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Mach N. The forecasting power of the mucin-microbiome interplay in livestock respiratory diseases. Vet Q 2024; 44:1-18. [PMID: 38606662 PMCID: PMC11018052 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Complex respiratory diseases are a significant challenge for the livestock industry worldwide. These diseases considerably impact animal health and welfare and cause severe economic losses. One of the first lines of pathogen defense combines the respiratory tract mucus, a highly viscous material primarily composed of mucins, and a thriving multi-kingdom microbial ecosystem. The microbiome-mucin interplay protects from unwanted substances and organisms, but its dysfunction may enable pathogenic infections and the onset of respiratory disease. Emerging evidence also shows that noncoding regulatory RNAs might modulate the structure and function of the microbiome-mucin relationship. This opinion paper unearths the current understanding of the triangular relationship between mucins, the microbiome, and noncoding RNAs in the context of respiratory infections in animals of veterinary interest. There is a need to look at these molecular underpinnings that dictate distinct health and disease outcomes to implement effective prevention, surveillance, and timely intervention strategies tailored to the different epidemiological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Mach
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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2
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Chen P, Ding WL, Xu BW, Rehman MU, Liu KL, He YF, Li SY, Jian FC, Huang 黄 SC淑. Aflatoxin B1 as a complicit in intestinal damage caused by Eimeria ovinoidalis in lambs: Novel insights to reveal parasite-gut battle. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174539. [PMID: 38977103 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mycotoxins, unavoidable contaminants in feed and feed ingredients, have the potential to influence the incidence and severity of various diseases upon ingestion. Sheep coccidiosis is an enteric disease caused by protozoa of Eimeria spp. However, the extent to which the presence of aflatoxin b1 (AFB1) synergistically exacerbates damage to intestinal health in lambs with Eimeria remains unclear. 50-day-old female lambs were randomly assigned to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments for 15 days to assess the impact of AFB1 exposure on lambs with or without Eimeria (E.) ovinoidalis infection. Our findings reveal that AFB1 synergistically intensifies damage to intestinal health in lambs challenged by E. ovinoidalis. This is evidenced by disruptions to the intestinal microbiota and reductions in the production of short-chain fatty acids. AFB1 further aggravates damage to the cecal mechanical barrier. Additionally, AFB1 contributes to the entry of lipopolysaccharide into the bloodstream, activating the inflammatory response. Interestingly, AFB1 exposure history results in an early peak of oocyst excretion and a decreased number of oocyst excretion in E. ovinoidalis infected lambs. This may be closely linked to the destruction of the intestinal epithelial cell structure and its apoptosis, as indicated by a decreased ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax and increased caspase-3 levels. Mechanistically, proteomics analysis identified mitochondrial dysfunction (inhibition of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway) as the primary factor intensifying intestinal epithelial cell destruction caused by coccidia, exacerbated by AFB1 through the inhibiting the conversion of NADH to NAD+ in the cecum of lambs via down-regulation of the PGC-1α/NRF1/TFAM pathway. Overall, these results offer novel insights into the AFB1 complicity in accelerating intestinal damage caused by E. ovinoidalis in lambs. Targeting the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation pathway of the intestine may represent a new therapeutic strategy against the detrimental effects of mycotoxin and coccidia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Wen-Li Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Bo-Wen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- Directorate Planning & Development, Livestock and Dairy Development Department, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Kai-Li Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yan-Feng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Sen-Yang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Fu-Chun Jian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Shu-Cheng 淑成 Huang 黄
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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3
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Zhang W, Wang Y, Zhu M, Liu K, Zhang HL. Gut flora in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathogenesis and treatment. Neural Regen Res 2024; 19:1480-1488. [PMID: 38051890 PMCID: PMC10883522 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.387974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disorder characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration in the central nervous system. Although current first-line therapies can help manage symptoms and slow down disease progression, there is no cure for multiple sclerosis. The gut-brain axis refers to complex communications between the gut flora and the immune, nervous, and endocrine systems, which bridges the functions of the gut and the brain. Disruptions in the gut flora, termed dysbiosis, can lead to systemic inflammation, leaky gut syndrome, and increased susceptibility to infections. The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis involves a combination of genetic and environmental factors, and gut flora may play a pivotal role in regulating immune responses related to multiple sclerosis. To develop more effective therapies for multiple sclerosis, we should further uncover the disease processes involved in multiple sclerosis and gain a better understanding of the gut-brain axis. This review provides an overview of the role of the gut flora in multiple sclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Mingqin Zhu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Kangding Liu
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Natural Science Foundation of China, Beijing, China
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Peng Y, Huang Y, Li H, Li C, Wu Y, Chen ZS, Wang X, Liao F, Miao C. Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule inhibits rheumatoid arthritis by regulating intestinal flora and improving intestinal barrier. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1422245. [PMID: 38989143 PMCID: PMC11233690 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1422245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Changes in intestinal flora and intestinal barrier in patients with preclinical and diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggest that intestinal flora and intestinal barrier play an important role in the induction and persistence of RA. Huangqin Qingre Chubi Capsule (HQC) is a clinically effective herbal formula for the treatment of RA, but its therapeutic mechanism has not been fully clarified. Materials and methods In this study, real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR), 16SrRNA sequencing, Western blot (WB), immunofluorescence and other methods were used to investigate whether HQC inhibited RA. Results Based on research in collages-induced arthritis (CIA) model in mice, human colon cancer cell line (Caco-2), and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from RA patients, we found that intestinal flora was disturbed in CIA model group, intestinal barrier was damaged, and lipolyaccharide (LPS) level was increased, and HQC could regulate intestinal flora and intestinal barrier and reduce LPS translocation into blood. Antibiotic depletion weakened the anti-RA effect of HQC, and HQC fecal microbiota transplantation alleviated RA pathology. In addition, LPS increased the expression of RA pathologic factors MMP3, Fibronectin and inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-8, indicating that elevated peripheral blood level of LPS was related to RA pathology. Conclusion The dysregulation of intestinal flora and the disruption of intestinal barrier are significant factors in the development of RA. HQC improves RA by regulating intestinal flora, intestinal barrier and inhibiting LPS translocation into blood. The study unveiles RA's new pathogenesis and laid a scientific groundwork for advancing HQC therapy for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yurong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Yajie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Zhe-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, New York, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Clinical Nursing, School of Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Faxue Liao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Public Health Clinical Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Institute of Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hefei, China
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Wang Z, Guo Z, Liu L, Ren D, Zu H, Li B, Liu F. Potential Probiotic Weizmannia coagulans WC10 Improved Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Mice by Regulating the Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Homeostasis. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10308-1. [PMID: 38900235 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common side effect of long-term and heavy antibiotic therapy. Weizmannia coagulans (W. coagulans) is an ideal probiotic because of its high viability, stability, and numerous health benefits to the host. In this study, the strains were first screened for W. coagulans WC10 (WC10) with a high combined ability based on their biological properties of gastrointestinal tolerance, adhesion, and short-chain fatty acid production ability. The effect of WC10 on mice with AAD was further evaluated. The results showed that WC10 was effective in improving the symptoms of AAD, effectively restoring antibiotic-induced weight loss, and reducing diarrhea status score and fecal water content. In addition, WC10 decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokines, alleviated intestinal tissue damage and inflammation, and improved intestinal epithelial barrier function by decreasing serum levels of enterotoxin, DAO, and D-lactic acid, and by increasing the expression of the intestinal mucosal immune factors sIgA and occludin. Importantly, the composition and function of the gut microbiota gradually recovered after WC10 treatment, increasing the number of SCFAs-producing Bifidobacterium and Roseburia. Subsequently, the short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) content was examined and WC10 significantly increased acetate, propionate, and butyrate production. Additionally, metabolomic analysis also showed that WC10 reversed the antibiotic interference with major metabolic pathways. These findings provide a solid scientific basis for the future application of W. coagulans WC10 in the treatment of AAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengbo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zengtao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Libo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Daxi Ren
- Institute of Dairy Science, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hang Zu
- Heilongjiang Ubert Dairy Co., Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
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Lacy BE, Cangemi DJ. Opioids and the Gastrointestinal Tract: The Role of Peripherally Active µ-Opioid Receptor Antagonists in Modulating Intestinal Permeability. Am J Gastroenterol 2024:00000434-990000000-01186. [PMID: 38870087 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Opioid receptors are found throughout the gastrointestinal tract, including the large intestine. Many patients treated with opioids experience opioid-induced constipation (OIC). Laxatives are not effective in most patients, and in those who do initially respond, the efficacy of laxatives generally diminishes over time. In addition, OIC does not spontaneously resolve for most patients. However, complications of opioids extend far beyond simply slowing gastrointestinal transit. Opioid use can affect intestinal permeability through a variety of mechanisms. Toll-like receptors are a crucial component of innate immunity and are tightly regulated within the gut epithelium. Pathologic µ-opioid receptor (MOR) and toll-like receptor signaling, resulting from chronic opioid exposure, disrupts intestinal permeability leading to potentially harmful bacterial translocation, elevated levels of bacterial toxins, immune activation, and increased cytokine production. Peripherally active MOR antagonists, including methylnaltrexone, are effective at treating OIC. Benefits extend beyond simply blocking the MOR; these agents also act to ameliorate opioid-induced disrupted intestinal permeability. In this review, we briefly describe the physiology of the gastrointestinal epithelial border and discuss the impact of opioids on gastrointestinal function. Finally, we consider the use of peripherally active MOR antagonists to treat disrupted intestinal permeability resulting from opioid use and discuss the potential for improved morbidity and mortality in patients treated with methylnaltrexone for opioid-induced bowel disorders.
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Xu Y, Xu J, Zhu Y, Mao H, Li J, Kong X, Zhu X, Zhang J. Investigating gut microbiota-blood and urine metabolite correlations in early sepsis-induced acute kidney injury: insights from targeted KEGG analyses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1375874. [PMID: 38887493 PMCID: PMC11180806 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1375874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The interplay between gut microbiota and metabolites in the early stages of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is not yet clearly understood. This study explores the characteristics and interactions of gut microbiota, and blood and urinary metabolites in patients with SA-AKI. Methods Utilizing a prospective observational approach, we conducted comparative analyses of gut microbiota and metabolites via metabolomics and metagenomics in individuals diagnosed with SA-AKI compared to those without AKI (NCT06197828). Pearson correlations were used to identify associations between microbiota, metabolites, and clinical indicators. The Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database was employed to detect antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways informed on metabolic processes and microbial resistance patterns. Results Our study included analysis of four patients with SA-AKI and five without AKI. Significant disparities in bacterial composition were observed, illustrated by diversity indices (Shannon index: 2.0 ± 0.4 vs. 1.4 ± 0.6, P = 0.230; Simpson index: 0.8 ± 0.1 vs. 0.6 ± 0.2, P = 0.494) between the SA-AKI group and the non-AKI group. N6, N6, N6-Trimethyl-L-lysine was detected in both blood and urine metabolites, and also showed significant correlations with specific gut microbiota (Campylobacter hominis and Bacteroides caccae, R > 0, P < 0.05). Both blood and urine metabolites were enriched in the lysine degradation pathway. We also identified the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) as a KEGG pathway enriched in sets of differentially expressed ARGs in the gut microbiota, which exhibits an association with lysine degradation. Conclusions Significant differences in gut microbiota and metabolites were observed between the SA-AKI and non-AKI groups, uncovering potential biomarkers and metabolic changes linked to SA-AKI. The lysine degradation pathway may serve as a crucial link connecting gut microbiota and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayue Xu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueniu Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoyun Mao
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiru Li
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangmei Kong
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- Department of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to the Medical School of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
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Wang R, Yan B, Yin Y, Wang X, Wu M, Wen T, Qian Y, Wang Y, Huang C, Zhu Y. Polysaccharides extracted from larvae of Lucilia sericata ameliorated ulcerative colitis by regulating the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 270:132441. [PMID: 38761897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Pest management technology has been a promising bioconversion method for waste resource utilization. Unlike many pests that consume waste, the larvae of Lucilia sericata, also known as maggots, have many outstanding advantages as following: with their strong adaption to environment and not easily infected and exhibiting a medicinal nutritional value. Herein, the potential efficacies of maggot polysaccharides (MP), as well as their underlying mechanisms, were explored in Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mice and TNF-α-elicited Caco-2 cells. We extracted two bioactive polysaccharides from maggots, MP-80 and MP-L, whose molecular weights were 4.25 × 103 and 2.28 × 103 g/mol, respectively. MP-80 and MP-L contained nine sugar residues: 1,4-α-Arap, 1,3-β-Galp, 1,4,6-β-Galp, 1,6-α-Glcp, 1-α-Glcp, 1,4-β-Glcp, 1-β-Xylp, 1,2-α-Manp, and 1-β-Manp. We demonstrated that MP-80 and MP-L significantly ameliorated DSS-induced symptoms and histopathological damage. Immuno-analysis revealed that compared with MP-L, MP-80 could better restore intestinal barrier and reduced inflammation by suppressing NLRP3/NF-κB pathways, which might be attributed to its enriched galactose fraction. Moreover, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that MP-80 and MP-L both improved the dysbiosis and diversity of gut microbiota and acted on multiple microbial functions. Our study sheds new light on the possibility of using maggot polysaccharides as an alternative therapy for colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bowen Yan
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Yourui Yin
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xueyuan Wang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Mei Wu
- The Affiliated Taizhou People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Taizhou 225500, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Tiantian Wen
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yin Qian
- Taizhou Second People's Hospital, Taizhou 225500, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Medical school, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210000, PR China.
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210000, PR China.
| | - Yongqiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory for Molecular and Medical Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, PR China.
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Kan L, Zheng Z, Fu W, Ma Y, Wang W, Qian H, Xu L. Recent progress on engineered micro/nanomaterials mediated modulation of gut microbiota for treating inflammatory bowel disease. J Control Release 2024; 370:43-65. [PMID: 38608876 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic recurrent inflammation disease that mainly includes Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Currently, the treatments for IBD remain highly challenging, with clinical treatment drugs showing limited efficacy and adverse side effects. Thus, developing drug candidates with comprehensive therapeutic effects, high efficiency, and low toxicity is urgently needed. Recently, micro/nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest because of their bioavailability, multitarget and efficient effects on IBD. In addition, gut modulation plays a substantial role in restoring intestinal homeostasis. Therefore, efficient microbiota-based strategies modulating gut microenvironment have great potential in remarkably treating IBD. With the development of micro- and nanomaterials for the treatment of IBD and more in-depth studies of their therapeutic mechanisms, it has been found that these treatments also have a tendency to positively regulate the intestinal flora, resulting in an increase in the beneficial flora and a decrease in the level of pathogenic bacteria, thus regulating the composition of the intestinal flora to a normal state. In this review, we first present the interactions among the immune system, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiome. In addition, recent advances in administration routes and methods that positively arouse the regulation of intestinal flora for IBD using probiotics, prebiotics, and redox-active micro/nanomaterials have been reviewed. Finally, the key challenges and critical perspectives of gut microbiota-based micro/nanomaterial treatment are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Kan
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Ziwen Zheng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Wanyue Fu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Yan Ma
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China
| | - Wanni Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
| | - Haisheng Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
| | - Lingling Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Anhui Provincial Institute of Translational Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, PR China; Anhui Engineering Research Center for Medical Micro-Nano Devices, Hefei, Anhui 230012, PR China.
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Zou J, Luan H, Xi P, Xue J, Fan J, Zhong X, Zhou X, Song X, Zhao X, Zou Y, Li L, Jia R, Fu Y, Liu Z, Yin Z. Gallnut tannic acid alleviates gut damage induced by Salmonella pullorum in broilers by enhancing barrier function and modulating microbiota. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1382288. [PMID: 38863452 PMCID: PMC11166010 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1382288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Pullorum disease (PD) is a bacterial infection caused by Salmonella pullorum (S. pullorum) that affects poultry. It is highly infectious and often fatal. Antibiotics are currently the mainstay of prophylactic and therapeutic treatments for PD, but their use can lead to the development of resistance in pathogenic bacteria and disruption of the host's intestinal flora. We added neomycin sulfate and different doses of tannic acid (TA) to the drinking water of chicks at 3 days of age and infected them with PD by intraperitoneal injection of S. pullorum at 9 days of age. We analyzed intestinal histopathological changes and the expression of immune-related genes and proteins by using the plate smear method, histological staining, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, ELISA kits, and 16S rRNA Analysis of intestinal flora. The results demonstrate that S. pullorum induces alterations in the immune status and impairs the functionality of the liver and intestinal barrier. We found that tannic acid significantly ameliorated S. pullorum-induced liver and intestinal damage, protected the intestinal physical and chemical barriers, restored the intestinal immune barrier function, and regulated the intestinal flora. Our results showed that TA has good anti-diarrhoeal, growth-promoting, immune-regulating, intestinal barrier-protecting and intestinal flora-balancing effects, and the best effect was achieved at an additive dose of 0.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongliang Luan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Qilu Animal Health Products Co., Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Pengyuan Xi
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junshu Xue
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiahao Fan
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Zhong
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Song
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinghong Zhao
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lixia Li
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuping Fu
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongxiu Liu
- Chengdu QianKun Veterinary Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Liu Y, Dai C, Wang C, Wang J, Yan W, Luo M, Dong J, Li X, Liu X, Lan Y. Raspberry Ketone Prevents LPS-Induced Depression-Like Behaviors in Mice by Inhibiting TLR-4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway via the Gut-Brain Axis. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400090. [PMID: 38757671 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Depression, a prevalent mental disorder, has significantly impacted the lives of 350 million people, yet it holds promise for amelioration through food-derived phenolics. Raspberries, renowned globally for their delectable flavor, harbor a phenolic compound known as raspberry ketone (RK). However, the impact of RK on depressive symptoms remains ambiguous. This study aims to investigate the impact of RK on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced depressed mice and elucidates its potential mechanisms, focusing on the gut-brain axis. METHODS AND RESULTS Through behavioral tests, RK exerts a notable preventive effect on LPS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. RK proves capable of attenuating gut inflammation, repairing gut barrier impairment, modulating the composition of the gut microbiome (Muribaculaceae, Streptococcus, Lachnospiraceae, and Akkermansia), and promoting the production of short-chain fatty acids. Furthermore, RK alleviates neuroinflammation by suppressing the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway and bolsters synaptic function by elevating levels of neurotrophic factors and synapse-associated proteins. CONCLUSION The current study provides compelling evidence that RK effectively inhibits the TLR-4/NF-κB pathway via the gut-brain axis, leading to the improvement of LPS-induced depression-like behaviors in mice. This study addresses the research gap in understanding the antidepressant effects of RK and illuminates the potential of utilizing RK as a functional food for preventing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chenlin Dai
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Chendi Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Jiayao Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Weikang Yan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Maowen Luo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Juane Dong
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiulian Li
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, 264003, China
| | - Xuebo Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Ying Lan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
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12
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Zhou N, Cao Y, Luo Y, Wang L, Li R, Di H, Gu T, Cao Y, Zeng T, Zhu J, Chen L, An D, Ma Y, Xu W, Tian Y, Lu L. The Effects of Resveratrol and Apigenin on Jejunal Oxidative Injury in Ducks and on Immortalized Duck Intestinal Epithelial Cells Exposed to H 2O 2. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:611. [PMID: 38790716 PMCID: PMC11117746 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress increases the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells and impairs intestinal epithelial cell renewal, which further promotes intestinal barrier dysfunction and even death. Extensive evidence supports that resveratrol and apigenin have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative properties. Here, we investigated the ability of these two compounds to alleviate diquat-induced jejunal oxidative stress and morphological injury, using the duck as a model, as well as the effects of apigenin on oxidative stress induced by H2O2 in immortalized duck intestinal epithelial cells (IDECs). Ducks were randomly assigned to the following four groups, with five replicates: a control (CON) group, a diquat-challenged (DIQ) group, a resveratrol (500 mg/kg) + diquat (RES) group, and an apigenin (500 mg/kg) + diquat (API) group. We found that serum catalase (CAT) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) markedly reduced in the RES and API groups as compared to the DIQ group (p < 0.05); moreover, serum S superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels increased significantly in the API group as compared to the DIQ group (p < 0.05). In jejunal mucosa, the malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the RES and API groups decreased more than that in the DIQ group (p < 0.05). In addition, the jejunal expression levels of the NRF2 and GCLM genes in the RES and API groups increased notably compared with those in the DIQ group (p < 0.05); meanwhile, CAT activity in the RES and API groups was markedly elevated compared with that in the CON group (p < 0.05). In IDECs, apigenin significantly restrained the H2O2-mediated increase in MDA content and decrease in CAT levels (p < 0.05). Furthermore, apigenin increased the protein expression of p-NRF2, NRF2, p-AKT, and p-P38; downregulated that of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9; and reduced the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in H2O2-treated IDECs (p < 0.05). In conclusion, resveratrol and apigenin can be used as natural feed additives to protect against jejunal oxidative stress in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Youwen Luo
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Lihua Wang
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Ruiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Heshuang Di
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tiantian Gu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Yun Cao
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Tao Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Jianping Zhu
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Li Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Dong An
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yue Ma
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
| | - Wenwu Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Yong Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
| | - Lizhi Lu
- College of Pet Sciences, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China; (N.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.W.); (H.D.); (Y.C.); (J.Z.); (D.A.); (Y.M.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Institute of Animal Science & Veterinary, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310000, China; (Y.C.); (R.L.); (T.G.); (T.Z.); (L.C.); (W.X.)
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13
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Jia Y, Zhu G, Qiu C, Lai JM, Shen Y, Jin SW, Yang X, Zhu HP, Hu BC, Ye XM, Mo SJ. Pellino1 orchestrates gut-kidney axis to perpetuate septic acute kidney injury through activation of STING pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome. Life Sci 2024; 345:122604. [PMID: 38580196 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Intestinal barrier dysfunction is the initial and propagable factor of sepsis in which acute kidney injury (AKI) has been considered as a common life-threatening complication. Our recent study identifies the regulatory role of Pellino1 in tubular death under inflammatory conditions in vitro. The objective of our current study is to explore the impact of Pellino1 on gut-kidney axis during septic AKI and uncover the molecular mechanism (s) underlying this process. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was conducted to evaluate Pellino1 and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) levels in renal biopsies from critically ill patients with a clinical diagnosis of sepsis. Functional and mechanistic studies were characterized in septic models of the Peli-knockout (Peli1-/-) mice by histopathological staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, biochemical detection, CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and intestinal organoid. KEY FINDINGS Pellino1, together with NLRP3, are highly expressed in renal biopsies from critically ill patients diagnosed with sepsis and kidney tissues of septic mice. The Peli1-/- mice with sepsis become less prone to develop AKI and have markedly compromised NLRP3 activation in kidney. Loss of Peli1 endows septic mice refractory to intestinal inflammation, barrier permeability and enterocyte apoptosis that requires stimulator of interferons genes (STING) pathway. Administration of STING agonist DMXAA deteriorates AKI and mortality of septic Peli1-/- mice in the presence of kidney-specific NLRP3 reconstitution. SIGNIFICANCE Our studies suggest that Pellino1 has a principal role in orchestrating gut homeostasis towards renal pathophysiology, thus providing a potential therapeutic target for septic AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, PR China
| | - Ge Zhu
- Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Cheng Qiu
- Department of Ultrasound in Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Jun-Mei Lai
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Intensive Rehabilitation Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Ye Shen
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Intensive Rehabilitation Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shu-Wen Jin
- Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xue Yang
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Hai-Ping Zhu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Bang-Chuan Hu
- Emergency and Intensive Care Unit Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Xiang-Ming Ye
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Intensive Rehabilitation Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China; Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation & Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China
| | - Shi-Jing Mo
- Center for Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Intensive Rehabilitation Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China; Emergency and Intensive Care Unit Center, Intensive Care Unit, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310014, Zhejiang, PR China.
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14
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Vital KD, Pires LO, Gallotti B, Silva JL, Lima de Jesus LC, Alvarez-Leite JI, Ferreira Ê, de Carvalho Azevedo VA, Santos Martins F, Nascimento Cardoso V, Antunes Fernandes SO. Atorvastatin attenuates intestinal mucositis induced by 5-fluorouracil in mice by modulating the epithelial barrier and inflammatory response. J Chemother 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38711347 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2024.2345027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is a major side effect of cancer treatment. Statins are 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme reductase inhibitors used to treat hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that atorvastatin (ATV) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and resulting from the regulation of different molecular pathways. In the present study, we investigated the effects of ATV on intestinal homeostasis in 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis. Our results showed that ATV protected the intestinal mucosa from epithelial damage caused by 5-FU mainly due to inflammatory infiltrate and intestinal permeability reduction, downregulation of inflammatory markers, such as Tlr4, MyD88, NF-κB, Tnf-a, Il1β, and Il6 dose-dependent. ATV also improved epithelial barrier function by upregulating the mRNA transcript levels of mucin 2 (MUC2), and ZO-1 and occludin tight junction proteins. The results suggest that the ATV anti-inflammatory and protective effects on 5-FU-induced mice mucositis involve the inhibition of the TLR4/MYD88/NPRL3/NF-κB, iNos, and caspase 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia Duarte Vital
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luiz Octavio Pires
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallotti
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Janayne Luihan Silva
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Cláudio Lima de Jesus
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Ênio Ferreira
- Departamento de Patologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Vasco Ariston de Carvalho Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Flaviano Santos Martins
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Valbert Nascimento Cardoso
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Simone Odília Antunes Fernandes
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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15
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Bai M, Wang X, Liu D, Xu A, Cheng H, Li L, Zhang C. Tolypocladium sinense Mycelium Polysaccharide Alleviates Obesity, Lipid Metabolism Disorder, and Inflammation Caused by High Fat Diet via Improving Intestinal Barrier and Modulating Gut Microbiota. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300759. [PMID: 38651284 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Tolypocladium sinense is a fungus isolated from Cordyceps. Cordyceps has some medicinal value and is also a daily health care product. This study explores the preventive effects of T. sinense mycelium polysaccharide (TSMP) on high-fat diet-induced obesity and chronic inflammation in mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Here, the study establishes an obese mouse model induced by high-fat diet. In this study, the mice are administered TSMP daily basis to evaluate its effect on alleviating obesity. The results show that TSMP can significantly inhibit obesity and alleviate dyslipidemia by regulating the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes such as liver kinase B1 (LKB1), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR) in the liver. TSMP can increase the protein expression of zona occludens-1 (ZO-1), Occludin, and Claudin-1 in the colon, improve the intestinal barrier dysfunction, and reduce the level of serum LPS, thereby reducing the inflammatory response. 16S rDNA sequencing shows that TSMP alters the intestinal microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of Akkermansia, Lactobacillus, and Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, while decreasing the relative abundance of Faecalibaculum. CONCLUSION The findings show that TSMP can inhibit obesity and alleviates obesity-related lipid metabolism disorders, inflammatory responses, and oxidative stress by modulating the gut microbiota and improving intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjian Bai
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Xiaolong Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Dongyang Liu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150040, China
| | - Aofeng Xu
- Special Medical Service Department Section Four, People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force, Characteristics Medical Center, Beijing, 100000, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Qiqihar Medical University Clinical Department, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
| | - Chunjing Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang, 161006, China
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16
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Fan L, Zhu X, Zhang D, Li D, Zhang C. In vitro digestion properties of Laiyang pear residue polysaccharides and it counteracts DSS-induced gut injury in mice via modulating gut inflammation, gut microbiota and intestinal barrier. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131482. [PMID: 38599423 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the dynamic changes in the physicochemical properties of Laiyang pear residue polysaccharide (LPP) during in vitro digestion, as well as its protective effect on the intestines. Monosaccharide composition and molecular weight analysis showed that there was no significant change in LPP during the oral digestion stage. However, during the gastric and intestinal digestion stages, the glycosidic bonds of LPP were broken, leading to the dissociation of large molecular aggregates and a significant increase in reducing sugar content (CR) accompanied by a decrease in molecular weight. In addition, LPP exerted the intestinal protective ability via inhibiting gut inflammation, improving intestinal barrier, and regulating intestinal flora in DSS-induced mice. Specifically, LPP mitigated DSS-induced intestinal pathological damage of mice via enhancing intestinal barrier integrity and upregulating expressions of TJ proteins, and suppressed inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB signaling axis. Furthermore, LPP decreased the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes, increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, and altered the diversity and the composition of gut microbiota in DSS-induced mice. Therefore, LPP had the potential to be a functional food that improved gut microbiota environment to enhance health and prevent diseases, such as a prebiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqing Fan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyang Zhu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dexi Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Human Health in Universities of Shandong, Taian 271018, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Ahmad A, Mahmood N, Raza MA, Mushtaq Z, Saeed F, Afzaal M, Hussain M, Amjad HW, Al-Awadi HM. Gut microbiota and their derivatives in the progression of colorectal cancer: Mechanisms of action, genome and epigenome contributions. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29495. [PMID: 38655310 PMCID: PMC11035079 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota interacts with host epithelial cells and regulates many physiological functions such as genetics, epigenetics, metabolism of nutrients, and immune functions. Dietary factors may also be involved in the etiology of colorectal cancer (CRC), especially when an unhealthy diet is consumed with excess calorie intake and bad practices like smoking or consuming a great deal of alcohol. Bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF), and Escherichia coli (E. coli) actively participate in the carcinogenesis of CRC. Gastrointestinal tract with chronic inflammation and immunocompromised patients are at high risk for CRC progression. Further, the gut microbiota is also involved in Geno-toxicity by producing toxins like colibactin and cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) which cause damage to double-stranded DNA. Specific microRNAs can act as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on the cellular environment in which they are expressed. The current review mainly highlights the role of gut microbiota in CRC, the mechanisms of several factors in carcinogenesis, and the role of particular microbes in colorectal neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awais Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Nasir Mahmood
- Department of Zoology, University of Central Punjab Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahtisham Raza
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zarina Mushtaq
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Science, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Wasiqe Amjad
- International Medical School, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi, China
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18
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Leser T, Baker A. Molecular Mechanisms of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus, LGG ® Probiotic Function. Microorganisms 2024; 12:794. [PMID: 38674738 PMCID: PMC11051730 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
To advance probiotic research, a comprehensive understanding of bacterial interactions with human physiology at the molecular and cellular levels is fundamental. Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG® is a bacterial strain that has long been recognized for its beneficial effects on human health. Probiotic effector molecules derived from LGG®, including secreted proteins, surface-anchored proteins, polysaccharides, and lipoteichoic acids, which interact with host physiological processes have been identified. In vitro and animal studies have revealed that specific LGG® effector molecules stimulate epithelial cell survival, preserve intestinal barrier integrity, reduce oxidative stress, mitigate excessive mucosal inflammation, enhance IgA secretion, and provide long-term protection through epigenetic imprinting. Pili on the cell surface of LGG® promote adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and ensure close contact to host cells. Extracellular vesicles produced by LGG® recapitulate many of these effects through their cargo of effector molecules. Collectively, the effector molecules of LGG® exert a significant influence on both the gut mucosa and immune system, which promotes intestinal homeostasis and immune tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Leser
- Future Labs, Human Health Biosolutions, Novonesis, Kogle Alle 6, 2970 Hoersholm, Denmark;
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Li H, Li H, Stanton C, Ross RP, Zhao J, Chen W, Yang B. Exopolysaccharides Produced by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum YS108R Ameliorates DSS-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Improving the Gut Barrier and Regulating the Gut Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7055-7073. [PMID: 38520351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a major disease that has endangered human health. Our previous study demonstrated that Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum YS108R, a ropy exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing bacterium, could alleviate UC in mice, but it is unclear whether EPS is the key substance responsible for its action. In this study, we proposed to investigate the remitting effect of EPS from B. longum subsp. longum YS108R on UC in a DSS-induced UC mouse model. Water extraction and alcohol precipitation were applied to extract EPS from the supernatant of B. longum subsp. longum YS108R culture. Then the animal trial was performed, and the results indicated that YS108R EPS ameliorated colonic pathological damage and the intestinal barrier. YS108R EPS suppressed inflammation via NF-κB signaling pathway inhibition and attenuated oxidative stress via the Nrf2 signaling pathway activation. Remarkably, YS108R EPS regulated gut microbiota, as evidenced by an increase in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and a decline in Gram-negative bacteria, resulting in an increase of propionate and butyrate and a reduction of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Collectively, YS108R EPS manipulated the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites, which further improved the intestinal barrier and inhibited inflammation and oxidative stress, thereby alleviating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Haitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Catherine Stanton
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
- Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Cork P61 C996, Ireland
| | - R Paul Ross
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork T12 K8AF, Ireland
| | - Jianxin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- International Joint Research Center for Probiotics & Gut Health, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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Kim YY, Hur G, Jang HJ, Jeong S, Lee SW, Lee SJ, Rho MC, Kim SH, Lee S. Ferulic Acid Derivatives Ameliorate Intestine Barrier Destruction by Alleviating Inflammatory Responses in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Inflammatory Bowel Disease. TOXICS 2024; 12:268. [PMID: 38668491 PMCID: PMC11055104 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12040268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a chronic disorder affecting the colon and rectum, involves the overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines causing damage to tight junctions (TJ) in the intestinal epithelial cells and chronic inflammation. The current mainstay of treatment, sulfasalazine, often causes adverse effects, thereby necessitating the exploration of alternative herbal medicines with fewer side effects. Portulaca oleracea L. (P. oleracea), a traditional medicinal herb, contains feruloyl amide compounds. We synthesized new compounds by conjugating ferulic acid (FA) with (±)-octopamine. Our study focused on novel FA derivatives that demonstrate protective effects against the intestinal epithelial barrier and inflammatory responses. In lipopolysaccharide-induced cells, C1 and C1a inhibited the production of inflammatory mediators. In Caco-2 cells, these compounds maintained the TJ protein expression, thereby demonstrating their protective effects on the epithelial barrier. In a mouse model of dextran sulfate sodium-induced IBD, a treatment with these compounds ameliorated features including a body weight reduction, colon shortening, an increased disease activity index, and histopathological changes. Furthermore, C1a demonstrated greater efficacy than C1 at the same concentration. These findings suggest that the novel FA derivative (C1a) effectively alleviates clinical signs and inflammatory mediators in IBD, making these compounds potential candidates as natural medicines for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Yong Kim
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Gayeong Hur
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Hyun-Jae Jang
- Natural Product Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju 28116, Republic of Korea;
| | - Seungwon Jeong
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Seung Woong Lee
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Seung-Jae Lee
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Mun-Chual Rho
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
| | - Sang-Hyun Kim
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoung Lee
- Functional Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (Y.-Y.K.); (G.H.); (S.J.); (S.W.L.); (S.-J.L.); (M.-C.R.)
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Wang L, Zhang D, Jiang B, Ding H, Feng S, Zhao C, Wang X, Wu J. 4-Phenylbutyric Acid Attenuates Soybean Glycinin/β-Conglycinin-Induced IPEC-J2 Cells Apoptosis by Regulating the Mitochondria-Associated Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane and NLRP-3. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:5926-5934. [PMID: 38457471 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Glycinin (11S) and β-conglycinin (7S) from soybean (glycine max) cause diarrhea and intestinal barrier damage in young animals. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the damage caused by 7S and 11S, it is vital to develop strategies to eliminate allergenicity. Consequently, we investigated 7S/11S-mediated apoptosis in porcine intestinal epithelial (IPEC-J2) cells. IPEC-J2 cells suffered endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in response to 7S and 11S, activating protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, activating transcription factor 6, C/EBP homologous protein, and inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) treatment alleviated ERS; reduced the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-18 levels; inhibited apoptosis; increased mitofusin 2 expression; and mitigated Ca2+ overload and mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM) dysfunction, thereby ameliorating IPEC-J2 injury. We demonstrated the pivotal role of ERS in MAM dysfunction and 7S- and 11S-mediated apoptosis, providing insights into 7S- and 11S-mediated intestinal barrier injury prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Daoliang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Benzheng Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Hongyan Ding
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Shibin Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Xichun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Jinjie Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230061, China
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Wu W, Pan Y, Zheng T, Sun H, Li X, Zhu H, Wang Z, Zhou X. Limonin alleviates high-fat diet-induced dyslipidemia by regulating the intestinal barrier via the microbiota-related ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway. Food Funct 2024; 15:2679-2692. [PMID: 38375746 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04530g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced dyslipidemia is frequently accompanied by gut microbiota dysbiosis and a compromised gut barrier. Enhancing the intestinal barrier function emerges as a potential therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia. The ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway, which responds to dietary and microbial signals, has not only attracted attention for its crucial role in maintaining the intestinal barrier, but recent reports have also suggested its potential in regulating lipid metabolism. Limonin is derived from the Chinese herb Evodiae fructus, which has shown potential in ameliorating dysbiosis of serum lipids. However, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Consequently, targeting the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway to enhance intestinal barrier function holds promise as a therapeutic approach for dyslipidemia. In this study, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a 16-week HFD to induce dyslipidemia and concurrently administered oral limonin. We discovered that limonin supplementation dramatically reduced serum lipid profiles in HFD-fed mice, significantly curbing HFD-induced weight gain and epididymal fat accumulation. Ileal histopathological evaluation indicated limonin's ameliorative effects on HFD-induced intestinal barrier impairment. Limonin also moderated the intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, which is characterized by the elevation of Firmicutes in HFD mice, and notably amplified the abundance of probiotic Lactobacillus. In addition, supported by flow cytometry and other analyses, we observed that limonin upregulated the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway, enhancing phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), thereby reducing lipid transporter expression. In conclusion, our study revealed that limonin exerted a promising preventive effect against HFD-induced dyslipidemia by the mitigation of the intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiota, and its mechanism was related to the upregulation of the ILC3-IL22-IL22R pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangling Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yingying Pan
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Tianyan Zheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Haoyi Sun
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xia Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Xin Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Liao T, Shen F, Zhu H, Mu W, Qian H, Liu Y. Extracellular polysaccharides from Sporidiobolus pararoseus alleviates rheumatoid through ameliorating gut barrier function and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129436. [PMID: 38228197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is becoming a prevalent autoimmune disease affecting people worldwide, necessitating the exploration of novel therapeutic approaches due to the associated adverse effects of conventional therapeutic drugs. Sporidiobolus pararoseus polysaccharide (SPP) has been shown to exhibit significant immune stimulation and antioxidant activities. In this study, we constructed a mouse model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of SPP intervention on RA. Results showed that SPP intervention alleviated the degree of ankle swelling, joint histopathologic changes, joint pathological score and the expression of serum-associated inflammatory mediators (such as IL-1β and IL-6). 16S rRNA sequencing results indicated that SPP intervention significantly remodeled the intestinal microbiota composition. In particular, SPP intervention significantly increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria (Parabacteroides, Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group) with the potential to degrade fungal polysaccharides or produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The production of SCFAs (especially acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid) indeed increased significantly. These SCFAs played an important role in maintaining intestinal barrier function and regulating immune homeostasis, which helped reduce inflammatory responses and alleviate the symptoms of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Fanglin Shen
- Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214126, PR China
| | - Hongkang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - Wenlida Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, No.1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214122, PR China.
| | - Yu Liu
- Wuxi 9th People's Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Wuxi, Jiangsu Province 214062, PR China.
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Peng Y, Huang Y, Li H, Li C, Wu Y, Wang X, Wang Q, He J, Miao C. Associations between rheumatoid arthritis and intestinal flora, with special emphasis on RA pathologic mechanisms to treatment strategies. Microb Pathog 2024; 188:106563. [PMID: 38331355 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease that primarily affects the joints. Individuals at risk for RA and people with RA develop intestinal dysbiosis. The changes in intestinal flora composition in preclinical and confirmed RA patients suggest that intestinal flora imbalance may play an important role in the induction and persistence of RA. METHODS Based on the current research on the interaction between RA and intestinal microbiota, intestinal microbiota metabolites and intestinal barrier changes. This paper systematically summarized the changes in intestinal microbiota in RA patients, the metabolites of intestinal flora, and the influence mechanism of intestinal barrier on RA, and further discussed the influence of drugs for RA on intestinal flora and its mechanism of action. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, α diversity analysis of intestinal flora showed no significant difference, β diversity analysis showed significant differences. The intestinal flora produces bioactive metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids and aromatic amino acids, which have anti-inflammatory effects. Abnormal intestinal flora leads to impaired barrier function and mucosal immune dysfunction, promoting the development of inflammation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and chemical drugs can also alleviate RA by regulating intestinal flora, intestinal flora metabolites, and intestinal barrier. Intestinal flora is closely related to the pathogenesis of RA and may become potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of RA. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal flora and its metabolites play an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases such as RA, and are expected to become a new target for clinical diagnosis and treatment, providing a new idea for targeted treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yurong Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yajie Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaomei Wang
- Department of Humanistic Nursing, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Preparation, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Fengyang, Anhui, China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Gynecology, Anhui Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Chenggui Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Zhao BC, Wang TH, Chen J, Qiu BH, Xu YR, Li JL. Essential oils improve nursery pigs' performance and appetite via modulation of intestinal health and microbiota. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 16:174-188. [PMID: 38357573 PMCID: PMC10864218 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Optimal intestinal health and functionality are essential for animal health and performance, and simultaneously intestinal nutrient transporters and intestinal peptides are also involved in appetite and feed intake control mechanisms. Given the potential of essential oil (EO) in improving animal performance and improving feed palatability, we hypothesized that dietary supplementation of cinnamaldehyde and carvacrol could improve performance and appetite of nursery pigs by modulating intestinal health and microbiota. Cinnamaldehyde (100 mg/kg), carvacrol (100 mg/kg), and their mixtures (including 50 mg/kg cinnamaldehyde and 50 mg/kg carvacrol) were supplemented into the diets of 240 nursery pigs for 42 d, and data related to performance were measured. Thereafter, the influence of EO on intestinal health, appetite and gut microbiota and their correlations were explored. EO supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the body weight, average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of piglets, and reduced (P < 0.05) diarrhea rates in nursery pigs. Furthermore, EO increased (P < 0.05) the intestinal absorption area and the abundance of tight junction proteins, and decreased (P < 0.05) intestinal permeability and local inflammation. In terms of intestinal development and the mucus barrier, EO promoted intestinal development and increased (P < 0.05) the number of goblet cells. Additionally, we found that piglets in the EO-supplemented group had upregulated (P < 0.05) levels of transporters and digestive enzymes in the intestine, which were significantly associated with daily gain and feed utilization. In addition, EO supplementation somewhat improved appetite in nursery pigs, increased the diversity of the gut microbiome and the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and there was a correlation between altered bacterial structure and appetite-related hormones. These findings indicate that EO is effective in promoting growth performance and nutrient absorption as well as in regulating appetite by improving intestinal health and bacterial structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi-Chen Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Tian-Hao Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Bai-Hao Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ya-Ru Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Laboratory Animals and Comparative Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
- Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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Becker HE, Kameli N, Rustichelli A, Heijnens BA, Stassen FR, Penders J, Jonkers DM. In vitro mucin degradation and paracellular permeability by fecal water from Crohn's disease patients. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:335-347. [PMID: 38470403 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2022-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to examine the impact of fecal water (FW) of active and remissive Crohn's disease (CD) patients on mucin degradation and epithelial barrier function. Methods: FW and bacterial membrane vesicles (MVs) were isolated from fresh fecal samples of six healthy controls (HCs) and 12 CD patients. Bacterial composition was determined by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Results: In vitro FW-induced mucin degradation was higher in CD samples versus HC (p < 0.01), but not associated with specific bacterial genera. FW of three remissive samples decreased transepithelial electrical resistance in Caco-2 cells by 78-87% (p < 0.001). MVs did not induce barrier alterations. Conclusion: The higher mucin-degradation capacity of CD-derived FW might suggest contributions of microbial products to CD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Ef Becker
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Division of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nader Kameli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Britt Am Heijnens
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Division of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Rm Stassen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John Penders
- Department of Medical Microbiology, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Caphri School for Public Health & Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daisy Mae Jonkers
- Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Division of Internal Medicine, NUTRIM School of Nutrition & Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Herrnreiter CJ, Luck ME, Cannon AR, Li X, Choudhry MA. Reduced Expression of miR-146a Potentiates Intestinal Inflammation following Alcohol and Burn Injury. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:881-893. [PMID: 38189569 PMCID: PMC10922766 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that negatively regulate gene expression. Within the intestinal epithelium, miRNAs play a critical role in gut homeostasis, and aberrant miRNA expression has been implicated in various disorders associated with intestinal inflammation and barrier disruption. In this study, we sought to profile changes in intestinal epithelial cell miRNA expression after alcohol and burn injury and elucidate their impact on inflammation and barrier integrity. Using a mouse model of acute ethanol intoxication and burn injury, we found that small intestinal epithelial cell expression of miR-146a is significantly decreased 1 d following injury. Using in vitro studies, we show that reduced miR-146a promotes intestinal epithelial cell inflammation by promoting p38 MAPK signaling via increased levels of its target TRAF6 (TNFR-associated factor 6). Furthermore, we demonstrate that in vivo miR-146a overexpression significantly inhibits intestinal inflammation 1 d following combined injury and potentially supports intestinal barrier homeostasis. Overall, this study highlights the important impact that miRNA expression can have on intestinal homeostasis and the valuable potential of harnessing aberrant miRNA expression as a therapeutic target to control intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline J. Herrnreiter
- Biochemistry, Molecular and Cancer Biology Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Marisa E. Luck
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Abigail R. Cannon
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Mashkoor A. Choudhry
- Burn & Shock Trauma Research Institute, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Alcohol Research Program, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Surgery, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago Health Sciences Division, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
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Yang YH, Chen C, Zheng Y, Wu ZJ, Zhou MQ, Liu XY, Miyashita K, Duan DL, Du L. Fucoxanthin Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4142-4154. [PMID: 38355398 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preventive role and underlying mechanisms of fucoxanthin (Fx) on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. The present data demonstrated that oral administration of Fx (50 and 200 mg/kg body weight/day) for 36 days significantly alleviated the severity of colitis in DSS-treated mice, as evidenced by attenuating body weight loss, bloody stool, diarrhea, shortened colon length, colonic epithelium distortion, a thin mucus layer, goblet cell depletion, damaged crypts, and extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colonic mucosa. Additionally, Fx notably relieved DSS-induced intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction via maintaining the tight junction function and preventing excessive apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells. Moreover, Fx effectively diminished colonic inflammation and oxidative stress in DSS-treated mice, and its mechanisms might be due to blunting the activation of NF-κB and NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathways. Furthermore, Fx also modulates DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via recovering the richness and diversity of gut microbiota and reshaping the structure of gut microbiota, such as increasing the Firmicutes and Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio and elevating the relative abundance of some potential beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Overall, Fx might be developed as a promising functional ingredient to prevent colitis and maintain intestinal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hong Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), No. 3501 Daxue Road, Jinan, Shandong 250353, China
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., No. 259 Pinghai East Road, Rongcheng City, Shandong 264300, China
| | - Chen Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Zi-Jian Wu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
| | - Meng-Qing Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., No. 259 Pinghai East Road, Rongcheng City, Shandong 264300, China
| | - Kazuo Miyashita
- Center for Industry-University Collaboration, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
| | - De-Lin Duan
- Key Lab of Breeding Biotechnology & Sustainable Aquaculture, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, No. 168 Wenhai Middle Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Lei Du
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 44 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital, Shandong University, No. 105 Jiefang Road, Jinan, Shandong 250013, China
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29
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Stepanova M, Aherne CM. Adenosine in Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function. Cells 2024; 13:381. [PMID: 38474346 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
At the intestinal front, several lines of defense are in place to resist infection and injury, the mucus layer, gut microbiome and strong epithelial junctions, to name a few. Their collaboration creates a resilient barrier. In intestinal disorders, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), barrier function is compromised, which results in rampant inflammation and tissue injury. In response to the destruction, the intestinal epithelium releases adenosine, a small but powerful nucleoside that functions as an alarm signal. Amidst the chaos of inflammation, adenosine aims to restore order. Within the scope of its effects is the ability to regulate intestinal epithelial barrier integrity. This review aims to define the contributions of adenosine to mucus production, microbiome-dependent barrier protection, tight junction dynamics, chloride secretion and acid-base balance to reinforce its importance in the intestinal epithelial barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya Stepanova
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Carol M Aherne
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Worledge CS, Kostelecky RE, Zhou L, Bhagavatula G, Colgan SP, Lee JS. Allopurinol Disrupts Purine Metabolism to Increase Damage in Experimental Colitis. Cells 2024; 13:373. [PMID: 38474337 PMCID: PMC10930830 DOI: 10.3390/cells13050373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is marked by a state of chronic energy deficiency that limits gut tissue wound healing. This energy shortfall is partially due to microbiota dysbiosis, resulting in the loss of microbiota-derived metabolites, which the epithelium relies on for energy procurement. The role of microbiota-sourced purines, such as hypoxanthine, as substrates salvaged by the colonic epithelium for nucleotide biogenesis and energy balance, has recently been appreciated for homeostasis and wound healing. Allopurinol, a synthetic hypoxanthine isomer commonly prescribed to treat excess uric acid in the blood, inhibits the degradation of hypoxanthine by xanthine oxidase, but also inhibits purine salvage. Although the use of allopurinol is common, studies regarding how allopurinol influences the gastrointestinal tract during colitis are largely nonexistent. In this work, a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to dissect the relationship between allopurinol, allopurinol metabolites, and colonic epithelial metabolism and function in health and during disease. Of particular significance, the in vivo investigation identified that a therapeutically relevant allopurinol dose shifts adenylate and creatine metabolism, leading to AMPK dysregulation and disrupted proliferation to attenuate wound healing and increased tissue damage in murine experimental colitis. Collectively, these findings underscore the importance of purine salvage on cellular metabolism and gut health in the context of IBD and provide insight regarding the use of allopurinol in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey S. Worledge
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Rachael E. Kostelecky
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Liheng Zhou
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Geetha Bhagavatula
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
| | - Sean P. Colgan
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - J. Scott Lee
- Mucosal Inflammation Program, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; (C.S.W.); (R.E.K.); (L.Z.); (G.B.); (S.P.C.)
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崔 艺, 王 德, 谢 东, 王 海, 徐 睿, 唐 潇, 张 印. [Efficacy of navel application of Jianpiwenyang Gel for chronic diarrhea of spleen and stomach weakness type: a randomized controlled trial and analysis of the mechanism]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2024; 44:217-225. [PMID: 38501406 PMCID: PMC10954536 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2024.02.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy of Jianpiwenyang Gel (SSWYG) for treating chronic diarrhea and explore its therapeutic mechanism. METHODS Eighty patients with chronic diarrhea of spleen and stomach weakness type were randomized into two groups for interventions with lifestyle adjustment and treatment with bifid triple viable capsules (control group, n=40) or naval application with SSWYG (treatment group, n=40) for one week, after which symptoms of chronic diarrhea were evaluated. The Chinese medicine system pharmacology analysis platform (TCMSP), GeneCards, NCBI, OMIM database and GEO database (GSE14841) were used to obtain the active ingredients and target proteins of SSWYG and chronic diarrhea-related targets. The key targets were obtained by topological analysis for Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG analyses. The affinity and binding characteristics of SSWYG for specific targets were verified by molecular docking using AutoDock software. RESULTS In both groups, gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS), Bristol Scale and TCM syndrome scores significantly improved after the treatments (P < 0.05), and better effects were observed in the treatment group (P < 0.05). Sixtyeight targets of SSWYG in treating chronic diarrhea were obtained, and 33 most probable ones were screened out by topological analysis. GO and KEGG analyses identified several chronic diarrhea-related pathways including the TNF and IL-17 pathways. Molecular docking study showed good affinity of the core components of SSWYG for the key targets CASP3, JNK, IL1B, IL6, and AKT1. JUN and CASP3 had the lowest binding energy and the highest stable binding energy with multiple major active ingredients of SSWYG. CONCLUSION SSWYG can significantly improve clinical symptoms of chronic diarrhea possibly by regulating the TNF and IL-17 as well as other pathways via CASP3 and JUN, suggesting a complex therapeutic mechanism of SSWYG involving multiple ingredients and targets and coordinated regulation of multiple pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- 艺馨 崔
- 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心中医医学部,北京 100853Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Sixth Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 德财 王
- 航天中心医院,北京 100049Second Outpatient Department, Aerospace Center Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
| | - 东晴 谢
- 中国人民解放军总医院第一医学中心超声科,北京 100853Department of Ultrasound of the First Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 海明 王
- 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心中医医学部,北京 100853Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Sixth Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 睿鑫 徐
- 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心中医医学部,北京 100853Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Sixth Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 潇然 唐
- 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心中医医学部,北京 100853Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Sixth Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - 印 张
- 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心中医医学部,北京 100853Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the Sixth Clinical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
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32
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Bu L, Li Y, Wang C, Jiang Y, Suo H. Preventive effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601 and its postbiotic elements on dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis in mice. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1342705. [PMID: 38374921 PMCID: PMC10876090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1342705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Microbial-based therapies are one of the hotspots in the field of ulcerative colitis research. The lactic acid bacteria and their postbiotics occupy a key position in microbial therapies, however, the mechanism by which they alleviate ulcerative colitis in mice is unknown. We investigated the effects of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 2016SWU.05.0601 (Lr-0601) and its postbiotics on male Kunming mice with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC). The results showed that Lr-0601 significantly alleviated the deterioration of UC and restored the expression of intestinal mechanical barrier proteins. In addition, Lr-0601 significantly reduced the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the body and regulated the expression of key regulatory genes of the NF-κB-iNOS/COX-2 signaling pathway in colon tissues to a large extent. Our results suggest that supplementation with Lr-0601 and its postbiotics can effectively prevent DSS-induced UC and have a beneficial effect on intestinal health, which also provides new insights and research bases for the prevention as well as the treatment of ulcerative colitis and other diseases related to intestinal barrier dysfunction and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linli Bu
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chen Wang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Modern “Chuan Cai Yu Wei” Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhang Jiang
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huayi Suo
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Modern “Chuan Cai Yu Wei” Food Industry Innovation Research Institute, Chongqing, China
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Sardelli L, Campanile M, Boeri L, Donnaloja F, Fanizza F, Perottoni S, Petrini P, Albani D, Giordano C. A novel on-a-chip system with a 3D-bioinspired gut mucus suitable to investigate bacterial endotoxins dynamics. Mater Today Bio 2024; 24:100898. [PMID: 38204482 PMCID: PMC10776420 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The possible pathogenic impact of pro-inflammatory molecules produced by the gut microbiota is one of the hypotheses considered at the basis of the biomolecular dialogue governing the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Among these molecules, lipopolysaccharides (LPS) produced by Gram-negative gut microbiota strains may have a potential key role due to their toxic effects in both the gut and the brain. In this work, we engineered a new dynamic fluidic system, the MINERVA device (MI-device), with the potential to advance the current knowledge of the biological mechanisms regulating the microbiota-gut molecular crosstalk. The MI-device supported the growth of bacteria that are part of the intestinal microbiota under dynamic conditions within a 3D moving mucus model, with features comparable to the physiological conditions (storage modulus of 80 ± 19 Pa, network mesh size of 41 ± 3 nm), without affecting their viability (∼ 109 bacteria/mL). The integration of a fluidically optimized and user-friendly design with a bioinspired microenvironment enabled the sterile extraction and quantification of the LPS produced within the mucus by bacteria (from 423 ± 34 ng/mL to 1785 ± 91 ng/mL). Compatibility with commercially available Transwell-like inserts allows the user to precisely control the transport phenomena that occur between the two chambers by selecting the pore density of the insert membrane without changing the design of the system. The MI-device is able to provide the flow of sterile medium enriched with LPS directly produced by bacteria, opening up the possibility of studying the effects of bacteria-derived molecules on cells in depth, as well as the assessment and characterization of their effects in a physiological or pathological scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Sardelli
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - M. Campanile
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - L. Boeri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Donnaloja
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - F. Fanizza
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - S. Perottoni
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - P. Petrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - D. Albani
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - C. Giordano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering ‘Giulio Natta,’ Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Liu Y, Liu G, Fang J. Progress on the mechanisms of Lactobacillus plantarum to improve intestinal barrier function in ulcerative colitis. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 124:109505. [PMID: 37890709 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, non-specific inflammatory sickness of the intestinal tract, chiefly implicating the rectum and colon, which is characterized by chronic or subacute diarrhea, mucopurulent stools, and abdominal pain. The pathogeny of UC is still uncertain, and it is thought that multiple factors interact to cause the disease, such as environment, genetics, gut microbes, and immunity. Injuring the intestinal barrier is one of the most significant features of UC and includes mechanical, chemical, immune, and biological barriers. Plenty of research has shown that probiotics, as profitable bacteria in the gut, can play a prominent role in the treatment of UC by improving gut barrier function and modulating gut immunity. Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum), a common probiotic, has made outstanding contributions to food and medicine, and many studies in recent years have shown that L. plantarum has great preventive and therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis and restores the intestinal barrier. This paper reviews the mechanisms of L. plantarum for improving the intestinal barrier function of UC organisms, mainly including regulating the immune response, inhibiting oxidative stress, raising the expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, promoting the formation of mucin, improving the composition of gut flora, and raising the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which offers some help for the clinical therapy of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yihui Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
| | - Jun Fang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Applied Microbial Resources Development for Livestock and Poultry, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha, Hunan 410128, China.
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Wang Y, Zhang B, Liu S, Xu E, Wang Z. The traditional herb Sargentodoxa cuneata alleviates DSS-induced colitis by attenuating epithelial barrier damage via blocking necroptotic signaling. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117373. [PMID: 37923253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese herb, Sargentodoxa cuneata, is primarily utilized as a crucial herb for managing ulcerative colitis (UC), also known as "Da Xue Teng (DXT)" or "Hong Teng" in Chinese. Nevertheless, the chemical composition, prototype, and metabolite constituents of DXT and its pharmacological mechanism of treatment for UC remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Necroptosis, a caspase-independent form of programmed cell death, plays a crucial role in the inflammatory pathogenesis of UC. The occurrence of necroptosis in intestinal epithelial cells triggers a robust inflammatory response and disrupts the integrity of both the mucinous barrier and tight junction construction. The objective of our study was to determine the chemical composition of DXT, identify its absorbed active ingredients and metabolites in rat serum, and investigate whether DXT possesses epithelial barrier protective effects by inhibiting necroptosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, the UPLC-Q-TOF/MS was applied to identify the chemical composition of DXT, as well as the absorption components and metabolites of DXT in rat serum. Second, the network pharmacology analysis was further investigated to elucidate the potential targets for treating UC. Finally, the mechanism of action was validated by necroptosis-based experiment in vitro and an in vivo model of colitis. RESULTS A comprehensive analysis revealed the presence of 31 phytochemicals derived from DXT herb, as well as a total of 39 components in rat serum. Network pharmacology analysis indicated that TNF, EGFR, HSP90, etc. are the potential targets. Experimental in vitro and in vivo verified that the DXT could improve disease activity index, body weight, colon length and intestinal barrier permeability in mice with colitis by inhibiting necroptosis of intestinal epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS In this study, the phytochemicals derived from DXT herb and absorption active ingredients and metabolites of DXT in rat serum were analyzed. The biological mechanism of treatment for UC can be elucidated by combining network pharmacology investigation with experimental in vitro and in vivo studies. The findings offered a theoretical basis for comprehending the bioactive substances and the pharmacological process of DXT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 274 Middle Zhijiang Road, Shanghai, 200071, China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Erping Xu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Modern Research on Zhongjing's Herbal Formulae, Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China; Henan Collaborative Innovation Center for Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 East Jinshui Road, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, School of Anesthesiology, Naval Medical University, 168 Changhai Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Yang HT, Jiang ZH, Yang Y, Wu TT, Zheng YY, Ma YT, Xie X. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii as a potential Antiatherosclerotic microbe. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:54. [PMID: 38243314 PMCID: PMC10797727 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in coronary artery disease (CAD) development, but limited attention has been given to the role of the microbiota in preventing this disease. This study aimed to identify key biomarkers using metagenomics and untargeted metabolomics and verify their associations with atherosclerosis. METHODS A total of 371 participants, including individuals with various CAD types and CAD-free controls, were enrolled. Subsequently, significant markers were identified in the stool samples through gut metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. In vivo and in vitro experiments were performed to investigate the mechanisms underlying the association between these markers and atherosclerosis. RESULTS Faecal omics sequencing revealed that individuals with a substantial presence of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii had the lowest incidence of CAD across diverse CAD groups and control subjects. A random forest model confirmed the significant relationship between F. prausnitzii and CAD incidence. Notably, F. prausnitzii emerged as a robust, independent CAD predictor. Furthermore, our findings indicated the potential of the gut microbiota and gut metabolites to predict CAD occurrence and progression, potentially impacting amino acid and vitamin metabolism. F. prausnitzii mitigated inflammation and exhibited an antiatherosclerotic effect on ApoE-/- mice after gavage. This effect was attributed to reduced intestinal LPS synthesis and reinforced mechanical and mucosal barriers, leading to decreased plasma LPS levels and an antiatherosclerotic outcome. CONCLUSIONS Sequencing of the samples revealed a previously unknown link between specific gut microbiota and atherosclerosis. Treatment with F. prausnitzii may help prevent CAD by inhibiting atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Tao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ting-Ting Wu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Ying-Ying Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Yi-Tong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
| | - Xiang Xie
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No.137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830011, China.
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Yao Y, Liu Y, Xu Q, Mao L. Short Chain Fatty Acids: Essential Weapons of Traditional Medicine in Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Molecules 2024; 29:379. [PMID: 38257292 PMCID: PMC10818876 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic and recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease, mainly including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In recent years, the incidence and prevalence of IBD have been on the rise worldwide and have become a significant concern of health and a huge economic burden on patients. The occurrence and development of IBD involve a variety of pathogenic factors. The changes in short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of this disease. SCFAs are important metabolites in the intestinal microbial environment, which are closely involved in regulating immune, anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory activities. Changes in metabolite levels can reflect the homeostasis of the intestinal microflora. Recent studies have shown that SCFAs provide energy for host cells and intestinal microflora, shape the intestinal environment, and regulate the immune system, thereby regulating intestinal physiology. SCFAs can effectively reduce the incidence of enteritis, cardiovascular disease, colon cancer, obesity, and diabetes, and also play an important role in maintaining the balance of energy metabolism (mainly glucose metabolism) and improving insulin tolerance. In recent years, many studies have shown that numerous decoctions and natural compounds of traditional Chinese medicine have shown promising therapeutic activities in multiple animal models of colitis and thus attracted increasing attention from scientists in the study of IBD treatment. Some of these traditional Chinese medicines or compounds can effectively alleviate colonic inflammation and clinical symptoms by regulating the generation of SCFAs. This study reviews the effects of various traditional Chinese medicines or bioactive substances on the production of SCFAs and their potential impacts on the severity of colonic inflammation. On this basis, we discussed the mechanism of SCFAs in regulating IBD-associated inflammation, as well as the related regulatory factors and signaling pathways. In addition, we provide our understanding of the limitations of current research and the prospects for future studies on the development of new IBD therapies by targeting SCFAs. This review may widen our understanding of the effect of traditional medicine from the view of SCFAs and their role in alleviating IBD animal models, thus contributing to the studies of IBD researchers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yongchao Liu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qiuyun Xu
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.L.)
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Nicze M, Borówka M, Dec A, Niemiec A, Bułdak Ł, Okopień B. The Current and Promising Oral Delivery Methods for Protein- and Peptide-Based Drugs. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:815. [PMID: 38255888 PMCID: PMC10815890 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Drugs based on peptides and proteins (PPs) have been widely used in medicine, beginning with insulin therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus over a century ago. Although the oral route of drug administration is the preferred one by the vast majority of patients and improves compliance, medications of this kind due to their specific chemical structure are typically delivered parenterally, which ensures optimal bioavailability. In order to overcome issues connected with oral absorption of PPs such as their instability depending on digestive enzymes and pH changes in the gastrointestinal (GI) system on the one hand, but also their limited permeability across physiological barriers (mucus and epithelium) on the other hand, scientists have been strenuously searching for novel delivery methods enabling peptide and protein drugs (PPDs) to be administered enterally. These include utilization of different nanoparticles, transport channels, substances enhancing permeation, chemical modifications, hydrogels, microneedles, microemulsion, proteolytic enzyme inhibitors, and cell-penetrating peptides, all of which are extensively discussed in this review. Furthermore, this article highlights oral PP therapeutics both previously used in therapy and currently available on the medical market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Nicze
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland (B.O.)
| | | | | | | | - Łukasz Bułdak
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Medyków 18, 40-752 Katowice, Poland (B.O.)
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Wang J, Liu C, Wang SP, Zhang TX, Chen JY, Zhou Q, Hou Y, Yan ZG. BDE-209-induced genotoxicity, intestinal damage and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in zebrafish (Danio Rerio). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167009. [PMID: 37704147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The environmental presence of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) is ubiquitous due to their wide use as brominated flame retardants in industrial products. As a common congener of PBDEs, decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) can pose a health risk to animals as well as humans. However, to date, few studies have explored BDE-209's toxic effects on the intestinal tract, and its relevant mechanism of toxicity has not been elucidated. In this study, adult male zebrafish were exposed to BDE-209 at 6 μg/L, 60 μg/L and 600 μg/L for 28 days, and intestinal tissue and microbial samples were collected for analysis to reveal the underlying toxic mechanisms. Transcriptome sequencing results demonstrated a dose-dependent pattern of substantial gene differential expression in the group exposed to BDE-209, and the differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in pathways related to protein synthesis and processing, redox reaction, and steroid and lipid metabolism. In addition, BDE-209 exposure caused damage to intestinal structure and barrier function, and promoted intestinal oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis and steroid and lipid metabolism disorders. Mechanistically, BDE-209 induced intestinal inflammation by increasing the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β and activating the NFκB signaling pathway, and might induce apoptosis through the p53-Bax/Bcl2-Caspase3 pathway. BDE-209 also significantly inhibited the gene expression of rate-limiting enzymes such as Sqle and 3βhsd (p < 0.05) to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. In addition, BDE-209 induced lipid metabolism disorders through the mTOR/PPARγ/RXRα pathway. 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that BDE-209 stress reduced the richness and diversity of intestinal microbiota, and reduced the abundance of probiotics (e.g., Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium). Overall, the results of this study help to clarify the intestinal response mechanism of BDE-209 exposure, and provide a basis for evaluating the health risks of BDE-209 in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Chen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Shu-Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Tian-Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Jing-Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Quan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China
| | - Yin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China; College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, PR China
| | - Zhen-Guang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, PR China.
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Liang X, Fu Y, Niu K, Zhai Z, Shi H, Wang R, Yin Y. Dietary Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract improves laying performance by altering serum metabolic profiles and gut bacteria in aged laying hens. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:307-319. [PMID: 38053802 PMCID: PMC10694046 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The leaves of Eucommia ulmoides are rich in bioactive constituents that have potential gastrointestinal benefits for animals. In aged laying hens, intestinal health issues contribute to a significant decline in egg-laying capacity during intermediate and later stages. It remains unclear whether E. ulmoides leaf extract (ELE) can improve intestinal health and enhance egg production in elderly laying hens, and the underlying mechanisms are yet to be elucidated. Therefore, we conducted a study with 480 laying hens (65 weeks old) randomly allocated into four groups: a control group fed with the basal diet, and three treatment groups supplemented with 500, 1,000, and 2,000 mg/kg of ELE, respectively. The primary active constituents of ELE include flavonoids, polysaccharides, terpenoids, and phenolic acids. Dietary supplementation with ELE at 1,000 mg/kg (ELE1000) significantly improved laying performance and egg quality compared to the other groups. ELE1000 stimulated the maturation of intestinal epithelial cells, increased villus height, and reduced crypt depth. It also influenced the levels of proteins associated with tight junctions (claudin-1 and claudin-2) and intestinal inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2) in different intestinal sections. Integrative analysis of serum metabolomics and gut microbiota revealed that ELE1000 improved nutrient metabolism by modulating amino acid and ubiquinone biosynthesis and influenced the abundance of intestinal microbiota by enriching pivotal genera such as Bacteroides and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group. We identified 15 metabolites significantly correlated with both gut microbiota and laying performance, e.g., DL-methionine sulfoxide, THJ2201 N-valerate metabolite, tetracarbonic acid, etc. In conclusion, ELE1000 improved laying performance in elderly laying hens by affecting intestinal morphology, barrier function, microbiota, and serum metabolite profiles. These findings suggest that ELE can be a beneficial feed additive for extending the peak producing period in aged laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yawei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Kaimin Niu
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Zhenya Zhai
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
| | - Hongxun Shi
- Henan Ground Biological Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruxia Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Institute of Biological Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330096, China
- Henan Ground Biological Science & Technology Co., Ltd, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
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41
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E L, Li W, Hu Y, Deng L, Yao J, Zhou X. Methyl cinnamate protects against dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:1806-1818. [PMID: 37654075 PMCID: PMC10686792 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective and non-toxic therapeutic agents are lacking for the prevention and treatment of colitis. Previous studies found that methyl cinnamate (MC), extracted from galangal ( Alpinia officinarum Hance), has anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether MC is effective as anti-colitis therapy remains unknown. In this study, we investigate the therapeutic effects of MC on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice and further explore its potential mechanism of action. MC treatment relieves symptoms associated with DSS-induced colitis, including the recovery of DSS-induced weight loss, decreases the disease activity index score, and increases the colon length without toxic side effects. MC treatment protects the integrity of the intestinal barrier in mice with DSS-induced colitis and inhibits the overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the MAPK signaling pathway is found to be closely related to the treatment with MC of colitis. Western blot analysis show that phosphorylation of the p38 protein in colon tissues treated with MC is markedly reduced and phosphorylation levels of the p38, JNK and ERK proteins are significantly decreased in RAW 264.7 cells treated with MC, indicating that the mechanism of MC in treating DSS-induced colitis could be achieved by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, 16S RNA sequencing analysis show that MC can improve intestinal microbial dysbiosis in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Altogether, these findings suggest that MC may be a novel therapeutic candidate with anti-colitis efficacy. Furthermore, MC treatment relieves the symptoms of colitis by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway and improving the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilin E
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Wenjie Li
- The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Yuanjia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese MedicineInstitute of Chinese Medical SciencesUniversity of MacauMacao SAR 999078China
| | - Lijuan Deng
- Formula-Pattern Research CenterSchool of Traditional Chinese MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou510632China
| | - Jianping Yao
- The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
| | - Xingwang Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologySun Yat-sen University Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou510080China
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Rodrigues VMM, Bitencourt KCQM, Schapochnik A, de Souza V, da Palma Cruz M, Damazo AS, Ferreira CM, Cecatto RB, Hamblin MR, Destro Rodrigues MFS, Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco A. Comparison between local abdominal and transcutaneous tail vein photobiomodulation in experimental rat model of ulcerative colitis. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:247. [PMID: 37897531 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03910-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic autoimmune disease that impacts the quality of life, but current pharmacological treatments are limited. Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a light-based treatment that can be applied either locally or systemically. Here, we compare the effects of local and vascular PBM (VPBM) in an experimental rat model of UC. Male Wistar rats were induced with UC by rectal instillation of acetic acid and treated with either local abdominal PBM or VPBM to the tail vein using a 660-nm LED. The findings indicated that local PBM but not VPBM reduced intestinal histological scores. Both local and VPBM increased mucus production, decreased mast cell degranulation, and modulated TNF-α and IL-1 β levels in the intestines. Local PBM also affected the expression of the mRNAs for IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. In conclusion, we suggest that local PBM appears to be more promising than VPBM for treating UC. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and to optimize the parameters of PBM for UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virgínia Mendes Matias Rodrigues
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Schapochnik
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil
| | - Vanessa de Souza
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil
| | - Marlon da Palma Cruz
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil
| | - Amílcar Sabino Damazo
- Department of Basic Science in Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Cuiabá, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Rebeca Boltes Cecatto
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa
| | | | - Adriana Lino-Dos-Santos-Franco
- Post Graduate Program in Biophotonics Medicine, University Nove de Julho (UNINOVE), Rua Vergueiro, 239/245, São Paulo, SP, 01504-000, Brazil.
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Mao A, Zhao W, Zhu Y, Kong F, Chen D, Si H, Xu C. Gut Bacterial Community Determines the Therapeutic Effect of Ginsenoside on Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease by Modulating the Colonic Mucosal Barrier. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2616. [PMID: 38004628 PMCID: PMC10672857 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises systemic inflammatory conditions primarily affecting the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. This research aims to analyze the clinical symptoms and pathogenesis of a Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced canine IBD model and evaluate the restorative effect of ginsenoside from a pathogenesis perspective. We established the DSS-induced canine IBD model and studied the pathological mechanisms. Additionally, we examined the therapeutic effect of ginsenosides by assessing the Canine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Activity Index (CIBDAI), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, colonic tissue morphology, protein expression, and mucosal bacterial community analysis. Our findings revealed a total ginsenoside content of 22.7% in the ginsenoside extract. Animal experiments demonstrated that dogs with IBD exhibited decreased mental state, significantly increased CIBDAI and CRP levels, disrupted colonic epithelial tissue structure, decreased expression of mucin, tight junctions, and adherens junctions, as well as reduced diversity of the colonic mucosal bacterial community. Furthermore, correlation analysis highlighted a total of 38 bacterial strains correlated with physiological indices. Significantly, ginsenoside treatment could improve these symptoms and reverse the relative abundance of some bacterial communities. In conclusion, alterations in the properties of the colonic mucus layer or the reduction in MUC2, its core component, in dogs with IBD can lead to bacterial penetration of the mucus layer and subsequent contact with intestinal epithelial cells, resulting in inflammation. Remarkably, ginsenoside intervention showcased the capacity to positively influence the relative abundance of bacteria and impact the colonic mucus layer properties, thereby offering promising prospects for IBD management and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aipeng Mao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Weigang Zhao
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Yuhang Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Fantao Kong
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Danyang Chen
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Huazhe Si
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China;
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Research Center for Microbial Feed Engineering of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Innovation Center for Feeding and Utilization of Special Animals in Jilin Province, Changchun 130112, China; (A.M.); (W.Z.); (F.K.); (D.C.)
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Chu Z, Hu Z, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Yang F, Luo F. Targeting gut-liver axis by dietary lignans ameliorate obesity: evidences and mechanisms. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37870876 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2272269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
An imbalance between energy consumption and energy expenditure causes obesity. It is characterized by increased adipose accumulation and accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation. Many studies have suggested that the gut microbiota of the host mediates the relationship between high-fat diet consumption and the development of obesity. Diet and nutrition of the body are heavily influenced by gut microbiota. The alterations in the microbiota in the gut may have effects on the homeostasis of the host's energy levels, systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin sensitivity. The liver is an important organ for fat metabolism and gut-liver axis play important role in the fat metabolism. Gut-liver axis is a bidirectional relationship between the gut and its microbiota and the liver. As essential plant components, lignans have been shown to have different biological functions. Accumulating evidences have suggested that lignans may have lipid-lowering properties. Lignans can regulate the level of the gut microbiota and their metabolites in the host, thereby affecting signaling pathways related to fat synthesis and metabolism. These signaling pathways can make a difference in inhibiting fat accumulation, accelerating energy metabolism, affecting appetite, and inhibiting chronic inflammation. It will provide the groundwork for future studies on the lipid-lowering impact of lignans and the creation of functional meals based on those findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongxing Chu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Clinic Medicine, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yaping Zhou
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feiyan Yang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Grain-oil Deep Process and Quality Control, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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45
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Xia P, Zhao M, Jin H, Hou T, Deng Z, Zhang M, Zhou Q, Zhan F, Li B, Li J. Konjac glucomannan-assisted curcumin alleviated dextran sulfate sodium-induced mice colitis via regulating immune response and maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. Food Funct 2023; 14:8747-8760. [PMID: 37698392 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01068f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin has been proven to be an effective strategy for reducing inflammatory responses. However, low bioavailability and instability at the physiological pH have limited its anti-inflammatory activity in ulcerative colitis patients. In the present study, a complex of curcumin and konjac glucomannan (KGM) effectively inhibited intestinal inflammation and this effect was associated with KGM degradation degrees. Results demonstrated that treatment with the complex markedly mitigated colitis symptoms and decreased inflammatory cytokines levels, especially in the complex treatment groups with K110 (KGM treated in 110 °C) and konjac oligosaccharides (KOSs). Furthermore, increasing the KOS content in KOC (the complex of curcumin and KOS) promoted the gene expressions of the intestinal barrier and inhibited the gene expressions of inflammatory cytokines, as well as improved gut microbiota dysregulation. Overall, our studies suggest that the complex of curcumin and KGM exerts effective anti-inflammatory effects by regulating the intestinal immune response and modulating microbiota diversity and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengkui Xia
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Mengge Zhao
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Hong Jin
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Tao Hou
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhichang Deng
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Mengting Zhang
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qiaoyun Zhou
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Fuchao Zhan
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Shenzhen Institute of Nutrition and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
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Lane JM, Wright RO, Eggers S. The interconnection between obesity and executive function in adolescence: The role of the gut microbiome. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 153:105337. [PMID: 37524139 PMCID: PMC10592180 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, adolescent obesity is a growing epidemic associated with maladaptive executive functioning. Likewise, data link the microbiome to obesity. Emerging microbiome research has demonstrated an interconnection between the gut microbiome and the brain, indicating a bidirectional communication system within the gut-microbiome-brain axis in the pathophysiology of obesity. This narrative review identifies and summarizes relevant research connecting adolescent obesity as it relates to three core domains of executive functioning and the contribution of the gut microbiome in the relationship between obesity and executive functions in adolescence. The review suggests that (1) the interconnection between obesity, executive function, and the gut microbiome is a bidirectional connection, and (2) the gut microbiome may mediate the neurobiological pathways between obesity and executive function deficits. The findings of this review provide valuable insights into obesity-associated executive function deficits and elucidate the possible mediation role of the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamil M Lane
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, USA
| | - Shoshannah Eggers
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA.
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47
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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Luo A, Heng X, Liu J, Wang H, Chu W. Lactobacillus salivarius CPU-01 Ameliorates Temozolomide-Induced Intestinal Mucositis by Modulating Gut Microbiota, Maintaining Intestinal Barrier, and Blocking Pro-inflammatory Cytokines. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2023; 15:1079-1091. [PMID: 35639268 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-022-09955-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis is one of the major toxic side effects in the treatment of cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to screen lactic acid bacteria which could alleviate intestinal inflammation and damage induced by chemotherapeutic agents and explore the possible underlying mechanisms. Lactobacillus salivarius CPU-01 was selected from traditional Chinese fermented foods due to its protective effects on the toxicity of temozolomide in Caenorhabditis elegans. Eighteen ICR mice were randomly divided into 3 groups including control group, temozolomide-induced intestinal mucositis group, and temozolomide + L. salivarius CPU-01 group, and were used to investigate the effect of L. salivarius CPU-01 on chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis. It has been demonstrated that the administration of L. salivarius CPU-01 can prevent colon shortening and alleviate colon tissue damage caused by temozolomide-induced intestinal mucositis in mice. L. salivarius CPU-01 relieved the intestinal microbiota disorders caused by temozolomide and contributed to the growth of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Clostridia UCG - 014_norank, and Akkermansia. In vivo experiments also indicated that L. salivarius CPU-01 can suppress the level of temozolomide-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum and mRNA expression in the small intestine tissues. It was also found that L. salivarius CPU-01 significantly increased the expressions of intestinal tight junction (TJ) proteins, ZO-1, and Occludin proteins in mice treated with temozolomide. These findings suggest that L. salivarius CPU-01 can ameliorate temozolomide-induced intestinal mucositis by modulating gut microbiota, blocking pro-inflammatory cytokines, and repairing the intestinal barrier. These findings suggest probiotics may serve as a potential alternative therapeutic strategy for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuhong Zhou
- Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Aoxiang Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Xing Heng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Jinqiu Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Huafu Wang
- Lishui People's Hospital, the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Rivera Rodríguez R, Johnson JJ. Terpenes: Modulating anti-inflammatory signaling in inflammatory bowel disease. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 248:108456. [PMID: 37247693 PMCID: PMC10527092 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are autoimmune diseases characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Considered a western disease, IBD incidence in newly developed countries is skyrocketing. Accordingly, global prevalence is steadily increasing. There are two major IBD phenotypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). UC manifests as uninterrupted inflammation localized in the colon and rectum. Meanwhile, CD presents as interrupted inflammation that can occur throughout the digestive tract. As a result, therapeutics have focused on anti-inflammatory approaches for its treatment. Unfortunately, only 50% of patients benefit from current Food and Drug Administration approved treatments, and all are associated with serious adverse effects. Thus, there is a need for safer and novel therapeutics to increase the efficacy in this population. One aspect that is critical in understanding IBD is how food and phytochemicals therein may be associated with modifying the pathogenesis of IBD. A variety of retrospective and prospective studies, and clinical trials have shown benefits of plant-rich diets on the prevention and symptomatic improvement of IBD. The Mediterranean diet is rich in vegetables, fruits, legumes, and herbs; and characterized by the abundance of anti-inflammatory phytochemicals. An understudied phytochemical class enriched in this diet is terpenes; isoprene-based molecules are widely available in Mediterranean herbs and citrus fruits. Various terpenes have been evaluated in different IBD models. However, some present contradictory or inconclusive results. Therefore, in this review we evaluated preclinical studies of terpenes modulating basic inflammatory signaling related to IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Rivera Rodríguez
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, United States of America
| | - Jeremy James Johnson
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, United States of America.
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Yue M, Huang J, Ma X, Huang P, Liu Y, Zeng J. Protopine Alleviates Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Ulcerative Colitis by Improving Intestinal Barrier Function and Regulating Intestinal Microbiota. Molecules 2023; 28:5277. [PMID: 37446938 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and its pathogenesis is related to intestinal mucosal barrier damage and gut microbiota imbalance. Protopine (PRO), an isoquinoline alkaloid, is one of the main anti-inflammatory ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine Macleaya cordata(Willd.) R. Br. This study investigated the effects of PRO on the intestinal mucosal barrier and gut microbiota in dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis mice. C57BL/6J mice were treated with 3% DSS in drinking water to induce acute colitis, while PRO was administered orally once daily for 7 days. The results showed that PRO administration significantly alleviated the symptoms of DSS-induced colitis in mice and inhibited the expression of inflammation-related genes. In addition, PRO restored the integrity of the intestinal barrier in colitis mice by restoring colonic mucin secretion and promoting the expression of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, PRO alleviated the DSS-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis by decreasing the abundance of Proteobacteria, Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus, as well as enhancing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, such as Firmicutes and Akkermansia. These findings suggested that PRO effectively alleviated DSS-induced ulcerative colitis by suppressing the expression of inflammation-related genes, maintaining the intestinal mucosal barrier and regulating the intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Jialu Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Xiaolan Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yisong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianguo Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Xu C, Xu H, Zhu Z, Shi X, Xiao B. Recent advances in mucus-penetrating nanomedicines for oral treatment of colonic diseases. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2023; 20:1371-1385. [PMID: 37498079 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2023.2242266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral administration is the most common route for treating colonic diseases that present increased incidences in recent years. Colonic mucus is a critical rate-limiting barrier for the accumulation of oral therapeutics in the colonic tissues. To overcome this obstacle, mucus-penetrating nanotherapeutics have been exploited to increase the accumulated amounts of drugs in the diseased sites and improve their treatment outcomes against colonic diseases. AREAS COVERED In this review, we introduce the structure and composition of colonic mucus as well as its impact on the bioavailability of oral drugs. We also introduce various technologies used in the construction of mucus-penetrating nanomedicines (e.g. surface modification of polymers, physical means and biological strategies) and discuss their mechanisms and potential techniques for improving mucus penetration of nanotherapeutics. EXPERT OPINION The mucus barrier is often overlooked in oral drug delivery. The weak mucus permeability of conventional medications greatly lowers drug bioavailability. This challenge can be addressed through physical, chemical and biological technologies. In addition to the reported methods, promising approaches may be discovered through interdisciplinary research that further helps enhance the mucus penetration of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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