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Chau K, Chau N. Untreated Allergy Among Middle School Students: Associations with Socioeconomic Adversities and Academic, Behavior, and Health Difficulties. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2024; 94:717-726. [PMID: 38423524 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many adolescents with allergy do not receive physician treatment (allergyuntreated). We explored its association with socioeconomic adversities and academic-behavior-health difficulties, which remain unaddressed. METHODS This cross-sectional school-based-population study compared the above factors of middle-school adolescents with allergyuntreated and those with treated allergy (allergytreated) (mean age = 13.5 ± 1.2) from north-eastern France. Participants completed a questionnaire collecting socioeconomic adversities (nonintact family, low parents' education, insufficient family income, poor social support, suffered verbal/physical violence, and sexual abuse), low academic performance, excessive screen time, substance use, sleep difficulty, poor physical health, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, poor quality of life, and allergytreated/allergyuntreated. RESULTS Logistic regression models showed that allergyuntreated was associated with all the factors considered (sex-age-class-level-adjusted odds ratio (saclOR) reaching 3.94, p < .001) and the risk score (number of main criteria: suffered sexual abuse, excessive screen time, poor quality of life, cannabis use, low parents' education, and poor social support): saclOR 4.75, 9.23, 15.64, and 31.73 (p < .001) for risk scores 1, 2, 3, and ≥4, versus risk score = 0 (pseudo-R2 = 11.1%). CONCLUSIONS Socioeconomic adversities and academic-behavior-health difficulties may be used to detect adolescents with allergyuntreated for care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- University of Lorraine, Department of General Medicine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unit 1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, F-75679 Paris, France
- Paris Sud University, Paris, France
- Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
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Satybaldiyeva N, Delker E, Bandoli G. Childhood Aggressive Behavior and Adolescent Substance Use Initiation. SUBSTANCE USE & ADDICTION JOURNAL 2024; 45:415-422. [PMID: 38254275 PMCID: PMC11179990 DOI: 10.1177/29767342231226084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug and alcohol use before the age of 14 is associated with adverse outcomes over the life course. While previous studies have identified numerous sociodemographic characteristics associated with youth substance use initiation, few have examined the relationship between behavioral characteristics, such as childhood aggression, and substance use initiation in adolescence. METHODS This longitudinal study consisted of 2985 children from the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing Study. Aggression was measured using primary caregiver report when the children were about the age of 9 and cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana use was measured using the child report when the children were age 9 and age 15. Separate multivariable Poisson regression models were fitted for each substance use initiation outcome. RESULTS Childhood aggression was positively associated with the initiation of cigarette and marijuana use in adolescence (aRR = 2.3 [95% CI = 1.5,3.4] and aRR = 1.3 [95% CI = 1.1,1.6], respectively). Childhood aggression was not associated with adolescent alcohol use initiation (aRR = 1.2 [95% CI = 0.9,1.5]). CONCLUSIONS The presence of aggressive behavior in childhood was associated with the initiation of cigarette and marijuana use in adolescence. These results may be used to identify children at higher risk of cigarette and marijuana use, who may benefit from additional monitoring for substance use initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Satybaldiyeva
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erin Delker
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Gretchen Bandoli
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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de Oliveira Gracini CL, Nascimento GG, Vidigal MTC, de Oliveira MN, Herval ÁM, Blumenberg C, Vieira WA, Lima RR, Paranhos LR. Suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use by adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. SAO PAULO MED J 2024; 142:e2022641. [PMID: 38655989 PMCID: PMC11034886 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0641.r2.23012024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is characterized by complex and dynamic changes, often involving experimentation, including the use of psychotropic substances. Although it is well-established that recreational psychotropic drugs are associated with suicide ideation in adults, evidence of this association in adolescents remains limited. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between suicide ideation and psychotropic recreational drug use among adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING Systematic review with meta-analysis developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU) and Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Brazil. METHODS A search across eight electronic databases for observational studies, without language or publication year restrictions, was conducted. The Joanna Briggs Institute tool was used to assess the risk of bias. Random-effects meta-analyses and odds ratios were used to measure the effects. RESULTS The search yielded 19,732 studies, of which 78 were included in the qualitative synthesis and 32 in the meta-analysis. The findings indicated that suicidal ideation was 1.96 times more likely (95% confidence interval, CI = 1.47; 2.61) for adolescents who used some drug recurrently and 3.32 times more likely (95%CI = 1.86; 5.93) among those who abused drugs. Additionally, adolescents who used cannabis were 1.57 times more likely (95%CI = 1.34; 1.84) to experience suicide ideation compared with non-users, while cocaine users had 2.57 times higher odds (95%CI = 1.47; 4.50). CONCLUSIONS Psychotropic recreational drug use is associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents regardless of current or previous use, abuse, or type of substance used. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION Registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification number CRD42021232360. https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021232360.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássia Lima de Oliveira Gracini
- MSc. Nurse, Master’s student, Postgraduate Program in Management and Public Health, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba (SP), Brazil
| | - Gustavo Giacomelli Nascimento
- PhD. Dentist, Principal Investigator, National Dental Centre Singapore, National Dental Research Institute Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; Professor, Oral Health Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal
- MSc. Dentist, Master’s student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | - Murilo Navarro de Oliveira
- MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | - Álex Moreira Herval
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | - Cauane Blumenberg
- PhD. Computer Scientist, Collaborative Researcher, Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | - Walbert A. Vieira
- MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba (SP), Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém (PA), Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Brazil
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Wang M, Zhong Y, Chen Y, Li Q, Su X, Wei Z, Sun L. Differentiating the association between age of alcohol use initiation and conditional suicidal behaviors among adolescents. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2024; 16:e12554. [PMID: 38509771 DOI: 10.1111/appy.12554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicide and early alcohol use initiation are public health concerns. Previous studies have explored the associations between age of alcohol use initiation and suicidal behaviors, which progresses from ideation to action. Distinguishing between the various associations can help gain a deeper understanding of suicidal behaviors and aid in developing social suicide prevention strategies. METHODS The study utilized the Youth Risk Behavior Survey to investigate this association. A total of 17 209 students were finally included in the study. Conditional suicidal behaviors included no suicidal behavior (NS), suicidal ideation without a plan or attempt (SINPA), suicide plan without an attempt (SPNA) and suicide attempt (SA). RESULTS Among 17 209 students, the prevalence of suicidal ideation, suicide plan, and suicide attempt were 21.4%, 17.3%, and 11.1%, respectively. Moreover, 15.2% of the students used alcohol before age 13, whereas 31.7% of students used alcohol at age 13 or older. Compared to NS, students using alcohol showed significant associations with SA (OR = 2.34, p < .001; OR = 1.29, p < .01), SPNA (OR = 1.68, p < .001; OR = 1.19, p < .05) and SINPA (OR = 1.55, p < .001; OR = 1.40, p < .001). Comparing with SINPA and SNPA, students using alcohol before age 13 were associated with SA (OR = 1.61, p < .001; OR = 1.46, p < .001), whereas those using alcohol at or after the age 13 were not associated with SA (OR = 0.98, p > .05; OR = 1.09, p > .05). DISCUSSION This study demonstrated that early alcohol use initiation was significantly associated with suicide attempts among students with suicidal ideations or plans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yunxi Zhong
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qixiu Li
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoying Su
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen Wei
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Long Sun
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- NHC Key Lab of Health Economics and Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Chau K, Chau N. Substance Use Among Middle School Adolescents: Association with Family Members' and Peers' Substance Use and the Mediating Role of School and Mental Difficulties. Psychiatry 2024; 87:111-133. [PMID: 38376486 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2024.2303897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed the associations of substance (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and other illicit drugs) use of adolescents with that of their family members (father, mother, step-parent, brothers/sisters, and grandparents) and peers, and the mediating role of school and mental difficulties (SMDs) which remained insufficiently addressed. METHODS This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents in France (mean age = 13.5 ± 1.3, 778 boys, 781 girls). They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure and parents' education, occupation, and income), substance use, cumulative number of substance use of family members (father, mother, step-parent, brothers/sisters, and grandparents) and peers (noted familySUcn and peerSUcn), SMDs (grade repetition, suffered physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, lack of family/peer support, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, and age at onset). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS Most adolescents had familySUcn 1-2, 3-5, and ≥ 6 (39.1%, 23.0%, and 4.5%, respectively) and peerSUcn 1-2 and ≥ 3 (36.1% and 13.0%, respectively). Strong dose-effect associations were found between all substance use and familySUcn and peerSUcn (odds ratio adjusted for sex, age, and socioeconomic features reaching 13.44 and 9.90, respectively, most with p < .001). SMDs explained more the associations of all substance use with familySUcn than with peerSUcn (contributions reaching 69% and 34%, respectively). The proportion of subjects without each substance use decreased with age more quickly among the adolescents with higher familySUcn or peerSUcn. CONCLUSIONS Early prevention reducing familySUcn, peerSUcn and SMDs among adolescents and their families may reduce efficiently initiation and regular use of substances during adolescents' life course.
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Somme L, Audouin M, Chau N, Beyaert C, Perrin P. Associations of Postural Activities and Knowledge for Voice with Breathing Issues and Voice-Physical-Disorders Among Lyric Singers. J Voice 2024:S0892-1997(23)00408-3. [PMID: 38195334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS The purpose of this research was to study the associations of postural activities and knowledge of the voice of opera singers, recognized in the literature for the specificity of their posture. Additionally, the link between vocal pathologies and body pains on one hand, and posture control on the other hand was investigated. METHODS A questionnaire including 90 questions was distributed to singers in France and overseas during 6 months. Ninety-eight opera singers participated in the survey. Data were analyzed using Excel and Stata software. RESULTS The results showed that the singers who paid more attention to posture, postural work while singing, had knowledge of anatomy and postural role in singing voice, healthy lifestyle, and good body habits, had less vocal discomfort and pathologies, a better vocal preservation, and used more costo-abdominal breathing. On the other hand, knowledge of postural role and postural work was linked with pain and vocal fatigue. Furthermore, a preventive need was revealed concerning the providing of knowledge and skills to singers, but also to singing teachers, speech therapists, and stage workers. CONCLUSION Our study shows that benefits were found in the voice quality of opera singers with anatomical and postural knowledge and who work on posture as part of their vocal work compared to others. Postural work and knowledge increase attention to body pain and vocal fatigue. These results can inform health care providers, opera singers, and their teachers and performers of the benefits of posture on operatic voice quality. Accordingly, this study sparks new ideas for postural work and therapy in lyric voice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauriane Somme
- University of Lorraine, Research Unit 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Mathilde Audouin
- University of Lorraine, Research Unit 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- Faculty of Sciences, Royal University of Phnom-Penh, Phnom-Penh, Cambodia
| | - Christian Beyaert
- University of Lorraine, Research Unit 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Regional Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 54000 Nancy, France; Laboratory for the Analysis of Posture, Equilibrium and Motor Function (LAPEM), University Hospital of Nancy, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Perrin
- University of Lorraine, Research Unit 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Laboratory for the Analysis of Posture, Equilibrium and Motor Function (LAPEM), University Hospital of Nancy, 54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, University Hospital of Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Chau K, Perrin P, Chau N. Associations between excessive screen time and school and out-of-school injuries among adolescents: A population-based study. Psychiatry Res 2024; 331:115679. [PMID: 38142602 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Most adolescents spend excessive screen time (with television viewing, computer/console gaming, discussion forums/chatting online, internet surfing, doing homework, and electronic mails) which may impact the occurring of various types of school and out-of-school injuries. We assessed their associations and potential confounding factors among 1559 middle-school students from north-eastern France (mean age=13.5 ± 1.3). Participants completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features, daily screen time for various screen-based activities (coded 1=<2, 2 = 2-4, 3=≥5 h; daily-total-screen time level (TDST) was defined as their sum, categorized into <7/7-11/≥12), various injury types during the school-year, behavior and health difficulties (BHDs; alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other illicit drugs use, suffered physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, poor family-peer support, sleep difficulty, depressive symptoms, suicide attempt, and time at onset). Most subjects had TDST≥7 (82.3 %). There were dose-effect associations of TDST with school-physical/sports training, school-free-time, out-of-school-sports, and single/repeated injuries (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio reaching 4.45). BHDs explained up to 39 % of these associations. The frequency of subjects without various BHDs decreased with age since age 10 more quickly among the participants with both TDST≥7 and injury than among the others. Our findings may inform health care providers, parents, schools, and public policy that reducing elevated screen time is efficient to prevent injuries and BHDs among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- University of Lorraine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe Perrin
- University of Lorraine, RU 3450 DevAH - Development, Adaptation and Handicap, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Nancy, Department of Paediatric Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, Paris UMR-S1178, France.
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Zhao Y, Potenza MN, Tapert SF, Paulus MP. Neural correlates of negative life events and their relationships with alcohol and cannabis use initiation. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 25:112-121. [PMID: 37916739 PMCID: PMC10623894 DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2023.2252437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Negative life events (NLEs), e.g., poor academic performance (controllable) or being the victim of a crime (uncontrollable), can profoundly affect the trajectory of one's life. Yet, their impact on how the brain develops is still not well understood. This investigation examined the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) dataset for the impact of NLEs on the initiation of alcohol and cannabis use, as well as underlying neural mechanisms. METHODS This study evaluated the impact of controllable and uncontrollable NLEs on substance use initiation in 207 youth who initiated alcohol use, 168 who initiated cannabis use, and compared it to 128 youth who remained substance-naïve, using generalised linear regression models. Mediation analyses were conducted to determine neural pathways of NLE impacting substance use trajectories. RESULTS Dose-response relationships between controllable NLEs and substance use initiation were observed. Having one controllable NLE increased the odds of alcohol initiation by 50% (95%CI [1.18, 1.93]) and cannabis initiation by 73% (95%CI [1.36, 2.24]), respectively. Greater cortical thickness in left banks of the superior temporal sulcus mediated effects of controllable NLEs on alcohol and cannabis initiations. Greater left caudate gray-matter volumes mediated effects of controllable NLEs on cannabis initiation. CONCLUSIONS Controllable but not uncontrollable NLEs increased the odds of alcohol and cannabis initiation. Moreover, those individuals with less mature brain structures at the time of the NLEs experienced a greater impact of NLEs on subsequent initiation of alcohol or cannabis use. Targeting youth experiencing controllable NLEs may help mitigate alcohol and cannabis initiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihong Zhao
- Columbia University School of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N. Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, USA
- Connecticut Council on Problem Gambling, Wethersfield, CT, USA
- Wu Tsai Institute, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Susan F. Tapert
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Martin P. Paulus
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA
- Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, USA
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Ding L, Liu Y, Liu X. Risk Factors of Suicide Attempt among Adolescents with Suicide Ideation in Low- and Middle-Income Countries across the Globe. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:1209-1215. [PMID: 37832147 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2258219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Suicide is a serious public health problem for adolescents. Based on the framework of ideation-to-action, it is important to examine the factors associated with the translation from suicide ideation to suicide attempt. The present study aimed to investigate the risk factors of suicide attempts among adolescents with suicide ideation in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We analyzed data of students aged 12-18 years who participated in the 2009-2013 Global School-based Health Surveys (GSHS) in 39 LMICs. The Chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of suicide attempts among participants with suicide ideation, the multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify significant factors associated with suicide attempts among suicide ideators. Among 22,655 adolescents with suicide ideation, 55.1% of them reported having made a suicide attempt in the past year. Loneliness, anxiety, alcohol use, and drug use were risk factors for suicide attempts among suicide ideators. Strategies should be implemented to reduce the likelihood of adolescents acting on their suicidal thoughts, such as community psychological crisis line, school-based mental health and skills training programs, and family support for adolescents with psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwen Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Health Behavior and Social Medicine, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Xi W, Banerjee S, Zima BT, Alexopoulos GS, Olfson M, Xiao Y, Pathak J. Effects of Geography on Risk for Future Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Children and Youth. JAACAP OPEN 2023; 1:206-217. [PMID: 37946932 PMCID: PMC10635419 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaacop.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective Geography may influence the relationships of predictors for suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) in children and youth. Method This is a nationwide retrospective cohort study of 124,424 individuals less than 25 years of age using commercial claims data (2011-2015) from the Health Care Cost Institute. Outcomes were time to SI or SA within 3 months after the indexed mental health or substance use disorder (MH/SUD) outpatient visit. Predictors included sociodemographic and clinical characteristics up to 3 years before the index event. Results At each follow-up time period, rates of SI and SA varied by the US geographic division (p < .001), and the Mountain Division consistently had the highest rates for both SI and SA (5.44%-10.26% for SI; 0.70%-2.82% for SA). Having MH emergency department (ED) visits in the past year increased the risk of SI by 28% to 65% for individuals residing in the New England, Mid-Atlantic, East North Central, West North Central, and East South Central Divisions. The main effects of geographic divisions were significant for SA (p<0.001). Risk of SA was lower in New England, Mid-Atlantic, South Atlantic, and Pacific (hazard ratios = 0.57, 0.51, 0.67, and 0.79, respectively) and higher in the Mountain Division (hazard ratio = 1.46). Conclusion To understand the underlying mechanisms driving the high prevalence of SI and SA in the Mountain Division and the elevated risk of SI after having MH ED visits, future research examining regional differences in risks for SI and SA should include indicators of access to MH ED care and other social determinants of health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Xi
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York
| | | | - Bonnie T Zima
- Center for Health Services and Society, UCLA-Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Los Angeles, California
| | | | - Mark Olfson
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York
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Chau N, Perrin P, Gauchard G, Bhattacherjee A, Senapati A, Belbraouet S, Guillemin F, Falissard B, Chau K. Associations between School-Behavior-Health Difficulties and Subsequent Injuries among Younger Adolescents: A Population-based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:344-363. [PMID: 37522706 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2238571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: School-behavior-health difficulties (SBHDs) may alter physical/mental capabilities and consequently increase injury risk during daily activities. This study assessed the associations of potential SBHDs and their cumulative number (SBHDcn) with various injury types among younger adolescents. Methods: The study population included 1,559 middle-school adolescents in France (10-18 years, 98% under 16,778 boys and 781 girls). They completed a questionnaire at school-year end collecting socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income), school/out-of-school injuries during the school-year (dependent variables), and SBHDs starting before the school-year (low academic performance, alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other-illicit-drugs use, physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, poor general health status, sleep difficulty, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results: Injuries were frequent during school-physical/sports-training (10.9%), other-school-training (4.7%), school-free-time (7.4%), out-of-school-sports-activity (16.5%), and traffic (2.2%). Single injury (one injury all injury types combined) and ≥2 injury types affected 23.3 and 7.9% of subjects, respectively. The proportion of adolescents without SBHDs decreased with age more quickly among those with each injury type than among those without injury. Various SBHDs were associated with most injury types, single injury, and ≥2 injury types (sex-age-adjusted odds/relative-risk ratios reaching 11, p < .001). A dose-effect association was found between SBHDcn 1-2/3-5/≥6 and both single injury and ≥2 injury types (sex-age adjusted relative risk ratios reaching 12.66, p < .001, vs. SBHDcn = 0). Socioeconomic features had a moderate confounding role in these associations. Conclusions: SBHDs strongly predict injuries among adolescents. Our findings may inform healthcare providers about their prominent role in detecting/reducing SBHDs and injuries.
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Wang Q, Wang H. Cannabis and tobacco use among adolescents aged 12-17 years from 16 low- and middle-income countries. J Glob Health 2023; 13:04066. [PMID: 37499128 PMCID: PMC10374269 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.13.04066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to examine the association between cannabis use and tobacco use in 12-17-year-old adolescents residing in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods We used data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey collected between 2012 and 2022. We selected 16 LMICs based on pre-defined inclusion criteria and compared the prevalence of cannabis use for female and for male adolescents for each country. We estimated age- and sex-standardised distributions of tobacco use, school truancy, suicide attempt, sex with multiple partners, physical fighting, perceived school kindness, and parental monitoring were estimated. We used multivariable logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) measuring associations between cannabis use and other variables. We generated pooled estimates through random effects meta-analyses. Results The overall pooled prevalence of cannabis use was 4.3% (95% CI = 3.2-5.9), with significant between-country heterogeneities (I2 = 91.4%; P = 0.000). Cannabis use was more prevalent in males than in females in each country. Tobacco use was strongly associated with cannabis use in all 16 LMICs. Tobacco users had approximately 11 to 14 times greater odds of cannabis use than non-tobacco users. Sex with multiple partners, suicide attempts, and school truancy had a robust association with cannabis use in over half of LMICs. Conclusions There is a need for comprehensive preventive measures targeting multiple risk behaviours associated with cannabis use for adolescents in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Medicine for Cancer, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Dadras O, Wang CW. Suicidal behaviours and their correlates in school-going Lebanese adolescents: findings from a national survey. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2023; 17:89. [PMID: 37438736 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-023-00642-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent suicide is regarded as a serious phenomenon that affects the well-being of the youth. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of suicidal behaviours and their association with physical/psychological harm and substance use in a nationally representative sample of adolescents in Grades 7-12 in Lebanon. METHODS Data from the latest Global School-Based Student Health Survey conducted in 2017 were used in this study. The prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among those who had considered committing suicide, at least once, were explored. RESULTS An estimated 13.45% of Lebanese adolescents, particularly females in Grades 7-12 had considered suicide at least once in the past 12 months. More importantly, almost half of them had attempted it at least once in the past 12 months. Those who frequently felt lonely or worried (previous year), were involved in physical fights or assaults (previous year), had been verbally or physically bullied (previous month), had missed more school days, experienced food insecurity, and had a history of substance abuse (marijuana, amphetamine, alcohol, and tobacco products) were more likely to exhibit suicidal behaviours. Parental support and older age at drug initiation appeared to be protective factors. DISCUSSION The findings characterise the correlates of suicidal behaviours among school-going Lebanese adolescents and determine the attributes of the risk group susceptible to engaging in suicide attempts. Future interventions and policies should consider these attributes when monitoring target groups, particularly those with the alarming behaviours identified in this study. In addition, awareness campaigns that engage all stakeholders, particularly parents, should be prioritised by the authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Dadras
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Section Global Health and Rehabilitation, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Chia-Wen Wang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
- Lloyd's Register Foundation Institute for the Public Understanding of Risk, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Chau K, Gauchard G, Belbraouet S, Perrin P, Chau N. Association of School Health Relationship Difficulties with Lack of Regular Physical Activity in Younger Adolescents: A Population Based Study. Psychiatry 2023; 86:229-248. [PMID: 37348079 DOI: 10.1080/00332747.2023.2222639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Lack of regular physical activity (LPA) and the number of days/week with physical activity >60 minutes/day (Ndw) may be associated with school-health-relational difficulties (SHRDs) during the life-course. This study assessed their associations and the confounding role of socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' education/occupation/income) among younger adolescents. Methods: This cross-sectional population-based study included 1,559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (10-18 years, 98% under 16 years, 778 boys and 781 girls). They completed over one-hour teaching period a questionnaire collecting last-12-month LPA and last-7-day Ndw (dependent variables), and risk factors including socioeconomic features, SHRDs (previous grade repetitions, last-12-month poor general health status/physical health/psychological health/social-relationships, depressive symptoms (and age at onset and duration from onset); cumulated number noted SHRDcn). Data were analyzed using logistic/linear regression models. Results: LPA was common (32.5%) and associated with all SHRDs (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio saOR reaching 1.99, p < .001) and depressive-symptoms duration (saOR 1.63 (p < .05) and 2.11 (p < .001) for 1-2 and ≥3 years, respectively, vs. no depressive symptoms). A dose-effect association was found between SHRDcn and LPA (24.0, 33.7, 45.6, and 53.5%; saOR 1.59, 2.58, and 3.43; for SHRDcn 1-2, 3-4, and ≥5 respectively, vs. SHRDcn = 0, p < .001). Ndw was similarly associated with all SHRDs and SHRDcn (sex-age-adjusted regression coefficient reaching -1.10 day/week, p < .001). These results were robust when controlling for socioeconomic features (18%
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Chau K, Chau N. Association between untreated low back pain and injury proneness and confounding role of behavioral-health difficulties among younger adolescents: a population-based study. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2023:10.1007/s00586-023-07679-4. [PMID: 37103577 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07679-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low back pain (LPB) is mostly left untreated (LBPuntreated) and may increase the injury risk due to associated behavioral-health difficulties (BHDs) among adolescents. This study assessed the association between LBPuntreated (vs. treated LBP (LBPtreated)) and injuries and the mediating role of BHDs among younger adolescents (10-16 years). METHODS This population-based study compared 328 adolescents with LBPuntreated (mean age = 13.7 ± 1.3) with 291 with LBPtreated (mean age = 13.3 ± 1.2) from north-eastern France. They completed a questionnaire collecting, at school-year end, socioeconomic features, LBPtreated/LBPuntreated, BHDs (alcohol/tobacco use, excessive screen-time, poor social support, poor physical health, depressive symptoms, and pain limiting activities), and injuries during the current school-year. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS The proportion of subjects without alcohol/tobacco use or depressive symptoms decreased with time more quickly since age 10 among the adolescents with LBPuntreated than among those with LBPtreated. Hence, most LBP early started and the subjects with LBPuntreated had a higher risk of single injury (sex-age-class-level-socioeconomic-features-adjusted relative risk ratio RR = 1.63, p < 0.05, vs. LBPtreated) and a much higher risk of ≥ 2 injuries (RR = 2.60, p < 0.001). BHDs played a strong mediating role in the association between LBPuntreated and ≥ 2 injuries (contribution = 48%) but a modest mediating role in that between LBPuntreated and single injury (contribution = 10%) (pseudo R2 = 7.6%). CONCLUSION LBPuntreated is common and associated with injuries partly due to BHDs (which may alter physical/mental capabilities, risk perception/awareness, and vigilance) among younger adolescents. Our results may inform healthcare providers that they can detect/treat LBP and BHDs to prevent their aggravation and injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Department of General Medicine, INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, University of Lorraine, 20199, 9, avenue de la Forêt de Haye, 54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, Meurthe-et-Moselle, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- Institut National de la Santé et de la recherche médicale (INSERM), unit 1178, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, Maison de Solenn, 97, Boulevard de Port Royal, 75679, Paris Cedex 14, France.
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Chau K, Brard E, Riff M. Re-engagement of Early Adolescents with Severe School Issues in School/Professional Project Reduces School-Behavior-Health Problems. THE JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH 2023; 93:313-323. [PMID: 36443953 DOI: 10.1111/josh.13265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In France, 3.2 million middle-school students have serious/persistent school difficulties and are re-engaged in adapted-general/vocational-education class (AGVEC), created to early re-engage them in school/professional projects. We assessed the AGVEC's benefits for school-behavior-health-related difficulties (SBHDs). METHODS This population-based study compared 83 AGVEC students (mean age = 14.4 ± 1.1) with 1559 regular-class students (mean age = 13.5 ± 1.3) from north-eastern France. They completed a questionnaire collecting socioeconomic features and SBHDs. The data were analyzed using logistic regression models and Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS The AGVEC students had similar academic performance but fewer school absences due to health problems, less sleep difficulty, fewer depressive symptoms, and more social support as compared with regular-class students: sex-age-class-level-adjusted odds ratio (saclOR) 0.31-0.56 (p < 0.05/0.001). The AGVEC students had fewer skipping school, better health status, less sleep difficulty, fewer depressive symptoms, fewer suicide ideation/attempt, and more social support as compared with regular-class students with low academic performance: saclOR 0.22-0.52 (most with p < 0.01). Socioeconomic features played modest roles. The benefits for depressive symptoms and suicide attempt increased with age since age 10. CONCLUSIONS Re-engagement in the AGVEC is particularly effective in reducing SBHDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Department of General Medicine, University of Lorraine; National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116 F-54500, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Emmanuelle Brard
- Department of General Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Maria Riff
- Department of General Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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[What is the contribution of smoking to the increased risk of suicide in young smokers? A systematic review]. L'ENCEPHALE 2023; 49:72-86. [PMID: 36253173 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The correlation between smoking and suicide is well documented in the general population: there is an increased risk of suicide among tobacco smokers. However, the association between smoking and suicidal behaviors (ideations, plans, attempts) in youth is poorly elucidated. This is a systematic review of the literature examined data on the relationship between active and passive smoking and suicidal ideation (SI), suicide planning (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) among youth in the general population. METHOD Medline searches were performed for the period 1980-2020. Cross-sectional, case-control, prospective population-based studies of young people (age less than 18 years) were included in this review; studies of specific populations (patients with an identified pathology of any kind) were excluded. RESULTS This review included 43 studies: 23 studies on the association between active smoking and SI, SI and/or PS, TS; three studies on the association between passive smoking and suicidal behavior, three studies on the association between smoking and suicidal behavior in young people in psychiatric hospital settings, and five studies comparing the suicidal behavior of girls and boys. Analysis of the data collected lead to the conclusion that active or passive smoking is associated with suicidal behavior in young people. Smoking appears to contribute to psychopathological disorders, including depression, the use of other psychoactive substances, or psychosocial suffering which are often associated with an increased risk of suicide in young people. The correlations between smoking and the presence of mental disorders have been highlighted; tobacco use may contribute to the development of depression, anxiety and stress. Further studies are needed to verify the existence of a causal link between smoking and suicide. CONCLUSION Smoking is associated with the risk of suicidal behavior in young people; it should be included among the criteria for assessing suicidal risk in youth. Smoking cessation, which improves psychological well-being, should be further integrated into the prevention of suicidal behavior.
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Chau K, Schweitzer-Troester C, Leroy B, Kabuth B. Associations between school difficulties and family type and the role of socioeconomic, behavior and health-related difficulties in early adolescents: a population-based study. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:623-633. [PMID: 35112630 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2022.2030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Nowadays many early adolescents are living in non-intact families (parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents) and have many school difficulties (learning difficulty, skipping school, school absence due to family problems, grade repetition, low school performance, and school dropout ideation). This study assessed the associations between school difficulties and family type which remain little addressed and the confounding role of socioeconomic adversities and behavior, social support and health-related difficulties (BSSHDs). METHODS The study population included 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed at the end of school-year a questionnaire gathering socioeconomic adversities, school difficulties and BSSHDs (being obese, substances use, sustained physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt; cumulated number noted BSSHDCM). Data was analyzed using logistic regression models. RESULTS The adolescents with parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents had a much higher risk for various school difficulties than those in intact families (sex-age-adjusted odds ratios 1.60-4.70, mostly with p < 0.001). These risks were robust and remained significant (often with p < 0.01/0.001) after adjustment for socioeconomic adversities and BSSHDCM. The contributions of socioeconomic adversities plus BSSHDCM to the risks were mostly elevated (>40%, reaching 65%) while those of socioeconomic adversities alone were mostly moderate (<30%, but reaching 52%). CONCLUSIONS Family type plays a strong role in school difficulties among early adolescents, mainly due to socioeconomic adversities and BSSHDCM. Our results may help primary care providers identify at-risk adolescents and their problems and establish timely prevention and care.HighlightsLearning difficulty, school absence, grade repetition, low academic performance, and school dropout ideation are common in early adolescents.The adolescents with parents divorced/separated, reconstructed families or single parents have up to 4.7-time higher risk for these school difficulties than those in intact families.These risks are robust after adjustment for socioeconomic, behavior and health-related difficulties which explain up to 65% of the risks.School-difficulty prevention should consider family features and include early monitoring behavior and health-related difficulties in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Benoît Leroy
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Bernard Kabuth
- Faculté de Médecine, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Mo L, Li H, Zhu T. Exploring the Suicide Mechanism Path of High-Suicide-Risk Adolescents-Based on Weibo Text Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11495. [PMID: 36141767 PMCID: PMC9517096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescent suicide can have serious consequences for individuals, families and society, so we should pay attention to it. As social media becomes a platform for adolescents to share their daily lives and express their emotions, online identification and intervention of adolescent suicide problems become possible. In order to find the suicide mechanism path of high-suicide-risk adolescents, we explore the factors that influence is, especially the relations between psychological pain, hopelessness and suicide stages. METHODS We identified high-suicide-risk adolescents through machine learning model identification and manual identification, and used the Weibo text analysis method to explore the suicide mechanism path of high-suicide-risk adolescents. RESULTS Qualitative analysis showed that 36.2% of high-suicide-risk adolescents suffered from mental illness, and depression accounted for 76.3% of all mental illnesses. The mediating effect analysis showed that hopelessness played a complete mediating role between psychological pain and suicide stages. In addition, hopelessness was significantly negatively correlated with suicide stages. CONCLUSION mental illness (especially depression) in high-suicide-risk adolescents is closely related to suicide stages, the later the suicide stage, the higher the diagnosis rate of mental illness. The suicide mechanism path in high-suicide-risk adolescents is: psychological pain→ hopelessness → suicide stages, indicating that psychological pain mainly affects suicide risk through hopelessness. Adolescents who are later in the suicide stages have fewer expressions of hopelessness in the traditional sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuling Mo
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - He Li
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingshao Zhu
- Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Cannabis smoking increases the risk of suicide ideation and suicide attempt in young individuals of 11-21 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 153:90-98. [PMID: 35810604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabis is the most frequently consumed drug around the world. Its use has been associated with increased suicide behaviors; nonetheless, the association of cannabis smoking and suicide behaviors in adolescents has not yet been established. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or suicide planning in individuals of 11-21 years of age who smoke cannabis. METHODS We performed an online searched using PubMed, EBSCO and Science Direct databases, up to July 2021. We calculated odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals to evaluate the association between suicide attempt, suicidal ideation or suicide planning and cannabis smoking in individuals of 11-21 years of age. RESULTS Twenty studies reported suicide attempts in 34,859 young individuals, suicidal ideation in 26, 937 individuals, and suicide planning in 9054 young individuals. We found an increased risk of suicide attempt in cannabis smokers than in non-cannabis users (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.78-3.05; Z p value; <0.0001; I2 = 97.12%), as well as a significant association between cannabis smoking and suicidal ideation (OR: 2.04; 95%CI: 1.64-2.53; Z p value: <0.001; I2: 94.88) and suicide planning (OR: 1.674; 95% CI: 1.554-1.804; Z p value: 0.000; I2: 92.609). Subgroup analyses showed that American teens have an increased risk of suicidal ideation; the meta-regression analysis revealed that age was negatively associated with the risk of suicide attempt. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis shows that cannabis smoking increased the risk of suicide attempt, suicidal ideation and suicide planning in young individuals of 11-21 years of age. The high risk of suicide behaviors could vary depending on the population studied; therefore, more studies are necessary to corroborate the risk of presenting suicide behaviors in individuals of 11-21 years of age who smoke cannabis.
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Zhong Y, Pham S, Porta G, Douaihy A, Marsland A, Brent D, Melhem NM. Increased burden of cardiovascular risk among youth suicide attempters. Psychol Med 2022; 52:1901-1909. [PMID: 33070786 PMCID: PMC8053730 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291720003736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide and cardiovascular disease rank among the leading causes of disability and premature mortality worldwide. Young adult suicide attempters are at increased risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease even compared to those with major depressive disorder suggesting an increased burden of cardiovascular risk factors. We compared the cardiovascular risk burden between youth attempters and other high-risk individuals. METHODS Participants were from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), a U.S. population-based study, aged 18-30 years [suicide attempt (SA): n = 303; suicidal ideation (SI): n = 451; controls: n = 3671]; and psychiatric inpatients admitted for a SA (n = 38) or SI (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 37) aged 15-30 years. We computed a cardiovascular risk score and high- and low-risk latent classes based on risk factors of high blood pressure, obesity, and smoking. RESULTS Suicide attempters showed an increased cardiovascular risk score (CPES: B = 0.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.31-0.54, p < 0.001; inpatient sample: B = 1.61, 95% CI 0.53-2.68, p = 0.004) compared to controls. They were also more likely to be classified in the high cardiovascular risk group (CPES: odds ratio (OR) 3.36, 95% CI 1.67-6.78, p = 0.001; inpatient sample: OR 9.89, 95% CI 1.38-85.39, p = 0.03) compared to those with SI (CPES: OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.55-2.39, p = 0.71; inpatient sample: OR 1.91, 95% CI 0.25-15.00, p = 0.53). CONCLUSIONS Youth attempters show an increased burden for cardiovascular risk compared to other high-risk individuals in inpatient and population-based samples. Clinicians should pay particular attention to cardiovascular risk factors among suicide attempters in order to reduce their risk for cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqi Zhong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Steven Pham
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Giovanna Porta
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Antoine Douaihy
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anna Marsland
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David Brent
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadine M Melhem
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Do Cigarette Smoking and Amphetamine Use Predict Suicide Behaviors Among Adolescents in Liberia? Findings from a National Cross-sectional Survey. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Sheftall AH, Vakil F, Ruch DA, Boyd RC, Lindsey MA, Bridge JA. Black Youth Suicide: Investigation of Current Trends and Precipitating Circumstances. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 61:662-675. [PMID: 34509592 PMCID: PMC8904650 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2021.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Suicide among Black youth is a significant public health concern, yet research investigating the epidemiology of suicide in this population is limited. This study examines current trends and precipitating circumstances of suicide by sex and age group in Black youth 5 to 17 years of age, using 2 national databases. METHOD Data from the Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System (WISQARS) and the National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) were used to investigate trends and precipitating circumstances of Black youth suicide from 2003 to 2017. We hypothesized suicide rates would increase over time for both sexes and all age groups (5-11, 12-14, and 15-17 years), and precipitating circumstances would differ by sex and age group. Trend analyses were conducted using Joinpoint regression software, version 4.8.0.01 (Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute). Sex and age group comparisons of characteristics and precipitating circumstances were conducted using standard univariate statistical tests. RESULTS From 2003 to 2017, Black youth experienced a significant upward trend in suicide with the largest annual percentage change in the 15- to 17-year age group and among girls (4.9% and 6.6%, respectively). Mental health problems, relationship problems, interpersonal trauma and life stressors, and prior suicidal thoughts/behavior were the most common clinical characteristics and precipitating circumstances, with several varying by sex and age group. CONCLUSION Increases in Black youth suicide calls for the prioritization of research aimed at identifying specific risk and protective factors as well as developmental mechanisms associated with Black youth suicidal behavior. To implement effective suicide prevention programming, understanding targets for intervention is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle H Sheftall
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus.
| | - Fatima Vakil
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Donna A Ruch
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Rhonda C Boyd
- Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia
| | - Michael A Lindsey
- Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York; McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy and Research, New York
| | - Jeffrey A Bridge
- Center for Suicide Prevention and Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus
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Chau K, Bhattacherjee A, Senapati A, Guillemin F, Chau N. Association between screen time and cumulating school, behavior, and mental health difficulties in early adolescents: A population-based study. Psychiatry Res 2022; 310:114467. [PMID: 35227988 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Early adolescents may daily spend excessive screen-time (with television viewing, computer/console gaming, discussion forums/chatting online, internet surfing, doing homework, and electronic mails) while its association with cumulating several school-behavior-mental-health difficulties (SBMDs) (poor-academic-performance, being obese, alcohol/tobacco/cannabis/other-illicit-drugs use, suffered violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, depressive symptoms, and suicide attempt) is poorly addressed. We investigated this association among 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features, daily screen-time for various screen-based activities (coded 1=<2/2=2-4/3=≥5 h; daily-total-screen-time level DSAtotal was defined as their sum and categorized into 4 levels: 6-7/8-9/10-12/≥13), various SBMDs and the time of their onset during the life course (their cumulated number SBMDscore was categorized into 5 levels: 0/1/2/3-4/≥5). Logistic regression modeling showed that the DSAtotal was strongly associated with all SBMDs (gender-age-adjusted odds ratio reaching 8.28, p < 0.001) and SBMDscore (gender-age-adjusted relative risk reaching 11.60, p < 0.001, pseudo R2 = 0.039). These associations remained strongly significant when controlling for socioeconomic adversities (contributions 20-38%). The proportion of subjects without each SBMD steadily decreased with age according to DSAtotal levels. These findings help to understand the impacts of high DSAtotal on SBMDs in early adolescents and identify at-risk adolescents for prevention and care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France; INSERM, Center d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, 1433, UMR 1116, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Ashis Bhattacherjee
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amrites Senapati
- Department of Mining Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India
| | - Francis Guillemin
- Université de Lorraine, APEMAC, Nancy, France; CIC Epidémiologie Clinique, CHRU Nancy, Inserm, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1018, CESP, Paris Sud University, Paris Descartes University, UMR-S1178, Maison de Solenn, 97, boulevard de Port Royal, Cedex 14, Paris F-75679, France.
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Ahuja M, Awasthi M, Gim S, Records K, Cimilluca J, Al-Ksir K, Tremblay J, Doshi RP, Sathiyasaleen T, Fernandopulle P. Early Age of Cannabis Initiation and Its Association With Suicidal Behaviors. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218221116731. [PMID: 35966616 PMCID: PMC9373116 DOI: 10.1177/11782218221116731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Suicide rates in the U.S. have continued to rise over the last 2 decades. The increased availability and broader legalization of cannabis is a public health concern, particularly among adolescents. The objective of this study was to examine the association between the age of cannabis initiation and lifetime suicidal ideations and attempts in a sample of adults aged 18 or older. Methods: Data are from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys (CPES), 2001 to 2003 (N = 15 238). The primary objective of the CPES was to collect data about the prevalence of mental disorders, impairments associated with these disorders, and their treatment patterns from representative samples of majority and minority adult populations in the U.S. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the association between cannabis initiation age (early ⩽14 years old; later >14 years old) and outcomes of lifetime suicide ideation and attempts. Cigarette use, cannabis use, gender, income, race, education, and age were controlled for the analyses. Results: Overall, 12.5% of participants reported suicide ideation, while 4.2% reported attempt. Early cannabis use was associated with a higher risk of suicide ideation (AOR = 3.32, 95% CI [2.75, 3.80]) than later cannabis use (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI [1.92, 2.39]). Early cannabis use was associated with a higher risk of suicide attempt (AOR = 4.38, 95% CI [3.48, 5.52]) than later cannabis use (AOR = 2.56, 95% CI [2.14, 3.06]). Wald chi-squared tests revealed significant differences between the early and late initiation for both ideation (χ2 = 26.99; P < .001) and attempts (χ2 = 26.02; P < .001). Conclusions: Significant associations were found between early initiation of cannabis and suicide behaviors. As suicide rates continue to rise, it is recommended that clinicians, treatment providers, and other professionals consider the use of cannabis at an early age as a risk for subsequent suicide behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manik Ahuja
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Manul Awasthi
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Suzanna Gim
- LUI Pharmacy, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | - Kathie Records
- School of Nursing, College of Natural and Health Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, CO, USA
| | - Johanna Cimilluca
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Kawther Al-Ksir
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Johnathan Tremblay
- College of Public Health, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Riddhi P Doshi
- Center for Population Health, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, USA
| | | | - Praveen Fernandopulle
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
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Li L, Zhao Y, Shi M, Wang Y. Relationship Between the Early Initiation of Substance Use and Attempted Suicide Among in-School Adolescents in Seven Low- or Middle-Income African Countries: An Analysis of the Global School-Based Student Health Survey Data. Front Psychol 2021; 12:753824. [PMID: 34858282 PMCID: PMC8631758 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.753824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preventing suicide among adolescents is an urgent global public-health challenge, especially in Africa. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the early initiation (< 12 years old) of substance use (cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use) and attempted suicide among in-school adolescents in seven African countries. Methods: Data on the early initiation of substance use and on attempted suicide among in-school adolescents over the previous 12 months in Benin, Liberia, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, and the United Republic of Tanzania were collected from Global School-based Student Health Surveys and were pooled to determine the overall prevalence of these behaviors in adolescents. Univariate and multivariate logistic regressions were then performed to evaluate country-specific associations between the early initiation of substance use and attempted suicide in these adolescents, followed by meta-analyses to evaluate overall pooled associations. Results: In the abovementioned seven African low- or middle-income countries (LMICs), overall weighted prevalences of attempted suicide and early initiation of cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and drug use among in-school adolescents were 16.05, 7.76, 17.68, and 3.48%, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that relative to non-smoking, the early initiation of smoking was significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [OR (95% CI) = 1.783 (1.219–2.348)]. Additionally, the relationship between early initiation of cigarette smoking and attempted suicide is mostly driven by a higher association in girls [OR (95% CI) = 1.867 (1.031–2.703)] than boys [OR (95% CI) = 1.392 (0.995−1.789)]. Moreover, relative to not using other drugs, the early and later initiation of other drug use were also significantly associated with attempted suicide in these adolescents [ORs (95% CIs) = 2.455 (1.701–3.208) and 1.548 (1.198–1.898)]. Conclusion: Programs that can eliminate or decrease the early initiation of substance use among adolescents should be implemented in African LMICs to prevent subsequent suicide attempts, especially among adolescent girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Li
- Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Bukuluki P, Kisaakye P, Wandiembe SP, Besigwa S. Suicide ideation and psychosocial distress among refugee adolescents in Bidibidi settlement in West Nile, Uganda. DISCOVER PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [PMCID: PMC8488914 DOI: 10.1007/s44202-021-00003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the factors associated with suicidal ideation and psychological distress among Sudanese refugees (aged 10–19 years) in Bidibidi refugee settlement, Yumbe district, Uganda. The analysis is based on cross-sectional data collected as part of the implementation of a project on sexual and reproductive health in Bidibidi refugee settlement. Data were collected from 284 South Sudanese adolescents in July 2020. We estimated the prevalence of psychological distress and suicidal ideation, and their associated profiles. Odds ratios and their 95% Confidence Intervals based on a logistic regression model were used to assess the effect of different potential factors on the risk profiles for suicidal ideation and psychological distress. The prevalence of psychological distress (on KS-6 scale) was estimated to be 12.3% (95%CI: 8.7, 16.7%). The risk for psychological distress is low among male adolescents (AOR = 0.51; 95%CI: 0.23, 1.02), older adolescents, (AOR = 0.12; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.40), and adolescents with a friend or family members they can confide in (AOR = 0.33; 95%CI: 0.11, 0.96). Both suicidal ideation and psychological distress are very high among the female adolescents. Familial and individual interventions can be potentially useful for female adolescents who have a high risk of suicide and psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Bukuluki
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Kisaakye
- Department of Population Studies, School of Statistics and Planning, Mathematics Building, Makerere University Main Campus, P O Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Symon Peter Wandiembe
- Department of Statistical Methods, School of Statistics and Planning, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Samuel Besigwa
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Chau K, Vilain E. Association between depressive symptoms and subsequent injuries in early adolescents: a population-based study. Nord J Psychiatry 2021; 75:406-414. [PMID: 33555969 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1877813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Depressive symptoms (DSs) may be frequent and highly increase the risk of injuries in early adolescents (10-16 years). This study assessed the association between DSs and subsequent school and out-of-school injuries in early adolescents. METHODS The study population included 1219 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age =12.7 ± 1.3) who completed at the end of school-year a questionnaire gathering socioeconomic features (nationality, family structure, parents' occupation, parents' education, and family income), obesity, alcohol use, tobacco use, health status, DSs (Kandel scale higher than the median value, hence including moderate levels), and school and out-of-school injuries during the present school-year. Were only considered the DSs and confounders that had started before the school-year. Data was analyzed using multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS DSs were strongly associated with one or more school-physical/sports-training injuries (sex-age-adjusted odds ratio ORsa 2.08, p < 0.001), other-school-training injuries (ORsa 2.13, p < 0.01), school-free-time injuries (ORsa 2.84, p < 0.001), out-of-school-sports injuries (ORsa 1.95, p < 0.001), and traffic injuries (ORsa 3.78, p < 0.001). The risk was higher for having two or more injury categories (ORsa 4.03, p < 0.001) than for only one injury category (ORsa 1.80, p < 0.001). These results were robust and remained after further adjustment for socioeconomic features, obesity, alcohol use, tobacco use, and health status. CONCLUSIONS DSs strongly increase the injury risk in early adolescents. Injury prevention should include DSs screening and monitoring and help adolescents and their neighborhood be aware of the risk.HighlightsInjuries and depressive symptoms (DSs) are frequent in early adolescents.DSs highly predict subsequent school and out-of-school injuries and cumulating several injury types.These results are robust after adjustment for socioeconomic features, being obese, alcohol use, tobacco use and poor health status.Injury prevention should include early DSs screening and monitoring and help adolescents and their neighborhood be aware of the risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Etienne Vilain
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Tan L, Xia T. Predictors on workplace suicidal ideation: from a social interaction perspective. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01928-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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30
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Influence of Cannabis Use Disorder Symptoms on Suicidal Ideation in College Students. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-019-00201-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Buttazzoni A, Tariq U, Thompson-Haile A, Burkhalter R, Cooke M, Minaker L. Adolescent Gender Identity, Sexual Orientation, and Cannabis Use: Potential Mediations by Internalizing Disorder Risk. HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR 2021; 48:82-92. [PMID: 33103513 PMCID: PMC7791274 DOI: 10.1177/1090198120965509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Adolescents who identify as nonbinary gender or as not heterosexual report higher levels of mental illness than their counterparts. Cannabis use is a commonly employed strategy to cope with mental illness symptoms among adolescents; however, cannabis use can have many deleterious health consequences for youth. Within the frame of minority stress theory, this study investigates the relationships between gender identity and sexual orientation, internalizing disorder symptoms, and cannabis use among adolescents. METHOD A national cross-sectional survey of a generalizable sample of high school students in Canada from the 2017 wave (N = 15,191) of the Cancer Risk Assessment in Youth Survey was analyzed in spring 2019. Mediation analyses were completed to examine risk of internalizing disorder symptoms as a potential mediator of the association between (1) gender identity and (2) sexual orientation, and cannabis use. RESULTS Indirect effects in all models show significantly higher levels of reported internalizing disorder symptoms for female (OR = 3.44, 95% CI [2.84, 4.18]) and nonbinary gender (OR = 3.75, 95% CI [2.16, 6.51]) compared with male students. Sexual minority adolescents had higher odds of internalizing disorder risk relative to non-sexual minority adolescents (OR = 3.13, 95% CI [2.63, 3.74]). Students who reported higher rates of internalizing disorder symptoms were more likely to have ever used cannabis. Patterns of partial mediation are also present among all groups. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS Findings can be used to better inform mental health interventions for adolescents. Future study should explore specific mental health stressors of vulnerable adolescent groups with respect to cannabis use as a coping mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulaina Tariq
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo,
Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | - Martin Cooke
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo,
Ontario, Canada
| | - Leia Minaker
- University of Waterloo, Waterloo,
Ontario, Canada
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Darvishi N, Farhadi M, Haghtalab T, Poorolajal J. Correction: Alcohol-Related Risk of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt, and Completed Suicide: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241874. [PMID: 33119688 PMCID: PMC7595431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Eskin M. Suicidal Behavior in the Mediterranean Countries. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2020; 16:93-100. [PMID: 33029186 PMCID: PMC7536731 DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Suicidal behavior is a serious public health problem worldwide and shows large intersocietal variation. This study aimed at comparatively investigating the aspects of suicidal behavior in 22 countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. Methods: The study was conducted with official data retrieved from several sources. The suicidal mortality data were collected from World Health Organization’s data repository. Descriptive statistics, group comparison, correlational and regression statistical analyses were used to summarize the data. Results: The average age standardized suicide rates in the Mediterranean countries are lower than the world average. Except in Morocco, more men kill themselves than women. Suicide rates are lower in Mediterranean Muslim than in Mediterranean Christian countries. Slovenia, France and Croatia have the highest suicide mortality rates. Greatest percentages of suicidal ideation are seen in Croatia, Turkey and Slovenia and the greatest percentages of suicidal attempts are seen in Palestine, Cyprus, Greece and Slovenia. According to the results of the multiple regression analyses, the coefficient of human inequality index was associated with lower both-sex and male suicide rates. Greater percentages of people saying religion is unimportant in daily life in a country were found to be related to higher female suicide rates. Conclusion: The findings from the study have shown that the prevalence of suicidal deaths, thoughts and attempts vary between the Mediterranean countries. Lower suicide rates are observed in the Muslim Mediterranean nations than in the Judeo-Christian ones. However, the rates of suicide mortality in non-Arab Muslim nations being comparable to the rates in non-Muslim countries confirm the concerns over mis/underreporting of suicidal behavior in Arab Muslim countries due to religio-cultural stigma attached to suicide. The average suicidal mortality rates are lower in Mediterranean countries than the world average. Generally, more men than women kill themselves. Results from the multivariate analysis revealed that as the level of human inequality increases the rates for both-sex and male suicidal mortality decreases. Religion seem to be protective against female suicides. The study has also shown that more research is needed about suicidal behavior in the Mediterranean countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Eskin
- Department of Psychology, College of Social Sciences and Humanities, Koç University, Rumelifeneri Yolu, 34450 Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey
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Bolanis D, Orri M, Castellanos-Ryan N, Renaud J, Montreuil T, Boivin M, Vitaro F, Tremblay RE, Turecki G, Côté SM, Séguin JR, Geoffroy MC. Cannabis use, depression and suicidal ideation in adolescence: direction of associations in a population based cohort. J Affect Disord 2020; 274:1076-1083. [PMID: 32663935 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.05.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To clarify the direction of the association between frequency of cannabis use, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation from 15 to 20 years using cross-lagged analyses. METHOD We included 1606 adolescents from the province of Québec followed since 1997 with information on frequency of cannabis use (none/monthly/weekly), depression (defined as being in the top 10% symptoms) and serious suicidal ideation at ages 15, 17 and 20 years. RESULTS The prevalence of weekly cannabis use increased from 7.0% at age 15 years to 15.6% by age 20 years. Adolescents who reported using cannabis weekly at one age were 11 to 15 times more likely to continue using cannabis over time. In longitudinal cross-lagged analyses, weekly cannabis use at age 15 was associated with greater odds (OR=2.19, 95% CI=1.04-4.58) of suicidal ideation two years later. However, other substance use (alcohol, tobacco, other drugs) fully explained this association. Further, depression predicted subsequent weekly cannabis use, even after adjusting for comorbid other substance use (eg, for depression at 15 years predicting cannabis use at 17 years: OR=2.30, 95% CI=1.19-4.43). LIMITATIONS Quantity of cannabis consumed was not measured. CONCLUSION Findings suggest that depressive symptoms in adolescence may represent a risk factor for weekly cannabis consumption, which once initiated is likely to remain chronic. Weekly cannabis use increased risk for suicidal ideation, but not independently from other substance use including alcohol, tobacco and other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despina Bolanis
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Massimiliano Orri
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, INSERM U1219, University of Bordeaux
| | - Natalie Castellanos-Ryan
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Johanne Renaud
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Manulife Centre for Breakthroughs in Teen Depression and Suicide Prevention, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Tina Montreuil
- Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada;; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel Boivin
- School of Psychology, Université Laval, Québec city, Québec, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- School of Psychoeducation, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Gustavo Turecki
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jean R Séguin
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada; CHU Ste-Justine Research Centre, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Claude Geoffroy
- McGill Group for Suicide Studies, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal, Québec, Canada; Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada;.
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Maheri M, Alipour M, Rohban A, Garmaroudi G. The association of resilience with health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescent students. Int J Adolesc Med Health 2019; 34:ijamh-2019-0050. [PMID: 31665118 DOI: 10.1515/ijamh-2019-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Identifying the factors associated with HRQoL in adolescents is a prerequisite of interventions aimed at improving the overall quality of life and health status among them. Studies have identified many factors associated with HRQoL in different populations; however, very little is known about the role of resilience on HRQoL in adolescent students. Subjects This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1500 high school students (750 boys and 750 girls) in Tehran. The subjects were selected through the cluster and multistage sampling methods. Methods The data collection tool included three questionnaires; a demographic information questionnaire, the Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire (KIDSCREEN-27), and the Children and Youth Resilience Measurement (CYRM-28). Data were analyzed with SPSS 23 software. Regression analysis was performed to determine the association of resilience with HRQoL. Results The mean score of overall health-related quality of life and overall resilience were 57.51 ± 15.03 and 98.35 ± 16.48, respectively. Individual sub-scale (β = 0.402, p < 0.001), caregiver sub-scale (β = 0.279, p < 0.001) and context sub-scale (β = 0.122, p < 0.001) of resilience were, respectively, the positive and significant predictors of HRQoL in students. The resilience sub-scales explained 49% of the total variance of HRQoL, and the individual sub-scale was the strongest predictive factor for HRQoL in students. Conclusion It is recommended to incorporate resilience training programs into the regular school education in order to improve the quality of life and health of students in all high schools and educational centers of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Maheri
- Department of Public Health, School of Health, Reproductive Health Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mansoureh Alipour
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Rohban
- Department of Rehabilitation Management, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Garmaroudi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Phone: +982188989128
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Pengpid S, Peltzer K. Early Substance Use Initiation And Psychological Distress Among Adolescents In Five ASEAN Countries: A Cross-Sectional Study. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2019; 12:1003-1008. [PMID: 31749642 PMCID: PMC6818457 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s223624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The study aimed to assess the associations between substance use early initiation (<12 years) (smoking cigarettes, alcohol and drug use) with psychological distress among adolescents in five ASEAN countries. Methods Cross-sectional data were analysed from 33,184 school adolescents, with a median age of 14 years, from Indonesia, Laos, Philippines, Thailand and Timor-Leste that took part in the “Global School-Based Student Health Survey (GSHS)” in 2015. Results The overall prevalence of pre-adolescent (<12 years) cigarette use was 10.6%, 8.1% pre-adolescent current alcohol use, and 4.2% pre-adolescent drug use initiation. In adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis, pre-adolescent initiation of cigarette smoking, pre-adolescent initiation of alcohol use, pre-adolescent initiation of drug use and multi-substance pre-adolescent initiation were highly associated with medium (=1) and high (=2–5) psychological distress (of five psychological distress items: no close friends, loneliness, anxiety, suicidal ideation and suicide attempt). Late initiation of cigarette use and late initiation of drug use were not associated with medium and/or high psychological distress. Conclusion Early prevention programmes should target concurrent early substance use initiation in order to prevent possible subsequent psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supa Pengpid
- ASEAN Institute for Health Development, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Karl Peltzer
- Deputy Vice Chancellor Research and Innovation Office, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
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Chau K, Mayet A, Legleye S, Beck F, Hassler C, Khlat M, Choquet M, Falissard B, Chau N. Association between cumulating substances use and cumulating several school, violence and mental health difficulties in early adolescents. Psychiatry Res 2019; 280:112480. [PMID: 31377662 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.112480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multiple substances (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and other illicit drugs (OID)) have been frequently used in early adolescents maybe due to school, violence and mental-health difficulties. We investigated the associations between substance-use patterns and related difficulties among 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic features, school, violence and mental-health difficulties (school grade repetition, sustained physical/verbal violence, sexual abuse, perpetrated violence, poor social support, depressive symptoms and suicide attempt; cumulated number noted SVMDscore) and the time of their first occurrence during the life course. Data were analyzed using logistic and negative binomial regression models. Alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and OID use affected 35.2, 11.2, 5.6 and 2.8% of the subjects respectively. The risk of using tobacco only, alcohol and tobacco, alcohol plus tobacco and cannabis, or all alcohol, tobacco, cannabis and OID strongly increased with the SVMDscore (socioeconomic features-adjusted odds ratio reaching 85). The risk began in early years in middle schools and then steadily increased, more markedly for elevated SVMDscore. Exposure to several SVMDs may be a transmission vector towards the substance use, starting mostly with alcohol/tobacco, and then shifting to cannabis/OID. These findings help to understand substance-use risk patterns and identify at-risk adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- University of Lorraine, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Medicine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique, 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine, CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Aurélie Mayet
- Centre d'épidémiologie et de santé publique des armées, Marseille, France; UMR 912: INSERM-IRD, Université Aix-Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Legleye
- Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), Paris, France; CESP, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - François Beck
- Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), Paris, France
| | - Christine Hassler
- CESP, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Myriam Khlat
- Institut National d'Etudes Démographiques, 133 Boulevard Davout, 75980, Paris Cedex 20, France
| | - Marie Choquet
- CESP, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Bruno Falissard
- CESP, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- CESP, INSERM U1018, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, UVSQ, Univ. Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
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Picoito J, Santos C, Loureiro I, Aguiar P, Nunes C. Gender-specific substance use patterns and associations with individual, family, peer, and school factors in 15-year-old Portuguese adolescents: a latent class regression analysis. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2019; 13:21. [PMID: 31110558 PMCID: PMC6511212 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-019-0281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a critical period of vulnerability to substance use. Recent research has shown that gender differences in adolescence substance use are complex and in constant flux. The present study aims to investigate gender differences in substance use and initiation patterns in male and female adolescents, and to assess individual, family, peer, and school associated factors of these patterns. METHODS We applied latent class regression analysis to a Portuguese representative population sample of 1551 15-year-old adolescents, drawn from the 2010 'Health Behavior in School-Aged Children' survey, to characterise different profiles of substance use and initiation for boys and girls, and to identify factors associated with latent class membership, stratifying the associations analysis by gender. RESULTS Three common classes were found for both genders, specifically, Non-Users (boys [B] 34.42%, girls [G] 26.79%), Alcohol Experimenters (B 38.79%, G 43.98%) and Alcohol and Tobacco Frequent Users (B 21.31%, G 10.36%), with two additional unique classes: Alcohol Experimenters and Tobacco Users in girls (18.87%), and Early Initiation and Poly-Substance Users in boys (5.48%). Poor school satisfaction, bullying, fighting and higher family affluence scale score formed a common core of associated factors of substance use, although we found gender differences in these associations. In girls, but not in boys, family factors were associated with more problematic substance use. Not living with both parents was associated with girl's Alcohol and Tobacco Frequent Users (gATFU) class (OR 3.78 CI 1.18-12.11) and Alcohol Experimenters and Tobacco Users (AETU) class (OR 3.22 CI 1.4-7.44). Poor communication with mother was also associated with gATFU class membership (OR 3.82 CI 1.26-11.53) and AETU class (OR 3.66 CI 1.99-6.75). Additionally, a higher psychological symptoms score was associated with gATFU class membership (OR 1.16 CI 1.02-1.31). CONCLUSION Although we found common patterns and associated factors between boys and girls, we report two unique patterns of substance use in boys and girls and specific associations between family, school and peers, and individual factors with these patterns. These findings underscore the need for substance use prevention and health promotion programmes that address potential differences in substance use patterns and associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Picoito
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Rua Doutor Afonso Romão, 3000-609 Coimbra, Portugal
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Constança Santos
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pediatrics, Centro Hospitalar Cova da Beira, Quinta do Alvito, 6200-251 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Loureiro
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Aguiar
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Nunes
- Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Avenida Padre Cruz, 1600-560 Lisbon, Portugal
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Karanikola M, Zisimou P, Nystazaki M, Koutrouba A, Severinsson E. Association between illegal use of substances and suicidal behavior in school students: An integrative review of empirical data. JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2019; 32:80-101. [PMID: 30912247 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Investigation of the association between type of suicidal behavior and type and frequency of illegal use of substances (IUS) among school students (aged between 12 and 18 years), with a focus on gender differences. DESIGN AND METHODS A systematic review in PubMed, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Scopus was performed. Identified articles were published between 2007 and 2018. RESULTS Twenty empirical studies confirmed the association between IUS and suicidality, strongly differentiated between males and females, highlighting the importance of gender-specific mediating factors. CONCLUSIONS Mental health nurses need to document gender factors, frequency, and motivation of IUS when screening adolescents experiencing suicidal behavior and IUS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karanikola
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Prodromoula Zisimou
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Maria Nystazaki
- Psychiatric Clinic of Ag. Anargiroi Hospital, Department of Nursing, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anna Koutrouba
- Department of Nursing, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Elisabeth Severinsson
- Centre for Women's, Family and Child Health, Department of Nursing and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Kongsberg, Norway
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Hetzel L, Boivin JM, Patrizio PD, Chau K. Assessment of participation biases for a confidential non-anonymous adolescent study: A based population study. Psychiatry Res 2019; 273:30-36. [PMID: 30639561 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2018.12.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A prospective study often receives a low participation rate that may alter the results quality. This study assessed the participation bias for a confidential non-anonymous adolescent survey among 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France (mean age 13.5 ± 1.3). They completed an anonymous questionnaire gathering demographic/socioeconomic features as well as school, behavior and health-related difficulties, and adolescent's assent to participate with perceived parents' consent (APC) if they were contacted for a confidential non-anonymous survey at home. Such a survey received an APC of 60%. The logistic model including all socioeconomic factors and school, behavior and health-related difficulties showed that the adolescents with APC were less often male (adjusted odds ratio = 0.77, p = 0.014), non-European immigrant (0.48, p = 0.016), living with a single parent (0.72, p = 0.046), in manual-worker families (0.69, p = 0.007), had less often low parents' education (0.70, p = 0.002), body-mass-index measurement refusal (0.60, p = 0.010), no regular physical/sports activity (0.70, p = 0.035), poor social relationships (0.73, p = 0.046) and poor living environment (0.63, p = 0.007). The percentage of subjects with APC steadily decreased with the number of these criteria: from 74% for 0 criterion to 19% for 6-8 criteria. Because of these possible strong participation biases the construction of adolescent cohorts and the results interpretation should be made with prudence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Hetzel
- Département de Médecine Générale, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Marc Boivin
- Département de Médecine Générale, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Paolo Di Patrizio
- Département de Médecine Générale, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, France; INSERM, Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, Université de Lorraine and CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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El Kazdouh H, El-Ammari A, Bouftini S, El Fakir S, El Achhab Y. Adolescents, parents and teachers' perceptions of risk and protective factors of substance use in Moroccan adolescents: a qualitative study. SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT PREVENTION AND POLICY 2018; 13:31. [PMID: 30200998 PMCID: PMC6131737 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-018-0169-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Substance use in adolescents is a global public health concern that continues to draw attention from academics, policy experts, and government officials. In Morocco, few studies have investigated the influencing factors of substance use in adolescents. Here, we aimed to fill this gap and to better understand factors that protect or influence substance use in adolescents. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using focus group discussions. The semi-structured interview guides were based on the socio-ecological model as a theoretical framework to explore perceptions of students, parents, and teachers regarding substance use risks and protective factors in adolescents. Data from each group were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Results From May to July 2016, 17 focus group discussions were conducted at two middle schools in Taza city, Morocco, which included 8 groups of 7 adolescents (28 boys and 28 girls) aged 14 to 16 years, 5 groups of parents (5 females and 21 males), and 4 groups of teachers (13 males and 5 females). Thematic analysis resulted in six common themes that represented the most salient perceived risk and protective factors regarding substance use among adolescents: perceived benefits of substance use, awareness and beliefs, family influence, peer influence, easy accessibility of substances, and social norms. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that multilevel prevention programs in adolescents should address influencing factors from the individual to the societal level, including social norms and the government’s policy toward substance use. Health education programs included as part of the school curriculum can contribute to promoting awareness and reducing risky behaviors of Moroccan adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham El Kazdouh
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.
| | - Abdelghaffar El-Ammari
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Siham Bouftini
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Samira El Fakir
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
| | - Youness El Achhab
- Laboratory of Epidemiology, Clinical Research and Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco.,Regional Centre for Careers Education and Training of Fez-Meknes, Fez, Morocco
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Early-onset tobacco use and suicide-related behavior - A prospective study from adolescence to young adulthood. Addict Behav 2018; 79:32-38. [PMID: 29245024 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Developmental relationships between tobacco use and suicide-related behaviors (SRB) remain unclear. Our objective was to investigate the longitudinal associations of tobacco use in adolescence and SRB in adulthood. METHODS Using a prospective design, we examined whether tobacco use in adolescence is associated with SRB (intentional self-injury, suicide ideation) in young adulthood in a population-based sample of 1330 twins (626 males, 704 females). The baseline and follow-up data were collected by professionally administered semi-structured poly-diagnostic interviews at ages 14 and 22, respectively. RESULTS After adjusting for multiple potential confounders, those who reported early-onset of regular tobacco use had a significantly increased risk for intentional self-injury, such as cutting or burning, at age 22 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.57, 95% CI 1.93-10.8) in comparison to those who had not at all initiated tobacco use. Also, daily cigarette smoking at baseline was associated with future intentional self-injury (AOR 4.45, 95% CI 2.04-9.70). Early-onset tobacco use was associated with suicidal ideation in females (AOR 3.69, 95% CI 1.56-8.72) but not in males. Considering any SRB, baseline daily smokers (AOR 2.13, 95% CI 1.12-4.07) and females with early onset of regular tobacco use (AOR 3.97, 95% CI 1.73-9.13) had an increased likelihood. Within-family analyses among twin pairs discordant for exposure and outcome controlling for familial confounds showed similar, albeit statistically non-significant, associations. CONCLUSION Early-onset tobacco use in adolescence is longitudinally associated with SRB (intentional self-injury and/or suicide ideation) in young adulthood, particularly among females. Further investigation may reveal whether this association has implications for prevention of SRB in adolescence and young adulthood.
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Few LR, Grant JD, Nelson EC, Trull TJ, Grucza RA, Bucholz KK, Verweij KJH, Martin NG, Statham DJ, Madden PAF, Heath AC, Lynskey MT, Agrawal A. Cannabis Involvement and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: A Discordant Twin Approach. J Stud Alcohol Drugs 2017; 77:873-880. [PMID: 27797688 DOI: 10.15288/jsad.2016.77.873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cannabis use, particularly at an early age, has been linked to suicidal thoughts and behavior, but minimal work has examined the association between cannabis use and lifetime nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI). The current study aims to characterize the overlap between lifetime and early cannabis use and NSSI and to examine genetic and environmental mechanisms of this association. METHOD Adult male and female twins from the Australian Twin Registry (N = 9,583) were used to examine the odds of NSSI associated with lifetime cannabis use and early cannabis use (i.e., <17 years of age). These associations were also examined within monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for cannabis use and MZ twins discordant for early cannabis use. Analyses were replicated in an independent sample of female twins (n = 3,787) accounting for the age at onset of cannabis use and NSSI. RESULTS Lifetime cannabis use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.84, 95% CI [2.23, 3.61]) and early cannabis use were associated with increased odds of NSSI (OR = 2.15, 95% CI [1.75, 2.65]), and this association remained when accounting for covariates. The association was only significant, however, in MZ twin pairs discordant for early cannabis use (OR = 3.20, 95% CI [1.17, 8.73]). Replication analyses accounting for the temporal ordering of cannabis use and NSSI yielded similar findings of nominal significance. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that NSSI is associated with cannabis involvement via differing mechanisms. For lifetime cannabis use, the lack of association in discordant pairs suggests the role of shared genes and family environment. However, in addition to such shared familial influences, person-specific and putatively causal factors contribute to the relationship between early cannabis use and NSSI. Therefore, delaying the onset of cannabis use may reduce exposure to influences that exacerbate vulnerabilities to NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren R Few
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Julia D Grant
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Elliot C Nelson
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Timothy J Trull
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Richard A Grucza
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kathleen K Bucholz
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Karin J H Verweij
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Dixie J Statham
- School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pamela A F Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Michael T Lynskey
- Addictions Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Nelson KM, Carey KB, Scott-Sheldon LAJ, Eckert TL, Park A, Vanable PA, Ewart CK, Carey MP. Gender Differences in Relations among Perceived Family Characteristics and Risky Health Behaviors in Urban Adolescents. Ann Behav Med 2017; 51:416-422. [PMID: 27995548 PMCID: PMC5441949 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9865-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research regarding the role of gender in relations between family characteristics and health risk behaviors has been limited. PURPOSE This study aims to investigate gender differences in associations between family processes and risk-taking in adolescents. METHODS Adolescents (N = 249; mean age = 14.5 years) starting their first year at an urban high school in the northeastern USA completed self-report measures that assessed family characteristics (i.e., parental monitoring, family social support, family conflict) and health behaviors (i.e., tobacco use, alcohol use, marijuana use, sex initiation) as part of a prospective, community-based study. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to investigate gender differences in associations between the family characteristics and health behaviors. RESULTS Among males, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of using tobacco and having ever engaged in sex. Among females, higher levels of perceived parental monitoring were associated with lower odds of marijuana use, alcohol use, and having ever engaged in sex. However, in contrast to males, among females (a) higher levels of perceived family social support were associated with lower odds of alcohol use and having ever engaged in sex and (b) higher levels of perceived family conflict were associated with higher odds of marijuana use and having ever engaged in sex. CONCLUSION Family processes were more strongly related to health behaviors among adolescent females than adolescent males. Interventions that increase parental monitoring and family social support as well as decrease family conflict may help to protect against adolescent risk taking, especially for females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M Nelson
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Coro West, Suite 309 164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI, 02906, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
| | - Kate B Carey
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lori A J Scott-Sheldon
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Coro West, Suite 309 164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tanya L Eckert
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Aesoon Park
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Peter A Vanable
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Craig K Ewart
- Department of Psychology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Michael P Carey
- Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine, The Miriam Hospital, Coro West, Suite 309 164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI, 02906, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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Kingston S, Rose M, Cohen-Serrins J, Knight E. A Qualitative Study of the Context of Child and Adolescent Substance Use Initiation and Patterns of Use in the First Year for Early and Later Initiators. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0170794. [PMID: 28122018 PMCID: PMC5266230 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals who initiate substance use before high school are at higher risk of negative outcomes. Eighty-six young adults between the ages of 18 and 28 participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews focused on the circumstances surrounding participants’ first use of substances and their pattern of use in the year following initiation in order to investigate similarities and differences between early versus later initiators. Initiation and use among early initiators were more likely to be encouraged by poor parental monitoring or active facilitation of use by parents. Early initiators were more likely to report risky patterns of use such as daily use and using alone. The data suggest that interventions targeting this population should focus on improving parental monitoring and decreasing positive parental attitudes toward adolescent substance use and efforts to increase identification and intervention by middle school staff to reach youth from high-risk families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Kingston
- Psychology Department, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Maya Rose
- Psychology Department, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Julian Cohen-Serrins
- Psychology Department, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Emily Knight
- Psychology Department, Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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Chau K, Kabuth B, Chau N. Association between Suicide Ideation and Attempts and Being an Immigrant among Adolescents, and the Role of Socioeconomic Factors and School, Behavior, and Health-Related Difficulties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 13:ijerph13111070. [PMID: 27809296 PMCID: PMC5129280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13111070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The risk of suicide behaviors in immigrant adolescents varies across countries and remains partly understood. We conducted a study in France to examine immigrant adolescents' likelihood of experiencing suicide ideation in the last 12 months (SI) and lifetime suicide attempts (SA) compared with their native counterparts, and the contribution of socioeconomic factors and school, behavior, and health-related difficulties. Questionnaires were completed by 1559 middle-school adolescents from north-eastern France including various risk factors, SI, SA, and their first occurrence over adolescent's life course (except SI). Data were analyzed using logistic regression models for SI and Cox regression models for SA (retaining only school, behavior, and health-related difficulties that started before SA). Immigrant adolescents had a two-time higher risk of SI and SA than their native counterparts. Using nested models, the excess SI risk was highly explained by socioeconomic factors (27%) and additional school, behavior, and health-related difficulties (24%) but remained significant. The excess SA risk was more highly explained by these issues (40% and 85%, respectively) and became non-significant. These findings demonstrate the risk patterns of SI and SA and the prominent confounding roles of socioeconomic factors and school, behavior, and health-related difficulties. They may be provided to policy makers, schools, carers, and various organizations interested in immigrant, adolescent, and suicide-behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, 9 Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, CS50184, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54505, France.
- INSERM Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique 1433, UMR 1116, CHU de Nancy, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54511, France.
| | - Bernard Kabuth
- Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy F-54500, France.
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1178, Paris F-75014, France.
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR-S1178, Paris F-75014, France.
- Univ Paris Descartes, UMR-S1178, Paris F-75014, France.
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Chau K, Kabuth B, Causin-Brice O, Delacour Y, Richoux-Picard C, Verdin M, Armand I, Chau N. Associations between school difficulties and health-related problems and risky behaviours in early adolescence: A cross-sectional study in middle-school adolescents in France. Psychiatry Res 2016; 244:1-9. [PMID: 27455144 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Health-related problems and risky behaviours (substance use) are frequent in adolescents, may alter their physical and mental capabilities, and may thus generate school absenteeism, low academic performance, and school dropout ideation. This study assessed their associations and the contribution of socioeconomic factors among 1559 middle-school adolescents (mean age 13.5+1.3) from north-eastern France. They completed a questionnaire including socioeconomic characteristics, health-related problems (poor physical health, psychological health, social relationships, and living environment) assessed with the World Health Organization's quality of life measure (score<25th percentile), risky behaviours, school absences during the present school year, last-trimester academic performance, and school dropout ideation. Data were analysed using logistic regression models. School absenteeism was frequent (12.6% of subjects for 8-14 days, and 6.0% for ≥15 days); 8.2% of subjects had low academic performance (average school-mark <10/20) and 3.9% school dropout ideation. All school difficulties were strongly associated with all health-related problems (gender-age-school-level-adjusted odds ratios gasOR between 1.5 and 4.2), and with risky behaviours (gasOR between 1.4 and 14). Socioeconomic factors differently contributed to these associations (contribution reaching 77%). Policy makers, schools, physicians and parents should be more aware of the problems and help adolescents to reduce health-related problems and risky behaviours and to increase resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Université de Lorraine, Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de médecine, Service de Pédo-psychiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Bernard Kabuth
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de médecine, Service de Pédo-psychiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Odile Causin-Brice
- Inspection Académique, Centres médicaux, Académie Nancy-Metz, Nancy, France
| | - Yves Delacour
- Collège-Lycée la Malgrange, Jarville-la-Malgrange, France
| | | | - Monique Verdin
- Collège Montaigu, Académie Nancy-Metz, Heillecourt, France
| | - Isabelle Armand
- Inspection Académique, Service de Promotion de la Santé en Faveur des Elèves, Académie Nancy-Metz, Nancy, France
| | - Nearkasen Chau
- INSERM, U1178, University Paris-Sud, University Paris Descartes, Paris F-75014, France
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Effort-reward Imbalance at Work, Parental Support, and Suicidal Ideation in Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study from Chinese Dual-earner Families. Saf Health Work 2016; 8:77-83. [PMID: 28344844 PMCID: PMC5355538 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In contemporary China, most parents are dual-earner couples and there is only one child in the family. We aimed to examine the associations of parents' work stress with suicidal ideation among the corresponding adolescent. We further hypothesized that low parental support experienced by adolescents may mediate the associations. METHODS Cross-sectional data from school students and their working parents were used, with 907 families from Kunming City, China. Stress at work was measured by the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire. Perceived parental support was assessed by an item on parental empathy and their willingness to communicate with the adolescent. Suicidal ideation was considered positive if students reported thoughts about suicide every month or more frequently during the previous 6 months. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations. RESULTS We observed that parents' work stress was positively associated with low parental support, which was in turn associated with adolescent suicidal ideation. The odds ratio for parents' work stress and adolescent suicidal ideation was 2.91 (95% confidence interval: 1.53-5.53), and this association was markedly attenuated to 2.24 (95% confidence interval: 1.15-4.36) after additional adjustment for parental support. Notably, mothers' work stress levels exerted stronger effects on children's suicidal ideation than those of fathers. CONCLUSION Parents' work stress (particularly mother's work stress) was strongly associated with adolescent's suicidal ideation, and the association was partially mediated by low parental support. These results need to be replicated and extended in prospective investigations within and beyond China, in order to explore potential causal pathways as a basis of preventive action.
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Chau K, Vauthier JC, Kabuth B. Variations in perceived primary healthcare access across family structures and their predictors in adolescents. Aust J Prim Health 2016; 23:132-139. [PMID: 27531636 DOI: 10.1071/py15159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Families have greatly changed over time and little is known about primary care access barriers for adolescents associated with family type. We assessed family disparities in lack of listening and treatment explanations (LLTE) by general practitioners (GP), lack of treatment adherence (LTA) and GP change and the confounding roles of socioeconomic factors, school, behaviour and health difficulties among 1559 middle-school-aged (9.9-18.8 years old) adolescents who completed a questionnaire on sex, age, socioeconomic characteristics (family structure, nationality, parents' occupation, education and income), school performance, substance use, physical health, psychological health, social relationships, living environment, LLTE by GPs, LTA and GP change. Data were analysed using logistic regression models. LLTE, LTA and GP change affected 22.3, 38.0 and 7.3% of subjects respectively. Compared with the adolescents living in intact families, and controlling for sex and age, those with separated or divorced parents or reconstructed families and those with single parents respectively had 1.58- and 1.96-times higher LLTE risk and 1.48- and 1.72-times higher LTA risk. Adolescents with separated or divorced parents or reconstructed families had 1.92-times higher GP-change risk. Socioeconomic factors explained 16-36% of LLTE or LTA risks, but not GP-change risk. Further considering school, behaviour and health difficulties explained 55-87% of LLTE or LTA risks and 27% of GP-change risk. In conclusion, changes in family situations may have produced more non-intact families and adolescents with greater socioeconomic, school, behaviour and health difficulties. These factors are strong barriers to primary care access and may warrant prevention targets for adolescents, their parents, schools and GP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kénora Chau
- Département de Médecine Générale, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Lorraine, 9 avenue de la Forêt de Haye, CS50184, F-54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Bernard Kabuth
- Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine, Service de Pédopsychiatrie, Hôpital d'Enfants de Nancy-Brabois, rue du Morvan, F-54511 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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Tan L, Xia T, Reece C. Social and individual risk factors for suicide ideation among Chinese children and adolescents: A multilevel analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 53:117-125. [PMID: 27090061 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence and predictors of suicide ideation among primary, middle and high school students. We used multilevel modelling to investigate suicide ideation among 12,733 Chinese children and adolescents aged 9-18 years from wide range of areas across China. Approximately, 32.09% of children and adolescents reported suicide ideation, with females were more likely to report suicide ideation than males (38.09% vs. 29.95%). Our results showed that the risk factors in primary school students were different from middle and high school student groups, whereas significant risk factors for middle and high school students were similar. The city's standard of living as indicated by the Engel coefficient and the city's divorce rate were positively associated with the prevalence of suicide ideation; in contrast, the school's pupil-to-teacher ratio was negatively correlated with elevated suicide ideation. Significant risk factors for suicide ideation included study anxiety, self-accusation tendency, impulsive tendency, terror tendency and physical symptoms. These results have important implications for the prevention of suicide, suggesting that both contextual (city-level) and compositional (individual-level) factors could be important targets for prevention and intervention for children and adolescents at risk of suicide ideation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Tan
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tiansheng Xia
- Center for Studies of Psychological Application & School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christy Reece
- School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,Research and Evaluation Unit, Women's and Children's Health Network, Adelaide, Australia
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