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Le Pape S, Joly F, Arrivé F, Frat JP, Rodriguez M, Joos M, Marchasson L, Wairy M, Thille AW, Coudroy R. Factors associated with decreased compliance after on-site extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation for acute respiratory distress syndrome: A retrospective, observational cohort study. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2024; 4:194-201. [PMID: 38681786 PMCID: PMC11043634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is systematically associated with decreased respiratory system compliance (CRS). It remains unclear whether transportation to the referral ECMO center, changes in ventilatory mode or settings to achieve ultra-protective ventilation, or the natural evolution of ARDS drives this change in respiratory mechanics. Herein, we assessed the precise moment when CRS decreases after ECMO cannulation and identified factors associated with decreased CRS. Methods To rule out the effect of transportation and the different modes of ventilation on CRS, we conducted a retrospective, single-center, observational cohort study from January 2013 to May 2020, on 22 patients with severe ARDS requiring on-site ECMO and ventilated in pressure-controlled mode to achieve ultra-protective ventilation. CRS was assessed at different time points ranging from 12 h before ECMO cannulation to 72 h after ECMO cannulation. The primary outcome was the relative change in CRS between 3 h before and 3 h after ECMO cannulation. The secondary outcomes included variables associated with the relative changes in CRS within the first 3 h after ECMO cannulation and the relative changes in CRS at each time point. Results CRS decreased within the first 3 h after ECMO cannulation (-28.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -38.8 to -17.9, P<0.001), while the decrease was mild before and after these first 3 h after ECMO cannulation. To achieve ultra-protective ventilation, respiratory rate decreased in the mean by -13 breaths/min (95% CI: -15 to -11) and driving pressure by -8.3 cmH2O (95% CI: -11.2 to -5.3), resulting in decreased tidal volume by -3.3 mL/kg of predicted body weight (95% CI: -3.9 to -2.6) as compared to before ECMO cannulation (P <0.001 for all). Plateau pressure reduction, driving pressure reduction, and tidal volume reduction were significantly associated with decreased CRS after ECMO cannulation, whereas neither respiratory rate, positive end-expiratory pressure, inspired fraction of oxygen, fluid balance, nor mean airway pressure was associated with decreased CRS. Conclusions Decreased driving pressure resulting in lower tidal volume to achieve ultra-protective ventilation after ECMO cannulation was associated with a marked decrease in CRS in ARDS patients with on-site ECMO cannulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Le Pape
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Florent Joly
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - François Arrivé
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Frat
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
- INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, IS-ALIVE Research Group, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Maeva Rodriguez
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Maïa Joos
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Laura Marchasson
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Mathilde Wairy
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
| | - Arnaud W. Thille
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
- INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, IS-ALIVE Research Group, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Rémi Coudroy
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, Poitiers, France
- INSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402, IS-ALIVE Research Group, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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Cao L, Chen Q, Xiang YY, Xiao C, Tan YT, Li H. Effects of Oxygenation Targets on Mortality in Critically Ill Patients in Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Anesth Analg 2024:00000539-990000000-00731. [PMID: 38315626 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of oxygenation targets (partial pressure of arterial oxygen [Pao2], arterial oxygen saturation [Sao2]/peripheral oxygen saturation [Spo2], or inspiratory oxygen concentration [Fio2] on clinical outcomes in critically ill patients remains controversial. We reviewed the existing literature to assess the effects of lower and higher oxygenation targets on the mortality rates of critically ill intensive care unit (ICU) patients. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched from their dates of inception to December 31, 2022, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing lower and higher oxygenation targets for critically ill patients ≥18 years of age undergoing mechanical ventilation, nasal cannula, oxygen mask, or high-flow oxygen therapy in the ICU. Data extraction was conducted independently, and RoB 2.0 software was used to evaluate the quality of each RCT. A random-effects model was used for the meta-analysis to calculate the relative risk (RR). We used the I2 statistic as a measure of statistical heterogeneity. Certainty of evidence was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines. RESULTS We included 12 studies with a total of 7416 patients participating in RCTs. Oxygenation targets were extremely heterogeneous between studies. The meta-analysis found no differences in mortality between lower and higher oxygenation targets for critically ill ICU patients (relative risk [RR], 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93-1.09; moderate certainty). The incidence of serious adverse events (RR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.85-1.00; high certainty), mechanical ventilation-free days through day 28 (mean difference [MD], -0.05; 95%CI, -1.23 to 1.13; low certainty), the number of patients requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) (RR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.84-1.10; low certainty), and ICU length of stay (MD, 1.05; 95% CI, -0.04 to 2.13; very low certainty) also did not differ among patients with lower or higher oxygenation targets. CONCLUSIONS Critically ill ICU patients ≥18 years of age managed with lower and higher oxygenation targets did not differ in terms of mortality, RRT need, mechanical ventilation-free days through day 28, or ICU length of stay. However, due to considerable heterogeneity between specific targets in individual studies, no conclusion can be drawn regarding the effect of oxygenation targets on ICU outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Xiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Xiao
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Ting Tan
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Li
- From the Department of Anaesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Zhao YT, Yuan Y, Tang YG, Zhang SW, Zhou H, Xie ZY. The association between high-oxygen saturation and prognosis for intracerebral hemorrhage. Neurosurg Rev 2024; 47:45. [PMID: 38217753 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-024-02283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concerns about the adverse effects of excessive oxygen have grown over the years. This study investigated the relationship between high oxygen saturation and short-term prognosis of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) after liberal use of oxygen. METHODS This retrospective cohort study collected data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database (ICU cohort) and a tertiary stroke center (general ward cohort). The data on pulse oximetry-derived oxygen saturation (SpO2) during the first 24 h in ICU and general wards were respectively extracted. RESULTS Overall, 1117 and 372 patients were included in the ICU and general ward cohort, respectively. Among the patients from the ICU cohort, a spoon-shaped association was observed between minimum SpO2 and the risk of in-hospital mortality (non-linear P<0.0001). In comparison with minimum SpO2 of 93-97%, the minimum SpO2>97% was associated with a significantly higher risk of in-hospital mortality after adjustment for confounders. Sensitivity analysis conducted using propensity score matching did not change this significance. The same spoon-shaped association between minimum SpO2 and the risk of in-hospital mortality was also detected for the general ward cohort. In comparison with the group with 95-97% SpO2, the group with SpO2>97% showed a stronger association with, but non-significant risk for, in-hospital mortality after adjustment for confounders. The time-weighted average SpO2>97% was associated significantly with in-hospital mortality in both cohorts. CONCLUSION Higher SpO2 (especially a minimum SpO2>97%) was unrewarding after liberal use of oxygen among patients with sICH and might even be potentially detrimental.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tong Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Yu-Guang Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Shu-Wei Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China
| | - Zong-Yi Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 76 Linjiang Road, Chongqing, 400010, China.
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Li YL, Hang LH. Recommendations and considerations for speeding the collapse of the non-ventilated lung during single-lung ventilation in thoracoscopic surgery: a literature review. Minerva Anestesiol 2023; 89:792-803. [PMID: 37307029 DOI: 10.23736/s0375-9393.23.17272-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Video-assisted thoracoscopic thoracic surgery has the advantages of less physical damage, less postoperative pain, and a rapid recovery. Therefore, it is widely used in the clinic. The quality of nonventilated lung collapse is the key point of thoracoscopic surgery. Poor lung collapse on the operative side damages surgical exposure and prolongs the process of surgery. Therefore, it is important to achieve good lung collapse as soon as possible after opening the pleura. Over the past two decades, there have been reports of advances in research on the physiological mechanism of lung collapse and several kinds of techniques for speeding up lung collapse. This review will inform the advances of each technique, make recommendations for reasonable implementation and discuss their controversies and considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lin Li
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China
| | - Li-Hua Hang
- Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Kunshan, China -
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Haudebourg AF, Moncomble E, Lesimple A, Delamaire F, Louis B, Mekontso Dessap A, Mercat A, Richard JC, Beloncle F, Carteaux G. A novel method for assessment of airway opening pressure without the need for low-flow insufflation. Crit Care 2023; 27:273. [PMID: 37420282 PMCID: PMC10329375 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-023-04560-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Airway opening pressure (AOP) detection and measurement are essential for assessing respiratory mechanics and adapting ventilation. We propose a novel approach for AOP assessment during volume assist control ventilation at a usual constant-flow rate of 60 L/min. OBJECTIVES To validate the conductive pressure (Pcond) method, which compare the Pcond-defined on the airway pressure waveform as the difference between the airway pressure level at which an abrupt change in slope occurs at the beginning of insufflation and PEEP-to resistive pressure for AOP detection and measurement, and to compare its respiratory and hemodynamic tolerance to the standard low-flow insufflation method. METHODS The proof-of-concept of the Pcond method was assessed on mechanical (lung simulator) and physiological (cadavers) bench models. Its diagnostic performance was evaluated in 213 patients, using the standard low-flow insufflation method as a reference. In 45 patients, the respiratory and hemodynamic tolerance of the Pcond method was compared with the standard low-flow method. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Bench assessments validated the Pcond method proof-of-concept. Sensitivity and specificity of the Pcond method for AOP detection were 93% and 91%, respectively. AOP obtained by Pcond and standard low-flow methods strongly correlated (r = 0.84, p < 0.001). Changes in SpO2 were significantly lower during Pcond than during standard method (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Determination of Pcond during constant-flow assist control ventilation may permit to easily and safely detect and measure AOP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Fleur Haudebourg
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est-Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Elsa Moncomble
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est-Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Arnaud Lesimple
- CNRS, INSERM 1083, MITOVASC, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Laboratoire Med2Lab ALMS, Antony, France
| | - Flora Delamaire
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est-Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Bruno Louis
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Armand Mekontso Dessap
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est-Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, 94010, Créteil, France
| | - Alain Mercat
- CNRS, INSERM 1083, MITOVASC, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation et Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Vent' Lab, Faculté de Santé, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Jean-Christophe Richard
- Département de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation et Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Vent' Lab, Faculté de Santé, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- UMR 1066, INSERM, Créteil, France
| | - François Beloncle
- CNRS, INSERM 1083, MITOVASC, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
- Département de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation et Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Vent' Lab, Faculté de Santé, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Guillaume Carteaux
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Henri Mondor-Albert Chenevier, Service de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, 51, Avenue du Maréchal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France.
- Groupe de Recherche Clinique CARMAS, Faculté de Santé, Université Paris Est-Créteil, 94010, Créteil, France.
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, 94010, Créteil, France.
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Grasmuk-Siegl E, Valipour A. "Nitrogen Wash-Out" in Non-Hypoxaemic Patients with Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Narrative Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:4300. [PMID: 37445335 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12134300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Following current guidelines, spontaneous pneumothorax should be primarily managed with minimal invasive strategies. In real-world clinical practice, oxygen supplementation regardless of the presence or absence of hypoxemia is frequently applied in patients with a pneumothorax, with the intention to enhance the resorption rate of air from the pleural cavity ("nitrogen wash-out theory"). This review provides an overview of the scientific origin of this practice in animal models, and its clinical use in adult and paediatric patients. Clinical studies from PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library were reviewed by the authors using the keywords, "oxygen AND pneumothorax", "nitrogen washout AND pneumothorax" and "nitrogen AND pneumothorax", and recommendations from current guidelines were also reviewed by the authors. A selected total of nine clinical studies and three guidelines were included. Though in animal models there appears to be a therapeutic effect of oxygen therapy for the treatment of pneumothorax, clinical data in patient populations mainly stem from retrospective studies, mostly with a small sample size and inadequate study design. We recommend conducting prospective clinical studies with adequate methodology to address the question of whether or not oxygen therapy should be used to treat pneumothorax, regardless of the presence or absence of hypoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Grasmuk-Siegl
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Klinik Floridsdorf, Brünner Straße 68, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Karl-Landsteiner-Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Health Care Group, Klinik Floridsdorf, Brünner Straße 68, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arschang Valipour
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Klinik Floridsdorf, Brünner Straße 68, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Karl-Landsteiner-Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Health Care Group, Klinik Floridsdorf, Brünner Straße 68, 1210 Vienna, Austria
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Catalanotto FR, Ippolito M, Mirasola A, Catalisano G, Milazzo M, Giarratano A, Cortegiani A. Hyperoxia in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review. JOURNAL OF ANESTHESIA, ANALGESIA AND CRITICAL CARE (ONLINE) 2023; 3:12. [PMID: 37386595 DOI: 10.1186/s44158-023-00096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In septic patients, hyperoxia may help with its bactericidal effects, but it may cause systemic impairments. The role of hyperoxia and the appropriate oxygen target in these patients is unknown. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available literature. METHODS We conducted a systematic search screening PubMed and Cochrane Library. Studies on adult patients with sepsis or septic shock and admitted to ICU addressing the topic of hyperoxia were included and described. RESULTS We included 12 studies, for a total of 15.782 included patients. Five studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or analyses from RCTs, three were prospective observational studies, and four were retrospective observational studies. The definition of hyperoxia was heterogeneous across the included studies. Mortality was the most frequent outcome: six studies showed an increased rate or risk of mortality with hyperoxia, three found no differences, and one a protective effect of hyperoxia. At the critical appraisal assessment stage, no major methodological flaws were detected, except for a single-center, pilot study, with a lack of adjustment for confounders and imbalance between the groups. CONCLUSION The optimum range of oxygen level able to minimize risks and provide benefits in patients with sepsis or septic shock seems still unknown. Clinical equipoise between hyperoxia and normoxia is uncertain as conflicting evidence exists. Further studies should aim at identifying the best range of oxygenation and its optimal duration, investigating how effects of different levels of oxygen may vary according to identified pathogens, source of infection, and prescribed antibiotics in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Romana Catalanotto
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Ippolito
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alice Mirasola
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia Cervello, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Catalisano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Marta Milazzo
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Giarratano
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea Cortegiani
- Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Science (Di.Chir.On.S), University of Palermo, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
- Department of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency, Policlinico Paolo Giaccone, Via del Vespro 129, 90127, Palermo, Italy.
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Pannu SR, Haddad T, Exline M, Christman JW, Horowitz JC, Peters J, Brock G, Diaz P, Crouser ED. Rationale and design of a randomized controlled clinical trial; Titration of Oxygen Levels (TOOL) during mechanical ventilation. Contemp Clin Trials 2022; 119:106811. [PMID: 35660485 PMCID: PMC11114599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2022.106811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both hyperoxemia and hypoxemia are deleterious in critically ill patients. Targeted oxygenation is recommended to prevent both of these extremes, however this has not translated to the bedside. Hyperoxemia likely persists more than hypoxemia due to absence of immediate discernible adverse effects, cognitive biases and delay in prioritization of titration. METHODS We present the methodology for the Titration Of Oxygen Levels (TOOL) trial, an open label, randomized controlled trial of an algorithm-based FiO2 titration with electronic medical record-based automated alerts. We hypothesize that the study intervention will achieve targeted oxygenation by curbing episodes of hyperoxemia while preventing hypoxemia. In the intervention arm, electronic alerts will be used to titrate FiO2 if SpO2 is ≥94% with FiO2 levels ≥0.4 over 45 min. FiO2 will be titrated per standard practice in the control arm. This study is being carried out with deferred consent. The sample size to determine efficacy is 316 subjects, randomized in a 1:1 ratio to the intervention vs. control arm. The primary outcome is proportion of time during mechanical ventilation spent with FiO2 ≥ 0.4 and SpO2 ≥ 94%. We will also assess proportion of time during mechanical ventilation spent with SpO2 < 88%, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of ICU and hospital stay, hospital mortality, and adherence to electronic alerts as secondary outcomes. CONCLUSION This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy of a high fidelity, bioinformatics-based, electronic medical record derived electronic alert system to improve targeted oxygenation in mechanically ventilated patients by reducing excessive FiO2 exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal R Pannu
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States.
| | - Tyler Haddad
- The Ohio State University, Department of Internal Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Matthew Exline
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - John W Christman
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jeffrey C Horowitz
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Jonathan Peters
- The Ohio State University, Department of Respiratory Therapy, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Guy Brock
- The Ohio State University, Center for Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Philip Diaz
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Elliott D Crouser
- The Ohio State University, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Columbus, OH, United States
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9
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Guérin C, Cour M, Argaud L. Airway Closure and Expiratory Flow Limitation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 12:815601. [PMID: 35111078 PMCID: PMC8801584 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.815601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is mostly characterized by the loss of aerated lung volume associated with an increase in lung tissue and intense and complex lung inflammation. ARDS has long been associated with the histological pattern of diffuse alveolar damage (DAD). However, DAD is not the unique pathological figure in ARDS and it can also be observed in settings other than ARDS. In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related ARDS, the impairment of lung microvasculature has been pointed out. The airways, and of notice the small peripheral airways, may contribute to the loss of aeration observed in ARDS. High-resolution lung imaging techniques found that in specific experimental conditions small airway closure was a reality. Furthermore, low-volume ventilator-induced lung injury, also called as atelectrauma, should involve the airways. Atelectrauma is one of the basic tenet subtending the use of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) set at the ventilator in ARDS. Recent data revisited the role of airways in humans with ARDS and provided findings consistent with the expiratory flow limitation and airway closure in a substantial number of patients with ARDS. We discussed the pattern of airway opening pressure disclosed in the inspiratory volume-pressure curves in COVID-19 and in non-COVID-19 related ARDS. In addition, we discussed the functional interplay between airway opening pressure and expiratory flow limitation displayed in the flow-volume curves. We discussed the individualization of the PEEP setting based on these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Guérin
- Médecine Intensive - Réanimation Hôpital Edouard Herriot Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut Mondor de Recherches Biomédicales, INSERM-UPEC UMR 955 Team 13 - CNRS ERL 7000, Créteil, France
| | - Martin Cour
- Médecine Intensive - Réanimation Hôpital Edouard Herriot Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Argaud
- Médecine Intensive - Réanimation Hôpital Edouard Herriot Lyon, Lyon, France
- Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
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10
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Luján M, Sayas J, Mediano O, Egea C. Non-invasive Respiratory Support in COVID-19: A Narrative Review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 8:788190. [PMID: 35059415 PMCID: PMC8763700 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.788190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory failure secondary to COVID-19 pneumonia may require a variety of non-pharmacological strategies in addition to oxygen therapy to avoid endotracheal intubation. The response to all these strategies, which include high nasal flow, continuous positive pressure, non-invasive ventilation, or even prone positioning in awake patients, can be highly variable depending on the predominant phenotypic involvement. Deciding when to replace conventional oxygen therapy with non-invasive respiratory support, which to choose, the role of combined methods, definitions, and attitudes toward treatment failure, and improved case improvement procedures are directly relevant clinical questions for the daily care of critically ill COVID-19 patients. The experience accumulated after more than a year of the pandemic should lead to developing recommendations that give answers to all these questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Luján
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitari Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Spain
- Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sayas
- Pneumology Service, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Olga Mediano
- Pneumology Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Spain
| | - Carlos Egea
- Centro de Investigacion Biomédica en Red (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
- Hospital Universitario de Araba, Universidad País Vasco, Vitoria Gasteiz, Spain
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11
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Baekgaard J, Siersma V, Christensen RE, Ottosen CI, Gyldenkærne KB, Garoussian J, Baekgaard ES, Steinmetz J, Rasmussen LS. A high fraction of inspired oxygen may increase mortality in intubated trauma patients - A retrospective cohort study. Injury 2022; 53:190-197. [PMID: 34602248 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2021.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical ventilation of trauma patients is common, and many will require a higher than normal fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) to avoid hypoxaemia. The primary objective of this study was to assess the association between FiO2 and all-cause, one-year mortality in intubated trauma patients. METHODS Adult trauma patients intubated in the initial phase post-trauma between 2015 and 2017 were retrospectively identified. Information on FiO2 during the first 24 hours of hospitalisation and mortality was registered. For each patient the number of hours of the first 24 hours exposed to an FiO2 ≥ 80%, ≥ 60%, and ≥ 40%, respectively, were determined and categorised into exposure durations. The associations of these FiO2 exposures with mortality were evaluated using Cox regression adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), Injury Severity Score (ISS), prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and presence of thoracic injuries. RESULTS We included 218 intubated trauma patients. The median prehospital GCS score was 6 and the median ISS was 25. One-year mortality was significantly increased when patients had received an FiO2 above 80% for 3-4 hours compared to <2 hours (hazard ratio (95% CI) 2.7 (1.3-6.0), p= 0.011). When an FiO2 above 80% had been administered for more than 4 hours, there was a trend towards a higher mortality as well, but this was not statistically significant. There was a significant, time-dependent increase in mortality for patients who had received an FiO2 ≥ 60%. There was no significant relationship observed between mortality and the duration of FiO2 ≥ 40%. CONCLUSION A fraction of inspired oxygen above 60% for more than 2 hours during the first 24 hours of admission was associated with increased mortality in intubated trauma patients in a duration-dependent manner. However, given the limitations of this retrospective study, the findings need to be confirmed in a larger, randomized set-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine Baekgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Volkert Siersma
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Camilla Ikast Ottosen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine Bennett Gyldenkærne
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Jasmin Garoussian
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emilie S Baekgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Steinmetz
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Trauma Centre, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Lars S Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
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12
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Lassen ML, Risgaard B, Baekgaard JS, Rasmussen LS. Determining a safe upper limit of oxygen supplementation for adult patients: a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045057. [PMID: 34312194 PMCID: PMC8314741 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to describe the connection between the inspired oxygen fraction and pulmonary complications in adult patients, with the objective of determining a safe upper limit of oxygen supplementation. METHODS MEDLINE and Embase were systematically searched in August 2019 (updated July 2020) for studies fulfilling the following criteria: intubated adult patients (Population); high fractions of oxygen (Intervention) versus low fractions of (Comparison); atelectasis, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia and/or duration of mechanical ventilation (Outcome); original studies both observational and interventional (Studies). Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment was done by two independent reviewers. RESULTS Out of 6120 records assessed for eligibility, 12 were included. Seven studies were conducted in the emergency setting, and five studies included patients undergoing elective surgery. Eight studies reported data on atelectasis, two on ARDS, four on pneumonia and two on duration of mechanical ventilation. There was a non-significant increased risk of atelectasis if an oxygen fraction of 0.8 or above was used, relative risk (RR): 1.37 (95% CI 0.95 to 1.96). One study showed an almost threefold higher risk of pneumonia in the high oxygen fraction group (RR: 2.83 (95% CI 2.25 to 3.56)). The two studies reporting ARDS and the two studies with data on mechanical ventilation showed no association with oxygen fraction. Four studies had a high risk of bias in one domain. CONCLUSIONS In this systematic review, we found inadequate evidence to identify a safe upper dosage of oxygen, but the identified studies suggest a benefit of keeping inspiratory oxygen fraction below 0.8 with regard to formation of atelectases. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020154242.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bjarke Risgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Josefine S Baekgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars S Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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13
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Hochberg CH, Semler MW, Brower RG. Oxygen Toxicity in Critically Ill Adults. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2021; 204:632-641. [PMID: 34086536 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202102-0417ci] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen supplementation is one of the most common interventions in critically ill patients. Despite over a century of data suggesting both beneficial and detrimental effects of supplemental oxygen, optimal arterial oxygenation targets in adult patients remain unclear. Experimental animal studies have consistently showed that exposure to a high fraction of inspired oxygen causes respiratory failure and early death. Human autopsy studies from the 1960s purported to provide histologic evidence of pulmonary oxygen toxicity in the form of diffuse alveolar damage. However, concomitant ventilator-induced lung injury and/or other causes of acute lung injury may explain these findings. While some observational studies in general populations of critically adults showed higher mortality in association with higher oxygen exposures, this finding has not been consistent. For some specific populations, such as those with cardiac arrest, studies have suggested harm from targeting supraphysiologic PaO2s. More recently, randomized clinical trials of arterial oxygenation targets in narrower physiologic ranges were conducted in critically ill adult patients. Though two smaller trials came to opposite conclusions, the two largest of these trials showed no differences in clinical outcomes in study groups that received conservative versus liberal oxygen targets, suggesting that either strategy is reasonable. It is possible that some strategies are of benefit in some sub-populations, and this remains an important ongoing area of research. Because of the ubiquity of oxygen supplementation in critically ill adults, even small treatment effects could have a large impact on a global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad H Hochberg
- Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 1500, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States;
| | - Matthew W Semler
- Vanderbilt University, 5718, Department of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| | - Roy G Brower
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1500, Pulmonary and Critical Care, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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14
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Hol L, Nijbroek SGLH, Schultz MJ. Perioperative Lung Protection: Clinical Implications. Anesth Analg 2020; 131:1721-1729. [PMID: 33186160 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000005187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In the past, it was common practice to use a high tidal volume (VT) during intraoperative ventilation, because this reduced the need for high oxygen fractions to compensate for the ventilation-perfusion mismatches due to atelectasis in a time when it was uncommon to use positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) in the operating room. Convincing and increasing evidence for harm induced by ventilation with a high VT has emerged over recent decades, also in the operating room, and by now intraoperative ventilation with a low VT is a well-adopted approach. There is less certainty about the level of PEEP during intraoperative ventilation. Evidence for benefit and harm of higher PEEP during intraoperative ventilation is at least contradicting. While some PEEP may prevent lung injury through reduction of atelectasis, higher PEEP is undeniably associated with an increased risk of intraoperative hypotension that frequently requires administration of vasoactive drugs. The optimal level of inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2) during surgery is even more uncertain. The suggestion that hyperoxemia prevents against surgical site infections has not been confirmed in recent research. In addition, gas absorption-induced atelectasis and its association with adverse outcomes like postoperative pulmonary complications actually makes use of a high FIO2 less attractive. Based on the available evidence, we recommend the use of a low VT of 6-8 mL/kg predicted body weight in all surgery patients, and to restrict use of a high PEEP and high FIO2 during intraoperative ventilation to cases in which hypoxemia develops. Here, we prefer to first increase FIO2 before using high PEEP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcus J Schultz
- Department of Intensive Care.,Department of Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology (L·E·I·C·A), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location 'Amsterdam Medical Center', Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care, Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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15
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Nakane M. Biological effects of the oxygen molecule in critically ill patients. J Intensive Care 2020; 8:95. [PMID: 33317639 PMCID: PMC7734465 DOI: 10.1186/s40560-020-00505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The medical use of oxygen has been widely and frequently proposed for patients, especially those under critical care; however, its benefit and drawbacks remain controversial for certain conditions. The induction of oxygen therapy is commonly considered for either treating or preventing hypoxia. Therefore, the concept of different types of hypoxia should be understood, particularly in terms of their mechanism, as the effect of oxygen therapy principally varies by the physiological characteristics of hypoxia. Oxygen molecules must be constantly delivered to all cells throughout the human body and utilized effectively in the process of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, which is necessary for generating energy through the formation of adenosine triphosphate. If the oxygen availability at the cellular level is inadequate for sustaining the metabolism, the condition of hypoxia which is characterized as heterogeneity in tissue oxygen tension may develop, which is called dysoxia, a more physiological concept that is related to hypoxia. In such hypoxic patients, repetitive measurements of the lactate level in blood are generally recommended in order to select the adequate therapeutic strategy targeting a reduction in lactate production. Excessive oxygen, however, may actually induce a hyperoxic condition which thus can lead to harmful oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species, possibly resulting in cellular dysfunction or death. In contrast, the human body has several oxygen-sensing mechanisms for preventing both hypoxia and hyperoxia that are employed to ensure a proper balance between the oxygen supply and demand and prevent organs and cells from suffering hyperoxia-induced oxidative stress. Thus, while the concept of hyperoxia is known to have possible adverse effects on the lung, the heart, the brain, or other organs in various pathological conditions of critically ill patients, and no obvious evidence has yet been proposed to totally support liberal oxygen supplementation in any subset of critically ill patients, relatively conservative oxygen therapy with cautious monitoring appears to be safe and may improve the outcome by preventing harmful oxidative stress resulting from excessive oxygen administration. Given the biological effects of oxygen molecules, although the optimal target levels remain controversial, unnecessary oxygen administration should be avoided, and exposure to hyperoxemia should be minimized in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Nakane
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Yamagata University Hospital, 2-2-2 Iida-nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan.
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16
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Baekgaard JS, Abback PS, Boubaya M, Moyer JD, Garrigue D, Raux M, Champigneulle B, Dubreuil G, Pottecher J, Laitselart P, Laloum F, Bloch-Queyrat C, Adnet F, Paugam-Burtz C. Early hyperoxemia is associated with lower adjusted mortality after severe trauma: results from a French registry. Crit Care 2020; 24:604. [PMID: 33046127 PMCID: PMC7549241 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-020-03274-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperoxemia has been associated with increased mortality in critically ill patients, but little is known about its effect in trauma patients. The objective of this study was to assess the association between early hyperoxemia and in-hospital mortality after severe trauma. We hypothesized that a PaO2 ≥ 150 mmHg on admission was associated with increased in-hospital mortality. METHODS Using data issued from a multicenter prospective trauma registry in France, we included trauma patients managed by the emergency medical services between May 2016 and March 2019 and admitted to a level I trauma center. Early hyperoxemia was defined as an arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) above 150 mmHg measured on hospital admission. In-hospital mortality was compared between normoxemic (150 > PaO2 ≥ 60 mmHg) and hyperoxemic patients using a propensity-score model with predetermined variables (gender, age, prehospital heart rate and systolic blood pressure, temperature, hemoglobin and arterial lactate, use of mechanical ventilation, presence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), initial Glasgow Coma Scale score, Injury Severity Score (ISS), American Society of Anesthesiologists physical health class > I, and presence of hemorrhagic shock). RESULTS A total of 5912 patients were analyzed. The median age was 39 [26-55] years and 78% were male. More than half (53%) of the patients had an ISS above 15, and 32% had traumatic brain injury. On univariate analysis, the in-hospital mortality was higher in hyperoxemic patients compared to normoxemic patients (12% versus 9%, p < 0.0001). However, after propensity score matching, we found a significantly lower in-hospital mortality in hyperoxemic patients compared to normoxemic patients (OR 0.59 [0.50-0.70], p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION In this large observational study, early hyperoxemia in trauma patients was associated with reduced adjusted in-hospital mortality. This result contrasts the unadjusted in-hospital mortality as well as numerous other findings reported in acutely and critically ill patients. The study calls for a randomized clinical trial to further investigate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine S. Baekgaard
- Urgences et Samu 93, AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Inserm U942, 93000 Bobigny, France
- Department of Anesthesia, Section 4231, Centre of Head and Orthopedics, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Juliane Maries Vej 10, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paer-Selim Abback
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Jean-Denis Moyer
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Delphine Garrigue
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, CHU de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Mathieu Raux
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique; AP-HP Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire APHP-Sorbonne Université, site Pitié-Salpêtrière, Département d’Anesthésie Réanimation, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Benoit Champigneulle
- Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Dubreuil
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, AP-HP, Bicêtre Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Julien Pottecher
- Department of Anesthesia and Surgical Critical Care, Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | | | - Fleur Laloum
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, University Hospital of Reims, Reims, France
| | | | - Frédéric Adnet
- Urgences et Samu 93, AP-HP, Avicenne Hospital, Inserm U942, 93000 Bobigny, France
| | - Catherine Paugam-Burtz
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Beaujon Hospital, AP-HP, University of Paris, Paris, France
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17
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Passmore MR, Ki KK, Chan CHH, Lee T, Bouquet M, Wood ES, Raman S, Rozencwajg S, Burrell AJC, McDonald CI, Langguth D, Shekar K, Malfertheiner MV, Fraser JF, Suen JY. The effect of hyperoxia on inflammation and platelet responses in an ex vivo extracorporeal membrane oxygenation circuit. Artif Organs 2020; 44:1276-1285. [PMID: 32644199 DOI: 10.1111/aor.13771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is expanding, however, it is still associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Activation of inflammatory and innate immune responses and hemostatic alterations contribute to complications. Hyperoxia may play a role in exacerbating these responses. Nine ex vivo ECMO circuits were tested using fresh healthy human whole blood, with two oxygen levels: 21% inspired fraction of oxygen (FiO2 ; mild hyperoxia; n = 5) and 100% FiO2 (severe hyperoxia; n = 4). Serial blood samples were taken for analysis of platelet aggregometry, leukocyte activation, inflammatory, and oxidative stress markers. ECMO resulted in reduced adenosine diphosphate- (P < .05) and thrombin receptor activating peptide-induced (P < .05) platelet aggregation, as well as increasing levels of the neutrophil activation marker, neutrophil elastase (P = .013). Additionally, levels of the inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 were elevated (P < .05) and the activity of superoxide dismutase, a marker of oxidative stress, was increased (P = .002). Hyperoxia did not augment these responses, with no significant differences detected between mild and severe hyperoxia. Our ex vivo model of ECMO revealed that the circuit itself triggers a pro-inflammatory and oxidative stress response, however, exposure to supra-physiologic oxygen does not amplify that response. Extended-duration studies and inclusion of an endothelial component could be beneficial in characterizing longer term changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret R Passmore
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Katrina K Ki
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.,Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chris H H Chan
- Innovative Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology Laboratory, Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Engineering and Built Environment, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Talvin Lee
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mahé Bouquet
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Emily S Wood
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sainath Raman
- Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sacha Rozencwajg
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Medical Intensive Care Unit, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpetrière, Hôpitaux de Paris, Assistance Publique, Paris, France
| | - Aidan J C Burrell
- Department of Intensive Care, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Charles I McDonald
- Department of Anaesthesia and Perfusion, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Daman Langguth
- Department of Immunology, Sullivan and Nicolaides Pathology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kiran Shekar
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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18
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Fuchs K, Rosa L, Tochetto R, Comassetto F, Cancellier C, Ronchi S, Luciane M, Oleskovicz N. Efeito de frações inspiradas de oxigênio e modalidades ventilatórias diferentes sobre a idade de cães. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-11339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar diferentes modalidades ventilatórias em cães de diferentes idades submetidos à fração inspirada de oxigênio (FiO2) de 40% e 100%. Foram utilizados 36 cães de três grupos etários (GJ: 0-5; GA: 5-10 e GG: 10-15 anos), sem padronização de peso, sexo, raça e procedimento cirúrgico. Foram pré-medicados com acepromazina e morfina (0,02 e 0,5mg/kg), induzidos à anestesia geral com propofol dose-efeito, manutenção do plano anestésico com isoflurano em 1,3 V% e fornecimento de oxigênio conforme a FiO2 estabelecida para o grupo. Os animais foram submetidos a quatro diferentes modalidades ventilatórias: ventilação espontânea (VE), ventilação ciclada a volume (VCV), ventilação ciclada a pressão (VCP) e ventilação ciclada a pressão com PEEP (VCPP), e permaneceram 30 minutos em cada modalidade. Os parâmetros cardiovasculares mantiveram-se estáveis para todas as FiO2, modalidades ventilatórias e idades. Com relação aos parâmetros ventilatórios, na FiO2 100%, foram observados PaCO2 de 45mmHge e 29% de shunt, enquanto a FiO2 40% apresentou PaCO2 de 43 mmHg e 13% de shunt. Em relação às diferentes idades, os animais adultos e geriátricos apresentaram maiores valores de shunt (26% e 22%) e PaCO2 (44mm/Hg e 46mm/Hg). Conclui-se que a fração inspirada de 40% e a modalidade ventilatória ciclada a volume mostraram-se mais eficientes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.S. Fuchs
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - L. Rosa
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - R. Tochetto
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | | | - S.J. Ronchi
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - M.G. Luciane
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brazil
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19
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Palmer E, Post B, Klapaukh R, Marra G, MacCallum NS, Brealey D, Ercole A, Jones A, Ashworth S, Watkinson P, Beale R, Brett SJ, Young JD, Black C, Rashan A, Martin D, Singer M, Harris S. The Association between Supraphysiologic Arterial Oxygen Levels and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients. A Multicenter Observational Cohort Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2020; 200:1373-1380. [PMID: 31513754 PMCID: PMC6884048 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201904-0849oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: There is conflicting evidence on harm related to exposure to supraphysiologic PaO2 (hyperoxemia) in critically ill patients. Objectives: To examine the association between longitudinal exposure to hyperoxemia and mortality in patients admitted to ICUs in five United Kingdom university hospitals. Methods: A retrospective cohort of ICU admissions between January 31, 2014, and December 31, 2018, from the National Institute of Health Research Critical Care Health Informatics Collaborative was studied. Multivariable logistic regression modeled death in ICU by exposure to hyperoxemia. Measurements and Main Results: Subsets with oxygen exposure windows of 0 to 1, 0 to 3, 0 to 5, and 0 to 7 days were evaluated, capturing 19,515, 10,525, 6,360, and 4,296 patients, respectively. Hyperoxemia dose was defined as the area between the PaO2 time curve and a boundary of 13.3 kPa (100 mm Hg) divided by the hours of potential exposure (24, 72, 120, or 168 h). An association was found between exposure to hyperoxemia and ICU mortality for exposure windows of 0 to 1 days (odds ratio [OR], 1.15; 95% compatibility interval [CI], 0.95–1.38; P = 0.15), 0 to 3 days (OR 1.35; 95% CI, 1.04–1.74; P = 0.02), 0 to 5 days (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.07–2.13; P = 0.02), and 0 to 7 days (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.11–2.72; P = 0.02). However, a dose–response relationship was not observed. There was no evidence to support a differential effect between hyperoxemia and either a respiratory diagnosis or mechanical ventilation. Conclusions: An association between hyperoxemia and mortality was observed in our large, unselected multicenter cohort. The absence of a dose–response relationship weakens causal interpretation. Further experimental research is warranted to elucidate this important question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Palmer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine.,INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin Post
- INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Critical Care, Barts Health National Health Service (NHS) Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roman Klapaukh
- Research Software Development Group, Research IT Services, and.,INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giampiero Marra
- Department of Statistical Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Niall S MacCallum
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine.,INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Critical Care and
| | - David Brealey
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine.,INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Critical Care and
| | - Ari Ercole
- Division of Anaesthesia, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Jones
- Department of Critical Care, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Ashworth
- Division of Critical Care, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Watkinson
- Critical Care Research Group (Kadoorie Centre), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Beale
- Department of Critical Care, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Human Applied Physiological Science, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen J Brett
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; and
| | - J Duncan Young
- Critical Care Research Group (Kadoorie Centre), Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Medical Sciences Division, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Black
- INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom.,Therapies and Rehabilitation, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Daniel Martin
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science and.,Critical Care Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mervyn Singer
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine.,Department of Critical Care and
| | - Steve Harris
- Bloomsbury Institute of Intensive Care Medicine.,INFORM-lab, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Critical Care and
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Barrot L, Asfar P, Mauny F, Winiszewski H, Montini F, Badie J, Quenot JP, Pili-Floury S, Bouhemad B, Louis G, Souweine B, Collange O, Pottecher J, Levy B, Puyraveau M, Vettoretti L, Constantin JM, Capellier G. Liberal or Conservative Oxygen Therapy for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. N Engl J Med 2020; 382:999-1008. [PMID: 32160661 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1916431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ARDS Clinical Trials Network recommends a target partial pressure of arterial oxygen (Pao2) between 55 and 80 mm Hg. Prospective validation of this range in patients with ARDS is lacking. We hypothesized that targeting the lower limit of this range would improve outcomes in patients with ARDS. METHODS In this multicenter, randomized trial, we assigned patients with ARDS to receive either conservative oxygen therapy (target Pao2, 55 to 70 mm Hg; oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry [Spo2], 88 to 92%) or liberal oxygen therapy (target Pao2, 90 to 105 mm Hg; Spo2, ≥96%) for 7 days. The same mechanical-ventilation strategies were used in both groups. The primary outcome was death from any cause at 28 days. RESULTS After the enrollment of 205 patients, the trial was prematurely stopped by the data and safety monitoring board because of safety concerns and a low likelihood of a significant difference between the two groups in the primary outcome. Four patients who did not meet the eligibility criteria were excluded. At day 28, a total of 34 of 99 patients (34.3%) in the conservative-oxygen group and 27 of 102 patients (26.5%) in the liberal-oxygen group had died (difference, 7.8 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -4.8 to 20.6). At day 90, 44.4% of the patients in the conservative-oxygen group and 30.4% of the patients in the liberal-oxygen group had died (difference, 14.0 percentage points; 95% CI, 0.7 to 27.2). Five mesenteric ischemic events occurred in the conservative-oxygen group. CONCLUSIONS Among patients with ARDS, early exposure to a conservative-oxygenation strategy with a Pao2 between 55 and 70 mm Hg did not increase survival at 28 days. (Funded by the French Ministry of Health; LOCO2 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT02713451.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Loic Barrot
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Pierre Asfar
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Frederic Mauny
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Hadrien Winiszewski
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Florent Montini
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Julio Badie
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Jean-Pierre Quenot
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Sebastien Pili-Floury
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Belaid Bouhemad
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Guillaume Louis
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Bertrand Souweine
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Olivier Collange
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Julien Pottecher
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Bruno Levy
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Marc Puyraveau
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Lucie Vettoretti
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Jean-Michel Constantin
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
| | - Gilles Capellier
- From the Medical Intensive Care Unit (L.B., H.W., L.V., G.C.), the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (L.B., S.P.-F.), Unité de Méthodologie, INSERM Clinical Investigation Center 1431, University Hospital (F. Mauny, M.P.), and Research Unit EA3920, Université de Franche Comté (L.B., H.W. S.P.-F., G.C.), Besançon, the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Angers, Angers (P.A.), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Avignon, Avignon (F. Montini), the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Nord Franche-Comté, Trévenans (J.B.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (J.-P.Q.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (B.B.), University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, the Intensive Care Unit, General Hospital of Metz-Thionville, Metz (G.L.), the Medical Intensive Care Unit (B.S.) and the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit (J.-M.C.), University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, the Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg (O.C., J.P.), and the Medical Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy (B.L.) - all in France; and the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia (G.C.)
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A Fine Balance for Oxygen in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Crit Care Med 2019. [PMID: 29538116 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000002910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Schjørring OL, Perner A, Wetterslev J, Lange T, Keus F, Laake JH, Okkonen M, Siegemund M, Morgan M, Thormar KM, Rasmussen BS. Handling Oxygenation Targets in the Intensive Care Unit (HOT-ICU)-Protocol for a randomised clinical trial comparing a lower vs a higher oxygenation target in adults with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2019; 63:956-965. [PMID: 30883686 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acutely ill adults with hypoxaemic respiratory failure are at risk of life-threatening hypoxia, and thus oxygen is often administered liberally. Excessive oxygen use may, however, increase the number of serious adverse events, including death. Establishing the optimal oxygenation level is important as existing evidence is of low quality. We hypothesise that targeting an arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2 ) of 8 kPa is superior to targeting a PaO2 of 12 kPa in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure. METHODS The Handling Oxygenation Targets in the ICU (HOT-ICU) trial is an outcome assessment blinded, multicentre, randomised, parallel-group trial targeting PaO2 in acutely ill adults with hypoxaemic respiratory failure within 12 hours after ICU admission. Patients are randomised 1:1 to one of the two PaO2 targets throughout ICU stay until a maximum of 90 days. The primary outcome is 90-day mortality. Secondary outcomes are serious adverse events in the ICU, days alive without organ support and days alive out of hospital in the 90-day period; mortality, health-related quality-of-life at 1-year follow-up as well as 1-year cognitive and pulmonary function in a subgroup; and an overall health economic analysis. To detect or reject a 20% relative risk reduction, we aim to include 2928 patients. An interim analysis is planned after 90-day follow-up of 1464 patients. CONCLUSION The HOT-ICU trial will test the hypothesis that a lower oxygenation target reduces 90-day mortality compared with a higher oxygenation target in adult ICU patients with acute hypoxaemic respiratory failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olav L. Schjørring
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Anders Perner
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jørn Wetterslev
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
- Copenhagen Trial Unit, Department 7812, Centre for Clinical Intervention Research Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Theis Lange
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
- Section of Biostatistics University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Center for Statistical Science Peking University Peking China
| | - Frederik Keus
- Department of Critical Care University Medical Centre Groningen, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Jon H. Laake
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care Oslo University Hospital RikshospitaletOslo Norway
| | - Marjatta Okkonen
- Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Martin Siegemund
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University Hospital Basel Basel Switzerland
| | - Matthew Morgan
- Critical Care Research University Hospital of Wales Cardiff UK
- Cardiff University School of Medicine Wales UK
| | - Katrin M. Thormar
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care University Hospital Reykjavik Landspitali Reykjavik Iceland
| | - Bodil S. Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
- Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
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Baekgaard JS, Isbye D, Ottosen CI, Larsen MH, Andersen JH, Rasmussen LS, Steinmetz J. Restrictive vs liberal oxygen for trauma patients-the TRAUMOX1 pilot randomised clinical trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2019; 63:947-955. [PMID: 30908592 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hyperoxaemia is commonly observed in trauma patients but has been associated with pulmonary complications and mortality in some patient populations. The objectives of this study were to evaluate whether maintenance of normoxia is feasible using a restrictive oxygen strategy in the initial phase after trauma and to evaluate the incidence of 30-day mortality and/or major pulmonary complications. METHODS Forty-one adult trauma patients admitted to our trauma centre were randomised to 24 hours of restrictive oxygen therapy (no supplemental oxygen if the arterial oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SpO2 ) was at least 94%, n = 21) or liberal oxygen therapy (intubated patients: FiO2 1.0 in the trauma bay, 0.8-1.0 elsewhere; spontaneously breathing patients: 15 L/min via a non-rebreather mask, n = 20). Two blinded anaesthesiologists evaluated major in-hospital pulmonary complications within 30 days. RESULTS Protocol compliance was high, as the median arterial oxygen tension was significantly lower in the restrictive group (10.8 kPa [9.7-12.0] vs 30.4 kPa [23.7-39.0], P < 0.0001). There were seven episodes of SpO2 below 90% in the restrictive group and one episode in the liberal group. Thirty-day mortality and/or major in-hospital pulmonary complications occurred in 4/20 (20%) in the restrictive group and in 6/18 (33%) in the liberal group: two patients in each group died within 30 days and the incidence of major in-hospital pulmonary complications was 2/20 (10%) in the restrictive group and 4/18 (22%) in the liberal group. CONCLUSION Maintenance of normoxia using a restrictive oxygen strategy following trauma is feasible. This pilot study serves as the basis for a larger clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefine S. Baekgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Dan Isbye
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Camilla Ikast Ottosen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Mo Haslund Larsen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Lars S. Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Jacob Steinmetz
- Department of Anaesthesia, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
- Trauma Centre, Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Rigshospitalet University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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Yoshida K, Isosu T, Noji Y, Ebana H, Honda J, Sanbe N, Obara S, Murakawa M. Adjustment of oxygen reserve index (ORi™) to avoid excessive hyperoxia during general anesthesia. J Clin Monit Comput 2019; 34:509-514. [DOI: 10.1007/s10877-019-00341-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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25
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Schjørring OL, Toft‐Petersen AP, Kusk KH, Mouncey P, Sørensen EE, Berezowicz P, Bestle MH, Bülow H, Bundgaard H, Christensen S, Iversen SA, Kirkeby‐Garstad I, Krarup KB, Kruse M, Laake JH, Liboriussen L, Læbel RL, Okkonen M, Poulsen LM, Russell L, Sjövall F, Sunde K, Søreide E, Waldau T, Walli AR, Perner A, Wetterslev J, Rasmussen BS. Intensive care doctors' preferences for arterial oxygen tension levels in mechanically ventilated patients. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2018; 62:1443-1451. [PMID: 29926908 DOI: 10.1111/aas.13171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen is liberally administered in intensive care units (ICUs). Nevertheless, ICU doctors' preferences for supplementing oxygen are inadequately described. The aim was to identify ICU doctors' preferences for arterial oxygenation levels in mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients. METHODS In April to August 2016, an online multiple-choice 17-part-questionnaire was distributed to 1080 ICU doctors in seven Northern European countries. Repeated reminder e-mails were sent. The study ended in October 2016. RESULTS The response rate was 63%. When evaluating oxygenation 52% of respondents rated arterial oxygen tension (PaO2 ) the most important parameter; 24% a combination of PaO2 and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2 ); and 23% preferred SaO2 . Increasing, decreasing or not changing a default fraction of inspired oxygen of 0.50 showed preferences for a PaO2 around 8 kPa in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, a PaO2 around 10 kPa in patients with healthy lungs, acute respiratory distress syndrome or sepsis, and a PaO2 around 12 kPa in patients with cardiac or cerebral ischaemia. Eighty per cent would accept a PaO2 of 8 kPa or lower and 77% would accept a PaO2 of 12 kPa or higher in a clinical trial of oxygenation targets. CONCLUSION Intensive care unit doctors preferred PaO2 to SaO2 in monitoring oxygen treatment when peripheral oxygen saturation was not included in the question. The identification of PaO2 as the preferred target and the thorough clarification of preferences are important when ascertaining optimal oxygenation targets. In particular when designing future clinical trials of higher vs lower oxygenation targets in ICU patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. L. Schjørring
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
| | - A. P. Toft‐Petersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
- Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre (ICNARC) London UK
| | - K. H. Kusk
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
| | - P. Mouncey
- Intensive Care National Audit & Research Centre (ICNARC) London UK
| | - E. E. Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
- Clinical Nursing Research Unit Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
| | - P. Berezowicz
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Vejle Hospital Vejle Denmark
| | - M. H. Bestle
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Nordsjaellands Hospital Hillerød Denmark
| | - H.‐H. Bülow
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Holbæk Hospital Holbæk Denmark
| | - H. Bundgaard
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Randers Hospital Randers Denmark
| | - S. Christensen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Aarhus University Hospital Skejby Denmark
| | - S. A. Iversen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Slagelse Hospital Slagelse Denmark
| | - I. Kirkeby‐Garstad
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine St. Olav's Hospital Trondheim Norway
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) Trondheim Norway
| | - K. B. Krarup
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Odense University Hospital Odense Denmark
| | - M. Kruse
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care North Denmark Regional Hospital Hjørring Denmark
| | - J. H. Laake
- Division of Emergencies and Critical Care Rikshospitalet Oslo University Hospital Oslo Norway
| | - L. Liboriussen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Viborg Hospital Viborg Denmark
| | - R. L. Læbel
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Regional Hospital West Jutland Herning Denmark
| | - M. Okkonen
- Department of Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - L. M. Poulsen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Zealand University Hospital Køge Denmark
| | - L. Russell
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Hvidovre Hospital Hvidovre Denmark
| | - F. Sjövall
- Department of Intensive Care and Perioperative Medicine Skåne University Hospital Malmö Sweden
- Department of Clinical Science Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - K. Sunde
- Department of Anaeshesiology Oslo University Hospital Ullevål Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine University of Oslo Oslo Norway
| | - E. Søreide
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway
| | - T. Waldau
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Herlev Hospital Herlev Denmark
| | - A. R. Walli
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Zealand University Hospital Roskilde Denmark
| | - A. Perner
- Department of Intensive Care Rigshospitalet Centre for Research in Intensive Care (CRIC) Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Wetterslev
- Copenhagen Trial Unit Rigshospitalet Centre for Clinical Intervention Research Copenhagen Denmark
| | - B. S. Rasmussen
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine Aalborg University Hospital Aalborg Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine Aalborg University Aalborg Denmark
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Bautista-Rodriguez C, Sanchez-de-Toledo J, Da Cruz EM. The Role of Echocardiography in Neonates and Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. Front Pediatr 2018; 6:297. [PMID: 30416991 PMCID: PMC6212474 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2018.00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Indications for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) are expanding, and echocardiography is a tool of utmost importance to assess safety, effectiveness and readiness for circuit initiation and separation. Echocardiography is key to anticipating complications and improving outcomes. Understanding the patient's as well as the ECMO circuit's anatomy and physiology is crucial prior to any ECMO echocardiographic evaluation. It is also vital to acknowledge that the utility of echocardiography in ECMO patients is not limited to the evaluation of cardiac function, and that clinical decisions should not be made exclusively upon echocardiographic findings. Though echocardiography has specific indications and applications, it also has limitations, characterized as: prior to and during cannulation, throughout the ECMO run, upon separation and after separation from the circuit. The use of specific and consistent echocardiographic protocols for patients on ECMO is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Bautista-Rodriguez
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joan Sanchez-de-Toledo
- Pediatric Cardiology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Division of Cardiac Intensive Care, Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Eduardo M. Da Cruz
- Department of Pediatrics, Heart Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, United States
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Meyer LCR, Fuller A, Hofmeyr M, Buss P, Miller M, Haw A. Use of butorphanol and diprenorphine to counter respiratory impairment in the immobilised white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). J S Afr Vet Assoc 2018; 89:e1-e8. [PMID: 30456980 PMCID: PMC6244275 DOI: 10.4102/jsava.v89i0.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Opioid-induced immobilisation results in severe respiratory impairment in the white rhinoceros. It has therefore been attempted in the field to reverse this impairment with the use of opioid agonist-antagonists, such as nalorphine, nalbuphine, butorphanol and diprenorphine; however, the efficacy of some of these treatments has yet to be determined. The efficacy of butorphanol, either alone or in combination with diprenorphine both with and without oxygen insufflation, in alleviating opioid-induced respiratory impairment was evaluated. The study was performed in two parts: a boma trial and a field trial. Rhinoceroses were immobilised specifically for the study, according to a strict protocol to minimise confounding variables. A two-way analysis of variance was used to compare the physiological responses of the rhinoceroses to the different treatments and their effects over time. The intravenous administration of butorphanol (at 3.3 mg per mg etorphine) plus diprenorphine (at 0.4 mg per mg etorphine) did not offer any advantage over butorphanol (at 15 mg per mg etorphine) alone with regard to improving PaO2, PaCO2 and respiratory rates in etorphine-immobilised white rhinoceroses. Both butorphanol + diprenorphine + oxygen and butorphanol + oxygen, at the doses used, significantly improved the etorphine-induced hypoxaemia in both boma- and field-immobilised white rhinoceroses. Clinically acceptable oxygenation in field-immobilised white rhinoceroses can be achieved by using either treatment regimen, provided that it is combined with oxygen insufflation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leith C R Meyer
- Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria; and, School of Physiology, University of the Witwatersrand.
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28
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Acute life-threatening hypoxemia during mechanical ventilation. Curr Opin Crit Care 2018; 23:541-548. [PMID: 29016366 DOI: 10.1097/mcc.0000000000000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To describe current evidence-based practice in the management of acute life-threatening hypoxemia in mechanically ventilated patients and some of the methods used to individualize the care of the patient. RECENT FINDINGS Patients with acute life-threatening hypoxemia will often meet criteria for severe ARDS, for which there are only a few treatment strategies that have been shown to improve survival outcomes. Recent findings have increased our knowledge of the physiological effects of spontaneous breathing and the application of PEEP. Additionally, the use of advanced bedside monitoring has a promising future in the management of hypoxemic patients to fine-tune the ventilator and to evaluate the individual patient response to therapy. SUMMARY Treating the patient with acute life-threatening hypoxemia during mechanical ventilation should begin with an evidence-based approach, with the goal of improving oxygenation and minimizing the harmful effects of mechanical ventilation. The use of advanced monitoring and the application of simple maneuvers at the bedside may assist clinicians to better individualize treatment and improve clinical outcomes.
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Brugniaux JV, Coombs GB, Barak OF, Dujic Z, Sekhon MS, Ainslie PN. Highs and lows of hyperoxia: physiological, performance, and clinical aspects. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2018; 315:R1-R27. [PMID: 29488785 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00165.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Molecular oxygen (O2) is a vital element in human survival and plays a major role in a diverse range of biological and physiological processes. Although normobaric hyperoxia can increase arterial oxygen content ([Formula: see text]), it also causes vasoconstriction and hence reduces O2 delivery in various vascular beds, including the heart, skeletal muscle, and brain. Thus, a seemingly paradoxical situation exists in which the administration of oxygen may place tissues at increased risk of hypoxic stress. Nevertheless, with various degrees of effectiveness, and not without consequences, supplemental oxygen is used clinically in an attempt to correct tissue hypoxia (e.g., brain ischemia, traumatic brain injury, carbon monoxide poisoning, etc.) and chronic hypoxemia (e.g., severe COPD, etc.) and to help with wound healing, necrosis, or reperfusion injuries (e.g., compromised grafts). Hyperoxia has also been used liberally by athletes in a belief that it offers performance-enhancing benefits; such benefits also extend to hypoxemic patients both at rest and during rehabilitation. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of hyperoxia in humans from the "bench to bedside." The first section will focus on the basic physiological principles of partial pressure of arterial O2, [Formula: see text], and barometric pressure and how these changes lead to variation in regional O2 delivery. This review provides an overview of the evidence for and against the use of hyperoxia as an aid to enhance physical performance. The final section addresses pathophysiological concepts, clinical studies, and implications for therapy. The potential of O2 toxicity and future research directions are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Geoff B Coombs
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Otto F Barak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.,Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zeljko Dujic
- Department of Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Split , Split , Croatia
| | - Mypinder S Sekhon
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia , Canada.,Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, University of British Columbia , Vancouver, British Columbia , Canada
| | - Philip N Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, University of British Columbia , Kelowna, British Columbia , Canada
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Radermacher P, Maggiore SM, Mercat A. FiftyYears ofResearch inARDS.Gas Exchange in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:964-984. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201610-2156so] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anaesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Engineering, University Medical School, Ulm, Germany
| | - Salvatore Maurizio Maggiore
- Section of Anesthesia, Analgesia, Perioperative, and Intensive Care, Department of Medical, Oral, and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, “SS. Annunziata” Hospital, “Gabriele d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy; and
| | - Alain Mercat
- Department of Medical Intensive Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
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Pham T, Brochard LJ, Slutsky AS. Mechanical Ventilation: State of the Art. Mayo Clin Proc 2017; 92:1382-1400. [PMID: 28870355 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is the most used short-term life support technique worldwide and is applied daily for a diverse spectrum of indications, from scheduled surgical procedures to acute organ failure. This state-of-the-art review provides an update on the basic physiology of respiratory mechanics, the working principles, and the main ventilatory settings, as well as the potential complications of mechanical ventilation. Specific ventilatory approaches in particular situations such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are detailed along with protective ventilation in patients with normal lungs. We also highlight recent data on patient-ventilator dyssynchrony, humidified high-flow oxygen through nasal cannula, extracorporeal life support, and the weaning phase. Finally, we discuss the future of mechanical ventilation, addressing avenues for improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tài Pham
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Laurent J Brochard
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Arthur S Slutsky
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
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Wang T, Gross C, Desai AA, Zemskov E, Wu X, Garcia AN, Jacobson JR, Yuan JXJ, Garcia JGN, Black SM. Endothelial cell signaling and ventilator-induced lung injury: molecular mechanisms, genomic analyses, and therapeutic targets. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2016; 312:L452-L476. [PMID: 27979857 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00231.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical ventilation is a life-saving intervention in critically ill patients with respiratory failure due to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Paradoxically, mechanical ventilation also creates excessive mechanical stress that directly augments lung injury, a syndrome known as ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). The pathobiology of VILI and ARDS shares many inflammatory features including increases in lung vascular permeability due to loss of endothelial cell barrier integrity resulting in alveolar flooding. While there have been advances in the understanding of certain elements of VILI and ARDS pathobiology, such as defining the importance of lung inflammatory leukocyte infiltration and highly induced cytokine expression, a deep understanding of the initiating and regulatory pathways involved in these inflammatory responses remains poorly understood. Prevailing evidence indicates that loss of endothelial barrier function plays a primary role in the development of VILI and ARDS. Thus this review will focus on the latest knowledge related to 1) the key role of the endothelium in the pathogenesis of VILI; 2) the transcription factors that relay the effects of excessive mechanical stress in the endothelium; 3) the mechanical stress-induced posttranslational modifications that influence key signaling pathways involved in VILI responses in the endothelium; 4) the genetic and epigenetic regulation of key target genes in the endothelium that are involved in VILI responses; and 5) the need for novel therapeutic strategies for VILI that can preserve endothelial barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Christine Gross
- Vascular Biology Center, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Evgeny Zemskov
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Alexander N Garcia
- Department of Pharmacology University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; and
| | - Jeffrey R Jacobson
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Stephen M Black
- Department of Medicine, The University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, Arizona;
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Six S, Jaffal K, Ledoux G, Jaillette E, Wallet F, Nseir S. Hyperoxemia as a risk factor for ventilator-associated pneumonia. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2016; 20:195. [PMID: 27334713 PMCID: PMC4917974 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1368-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Consequences of hyperoxemia, such as acute lung injury, atelectasis, and reduced bacterial clearance, might promote ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The aim of our study was to determine the relationship between hyperoxemia and VAP. Methods This retrospective observational study was performed in a 30-bed mixed ICU. All patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours were eligible. VAP was defined using clinical, radiologic, and quantitative microbiological criteria. Hyperoxemia was defined as PaO2 > 120 mmHg. All data, except those related to hyperoxemia, were prospectively collected. Risk factors for VAP were determined using univariate and multivariate analysis. Results VAP was diagnosed in 141 of the 503 enrolled patients (28 %). The incidence rate of VAP was 14.7 per 1000 ventilator days. Hyperoxemia at intensive care unit admission (67 % vs 53 %, OR = 1.8, 95 % CI (1.2, 29), p <0.05) and number of days spent with hyperoxemia were significantly more frequent in patients with VAP, compared with those with no VAP. Multivariate analysis identified number of days spent with hyperoxemia (OR = 1.1, 95 % CI (1.04, 1.2) per day, p = 0.004), simplified acute physiology score (SAPS) II (OR = 1.01, 95 % CI (1.002, 1.024) per point, p < 0 .05), red blood cell transfusion (OR = 1.8, 95 % CI (1.2, 2.7), p = 0.01), and proton pomp inhibitor use (OR = 1.9, 95 % CI (1.03, 1.2), p < 0.05) as independent risk factors for VAP. Other multiple regression models also identified hyperoxemia at ICU admission (OR = 1.89, 95 % CI (1.23, 2.89), p = 0.004), and percentage of days with hyperoxemia (OR = 2.2, 95 % CI (1.08, 4.48), p = 0.029) as independent risk factors for VAP. Conclusion Hyperoxemia is independently associated with VAP. Further studies are required to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Six
- CHU Lille, Centre de Réanimation, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Karim Jaffal
- CHU Lille, Centre de Réanimation, F-59000, Lille, France
| | | | | | - Frédéric Wallet
- CHU Lille, Centre de Biologie et de Pathologie, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Saad Nseir
- CHU Lille, Centre de Réanimation, F-59000, Lille, France. .,Univ Lille, Faculté de Médecine, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Mezidi M, Guérin C. Conservative versus liberal oxygenation targets for mechanically ventilated patients-a pilot multicenter randomized controlled trial. J Thorac Dis 2016; 8:307-10. [PMID: 27076923 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2016.02.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mezidi
- 1 Réanimation médicale, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France ; 2 Faculté de médecine Lyon Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ; 3 INSERM 955, equipe 13, Créteil, France
| | - Claude Guérin
- 1 Réanimation médicale, Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France ; 2 Faculté de médecine Lyon Est, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France ; 3 INSERM 955, equipe 13, Créteil, France
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Brochard L, Pham T, Rubenfeld G. Does my patient really have ARDS? Intensive Care Med 2016; 42:656-658. [PMID: 27007100 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-016-4332-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Brochard
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Tai Pham
- Keenan Research Centre, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- UMR 1153, Inserm, Sorbonne Paris Cité, ECSTRA Team, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Gordon Rubenfeld
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Program in Trauma, Emergency, and Critical Care, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Hafner S, Beloncle F, Koch A, Radermacher P, Asfar P. Hyperoxia in intensive care, emergency, and peri-operative medicine: Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde? A 2015 update. Ann Intensive Care 2015; 5:42. [PMID: 26585328 PMCID: PMC4653126 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-015-0084-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the (patho)-physiological effects of ventilation with high FiO2 (0.8–1.0), with a special focus on the most recent clinical evidence on its use for the management of circulatory shock and during medical emergencies. Hyperoxia is a cornerstone of the acute management of circulatory shock, a concept which is based on compelling experimental evidence that compensating the imbalance between O2 supply and requirements (i.e., the oxygen dept) is crucial for survival, at least after trauma. On the other hand, “oxygen toxicity” due to the increased formation of reactive oxygen species limits its use, because it may cause serious deleterious side effects, especially in conditions of ischemia/reperfusion. While these effects are particularly pronounced during long-term administration, i.e., beyond 12–24 h, several retrospective studies suggest that even hyperoxemia of shorter duration is also associated with increased mortality and morbidity. In fact, albeit the clinical evidence from prospective studies is surprisingly scarce, a recent meta-analysis suggests that hyperoxia is associated with increased mortality at least in patients after cardiac arrest, stroke, and traumatic brain injury. Most of these data, however, originate from heterogenous, observational studies with inconsistent results, and therefore, there is a need for the results from the large scale, randomized, controlled clinical trials on the use of hyperoxia, which can be anticipated within the next 2–3 years. Consequently, until then, “conservative” O2 therapy, i.e., targeting an arterial hemoglobin O2 saturation of 88–95 % as suggested by the guidelines of the ARDS Network and the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, represents the treatment of choice to avoid exposure to both hypoxemia and excess hyperoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Hafner
- Institut für Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081, Ulm, Germany. .,Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - François Beloncle
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, Cedex 9, 49933, Angers, France. .,Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, CNRS UMR 6214-INSERM U1083, Université Angers, PRES L'UNAM, Nantes, France.
| | - Andreas Koch
- Sektion Maritime Medizin, Institut für Experimentelle Medizin, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24118, Kiel, Germany. .,Schifffahrtmedizinisches Institut der Marine, 24119, Kronshagen, Germany.
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institut für Anästhesiologische Pathophysiologie und Verfahrensentwicklung, Universitätsklinikum Ulm, Helmholtzstrasse 8-1, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Pierre Asfar
- Département de Réanimation Médicale et de Médecine Hyperbare, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, 4 rue Larrey, Cedex 9, 49933, Angers, France. .,Laboratoire de Biologie Neurovasculaire et Mitochondriale Intégrée, CNRS UMR 6214-INSERM U1083, Université Angers, PRES L'UNAM, Nantes, France.
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Lellouche F, Delorme M, Bussières J, Ouattara A. Perioperative ventilatory strategies in cardiac surgery. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2015; 29:381-95. [PMID: 26643102 PMCID: PMC10068651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent data promote the utilization of prophylactic protective ventilation even in patients without acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), and especially after cardiac surgery. The implementation of specific perioperative ventilatory strategies in patients undergoing cardiac surgery can improve both respiratory and extra-pulmonary outcomes. Protective ventilation is not limited to tidal volume reduction. The major components of ventilatory management include assist-controlled mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes (6-8 mL kg(-1) of predicted body weight) associated with higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), limitation of fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), ventilation maintenance during cardiopulmonary bypass, and finally recruitment maneuvers. In order for such strategies to be fully effective, they should be integrated into a multimodal approach beginning from the induction and continuing over the postoperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Lellouche
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, Canada.
| | - Mathieu Delorme
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, Canada; CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation II, Univ. Bordeaux, Adaptation Cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034 et INSERM, Adaptation Cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France.
| | - Jean Bussières
- Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et Pneumologie de Québec, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Ville de Québec, Canada.
| | - Alexandre Ouattara
- CHU de Bordeaux, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation II, Univ. Bordeaux, Adaptation Cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034 et INSERM, Adaptation Cardiovasculaire à l'ischémie, U1034, F-33600 Pessac, France.
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Helmerhorst HJF, Schultz MJ, van der Voort PHJ, de Jonge E, van Westerloo DJ. Bench-to-bedside review: the effects of hyperoxia during critical illness. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2015; 19:284. [PMID: 26278383 PMCID: PMC4538738 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-0996-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxygen administration is uniformly used in emergency and intensive care medicine and has life-saving potential in critical conditions. However, excessive oxygenation also has deleterious properties in various pathophysiological processes and consequently both clinical and translational studies investigating hyperoxia during critical illness have gained increasing interest. Reactive oxygen species are notorious by-products of hyperoxia and play a pivotal role in cell signaling pathways. The effects are diverse, but when the homeostatic balance is disturbed, reactive oxygen species typically conserve a vicious cycle of tissue injury, characterized by cell damage, cell death, and inflammation. The most prominent symptoms in the abundantly exposed lungs include tracheobronchitis, pulmonary edema, and respiratory failure. In addition, absorptive atelectasis results as a physiological phenomenon with increasing levels of inspiratory oxygen. Hyperoxia-induced vasoconstriction can be beneficial during vasodilatory shock, but hemodynamic changes may also impose risk when organ perfusion is impaired. In this context, oxygen may be recognized as a multifaceted agent, a modifiable risk factor, and a feasible target for intervention. Although most clinical outcomes are still under extensive investigation, careful titration of oxygen supply is warranted in order to secure adequate tissue oxygenation while preventing hyperoxic harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik J F Helmerhorst
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands. .,Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
| | - Marcus J Schultz
- Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.,Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Peter H J van der Voort
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Oosterpark 9, Amsterdam, 1091 AZ, The Netherlands.,TIAS School for Business and Society, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, Tilburg, 5000 LE, The Netherlands
| | - Evert de Jonge
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
| | - David J van Westerloo
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2300 RC, The Netherlands
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Boissier F, Razazi K, Thille AW, Roche-Campo F, Leon R, Vivier E, Brochard L, Brun-Buisson C, Mekontso Dessap A. Echocardiographic detection of transpulmonary bubble transit during acute respiratory distress syndrome. Ann Intensive Care 2015; 5:5. [PMID: 25859416 PMCID: PMC4388070 DOI: 10.1186/s13613-015-0046-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transpulmonary bubble transit (TPBT) detected with contrast echocardiography is reported as a sign of intrapulmonary shunt during cirrhosis or exercise in healthy humans. However, its physiological meaning is not clear during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Our aim was to determine the prevalence, significance, and prognosis of TPBT detection during ARDS. Methods This was a prospective observational study in an academic medical intensive care unit in France. Two hundred and sixteen consecutive patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS underwent transesophageal echocardiography with modified gelatine contrast. Moderate-to-large TPBT was defined as right-to-left passage of at least ten bubbles through a pulmonary vein more than three cardiac cycles after complete opacification of the right atrium. Patients with intra-cardiac shunt through patent foramen ovale were excluded. Results The prevalence of moderate-to-large TPBT was 26% (including 42 patients with moderate and 15 with large TPBT). Patients with moderate-to-large TPBT had higher values of cardiac index and heart rate as compared to those without TPBT. There was no significant difference in PaO2/FIO2 ratio between groups, and TPBT was not influenced by end-expiratory positive pressure level in 93% of tested patients. Prevalence of septic shock was higher in the group with moderate-to-large TPBT. Patients with moderate-to-large TPBT had fewer ventilator-free days and intensive care unit-free days within the first 28 days, and higher in-hospital mortality as compared to others. Conclusions Moderate-to-large TPBT was detected with contrast echocardiography in 26% of patients with ARDS. This finding was associated with a hyperdynamic and septic state, but did not influence oxygenation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Boissier
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; INSERM, Unité U955 (IMRB), 8 rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France ; Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 8, rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France
| | - Keyvan Razazi
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France
| | - Arnaud W Thille
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; CHU de Poitiers, Réanimation médicale, Poitiers, France; INSERM CIC 1402 (équipe 5 ALIVE), Université de Poitiers, 2 Rue de la Milétrie, 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Ferran Roche-Campo
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Verge de la Cinta, Carrer de les Esplanetes, 14, 43500 Tortosa, Tarragona Spain
| | - Rusel Leon
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil, Réanimation polyvalente, 40 avenue de Verdun, 94010 Créteil, France
| | - Emmanuel Vivier
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; Centre Hospitalier Saint Luc Saint Joseph, Réanimation Polyvalente, 20, quai Claude Bernard, 69007 Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Brochard
- Saint Michael's Hospital, 30 Bond Street, ON M5B 1 W8 Toronto, Canada
| | - Christian Brun-Buisson
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; INSERM, Unité U955 (IMRB), 8 rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France ; Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 8, rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France
| | - Armand Mekontso Dessap
- AP-HP, Hôpital Henri Mondor, DHU A-TVB, Service de Réanimation Médicale, Groupe de recherche CARMAS, 51 Av Mal de Lattre de Tassigny, Créteil, 94010 France ; INSERM, Unité U955 (IMRB), 8 rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France ; Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Est Créteil, 8, rue du Général Sarrail, Créteil, 94010 France
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Comment ventiler un patient sous ECMO ou ECCO2R ? MEDECINE INTENSIVE REANIMATION 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-015-1020-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Haw A, Hofmeyr M, Fuller A, Buss P, Miller M, Fleming G, Meyer L. Butorphanol with oxygen insufflation corrects etorphine-induced hypoxaemia in chemically immobilized white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). BMC Vet Res 2014; 10:253. [PMID: 25315767 PMCID: PMC4205281 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0253-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Opioid-induced immobilization is associated with severe respiratory depression in the white rhinoceros. We evaluated the efficacy of butorphanol and oxygen insufflation in alleviating opioid-induced respiratory depression in eight boma-managed rhinoceros. Results Chemical immobilization with etorphine, azaperone and hyaluronidase, as per standard procedure for the white rhinoceros, caused severe respiratory depression with hypoxaemia (PaO2 = 27 ± 7 mmHg [mean ± SD]), hypercapnia (PaCO2 = 82 ± 6 mmHg) and acidosis (pH =7.26 ± 0.02) in the control trial at 5 min. Compared to pre-intervention values, butorphanol administration (without oxygen) improved the PaO2 (60 ± 3 mmHg, F(3,21) =151.9, p <0.001), PaCO2 (67 ± 4 mmHg, F(3,21) =22.57, p <0.001) and pH (7.31 ± 0.06, F(3,21) =27.60, p <0.001), while oxygen insufflation alone exacerbated the hypercapnia (123 ± 20 mmHg, F(3,21) =50.13, p <0.001) and acidosis (7.12 ± 0.07, F(3,21) =110.6, p <0.001). Surprisingly, butorphanol combined with oxygen fully corrected the opioid-induced hypoxaemia (PaO2 = 155 ± 53 mmHg) and reduced the hypercapnia over the whole immobilization period (p <0.05, areas under the curves) compared to the control trial. However, this intervention (butorphanol + oxygen) did not have any effect on the arterial pH. Conclusions Oxygen insufflation combined with a single intravenous dose of butorphanol improved the immobilization quality of boma-managed white rhinoceros by correcting the opioid-induced hypoxaemia, but did not completely reverse all components of respiratory depression. The efficacy of this intervention in reducing respiratory depression in field-captured animals remains to be determined.
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Ma LQ, Pan CS, Yang N, Liu YY, Yan L, Sun K, Wei XH, He K, Xiao MM, Fan JY, Han JY. Posttreatment with Ma-Xing-Shi-Gan-Tang, a Chinese Medicine Formula, Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Lung Microvessel Hyperpermeability and Inflammatory Reaction in Rat. Microcirculation 2014; 21:649-63. [DOI: 10.1111/micc.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qian Ma
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Chun-Shui Pan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Ning Yang
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Yu-Ying Liu
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Li Yan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Kai Sun
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Ke He
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Meng-Meng Xiao
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Jing-Yu Fan
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
| | - Jing-Yan Han
- Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine; School of Basic Medical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
- Tasly Microcirculation Research Center; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Microcirculation; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Stasis and Phlegm; State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China; Beijing China
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Saihi K, Richard JCM, Gonin X, Krüger T, Dojat M, Brochard L. Feasibility and reliability of an automated controller of inspired oxygen concentration during mechanical ventilation. Crit Care 2014; 18:R35. [PMID: 24552490 PMCID: PMC4031979 DOI: 10.1186/cc13734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypoxemia and high fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) are concerns in critically ill patients. An automated FiO2 controller based on continuous oxygen saturation (SpO2) measurement was tested. Two different SpO2-FiO2 feedback open loops, designed to react differently based on the level of hypoxemia, were compared. The results of the FiO2 controller were also compared with a historical control group. METHODS The system measures SpO2, compares with a target range (92% to 96%), and proposes in real time FiO2 settings to maintain SpO2 within target. In 20 patients under mechanical ventilation, two different FiO2-SpO2 open loops were applied by a dedicated research nurse during 3 hours, each in random order. The times spent in and outside the target SpO2 values were measured. The results of the automatic controller were then compared with a retrospective control group of 30 ICU patients. SpO2-FiO2 values of the control group were collected over three different periods of 6 hours. RESULTS Time in the target range was higher than 95% with the controller. When the 20 patients were separated according to the median PaO2/FiO2 (160(133-176) mm Hg versus 239(201-285)), the loop with the highest slope was slightly better (P = 0.047) for the more-hypoxemic patients. Hyperoxemia and hypoxemia durations were significantly shorter with the controller compared with usual care: SpO2 target range was reached 90% versus 24%, 27% and 32% (P < .001) with the controller, compared with three historical control-group periods. CONCLUSION A specific FiO2 controller is able to maintain SpO2 reliably within a predefined target range. Two different feedback loops can be used, depending on the initial PaO2/FiO2; with both, the automatic controller showed excellent performance when compared with usual care.
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Schmidt M, Pellegrino V, Combes A, Scheinkestel C, Cooper DJ, Hodgson C. Mechanical ventilation during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2014; 18:203. [PMID: 24447458 PMCID: PMC4057516 DOI: 10.1186/cc13702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The timing of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) initiation and its outcome in the management of respiratory and cardiac failure have received considerable attention, but very little attention has been given to mechanical ventilation during ECMO. Mechanical ventilation settings in non-ECMO studies have been shown to have an effect on survival and may also have contributed to a treatment effect in ECMO trials. Protective lung ventilation strategies established for non-ECMO-supported respiratory failure patients may not be optimal for more severe forms of respiratory failure requiring ECMO support. The influence of positive end-expiratory pressure on the reduction of the left ventricular compliance may be a matter of concern for patients receiving ECMO support for cardiac failure. The objectives of this review were to describe potential mechanisms for lung injury during ECMO for respiratory or cardiac failure, to assess the possible benefits from the use of ultra-protective lung ventilation strategies and to review published guidelines and expert opinions available on mechanical ventilation-specific management of patients requiring ECMO, including mode and ventilator settings. Articles were identified through a detailed search of PubMed, Ovid, Cochrane databases and Google Scholar. Additional references were retrieved from the selected studies. Growing evidence suggests that mechanical ventilation settings are important in ECMO patients to minimize further lung damage and improve outcomes. An ultra-protective ventilation strategy may be optimal for mechanical ventilation during ECMO for respiratory failure. The effects of airway pressure on right and left ventricular afterload should be considered during venoarterial ECMO support of cardiac failure. Future studies are needed to better understand the potential impact of invasive mechanical ventilation modes and settings on outcomes.
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Derosa S, Borges JB, Segelsjö M, Tannoia A, Pellegrini M, Larsson A, Perchiazzi G, Hedenstierna G. Reabsorption atelectasis in a porcine model of ARDS: regional and temporal effects of airway closure, oxygen, and distending pressure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2013; 115:1464-73. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00763.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the small airways dysfunction in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). By computed tomography (CT) imaging in a porcine experimental model of early ARDS, we aimed at studying the location and magnitude of peripheral airway closure and alveolar collapse under high and low distending pressures and high and low inspiratory oxygen fraction (FIO2). Six piglets were mechanically ventilated under anesthesia and muscle relaxation. Four animals underwent saline-washout lung injury, and two served as healthy controls. Beyond the site of assumed airway closure, gas was expected to be trapped in the injured lungs, promoting alveolar collapse. This was tested by ventilation with an FIO2 of 0.25 and 1 in sequence during low and high distending pressures. In the most dependent regions, the gas/tissue ratio of end-expiratory CT, after previous ventilation with FIO2 0.25 low-driving pressure, was significantly higher than after ventilation with FIO2 1; with high-driving pressure, this difference disappeared. Also, significant reduction in poorly aerated tissue and a correlated increase in nonaerated tissue in end-expiratory CT with FIO2 1 low-driving pressure were seen. When high-driving pressure was applied or after previous ventilation with FIO2 0.25 and low-driving pressure, this pattern disappeared. The findings suggest that low distending pressures produce widespread dependent airway closure and with high FIO2, subsequent absorption atelectasis. Low FIO2 prevented alveolar collapse during the study period because of slow absorption of gas behind closed airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savino Derosa
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Bari University, Bari, Italy
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - João Batista Borges
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Pulmonary Divison, Heart Institute (Incor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Monica Segelsjö
- Department of Radiology, Oncology and Radiation Science, Section of Radiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; and
| | - Angela Tannoia
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Bari University, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Anders Larsson
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gaetano Perchiazzi
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplant, Bari University, Bari, Italy
| | - Göran Hedenstierna
- Hedenstierna Laboratory, Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Acute respiratory distress syndrome after pulmonary resection. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 61:504-12. [PMID: 23775234 DOI: 10.1007/s11748-013-0276-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Postoperative acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a recognized complication of pulmonary resection. It is characterized by the acute onset of hypoxemia with radiographic infiltrates consistent with pulmonary edema, without elevations in the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Many studies suggest that around 2-5 % of patients develop some degree of lung injury, and the mortality from ARDS following pulmonary resection remains high. ARDS following thoracotomy and lung resection has a miserable prognosis, with overall hospital mortality rates over 25 %. The present review evaluates the evidence available in the literature tracking perioperative mortality and morbidity as well as the pathogenesis and management of ARDS in patients undergoing pulmonary resection.
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Aboab J, Niklason L, Uttman L, Brochard L, Jonson B. Dead space and CO₂ elimination related to pattern of inspiratory gas delivery in ARDS patients. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2012; 16:R39. [PMID: 22390777 PMCID: PMC3964798 DOI: 10.1186/cc11232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2011] [Revised: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The inspiratory flow pattern influences CO₂ elimination by affecting the time the tidal volume remains resident in alveoli. This time is expressed in terms of mean distribution time (MDT), which is the time available for distribution and diffusion of inspired tidal gas within resident alveolar gas. In healthy and sick pigs, abrupt cessation of inspiratory flow (that is, high end-inspiratory flow (EIF)), enhances CO₂ elimination. The objective was to test the hypothesis that effects of inspiratory gas delivery pattern on CO₂ exchange can be comprehensively described from the effects of MDT and EIF in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS In a medical intensive care unit of a university hospital, ARDS patients were studied during sequences of breaths with varying inspiratory flow patterns. Patients were ventilated with a computer-controlled ventilator allowing single breaths to be modified with respect to durations of inspiratory flow and postinspiratory pause (TP), as well as the shape of the inspiratory flow wave. From the single-breath test for CO₂, the volume of CO₂ eliminated by each tidal breath was derived. RESULTS A long MDT, caused primarily by a long TP, led to importantly enhanced CO₂ elimination. So did a high EIF. Effects of MDT and EIF were comprehensively described with a simple equation. Typically, an efficient and a less-efficient pattern of inspiration could result in ± 10% variation of CO₂ elimination, and in individuals, up to 35%. CONCLUSIONS In ARDS, CO₂ elimination is importantly enhanced by an inspiratory flow pattern with long MDT and high EIF. An optimal inspiratory pattern allows a reduction of tidal volume and may be part of lung-protective ventilation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Aboab
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Henri Mondor, AP-HP, 51 Avenue du Marechal de Lattre de Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France
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Prophylactic protective ventilation: lower tidal volumes for all critically ill patients? Intensive Care Med 2012; 39:6-15. [PMID: 23108608 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-012-2728-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
High tidal volumes have historically been recommended for mechanically ventilated patients during general anesthesia. High tidal volumes have been shown to increase morbidity and mortality in patients suffering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Barriers exist in implementing a tidal volume reduction strategy related to the inherent difficulty in changing one's practice patterns, to the current need to individualize low tidal volume settings only for a specific subgroup of mechanically ventilated patients (i.e., ARDS patients), the difficulty in determining the predicated body weight (requiring the patient's height and a complex formula). Consequently, a protective ventilation strategy is often under-utilized as a therapeutic option, even in ARDS. Recent data supports the generalization of this strategy prophylactically to almost all mechanically ventilated patients beginning immediately following intubation. Using tools to rapidly and reliably determine the predicted body weight (PBW), as well as the use of automated modes of ventilation are some of the potential solutions to facilitate the practice of protective ventilation and to finally ventilate our patients' lungs in a more gentle fashion to help prevent ARDS.
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