization and RBC-derived microparticles decreased. Overall deformability expressed as shear stress required to achieve half-maximum deformation to theoretical maximal elongation index at infinite shear stress improved in unfractioned RBCs (p < 0.001). Nitrite decreased in total (p = 0.001), young (p < 0.001), main (p < 0.001), and old (p = 0.020) aged RBCs and in plasma (p = 0.002), but not in very old RBCs. CONCLUSION These results indicate that non-endurance-trained healthy participants benefit from a regular moderate running training program because performance-related parameters improve and a younger RBC population with improved RBC properties is induced, which might support oxygen supply in the microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Bizjak
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany.
| | - Fabian Tomschi
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Gunnar Bales
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Elie Nader
- Laboratoire LIBM EA7424-Equipe "Biologie Vasculaire et du Globule Rouge", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69100, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge GR-Ex, Paris 75015, France
| | - Marc Romana
- Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge GR-Ex, Paris 75015, France; Université des Antilles, Inserm, Unité Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge, CHU de Pointe à Pitre, Pointe à Pitre, Guadeloupe 97157, France
| | - Philippe Connes
- Laboratoire LIBM EA7424-Equipe "Biologie Vasculaire et du Globule Rouge", Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne 69100, France; Laboratoire d'Excellence du Globule Rouge GR-Ex, Paris 75015, France; Institut Universitaire de France, Paris 75231, France
| | - Wilhelm Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany; The German Research Centre of Elite Sport, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany
| | - Marijke Grau
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne 50933, Germany
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Bray MA, Sartain SE, Gollamudi J, Rumbaut RE. Microvascular thrombosis: experimental and clinical implications. Transl Res 2020; 225:105-130. [PMID: 32454092 PMCID: PMC7245314 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A significant amount of clinical and research interest in thrombosis is focused on large vessels (eg, stroke, myocardial infarction, deep venous thrombosis, etc.); however, thrombosis is often present in the microcirculation in a variety of significant human diseases, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic microangiopathy, sickle cell disease, and others. Further, microvascular thrombosis has recently been demonstrated in patients with COVID-19, and has been proposed to mediate the pathogenesis of organ injury in this disease. In many of these conditions, microvascular thrombosis is accompanied by inflammation, an association referred to as thromboinflammation. In this review, we discuss endogenous regulatory mechanisms that prevent thrombosis in the microcirculation, experimental approaches to induce microvascular thrombi, and clinical conditions associated with microvascular thrombosis. A greater understanding of the links between inflammation and thrombosis in the microcirculation is anticipated to provide optimal therapeutic targets for patients with diseases accompanied by microvascular thrombosis.
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Key Words
- adamts13, a disintegrin-like and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 13
- ap, alternate pathway
- apc, activated protein c
- aps, antiphospholipid syndrome
- caps, catastrophic aps
- asfa, american society for apheresis
- atp, adenosine triphosphate
- cfh, complement factor h
- con a, concavalin a
- cox, cyclooxygenase
- damp, damage-associated molecular pattern
- dic, disseminated intravascular coagulation
- gbm, glomerular basement membrane
- hellp, hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets
- hitt, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis
- hlh, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
- hus, hemolytic-uremic syndrome
- isth, international society for thrombosis and haemostasis
- ivig, intravenous immunoglobulin
- ldh, lactate nos, nitric oxide synthase
- net, neutrophil extracellular trap
- pai-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- pf4, platelet factor 4
- prr, pattern recognition receptor
- rbc, red blood cell
- scd, sickle cell disease
- sle, systemic lupus erythematosus
- tlr, toll-like receptor
- tf, tissue factor
- tfpi, tissue factor pathway inhibitor
- tma, thrombotic microangiopathy
- tnf-α, tumor necrosis factor-α
- tpe, therapeutic plasma exchange
- ulc, ultra large heparin-pf4 complexes
- ulvwf, ultra-large von willebrand factor
- vwf, von willebrand factor
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica A Bray
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Sarah E Sartain
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jahnavi Gollamudi
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Rolando E Rumbaut
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CTRID), Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
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Yang X, Chatterjee V, Ma Y, Zheng E, Yuan SY. Protein Palmitoylation in Leukocyte Signaling and Function. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:600368. [PMID: 33195285 PMCID: PMC7655920 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.600368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylation is a post-translational modification (PTM) based on thioester-linkage between palmitic acid and the cysteine residue of a protein. This covalent attachment of palmitate is reversibly and dynamically regulated by two opposing sets of enzymes: palmitoyl acyltransferases containing a zinc finger aspartate-histidine-histidine-cysteine motif (PAT-DHHCs) and thioesterases. The reversible nature of palmitoylation enables fine-tuned regulation of protein conformation, stability, and ability to interact with other proteins. More importantly, the proper function of many surface receptors and signaling proteins requires palmitoylation-meditated partitioning into lipid rafts. A growing number of leukocyte proteins have been reported to undergo palmitoylation, including cytokine/chemokine receptors, adhesion molecules, pattern recognition receptors, scavenger receptors, T cell co-receptors, transmembrane adaptor proteins, and signaling effectors including the Src family of protein kinases. This review provides the latest findings of palmitoylated proteins in leukocytes and focuses on the functional impact of palmitoylation in leukocyte function related to adhesion, transmigration, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, pathogen recognition, signaling activation, cytotoxicity, and cytokine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Victor Chatterjee
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Yonggang Ma
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Ethan Zheng
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Sarah Y Yuan
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States.,Department of Surgery, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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Disrupted eNOS activity and expression account for vasodilator dysfunction in different stage of sepsis. Life Sci 2020; 264:118606. [PMID: 33091444 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Sepsis is a severe endothelial dysfunction syndrome. The role of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in endothelial dysfunction induced by sepsis is controversial. To explore the role of eNOS in vascular dysfunction. MAIN METHODS The effect of sepsis on vasodilation and eNOS levels was examined in septic mouse arteries and in cell models. KEY FINDINGS In early sepsis mouse arteries, endothelium-dependent relaxation decreased and phosphorylation of the inhibitory Thr495 site in endothelial nitric oxide synthase increased. Mechanically, the phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase at Thr497 in bovine aortic endothelial cells occurred in a protein kinase C-α dependent manner. In late sepsis, both nitric oxide-dependent relaxation responses and endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels were decreased in septic mice arteries. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase levels expression levels decreased in tumor necrosis factor-α-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells and this could be prevented by the ubiquitin proteasome inhibitor (MG-132). MG-132 could reverse the decrease in endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression and improve nitric oxide-dependent vasodilator dysfunction in septic mice arteries. SIGNIFICANCE These data indicate that vasodilator dysfunction is induced by the increased phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in early sepsis and its degradation in late sepsis.
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Blood haemoglobin, renal insufficiency, fractional flow reserve and plasma NT-proBNP is associated with index of microcirculatory resistance in chronic coronary syndrome. Int J Cardiol 2020; 317:1-6. [PMID: 32464253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2020.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMVD) is associated with adverse cardiovascular outcome. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CMVD and factors related to index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR) in consecutive patients with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) undergoing elective coronary angiography. METHODS AND RESULTS Non-interventional physicians enrolled 274 patients with CCS before angiography, to minimize selection bias by PCI-operators. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) and IMR were measured in the LAD. Subjects with extensively diseased LAD, no measures due to technical reasons or violation of protocol were excluded from the analysis (n = 54). The proportion of patients with IMR corrected for collateral flow (IMRcorr) >25 units was 25% (95% confidence interval [CI] 19%-31%) in all 220 patients. In subjects with FFR ≤0.80 in the LAD the proportion of IMRcorr > 25 units was 21% (95% CI 13%-30%) as compared to subjects with FFR >0.80, 29% (95% CI 21%-36%), p = .268. Haemoglobin (p < .005; r2 = 0.084), FFR in the LAD (p = .001; r2 = 0.049), creatinine clearance (p = .001; r2 = 0.049; inversely), and NT-proBNP (p = .038; r2 = 0.021) were independently associated with IMRcorr in multivariate linear regression analysis. CONCLUSIONS We report that IMRcorr is associated with renal dysfunction, NT-proBNP, FFR in the LAD and, for the first time, blood haemoglobin. One in four of patients referred for coronary angiography due to CCS have CMVD defined as IMRcorr > 25 in the LAD.
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Chakraborty P, Dugmonits KN, Orvos H, Hermesz E. Mature Twin Neonates Exhibit Oxidative Stress via Nitric Oxide Synthase Dysfunctionality: A Prognostic Stress Marker in the Red Blood Cells and Umbilical Cord Vessels. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9090845. [PMID: 32927592 PMCID: PMC7555925 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9090845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Intrauterine hypoxic condition increases the generation of reactive oxygen species and fetal oxidative stress. Multiple pregnancy always bears an additional oxidative stress condition with severe complications, such as prematurity, structural abnormalities, delayed development and low birthweight. The umbilical cord (UC) vessels, along with circulating fetal red blood cells (RBCs), highly determine the oxygenation status of fetus and regulate the feto-placental circulation. As UC lacks innervation, the activation of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3) is fundamental for proper NO production. Therefore, we aimed to study the NOS3 activation pathways along with damages to macromolecules in the endothelium of UC vessels and RBCs of mature non-discordant twins, in connection to major differences in their birth weight. We provide evidence that, under severe hypoxic conditions such as twin pregnancy, the NOS3-related NO production pathways are altered both in UC vessels and RBCs; moreover, the extent of changes is highly birthweight-specific. Furthermore, macromolecular damages are prominent in the RBCs and arteries compared to the vein, with a similar increase in the Arginase1 level, which is believed to play a role in NOS3 functionality, resulting in endothelial dysfunctionality, which might have relevance to the major etiologies of cardiovascular diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O.Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary; (P.C.); (K.N.D.)
| | - Krisztina N. Dugmonits
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O.Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary; (P.C.); (K.N.D.)
| | - Hajnalka Orvos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, P.O.Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Edit Hermesz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, P.O.Box 533, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary; (P.C.); (K.N.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +36-62-544887
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Kreisel W, Schaffner D, Lazaro A, Trebicka J, Merfort I, Schmitt-Graeff A, Deibert P. Phosphodiesterases in the Liver as Potential Therapeutic Targets of Cirrhotic Portal Hypertension. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6223. [PMID: 32872119 PMCID: PMC7503357 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is a frequent condition with high impact on patients' life expectancy and health care systems. Cirrhotic portal hypertension (PH) gradually develops with deteriorating liver function and can lead to life-threatening complications. Other than an increase in intrahepatic flow resistance due to morphological remodeling of the organ, a functional dysregulation of the sinusoids, the smallest functional units of liver vasculature, plays a pivotal role. Vascular tone is primarily regulated by the nitric oxide-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-cGMP) pathway, wherein soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) and phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) are key enzymes. Recent data showed characteristic alterations in the expression of these regulatory enzymes or metabolite levels in liver cirrhosis. Additionally, a disturbed zonation of the components of this pathway along the sinusoids was detected. This review describes current knowledge of the pathophysiology of PH with focus on the enzymes regulating cGMP availability, i.e., sGC and PDE-5. The results have primarily been obtained in animal models of liver cirrhosis. However, clinical and histochemical data suggest that the new biochemical model we propose can be applied to human liver cirrhosis. The role of PDE-5 as potential target for medical therapy of PH is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Kreisel
- Department of Medicine II, Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Denise Schaffner
- Institute for Exercise and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (D.S.); (A.L.); (P.D.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
- Department of Radiology–Medical Physics, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adhara Lazaro
- Institute for Exercise and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (D.S.); (A.L.); (P.D.)
| | - Jonel Trebicka
- Translational Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine I, Goethe University Clinic Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany;
| | - Irmgard Merfort
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany;
| | | | - Peter Deibert
- Institute for Exercise and Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (D.S.); (A.L.); (P.D.)
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Modulation of Endothelial Glycocalyx and Microcirculation in Healthy Young Men during High-Intensity Sprint Interval Cycling-Exercise by Supplementation with Pomegranate Extract. A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124405. [PMID: 32575441 PMCID: PMC7344862 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The natural components of the pomegranate fruit may provide additional benefits for endothelial function and microcirculation. It was hypothesized that supplementation with pomegranate extract might improve glycocalyx properties and microcirculation during acute high-intensity sprint interval cycling exercise. Eighteen healthy and recreationally active male volunteers 22-28 years of age were recruited randomly to the experimental and control groups. The experimental group was supplemented with pomegranate extract 20 mL (720 mg phenolic compounds) for two weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, the participants completed a high-intensity sprint interval cycling-exercise protocol. The microcirculation flow and density parameters, glycocalyx markers, systemic hemodynamics, lactate, and glucose concentration were evaluated before and after the initial and repeated (after 2 weeks supplementation) exercise bouts. There were no significant differences in the microcirculation or glycocalyx over the course of the study (p < 0.05). The lactate concentration was significantly higher in both groups after the initial and repeated exercise bouts, and were significantly higher in the experimental group compared to the control group after the repeated bout: 13.2 (11.9-14.8) vs. 10.3 (9.3-12.7) mmol/L, p = 0.017. Two weeks of supplementation with pomegranate extract does not influence changes in the microcirculation and glycocalyx during acute high-intensity sprint interval cycling-exercise. Although an unexplained rise in blood lactate concentration was observed.
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Negri S, Faris P, Pellavio G, Botta L, Orgiu M, Forcaia G, Sancini G, Laforenza U, Moccia F. Group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors trigger glutamate-induced intracellular Ca 2+ signals and nitric oxide release in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2020; 77:2235-2253. [PMID: 31473770 PMCID: PMC11104941 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the mechanism whereby an increase in neuronal activity causes an increase in local cerebral blood flow (CBF) to ensure local supply of oxygen and nutrients to the activated areas. The excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate gates post-synaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors to mediate extracellular Ca2+ entry and stimulate neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase to release NO, thereby triggering NVC. Recent work suggested that endothelial Ca2+ signals could underpin NVC by recruiting the endothelial NO synthase. For instance, acetylcholine induced intracellular Ca2+ signals followed by NO release by activating muscarinic 5 receptors in hCMEC/D3 cells, a widely employed model of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Herein, we sought to assess whether also glutamate elicits metabotropic Ca2+ signals and NO release in hCMEC/D3 cells. Glutamate induced a dose-dependent increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) that was blocked by α-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine and phenocopied by trans-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylic acid, which, respectively, block and activate group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Accordingly, hCMEC/D3 expressed both mGluR1 and mGluR5 and the Ca2+ response to glutamate was inhibited by their pharmacological blockade with, respectively, CPCCOEt and MTEP hydrochloride. The Ca2+ response to glutamate was initiated by endogenous Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum and endolysosomal Ca2+ store through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and two-pore channels, respectively, and sustained by store-operated Ca2+ entry. In addition, glutamate induced robust NO release that was suppressed by pharmacological blockade of the accompanying increase in [Ca2+]i. These data demonstrate for the first time that glutamate may induce metabotropic Ca2+ signals in human brain microvascular endothelial cells. The Ca2+ response to glutamate is likely to support NVC during neuronal activity, thereby reinforcing the emerging role of brain microvascular endothelial cells in the regulation of CBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Research Center, Salahaddin University, Erbil, Kurdistan-Region of Iraq, Iraq
| | - Giorgia Pellavio
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Botta
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Matteo Orgiu
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Greta Forcaia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Giulio Sancini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Umberto Laforenza
- Human Physiology Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Forlanini 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
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Hypertonic Saline Solution Reduces Microcirculatory Dysfunction and Inflammation in a Rat Model of Brain Death. Shock 2020; 51:495-501. [PMID: 29688986 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain death (BD) induces hemodynamic instability with microcirculatory hypoperfusion, leading to increased organ inflammation and dysfunction. This study investigated the effects of 7.5% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) on mesenteric microcirculatory dysfunction and inflammation in a rat model of BD. METHODS Male Wistar rats were anesthetized and mechanically ventilated. BD was induced by rapidly inflating an intracranial balloon catheter. The rats were randomly divided into: SH, sham-operated rats subjected to trepanation; NS, rats treated with NaCl 0.9%, 4 mL/kg immediately after BD; T1, rats treated with HSS (NaCl 7.5%, 4 mL/kg) immediately or 60 min after BD, T60. All groups were analyzed 180 min after the start of the experiment. RESULTS Rats in BD groups presented with a similar hypertensive peak, followed by hypotension. Proportion of perfused small vessels was decreased in the NS group (46%) compared with the SH group (74%, P = 0.0039). HSS restored the proportion of perfused vessels (T1 = 71%, P = 0.0018). The anti-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) protein expression significantly increased in rats given HSS (T1, and T60, P = 0.0002). Similar results were observed regarding endothelin-1 (P < 0.0001). Increased numbers of rolling (P = 0.0015) and migrated (P = 0.0063) leukocytes were observed in the NS group compared with the SH group. Rats given HSS demonstrated an overall reduction in leukocyte-endothelial interactions. The ICAM-1 levels increased in the NS group compared with the SH group, and decreased in the HSS-treated groups (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSIONS HSS may improve the density of mesenteric perfused small vessels due to its effects on eNOS and endothelin-1 protein expression, and reduces inflammation by decreasing leukocyte adhesion and migration in a rat model of BD.
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lncRNA ZFAS1 Improves Neuronal Injury and Inhibits Inflammation, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis by Sponging miR-582 and Upregulating NOS3 Expression in Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Inflammation 2020; 43:1337-1350. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01212-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Moccia F, Negri S, Faris P, Berra-Romani R. Targeting the Endothelial Ca2+ Toolkit to Rescue Endothelial Dysfunction in Obesity Associated-Hypertension. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:240-257. [PMID: 31486745 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190905142135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a major cardiovascular risk factor which dramatically impairs endothelium- dependent vasodilation and leads to hypertension and vascular damage. The impairment of the vasomotor response to extracellular autacoids, e.g., acetylcholine, mainly depends on the reduced Nitric Oxide (NO) bioavailability, which hampers vasorelaxation in large conduit arteries. In addition, obesity may affect Endothelium-Dependent Hyperpolarization (EDH), which drives vasorelaxation in small resistance arteries and arterioles. Of note, endothelial Ca2+ signals drive NO release and trigger EDH. METHODS A structured search of bibliographic databases was carried out to retrieve the most influential, recent articles on the impairment of vasorelaxation in animal models of obesity, including obese Zucker rats, and on the remodeling of the endothelial Ca2+ toolkit under conditions that mimic obesity. Furthermore, we searched for articles discussing how dietary manipulation could be exploited to rescue Ca2+-dependent vasodilation. RESULTS We found evidence that the endothelial Ca2+ could be severely affected by obese vessels. This rearrangement could contribute to endothelial damage and is likely to be involved in the disruption of vasorelaxant mechanisms. However, several Ca2+-permeable channels, including Vanilloid Transient Receptor Potential (TRPV) 1, 3 and 4 could be stimulated by several food components to stimulate vasorelaxation in obese individuals. CONCLUSION The endothelial Ca2+ toolkit could be targeted to reduce vascular damage and rescue endothelium- dependent vasodilation in obese vessels. This hypothesis remains, however, to be probed on truly obese endothelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Moccia
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sharon Negri
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pawan Faris
- Laboratory of General Physiology, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "Lazzaro Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Roberto Berra-Romani
- Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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Cellular microdomains for nitric oxide signaling in endothelium and red blood cells. Nitric Oxide 2020; 96:44-53. [PMID: 31911123 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2020.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
There is accumulating evidence that biological membranes are not just homogenous lipid structures, but are highly organized in microdomains, i.e. compartmentalized areas of protein and lipid complexes, which facilitate necessary interactions for various signaling pathways. Each microdomain exhibits unique composition, membrane location and dynamics, which ultimately shape their functional characteristics. In the vasculature, microdomains are crucial for organizing and compartmentalizing vasodilatory signals that contribute to blood pressure homeostasis. In this review we aim to describe how membrane microdomains in both the endothelium and red blood cells allow context-specific regulation of the vasodilatory signal nitric oxide (NO) and its corresponding metabolic products, and how this results in tightly controlled systemic physiological responses. We will describe (1) structural characteristics of microdomains including lipid rafts and caveolae; (2) endothelial cell caveolae and how they participate in mechanosensing and NO-dependent mechanotransduction; (3) the myoendothelial junction of resistance arterial endothelial cells and how protein-protein interactions within it have profound systemic effects on blood pressure regulation, and (4) putative/proposed NO microdomains in RBCs and how they participate in control of systemic NO bioavailability. The sum of these discussions will provide a current view of NO regulation by cellular microdomains.
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López-Sánchez LM, Aranda E, Rodríguez-Ariza A. Nitric oxide and tumor metabolic reprogramming. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 176:113769. [PMID: 31862448 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.113769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) has been highlighted as an important agent in tumor processes. However, a complete understanding of the mechanisms by which this simple diatomic molecule contributes in tumorigenesis is lacking. Evidence is rapidly accumulating that metabolic reprogramming is a major new aspect of NO biology and this review is aimed to summarize recent research progress on this novel feature that expands the complex and multifaceted role of NO in cancer. Therefore, we discuss how NO may influence glucose and glutamine utilization by tumor cells, and its participation in the regulation of mitochondrial function and dynamics, that is an important mechanism through which cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to meet the biosynthetic needs of rapid proliferation. Finally, we also discuss the NO-related metabolic rewiring involved in the modification of the tumor microenvironment to support cancer invasion and the escape from immune system-mediated recognition. Protein S-nitrosylation appears as a common mechanism by which NO signaling reprograms metabolism. Hence, future research is needed on dysregulated S-nitrosylation/denitrosylation in cancer to comprehend the NO-induced metabolic changes in tumor cells and the role of NO in the metabolic crosstalk within tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M López-Sánchez
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E14004 Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, E 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique Aranda
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E14004 Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, E 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Antonio Rodríguez-Ariza
- Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC), Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E14004 Córdoba, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Av. Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, E 28029 Madrid, Spain; Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Oncología Médica, Hospital Reina Sofía, Universidad de Córdoba, Av. Menéndez Pidal s/n, E14004 Córdoba, Spain.
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Chakraborty P, Dugmonits KN, Végh AG, Hollandi R, Horváth P, Maléth J, Hegyi P, Németh G, Hermesz E. Failure in the compensatory mechanism in red blood cells due to sustained smoking during pregnancy. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 313:108821. [PMID: 31525342 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Decrease in the bioavailability of vasoactive nitric oxide (NO), derived from the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS3), underlines vascular endothelial damage. Our expanding knowledge on mature red blood cells (RBCs) makes it supposable that RBCs might contribute to vascular function and integrity via their active NO synthetizing system (RBC-NOS3). This "rescue" mechanism of RBCs could be especially important during pregnancy with smoking habit, when smoking acts as an additional stressor and causes active change in the redox status. In this study RBC populations of 82 non-smoking (RBC-NS) and 75 smoking (RBC-S) pregnant women were examined. Morphological variants were followed by confocal microscopy and quantified by a microscopy based intelligent analysis software. Fluorescence activated cell sorting was used to examine the translational and posttranslational regulation of RBC-NOS, Arginase-1 and the formation of the major product of lipid peroxidation, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal. To survey the rheological parameters of RBCs like elasticity and plasticity atomic force microscopy-based measurement was applied. Significant morphological and functional differences of RBCs were found between the non-smoking and smoking groups. The phenotypic variations in RBC-S population, even the characteristic biconcave disc-shaped cells, could be connected to impaired NOS3 activation and are compromised in their physiological properties. Membrane lipid studies reveal an elevated lipid oxidation state well paralleled with the changed elastic and plastic activities. These features can form a basic tool in the prenatal health screening conditions; hence the compensatory mechanism of RBC-S population completely fails to sense and rescue the acute oxidative stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Chakraborty
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Krisztina N Dugmonits
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Attila G Végh
- Institute of Biophysics and Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Réka Hollandi
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Horváth
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Centre, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - József Maléth
- First Department of Medicine, University of Szeged, Hungary; HAS-USZ Momentum Epithel Cell Signalling and Secretion Research Group, Hungary
| | - Péter Hegyi
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Gábor Németh
- Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Hermesz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
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Wang H, Yao Y, Liu J, Cao Y, Si C, Zheng R, Zeng C, Guan H, Li L. Dopamine D 4 receptor protected against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction via PI3K /eNOS pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 518:554-559. [PMID: 31447121 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.08.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction is generally believed to be the basis of diabetic vascular complications. Dopamine receptors is known to play an important protective role in diabetes. However, the protective effect of dopamine receptors against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial damage in diabetic rats is still unknown. In the present study, we established a cell model of hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction by treating human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) with high glucose. MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays results showed that high glucose treatment significantly reduced the cell viability and down-regulated dopamine D4 receptor. Pre-treatment with PD168077, a specific D4 receptor agonist, greatly improved endothelial cell viability and decreased apoptosis. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) eliminated the protective effect of D4 receptor against endothelial injury. More importantly, the expression level of D4 receptor was also dramatically down-regulated in the arterial endothelium of rats with streptozotocin-(STZ)-induced diabetes, and the STZ-induced impairment of acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was reversed by activation of D4 receptor. In conclusion, our results indicated that dopamine D4 receptor protected against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction via the PI3K/eNOS pathway, which may provide a novel strategy in the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China
| | - Yonggang Yao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Chongqing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Juncheng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China
| | - Yingjie Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China
| | - Chunying Si
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China
| | - Rongfei Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Chongqing Institute of Cardiology, Chongqing Key Laboratory for Hypertension Research, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Huaimin Guan
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Henan, PR China.
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, PR China.
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Endothelial Ca 2+ Signaling, Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis: just What It Takes to Make a Blood Vessel. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20163962. [PMID: 31416282 PMCID: PMC6721072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It has long been known that endothelial Ca2+ signals drive angiogenesis by recruiting multiple Ca2+-sensitive decoders in response to pro-angiogenic cues, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, stromal derived factor-1α and angiopoietins. Recently, it was shown that intracellular Ca2+ signaling also drives vasculogenesis by stimulation proliferation, tube formation and neovessel formation in endothelial progenitor cells. Herein, we survey how growth factors, chemokines and angiogenic modulators use endothelial Ca2+ signaling to regulate angiogenesis and vasculogenesis. The endothelial Ca2+ response to pro-angiogenic cues may adopt different waveforms, ranging from Ca2+ transients or biphasic Ca2+ signals to repetitive Ca2+ oscillations, and is mainly driven by endogenous Ca2+ release through inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and by store-operated Ca2+ entry through Orai1 channels. Lysosomal Ca2+ release through nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate-gated two-pore channels is, however, emerging as a crucial pro-angiogenic pathway, which sustains intracellular Ca2+ mobilization. Understanding how endothelial Ca2+ signaling regulates angiogenesis and vasculogenesis could shed light on alternative strategies to induce therapeutic angiogenesis or interfere with the aberrant vascularization featuring cancer and intraocular disorders.
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Review of a Potential Novel Approach for Erectile Dysfunction: Light-Controllable Nitric Oxide Donors and Nanoformulations. Sex Med Rev 2019; 8:297-302. [PMID: 31351914 DOI: 10.1016/j.sxmr.2019.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nitric oxide (NO) is known as the key factor involved in initiating and maintaining an erection. Therefore, NO supplementation may be a target for erectile dysfunction. However, the use of NO donors carries the risk of systemic side effects. Recently, novel NO donors, such as a light-controllable NO donor or NO donor in nanoparticles, have been developed. In this review, we introduce such novel compounds and methods. AIM To review light-controllable and nanotechnological NO donors for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. METHODS We conducted a review of relevant articles via PubMed in December 2018. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In this study, we reviewed novel NO donors, such as light-controllable NO donors and nanotechnological NO donors. RESULTS Some light-controllable NO donors have been already reported. A light-controllable NO donor without metal has also been recently developed. Light-controllable NO donors and light irradiation can control the release of NO spatiotemporally. In an isometric tension study, a relaxing response of the aortic tissue and penile corpus cavernosum was observed under light irradiation with a light-controllable NO donor. In addition, the effects of nanoparticles and nanoemulsions containing sodium nitrate on erectile function have been reported. The nanoformulation containing an NO donor can likely be absorbed percutaneously and, thus, enhance erectile function. CONCLUSIONS A light-controllable NO donor might be useful for treating erectile dysfunction because light irradiation is a convenient method to be applied for patients. However, light permeability might be an issue that needs to be solved. Nanoformulation is also likely to be a useful, non-invasive approach. The application of these procedures and compounds may help in the development of future treatments for erectile dysfunction. Hotta Y, Kataoka T, Taiki Mori T, et al. Review of a Potential Novel Approach for Erectile Dysfunction: Light-Controllable Nitric Oxide Donors and Nanoformulations. Sex Med Rev 2020;8:297-302.
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Lataro RM, Silva MAB, Mestriner FL, Cau SBA, Tostes RCA, Salgado HC. Chronic Treatment With Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors Attenuates Vascular Dysfunction in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Am J Hypertens 2019; 32:579-587. [PMID: 30875426 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetylcholinesterase inhibition prevents autonomic imbalance, reduces inflammation, and attenuates the development of hypertension. Considering that vascular dysfunction is a crucial feature of arterial hypertension, we investigated the effects of chronic administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors-pyridostigmine or donepezil-on vascular reactivity of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS Endothelium-dependent relaxant responses to acetylcholine (ACh) and contractile responses induced by electric field stimulation (EFS) and alpha-adrenergic agonist were studied in mesenteric resistance arteries from SHR and Wistar Kyoto rats. SHR were treated for 16 weeks with vehicle, pyridostigmine (1.5 mg/kg/day) or donepezil (1.4 mg/kg/day). RESULTS Pyridostigmine and donepezil decreased the vasoconstrictor responses to EFS, which were increased in vehicle-treated SHR. Acetylcholinesterase inhibition increased the modulatory effects of nitric oxide (NO) on SHR vascular reactivity, that is, N(ω)-nitro-(L)-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) increased EFS-induced contractions and reduced ACh-induced relaxation, with more significant effects in pyridostigmine- and donepezil-treated SHR. The acetylcholinesterase inhibitors also decreased vascular reactive oxygen species levels. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time that long-term administration of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, pyridostigmine or donepezil, attenuates vascular reactivity dysfunction in SHR by decreasing reactive oxygen species generation and increasing NO bioavailability; possibly via increased endothelial NO synthase activity, and inhibition of NADPH oxidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata M Lataro
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marcondes A B Silva
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fabiola L Mestriner
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Stefany B A Cau
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Rita C A Tostes
- Department of Physiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Helio C Salgado
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Costa D, Benincasa G, Lucchese R, Infante T, Nicoletti GF, Napoli C. Effect of nitric oxide reduction on arterial thrombosis. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2019; 53:1-8. [DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2019.1581943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dario Costa
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Giuditta Benincasa
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Lucchese
- U.O.C. Division of Immunohematology, Transfusion Medicine and Transplant Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine and Specialistics, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Francesco Nicoletti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudio Napoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical, Neurological, Metabolic and Aging Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- IRCCS SDN, Naples, Italy
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50
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Tata CM, Sewani-Rusike CR, Oyedeji OO, Gwebu ET, Mahlakata F, Nkeh-Chungag BN. Antihypertensive effects of the hydro-ethanol extract of Senecio serratuloides DC in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 19:52. [PMID: 30819180 PMCID: PMC6394053 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-019-2463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Senecio serratuloides DC is used in folk medicine for treating hypertension, skin disorders, internal and external sores, rashes, burns and wounds. This study aimed at investigating the antihypertensive effects of the hydroethanol extract of S. serratuloides (HESS) in N-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) induced hypertension in rats. METHODS Acute toxicity of HESS was first determined to provide guidance on doses to be used in this study. Lorke's method was used to determine safety of the extract in mice. Female Wistar rats were treated orally once daily with L-NAME (40 mg/kg) for 4 weeks and then concomitantly with L-NAME (20 mg/kg) and plant extract (150 and 300 mg/kg), captopril (20 mg/kg) or saline as per assigned group for 2 weeks followed by a 2-week period of assigned treatments only. Blood pressure was monitored weekly. Lipid profile, nitric oxide, renin and angiotensin II concentrations were determined in serum while mineralocorticoid receptor concentration was quantified in the kidney homogenate. Nitric oxide (NO) concentration was determined in serum and cardiac histology performed. RESULTS HESS was found to be non-toxic, having a LD50 greater than 5000 mg/kg. Blood pressure increased progressively in all animals from the second week of L-NAME treatment. HESS treatment significantly and dose-dependently lowered systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.01), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.01) and triglycerides (p < 0.01). It significantly prevented L-NAME induced decrease in serum angiotensin II (p < 0.01), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (p < 0.001) and serum nitric oxide concentrations (p < 0.001). HESS also significantly (p < 0.01) prevented collagen deposition in cardiac tissue. CONCLUSION The hydro-ethanol extract of Senecio serratuloides showed antihypertensive, antihyperlipidemic and cardioprotective effects in rats thus confirming its usefulness in traditional antihypertensive therapy and potential for antihypertensive drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Mungho Tata
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, 5117 South Africa
| | | | - Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, PBX1314, Alice, Eastern Cape Province 5700 South Africa
| | - Ephraim Tobela Gwebu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rusangu University, Monze, Zambia
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