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Aljedaie MM, Alam P. In silico identification of human microRNAs pointing centrin genes in Leishmania donovani: Considering the RNAi-mediated gene control. Front Genet 2024; 14:1329339. [PMID: 38390455 PMCID: PMC10883313 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1329339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease caused by different species of the protozoa parasite Leishmania, is a neglected tropical human disease that is endemic in about a hundred countries worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the annual incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is estimated to be 0.7-1.2 million cases globally, whereas the annual incidence of visceral leishmaniasis is estimated to be 0.2-0.4 million cases. In many eukaryotic organisms, including human beings and protozoan parasites, centrin genes encode proteins that play essential roles within the centrosome or basal body. Human microRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to several infectious and non-infectious diseases associated with pathogen-host interactions, and they play the emphatic roles as gene expression regulators. In this study, we used the MirTarget bioinformatics tool, which is a machine learning-based approach implemented in miRDB, to predict the target of human miRNAs in Leishmania donovani centrin genes. For cross-validation, we utilized additional prediction algorithms, namely, RNA22 and RNAhybrid, targeting all five centrin isotypes. The centrin-3 (LDBPK_342160) and putative centrin-5 (NC_018236.1) genes in L. donovani were targeted by eight and twelve human miRNAs, respectively, among 2,635 known miRNAs (miRBase). hsa-miR-5193 consistently targeted both genes. Using TargetScan, TarBase, miRecords, and miRTarBase, we identified miRNA targets and off-targets in human homologs of centrin, inflammation, and immune-responsive genes. Significant targets were screened based on GO terminologies and KEGG pathway-enrichment analysis (Log10 p-value >0.0001). In silico tools that predict the biological roles of human miRNAs as primary gene regulators in pathogen-host interactions help unravel the regulatory patterns of these miRNAs, particularly in the early stages of inflammatory responses. It is also noted that these miRNAs played an important role in the late phase of adaptive immune response, inclusively their impacts on the immune system's response to L. donovani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manei M Aljedaie
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Wang H, Zhou Z, Lin W, Qian Y, He S, Wang J. MicroRNA-21 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) induced transition of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to cancer-associated fibroblasts. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1135. [PMID: 37993769 PMCID: PMC10666302 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11630-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most patients diagnosed with head and neck tumor will present with locally advanced disease, requiring multimodality therapy. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) respond to a variety of tumor cell-derived signals, such as inflammatory cytokines and growth factors. As a result, the inflammatory tumor microenvironment may lead to the recruitment of BMSCs. Whether BMSCs in the tumor environment are more likely to promote tumor growth or tumor suppression is still controversial. We aimed to determine whether microRNA-21(miR-21) would play a vital role in HNSCC induced transition of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSCs) to cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). METHODS In this study, we used electron microscope to observed exosomes collected from human tissue and two cell lines. We co-cultured hBMSCs with exosomes from FaDu and Cal-27 cells with miR-21 inhibited or not, then assessed cell cycle changes of hBMSCs with flow cytometry and determined expression level of α-SMA and FAP through qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS We observed an up-regulation of miR-21 expression in HNSCC tissue and FaDu and Cal-27 cells. Importantly, the exosomes derived from both cells induced CAFs-like characteristics in hBMSCs. while treatment with a miR-21 inhibitor effectively suppressed the transition of hBMSCs to CAFs and reversed the changes in the cell cycle distribution. This suggests that miR-21 plays a crucial role in facilitating the transition of hBMSCs to CAFs and modulating the cell cycle dynamics. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the significance of miR-21 in mediating the communication between HNSCC cells and hBMSCs through exosomes, leading to the promotion of CAFs-like features and alterations in the cell cycle of hBMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Zhengyu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wenchao Lin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Yechun Qian
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China
| | - Shifang He
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ruijin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200020, China.
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Stevenson ER, Smith LC, Wilkinson ML, Lee SJ, Gow AJ. Etiology of lipid-laden macrophages in the lung. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110719. [PMID: 37595492 PMCID: PMC10734282 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Uniquely positioned as sentinel cells constantly exposed to the environment, pulmonary macrophages are vital for the maintenance of the lung lining. These cells are responsible for the clearance of xenobiotics, pathogen detection and clearance, and homeostatic functions such as surfactant recycling. Among the spectrum of phenotypes that may be expressed by macrophages in the lung, the pulmonary lipid-laden phenotype is less commonly studied in comparison to its circulatory counterpart, the atherosclerotic lesion-associated foam cell, or the acutely activated inflammatory macrophage. Herein, we propose that lipid-laden macrophage formation in the lung is governed by lipid acquisition, storage, metabolism, and export processes. The cellular balance of these four processes is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis and the prevention of aberrant signaling that may contribute to lung pathologies. This review aims to examine mechanisms and signaling pathways that are involved in lipid-laden macrophage formation and the potential consequences of this phenotype in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- E R Stevenson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - L C Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - M L Wilkinson
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - S J Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
| | - A J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States
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Khowawisetsut L, Vimonpatranon S, Lekmanee K, Sawasdipokin H, Srimark N, Chotivanich K, Pattanapanyasat K. Differential Effect of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Plasmodium falciparum-Infected Red Blood Cells on Monocyte Polarization. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:2631. [PMID: 36768950 PMCID: PMC9916780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Malaria is a life-threatening tropical arthropod-borne disease caused by Plasmodium spp. Monocytes are the primary immune cells to eliminate malaria-infected red blood cells. Thus, the monocyte's functions are one of the crucial factors in controlling parasite growth. It is reasoned that the activation or modulation of monocyte function by parasite products might dictate the rate of disease progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), microvesicles, and exosomes, released from infected red blood cells, mediate intercellular communication and control the recipient cell function. This study aimed to investigate the physical characteristics of EVs derived from culture-adapted P. falciparum isolates (Pf-EVs) from different clinical malaria outcomes and their impact on monocyte polarization. The results showed that all P. falciparum strains released similar amounts of EVs with some variation in size characteristics. The effect of Pf-EV stimulation on M1/M2 monocyte polarization revealed a more pronounced effect on CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocytes than the CD14+CD16- classical monocytes with a marked induction of Pf-EVs from a severe malaria strain. However, no difference in the levels of microRNAs (miR), miR-451a, miR-486, and miR-92a among Pf-EVs derived from virulent and nonvirulent strains was found, suggesting that miR in Pf-EVs might not be a significant factor in driving M2-like monocyte polarization. Future studies on other biomolecules in Pf-EVs derived from the P. falciparum strain with high virulence that induce M2-like polarization are therefore recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladawan Khowawisetsut
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Sinmanus Vimonpatranon
- Graduate Program in Immunology, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kittima Lekmanee
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Hathai Sawasdipokin
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Narinee Srimark
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kesinee Chotivanich
- Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kovit Pattanapanyasat
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Microparticle and Exosome in Diseases, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
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Qin L, Yang J, Su X, Xilan li, Lei Y, Dong L, Chen H, Chen C, Zhao C, Zhang H, Deng J, Hu N, Huang W. The miR-21-5p enriched in the apoptotic bodies of M2 macrophage-derived extracellular vesicles alleviates osteoarthritis by changing macrophage phenotype. Genes Dis 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Jafarzadeh A, Nemati M, Aminizadeh N, Bodhale N, Sarkar A, Jafarzadeh S, Sharifi I, Saha B. Bidirectional cytokine-microRNA control: A novel immunoregulatory framework in leishmaniasis. PLoS Pathog 2022; 18:e1010696. [PMID: 35925884 PMCID: PMC9351994 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As effector innate immune cells and as a host to the protozoan parasite Leishmania, macrophages play a dual role in antileishmanial immunoregulation. The 2 key players in this immunoregulation are the macrophage-expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) and the macrophage-secreted cytokines. miRNAs, as small noncoding RNAs, play vital roles in macrophage functions including cytokines and chemokines production. In the reverse direction, Leishmania-regulated cytokines alter miRNAs expression to regulate the antileishmanial functions of macrophages. The miRNA patterns vary with the time and stage of infection. The cytokine-regulated macrophage miRNAs not only help parasite elimination or persistence but also regulate cytokine production from macrophages. Based on these observations, we propose a novel immunoregulatory framework as a scientific rationale for antileishmanial therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- * E-mail: (AJ); (BS)
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Immunology of Infectious Diseases Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Haematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Najmeh Aminizadeh
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Branch of Kerman, Kerman
| | | | - Arup Sarkar
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sara Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre For Cell Science, Pune, India
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
- * E-mail: (AJ); (BS)
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Role of magnesium-doped calcium sulfate and β-tricalcium phosphate composite ceramics in macrophage polarization and osteo-induction. Odontology 2022; 110:735-746. [PMID: 35653001 PMCID: PMC9463206 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the current study, we explored the role of Mg2+-doped CaSO4/β-TCP composite biopolymer in regulating macrophage polarization and its relation with enhanced osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells. Furthermore, mechanism underling the regulation of macrophage polarization by CaSO4/β-TCP was evaluated. Mg2+-doped CaSO4/β-TCP composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Macrophage polarization was characterized using flow cytometry analysis. Macrophage morphometric analysis was conducted by FITC phalloidin staining. Western blot and qRT-PCR assays were used to assess gene expression levels and miRNAs, respectively. SEM morphology of CaSO4/β-TCP ceramic revealed a particle size of 10–50 μm, and XRD spectrum showed that characteristic peak of samples was consistent with that of CaSO4 and β-TCP. Results from flow cytometry evidenced significant upregulation of M2 macrophage markers after adding ceramic biopolymer, indicating the induction of inactivated M0 macrophage polarization to M2 macrophage. Macrophage morphometric analysis revealed development of lamellar pseudopodia on day 7 in CaSO4/β-TCP group. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed high positivity rate of 90.34% (CD44) and 89.36% (CD146). qRT-PCR results showed that the level of miR-21-5p was significantly decreased in M2 macrophages. Moreover, western blot analysis revealed upregulated expression levels of RUNX2, osterix (Osx), and osteopontin (OPN), and ELISA exhibited increase in cytokine levels (IL-1β, IL-10, TGF-β1, and BMP-2) in the presence of macrophages, indicating the osteogenic differentiation ability of periodontal ligament stem cells. The study evidenced the regulation of macrophage polarization by Mg2+-doped CaSO4/β-TCP composite ceramic and its mediation through lncRNA PVT1/miR-21-5p/smad2 molecular axis.
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Wang Y, Liu X, Xia P, Li Z, FuChen X, Shen Y, Yu P, Zhang J. The Regulatory Role of MicroRNAs on Phagocytes: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Chronic Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:901166. [PMID: 35634335 PMCID: PMC9130478 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.901166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
An effective acute inflammatory response results in the elimination of infectious microorganisms, followed by a smooth transition to resolution and repair. During the inflammatory response, neutrophils play a crucial role in antimicrobial defense as the first cells to reach the site of infection damage. However, if the neutrophils that have performed the bactericidal effect are not removed in time, the inflammatory response will not be able to subside. Anti-inflammatory macrophages are the main scavengers of neutrophils and can promote inflammation towards resolution. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have great potential as clinical targeted therapy and have attracted much attention in recent years. This paper summarizes the involvement of miRNAs in the process of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating lipid metabolism, cytokine secretion, inflammatory factor synthesis and tissue repair in two types of cells. This will provide a certain reference for miRNA-targeted treatment of chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbo Wang
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xingyu Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Panpan Xia
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhangwang Li
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinxi FuChen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Peng Yu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
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Zhao N, Yu H, Xi Y, Dong M, Wang Y, Sun C, Zhang J, Xu N, Liu W. MicroRNA-221-5p promotes [Korcheva, 2007 #167] via PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by targeting COL4a5. Toxicon 2022; 212:11-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ma X, Liu H, Zhu J, Zhang C, Peng Y, Mao Z, Jing Y, Chen F. miR-185-5p Regulates Inflammation and Phagocytosis through CDC42/JNK Pathway in Macrophages. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030468. [PMID: 35328023 PMCID: PMC8955717 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation is an essential component of systemic chronic inflammation and chronic inflammatory diseases. Emerging evidence implicates miR-185-5p in chronic inflammation diseases. However, the regulatory role of miR-185-5p in macrophage pro-inflammatory activation has not been studied previously. Here, we identified that miR-185-5p was one of the top genes and effectively downregulated in two macrophage miRNA expression datasets from GEO. Under LPS stress, miR-185-5p overexpression reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, suppressed phagocytosis in RAW264.7 macrophage. miR-185-5p inhibitors augmented pro-inflammatory effects of LPS in macrophage. Mechanically, miR-185-5p sponged and negatively regulated the protein expression of CDC42. Ablation of CDC42 with selective CDC42 inhibitor CASIN reversed the pro-inflammatory effect of miR-185-5p inhibitors through inhibiting MAPK/JNK pathways. Collectively, these data demonstrate that miR-185-5p exhibited anti-inflammatory functions in LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages at least partially through CDC42/JNK pathways. Our findings yield insights into the understanding of miR-185-5p-regulated network in macrophages inflammation, which is beneficial for exploring miRNA-protein interaction in atherosclerotic inflammation.
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You D, Qiao Q, Ono K, Wei M, Tan W, Wang C, Liu Y, Liu G, Zheng M. miR-223-3p inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis via down-regulating the activation of MEK1/ERK1/2 in macrophages. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:1865-1878. [PMID: 35202001 PMCID: PMC8908932 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND microRNAs (miRNAs) have drawn more attention to the progression of atherosclerosis (AS), due to their noticeable inflammation function in cardiovascular disease. Macrophages play a crucial role in disrupting atherosclerotic plaque, thereby we explored the involvement of miR-223-3p in the inflammatory response in macrophages. METHODS RT-qPCR was used to analyze the miR-223-3p levels in carotid arteries and serum of AS patients. ROC curve was used to assess the diagnostic value of miR-223-3p. Movat staining was applied to evaluate the morphological differences. FISH was used to identify the expression of miR-223-3p in macrophages of atherosclerotic lesions. Bioinformatic analysis was performed. Double-immunofluorescence and western blot were performed to assess the inflammatory cytokine secretion and p-ERK1/2. C16-PAF was injected into the culture medium of the miR-223-3p mimic/NC-transfected macrophages with ox-LDL. RESULTS MiR-223-3p was up-regulated in AS patients and was associated with a higher overall survival rate. MiR-223-3p was co-localized with CD68+ macrophages in vulnerable atherosclerotic lesions. MiR-223-3p mimics decreased atherosclerotic lesions, macrophages numbers whereas increased SMCs numbers in the lesions. The TNF-a immune-positive areas were reduced by miR-223-3p mimics. MAP2K1 was negatively associated with miR-223-3p. MiR-223-3p mimics reduced the inflammation and the MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vivo and in vitro. C16-PAF reversed the effects of miR-223-3p mimics on inflammation and ERK1/2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS MiR-223-3p negatively regulates inflammatory responses by the MEK1/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Our study provides new insight into how miR-223-3p protects against atherosclerosis, representing a broader therapeutic prospect for treating atherosclerosis by miR-223-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daofeng You
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Qiuge Qiao
- Hebei Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Katsushige Ono
- Department of Pathophysiology, Oita University School of Medicine, Hasama, Yufu, Ōita-shi, Japan
| | - Mei Wei
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Wenyun Tan
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Cuihua Wang
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Yangong Liu
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
| | - Mingqi Zheng
- Hebei Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang 050023, Hebei, China
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Abstract
Regulatory RNAs like microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) control vascular and immune cells' phenotype and thus play a crucial role in atherosclerosis. Moreover, the mutual interactions between miRNAs and lncRNAs link both types of regulatory RNAs in a functional network that affects lesion formation. In this review, we deduce novel concepts of atherosclerosis from the analysis of the current data on regulatory RNAs' role in endothelial cells (ECs) and macrophages. In contrast to arterial ECs, which adopt a stable phenotype by adaptation to high shear stress, macrophages are highly plastic and quickly change their activation status. At predilection sites of atherosclerosis, such as arterial bifurcations, ECs are exposed to disturbed laminar flow, which generates a dysadaptive stress response mediated by miRNAs. Whereas the highly abundant miR-126-5p promotes regenerative proliferation of dysadapted ECs, miR-103-3p stimulates inflammatory activation and impairs endothelial regeneration by aberrant proliferation and micronuclei formation. In macrophages, miRNAs are essential in regulating energy and lipid metabolism, which affects inflammatory activation and foam cell formation.Moreover, lipopolysaccharide-induced miR-155 and miR-146 shape inflammatory macrophage activation through their oppositional effects on NF-kB. Most lncRNAs are not conserved between species, except a small group of very long lncRNAs, such as MALAT1, which blocks numerous miRNAs by providing non-functional binding sites. In summary, regulatory RNAs' roles are highly context-dependent, and therapeutic approaches that target specific functional interactions of miRNAs appear promising against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
| | - Saffiyeh Saboor Maleki
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
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Ahmad A. Epigenetic regulation of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages through dysregulated microRNAs. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 124:26-33. [PMID: 34556420 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are immune cells that play different roles under different physiological conditions. They are present in all tissues where they primarily protect from bacteria and pathogens in addition to assisting in tissue repair. During tumor progression, macrophages can exert contrasting effects based on the M1 vs. M2 polarization. The M2 macrophages support tumor growth through mechanisms that help suppress immune responses and/or circumvent immune-surveillance. A number of such mechanisms such as production of IL-10 and arginase, and expression of PD-L1, V-domain Ig suppressor of T cell activation and B7 family molecule B7-H4 are now believed central to the immunosuppressive effects of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Emerging data has identified epigenetic regulation of these immunosuppressive mechanisms by small non-coding RNAs, the microRNAs (miRNAs). This review discusses the available literature on the subject, including the exosomes mediated transfer of miRNAs between cancer cells and the macrophages within the tumor microenvironment. A number of miRNAs are now believed to be involved in TAMs' production of IL-10 and expression of PD-L1 while the information on such regulation of other immunosuppressive mechanisms is slowly emerging. A better understanding of epigenetic regulation of macrophages-mediated immunosuppressive effect can help identify novel targets for therapy and aid the design of future studies aimed at sensitizing tumors to immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Ahmad
- Interim Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
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Zhang W, Han Z, Liang Y, Zhang Q, Dou X, Guo G, Wang X. A pico-HPLC-LIF system for the amplification-free determination of multiple miRNAs in cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Bade P, Simonetti F, Sans S, Laboudie P, Kissane K, Chappat N, Lagrange S, Apparailly F, Roubert C, Duroux-Richard I. Integrative Analysis of Human Macrophage Inflammatory Response Related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Virulence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:668060. [PMID: 34276658 PMCID: PMC8284339 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.668060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiological agent of tuberculosis, kills 1.5 to 1.7 million people every year. Macrophages are Mtb's main host cells and their inflammatory response is an essential component of the host defense against Mtb. However, Mtb is able to circumvent the macrophages' defenses by triggering an inappropriate inflammatory response. The ability of Mtb to hinder phagolysosome maturation and acidification, and to escape the phagosome into the cytosol, is closely linked to its virulence. The modulation of the host inflammatory response relies on Mtb virulence factors, but remains poorly studied. Understanding macrophage interactions with Mtb is crucial to develop strategies to control tuberculosis. The present study aims to determine the inflammatory response transcriptome and miRNome of human macrophages infected with the virulent H37Rv Mtb strain, to identify macrophage genetic networks specifically modulated by Mtb virulence. Using human macrophages infected with two different live strains of mycobacteria (live or heat-inactivated Mtb H37Rv and M. marinum), we quantified and analyzed 184 inflammatory mRNAs and 765 micro(mi)RNAs. Transcripts and miRNAs differently modulated by H37Rv in comparison with the two other conditions were analyzed using in silico approaches. We identified 30 host inflammatory response genes and 37 miRNAs specific for H37Rv virulence, and highlight evidence suggesting that Mtb intracellular-linked virulence depends on the inhibition of IL-1β-dependent pro-inflammatory response, the repression of apoptosis and the delay of the recruitment and activation of adaptive immune cells. Our findings provide new potential targets for the development of macrophage-based therapeutic strategies against TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Bade
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- Evotec ID (Lyon), Lyon, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Florence Apparailly
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Isabelle Duroux-Richard
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine & Biotherapy (IRMB), INSERM, Univ Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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16
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Tao L, Pang Y, Wang A, Li L, Shen Y, Xu X, Li J. Functional miR-142a-3p Induces Apoptosis and Macrophage Polarization by Targeting tnfaip2 and glut3 in Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). Front Immunol 2021; 12:633324. [PMID: 34262558 PMCID: PMC8273434 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.633324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the process of microbial invasion, the inflammation reaction is induced to eliminate the pathogen. However, un-controlled or un-resolved inflammation can lead to tissue damage and death of the host. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the signaling regulators that prevent the uncontrolled progress of an inflammatory response. Our previous work strongly indicated that miR-142a-3p is related to the immune regulation in grass carp. In the present study, we found that the expression of miR-142a-3p was down-regulated after infection by Aeromonas hydrophila. tnfaip2 and glut3 were confirmed as be the target genes of miR-142a-3p, which were confirmed by expression correlation analysis, gene overexpression, and dual luciferase reporter assay. The miR-142a-3p can reduce cell viability and stimulate cell apoptosis by targeting tnfaip2 and glut3. In addition, miR-142a-3p also regulates macrophage polarization induced by A. hydrophila. Our results suggest that miR-142a-3p has multiple functions in host antibacterial immune response. Our research provides further understanding of the molecular mechanisms between miRNAs and their target genes, and provides a new insights for the development of pro-resolution strategies for the treatment of complex inflammatory diseases in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Tao
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Fisheries of Chengdu Agriculture and Forestry Academy, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifan Pang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lisen Li
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade Do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Yubang Shen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiale Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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17
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Nazari N, Jafari F, Ghalamfarsa G, Hadinia A, Atapour A, Ahmadi M, Dolati S, Rostamzadeh D. The emerging role of microRNA in regulating the mTOR signaling pathway in immune and inflammatory responses. Immunol Cell Biol 2021; 99:814-832. [PMID: 33988889 DOI: 10.1111/imcb.12477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is considered to be an atypical protein kinase that plays a critical role in integrating different cellular and environmental inputs in the form of growth factors, nutrients and energy and, subsequently, in regulating different cellular events, including cell metabolism, survival, homeostasis, growth and cellular differentiation. Immunologically, mTOR is a critical regulator of immune function through integrating numerous signals from the immune microenvironment, which coordinates the functions of immune cells and T cell fate decisions. The crucial role of mTOR in immune responses has been lately even more appreciated. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous, small, noncoding single-stranded RNAs that act as molecular regulators involved in multiple processes during immune cells development, homeostasis, activation and effector polarization. Several studies have recently indicated that a range of miRNAs are involved in regulating the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mTOR (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) signaling pathway by targeting multiple components of this signaling pathway and modulating the expression and function of these targets. Current evidence has revealed the interplay between miRNAs and the mTOR pathway circuits in various immune cell types. The expression of individual miRNA can affect the function of mTOR signaling to determine the cell fate decisions in immune responses through coordinating immune signaling and cell metabolism. Dysregulation of the mTOR pathway/miRNAs crosstalk has been reported in cancers and various immune-related diseases. Thus, expression profiles of dysregulated miRNAs could influence the mTOR pathway, resulting in the promotion of aberrant immunity. This review summarizes the latest information regarding the reciprocal role of the mTOR signaling pathway and miRNAs in orchestrating immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazanin Nazari
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Jafari
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Ghalamfarsa
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Abolghasem Hadinia
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Amir Atapour
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Majid Ahmadi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sanam Dolati
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Research Center, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davood Rostamzadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.,Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
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18
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Zhu J, Chen G. Protective effect of FOXP3-mediated miR-146b-5p/Robo1/NF-κB system on lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:1651. [PMID: 33490163 PMCID: PMC7812239 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-7703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background As a key transcription factor, forkhead box protein 3 (FOXP3) plays an important role in the development and function of natural cluster of differentiation 4 [CD4 (+)] regulatory T cells (Treg cells). However, the function of FOXP3 in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute lung injury (ALI) through regulating miR-146b-5p is unclear. This research aimed to disclose the regulatory effect of the FOXP3-mediated miR-146b-5p/Roundabout 1 (Robo1)/NF-κB system on LPS-induced ALI in mice. Methods The mice were subjected to 5 mg/kg of LPS via intratracheal instillation to induce ALI and generate the ALI model. Mice was divided into five group, including control group, ALI group, ALI + FOXP3 group, the ALI + miR antagomir group and ALI + miR antagomir+ FOXP3 group. Lung tissue injury were detected by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. Lung wet/dry weight ratio, total cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), total protein in BALF and the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) in BALF were detected. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to detect the target relationship between FOXP3 and Robo1. Mice was divided into five group, including control group, ALI group, ALI + FOXP3 group, ALI + Robo1 group and ALI + FOXP3+ Robo1 group. The protein levels of FOXP3, Robo1 and p-p65 were detected by western bolt. The mRNA levels of miR-146b-5p and Robo1 were detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Although protein expression levels of FOXP3 were significantly down-regulated in the ALI model, the increased FOXP3 levels promoted an increase in miR-146b-5p. Compared with the control group, the ALI model group exhibited severe histopathologic injury, such as thickening of the alveolar wall, pulmonary congestion, and decreased alveolar numbers. By mediating the overexpression of miR-146b-5p, FOXP3 also increased alveolar clearance and inhibited inflammatory responses in the ALI model. Importantly, Robo1 is a potential target of miR-146b-5p. Conclusions FOXP3 could inhibit NF-κB activation, reduce lung pathological damage, and inhibit inflammatory responses by mediating the miR-146b-5p/Robo1/NF-κB system in the ALI model. These results may provide a new potential target for the treatment of ALI disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University Hospital of Electronic Science & Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Gaoli Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu, China
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19
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Chen C, Liu JM, Luo YP. MicroRNAs in tumor immunity: functional regulation in tumor-associated macrophages. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:12-28. [PMID: 31898439 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b1900452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and are critical for cancer initiation and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could notably influence the phenotype of TAMs through various targets and signal pathways during cancer progression due to their post-transcriptional regulation. In this review, we discuss mainly the regulatory function of miRNAs on macrophage differentiation, functional polarization, and cellular crosstalk. Firstly, during the generation process, miRNAs take part in the differentiation from myeloid cells to mature macrophages, and this maturation process directly influences their recruitment into the TME, attracted by tumor cells. Secondly, macrophages in the TME can be either tumor-promoting or tumor-suppressing, depending on their functional polarization. Large numbers of miRNAs can influence the polarization of macrophages, which is crucial for tumor progression, including tumor cell invasion, intravasation, extravasation, and premetastatic site formation. Thirdly, crosstalk between tumor cells and macrophages is essential for TME formation and tumor progression, and miRNAs can be the mediator of communication in different forms, especially when encapsulated in microvesicles or exosomes. We also assess the potential value of certain macrophage-related miRNAs (MRMs) as diagnostic and prognostic markers, and discuss the possible development of MRM-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jia-Ming Liu
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yun-Ping Luo
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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20
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Liu M, Saredy J, Zhang R, Shao Y, Sun Y, Yang WY, Wang J, Liu L, Drummer C, Johnson C, Saaoud F, Lu Y, Xu K, Li L, Wang X, Jiang X, Wang H, Yang X. Approaching Inflammation Paradoxes-Proinflammatory Cytokine Blockages Induce Inflammatory Regulators. Front Immunol 2020; 11:554301. [PMID: 33193322 PMCID: PMC7604447 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.554301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms that underlie various inflammation paradoxes, metabolically healthy obesity, and increased inflammations after inflammatory cytokine blockades and deficiencies remain poorly determined. We performed an extensive -omics database mining, determined the expressions of 1367 innate immune regulators in 18 microarrays after deficiencies of 15 proinflammatory cytokines/regulators and eight microarray datasets of patients receiving Mab therapies, and made a set of significant findings: 1) proinflammatory cytokines/regulators suppress the expressions of innate immune regulators; 2) upregulations of innate immune regulators in the deficiencies of IFNγ/IFNγR1, IL-17A, STAT3 and miR155 are more than that after deficiencies of TNFα, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, STAT1, NF-kB, and miR221; 3) IFNγ, IFNγR and IL-17RA inhibit 10, 59 and 39 proinflammatory cytokine/regulator pathways, respectively; in contrast, TNFα, IL-6 and IL-18 each inhibits only four to five pathways; 4) The IFNγ-promoted and -suppressed innate immune regulators have four shared pathways; the IFNγR1-promoted and -suppressed innate immune regulators have 11 shared pathways; and the miR155-promoted and -suppressed innate immune regulators have 13 shared pathways, suggesting negative-feedback mechanisms in their conserved regulatory pathways for innate immune regulators; 5) Deficiencies of proinflammatory cytokine/regulator-suppressed, promoted programs share signaling pathways and increase the likelihood of developing 11 diseases including cardiovascular disease; 6) There are the shared innate immune regulators and pathways between deficiency of TNFα in mice and anti-TNF therapy in clinical patients; 7) Mechanistically, up-regulated reactive oxygen species regulators such as myeloperoxidase caused by suppression of proinflammatory cytokines/regulators can drive the upregulation of suppressed innate immune regulators. Our findings have provided novel insights on various inflammation paradoxes and proinflammatory cytokines regulation of innate immune regulators; and may re-shape new therapeutic strategies for cardiovascular disease and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jason Saredy
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ruijing Zhang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Ying Shao
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yu Sun
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - William Y Yang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Jirong Wang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Charles Drummer
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Candice Johnson
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Fatma Saaoud
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Yifan Lu
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Keman Xu
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Li Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohua Jiang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hong Wang
- Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- Centers for Cardiovascular Research, Inflammation, Translational & Clinical Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Centers for Metabolic Disease Research, Cardiovascular Research, & Thrombosis Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Departments of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Immunology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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21
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Sun (孙李哲) L, Yang (杨晓峰) X, Yuan (袁祖贻) Z, Wang (王虹) H. Metabolic Reprogramming in Immune Response and Tissue Inflammation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:1990-2001. [PMID: 32698683 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.314037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate and adaptive immunity participate in and regulate numerous human diseases. Increasing evidence implies that metabolic reprogramming mediates immune cell functional changes during immune responses. In this review, we present and discuss our current understanding of metabolic regulation in different immune cells and their subsets in response to pathological stimuli. An interactive biochemical and molecular model was established to characterize metabolic reprogramming and their functional implication in anti-inflammatory, immune resolution, and proinflammatory responses. We summarize 2 major features of metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory stages in innate and adaptive immune cells: (1) energy production and biosynthesis reprogramming, including increased glycolysis and decreased oxidative phosphorylation, to secure faster ATP production and biosynthesis for defense response and damage repair and (2) epigenetic reprogramming, including enhanced histone acetylation and suppressed DNA methylation, due to altered accessibility of acetyl/methyl group donor and metabolite-modulated enzymatic activity. Finally, we discuss current strategies of metabolic and epigenetic therapy in cardiovascular disease and recommend cell-specific metabolic and gene-targeted site-specific epigenetic alterations for future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhe Sun (孙李哲)
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, P.R. China (L.S., Z.Y.).,Center for Metabolic Disease Research (L.S., X.Y., H.W.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Xiaofeng Yang (杨晓峰)
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (L.S., X.Y., H.W.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology (X.Y., H.W.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Zuyi Yuan (袁祖贻)
- From the Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, P.R. China (L.S., Z.Y.)
| | - Hong Wang (王虹)
- Center for Metabolic Disease Research (L.S., X.Y., H.W.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology (X.Y., H.W.), Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
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22
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Guo C, Liu J, Zhou Q, Song J, Zhang Z, Li Z, Wang G, Yuan W, Sun Z. Exosomal Noncoding RNAs and Tumor Drug Resistance. Cancer Res 2020; 80:4307-4313. [PMID: 32641408 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumor drug resistance is a major challenge in the treatment of cancer. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNA) play a role in the progression of drug resistance. Recent studies have indicated that exosomes, with their in vitro and in vivo compatibility, are the best natural carrier of ncRNA, and their transport of ncRNA into cells could regulate drug resistance. Exosomal ncRNA impact drug resistance through participation in drug efflux, regulation of signaling pathways, and modification of the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we evaluate the mechanism of exosomal ncRNA related to tumor drug resistance, their role in different tumors, and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyao Guo
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Quanbo Zhou
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junmin Song
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Guixian Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Weitang Yuan
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zhenqiang Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China. .,Academy of Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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23
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Mirzaei R, Mohammadzadeh R, Mirzaei H, Sholeh M, Karampoor S, Abdi M, Alikhani MY, Kazemi S, Ahmadyousefi Y, Jalalifar S, Yousefimashouf R. Role of
microRNAs
in
Staphylococcus aureus
infection: Potential biomarkers and mechanism. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:1856-1869. [PMID: 32516518 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Rokhsareh Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic SciencesKashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Mohammad Sholeh
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Department of Virology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Milad Abdi
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Sima Kazemi
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Yaghoub Ahmadyousefi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and TechnologiesHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
- Research Center for Molecular MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
| | - Saba Jalalifar
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineIran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Rasoul Yousefimashouf
- Department of Microbiology, School of MedicineHamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran
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24
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Nimsarkar P, Ingale P, Singh S. Systems Studies Uncover miR-146a as a Target in Leishmania major Infection Model. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12516-12526. [PMID: 32548436 PMCID: PMC7271362 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis, the second most neglected tropical disease, has been reported to affect approximately 12 million people worldwide. The causative protozoan parasite Leishmania has shown drug resistance to available chemotherapies, owing to which we need to look for better approaches to deal with the clinical situations. As per recent reports, several miRNAs have been found to be differentially expressed during Leishmania major infection in host macrophages. We aim to evaluate the impact of miRNA-mediated gene regulation on the key players of inflammation and macrophage dysfunction. The origin of Leishmania miRNAs and their processing is a questionable phenomenon as of yet. Through our study, we aim to provide a framework of their characterization. We amalgamate chemical systems biology and synthetic biology approaches to identify putative miRNA targets and unravel the complexity of host-pathogen gene regulatory networks.
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25
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Jia Y, Wei Y. Modulators of MicroRNA Function in the Immune System. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2357. [PMID: 32235299 PMCID: PMC7177468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in fine-tuning host immune homeostasis and responses through the negative regulation of mRNA stability and translation. The pathways regulated by miRNAs are well characterized, but the precise mechanisms that control the miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression during immune cell-development and immune responses to invading pathogens are incompletely understood. Context-specific interactions of miRNAs with other RNA species or proteins may modulate the function of a given miRNA. Dysregulation of miRNA function is associated with various human diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers. Here, we review the potential modulators of miRNA function in the immune system, including the transcription regulators of miRNA genes, miRNA-processing enzymes, factors affecting miRNA targeting, and intercellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhui Jia
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Department of Immunology, Shanghai Key laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Karshovska E, Wei Y, Subramanian P, Mohibullah R, Geißler C, Baatsch I, Popal A, Corbalán Campos J, Exner N, Schober A. HIF-1α (Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α) Promotes Macrophage Necroptosis by Regulating miR-210 and miR-383. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2020; 40:583-596. [PMID: 31996026 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.119.313290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Inflammatory activation changes the mitochondrial function of macrophages from oxidative phosphorylation to reactive oxygen species production, which may promote necrotic core formation in atherosclerotic lesions. In hypoxic and cancer cells, HIF-1α (hypoxia-inducible factor) promotes oxygen-independent energy production by microRNAs. Therefore, we studied the role of HIF-1α in the regulation of macrophage energy metabolism in the context of atherosclerosis. Approach and Results: Myeloid cell-specific deletion of Hif1a reduced atherosclerosis and necrotic core formation by limiting macrophage necroptosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. In inflammatory bone marrow-derived macrophages, deletion of Hif1a increased oxidative phosphorylation, ATP levels, and the expression of genes encoding mitochondrial proteins and reduced reactive oxygen species production and necroptosis. microRNA expression profiling showed that HIF-1α upregulates miR-210 and downregulates miR-383 levels in lesional macrophages and inflammatory bone marrow-derived macrophages. In contrast to miR-210, which inhibited oxidative phosphorylation and enhanced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production, miR-383 increased ATP levels and inhibited necroptosis. The effect of miR-210 was due to targeting 2,4-dienoyl-CoA reductase, which is essential in the β oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids. miR-383 affected the DNA damage repair pathway in bone marrow-derived macrophages by targeting poly(ADP-ribose)-glycohydrolase (Parg), which reduced energy consumption and increased cell survival. Blocking the targeting of Parg by miR-383 prevented the protective effect of Hif1a deletion in macrophages on atherosclerosis and necrotic core formation in mice. CONCLUSIONS Our findings unveil a new mechanism by which activation of HIF-1α in inflammatory macrophages increases necroptosis through microRNA-mediated ATP depletion, thus increasing atherosclerosis by necrotic core formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Karshovska
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.).,DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (E.K., Y.W., A.S.)
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.).,DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (E.K., Y.W., A.S.)
| | - Pallavi Subramanian
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Rokia Mohibullah
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Claudia Geißler
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Isabelle Baatsch
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Aamoun Popal
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Judit Corbalán Campos
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.)
| | - Nicole Exner
- Chair of Metabolic Biochemistry, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany (N.E.).,German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Munich, Germany (N.E.)
| | - Andreas Schober
- From Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (E.K., Y.W., P.S., R.M., C.G., I.B., A.P., J.C.C., A.S.).,DZHK, German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (E.K., Y.W., A.S.)
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Wei Y, Corbalán-Campos J, Gurung R, Natarelli L, Zhu M, Exner N, Erhard F, Greulich F, Geißler C, Uhlenhaut NH, Zimmer R, Schober A. Dicer in Macrophages Prevents Atherosclerosis by Promoting Mitochondrial Oxidative Metabolism. Circulation 2019; 138:2007-2020. [PMID: 29748186 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternative macrophage activation, which relies on mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, plays a central role in the resolution of inflammation and prevents atherosclerosis. Moreover, macrophages handle large amounts of cholesterol and triglycerides derived from the engulfed modified lipoproteins during atherosclerosis. Although several microRNAs regulate macrophage polarization, the role of the microRNA-generating enzyme Dicer in macrophage activation during atherosclerosis is unknown. METHODS To evaluate the role of Dicer in atherosclerosis, Apoe-/- mice with or without macrophage-specific Dicer deletion were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Anti-argonaute 2 RNA immunoprecipitation chip and RNA deep sequencing combined with microRNA functional screening were performed in the Dicer wild-type and knockout bone marrow-derived macrophages to identify the individual microRNAs and the mRNA targets mediating the phenotypic effects of Dicer. The role of the identified individual microRNA and its target in atherosclerosis was determined by tail vein injection of the target site blockers in atherosclerotic Apoe-/- mice. RESULTS We show that Dicer deletion in macrophages accelerated atherosclerosis in mice, along with enhanced inflammatory response and increased lipid accumulation in lesional macrophages. In vitro, alternative activation was limited whereas lipid-filled foam cell formation was exacerbated in Dicer-deficient macrophages as a result of impaired mitochondrial fatty acid oxidative metabolism. Rescue of microRNA (miR)-10a, let-7b, and miR-195a expression restored the oxidative metabolism in alternatively activated Dicer-deficient macrophages. Suppression of ligand-dependent nuclear receptor corepressor by miR-10a promoted fatty acid oxidation, which mediated the lipolytic and anti-inflammatory effect of Dicer. miR-10a expression was negatively correlated to the progression of atherosclerosis in humans. Blocking the interaction between ligand-dependent nuclear receptor corepressor and miR-10a by target site blockers aggravated atherosclerosis development in mice. CONCLUSIONS Dicer plays an atheroprotective role by coordinately regulating the inflammatory response and lipid metabolism in macrophages through enhancing fatty acid-fueled mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that promoting Dicer/miR-10a-dependent metabolic reprogramming in macrophages has potential therapeutic implications to prevent atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wei
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (Y.W., A.S.)
| | - Judit Corbalán-Campos
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Rashmi Gurung
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Natarelli
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Mengyu Zhu
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Nicole Exner
- Biomedical Research Center, Biochemistry (N.E.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Florian Erhard
- Institut für Informatik (F.E., R.Z.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,Dr Erhard is currently at the Institut für Virologie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franziska Greulich
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center and German Center for Diabetes Research, IDO, Munich, Germany (F.G., N.H.U.)
| | - Claudia Geißler
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - N Henriette Uhlenhaut
- Helmholtz Diabetes Center and German Center for Diabetes Research, IDO, Munich, Germany (F.G., N.H.U.)
| | - Ralf Zimmer
- Institut für Informatik (F.E., R.Z.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (Y.W., J.C.-C., R.G., L.N., M.Z., C.G., A.S.), Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Germany (Y.W., A.S.)
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28
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Zhang L, Fu Y, Wang H, Guan Y, Zhu W, Guo M, Zheng N, Wu Z. Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus-Induced Macrophage Differentiation Is Regulated by miR-146. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1095. [PMID: 31156641 PMCID: PMC6529556 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging hemorrhagic fever with a high mortality rate in humans, which is caused by SFTS virus (SFTSV), a novel phlebovirus in the Bunyaviridae family, is tick borne and endemic in Eastern Asia. Previous study found that SFTSV can infect and replicate in macrophages in vivo and in vitro. However, the role of macrophages in virus replication and the potential pathogenic mechanisms of SFTSV in macrophage remain unclear. In this study, we provided evidence that the SFTSV infection drove macrophage differentiation skewed to M2 phenotype, facilitated virus shedding, and resulted in viral spread. We showed evidence that miR-146a and b were significantly upregulated in macrophages during the SFTSV infection, driving the differentiation of macrophages into M2 cells by targeting STAT1. Further analysis revealed that the elevated miR-146b but not miR-146a was responsible for IL-10 stimulation. We also found that SFTSV increased endogenous miR-146b-induced differentiation of macrophages into M2 cells mediated by viral non-structural protein (NSs). The M2 skewed differentiation of macrophages may have important implication to the pathogenesis of SFTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanru Wang
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yajie Guan
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiwen Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiwei Wu
- Center for Public Health Research, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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29
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Chen N, Feng L, Lu K, Li P, Lv X, Wang X. STAT6 phosphorylation upregulates microRNA-155 expression and subsequently enhances the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Oncol Lett 2019; 18:95-100. [PMID: 31289477 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a clonal expansion of CD5+ B cells, is the most common form of adult leukemia; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis remain undetermined. It has been previously suggested that numerous biological factors, including cytokines, may be involved in the proliferation of malignant cells. For example, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-2, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor serve roles as inhibitors of cellular apoptosis; whereas IL-5 and IL-10 are inducers of cellular apoptosis. In the present study, the results demonstrated that the phosphorylation and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) was induced by IL-4 in a time-dependent manner. Notably, the expression level of microRNA (miR)-155 was increased in MEC-1 cells following treatment with IL-4; however, this effect was attenuated following STAT6 knockdown via RNA interference. In addition, STAT6 knockdown promoted cell apoptosis, which was partly attenuated by treatment with IL-4. Inhibition of miR-155 expression significantly increased cell apoptosis despite the presence of IL-4. The results of the present study suggested that treatment with IL-4 enhanced the expression of miR-155, which regulated CLL cell survival via the enhanced phosphorylation of STAT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Chen
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Lili Feng
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Kang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Li
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Lv
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P.R. China.,Institute of Diagnostics, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
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30
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Riemann A, Reime S, Wollny P, Sangerhausen C, Gekle M, Thews O. Expression of MicroRNAs in Fibroblasts and Macrophages Is Regulated by Hypoxia-Induced Extracellular Acidosis. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1072:207-211. [PMID: 30178347 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Under pathological conditions like inflammation, ischemia or in solid tumors, parameters of the microenvironment like local oxygenation and extracellular pH show marked changes when compared to healthy tissue. The altered microenvironment affects cellular phenotype of omnipresent fibroblasts and immune cells. Recently, the impact of the microenvironment on the expression patterns of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression on a post-transcriptional level, was discussed. Therefore, microRNAs might be the link between altered microenvironmental parameters and changes in cellular phenotype. In this study, the effect of hypoxia-induced extracellular acidosis (24 h pH 6.6) on microRNA expression in fibroblasts and macrophages was analyzed. MicroRNAs in rat fibroblasts (NRK-49F) were examined with the miScript miRNA PCR Array and changes in the expression validated by TaqMan qPCR. Subsequently, the identified microRNAs were analyzed in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Nine out of 84 tested microRNAs were found to be acidosis-regulated in fibroblasts by miRNA PCR array, most of them up-regulated. Of those, the pH dependency could be validated by TaqMan qPCR for five of these nine microRNAs. When comparing these microRNAs in terms of their expression in macrophages, profound differences were observed. Thus, acidosis-induced alterations in the expression of microRNAs seem to be cell-type specific. Only the up-regulation of the miR-133b by low pH was seen in all normal cells, but not in tumor cells. As the identified microRNAs are involved in the regulation of proliferation, cell death and migration (amongst others), acidosis-induced changes in their expression might affect cellular behavior of fibroblasts and macrophages under pathological conditions. For instance the proto-oncogene c-Jun, which is a target of the miR-133b, was shown to be acidosis-regulated. Acidosis could regulate the biological behavior via miRNA-133b and c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Riemann
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - S Reime
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - P Wollny
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - C Sangerhausen
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - M Gekle
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - O Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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31
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Moein S, Vaghari-Tabari M, Qujeq D, Majidinia M, Nabavi SM, Yousefi B. MiRNAs and inflammatory bowel disease: An interesting new story. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3277-3293. [PMID: 30417350 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), as a chronic and recurrent inflammatory disorder, is caused by a dysregulated and aberrant immune response to exposed environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite huge efforts in determining the molecular pathogenesis of IBD, an increasing worldwide incidence of IBD has been reported. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a set of noncoding RNA molecules that are about 22 nucleotides long, and these molecules are involved in the regulation of the gene expression. By clarifying the important role of miRNAs in a number of diseases, their role was also considered in IBD; numerous studies have been performed on this topic. In this review, we attempt to summarize a number of studies and discuss some of the recent developments in the roles of miRNAs in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Moein
- Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mostafa Vaghari-Tabari
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Durdi Qujeq
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center (CMBRC), Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Irantab.,Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Nabavi
- Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhang XF, Yang Y, Yang XY, Tong Q. MiR-188-3p upregulation results in the inhibition of macrophage proinflammatory activities and atherosclerosis in ApoE-deficient mice. Thromb Res 2018; 171:55-61. [PMID: 30253270 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis occurs as a result of a chronic inflammatory response in the arterial wall associated with an increased uptake of low-density lipoprotein by macrophages and the subsequent transformation of this lipoprotein into foam cells. It has been found that miR-188-3p can suppress autophagy and myocardial infarction. Therefore, we conducted the present study with determining the suppressive role played by miR-188-3p in atherosclerosis. METHODS The atherosclerosis model was established using ApoE knockout mice. The healthy C57BL/6J wide-type mice were used as control, while miR-188-3p mimics or inhibitors were applied for the elevation or the depletion of the miR-188-3p expression in mice. The macrophage content was observed in atherosclerotic plaque. Once the miR-188-3p expression was determined, the effects of the over-expression of miR-188-3p on the lipid accumulation and macrophage inflammatory response were accessed. The plasma levels of pro-inflammatory factors and serum RANTES level, as well as OLR1, iNOS, ABCA1 and KLF2 expression were determined in order to evaluate the potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of miR-188-3p. RESULTS ApoE knockout mice with atherosclerosis presented with increased lipid accumulation and macrophage content. MiR-188-3p was found to reduce intravascular lipid accumulation in atherosclerotic mice. In addition to the alleviation of macrophage inflammatory response, the upregulation of miR-188-3p also leads to the suppression of oxidation with reduced macrophage accumulation, plasma expression of pro-inflammatory factors and serum RANTES level, OLR1 and iNOS, while it increases ABCA1 and KLF2. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the findings from our study found a new potential therapy for atherosclerosis by investigating the inhibitory effects of miR-188-3p on macrophage inflammatory response and oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Qian Tong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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Di Francesco A, Fedrigo M, Santovito D, Natarelli L, Castellani C, De Pascale F, Toscano G, Fraiese A, Feltrin G, Benazzi E, Nocco A, Thiene G, Valente M, Valle G, Schober A, Gerosa G, Angelini A. MicroRNA signatures in cardiac biopsies and detection of allograft rejection. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018; 37:1329-1340. [PMID: 30174164 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of heart transplant (HTx) rejection currently relies on immunohistology and immunohistochemistry. We aimed to identify specific sets of microRNAs (miRNAs) to characterize acute cellular rejection (ACR), antibody-mediated rejection (pAMR), and mixed rejection (MR) in monitoring formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) endomyocardial biopsies (EMBs) in HTx patients. METHODS In this study we selected 33 adult HTx patients. For each, we chose the first positive EMB for study of each type of rejection. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) IonProton technique and reverse transcript quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis were performed on FFPE EMBs. Using logistic regression analysis we created unique miRNA signatures as predictive models of each rejection. In situ PCR was carried out on the same EMBs. RESULTS We obtained >2,257 mature miRNAs from all the EMBs. The 3 types of rejection showed a different miRNA profile for each group. The logistic regression model formed by miRNAs 208a, 126-5p, and 135a-5p identified MR; that formed by miRNAs 27b-3p, 29b-3p, and 199a-3p identified ACR; and that formed by miRNAs 208a, 29b-3p, 135a-5p, and 144-3p identified pAMR. The expression of miRNAs on tissue, through in situ PCR, showed different expressions of the same miRNA in different rejections. miRNA 126-5p was expressed in endothelial cells in ACR but in cardiomyocytes in pAMR. In ACR, miRNA 29b-3p was significantly overexpressed and detected in fibroblasts, whereas in pAMR it was underexpressed and detected only in cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS miRNA profiling on FFPE EMBs differentiates the 3 types of rejection. Localization of expression of miRNAs on tissue showed different expression of the same miRNA for different cells, suggesting different roles of the same miRNA in different rejections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Di Francesco
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marny Fedrigo
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Donato Santovito
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximillians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucia Natarelli
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximillians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Chiara Castellani
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Toscano
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Angela Fraiese
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Feltrin
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Elena Benazzi
- Organ and Tissue Transplantation Immunology, Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Angela Nocco
- Organ and Tissue Transplantation Immunology, Fondazione IRCSS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Gaetano Thiene
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marialuisa Valente
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Valle
- CRIBI Biotechnology Centre, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximillians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Angelini
- Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Wei Y, Zhu M, Schober A. Macrophage MicroRNAs as Therapeutic Targets for Atherosclerosis, Metabolic Syndrome, and Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061756. [PMID: 29899293 PMCID: PMC6032097 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in the innate immune system and contribute to a broad spectrum of pathologies in chronic inflammatory diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in macrophage functions by regulating macrophage polarization, lipid metabolism and so on. Thus, miRNAs represent promising diagnostic and therapeutic targets in immune disorders. In this review, we will summarize the role of miRNAs in atherosclerosis, metabolic syndrome, and cancer by modulating macrophage phenotypes, which has been supported by in vivo evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wei
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
| | - Mengyu Zhu
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - Andreas Schober
- Experimental Vascular Medicine, Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany.
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Diotallevi A, De Santi M, Buffi G, Ceccarelli M, Vitale F, Galluzzi L, Magnani M. Leishmania Infection Induces MicroRNA hsa-miR-346 in Human Cell Line-Derived Macrophages. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1019. [PMID: 29867904 PMCID: PMC5966562 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an anthropo-zoonotic disease caused by various Leishmania species. The clinical manifestations of the disease vary according to the species and host characteristics. Leishmania infection leads to subversion/modulation of the host’s innate immune response and cellular metabolic pathways. In the last years, it has been shown that many host cell gene expression and signaling pathways are targeted by Leishmania to subvert host defenses (e.g., oxidative damage, immune activation, antigen presentation, apoptosis) and allow parasite survival and replication. However, the molecular mechanisms triggered by the parasite are not fully elucidated. The role of miRNA has recently been evaluated in human or murine macrophages infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) major, L. (L.) donovani or L. (L.) amazonensis. However, no literature exists regarding miRNA dysregulation in host cells infected with L. (L.) infantum or L. (Viannia) species. Since we previously showed that L. (L.) infantum infection induced unfolded protein response (UPR) in macrophages, we focused on miR-346, which has been shown to be induced by the UPR-activated transcription factor sXBP1 and has a potential role in the modulation of the immune response. Macrophages differentiated from U937 and/or THP-1 human monocytic cells were infected with four L. (L.) infantum strain/clinical isolates and one L. (V.) sp. clinical isolate. A significant upregulation of miR-346 (p < 0.05) was observed in infections with all the Leishmania species tested. Moreover, RFX1 (a miR-346 predicted target gene) was found to be significantly downregulated (p < 0.05) after 48h infection, and miR-346 was found to have a role in this downregulation. The induction of miR-346 in macrophages infected with L. (L.) infantum and L. (V.) sp., reported here for the first time, could play a role in regulating macrophage functions since several MHC- or interferon-associated genes are among the targets of this miRNA. Hence, miR-346 could be considered an attractive anti-Leishmania drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Diotallevi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biotechnology, University of Urbino, Fano, Italy
| | - Mauro De Santi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Hygiene, University of Urbino, Urbino, Italy
| | - Gloria Buffi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biotechnology, University of Urbino, Fano, Italy
| | - Marcello Ceccarelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biotechnology, University of Urbino, Fano, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vitale
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luca Galluzzi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biotechnology, University of Urbino, Fano, Italy
| | - Mauro Magnani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Section of Biotechnology, University of Urbino, Fano, Italy
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Qu X, Tang Y, Hua S. Immunological Approaches Towards Cancer and Inflammation: A Cross Talk. Front Immunol 2018; 9:563. [PMID: 29662489 PMCID: PMC5890100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The inflammation is the protective response of the body against various harmful stimuli; however, the aberrant and inappropriate activation tends to become harmful. The acute inflammatory response tends to resolved once the offending agent is subside but this acute response becomes chronic in nature when the body is unable to successfully neutralized the noxious stimuli. This chronic inflammatory microenvironment is associated with the release of various pro-inflammatory and oncogenic mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), cytokines [IL-1β, IL-2, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)], growth factor, and chemokines. These mediators make the inflammatory microenvironment more vulnerable toward tumorigenesis. The pro-inflammatory mediators released during the chronic inflammation tends to induce several molecular signaling cascades such as nuclear factor kappa B, MAPKinase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, phosphoinositide-3-kinase, Janus kinases/STAT, Wnt/B-catenin, and cyclic AMP response element binding protein. The immune system and its components have a pleiotropic effect on inflammation and cancer progression. Immune components such as T cells, natural killer cells, macrophages, and neutrophils either inhibit or enhance tumor initiation depending on the type of tumor and immune cells involved. Tumor-associated macrophages and tumor-associated neutrophils are pro-tumorigenic cells highly prevalent in inflammation-mediated tumors. Similarly, presence of T regulatory (Treg) cells in an inflammatory and tumor setting suppresses the immune system, thus paving the way for oncogenesis. However, Treg cells also inhibit autoimmune inflammation. By contrast, cytotoxic T cells and T helper cells confer antitumor immunity and are associated with better prognosis in patients with cancer. Cytotoxic T cells inflict a direct cytotoxic effect on cells expressing oncogenic markers. Currently, several anti-inflammatory and antitumor therapies are under trials in which these immune cells are exploited. Adoptive cell transfer composed of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes has been tried for the treatment of tumors after their ex vivo expansion. Mediators released by cells in a tumorigenic and inflammatory microenvironment cross talk with nearby cells, either promoting or inhibiting inflammation and cancer. Recently, several cytokine-based therapies are either being developed or are under trial to treat such types of manifestations. Monoclonal antibodies directed against TNF-α, VEGF, and IL-6 has shown promising results to ameliorate inflammation and cancer, while direct administration of IL-2 has been shown to cause tumor regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Qu
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shucheng Hua
- Department of Respiration, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Jingjing Z, Nan Z, Wei W, Qinghe G, Weijuan W, Peng W, Xiangpeng W. MicroRNA-24 Modulates Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Macrophage Polarization by Suppressing CHI3L1. Inflammation 2018; 40:995-1005. [PMID: 28303416 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0543-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages play a crucial role in host innate anti-Staphylococcus aureus defense, which is tightly regulated by multiple factors, including microRNAs. A recent study showed that miR-24 plays an important role in macrophage polarization. Here, we investigated the biological function of miR-24 in S. aureus-stimulated macrophages. The results revealed that miR-24 expression was significantly decreased in both human and mouse macrophage cell lines with S. aureus stimulation in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, miR-24 overexpression significantly decreased the production of M1 phenotype markers, such as IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α, CD86, and CD80, whereas it increased the production of M2 markers, such as Arg1, CCL17, CCL22, CD163, and CD206, in S. aureus-stimulated macrophages. Conversely, knockdown of miR-24 promoted M1 macrophage polarization but diminished M2 macrophage polarization in S. aureus-stimulated macrophages. Furthermore, CHI3L1 was predicted as a target gene of miR-24 using bioinformatics software and identified by luciferase reporter assay. Additionally, miR-24 overexpression inhibited CHI3L1 expression and downregulated the downstream MAPK pathway in S. aureus-stimulated macrophages. Finally, CHI3L1 overexpression rescued macrophage polarization and MAPK pathway inhibition induced by miR-24 mimic transfection in S. aureus-stimulated macrophages. In conclusion, the data suggest that miR-24 serves as a molecular regulator in S. aureus-induced macrophage polarization through targeting of CHI3L1 and regulation of the MAPK pathway, which may provide a promising therapeutic target for S. aureus-related infections and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Jingjing
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine in Henan Province, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhang Nan
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Wu Wei
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Guo Qinghe
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine in Henan Province, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Wang Weijuan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Wang Peng
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China
| | - Wang Xiangpeng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Molecular Diagnosis and Laboratory Medicine in Henan Province, School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, No. 601 Jinsui Road, Hongqi District, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan Province, China.
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Shapouri-Moghaddam A, Mohammadian S, Vazini H, Taghadosi M, Esmaeili SA, Mardani F, Seifi B, Mohammadi A, Afshari JT, Sahebkar A. Macrophage plasticity, polarization, and function in health and disease. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6425-6440. [PMID: 29319160 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2675] [Impact Index Per Article: 445.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are heterogeneous and their phenotype and functions are regulated by the surrounding micro-environment. Macrophages commonly exist in two distinct subsets: 1) Classically activated or M1 macrophages, which are pro-inflammatory and polarized by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) either alone or in association with Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ, GM-CSF, and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-12, IL-23, and TNF-α; and 2) Alternatively activated or M2 macrophages, which are anti-inflammatory and immunoregulatory and polarized by Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 and produce anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-β. M1 and M2 macrophages have different functions and transcriptional profiles. They have unique abilities by destroying pathogens or repair the inflammation-associated injury. It is known that M1/M2 macrophage balance polarization governs the fate of an organ in inflammation or injury. When the infection or inflammation is severe enough to affect an organ, macrophages first exhibit the M1 phenotype to release TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-23 against the stimulus. But, if M1 phase continues, it can cause tissue damage. Therefore, M2 macrophages secrete high amounts of IL-10 and TGF-β to suppress the inflammation, contribute to tissue repair, remodeling, vasculogenesis, and retain homeostasis. In this review, we first discuss the basic biology of macrophages including origin, differentiation and activation, tissue distribution, plasticity and polarization, migration, antigen presentation capacity, cytokine and chemokine production, metabolism, and involvement of microRNAs in macrophage polarization and function. Secondly, we discuss the protective and pathogenic role of the macrophage subsets in normal and pathological pregnancy, anti-microbial defense, anti-tumor immunity, metabolic disease and obesity, asthma and allergy, atherosclerosis, fibrosis, wound healing, and autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbas Shapouri-Moghaddam
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Mohammadian
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Vazini
- Nursing Department, Basic Sciences Faculty, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Taghadosi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mardani
- Faculty of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Immunology Research Center, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bita Seifi
- Department of Anatomy, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad Branch, Iran
| | - Asadollah Mohammadi
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Disease Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jalil T Afshari
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Immunology, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Czimmerer Z, Horvath A, Daniel B, Nagy G, Cuaranta-Monroy I, Kiss M, Kolostyak Z, Poliska S, Steiner L, Giannakis N, Varga T, Nagy L. Dynamic transcriptional control of macrophage miRNA signature via inflammation responsive enhancers revealed using a combination of next generation sequencing-based approaches. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2018; 1861:14-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Zhu M, Wei Y, Geißler C, Abschlag K, Corbalán Campos J, Hristov M, Möllmann J, Lehrke M, Karshovska E, Schober A. Hyperlipidemia-Induced MicroRNA-155-5p Improves β-Cell Function by Targeting Mafb. Diabetes 2017; 66:3072-3084. [PMID: 28970282 DOI: 10.2337/db17-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A high-fat diet increases bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the circulation and thereby stimulates glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)-mediated insulin secretion by upregulating interleukin-6 (IL-6). Although microRNA-155-5p (miR-155-5p), which increases IL-6 expression, is upregulated by LPS and hyperlipidemia and patients with familial hypercholesterolemia less frequently develop diabetes, the role of miR-155-5p in the islet stress response to hyperlipidemia is unclear. In this study, we demonstrate that hyperlipidemia-associated endotoxemia upregulates miR-155-5p in murine pancreatic β-cells, which improved glucose metabolism and the adaptation of β-cells to obesity-induced insulin resistance. This effect of miR-155-5p is because of suppression of v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene family, protein B, which promotes β-cell function through IL-6-induced GLP-1 production in α-cells. Moreover, reduced GLP-1 levels are associated with increased obesity progression, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic Mir155 knockout mice. Hence, induction of miR-155-5p expression in β-cells by hyperlipidemia-associated endotoxemia improves the adaptation of β-cells to insulin resistance and represents a protective mechanism in the islet stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Zhu
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Yuanyuan Wei
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Geißler
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Kathrin Abschlag
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Judit Corbalán Campos
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Hristov
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Möllmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Lehrke
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ela Karshovska
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Andreas Schober
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Quintanilha BJ, Reis BZ, Duarte GBS, Cozzolino SMF, Rogero MM. Nutrimiromics: Role of microRNAs and Nutrition in Modulating Inflammation and Chronic Diseases. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9111168. [PMID: 29077020 PMCID: PMC5707640 DOI: 10.3390/nu9111168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrimiromics studies the influence of the diet on the modification of gene expression due to epigenetic processes related to microRNAs (miRNAs), which may affect the risk for the development of chronic diseases. miRNAs are a class of non-coding endogenous RNA molecules that are usually involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing by inducing mRNA degradation or translational repression by binding to a target messenger RNA. They can be controlled by environmental and dietary factors, particularly by isolated nutrients or bioactive compounds, indicating that diet manipulation may hold promise as a therapeutic approach in modulating the risk of chronic diseases. This review summarizes the evidence regarding the influence of nutrients and bioactive compounds on the expression of miRNAs related to inflammation and chronic disease in several models (cell culture, animal models, and human trials).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna J Quintanilha
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Z Reis
- Nutrition and Minerals Laboratory, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Graziela B Silva Duarte
- Nutrition and Minerals Laboratory, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Silvia M F Cozzolino
- Nutrition and Minerals Laboratory, Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, University of São Paulo, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo M Rogero
- Nutritional Genomics and Inflammation Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, 01246-904 São Paulo, Brazil.
- Food Research Center (FoRC), 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Effect of Wenxin Granules on Gap Junction and MiR-1 in Rats with Myocardial Infarction. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 2017:3495021. [PMID: 29094045 PMCID: PMC5637836 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3495021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) patients are at high risk of potential lethal arrhythmia. Gap junction and microRNA-1 (miR-1) are both arrhythmia generating conditions. The present study investigated whether Wenxin Granules (Wenxin-Keli, WXKL) could prevent potential lethal arrhythmia by improving gap junctions and miR-1 following MI. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into control, model, metoprolol, low dose WXKL, and high dose WXKL groups. The MI rat model was created by coronary artery ligation. Treatments were administrated intragastrically to the rats for 4 weeks. Conventional transmission electron microscopy was performed to observe the ultrastructure of gap junctions. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blotting were used to detect the expression of miR-1, protein kinase C (PKC), and related proteins. Additionally, a programmatic electrophysiological stimulation test was performed to detect the ventricular fibrillation threshold (VFT). WXKL protected the ultrastructure of the gap junctions and their constituent Cx43 by regulating miR-1 and PKC mediated signal transduction and increased the VFT significantly in the rat MI model. The results suggested that WXKL is an effective alternative medicine to prevent potentially lethal arrhythmia following MI.
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Vilahur G. Relevance of low miR-30c-5p levels in atherogenesis: a promising predictive biomarker and potential therapeutic target. Cardiovasc Res 2017; 113:1536-1537. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Science Institute (ICCC), IIB-Sant Pau, CiberCV, Hospital de Sant Pau, Avda. Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain
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miRNA Expression Profile and Effect of Wenxin Granule in Rats with Ligation-Induced Myocardial Infarction. Int J Genomics 2017; 2017:2175871. [PMID: 28894747 PMCID: PMC5574297 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2175871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Wenxin Granule (WXKL) is a traditional Chinese medicine used for treatment of myocardial infarction (MI) and arrhythmias. However, the genomic pathological mechanisms of MI and mechanisms of WXKL are largely unknown. This study aims to investigate a comprehensive miRNA expression profile, and the predicted correlation pathways to be targeted by differentially expressed miRNAs in MI, and mechanisms of WXKL from a gene level. MI rat model was established by a coronary artery ligation surgery. miRNA expression microarrays were performed and the data were deposited in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO number GSE95855). And, pathway analysis was performed by using the DIANA-miRPath v3.0 online tool. The expressions of miR-1, miR-133, Cx43, and Cx45 were detected by quantitative real-time PCR. It was found that 35 differentially expressed miRNAs and 23 predicted pathways, including miR-1, miR-133, and gap junction pathway, are involved in the pathogenesis of MI. And, WXKL increased the expressions of miR-1 and miR-133, while also increased the mRNA levels of Cx43 and Cx45, and, especially, recovered the Cx43/Cx45 ratio near to normal level. The results suggest that regulatory effects on miR-1, miR-133, Cx43, and Cx45 might be a possible mechanism of WXKL in the treatment of MI at the gene level.
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Sawa-Wejksza K, Kandefer-Szerszeń M. Tumor-Associated Macrophages as Target for Antitumor Therapy. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2017; 66:97-111. [PMID: 28660349 PMCID: PMC5851686 DOI: 10.1007/s00005-017-0480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
It is well known that the microenvironment of solid tumors is rich in inflammatory cells that influence tumor growth and development. Macrophages, called tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), are the most abundant immune cell population present in tumor tissue. Several studies have demonstrated that the density of TAMs is associated with a poor prognosis and positively correlates with tumor growth. Several studies have proved that TAMs may activate and protect tumor stem cells, stimulate their proliferation as well as promote angiogenesis and metastasis. Furthermore, TAMs-derived cytokines and other proteins, such as CCL-17, CCL-22, TGF-β, IL-10, arginase 1, and galectin-3, make a significant contribution to immunosuppression. Since TAMs influence various aspects of cancer progression, there are many attempts to use them as a target for immunotherapy. The numerous studies have shown that the primary tumor growth and the number of metastatic sites can be significantly decreased by decreasing the population of macrophages in tumor tissue, for example, by blocking recruitment of monocytes or eliminating TAMs already present in the tumor tissue. Moreover, there are attempts at reprogramming TAMs into proinflammatory M1 macrophages or neutralizing the protumoral products of TAMs. Another approach uses TAMs for anticancer drug delivery into the tumor environment. In this review, we would like to summarize the clinical and preclinical trials that were focused on macrophages as a target for anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Sawa-Wejksza
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Martyna Kandefer-Szerszeń
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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Rogler G. Resolution of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol 2017; 2:521-530. [PMID: 28606878 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-1253(17)30031-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of inflammatory bowel disease at present mainly targets mediators of inflammation to stop or suppress pro-inflammatory processes. Typical examples are steroids, suppression of T cells by thioguanine nucleotides, or antibodies against cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 12, or interleukin 23. In addition to suppression of inflammation, development of therapeutic strategies that support resolution of inflammation or that actively resolve inflammation might be desirable. Resolution of inflammation is now seen as an active process involving specific mediators (eg, lipid mediators or specific cytokines) that is mandatory to restore organ function and completely shut down inflammation. The molecular pathways involved in resolution of inflammation have been investigated in recent years and could be adopted in treatment strategies for inflammatory bowel disease. Among these approaches are anti-integrin strategies and means to produce or locally increase restitution or resolution factors, such as restoration of the activity of transforming growth factor-β by anti-SMAD7 antisense oligonucleotides. The potential role of inflammation-resolving lipid mediators (eg, resolvins), however, still warrants further study and clinical development. This Review focuses on the specific role of active resolution of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease pathophysiology. Potential therapeutic targets based on these pathways are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Rogler
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Novel involvement of miR-522-3p in high-mobility group box 1-induced prostaglandin reductase 1 expression and reduction of phagocytosis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2017; 1864:625-633. [PMID: 28088550 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Revised: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Resolution of inflammation is important for physiological homeostasis. Chronic inflammatory diseases may be caused by abnormal resolution of inflammation. However, what causes a failure of inflammatory resolution is unclear. Here we investigated the involvement of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein in the control of inflammatory resolution as an 'anti-resolution factor'. We first confirmed the increased expression of HMGB1 and prostaglandin reductase 1 (PTGR1) in inflammatory conditions and HMGB1-mediated regulation of the expression of PTGR1. The inhibition of phagocytosis by HMGB1 was abrogated by PTGR1 silencing. PTGR1 was a direct target of miR522-3p and its expression was regulated by miRNA-522-3p inhibitor or mimic. Finally, miR-522-3p had an important role in the regulation of PTGR1 expression by HMGB1. The data indicates that HMGB1-miR-522-3p-PTGR1 axis may be involved in the abnormal resolution of inflammation and suggests that this mechanism might be a target for modulation of chronic inflammatory disorder.
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Laffont B, Rayner KJ. MicroRNAs in the Pathobiology and Therapy of Atherosclerosis. Can J Cardiol 2017; 33:313-324. [PMID: 28232017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short noncoding RNAs, expressed in humans and involved in sequence-specific post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. They have emerged as key players in a wide array of biological processes, and changes in their expression and/or function have been associated with plethora of human diseases. Atherosclerosis and its related clinical complications, such as myocardial infarction or stroke, represent the leading cause of death in the Western world. Accumulating experimental evidence has revealed a key role for microRNAs in regulating cellular and molecular processes related to atherosclerosis development, ranging from risk factors, to plaque initiation and progression, up to atherosclerotic plaque rupture. In this review, we focus on how microRNAs can influence atherosclerosis biology, as well as the potential clinical applications of microRNAs, which are being developed as targets as well as therapeutic agents for a growing industry hoping to harness the power of RNA-guided gene regulation to fight disease and infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoit Laffont
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katey J Rayner
- University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
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Kim JK, Kim TS, Basu J, Jo EK. MicroRNA in innate immunity and autophagy during mycobacterial infection. Cell Microbiol 2016; 19. [PMID: 27794209 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The fine-tuning of innate immune responses is an important aspect of host defenses against mycobacteria. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, play essential roles in regulating multiple biological pathways including innate host defenses against various infections. Accumulating evidence shows that many miRNAs regulate the complex interplay between mycobacterial survival strategies and host innate immune pathways. Recent studies have contributed to understanding the role of miRNAs, the levels of which can be modulated by mycobacterial infection, in tuning host autophagy to control bacterial survival and innate effector function. Despite considerable efforts devoted to miRNA profiling over the past decade, further work is needed to improve the selection of appropriate biomarkers for tuberculosis. Understanding the roles and mechanisms of miRNAs in regulating innate immune signaling and autophagy may provide insights into new therapeutic modalities for host-directed anti-mycobacterial therapies. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the recent literature regarding miRNA profiling in tuberculosis and the roles of miRNAs in modulating innate immune responses and autophagy defenses against mycobacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Joyoti Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Bose Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea.,Department of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Wang L, Mou Y, Meng D, Sun Y, Chen X, Yang X, Jia C, Song X, Li X. MicroRNA-203 inhibits tumour growth and metastasis through PDPN. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:620-628. [PMID: 27775879 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs play an important role in regulating hypopharyngeal cancer development. miR-203 has been previously shown to possess antitumour capabilities in many cancers, but not in hypopharyngeal cancer. DESIGN Using human normal and hypopharyngeal cancer specimens, we explored the expression levels of miR-203 in the two groups and further correlated them with different stages of cancer and lymph node metastasis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Applying human pharynx FaDu cancer cells and lentiviral transduction technique, we investigated the effects of miR-203 on cancer cell viability, migration and invasion. Moreover, we studied the novel relationship between miR-203 and podoplanin (PDPN) in hypopharyngeal cancer. RESULTS The downregulated levels of miR-203 in human hypopharyngeal cancer tissues were associated with advanced cancer stages and lymph node metastasis. High levels of miR-203 inhibited cell viability, migration and invasion of hypopharyngeal cancer cells. Further studies suggested miR-203 directly targeted and inhibited PDPN expression. PDPN silencing suppresses hypopharyngeal cancer cell abilities. In addition, PDPN overexpression was able to reverse miR-203 inhibitory effects on cell viability, migration and invasion. CONCLUSION PDPN acts as an oncogene to promote hypopharyngeal cancer cell viability, migration and invasion. miR-203 directly targets PDPN to suppress its expression, thus exerting inhibitory effects on cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Y Mou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - D Meng
- Intensive Care Unit, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Y Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - C Jia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - X Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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