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Yu W, Zhao Y, Ilyas I, Wang L, Little PJ, Xu S. The natural polyphenol fisetin in atherosclerosis prevention: a mechanistic review. J Pharm Pharmacol 2024:rgae053. [PMID: 38733634 DOI: 10.1093/jpp/rgae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The incidence and mortality rate of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is increasing yearly worldwide. Recently, a growing body of evidence has unveiled the anti-atherosclerotic properties of fisetin, a natural polyphenol compound. In this article, we reviewed the pharmacologic actions of fisetin on experimental atherosclerosis and its protective effects on disease-relevant cell types such as endothelial cells, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, and platelets. Based on its profound cardiovascular actions, fisetin holds potential for clinical translation and could be developed as a potential therapeutic option for atherosclerosis and its related complications. Large-scale randomized clinical trials are warranted to ascertain the safety and efficacy of fisetin in patients with or high risk for ASCVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, China
- Anhui Renovo Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, China
- Anhui Guozheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hefei, Anhui, 230041, China
| | - Yaping Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Iqra Ilyas
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Peter J Little
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangzhou Xinhua University, No. 721, Guangshan Road 1, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510520, China
| | - Suowen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, China
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Zhang X, Zhao Q, Wang T, Long Q, Sun Y, Jiao L, Gullerova M. DNA damage response, a double-edged sword for vascular aging. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102137. [PMID: 38007046 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Vascular aging is a major risk factor for age-related cardiovascular diseases, which have high rates of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by changes in the blood vessels, such as macroscopically increased vascular diameter and intima-medial thickness, chronic inflammation, vascular calcification, arterial stiffening, and atherosclerosis. DNA damage and the subsequent various DNA damage response (DDR) pathways are important causative factors of vascular aging. Deficient DDR, which may result in the accumulation of unrepaired damaged DNA or mutations, can lead to vascular aging. On the other hand, over-activation of some DDR proteins, such as poly (ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), also can enhance the process of vascular aging, suggesting that DDR can have both positive and negative effects on vascular aging. Despite the evidence reviewed in this paper, the role of DDR in vascular aging and potential therapeutic targets remain poorly understood and require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom; Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- M.D. Program, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China
| | - Qilin Long
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom
| | - Yixin Sun
- First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China; China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing 100053, China; Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Monika Gullerova
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RE, United Kingdom.
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3
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Vecoli C, Basta G, Borghini A, Gaggini M, Del Turco S, Mercuri A, Gastaldelli A, Andreassi MG. Advanced glycation end products, leukocyte telomere length, and mitochondrial DNA copy number in patients with coronary artery disease and alterations of glucose homeostasis: From the GENOCOR study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:1236-1244. [PMID: 35260310 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Alterations of glucose homeostasis can increase advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that exacerbate vascular inflammatory disease and may increase vascular senescence and aging. This study examined the relationships between carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) and soluble receptor for AGEs (sRAGE) with leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), as cell aging biomarkers, in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 459 patients with CAD further categorized as having normal glucose homeostasis (NG, n = 253), pre-diabetes (preT2D, n = 85), or diabetes (T2D, n = 121). All patients were followed up for the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Plasma concentrations of sRAGE and CML were measured by ELISA. mtDNAcn and LTL were measured by qRT-PCR. CML levels were significantly higher in patients with preT2D (p < 0.007) or T2D (p < 0.003) compared with those with NG. mtDNAcn resulted lower in T2D vs preT2D (p = 0.04). At multivariate Cox proportional hazard analysis, short LTL (HR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.11-10.1; p = 0.04) and high levels of sRAGE (HR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.01-5.14; p = 0.04) were associated with an increased risk for MACEs in patients with preT2D and T2D, respectively. T2D patients with both short LTL and high sRAGE levels had the highest risk of MACEs (HR: 3.11; 95% CI: 1.11-9.92; p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS High levels of sRAGE and short LTL were associated with an increased risk of MACEs, especially in patients with diabetes, supporting the usefulness of both biomarkers of glycemic impairment and aging in predicting cardiovascular outcomes in patients with CAD.
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Guzonjić A, Sopić M, Ostanek B, Kotur-Stevuljević J. Telomere length as a biomarker of aging and diseases. ARHIV ZA FARMACIJU 2022. [DOI: 10.5937/arhfarm72-36376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
As research related to healthspan and lifespan has become a hot topic, the necessity for a reliable and practical biomarker of aging (BoA), which can provide information about mortality and morbidity risk, along with remaining life expectancy, has increased. The chromosome terminus non-coding protective structure that prevents genomic instability is called a telomere. The continual shortening of telomeres, which affects their structure as well as function, is a hallmark of agedness. The aforementioned process is a potential cause of age-related diseases (ARDs), leading to a bad prognosis and a low survival rate, which compromise health and longevity. Hence, studies scrutinizing the BoAs often include telomere length (TL) as a prospective candidate. The results of these studies suggest that TL measurement can only provide an approximate appraisal of the aging rate, and its implementation into clinical practice and routine use as a BoA has many limitations and challenges. Nevertheless, measuring TL while determining other biomarkers can be used to assess biological age. This review focuses on the importance of telomeres in health, senescence, and diseases, as well as on summarizing the results and conclusions of previous studies evaluating TL as a potential BoA.
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Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Fetoplacental vasculature as a model to study human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101054. [PMID: 34839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive window of development, pregnancy. Pregnancy exposome can affect the overall health of the pregnancy by dramatic changes in vascular physiology and endocrine activity, increasing maternal susceptibility. Moreover, fetoplacental vascular function is generally altered, increasing the risk of developing pregnancy complications (including cardiovascular diseases, CVD) and predisposing the foetus to adverse health risks later in life. Thus, our review summarizes the existing literature on exposures to EDCs during pregnancy and adverse maternal health outcomes, focusing on the human placenta, vein, and umbilical artery associated with pregnancy complications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of fetoplacental vasculature as a model for the study of human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Therefore, we emphasize that the placenta, together with the umbilical arteries and veins, allows a better characterization of the pregnant woman's exposome. Consequently, it contributes to the protection of the mother and foetus against CV disorders in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Sokkar HH, Abo Dena AS, Mahana NA, Badr A. Artichoke extracts in cancer therapy: do the extraction conditions affect the anticancer activity? FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00088-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Artichoke is an edible plant that is grown in the Mediterranean region and is known for its antimicrobial, antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant and anticancer activities. Different artichoke extraction methods can impressively affect the nature as well as the yield of the extracted components.
Main body
The different methods of artichoke extraction and the influence of the extraction conditions on the extraction efficiency are summarized herein. In addition, cancer causalities and hallmarks together with the molecular mechanisms of artichoke active molecules in cancer treatment are also discussed. Moreover, a short background is given on the common types of cancer that can be treated with artichoke extracts as well as their pathogenesis. A brief discussion of the previous works devoted to the application of artichoke extracts in the treatment of these cancers is also given.
Conclusion
This review article covers the extraction methods, composition, utilization and applications of artichoke extracts in the treatment of different cancers.
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Andreassi MG, Borghini A, Vecoli C. Micronucleus assay for predicting coronary artery disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 787:108348. [PMID: 34083055 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Coronary angiography allows an accurate assessment of the extent and severity of atherosclerotic coronary narrowing, but it provides little characterization of early detection of potentially asymptomatic vulnerable plaque. The identification of the coronary "vulnerable patient" or high-risk plaques remains a major challenge in the treatment of CAD. Recently, growing evidence shows that DNA damage plays a role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic plaque. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay is one of the most frequently used and validated method for assessing chromosomal damage and genetic instability. Accordingly, the purpose of this systematic review was to retrieve and discuss existing literature on the studies assessing the association between MN and angiographically-proven CAD. A total of 8 studies published between 2001 and 2017 were included in the meta-analysis. Despite a large heterogeneity between studies (I2= 99.7 %, p < 0.0001), an overall increase of MN frequencies was found in patients with CAD compared with control group (meta-MR = 1.96; 95 % CI, 1.5-3.2, p = 0.009). A subgroup analysis showed an increase in the frequency of MN formation for both two- vessel (MR = 2.13, 95 % CI: 0.9-6.9, p = 0.08) and three-vessel disease (MR = 2.89, 95 % CI: 1.84-4.55, P = 0.06). Overall, the results of this meta-analysis provide evidence of an association between CBMN and presence, extent and severity of angiographically-assessed CAD. However, the small number of papers analyzed requires further large and more rigorously designed studies, carefully considering a series of clinical confounding factors, such as the quality of the metabolic control, the influence of drugs and radiation imaging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Borghini
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Vecoli
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
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8
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Vecoli C, Borghini A, Andreassi MG. The molecular biomarkers of vascular aging and atherosclerosis: telomere length and mitochondrial DNA 4977 common deletion. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 784:108309. [PMID: 32430098 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Age is the dominant risk factor for the most prevalent atherosclerotic vascular diseases, including coronary artery disease, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease and stroke. In human, telomere erosion and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage play a central role in the mechanisms leading to cellular aging decline. This review summarizes the most relevant findings on the role of telomere shortening and the common mtDNA4977 deletion in the progression and evolution of atherosclerosis by combining insight from experimental models and human clinical studies. The current evidence shows a link between telomere erosion and compromised mitochondrial function and provides a new perspective regarding their potential role as clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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9
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Jia Q, Cao H, Shen D, Yan L, Chen C, Xing S. Fisetin, via CKIP-1/REGγ, limits oxidized LDL-induced lipid accumulation and senescence in RAW264.7 macrophage-derived foam cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172748. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Shah N, Meira LB, Elliott RM, Hoole SP, West NE, Brown AJ, Bennett MR, Garcia-Garcia HM, Kuku KO, Dan K, Kolm P, Mariathas M, Curzen N, Mahmoudi M. DNA Damage and Repair in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Correlation With Plaque Morphology Using Optical Coherence Tomography (DECODE Study). CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2019; 20:812-818. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2019.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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11
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Witberg G, Lev E, Ber Y, Tabachnik T, Sela S, Belo I, Leshem-Lev D, Margel D. Vascular endothelium function among male carriers of BRCA 1&2 germline mutation. Oncotarget 2019; 10:5041-5051. [PMID: 31489114 PMCID: PMC6707947 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer susceptibility genes 1&2 (BRCA1&2) mutations hinder DNA-repair. Germline mutations in these genes are known to cause cancer; however, they may have other consequences. In this study we evaluated for the first time, the effect of the BRCA mutations on the vascular endothelium of young healthy males. Results: The study included 82 participants (53 BRCA mutation positive-carriers and 29 negative-carriers). Subjects mean age was 40. There were no significant differences in the baseline characteristics of the two groups. BRCA-carriers had significantly higher levels of EPCs (fraction of CD34+/VEGF or CD133+/VEGF positive-cells) compared to non-carriers of the mutation (median 6.78[1.96,14.48]% vs. 1.46[0.65,6.18]%, p < 0.001, and median 7.17[1.70,16.69]% vs. 1.54[0.85,5.10]%, p < 0.001, respectively). This difference remained consistent after multivariate adjustment. We did not identify differences in endothelial function, endothelial damage markers and EPCs activity between the two groups. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study to test the association between BRCA status and possible endothelial alterations. The Study population included males, 18-50 years, with no cardiovascular morbidity, who were referred for BRCA screening. We tested the endothelial system by: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) production, endothelial function (EndoPAT2000), endothelial damage and related hormonal levels. We stratified the cohort by germline BRCA status and compared measurements between BRCA mutation positive- and negative-carriers. Conclusions: Male BRCA1&2 mutation positive-carriers had increased level of EPCs which may reflect a subclinical accumulative endothelial damage. These novel findings suggest that the effect of mutations in BRCA is not limited to increased cancer risk, but may affect the cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Witberg
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eli Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,Department of Cardiology, Assuta Ashdod University Hospital, Ashdod, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Ben Gurion University, Be'er Sheva, Israel
| | - Yaara Ber
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Tzlil Tabachnik
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Sivan Sela
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Ira Belo
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
| | - Dorit Leshem-Lev
- Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel.,The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - David Margel
- The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Li Y, Xie L, Huang T, Zhang Y, Zhou J, Qi B, Wang X, Chen Z, Li P. Aging Neurovascular Unit and Potential Role of DNA Damage and Repair in Combating Vascular and Neurodegenerative Disorders. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:778. [PMID: 31440124 PMCID: PMC6694749 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Progressive neurological deterioration poses enormous burden on the aging population with ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative disease patients, such as Alzheimers’ disease and Parkinson’s disease. The past two decades have witnessed remarkable advances in the research of neurovascular unit dysfunction, which is emerging as an important pathological feature that underlies these neurological disorders. Dysfunction of the unit allows penetration of blood-derived toxic proteins or leukocytes into the brain and contributes to white matter injury, disturbed neurovascular coupling and neuroinflammation, which all eventually lead to cognitive dysfunction. Recent evidences suggest that aging-related oxidative stress, accumulated DNA damage and impaired DNA repair capacities compromises the genome integrity not only in neurons, but also in other cell types of the neurovascular unit, such as endothelial cells, astrocytes and pericytes. Combating DNA damage or enhancing DNA repair capacities in the neurovascular unit represents a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular and neurodegenerative disorders. In this review, we focus on aging related mechanisms that underlie DNA damage and repair in the neurovascular unit and introduce several novel strategies that target the genome integrity in the neurovascular unit to combat the vascular and neurodegenerative disorders in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Xie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueman Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bo Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengai Chen
- Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peiying Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Ma S, Fan L, Cao F. Combating cellular senescence by sirtuins: Implications for atherosclerosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1865:1822-1830. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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14
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Banszerus VL, Vetter VM, Salewsky B, König M, Demuth I. Exploring the Relationship of Relative Telomere Length and the Epigenetic Clock in the LipidCardio Cohort. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E3032. [PMID: 31234328 PMCID: PMC6628615 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20123032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere length has been accepted widely as a biomarker of aging. Recently, a novel candidate biomarker has been suggested to predict an individual's chronological age with high accuracy: The epigenetic clock is based on the weighted DNA methylation (DNAm) fraction of a number of cytosine-phosphate-guanine sites (CpGs) selected by penalized regression analysis. Here, an established methylation-sensitive single nucleotide primer extension method was adapted, to estimate the epigenetic age of the 1005 participants of the LipidCardio Study, a patient cohort characterised by high prevalence of cardiovascular disease, based on a seven CpGs epigenetic clock. Furthermore, we measured relative leukocyte telomere length (rLTL) to assess the relationship between the established and the promising new measure of biological age. Both rLTL (0.79 ± 0.14) and DNAm age (69.67 ± 7.27 years) were available for 773 subjects (31.6% female; mean chronological age= 69.68 ± 11.01 years; mean DNAm age acceleration = -0.01 ± 7.83 years). While we detected a significant correlation between chronological age and DNAm age (n = 779, R = 0.69), we found neither evidence of an association between rLTL and the DNAm age (β = 3.00, p = 0.18) nor rLTL and the DNAm age acceleration (β = 2.76, p = 0.22) in the studied cohort, suggesting that DNAm age and rLTL measure different aspects of biological age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena L Banszerus
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Valentin M Vetter
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Bastian Salewsky
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Maximilian König
- Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Nephrologie und Intensivmedizin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ilja Demuth
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health, Lipid Clinic at the Interdisciplinary Metabolism Center, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Medicine (BCRT), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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15
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DFT modeling of the prevention of Fe(II)-mediated redox damage by imidazole-based thiones and selones. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 193:9-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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16
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The Impact of Uremic Toxins on Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Function. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10060218. [PMID: 29844272 PMCID: PMC6024314 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10060218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with profound vascular remodeling, which accelerates the progression of cardiovascular disease. This remodeling is characterized by intimal hyperplasia, accelerated atherosclerosis, excessive vascular calcification, and vascular stiffness. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) dysfunction has a key role in the remodeling process. Under uremic conditions, VSMCs can switch from a contractile phenotype to a synthetic phenotype, and undergo abnormal proliferation, migration, senescence, apoptosis, and calcification. A growing body of data from experiments in vitro and animal models suggests that uremic toxins (such as inorganic phosphate, indoxyl sulfate and advanced-glycation end products) may directly impact the VSMCs’ physiological functions. Chronic, low-grade inflammation and oxidative stress—hallmarks of CKD—are also strong inducers of VSMC dysfunction. Here, we review current knowledge about the impact of uremic toxins on VSMC function in CKD, and the consequences for pathological vascular remodeling.
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Zaki M, Basha W, El-Bassyouni HT, El-Toukhy S, Hussein T. Evaluation of DNA damage profile in obese women and its association to risk of metabolic syndrome, polycystic ovary syndrome and recurrent preeclampsia. Genes Dis 2018; 5:367-373. [PMID: 30591939 PMCID: PMC6303482 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. Obesity and MS are always accompanied by elevated oxidative stress which might affect cellular bio-molecules such as DNA. The aim of the present study is to investigate DNA damage profile in obese premenopausal women and its relation to the risk of MS, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and history of recurrent pre-eclampsia. The study included 90 obese women included cases with MS (n = 30), PCOS (n = 30) and previous history of recurrent preeclampsia (n = 30) and, age-matched healthy non-obese control women (n = 50). The assessment of leukocyte DNA damage was done by comet assay for all cases and controls. Anthropometry and biochemical parameters have been measured. Results showed that mean percent of DNA damage was significantly higher in MS, PCOS as well as in women with the recurrent preeclampsia as compared to healthy controls. The high level of mean DNA damage frequency in obese women was significantly associated with the increased number of metabolic syndrome components. Cases with 2, 3 and 3-5 components showed significantly higher levels of DNA damage than controls. Moreover, cases with 3-5 MS components showed significant higher DNA compared to those with the two components. Regarding PCOS, significant positive association between the mean frequency of DNA damage and waist circumference was observed. The study suggests that metabolic abnormalities, PCOS and recurrent pre-eclampsia might be contributed in development of DNA damage in obese women. DNA damage can serve as an early marker for obesity complications in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moushira Zaki
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa Basha
- Biological Anthropology Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Safinaz El-Toukhy
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer Hussein
- Reproductive Health Research Department, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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Li J, Feng C, Li L, Yang S, Chen Y, Hui R, Zhang M, Zhang W. The association of telomere attrition with first-onset stroke in Southern Chinese: a case-control study and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2290. [PMID: 29396405 PMCID: PMC5797248 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20434-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between telomere length and stroke was inconsistent mostly due to different pathogenesis of subtypes, environment and genetics. We aimed to assess whether leukocyte telomere contributes to stroke in Southern Chinese by investigating a case-control study comprising 543 cases (224 atherothrombotic stroke, 94 hemorrhagic stroke and 225 lacunar infraction) and 616 controls and replicated the investigation in an independent study comprising 773 cases and 875 controls with the same diagnostic criteria. Telomere was inversely correlated with increasing age in controls (correlation coefficient γ = −0.28, P < 0.001) and in cases with atherothrombotic stroke (γ = −0.17, P = 0.012). Individuals within the lowest tertile of telomere showed a higher risk for atherothrombotic stroke [odds ratio 2.33, 95% confidence (CI) 1.42–3.83; P = 0.003], whereas had a lower presence of lacunar infarction (OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.30–0.81; P = 0.007). Similar results were obtained in the second replication study. A further meta-analysis showed a 12% increased pooled risk of ischemic stroke (95% CI 1.04–1.18) in relation to shorter telomere, but this association was stronger in the retrospective studies and in Asians when stratified by study design and ethnicity. Our data provided the first evidence that in Southern Chinese stroke population, leukocyte telomere is independently associated with atherothrombotic stroke and lacunar infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Huainan, Huainan, 232007, Anhui province, China
| | - Congrui Feng
- Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Center for Brain Disorders Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Shujun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Huainan, Huainan, 232007, Anhui province, China.
| | - Weili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beilishi Road 167, Xicheng District, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Ding X, He Y, Hao Q, Chen S, Yang M, Leng SX, Yue J, Dong B. The association of single nucleotide polymorphism rs189037C>T in ATM gene with coronary artery disease in Chinese Han populations: A case control study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e9747. [PMID: 29369221 PMCID: PMC5794405 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000009747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulated evidence has indicated that ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) is closely related to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. So we aimed to examine potential association between a gene variant [single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), i.e., rs189037C>T] in the promoter of ATM gene and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Chinese Han populations.In this hospital-based case-control study, a total of 1308 participants were divided into CAD group (652 patients) and control group (656 subjects) after performing coronary angiography. The SNP rs189037 was genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.The distribution of rs189037 genotypes and alleles showed a significant difference between CAD and control subjects (genotypes: P = .032; alleles: P = .028). The percentage of the TT genotype is much higher in control group than that in CAD group (22.0% vs 16.3%, P = .009). After adjustment of the major confounding factors, such difference remained significant (OR = 0.62, 95% CI = 0.43-0.89, P = .010). After analyzing data from different groups divided by genders and smoking status respectively, we found that the protective effect of TT genotype on CAD was significant in males (P = .007) and smokers (P = .031). The difference remained statistically significant after multivariate adjustment (adjusted in males: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.38-0.93, P = .022; adjusted in smokers: OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.27-0.81, P = .006).Our study suggests that ATM rs189037 polymorphism is associated with CAD in Chinese Han populations. The TT genotype of rs189037 seems to be associated with a lower risk of CAD and a protective genetic marker of CAD, especially in males and smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ding
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
- National Clinical Research Center of Geriatrics
| | - Yong He
- Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Qiukui Hao
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | | | - Ming Yang
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | - Sean X. Leng
- Division of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jirong Yue
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
| | - Birong Dong
- The Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sichuan for Elderly Care and Health, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
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Ma WQ, Han XQ, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhu Y, Liu NF. Associations between XRCC1 Gene Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166961. [PMID: 27870881 PMCID: PMC5117741 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations that influence DNA repair efficiency may contribute to coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility. Previous studies have investigated whether there was evidence of an association between polymorphisms at the X-ray repair cross complementing 1 (XRCC1) gene and susceptibility to CAD, but findings have been inconclusive. We identified eligible studies through a comprehensive literature search to determine whether an association exists between XRCC1 gene polymorphisms and CAD susceptibility. Findings were assessed using the odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI), which were calculated using a fixed- or random-effects model, based on the heterogeneity of the studies. Ten eligible studies were finally included in this meta-analysis. Our pooled analysis found that XRCC1 polymorphisms were significantly associated with CAD susceptibility under recessive (Arg194Trp: OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.13–1.93; Arg399Gln: OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.12–1.89), homozygous (Arg194Trp: OR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.03–1.81; Arg399Gln: OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.19–2.05), and allele (Arg399Gln: OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.06–1.32) genetic models. Following subgroup analysis by ethnicity, in Asian populations, we found evidence of associations between the XRCC1 Arg194Trp polymorphism and CAD under recessive and homozygous genetic models, and between the XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism and CAD under recessive, homozygous, and allele genetic models. Subgroup analysis stratified by control source revealed associations between the Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln polymorphisms and susceptibility to CAD under recessive and homozygous modes of inheritance, respectively. In addition, subgroup analysis stratified by sample size found that findings of the Arg194Trp polymorphism in large sample sizes were comparable to those found using pooled eligible studies. Based on our meta-analysis, we concluded that the XRCC1 gene polymorphisms, Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln, are associated with CAD susceptibility, specifically in Asian populations. However, additional, comprehensive and well-designed studies are warranted to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Qiong Han
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
| | - Nai-Feng Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, 87 Dingjiaqiao, Nanjing, 210009, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Jing J, Su L, Zeng Y, Tang X, Wei J, Wang L, Zhou L. Variants in 9p21 Predicts Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in a Chinese Han Population. Ann Hum Genet 2016; 80:274-81. [PMID: 27461153 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies identified the common genetic variants in 9p21 were associated with the coronary artery disease (CAD). However, whether this locus could predict the severity of CAD in Chinese Han population is unclear. 499 CAD patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) have been enrolled for this study. The single-nucleotide polymorphisms rs2383207 and rs2383206 in 9p21 were genotyped in 499 CAG cases and 1519 controls in Chinese Han population. The gene dosage of 9p21 was stratified by the degree of vascular lesions and tested for association with the severity of CAD. Rs2383207 and rs2383206 demonstrated significant associations with 2-vessel and 3-vessel disease (P = 2.0×10(-3) and 1.9×10(-4) , respectively). GG genotypes of rs2383206 occurred higher proportion of left main trunk (LM) disease (P = 6.0×10(-3) ). GG genotypes of rs2383207 occurred higher proportion of left anterior descending artery disease (LAD) and right CAD (RCA) (P = 2.7×10(-6) and 1.6×10(-4) , respectively). The risk allele G of rs2383207 was associated with severity of CAD estimated by the Gensini score (P = 3.6×10(-5) ). Rs2383207 may strongly influence the development of CAD in Chinese Han population. The gene dosage in 9p21 could predict the severity of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Jing
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, the Chongqing Cardiac Arrhythmias Service Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Su
- Department of Cardiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, the Chongqing Cardiac Arrhythmias Service Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zeng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of PLA, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Epidemiology, the Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jie Wei
- Department of Epidemiology, the Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, the Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology, the Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health, School of Public Health and Management, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Andreassi MG, Piccaluga E, Gargani L, Sabatino L, Borghini A, Faita F, Bruno RM, Padovani R, Guagliumi G, Picano E. Subclinical carotid atherosclerosis and early vascular aging from long-term low-dose ionizing radiation exposure: a genetic, telomere, and vascular ultrasound study in cardiac catheterization laboratory staff. JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2016; 8:616-27. [PMID: 25907089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcin.2014.12.233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Revised: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to assess the association between long-term radiation exposure in the catheterization laboratory (cath lab) and early signs of subclinical atherosclerosis. BACKGROUND There is growing evidence of an excess risk of cardiovascular disease at low-dose levels of ionizing radiation exposure. METHODS Left and right carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured in 223 cath lab personnel (141 male; age, 45 ± 8 years) and 222 unexposed subjects (113 male; age, 44±10 years). Leukocyte telomere length (LTL) was evaluated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The DNA repair gene XRCC3 Thr241Met polymorphism was also analyzed to explore the possible interaction with radiation exposure. The occupational radiological risk score (ORRS) was computed for each subject on the basis of the length of employment, individual caseload, and proximity to the radiation source. A complete lifetime effective dose (mSv) was recorded for 57 workers. RESULTS Left, right, and averaged CIMTs were significantly increased in high-exposure workers compared with both control subjects and low-exposure workers (all p values<0.04). On the left side, but not on the right, there was a significant correlation between CIMT and ORRS (p=0.001) as well as lifetime dose (p=0.006). LTL was significantly reduced in exposed workers compared with control subjects (p=0.008). There was a significant correlation between LTL and both ORRS (p=0.002) and lifetime dose (p=0.03). The XRCC3 Met241 allele presented a significant interaction with high exposure for right side (pinteraction=0.002), left side (pinteraction<0.0001), and averaged (pinteraction<0.0001) CIMTs. CONCLUSIONS Long-term radiation exposure in a cath lab may be associated with increased subclinical CIMT and telomere length shortening, suggesting evidence of accelerated vascular aging and early atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luna Gargani
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Renato Padovani
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulio Guagliumi
- Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII, Cardiovascular Department, Bergamo, Italy; on behalf of the Healthy Cath Lab (HCL) Study Group of the Italian Society of Invasive Cardiology (GISE)
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Hohensinner PJ, Kaun C, Buchberger E, Ebenbauer B, Demyanets S, Huk I, Eppel W, Maurer G, Huber K, Wojta J. Age intrinsic loss of telomere protection via TRF1 reduction in endothelial cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:360-7. [PMID: 26658719 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a major factor predisposing for multiple diseases. Telomeres at the ends of chromosomes protect the integrity of chromosomal DNA. A specialized six-protein complex termed shelterin protects the telomere from unwanted interaction with DNA damage pathways. The aim of our study was to evaluate the integrity of telomeres and the stability of telomere protection during aging in endothelial cells (EC). We describe that aging EC can be characterized by an increased cell size (40%, p=0.02) and increased expression of PAI 1 (4 fold, p=0.02), MCP1 (10 fold, p=0.001) and GMCSF (15 fold, p=0.004). Telomeric state in aging cells is defined by an increased telomere oxidation (27%, p=0.01), reduced telomere length (62%, p=0.02), and increased DNA damage foci formation (5% in young EC versus 16% in aged EC, p=0.003). This telomeric dysfunction is accompanied by a reduction in the shelterin component TRF1 (33% mRNA, p=0.001; 24% protein, p=0.007). Overexpression of TRF1 in aging EC reduced telomere-associated DNA damage foci to 5% (p=0.02) and reduced expression levels of MCP1 (18% reduction, p=0.008). Aged EC have increased telomere damage and an intrinsic loss of telomere protection. Reestablishing telomere integrity could therefore be a target for rejuvenating endothelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Hohensinner
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - C Kaun
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - E Buchberger
- Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - B Ebenbauer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria
| | - S Demyanets
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I Huk
- Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - W Eppel
- Department of Gynecology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - G Maurer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - K Huber
- Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria; 3rd Medical Department, Wilhelminenhospital, Vienna, Austria
| | - J Wojta
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Ludwig Boltzmann Cluster for Cardiovascular Research, Vienna, Austria; Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Rahabi-Layachi H, Ourouda R, Boullier A, Massy ZA, Amant C. Distinct Effects of Inorganic Phosphate on Cell Cycle and Apoptosis in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. J Cell Physiol 2015; 230:347-55. [PMID: 24976589 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.24715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient to all living organisms. Nevertheless, hyperphosphatemia is now recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular events and mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. To our knowledge, the mechanisms by which elevated Pi alters smooth muscle cell proliferation have been poorly addressed. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of Pi on cell cycle regulation and apoptosis in human aortic smooth muscle cells (HAoSMC). HAoSMC were treated with physiologic (1 mM) or high (2 and 3 mM) Pi concentrations. We showed that Pi not only decreased significantly cell viability (P < 0.001) but also induced apoptosis of HAoSMC. Moreover, Pi treatment blocked G1/S cell cycle progression by increasing cell number in G0/G1 phase up to 82.4 ± 3.4% for 3 mM vs 76.2 ± 3.1% for control (P < 0.01) while decreasing cell number in S phase. Accordingly, this was associated with a decrease protein expression of cyclin E and its associated CDK (CDK2), and phosphorylated retinoblastoma protein. Moreover, we observed an increase of protein expression of cell cycle inhibitors p15, p21, and p27. Interestingly, we also found that induction of cell cycle arrest was partially dependent on phosphate uptake. Our results demonstrated that Pi reduced HAoSMC proliferation by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Indeed, we showed for the first time that Pi affected HAoSMC cell cycle by blocking G1/S progression. These findings would be useful for a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in vascular complications observed in CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roger Ourouda
- HERVI EA3801, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, Amiens, France
| | - Agnes Boullier
- Inserm U1088, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, Amiens, France
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, CHU Amiens, Amiens, France
| | - Ziad A Massy
- Inserm U1088, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
- Nephrology Division CHU Ambroise Paré, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Carole Amant
- HERVI EA3801, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR de Médecine, Amiens, France
- Centre de Biologie Humaine, CHU Amiens, Amiens, France
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Ahmadi A, Behmanesh M, Boroumand MA, Tavallaei M. Up-regulation of MSH2, XRCC1 and ATM genes in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary artery disease. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2015; 109:500-6. [PMID: 26088318 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.05.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major problem in some patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). CAD has been suggested to be the main result of reduced efficacy of DNA repair systems. Analysis of the DNA repair system in patients with diabetes can potentially uncover the molecular basis of their susceptibility to the CAD. The aim of the present study was to compare the expression levels of some important DNA repair genes, including ATM, XRCC1 and MSH2, in CAD+ versus CAD- patients with T2DM. Furthermore, the relevance of putative single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter regions of these genes with mRNA expression was evaluated. METHODS Expression analysis was performed by RT-qPCR on 76 patients with T2DM (41 CAD+ and 35 CAD- individuals confirmed by angiography). The genotypes of the patients were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. RESULTS Significant up-regulation of the MSH2 (2.49-fold, P=0.001), XRCC1 (2.11-fold, P=0.001) and ATM (2.15-fold, P=0.003) genes was observed in patients with T2DM and CAD. We could not detect any function for SNPs by comparing gene expression. In a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the area under the ROC curve for sum of relative expressions of all genes reached 0.81 (95% CI: 0.690-0.936, P=0.003), which indicates a potential biomarker for identifying patients with T2DM and CAD. CONCLUSION These results suggest that expression levels of DNA repair genes may serve as informative biomarkers for identifying patients with T2DM and CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-154, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Boroumand
- Department of Pathology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 1411713138, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Tavallaei
- Human Genetics Research Center, Baqiyatallah Medical Sciences University, Tehran, Iran
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26
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Medunjanin S, Daniel JM, Weinert S, Dutzmann J, Burgbacher F, Brecht S, Bruemmer D, Kahne T, Naumann M, Sedding DG, Zuschratter W, Braun-Dullaeus RC. DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) permits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through phosphorylation of the orphan nuclear receptor NOR1. Cardiovasc Res 2015; 106:488-97. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvv126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Karaman A, Aydın H, Geçkinli B, Çetinkaya A, Karaman S. DNA damage is increased in lymphocytes of patients with metabolic syndrome. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2015; 782:30-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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28
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Yang P, Yin K, Zhong D, Liao Q, Li K. Inhibition of osteosarcoma cell progression by MacroH2A via the downregulation of cyclin D and cyclin‑dependent kinase genes. Mol Med Rep 2014; 11:1905-10. [PMID: 25378143 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MacroH2A is a histone modification factor the activity of which has been acutely studied in cancer progression, and a number of studies have shown that the progression of certain types of cancer is under regulation by MacroH2A. However, information regarding the underlying molecular mechanisms of MacroH2A inhibition on the cell cycle remains elusive, and elucidating this process may aid in the production of novel treatment strategies. The aim of the current study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of MacroH2A on osteosarcoma cell progression, and the possible molecular mechanisms of this process. MacroH2A overexpression and interference vectors were designed and transfected into U2‑OS osteosarcoma cells. The cells underwent reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays. The apoptosis rate and cell cycle stage were assayed using flow cytometry. The results revealed that the overexpression of MacroH2A inhibited the progression of U2‑OS osteosarcoma cells, and the cells were arrested at the G2/M stage of the cell cycle. The molecular mechanism by which MacroH2A suppresses the cell progression involves the inhibition of the expression of cyclin D and cyclin‑dependent kinase (CDK) genes, including cyclin D1, cyclin D2, CDK4, CDK6 and CDK8. Taken together, the present results revealed that MacroH2A is an important modifier of chromatin that downregulates the progression of osteosarcoma cells and triggers disturbance of the cell cycle via the downregulation of cyclin D and CDK genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Ke Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Da Zhong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Qiande Liao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Kanghua Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Unal OK, Cinkilic N, Gul OO, Cander S, Vatan O, Ersoy C, Yilmaz D, Tuncel E. Investigation of genotoxicity in acromegaly from peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures using a micronucleus assay. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2014; 99:E2060-6. [PMID: 24963647 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Although patients with acromegaly may have an increased risk of developing several types of cancers, the degree of risk for malignancy in these patients is unresolved. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to investigate the potential genotoxic effects of acromegaly on the cell cycle in peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures. DESIGN This was a single center, crossover, case-control study conducted on the acromegalic patients in Turkey. SETTING The study was conducted in the outpatient clinic of a university hospital. PATIENTS Seventy-one consecutively screened acromegalic patients and 56 controls participated in the study. INTERVENTION Patients were included, regardless of the disease activity status and their treatment duration before the study. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary end point was the frequency of micronucleus (MN) in the peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures, and the secondary end point was its clinical correlations. RESULTS The MN level was 3.82 ± 1.49 in the control group and 18.00 ± 6.13 in the acromegalic group (P < .01), whereas the nuclear division index (NDI) was 1.79 ± 0.12 in the control group and 1.68 ± 0.07 in the acromegalic group (P < .01). Neither MN nor NDI was correlated with age, GH, IGF-I, initial GH, initial IGF-I, duration of the remission period, and initial tumor size. Only the MN level was positively correlated with the duration of disease (r = 0.323, P = .014). CONCLUSION Our results indicated that acromegalic patients had genotoxic damage at a substantial level, and there was a positive correlation between the duration of disease and genotoxicity level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oguz Kaan Unal
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (O.K.U., O.O.G., S.C., C.E., E.T.), Uludag University Medical School, and Department of Biology (N.C., O.V., D.Y.), Uludag University Science and Arts Faculty, 16059 Bursa, Turkey; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism (O.K.U.), Acibadem University Medical School, 16110 Bursa, Turkey; State Hospital (O.O.G.), 16090 Bursa, Turkey; and Sevket Yilmaz Research Hospital (S.C.), 16310 Bursa, Turkey
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Ribeiro-Varandas E, Pereira HS, Monteiro S, Neves E, Brito L, Boavida Ferreira R, Viegas W, Delgado M. Bisphenol A disrupts transcription and decreases viability in aging vascular endothelial cells. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:15791-805. [PMID: 25207595 PMCID: PMC4200871 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150915791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2013] [Revised: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widely utilized endocrine disruptor capable of mimicking endogenous hormones, employed in the manufacture of numerous consumer products, thereby interfering with physiological cellular functions. Recent research has shown that BPA alters epigenetic cellular mechanisms in mammals and may be correlated to enhanced cellular senescence. Here, the effects of BPA at 10 ng/mL and 1 µg/mL, concentrations found in human samples, were analyzed on HT29 human colon adenocarcinona cell line and Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC). Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) transcriptional analysis of the Long Interspersed Element-1 (LINE-1) retroelement showed that BPA induces global transcription deregulation in both cell lines, although with more pronounced effects in HUVEC cells. Whereas there was an increase in global transcription in HT29 exclusively after 24 h of exposure, this chemical had prolonged effects on HUVEC. Immunoblotting revealed that this was not accompanied by alterations in the overall content of H3K9me2 and H3K4me3 epigenetic marks. Importantly, cell viability assays and transcriptional analysis indicated that prolonged BPA exposure affects aging processes in senescent HUVEC. To our knowledge this is the first report that BPA interferes with senescence in primary vascular endothelial cells, therefore, suggesting its association to the etiology of age-related human pathologies, such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edna Ribeiro-Varandas
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - H. Sofia Pereira
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Sara Monteiro
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Elsa Neves
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Escola Superior de Tecnologia e Gestão Jean Piaget do Litoral Alentejano (ESTGJPLA), Instituto Piaget, Campus Académico de Santo André, Ap. 38, 7500-999 Vila Nova de Santo André, Portugal
| | - Luísa Brito
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Ricardo Boavida Ferreira
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica (ITQB), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Wanda Viegas
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
| | - Margarida Delgado
- Centro de Botânica Aplicada à Agricultura (CBAA), Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal; E-Mails: (E.R.-V.); (H.S.P.); (S.M.); (E.N.); (L.B.); (R.B.F.); (W.V.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +351-213-653-100 (ext. 3281); Fax: +351-213-653-195
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Lei S, Long J, Li J. MacroH2A suppresses the proliferation of the B16 melanoma cell line. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:1845-50. [PMID: 25119498 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
MacroH2A is the most frequently altered histone, which participates in cancer progression. Increasing evidence demonstrates that cancer progression could be regulated by macroH2A by affecting the cell cycle. In the present study, it was demonstrated that macroH2A suppresses melanoma cell progression and the molecular mechanisms underlying this process were examined. The interference and overexpression vectors of macroH2A were constructed and then transferred into B16 melanoma cells and, following transfection, were analyzed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blot analysis and immunofluorescence assays. Apoptosis and the cell cycle stage among all the treatment groups were detected. Then, cyclin D1, cyclin D3, cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) 4, CDK6 and CDK8 expression was detected in order to elucidate the effects of macroH2A on cell cycle-related genes. The results demonstrated that the overexpression of macroH2A suppressed melanoma cell progression and arrested the cells in the G2/M stage. Furthermore, macroH2A inhibits cyclin D1, cyclin D2, CDK6 and CDK8 expression in B16 melanoma cells. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that macroH2A, a critical component of chromatin, suppresses the development of melanoma (which results from a disordered cell cycle) through regulating cyclin D1, cyclin D3 and CDK6 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaorong Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jianhong Long
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jiaguang Li
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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Ari E, Kaya Y, Demir H, Asicioglu E, Eren Z, Celik E, Arikan H. Cinacalcet may improve oxidative DNA damage in maintenance hemodialysis patients: an observational study. Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46:1843-9. [PMID: 24811568 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-014-0723-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is accepted as a non-classical cardiovascular risk factor in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of cinacalcet on oxidative stress biomarkers, oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine), endothelial function (FMD %) and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in HD patients. METHODS Forty-two chronic HD patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism undergoing 60 mg/day cinacalcet treatment with a follow-up of 6 months and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in this prospective study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine ratio (8-OHdG/dG) were determined as oxidative stress markers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), paraoxonase (PON), catalase (CAT), carbonic anhydrase (CAN) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured as antioxidants. FMD % and CIMT were assessed by ultrasonography. RESULTS MDA levels were decreased; SOD, PON, CAT, CAN and GPx activities were increased after 6 months of cinacalcet treatment in HD patients. Although CIMT remained stabile, there was a significant improvement in FMD % as well as a notable reduction trend in 8-OHdG/dG ratio after 6 months of treatment. CONCLUSION Our data have demonstrated that cinacalcet improves oxidative stress, genomic damage, endothelial function and increases antioxidant protection in HD patients after 6 months of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ari
- Department of Nephrology, Kartal Research and Training Hospital, 34890, Istanbul, Turkey,
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Kim KS, Kim JE, Choi KJ, Bae S, Kim DH. Characterization of DNA damage-induced cellular senescence by ionizing radiation in endothelial cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2013; 90:71-80. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.859763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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34
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DNA modifications in atherosclerosis: From the past to the future. Atherosclerosis 2013; 230:202-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 07/08/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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35
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Borghini A, Luca Gianicolo EA, Picano E, Andreassi MG. Ionizing radiation and atherosclerosis: Current knowledge and future challenges. Atherosclerosis 2013; 230:40-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2013] [Revised: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Xiao-Hong D, Chang-Qin X, Jian-Hua H, Wen-Jiang Z, Bing S. Icariin delays homocysteine-induced endothelial cellular senescence involving activation of the PI3K/AKT-eNOS signaling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2013; 51:433-440. [PMID: 23336586 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.738332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Homocysteine-induced endothelial cellular senescence may contribute to some cardiovascular disorders. Icariin (ICA), a flavonoid derived from Epimedium sagittatum Maxim. (Berberidaceae), has been reported to increase production of nitric oxide (NO) and reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of ICA on homocysteine-induced senescence and the underlying mechanisms in HUVECs. MATERIALS AND METHODS ICA at concentrations of 0.1, 1, and 5 μM was added into homocysteine pretreated HUVECs. Cellular senescence was assayed by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining and cumulative population doublings (CPDs). ICA (5 μM) was given orally to homocysteine-treated rats, luminal surface of aortic artery of rats was subjected to SA-β-gal staining. Protein expression was measured by western blot. RESULTS Homocysteine significantly increased cellular senescence both in vitro and in vivo. After treatment by ICA, the percentage of SA-β-gal-positive cells, and the ROS level significantly decreased. The CPDs were partially restored. ICA also significantly reduced the mean density of SA-β-gal staining in vivo. We found that NO production and phosphorylation of AKT, ERK, and endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) were elevated by ICA in HUVECs. Furthermore, the increased level of NO production was fully abolished by the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor wortmannin. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitor PD98059, which can inhibit phosphorylation of ERK, did not show this ability. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ICA delays homocyteine-induced endothelial senescence in vitro and in vivo. Activation of PI3K/Akt-eNOS-dependent signaling pathway may be responsible for this efficacy of ICA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duan Xiao-Hong
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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37
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Narne P, Ponnaluri KC, Singh S, Siraj M, Ishaq M. Arg399Gln Polymorphism of X-Ray Repair Cross-Complementing Group 1 Gene Is Associated with Angiographically Documented Coronary Artery Disease in South Indian Type 2 Diabetic Patients. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2013; 17:236-41. [DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2012.0330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Parimala Narne
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Mohammed Siraj
- Department of Medicine, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India
| | - Mohammed Ishaq
- Department of Genetics, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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Mitchel REJ, Hasu M, Bugden M, Wyatt H, Hildebrandt G, Chen YX, Priest ND, Whitman SC. Low-dose radiation exposure and protection against atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-) mice: the influence of P53 heterozygosity. Radiat Res 2013; 179:190-9. [PMID: 23289388 DOI: 10.1667/rr3140.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We recently described the effects of low-dose γ-radiation exposures on atherosclerosis in genetically susceptible (ApoE(-/-)) mice with normal p53 function. Doses as low as 25 mGy, given at either early or late stage disease, generally protected against atherosclerosis in a manner distinctly nonlinear with dose. We now report the influence of low doses (25-500 mGy) on atherosclerosis in ApoE(-/-) mice with reduced p53 function (Trp53(+/-)). Single exposures were given at either low or high dose rate (1 or 150 mGy/min) to female C57BL/6J ApoE(-/-) Trp53(+/-) mice. Mice were exposed at either early stage disease (2 months of age) and examined 3 or 6 months later, or at late stage disease (7 months of age) and examined 2 or 4 months later. In unirradiated mice, reduced p53 functionality elevated serum cholesterol and accelerated both aortic root lesion growth and severity in young mice. Radiation exposure to doses as low as 25 mGy at early stage disease, at either the high or the low dose rate, inhibited lesion growth, decreased lesion frequency and slowed the progression of lesion severity in the aortic root. In contrast, exposure at late stage disease produced generally detrimental effects. Both low-and high-dose-rate exposures accelerated lesion growth and high dose rate exposures also increased serum cholesterol levels. These results show that at early stage disease, reduced p53 function does not influence the protective effects against atherosclerosis of low doses given at low dose rate. In contrast, when exposed to the same doses at late stage disease, reduced p53 function produced detrimental effects, rather than the protective effects seen in Trp53 normal mice. As in the Trp53 normal mice, all effects were highly nonlinear with dose. These results indicate that variations in p53 functionality can dramatically alter the outcome of a low-dose exposure, and that the assumption of a linear response with dose for human populations is probably unwarranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- R E J Mitchel
- Radiological Protection Research and Instrumentation Branch, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada.
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Arruda MM, Mecabo G, Rodrigues CA, Matsuda SS, Rabelo IB, Figueiredo MS. Antioxidant vitamins C and E supplementation increases markers of haemolysis in sickle cell anaemia patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Haematol 2012; 160:688-700. [PMID: 23278176 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Accepted: 11/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocytes from sickle cell anaemia (SCA) patients continuously produce larger amounts of pro-oxidants than normal cells. Oxidative stress seems to primarily affect the membrane and results in haemolysis. The use of antioxidants in vitro reduces the generation of pro-oxidants. To evaluate the impact of vitamins C (VitC) and E (VitE) supplementation in SCA patients, patients over 18 years were randomly assigned to receive VitC 1400 mg + VitE 800 mg per day or placebo orally for 180 d. Eighty-three patients were enrolled (44 vitamins, 39 placebo), median age 27 (18-68) years, 64% female. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding clinical complications or baseline laboratorial tests. Sixty percent of the patients were VitC deficient, 70% were VitE deficient. Supplementation significantly increased serum VitC and E. However, no significant changes in haemoglobin levels were observed, and, unexpectedly, there was a significant increase in haemolytic markers with vitamin supplementation. In conclusion, VitC + VitE supplementation did not improve anaemia and, surprisingly, increased markers of haemolysis in patients with SCA and S-β(0) -thalassaemia. The exact mechanisms to explain this findings and their clinical significance remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha M Arruda
- Hematology and Blood Transfusion Department, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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Cervelli T, Borghini A, Galli A, Andreassi MG. DNA damage and repair in atherosclerosis: current insights and future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2012; 13:16929-44. [PMID: 23443128 PMCID: PMC3546731 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131216929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among Western populations. Over the past two decades, considerable evidence has supported a crucial role for DNA damage in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. These findings support the concept that the prolonged exposure to risk factors (e.g., dyslipidemia, smoking and diabetes mellitus) leading to reactive oxygen species are major stimuli for DNA damage within the plaque. Genomic instability at the cellular level can directly affect vascular function, leading to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and premature vascular senescence. The purpose of this paper is to review current knowledge on the role of DNA damage and DNA repair systems in atherosclerosis, as well as to discuss the cellular response to DNA damage in order to shed light on possible strategies for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Cervelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR (The National Research Council), via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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Sabatino L, Picano E, Andreassi MG. Telomere shortening and ionizing radiation: A possible role in vascular dysfunction? Int J Radiat Biol 2012; 88:830-9. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2012.709307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Sandoval SB, Pastor S, Stoyanova E, Rodríguez-Ribera L, García-Quispes WA, Coll E, Reyes J, Andrés E, Ballarin J, Marcos R. Genomic instability in chronic renal failure patients. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2012; 53:343-349. [PMID: 22467378 DOI: 10.1002/em.21694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Revised: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Patients suffering chronic renal failure (CRF) exhibit a high incidence of cancer, as well as high levels of genetic damage. We hypothesized that these patients show genomic instability as measured by increased radiosensitivity to the induction of genetic damage. The background levels of genetic damage and the net genetic damage after in vitro irradiation with 0.5 Gy were analyzed using the micronucleus assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 174 CRF patients and 53 controls. The net radiation-induced genetic damage was significantly higher in CRF patients with respect to controls. Among CRF patients, the levels of genetic damage were higher in those with prior incidence of cancer than in those without cancer; in addition, those CRF patients undergoing hemodialysis presented with higher levels of genetic damage than those in the advanced Stages (4-5) of the pathology. A positive association was observed between basal and net micronucleus frequency among CFR patients. However, no association was found between net genetic damage and parameters linked to the different stages of the pathology, such as urine creatinine levels and glomerular filtration rate. Our results indicate that CRF patients show increased radiosensitivity and that the degree of radiosensitivity is associated with the progression of the pathological stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia B Sandoval
- Grup de Mutagènesi, Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
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Abstract
Evidence for the association of DNA damage with cardiovascular disease has been obtained from in vitro cell culture models, experimental cardiovascular disease and analysis of samples obtained from humans with disease. There is general acceptance that several factors associated with the risk of developing cardiovascular disease cause oxidative damage to DNA in cell culture models with both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA as targets. Moreover, evidence obtained over the past 10 years points to a possible mechanistic role for DNA damage in experimental atherosclerosis culminating in recent studies challenging the assumption that DNA damage is merely a biomarker of the disease process. This kind of mechanistic insight provides a renewed impetus for further studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qudsia Malik
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Glenfield Hospital , Leicester , UK
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Shettigar SKG, Shailaja C, Kulkarni RK. Elevated micronuclei frequency in type 2 diabetes with high glycosylated hemoglobin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2012; 95:246-50. [PMID: 22078074 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Revised: 10/04/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The role of oxidative damage to DNA due to hyperglycemia is well known. In the current study we have evaluated the induction of micronuclei due to increased glycosylation in type 2 diabetes. METHODS Forty-nine subjects divided into two groups of normoglycemic controls and type 2 diabetic cases were recruited in the study. Whole blood was cultured and micronuclei were scored in all the cases. This was correlated with age, sex, blood glucose levels and glycosylated hemoglobin. RESULTS Age and sex matched diabetic patients had an increased micronuclei frequency in response to elevated glycosylation of hemoglobin (R(2)=0.229, p=0.037) compared to normoglycemic subjects. CONCLUSION The increased glycosylation seems to induce oxidative damage in the DNA of the diabetic patients, which manifests as an increased micronuclei frequency. This has a potential to be used as a biomarker for subsequent diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh K G Shettigar
- Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics Section, Pathology Unit, Medical Division, BARC Hospital, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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Zhou Q, Yang L, Qu M, Wang Y, Chen P, Wang Y, Shi W. Role of senescent fibroblasts on alkali-induced corneal neovascularization. J Cell Physiol 2011; 227:1148-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cho JH, Kim MJ, Kim KJ, Kim JR. POZ/BTB and AT-hook-containing zinc finger protein 1 (PATZ1) inhibits endothelial cell senescence through a p53 dependent pathway. Cell Death Differ 2011; 19:703-12. [PMID: 22052190 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2011.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular cell senescence, induced by the DNA damage response or inflammatory stress, contributes to age-associated vascular disease. Using complementary DNA microarray technology, we found that the level of POZ/BTB and AT-hook-containing zinc finger protein 1 (PATZ1) is downregulated during endothelial cell (EC) senescence. PATZ1 may have an important role as a transcriptional repressor in chromatin remodeling and transcription regulation; however, the role of PATZ1 in EC senescence and vascular aging remains unidentified. Knockdown of PATZ1 in young cells accelerated premature EC senescence, which was confirmed by growth arrest, increased p53 protein level and senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) activity, and repression of EC tube formation. In contrast, overexpression of PATZ1 in senescent cells reversed senescent phenotypes. Cellular senescence induced by PATZ1 knockdown in young cells was rescued by knockdown of p53, but not by knockdown of p16(INK4a). PATZ1 knockdown increased ROS levels, and pretreatment with N-acetylcysteine abolished EC senescence induced by PATZ1 knockdown. Notably, PATZ1 immunoreactivity was lower in ECs of atherosclerotic tissues than those of normal arteries in LDLR(-/-) mice, and immunoreactivity also decreased in ECs of old human arteries. These results suggest that PATZ1 may have an important role in the regulation of EC senescence through an ROS-mediated p53-dependent pathway and contribute to vascular diseases associated with aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Cho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Aging-associated Vascular Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Genetic mechanisms mediating atherosclerosis susceptibility at the chromosome 9p21 locus. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2011; 13:193-201. [PMID: 21487702 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-011-0178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies have demonstrated that common genetic variants in a region of chromosome 9p21 confer risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and other atherosclerotic conditions. Although the absolute increase in risk is small (some 20-30% increase in risk of CAD per copy of the deleterious alleles), the common occurrence of the variants means that their effect on the population risk of disease is estimated to be substantial. Studies investigating the relationship between risk variants and both "classical" and "emerging" atherosclerotic risk factors have found no evidence of association. This suggests that the effect of the 9p21 locus on atherosclerotic risk is mediated via a hitherto unknown pathway potentially amenable to therapeutic modulation. Investigation of potential disease mechanisms at this locus is therefore a focus of intense interest. In this review, we discuss the progress that has been made in the study of mechanisms and highlight the outstanding research questions.
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Li S, Zhang L, Chen T, Tian B, Deng X, Zhao Z, Yuan P, Dong B, Zhang Y, Mo X. Functional polymorphism rs189037 in the promoter region of ATM gene is associated with angiographically characterized coronary stenosis. Atherosclerosis 2011; 219:694-7. [PMID: 21937043 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2010] [Revised: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism rs189037 of the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene and angiographically characterized coronary stenosis as well as the molecular basis of this association. RESULTS In 562 patients treated at the Department of Cardiology, West China Hospital, a significant association was found between polymorphism rs189037 and angiographically characterized coronary stenosis. For the T versus C allele, the adjusted OR was 0.79 (95%CI 0.67-0.92, P=0.003), using the allele frequency model; for TT versus CT/CC, the adjusted OR was 0.36 (95%CI 0.21-0.59, P=0.00006), using the recessive model; and for TT/CT versus CC, the adjusted OR was 0.54 (95%CI 0.29-1.02, P=0.06), using the dominant model. An antagonism was found between polymorphism rs189037 and diabetes mellitus (P=0.003). In coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, the TT genotype of rs189037 was associated with higher ATM mRNA expression (F=4.23, P=0.02) in peripheral mononuclear cells than the CC or CT genotypes. CONCLUSION Polymorphism rs189037 may influence the expression of ATM mRNA in CAD patients. It is also associated with the degree of coronary stenosis. Moderately low expression of the ATM gene may be associated with the development of coronary atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Ari E, Kaya Y, Demir H, Cebi A, Alp HH, Bakan E, Odabasi D, Keskin S. Oxidative DNA damage correlates with carotid artery atherosclerosis in hemodialysis patients. Hemodial Int 2011; 15:453-9. [PMID: 22111813 DOI: 10.1111/j.1542-4758.2011.00568.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2011] [Revised: 05/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is accepted as a nonclassical cardiovascular risk factor in chronic renal failure patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine/deoxyguanosine [8-OHdG/dG] ratio), oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, and carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Forty chronic HD patients without known atherosclerotic disease and 48 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals were included in the study. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and 8-OHdG/dG ratio were determined as oxidative stress markers. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were measured as antioxidants. CIMT was assessed by carotid artery ultrasonography. 8-OHdG/dG ratios and MDA levels were higher; SOD and GPx activities were lower in HD patients compared to controls. HD patients had significantly higher CIMT compared to controls (0.61 ± 0.08 vs. 0.42 ± 0.05, p < 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between CIMT and 8-OHdG/dG ratio (r = 0.57, p < 0.01) and MDA levels (r = 0.41, p < 0.01), while there was a significant negative correlation between CIMT and SOD (r = -0.47, p < 0.01) and GPx levels (r = -0.62, p < 0.01). It is firstly demonstrated that CIMT is positively correlated with oxidative DNA damage in HD patients without known atherosclerotic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Ari
- Department of Nephrology, Van Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, Van, Turkey.
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Takemura A, Iijima K, Ota H, Son BK, Ito Y, Ogawa S, Eto M, Akishita M, Ouchi Y. Sirtuin 1 retards hyperphosphatemia-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2011; 31:2054-62. [PMID: 21719763 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.110.216739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arterial calcification is associated with cardiovascular disease as a complication of advanced atherosclerosis. Aged vascular cells manifest some morphological features of a senescent phenotype. Recent studies have demonstrated that mammalian sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a histone deacetylase, is an exciting target for cardiovascular disease management. Here, we investigated the role of SIRT1 in a calcification model of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). METHODS AND RESULTS In adenine-induced renal failure rats with hyperphosphatemia, massive calcification was induced in the aortic media. Senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SAβ-gal) activity, a marker of cellular senescence, in medial SMCs was significantly increased, and its induction was positively associated with the degree of calcification. In cultured SMCs, inorganic phosphate (Pi) stimulation dose-dependently increased SAβ-gal-positive cells, and Pi-induced senescence was associated with downregulation of SIRT1 expression, leading to p21 activation. The activation via SIRT1 downregulation was blunted by inhibition of Pi cotransporter. Activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol significantly reduced the senescence-associated calcification. Conversely, SIRT1 knockdown by small interfering RNA accelerated the Pi-induced SMC senescence and subsequent calcification. In addition, SIRT1 knockdown induced phenotypic change from a differentiated state to osteoblast-like cells. The senescence-related SMC calcification was completely prevented by p21 knockdown. In addition to Pi-induced premature senescence, SMCs with replicative senescence were also more sensitive to Pi-induced calcification compared with young SMCs, and this finding was attributable to augmented p21 expression. CONCLUSIONS SIRT1 plays an essential role in preventing hyperphosphatemia-induced arterial calcification via inhibition of osteoblastic transdifferentiation. In addition, Pi-induced SMC calcification may be associated with both premature and replicative cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aya Takemura
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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