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Ren B, Wang Y, Chen H, Diao L, Wang J, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yin R, Wang Y. A Portable Nucleic Acid Sensor Based on PCR for Simple, Rapid, and Sensitive Testing of Botrytis cinerea in Ginseng. PLANT DISEASE 2023; 107:3362-3369. [PMID: 37202217 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-08-22-1839-sr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Botrytis cinerea is a ubiquitous pathogen that can infect at least 200 dicotyledonous plant species including many agriculturally and economically important crops. In Ginseng, the fungus may cause ginseng gray mold disease, causing great economic losses in the ginseng industry. Therefore, the early detection of B. cinerea in the process of ginseng production is necessary for the disease prevention and control of the pathogen's spread. In this study, a polymerase chain reaction-nucleic acid sensor (PCR-NAS) rapid detection technique was established, and it can be used for field detection of B. cinerea through antipollution design and portable integration. The present study showed that the sensitivity of PCR-NAS technology is 10 times higher than that of traditional PCR-electrophoresis, and there is no need for expensive detection equipment or professional technicians. The detection results of nucleic acid sensors can be read by the naked eye in under 3 min. Meanwhile, the technique has high specificity for the detection of B. cinerea. The testing of 50 field samples showed that the detection results of PCR-NAS were consistent with those of the real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) method. The PCR-NAS technique established in this study can be used as a novel nucleic acid field detection technique, and it has a potential application in the field detection of B. cinerea to achieve early warning of the pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bairu Ren
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun 130118, China
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Huijie Chen
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Lei Diao
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Jiaxin Wang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Laboratory for Cultivation and Breeding of Medicinal Plants of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuoyuan Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Yongzhe Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Meiping Zhang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Rui Yin
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, Jilin, China
| | - Yanfang Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Research Center Ginseng Genetic Resources Development and Utilization, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Agricultural University, Laboratory for Cultivation and Breeding of Medicinal Plants of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130118, China
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2
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Nan X, Yao X, Yang L, Cui Y. Lateral flow assay of pathogenic viruses and bacteria in healthcare. Analyst 2023; 148:4573-4590. [PMID: 37655501 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00719g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare-associated pathogenic viruses and bacteria can have a serious impact on human health and have attracted widespread global attention. The lateral flow assay is a unidirectional detection based on the binding of a target analyte and a bioreceptor on the device via lateral flow. With incredible advantages over traditional chromatographic methods, such as rapid detection, ease of manufacture and cost effectiveness, these test strips are increasingly considered the ideal form for point-of-care applications. This review explores lateral flow assays for pathogenic viruses and bacteria, with a particular focus on methodologies, device components, construction methods, and applications. We anticipate that this review could provide exciting opportunities for developing new lateral flow devices for pathogens and advance related healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanxu Nan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University; First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
| | - Xuesong Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University; First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
| | - Li Yang
- Peking University First Hospital; Peking University Institute of Nephrology, Beijing 100034, P. R. China.
| | - Yue Cui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University; First Hospital Interdisciplinary Research Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China.
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3
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Kropaneva M, Khramtsov P, Bochkova M, Lazarev S, Kiselkov D, Rayev M. Vertical Flow Immunoassay Based on Carbon Black Nanoparticles for the Detection of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Human Serum: Proof-of-Concept. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:857. [PMID: 37754091 PMCID: PMC10526127 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Point-of-care tests play an important role in serological diagnostics of infectious diseases and post-vaccination immunity monitoring, including in COVID-19. Currently, lateral flow tests dominate in this area and show good analytical performance. However, studies to improve the effectiveness of such tests remain important. In comparison with lateral flow tests, vertical flow immunoassays allow for a reduction in assay duration and the influence of the hook effect. Additionally, the use of carbon black nanoparticles (CNPs) as a color label can provide a lower detection limit (LOD) compared to conventional colloidal gold. Therefore, we have developed a vertical flow immunoassay for the detection of IgG against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein in human serum samples by applying a conjugate of CNPs with anti-human IgG mouse monoclonal antibodies (CNP@MAb). The vertical flow assay device consists of a plastic cassette with a hole on its top containing a nitrocellulose membrane coated with spike protein and an absorbent pad. The serum sample, washing buffer, and CNP@MAb flow vertically through the nitrocellulose membrane and absorbent pads, reducing assay time and simplifying the procedure. In positive samples, the interaction of CNP@MAb with anti-spike antibodies leads to the appearance of black spots, which can be visually detected. The developed method allows for rapid visual detection (5-7 min) of IgG vs. spike protein, with a LOD of 7.81 BAU/mL. It has been shown that an untrained operator can perform the assay and visually evaluate its results. Thus, the presented assay can be used in the further development of test systems for the serological diagnostics of COVID-19 or post-vaccination immunity monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kropaneva
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.K.); (M.R.)
- Biology Faculty, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Pavel Khramtsov
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.K.); (M.R.)
- Biology Faculty, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.K.); (M.R.)
- Biology Faculty, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Sergey Lazarev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.K.); (M.R.)
- Biology Faculty, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
| | - Dmitriy Kiselkov
- Institute of Technical Chemistry, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614013 Perm, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 614081 Perm, Russia; (M.K.); (M.R.)
- Biology Faculty, Perm State University, 614990 Perm, Russia
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4
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Younes N, Yassine HM, Kourentzi K, Tang P, Litvinov D, Willson RC, Abu-Raddad LJ, Nasrallah GK. A review of rapid food safety testing: using lateral flow assay platform to detect foodborne pathogens. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:9910-9932. [PMID: 37350754 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2217921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
The detrimental impact of foodborne pathogens on human health makes food safety a major concern at all levels of production. Conventional methods to detect foodborne pathogens, such as live culture, high-performance liquid chromatography, and molecular techniques, are relatively tedious, time-consuming, laborious, and expensive, which hinders their use for on-site applications. Recurrent outbreaks of foodborne illness have heightened the demand for rapid and simple technologies for detection of foodborne pathogens. Recently, Lateral flow assays (LFA) have drawn attention because of their ability to detect pathogens rapidly, cheaply, and on-site. Here, we reviewed the latest developments in LFAs to detect various foodborne pathogens in food samples, giving special attention to how reporters and labels have improved LFA performance. We also discussed different approaches to improve LFA sensitivity and specificity. Most importantly, due to the lack of studies on LFAs for the detection of viral foodborne pathogens in food samples, we summarized our recent research on developing LFAs for the detection of viral foodborne pathogens. Finally, we highlighted the main challenges for further development of LFA platforms. In summary, with continuing improvements, LFAs may soon offer excellent performance at point-of-care that is competitive with laboratory techniques while retaining a rapid format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadin Younes
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hadi M Yassine
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Katerina Kourentzi
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dmitri Litvinov
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Integrated Bio & Nano Systems, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Richard C Willson
- William A. Brookshire Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laith J Abu-Raddad
- Infectious Disease Epidemiology Group, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Disease Epidemiology Analytics on HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Infections, and Viral Hepatitis, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Cornell University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Healthcare Policy and Research, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gheyath K Nasrallah
- Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
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5
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Liu H, Ji F, Ding SN. Carbon black as a colorimetric label for an immunochromatographic test strip for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus detection. Analyst 2023. [PMID: 37194303 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
To combat the ongoing threat posed by severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV), especially in underserved areas, there is an urgent need for an affordable and reliable point-of-care diagnostic tool. This study presents a carbon black-based immunochromatographic test strip (CB-ICTS) for the detection of SFTSV, which is both quick and easy to operate. The study optimized the specific steps for carbon black-labeled antibodies, as well as the amount of carbon black and anti-SFTSV antibody used. Under optimal experimental conditions, the linear range and limit of detection of the CB-ICTS were evaluated using different concentrations of SFTSV standard samples. The detection range of the CB-ICTS for SFTSV was found to be 0.1-1000 ng mL-1, with a limit of detection of 100 pg mL-1. The precision and accuracy of the CB-ICTS were assessed by examining spiked healthy human serum samples, which displayed recoveries ranging from 91.58 to 105.4% with a coefficient of variation of less than 11%. This work evaluated the specificity of the CB-ICTS using various biomarkers (CA125, AFP, CA199, CEA, and HCG) and demonstrated that the CB-ICTS is highly specific for detecting SFTSV, suggesting its potential for the early diagnosis of SFTSV. In addition, the study evaluated the CB-ICTS in serum samples from patients with SFTSV, and the results were highly consistent with those detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Overall, this study demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of using the CB-ICTS as a reliable point-of-care diagnostic tool for the early detection of SFTSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Ji
- Jiangsu King's Luck Brewery Joint-Stock Co., Ltd, Lianshui 223411, China
| | - Shou-Nian Ding
- Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China.
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6
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Ince B, Sezgintürk MK. Lateral flow assays for viruses diagnosis: Up-to-date technology and future prospects. Trends Analyt Chem 2022; 157:116725. [PMID: 35815063 PMCID: PMC9252863 DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacteria, viruses, and parasites are harmful microorganisms that cause infectious diseases. Early detection of diseases is critical to prevent disease transmission and provide epidemic preparedness, as these can cause widespread deaths and public health crises, particularly in resource-limited countries. Lateral flow assay (LFA) systems are simple-to-use, disposable, inexpensive diagnostic devices to test biomarkers in blood and urine samples. Thus, LFA has recently received significant attention, especially during the pandemic. Here, first of all, the design principles and working mechanisms of existing LFA methods are examined. Then, current LFA implementation strategies are presented for communicable disease diagnoses, including COVID-19, zika and dengue, HIV, hepatitis, influenza, malaria, and other pathogens. Furthermore, this review focuses on an overview of current problems and accessible solutions in detecting infectious agents and diseases by LFA, focusing on increasing sensitivity with various detection methods. In addition, future trends in LFA-based diagnostics are envisioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Ince
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Faculty of Engineering, Bioengineering Department, Çanakkale, Turkey
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7
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Development of a Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based DNA Lateral Flow Assay as a Point-of-Care Diagnostic for Fast and Simultaneous Detection of MRSA and Vancomycin Resistance in Bacteremia. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12112691. [DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To reduce high mortality and morbidity rates, timely and proper treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection is required. A multiplex polymerase reaction (mPCR)-based DNA lateral flow assay (MBDLFA) was developed as a point-of-care diagnostic for simultaneous identification of S. aureus, methicillin resistance, and vancomycin resistance directly from blood or blood cultures. A mPCR was developed to detect nuc, mecA, and vanA/B; its sensitivity, specificity, and limit of detection (LOD) were determined. The developed reaction was further modified for use in MBDLFA and its sensitivity for detection of target genes from artificially inoculated blood samples was checked. The optimized mPCR successfully detected nuc, mecA, and vanA/B from genomic DNA of bacterial colonies with LODs of 107, 107, and 105 CFU/mL, respectively. The reaction was sensitive and specific. The optimized mPCR was used in MBDLFA that detected nuc, mecA, and vanA/B with LODs of 107, 108, and 104 CFU/mL, respectively, directly from artificially inoculated blood. The developed MBDLFA can be used as a rapid, cheap point-of-care diagnostic for detecting S. aureus, MRSA, and vancomycin resistance directly from blood and blood cultures in ~2 h with the naked eye. This will reduce morbidity, mortality, and treatment cost in S. aureus bacteremia.
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8
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Charlermroj R, Makornwattana M, Phuengwas S, Karoonuthaisiri N. A rapid colorimetric lateral flow test strip for detection of live Salmonella Enteritidis using whole phage as a specific binder. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1008817. [PMID: 36246228 PMCID: PMC9556839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Specific antibodies are essential components of immunoassay, which can be applied for the detection of pathogens. However, producing an antibody specific to live bacterial pathogens by the classical method of immunizing animals with live pathogens can be impractical. Phage display technology is an effective alternative method to obtain antibodies with the desired specificity against selected antigenic molecules. In this study, we demonstrated the power of a microarray-based technique for obtaining specific phage-derived antibody fragments against Salmonella, an important foodborne pathogen. The selected phage-displayed antibody fragments were subsequently employed to develop a lateral flow test strip assay for the detection of live Salmonella. The test strips showed specificity to Salmonella Enteritidis without cross-reactivity to eight serovars of Salmonella or other bacteria strains. The test strip assay requires 15 min, whereas the conventional biochemical and serological confirmation test requires at least 24 h. The microarray screening technique for specific phage-based binders and the test strip method can be further applied to other foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratthaphol Charlermroj
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
- *Correspondence: Ratthaphol Charlermroj,
| | - Manlika Makornwattana
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Sudtida Phuengwas
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Nitsara Karoonuthaisiri
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), Pathum Thani, Thailand
- International Joint Research Center on Food Security, Pathum Thani, Thailand
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
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9
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Nuntawong P, Horikawa T, Tanaka H, Morimoto S, Sakamoto S. Activated Carbon-Based Immunochromatographic Strip Test for the Rapid Qualitative Analysis of Swertiamarin and Sweroside. J AOAC Int 2022; 105:1460-1467. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsac054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Swertia japonica (S. japonica) is a medicinal plant that belongs to the Gentianaceae family. Several reports confirm the biological effects of the S. japonica extract. This plant is used mainly as a digestive stimulant, appetite stimulant, and gastrointestinal disease remedy in Japan. Secoiridoid glycosides are a group of compounds related to the beneficial effects of this plant.
Objective
We developed an immunochromatographic strip test for major secoiridoid glycosides, such as swertiamarin (SM) and sweroside (SS) detection.
Methods
We fabricated an immunoprobe using activated carbon as a reporter molecule and a monoclonal antibody against SM and SS (MAb D2) as a detection molecule. The test and control zones of the strip test contained SM-cBSA and Goat pAb anti-mouse IgM HRP conjugate, respectively. The immunoprobe reacted competitively with free SM and/or SS and immobilized SM-cBSA. The results were read and interpreted by the black spot intensity in the test zone.
Results
We succeeded in developing a strip test system with a detection limit (LOD) of 12.5 µg/mL. The selectivity and reliability evaluation revealed that the strip test is suitable for detecting SM and SS in S. japonica. The result was ready to be read in 30 min.
Conclusions
This method can be a useful tool for the screening of biologically active S. japonica samples for further preparation of traditional medicine.
Highlights
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first immunochromatographic strip test developed for the detection of SM and SS in S. japonica samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poomraphie Nuntawong
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Taiki Horikawa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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Kiemde F, Tinto H, Carter J, Rouamba T, Valia D, Conteh L, Sicuri E, Simmons B, Nour B, Mumbengegwi D, Hailu A, Munene S, Talha A, Aemero M, Meakin P, Paulussen R, Page S, Dijk NV, Mens P, Schallig H. Phase 3 evaluation of an innovative simple molecular test for the diagnosis of malaria in different endemic and health settings in sub-Saharan Africa (DIAGMAL). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272847. [PMID: 36048775 PMCID: PMC9436057 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTs) have become the cornerstone for the management of malaria in many endemic settings, but their use is constrained for several reasons: (i) persistent malaria antigen (histidine-rich protein 2; HRP2) leading to false positive test results; (ii) hrp2 deletions leading to false negative PfHRP2 results; and (iii) limited sensitivity with a detection threshold of around 100 parasites/μl blood (pLDH- and HRP2-based) leading to false negative tests. Microscopy is still the gold standard for malaria diagnosis, and allows for species determination and quantitation, but requires trained microscopists, maintained microscopes and has detection limit issues. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop and evaluate more sensitive and accurate diagnostic tests. To address this need we have developed a direct on blood mini PCR-NALFIA test that combines the benefits of molecular biology with low infrastructural requirements and extensive training. Methods This is a Phase 3 diagnostic evaluation in 5 African countries. Study sites (Sudan, Ethiopia, Burkina, Kenya and Namibia) were selected to ensure wide geographical coverage of Africa and to address various malaria epidemiological contexts ranging from high transmission to near elimination settings with different clinical scenarios and diagnostic challenges. Study participants will be enrolled at the study health facilities after obtaining written informed consent. Diagnostic accuracy will be assessed following the WHO/TDR guidelines for the evaluation of diagnostics and reported according to STARD principles. Due to the lack of a 100% specific and sensitive standard diagnostic test for malaria, the sensitivity and specificity of the new test will be compared to the available diagnostic practices in place at the selected sites and to quantitative PCR as the reference test. Discussion This phase 3 study is designed to validate the clinical performance and feasibility of implementing a new diagnostic tool for the detection of malaria in real clinical settings. If successful, the proposed technology will improve the diagnosis of malaria. Enrolment started in November 2022 (Kenya) with assessment of long term outcome to be completed by 2023 at all recruitment sites. Trial registration Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org) PACTR202202766889963 on 01/02/2022 and ISCRTN (www.isrctn.com/) ISRCTN13334317 on 22/02/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Halidou Tinto
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | | | | | - Daniel Valia
- Clinical Research Unit of Nanoro, Nanoro, Burkina Faso
| | - Lesong Conteh
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Sicuri
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bryony Simmons
- London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bakri Nour
- Blue Nile National Institute for Communicable Diseases, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Sudan
| | | | - Asrat Hailu
- University of Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | | | - Paul Meakin
- Innova Partnerships, St Fillans, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Norbert van Dijk
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunology, Infectious Diseases Programme, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Petra Mens
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunology, Infectious Diseases Programme, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk Schallig
- Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunology, Infectious Diseases Programme, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Academic Medical Centre at the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Nuntawong P, Putalun W, Tanaka H, Morimoto S, Sakamoto S. Lateral flow immunoassay for small-molecules detection in phytoproducts: a review. J Nat Med 2022; 76:521-545. [PMID: 35171397 PMCID: PMC9165253 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01605-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Phytoproducts are involved in various fields of industry. Small-molecule (Mw < 900 Da) organic compounds can be used to indicate the quality of plant samples in the perspective of efficacy by measuring the necessary secondary metabolites and in the perspective of safety by measuring the adulterant level of toxic compounds. The development of reliable detection methods for these compounds in such a complicated matrix is challenging. The lateral flow immunoassay (LFA) is one of the immunoassays well-known for its simplicity, portability, and rapidity. In this review, the general principle, components, format, and application of the LFA for phytoproducts are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poomraphie Nuntawong
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Waraporn Putalun
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Research Group for Pharmaceutical Activities of Natural Products Using Pharmaceutical Biotechnology (PANPB), National Research University-Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hiroyuki Tanaka
- School of Pharmacy, Sanyo-Onoda City University, 1-1-1 Daigakudouri, Sanyo-onoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0884, Japan
| | - Satoshi Morimoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Seiichi Sakamoto
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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12
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Wang Y, Chen H, Wei H, Rong Z, Wang S. Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR combined with dual-color fluorescent lateral flow assay for the discrimination of SARS-CoV-2 and its mutations with a handheld wireless reader. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1531-1541. [PMID: 35266944 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc01167g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Several virulent variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged along with the spread of this virus throughout the population. Some variants can exhibit increased transmissibility and reduced immune neutralization reactivity. These changes are deeply concerning issues that may hinder the ongoing effort of epidemic control measures, especially mass vaccination campaigns. The accurate discrimination of SARS-CoV-2 and its emerging variants is essential to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Herein, we report a low-cost, facile, and highly sensitive diagnostic platform that can simultaneously distinguish wild-type (WT) SARS-CoV-2 and its two mutations, namely, D614G and N501Y, within 2 h. WT or mutant (M) nucleic acid fragments at each allelic locus were selectively amplified by the tetra-primer amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS)-PCR assay. Allele-specific amplicons were simultaneously detected by two test lines on a quantum dot nanobead (QB)-based dual-color fluorescent test strip, which could be interpreted by the naked eye or by a home-made fluorescent strip readout device that was wirelessly connected to a smartphone for quantitative data analysis and result presentation. The WT and M viruses were indicated and were strictly discriminated by the presence of a green or red band on test line 1 for the D614G site and test line 2 for the N501Y site. The limits of detection (LODs) for the WT and M D614G were estimated as 78.91 and 33.53 copies per μL, respectively. This assay was also modified for the simultaneous detection of the N and ORF1ab genes of SARS-CoV-2 with LODs of 1.90 and 6.07 copies per μL, respectively. The proposed platform can provide a simple, accurate, and affordable diagnostic approach for the screening of SARS-CoV-2 and its variants of concern even in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Molecular Diagnosis Technologies for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Hong Chen
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Molecular Diagnosis Technologies for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Hongjuan Wei
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Molecular Diagnosis Technologies for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Rong
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Molecular Diagnosis Technologies for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
| | - Shengqi Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 100850, P. R. China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of New Molecular Diagnosis Technologies for Infectious Diseases, Beijing 100850, P. R. China
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13
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Gil Rosa B, Akingbade OE, Guo X, Gonzalez-Macia L, Crone MA, Cameron LP, Freemont P, Choy KL, Güder F, Yeatman E, Sharp DJ, Li B. Multiplexed immunosensors for point-of-care diagnostic applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 203:114050. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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14
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Sensitive recognition of Shiga toxin using biosensor technology: An efficient platform towards bioanalysis of pathogenic bacterial. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Ginés I, Gaiani G, Ruhela A, Skouridou V, Campàs M, Masip L. Nucleic acid lateral flow dipstick assay for the duplex detection of Gambierdiscus australes and Gambierdiscus excentricus. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 110:102135. [PMID: 34887012 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The proliferation of harmful microalgae endangers aquatic ecosystems and can have serious economic implications on a global level. Harmful microalgae and their associated toxins also pose a threat to human health since they can cause seafood-borne diseases such as ciguatera. Implementation of DNA-based molecular methods together with appropriate detection strategies in monitoring programs can support the efforts for effective prevention of potential outbreaks. A PCR-lateral flow assay (PCR-LFA) in dipstick format was developed in this work for the detection of two Gambierdiscus species, G. australes and G. excentricus, which are known to produce highly potent neurotoxins known as ciguatoxins and have been associated with ciguatera outbreaks. Duplex PCR amplification of genomic DNA from strains of these species utilizing species-specific ssDNA tailed primers and a common primer containing the binding sequence of scCro DNA binding protein resulted in the generation of hybrid ssDNA-dsDNA amplicons. These were captured on the dipsticks via hybridization with complementary probes and detected with a scCro/carbon nanoparticle (scCro/CNPs) conjugate. The two different test zones on the dipsticks allowed the discrimination of the two species and the assay exhibited high sensitivity, 6.3 pg/μL of genomic DNA from both G. australes and G. excentricus. The specificity of the approach was also demonstrated using genomic DNA from non-target Gambierdiscus species and other microalgae genera which did not produce any signals. The possibility to use cells directly for amplification instead of purified genomic DNA suggested the compatibility of the approach with field sample testing. Future work is required to further explore the potential use of the strategy for on-site analysis and its applicability to other toxic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Ginés
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 26 Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Greta Gaiani
- IRTA, Ctra Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Ankur Ruhela
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 26 Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vasso Skouridou
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 26 Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mònica Campàs
- IRTA, Ctra Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 Sant Carles de la Ràpita, Spain
| | - Lluis Masip
- Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 26 Països Catalans, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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16
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Kholdi S, Motamedifar M, Fani F, Mohebi S, Bazargani A. Virulence factors, serogroups, and antibiotic resistance of Shiga-toxin producing Escherichia coli from raw beef, chicken meat, and vegetables in Southwest Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH 2021; 22:180-187. [PMID: 34777517 DOI: 10.22099/ijvr.2021.39266.5706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important food-borne pathogen causing human diseases with severe symptoms. Although the O157 serotype has been mostly isolated from human specimens, the increasing incidence rates of non-O157 serogroups have attracted special attention in recent years. Aims Evaluation of the epidemiology and identification of different characteristics of STEC isolates from raw beef, chicken meat, and vegetable samples in Shiraz, Southwest Iran. Methods Two hundred beef and chicken meat samples from different parts of carcasses and four hundred vegetable samples (carrots, lettuce, cucumber, and leafy greens) were randomly taken; STEC were isolated and confirmed using standard microbiological methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used for the identification of O-serogroups, virulence, and antibiotic resistance genes. Results 52% of beef, 8% of chicken, and 7.2% of vegetable samples were STEC-positive. Further, the highest frequency of virulence factors belonged to the co-existence of stx1 and stx2. O157 serogroup was only detected in beef (3.8%) and lettuce (16.6%) isolates, while the rates of the non-O157 serogroups were relatively high (up to 44.2%). The highest resistance rate in the STEC isolates of different samples belonged to nalidixic acid (62.5%), tetracycline (55.7%), and ampicillin (48%). Conclusion Paying more attention to non-O157 serogroups in future studies is recommended due to the relatively high prevalence of theses STEC serogroups in our study. Besides, the high level of resistance to some antibiotics observed in this study needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kholdi
- Ph.D. Student in Bacteriology, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - M Motamedifar
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Shiraz HIV/AIDS Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - F Fani
- Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - S Mohebi
- Ph.D. Student in Bacteriology, Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - A Bazargani
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Shiraz Medical School, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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17
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Perju A, Wongkaew N. Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021. [PMID: 33913001 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03301-y/published] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA's performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Perju
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nongnoot Wongkaew
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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18
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Hassanain WA, Spoors J, Johnson CL, Faulds K, Keegan N, Graham D. Rapid ultra-sensitive diagnosis of clostridium difficile infection using a SERS-based lateral flow assay. Analyst 2021; 146:4495-4505. [PMID: 34184680 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00726b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection is one of the most contagious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in hospitalised patients. Accurate diagnosis can slow its spread by determining the most effective treatment. Herein, we report a novel testing platform as a proof-of-concept for the selective, sensitive, rapid and cost-effective diagnosis of C. diff infection (CDI) based on a duplex measurement. This was achieved by detecting two specific biomarkers, surface layer protein A (SlpA) and toxin B (ToxB), using a surface enhanced Raman scattering-based lateral flow assay (SERS-based LFA). The simultaneous duplex detection of SlpA with ToxB has not been described for the clinical diagnosis of CDI previously. The SlpA biomarker "AKDGSTKEDQLVDALA" was first reported by our group in 2018 as a species-specific identification tool. The second biomarker, ToxB, is the essential virulence biomarker of C. diff pathogenic strains and is required to confirm true infection pathogenicity. The proposed SERS-based LFA platform enabled rapid duplex detection of SlpA and ToxB on separate test lines using a duplex LF test strip within 20 minutes. The use of a handheld Raman spectrometer to scan test lines allowed for the highly sensitive quantitative detection of both biomarkers with a lowest observable concentration of 0.01 pg μL-1. The use of a handheld device in this SERS-based LFA instead of benchtop machine paves the way for rapid, selective, sensitive and cheap clinical evaluation of CDI at the point of care (POC) with minimal sample backlog.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed A Hassanain
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Julia Spoors
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Christopher L Johnson
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Karen Faulds
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
| | - Neil Keegan
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Duncan Graham
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Technology and Innovation Centre, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1RD, UK.
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19
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Wang L, Wang X, Cheng L, Ding S, Wang G, Choo J, Chen L. SERS-based test strips: Principles, designs and applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113360. [PMID: 34051383 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Test strips represent a class of point-of-care testing (POCT) tools for analysis of a variety of biomarkers towards diagnostics. Conventional test strips offer benefits of simple operation, visualization, and short detection time, along with the drawbacks of relatively low sensitivity and unavailability of quantitative analysis. Recently, the combination of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and test strips have evolved to provide a powerful platform capable of ultrasensitive and multiplex detection of extensive analytes of interest. In this review, we focus on the working principles, design strategies and POCT applications of SERS-based test strips. Initially, both lateral and vertical flow test strips are briefly introduced, followed by presentation of various strategies for reforming SERS-based test strips with better detection performance. Applications of SERS-based test strips in diagnosis of disease biomarkers, nucleic acids and toxins are reviewed, with an emphasis on SERS tag design, sensitivity and analytical applicability. Finally, conclusions are made and perspectives on futuristic research directions are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, China
| | - Lu Cheng
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shansen Ding
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea.
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, 264003, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
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20
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Perju A, Wongkaew N. Integrating high-performing electrochemical transducers in lateral flow assay. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:5535-5549. [PMID: 33913001 PMCID: PMC8410735 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03301-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (LFAs) are the best-performing and best-known point-of-care tests worldwide. Over the last decade, they have experienced an increasing interest by researchers towards improving their analytical performance while maintaining their robust assay platform. Commercially, visual and optical detection strategies dominate, but it is especially the research on integrating electrochemical (EC) approaches that may have a chance to significantly improve an LFA’s performance that is needed in order to detect analytes reliably at lower concentrations than currently possible. In fact, EC-LFAs offer advantages in terms of quantitative determination, low-cost, high sensitivity, and even simple, label-free strategies. Here, the various configurations of EC-LFAs published are summarized and critically evaluated. In short, most of them rely on applying conventional transducers, e.g., screen-printed electrode, to ensure reliability of the assay, and additional advances are afforded by the beneficial features of nanomaterials. It is predicted that these will be further implemented in EC-LFAs as high-performance transducers. Considering the low cost of point-of-care devices, it becomes even more important to also identify strategies that efficiently integrate nanomaterials into EC-LFAs in a high-throughput manner while maintaining their favorable analytical performance. Graphical abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Perju
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nongnoot Wongkaew
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
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21
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Porras JC, Bernuz M, Marfa J, Pallares-Rusiñol A, Martí M, Pividori MI. Comparative Study of Gold and Carbon Nanoparticles in Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Assay. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:741. [PMID: 33804266 PMCID: PMC8000918 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
A lateral flow assay (LFA) is a paper-based, point-of-need test designed to detect a specific analyte in complex samples in low-resource settings. Although LFA has been successfully used in different applications, its use is still limited when high sensitivity is required, especially in the diagnosis of an early-stage condition. The limit of detection (LOD) is clearly related to the signal-generating system used to achieve the visual readout, in many cases involving nanoparticles coupled to a biomolecule, which, when combined, provides sensitivity and specificity, respectively. While colloidal gold is currently the most-used label, other detection systems are being developed. Carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) demonstrate outstanding features to improve the sensitivity of this technology by producing an increased contrast in the paper background. Based on the necessity of sensitivity improvement, the aim of this work is a comparative study, in terms of analytical performance, between commercial streptavidin gold nanoparticles (streptAv-AuNPs) and avidin carbon nanoparticles (Av-CNPs) in a nucleic acid lateral flow assay. The visual LOD of the method was calculated by serial dilution of the DNA template, ranging from 0.0 to 7 pg μL-1/1.5 × 104 CFU mL-1). The LFA achieved visual detection of as low as 2.2 × 10-2 pg μL-1 using Av-CNPs and 8.4 × 10-2 pg μL-1 using streptAv-AuNPs. These LODs could be obtained without the assistance of any instrumentation. The results demonstrate that CNPs showed an increased sensitivity, achieving the nanomolar range even by visual inspection. Furthermore, CNPs are the cheapest labels, and the suspensions are very stable and easy to modify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Porras
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (J.C.P.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (A.P.-R.)
| | - Mireia Bernuz
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (J.C.P.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (A.P.-R.)
| | - Jennifer Marfa
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (J.C.P.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (A.P.-R.)
| | - Arnau Pallares-Rusiñol
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (J.C.P.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (A.P.-R.)
| | - Mercè Martí
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
| | - María Isabel Pividori
- Grup de Sensors i Biosensors, Departament de Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain; (J.C.P.); (M.B.); (J.M.); (A.P.-R.)
- Institute of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain;
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22
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Sharma R, Verma A, Shinde N, Mann B, Gandhi K, Wichers JH, van Amerongen A. Adulteration of cow's milk with buffalo's milk detected by an on-site carbon nanoparticles-based lateral flow immunoassay. Food Chem 2021; 351:129311. [PMID: 33636533 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A competitive lateral flow immunoassay using amorphous carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) and non-immunoglobulin antigen has been developed for the rapid detection of adulteration of cow's milk with buffalo's milk. Purified polyclonal antibodies against a specific buffalo's milk protein fraction were conjugated to CNPs and sprayed on a conjugate pad. The test line consisted of buffalo's skimmed milk proteins (1.6 μg/cm), while the control line contained anti-rabbit antibodies raised in goat (0.5 μg/cm). In the test procedure milk sample is mixed with 100 mM borate buffer (pH 8.8 containing 1% BSA and 0.05% Tween 20) and pipetted onto the sample-cum-conjugate pad. A black/grey test line can be observed if the sample is free from buffalo's milk. The sensitivity of the test i.e. no visible test line is 5% adulteration of cow's milk with buffalo's milk. The test has applicability at the milk receiving stations and can be applied to heated milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Sharma
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132 001, India.
| | - Archana Verma
- Animal Genetics & Breeding Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132 001, India
| | - Nitin Shinde
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132 001, India
| | - Bimlesh Mann
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132 001, India
| | - Kamal Gandhi
- Dairy Chemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal 132 001, India
| | - Jan H Wichers
- BioSensing & Diagnostics, Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Aart van Amerongen
- BioSensing & Diagnostics, Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708 WG Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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23
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Paper-Based Biosensors with Lateral/Vertical Flow Assay. Bioanalysis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-8723-8_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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24
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Recent advances in sensitivity enhancement for lateral flow assay. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:379. [PMID: 34647157 PMCID: PMC8513549 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Conventional lateral flow assay (LFA) is typically performed by observing the color changes in the test lines by naked eyes, which achieves considerable commercial success and has a significant impact on the fields of food safety, environment monitoring, disease diagnosis, and other applications. However, this qualitative detection method is not very suitable for low levels of disease biomarkers' detection. Although many nanomaterials are used as new labels for LFA, additional readers limit their application to some extent. Fortunately, a lot of work has been done for improving the sensitivity of LFA. In this review, currently reported LFA sensitivity enhancement methods with an objective evaluation are summarized, such as sample pretreatment, the change of flow rate, and label evolution, and future development direction and challenges of LFAs are discussed.
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25
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Serebrennikova KV, Hendrickson OD, Zvereva EA, Popravko DS, Zherdev AV, Xu C, Dzantiev BB. A Comparative Study of Approaches to Improve the Sensitivity of Lateral Flow Immunoassay of the Antibiotic Lincomycin. BIOSENSORS 2020; 10:E198. [PMID: 33287157 PMCID: PMC7761767 DOI: 10.3390/bios10120198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This study provides a comparative assessment of the various nanodispersed markers and related detection techniques used in the immunochromatographic detection of an antibiotic lincomycin (LIN). Improving the sensitivity of the competitive lateral flow immunoassay is important, given the increasing demands for the monitoring of chemical contaminants in food. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) were used for the development and comparison of three approaches for the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) of LIN, namely, colorimetric, fluorescence, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-based LFIAs. It was demonstrated that, for colorimetric and fluorescence analysis, the detection limits were comparable at 0.4 and 0.2 ng/mL, respectively. A SERS-based method allowed achieving the gain of five orders of magnitude in the assay sensitivity (1.4 fg/mL) compared to conventional LFIAs. Therefore, an integration of a SERS reporter into the LFIA is a promising tool for extremely sensitive quantitative detection of target analytes. However, implementation of this time-consuming technique requires expensive equipment and skilled personnel. In contrast, conventional AuNP- and QD-based LFIAs can provide simple, rapid, and inexpensive point-of-care testing for practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kseniya V. Serebrennikova
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Olga D. Hendrickson
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Elena A. Zvereva
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Demid S. Popravko
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Anatoly V. Zherdev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
| | - Chuanlai Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China;
| | - Boris B. Dzantiev
- Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, A.N. Bach Institute of Biochemistry, Leninsky Prospect 33, 119071 Moscow, Russia; (K.V.S.); (O.D.H.); (E.A.Z.); (D.S.P.); (A.V.Z.)
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Fang W, Cai Y, Zhu L, Wang H, Lu Y. Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae Based on Recombinase-Aided Amplification Combining with Lateral Flow Assay. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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27
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Tutorial: design and fabrication of nanoparticle-based lateral-flow immunoassays. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:3788-3816. [PMID: 33097926 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-0357-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lateral-flow assays (LFAs) are quick, simple and cheap assays to analyze various samples at the point of care or in the field, making them one of the most widespread biosensors currently available. They have been successfully employed for the detection of a myriad of different targets (ranging from atoms up to whole cells) in all type of samples (including water, blood, foodstuff and environmental samples). Their operation relies on the capillary flow of the sample throughout a series of sequential pads, each with different functionalities aiming to generate a signal to indicate the absence/presence (and, in some cases, the concentration) of the analyte of interest. To have a user-friendly operation, their development requires the optimization of multiple, interconnected parameters that may overwhelm new developers. In this tutorial, we provide the readers with: (i) the basic knowledge to understand the principles governing an LFA and to take informed decisions during lateral flow strip design and fabrication, (ii) a roadmap for optimal LFA development independent of the specific application, (iii) a step-by-step example procedure for the assembly and operation of an LF strip for the detection of human IgG and (iv) an extensive troubleshooting section addressing the most frequent issues in designing, assembling and using LFAs. By changing only the receptors, the provided example procedure can easily be adapted for cost-efficient detection of a broad variety of targets.
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Development and application of a colloidal carbon test strip for the detection of antibodies against Mycoplasma bovis. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:157. [PMID: 32964289 PMCID: PMC7508640 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is an important bovine mycoplasma implicated in economically important clinical diseases, such as respiratory diseases, otitis media, and mastitis. The prevalence of M. bovis-associated mastitis in both cattle and buffaloes has been increasingly recognized as a global problem. High morbidity rates and consequential economic losses have been devastating to the affected cattle and buffalo farms, especially those in developing countries. Therefore, a rapid and accurate method is urgently needed to detect M. bovis. In this study, a rapid and simple lateral flow strip for detecting antibodies against M. bovis was established that used carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) as the labelled materials. The results from the test strip were highly consistent with those from ELISA. The test showed high specificity (100%) and no cross-reaction with other bovine pathogens. The detection sensitivity of the test was also relatively high (97.67%). All the results indicated that the colloidal carbon test strip could serve as a simple, rapid, sensitive, and specific diagnostic method for detecting antibodies against M. bovis at cattle farms.
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29
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Development of a polymerase chain reaction - Nucleic acid sensor assay for the rapid detection of chicken adulteration. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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30
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van Overbeek LS, Wichers JH, van Amerongen A, van Roermund HJW, van der Zouwen P, Willemsen PTJ. Circulation of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Phylogenetic Group B1 Strains Between Calve Stable Manure and Pasture Land With Grazing Heifers. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1355. [PMID: 32714297 PMCID: PMC7340143 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli strains carrying Shiga toxins 1 and 2 (stx1 and stx2), intimin (eae), and hemolysin (ehxA) production genes were found in grass shoot, rhizosphere soil, and stable manure samples from a small-scale cattle farm located at the center of Netherlands, using cultivation-dependent and -independent microbiological detection techniques. Pasture land with grazing heifers in the first year of sampling in 2014 and without grazing cattle in 2015 was physically separated from the stable that housed rose calves during both years. Manure from the stable was applied to pasture via injection into soil once per year in early spring. Among a variety of 35 phylogenetic distinctly related E. coli strains, one large group consisting of 21 closely resembling E. coli O150:H2 (18), O98:H21 (2), and O84:H2 (1) strains, all belonging to phylogenetic group B1 and carrying all screened virulence traits, was found present on grass shoots (10), rhizosphere soil (3), and stable manure (8) in 2014, but not anymore in 2015 when grazing heifers were absent. Presence and absence of these strains, obtained via enrichments, were confirmed via molecular detection using PCR-NALFIA in all ecosystems in both years. We propose that this group of Shiga toxin-producing E. coli phylogenetic group B1 strains was originally introduced via stable manure injection into the pasture. Upon grazing, these potential pathogens proliferated in the intestinal track systems of the heifers resulting in defecation with higher loads of the STEC strain onto the grass cover. The STEC strain was further smeared over the field via the hooves of the heifers resulting in augmentation of the potential pathogen in the pasture in 2014, whereas in 2015, in the absence of heifers, no augmentation occurred and only a more diverse group of potentially mild virulent E. coli phylogenetic group A and B1 strains, indigenous to pasture plants, remained present. Via this model, it was postulated that human pathogens can circulate between plants and farm animals, using the plant as an alternative ecosystem. These data indicate that grazed pasture must be considered as a potential carrier of human pathogenic E. coli strains and possibly also of other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard S van Overbeek
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen Research (WR), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Jan H Wichers
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen Research (WR), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Aart van Amerongen
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen Research (WR), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | | | | | - Peter T J Willemsen
- Wageningen University and Research (WUR), Wageningen Research (WR), Wageningen, Netherlands
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31
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Emerging design strategies for constructing multiplex lateral flow test strip sensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 157:112168. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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32
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Yin R, Sun Y, Wang K, Feng N, Zhang H, Xiao M. Development of a PCR-based lateral flow strip assay for the simple, rapid, and accurate detection of pork in meat and meat products. Food Chem 2020; 318:126541. [PMID: 32151928 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, adulteration of meat and meat products has become a major food safety issue. PCR and real-time PCR technologies are mainstream methods used to identify animal-derived components. However, these technologies rely highly on costly equipment and professional technicians; they are therefore difficult to use in resource-limited settings. In this study, a novel, highly sensitive molecular assay, Pig-PCR-Strip (Pig specific polymerase chain reaction-Lateral flow strip), was developed for rapid detection of pig and swine-derived components. The assay is based on PCR amplification, hybridization of the PCR product to the probe, followed by detection using a strip format. Using this format, the PCR product can be detected by the naked eye within 3 min, and provides a basis for the migration of species-specific detection to a point-of-care (POC) microfluidic format. The Pig-PCR-Strip can detect pork components at a concentration of 0.01% in adulterated meat, and the limit of detection is up to 10 fg of target DNA. The assay was specific to pork and did not cross-react with other non-target species. It also can be used for commercial samples and complex food samples. It is a promising new tool for detection of pig-derived meat and can be rapidly modified for identifying other species. It could be widely used for solving problems related to meat quality assurance, species authentication, and traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yin
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, Jilin 132101, China.
| | - Yajuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, China
| | - Kangyu Wang
- College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, Jilin 130118, China
| | - Nana Feng
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Mingya Xiao
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, Jilin 132101, China
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33
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Li J, Pollak NM, Macdonald J. Multiplex Detection of Nucleic Acids Using Recombinase Polymerase Amplification and a Molecular Colorimetric 7-Segment Display. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:11388-11396. [PMID: 31460243 PMCID: PMC6682049 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Nucleic acid analysis has become highly relevant for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics since the advent of isothermal amplification methods that do not require thermal cycling. In particular, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) combined with lateral flow detection offers a rapid and simple solution for field-amenable low-resource nucleic acid testing. Expanding POC nucleic acid tests for the detection of multiple analytes is vital to improve diagnostic efficiency because increased multiplexing capacity enables higher information density combined with reduced assay time and costs. Here, we investigate expanding RPA POC detection by identifying a generic multiplex RPA format that can be combined with a generic multiplex lateral flow device (LFD) to enable binary and molecular encoding for the compaction of diagnostic data. This new technology relies on the incorporation of molecular labels to differentiate nucleic acid species spatially on a lateral flow membrane. In particular, we identified additional five molecular labels that can be incorporated during the RPA reaction for subsequent coupling with LFD detection. Combined with two previously demonstrated successful labels, we demonstrate potential to enable hepta-plex detection of RPA reactions coupled to multiplex LFD detection. When this hepta-plex detection is combined with binary and molecular encoding, an intuitive 7-segment output display can be produced. We note that in all experiments, we used an identical DNA template, except for the 5' label on the forward primer, to eliminate any effects of nucleic acid sequence amplification bias. Our proof-of-concept technology demonstration is highly relevant for developing information-compact POC diagnostics where space and time are premium commodities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Genecology
Research Centre, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy
Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia
| | - Nina M. Pollak
- Genecology
Research Centre, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy
Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia
- CSIRO
Synthetic Biology Future Science Platform, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Joanne Macdonald
- Genecology
Research Centre, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, 90 Sippy Downs Drive, Sippy
Downs, Queensland 4556, Australia
- Division
of Experimental Therapeutics, Columbia University, 650 W 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, United States
- E-mail: , .
Phone: +61 7 5456 5944
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34
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Nucleic acid lateral flow assays using a conjugate of a DNA binding protein and carbon nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:426. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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35
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Effect of different-sized gold nanoflowers on the detection performance of immunochromatographic assay for human chorionic gonadotropin detection. Talanta 2019; 194:604-610. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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36
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Yang S, Sun Y, Yang J, Liu Y, Feng H, Zhang G. A gold nanoparticle strip for simultaneously evaluating FMDV immunized antibody level and discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals. RSC Adv 2019; 9:30164-30170. [PMID: 35530212 PMCID: PMC9072146 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A gold nanoparticle strip was developed for rapidly evaluating FMDV type O antibody level and simultaneously discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals. The strip was established depending on the colloidal gold nanoparticle labeling technique. Staphylococcal protein A colloidal gold nanoparticles were used as a probe. The epitope antigens of FMDV structural proteins and nonstructural proteins were dispensed on a nitrocellulose membrane as two test lines, respectively, and goat anti-pig antibody IgG was used as a control line. The assay was evaluated with FMDV immunized, infected sera and positive sera for another virus. The results showed the specificities of the T1 and T2 lines were 95.17% and 100% respectively. The sensitivity was in accordance with commercial ELISA kits. The coincidence rate of the new strip with 3ABC Mab-bELISA and LPB-ELISA was 95.5% and 93.13%, respectively. In summary, this experimental strip could provide a simple, inexpensive and rapid approach for onsite detection of FMDV type O antibody level and discrimination of FMDV vaccinated from infected animals without any expensive instrument. A gold nanoparticle strip was developed for rapidly evaluating FMDV type O antibody level and simultaneously discriminating FMDV vaccinated animals from infected animals.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzhen Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yaning Sun
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jifei Yang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yunchao Liu
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Feng
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Immunology
- Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences
- Zhengzhou
- People's Republic of China
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine
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37
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Luo K, Kim HY, Oh MH, Kim YR. Paper-based lateral flow strip assay for the detection of foodborne pathogens: principles, applications, technological challenges and opportunities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:157-170. [PMID: 30311773 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1516623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
As a representative colorimetic biosnesor, paper-based LFSA have emerged as a promising and robust tool that can easily and instansly detect the presence of target biological components in food sample. Recently, LFSAs have gained a considerable attention as an alternative method for rapid diagnosis of foodborne pathogens to the conventional culture-based assays such as plate counting and PCR. One major drawback of the current LFSAs for the detection of pathogenic bacteria is the low sensitivity, limiting its practical applications in POCT. Not like many other protein-based biomarkers that are present in nM or pM range, the number of pathogenic bacteria that cause disease can be as low as few CFU/ml. Here, we review current advances in LFSAs for the detection of pathogenic bacteria in terms of chromatic agents and analyte types. Furthermore, recent approaches for signal enhancement and modifications of the LFSA architecture for multiplex detection of pathogenic bacteria are included in this review, together with the advantages and limitations of each techniques. Finally, the technological challenges and future prospect of LFSA-based POCT for the detection of pathogenic bacteria are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Luo
- Institute of Life Sciences & Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104 Korea
| | - Hae-Yeong Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences & Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104 Korea
| | - Mi-Hwa Oh
- National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365 Korea
| | - Young-Rok Kim
- Institute of Life Sciences & Resources and Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104 Korea
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38
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Pecchia S, Da Lio D. Development of a rapid PCR-Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay (PCR-NALFIA) based on rDNA IGS sequence analysis for the detection of Macrophomina phaseolina in soil. J Microbiol Methods 2018; 151:118-128. [PMID: 29959955 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The 'Nucleic Acid Lateral Flow Immunoassay' (NALFIA) using a generic 'Lateral Flow Device' (LFD), combined with PCR employing labelled primers (PCR-NALFIA), enables to circumvent the use of electrophoresis, making the diagnostic procedure more rapid and easier. If the specific amplicon is present in the sample, a coloured band, with an intensity proportional to the amplicon concentration, will develop on the LFD strip in addition to the control band. Species-specific primers for M. phaseolina based on the rDNA intergenic spacer (IGS) were developed and their specificity was checked and confirmed using 20 isolates of M. phaseolina and other 16 non-target fungi. A DNA extraction protocol based on a bead-beating technique using silica beads, skimmed milk and PVP was also developed. The M. phaseolina specific primers MP102F/MP102R, 5' labelled with biotin and FITC respectively, were used in the PCR-NALFIA assay to identify the pathogen starting from mycelium or microsclerotia. Microsclerotia of M. phaseolina (1, 10, 100 and 200) were manipulated under a stereomicroscope and their DNA was extracted using microsclerotia alone or mixed with different types of soil. The resulting DNA, used for the PCR-NALFIA assay, provided positive results for all the samples tested. A semi-quantitative grey-scale reference card based on the PCR-NALFIA assay using intervals corresponding to microsclerotia soil number was developed. For this purpose, the normalized pixel grey volumes obtained after a densitometric analysis of the test line intensity generated by the LFD dipsticks were used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanna Pecchia
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Daniele Da Lio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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39
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Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus via Recombinase Polymerase Amplification Combined with Lateral Flow Strip. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-018-1200-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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40
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Gogalic S, Sauer U, Doppler S, Preininger C. Investigating Colorimetric Protein Array Assay Schemes for Detection of Recurrence of Bladder Cancer. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8010010. [PMID: 29364182 PMCID: PMC5872058 DOI: 10.3390/bios8010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
A colorimetric microarray for the multiplexed detection of recurrence of bladder cancer including protein markers interleukin-8 (IL8), decorin (DCN), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was established to enable easy and cheap read-out by a simple office scanner paving the way for quick therapy monitoring at doctors' offices. The chip is based on the principle of a sandwich immunoassay and was optimized prior to multiplexing using IL8 as a model marker. Six different colorimetric assay formats were evaluated using a detection antibody (dAB) labeled with (I) gold (Au) nanoparticles (NPs), (II) carbon NPs, (III) oxidized carbon NPs, and a biotinylated dAB in combination with (IV) neutravidin-carbon, (V) streptavidin (strp)-gold, and (VI) strp-horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Assay Format (III) worked best for NP-based detection and showed a low background while the enzymatic approach, using 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) substrate, led to the most intense signals with good reproducibility. Both assay formats showed consistent spot morphology as well as detection limits lower than 15 ng/L IL8 and were thus applied for the multiplexed detection of IL8, DCN, and VEGF in synthetic urine. Colorimetric detection in urine (1:3) yields reaction signals and measurement ranges well comparable with detection in the assay buffer, as well as excellent data reproducibility as indicated by the coefficient of variation (CV 5-9%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Selma Gogalic
- Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Ursula Sauer
- Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Sara Doppler
- Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln 3430, Austria.
| | - Claudia Preininger
- Center for Health & Bioresources, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln 3430, Austria.
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41
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Lee H, Hwang J, Park Y, Kwon D, Lee S, Kang I, Jeon S. Immunomagnetic separation and size-based detection of Escherichia coli O157 at the meniscus of a membrane strip. RSC Adv 2018; 8:26266-26270. [PMID: 35541965 PMCID: PMC9082759 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra04739a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We developed a facile method for the detection of pathogenic bacteria using gold-coated magnetic nanoparticle clusters (Au@MNCs) and porous nitrocellulose strips. Au@MNCs were synthesized and functionalized with half-fragments of Escherichia coli O157 antibodies. After the nanoparticles were used to capture E. coli O157 in milk and dispersed in a buffer solution, one end of a test strip was dipped into the solution. Due to the size difference between the E. coli–Au@MNC complexes (approximately 1 μm) and free Au@MNCs (approximately 180 nm), only E. coli–Au@MNC complexes accumulated at the meniscus of the test strip and induced a color change. The color intensity of the meniscus was proportional to the E. coli concentration, and the detection limit for E. coli in milk was 103 CFU mL−1 by the naked eye. The presence of E. coli–Au@MNC complexes at the meniscus was confirmed using a real-time PCR assay. The developed method was highly selective for E. coli when compared with Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus. E. coli–Au/MNC complexes accumulate at the meniscus of the test strip where the flow velocity reaches a maximum.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeonjeong Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongin Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yunsung Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Donghoon Kwon
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Inseok Kang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
| | - Sangmin Jeon
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH)
- Pohang
- Republic of Korea
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42
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Sun W, Hu X, Liu J, Zhang Y, Lu J, Zeng L. A novel multi-walled carbon nanotube-based antibody conjugate for quantitative and semi-quantitative lateral flow assays. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:1874-1882. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2017.1365590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
In this study, the multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were applied in lateral flow strips (LFS) for semi-quantitative and quantitative assays. Firstly, the solubility of MWCNTs was improved using various surfactants to enhance their biocompatibility for practical application. The dispersed MWCNTs were conjugated with the methamphetamine (MET) antibody in a non-covalent manner and then manufactured into the LFS for the quantitative detection of MET. The MWCNTs-based lateral flow assay (MWCNTs-LFA) exhibited an excellent linear relationship between the values of test line and MET when its concentration ranges from 62.5 to 1500 ng/mL. The sensitivity of the LFS was evaluated by conjugating MWCNTs with HCG antibody and the MWCNTs conjugated method is 10 times more sensitive than the one conjugated with classical colloidal gold nanoparticles. Taken together, our data demonstrate that MWCNTs-LFA is a more sensitive and reliable assay for semi-quantitative and quantitative detection which can be used in forensic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Drug and Pharmaceutical Process, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai, China
| | - Yurong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianzhong Lu
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Libo Zeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Crime Scene Evidence, Shanghai Institute of Forensic Science, Shanghai, China
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43
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López-Soriano P, Noguera P, Gorris MT, Puchades R, Maquieira Á, Marco-Noales E, López MM. Lateral flow immunoassay for on-site detection of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni in symptomatic field samples. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0176201. [PMID: 28448536 PMCID: PMC5407831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni is a quarantine pathogen and the causal agent of the bacterial spot disease of stone fruits and almond, a major threat to Prunus species. Rapid and specific detection methods are essential to improve disease management, and therefore a prototype of a lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) was designed for the detection of X. arboricola pv. pruni in symptomatic field samples. It was developed by producing polyclonal antibodies which were then combined with carbon nanoparticles and assembled on nitrocellulose strips. The specificity of the LFIA was tested against 87 X. arboricola pv. pruni strains from different countries worldwide, 47 strains of other Xanthomonas species and 14 strains representing other bacterial genera. All X. arboricola pv. pruni strains were detected and cross-reactions were observed only with four strains of X. arboricola pv. corylina, a hazelnut pathogen that does not share habitat with X. arboricola pv. pruni. The sensitivity of the LFIA was assessed with suspensions from pure cultures of three X. arboricola pv. pruni strains and with spiked leaf extracts prepared from four hosts inoculated with this pathogen (almond, apricot, Japanese plum and peach). The limit of detection observed with both pure cultures and spiked samples was 104 CFU ml-1. To demonstrate the accuracy of the test, 205 samples naturally infected with X. arboricola pv. pruni and 113 samples collected from healthy plants of several different Prunus species were analyzed with the LFIA. Results were compared with those obtained by plate isolation and real time PCR and a high correlation was found among techniques. Therefore, we propose this LFIA as a screening tool that allows a rapid and reliable diagnosis of X. arboricola pv. pruni in symptomatic plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo López-Soriano
- Centro de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Noguera
- Instituto Universitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - María Teresa Gorris
- Centro de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - Rosa Puchades
- Instituto Universitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Ángel Maquieira
- Instituto Universitario de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Departamento de Química, Universitat Politècnica de València, València, Spain
| | - Ester Marco-Noales
- Centro de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
| | - María M. López
- Centro de Protección Vegetal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias, Moncada, Valencia, Spain
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44
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Dot immunoassay for the simultaneous determination of postvaccination immunity against pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus. Anal Bioanal Chem 2017; 409:3831-3842. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-017-0327-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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45
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Song C, Liu J, Li J, Liu Q. Dual FITC lateral flow immunoassay for sensitive detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 85:734-739. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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46
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Li J, Macdonald J. Multiplexed lateral flow biosensors: Technological advances for radically improving point-of-care diagnoses. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 83:177-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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47
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López-Marzo AM, Merkoçi A. Paper-based sensors and assays: a success of the engineering design and the convergence of knowledge areas. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3150-76. [PMID: 27412239 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00737f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review shows the recent advances and state of the art in paper-based analytical devices (PADs) through the analysis of their integration with microfluidics and LOC micro- and nanotechnologies, electrochemical/optical detection and electronic devices as the convergence of various knowledge areas. The important role of the paper design/architecture in the improvement of the performance of sensor devices is discussed. The discussion is fundamentally based on μPADs as the new generation of paper-based (bio)sensors. Data about the scientific publication ranking of PADs, illustrating their increase as an experimental research topic in the past years, are supplied. In addition, an analysis of the simultaneous evolution of PADs in academic lab research and industrial commercialization highlighting the parallelism of the technological transfer from academia to industry is displayed. A general overview of the market behaviour, the leading industries in the sector and their commercialized devices is given. Finally, personal opinions of the authors about future perspectives and tendencies in the design and fabrication technology of PADs are disclosed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adaris M López-Marzo
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain.
| | - Arben Merkoçi
- Nanobioelectronics & Biosensors Group, Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2), CSIC and The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona 08193, Spain. and Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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48
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Xu W, Cheng N, Huang K, Lin Y, Wang C, Xu Y, Zhu L, Du D, Luo Y. Accurate and easy-to-use assessment of contiguous DNA methylation sites based on proportion competitive quantitative-PCR and lateral flow nucleic acid biosensor. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 80:654-660. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Revised: 02/13/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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49
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Li J, Macdonald J. Multiplex lateral flow detection and binary encoding enables a molecular colorimetric 7-segment display. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:242-5. [PMID: 26621222 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01323b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Multiplex expansion in point-of-care diagnostics usually requires a linear increase of premium commodities such as reagents or space. Here we demonstrate the power of binary and molecular encoding to compress device operations. We describe the first colorimetric 7-segment display on a paper-based biosensor, providing compact and intuitive read-outs for multiplex detections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Inflammation and Healing Research Cluster, Genecology Research Center, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia.
| | - Joanne Macdonald
- Inflammation and Healing Research Cluster, Genecology Research Center, School of Science and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Locked Bag 4, Maroochydore DC, Queensland 4558, Australia. and Division of Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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50
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Huang X, Aguilar ZP, Xu H, Lai W, Xiong Y. Membrane-based lateral flow immunochromatographic strip with nanoparticles as reporters for detection: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 75:166-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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