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Scaricamazza S, Nesci V, Salvatori I, Fenili G, Rosina M, Gloriani M, Paronetto MP, Madaro L, Ferri A, Valle C. Endurance exercise has a negative impact on the onset of SOD1-G93A ALS in female mice and affects the entire skeletal muscle-motor neuron axis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1360099. [PMID: 38590640 PMCID: PMC10999529 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1360099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neuromuscular disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons that leads to muscle wasting and atrophy. Epidemiological and experimental evidence suggests a causal relationship between ALS and physical activity (PA). However, the impact of PA on motor neuron loss and sarcopenia is still debated, probably because of the heterogeneity and intensities of the proposed exercises. With this study, we aimed to clarify the effect of intense endurance exercise on the onset and progression of ALS in the SOD1-G93A mouse model. Methods We randomly selected four groups of twelve 35-day-old female mice. SOD1-G93A and WT mice underwent intense endurance training on a motorized treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days a week. During the training, we measured muscle strength, weight, and motor skills and compared them with the corresponding sedentary groups to define the disease onset. At the end of the eighth week, we analyzed the skeletal muscle-motor neuron axis by histological and molecular techniques. Results Intense endurance exercise anticipates the onset of the disease by 1 week (age of the onset: trained SOD1-G93A = 63.17 ± 2.25 days old; sedentary SOD1-G93A = 70.75 ± 2.45 days old). In SOD1-G93A mice, intense endurance exercise hastens the muscular switch to a more oxidative phenotype and worsens the denervation process by dismantling neuromuscular junctions in the tibialis anterior, enhancing the Wallerian degeneration in the sciatic nerve, and promoting motor neuron loss in the spinal cord. The training exacerbates neuroinflammation, causing immune cell infiltration in the sciatic nerve and a faster activation of astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord. Conclusion Intense endurance exercise, acting on skeletal muscles, worsens the pathological hallmarks of ALS, such as denervation and neuroinflammation, brings the onset forward, and accelerates the progression of the disease. Our findings show the potentiality of skeletal muscle as a target for both prognostic and therapeutic strategies; the preservation of skeletal muscle health by specific intervention could counteract the dying-back process and protect motor neurons from death. The physiological characteristics and accessibility of skeletal muscle further enhance its appeal as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Valentina Nesci
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Roma “Tor Vergata”, Rome, Italy
| | - Illari Salvatori
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
| | - Gianmarco Fenili
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Rosina
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Neurology Unit, PTV Foundation Tor Vergata University Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Gloriani
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Paronetto
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Madaro
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics, University of Roma “La Sapienza”, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferri
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
- National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
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Wang XX, Chen WZ, Li C, Xu RS. Current potential pathogenic mechanisms of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Rev Neurosci 2024; 0:revneuro-2024-0010. [PMID: 38381656 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease which damages upper and lower motor neurons (UMN and LMN) innervating the muscles of the trunk, extremities, head, neck and face in cerebrum, brain stem and spinal cord, which results in the progressive weakness, atrophy and fasciculation of muscle innervated by the related UMN and LMN, accompanying with the pathological signs leaded by the cortical spinal lateral tract lesion. The pathogenesis about ALS is not fully understood, and no specific drugs are available to cure and prevent the progression of this disease at present. In this review, we reviewed the structure and associated functions of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), discuss why SOD1 is crucial to the pathogenesis of ALS, and outline the pathogenic mechanisms of SOD1 in ALS that have been identified at recent years, including glutamate-related excitotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, axonal transport disruption, prion-like propagation, and the non-cytologic toxicity of glial cells. This review will help us to deeply understand the current progression in this field of SOD1 pathogenic mechanisms in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Wen-Zhi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Ren-Shi Xu
- Department of Neurology, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang Medical College, The Clinical College of Nanchang Medical College, National Regional Center for Neurological Diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Jiangxi Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
- Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
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Hennig K, Hardman D, Barata DM, Martins II, Bernabeu MO, Gomes ER, Roman W. Generating fast-twitch myotubes in vitro with an optogenetic-based, quantitative contractility assay. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302227. [PMID: 37550008 PMCID: PMC10427763 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The composition of fiber types within skeletal muscle impacts the tissue's physiological characteristics and susceptibility to disease and ageing. In vitro systems should therefore account for fiber-type composition when modelling muscle conditions. To induce fiber specification in vitro, we designed a quantitative contractility assay based on optogenetics and particle image velocimetry. We submitted cultured myotubes to long-term intermittent light-stimulation patterns and characterized their structural and functional adaptations. After several days of in vitro exercise, myotubes contract faster and are more resistant to fatigue. The enhanced contractile functionality was accompanied by advanced maturation such as increased width and up-regulation of neuron receptor genes. We observed an up-regulation in the expression of fast myosin heavy-chain isoforms, which induced a shift towards a fast-twitch phenotype. This long-term in vitro exercise strategy can be used to study fiber specification and refine muscle disease modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Hennig
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - David Hardman
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Mb Barata
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Ibb Martins
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miguel O Bernabeu
- Centre for Medical Informatics, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- The Bayes Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Edgar R Gomes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - William Roman
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
- Victoria Node, EMBL Australia, Clayton, Australia
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4
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Damico MV, Gil CD, Godinho RO, Pacini ESA, Fortes-Dias CL, Moreira V. Effects of inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase and 12-lipoxygenase pathways on skeletal muscle fiber regeneration. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110513. [PMID: 37116854 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of inhibition of 5-lipoxigenase (LOX) and 12-LOX pathways on the regeneration of skeletal muscle fibers after injury induced by a myotoxin (MTX) phospholipase A2 from snake venom in an in vivo experimental model. Gastrocnemius muscles of mice injected with MTX presented an increase in 5-LOX protein expression, while 12-LOX was found to be a constitutive protein of skeletal muscle. Animals that received oral treatments with 5-LOX inhibitor MK886 or 12-LOX inhibitor baicalein 30 min and 48 h after MTX-induced muscle injury showed a reduction in the inflammatory process characterized by a significant decrease of cell influx and injured fibers in the degenerative phase (6 and 24 h after injury). In the beginning of the regeneration process (3 days), mice that received MK886 showed fewer new basophilic fibers, suggesting fewer proliferative events and myogenic cell fusion. Furthermore, in the progression of tissue regeneration (14-21 days), the mice treated with 5-LOX inhibitor presented a lower quantity of central nucleus fibers and small-caliber fibers, culminating in a muscle that is more resistant to the stimulus of fatigue during muscle regeneration with a predominance of slow fibers. In contrast, animals early treated with the 12-LOX inhibitor presented functional fibers with higher diameters, less resistant to fatigue and predominance of fast heavy-chain myosin fibers as observed in control animals. These effects were accompanied by an earlier expression of myogenic factor MyoD. Our results suggest that both 5-LOX and 12-LOX pathways represent potential therapeutic targets for muscle regeneration. It appears that inhibition of the 5-LOX pathway represses only the degenerative process by reducing tissue inflammation levels. Meanwhile, inhibition of the 12-LOX pathway also favors the anticipation of maturation and earlier recovery of muscle fiber activity function after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcio Vinícius Damico
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Damas Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosely Oliveira Godinho
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Enio Setsuo Arakaki Pacini
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vanessa Moreira
- Department of Pharmacology, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Piol D, Robberechts T, Da Cruz S. Lost in local translation: TDP-43 and FUS in axonal/neuromuscular junction maintenance and dysregulation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuron 2023; 111:1355-1380. [PMID: 36963381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Key early features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are denervation of neuromuscular junctions and axonal degeneration. Motor neuron homeostasis relies on local translation through controlled regulation of axonal mRNA localization, transport, and stability. Yet the composition of the local transcriptome, translatome (mRNAs locally translated), and proteome during health and disease remains largely unexplored. This review covers recent discoveries on axonal translation as a critical mechanism for neuronal maintenance/survival. We focus on two RNA binding proteins, transactive response DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) and fused in sarcoma (FUS), whose mutations cause ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Emerging evidence points to their essential role in the maintenance of axons and synapses, including mRNA localization, transport, and local translation, and whose dysfunction may contribute to ALS. Finally, we describe recent advances in omics-based approaches mapping compartment-specific local RNA and protein compositions, which will be invaluable to elucidate fundamental local processes and identify key targets for therapy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Piol
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tessa Robberechts
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sandrine Da Cruz
- VIB-KU Leuven Center for Brain and Disease Research, Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Brain Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
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6
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Mueller M, Thompson R, Osman KL, Andel E, Dejonge C, Kington S, Stephenson Z, Hamad A, Bunyak F, Nichols NL, Lever TE. Impact of Limb Phenotype on Tongue Denervation Atrophy, Dysphagia Penetrance, and Survival Time in a Mouse Model of ALS. Dysphagia 2022; 37:1777-1795. [PMID: 35426522 PMCID: PMC9568622 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-022-10442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Current treatments for dysphagia in ALS do not target the underlying tongue weakness and denervation atrophy that is prevalent in spinal and bulbar ALS cases. To address this clinical gap, we studied the low copy number SOD1-G93A (LCN-SOD1) mouse model of ALS to quantify the impact of limb phenotype on tongue denervation atrophy, dysphagia penetrance, and survival time in preparation for future treatment-based studies. Two male LCN-SOD1 breeders and 125 offspring were followed for limb phenotype inheritance, of which 52 (30 LCN-SOD1 and 22 wild-type/WT, both sexes) underwent characterization of dysphagia penetrance (via videofluoroscopic swallow study; VFSS) and survival time at disease end-stage (15-20% body weight loss). From these, 16 mice (8/genotype) underwent postmortem histological analysis of the genioglossus for evidence of denervation atrophy. Results revealed that both breeders displayed a mixed (hindlimb and forelimb) ALS phenotype and sired equal proportions of hindlimb vs. mixed phenotype offspring. Dysphagia penetrance was complete for mixed (100%) versus incomplete for hindlimb (64%) phenotype mice; yet survival times were similar. Regardless of limb phenotype, LCN-SOD1 mice had significantly smaller genioglossus myofibers and more centralized myonuclei compared to WT mice (p < 0.05). These biomarkers of denervation atrophy were significantly correlated with VFSS metrics (lick and swallow rates, p < 0.05) but not survival time. In conclusion, both LCN-SOD1 phenotypes had significant tongue denervation atrophy, even hindlimb phenotype mice without dysphagia. This finding recapitulates human ALS, providing robust rationale for using this preclinical model to explore targeted treatments for tongue denervation atrophy and ensuing dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kate L. Osman
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ellyn Andel
- University of Missouri Students, Columbia, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Ali Hamad
- University of Missouri Students, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Filiz Bunyak
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Missouri College of Engineering, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Nicole L. Nichols
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Teresa E. Lever
- Department of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
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7
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Tosolini AP, Sleigh JN, Surana S, Rhymes ER, Cahalan SD, Schiavo G. BDNF-dependent modulation of axonal transport is selectively impaired in ALS. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:121. [PMID: 35996201 PMCID: PMC9396851 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal transport ensures long-range delivery of essential cargoes between proximal and distal compartments, and is needed for neuronal development, function, and survival. Deficits in axonal transport have been detected at pre-symptomatic stages in the SOD1G93A and TDP-43M337V mouse models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), suggesting that impairments in this critical process are fundamental for disease pathogenesis. Strikingly, in ALS, fast motor neurons (FMNs) degenerate first whereas slow motor neurons (SMNs) are more resistant, and this is a currently unexplained phenomenon. The main aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on in vivo axonal transport in different α-motor neuron (MN) subtypes in wild-type (WT) and SOD1G93A mice. We report that despite displaying similar basal transport speeds, stimulation of wild-type MNs with BDNF enhances in vivo trafficking of signalling endosomes specifically in FMNs. This BDNF-mediated enhancement of transport was also observed in primary ventral horn neuronal cultures. However, FMNs display selective impairment of axonal transport in vivo in symptomatic SOD1G93A mice, and are refractory to BDNF stimulation, a phenotype that was also observed in primary embryonic SOD1G93A neurons. Furthermore, symptomatic SOD1G93A mice display upregulation of the classical non-pro-survival truncated TrkB and p75NTR receptors in muscles, sciatic nerves, and Schwann cells. Altogether, these data indicate that cell- and non-cell autonomous BDNF signalling is impaired in SOD1G93A MNs, thus identifying a new key deficit in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Tosolini
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK. .,UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
| | - James N Sleigh
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Sunaina Surana
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Elena R Rhymes
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK.,UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Stephen D Cahalan
- Comparative Neuromuscular Disease Laboratory, Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, London, NW1 0TU, UK
| | - Giampietro Schiavo
- Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK. .,UCL Queen Square Motor Neuron Disease Centre, University College London, London, WC1N 3BG, UK. .,UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.
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8
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Yoshikawa M, Ishikawa C, Li H, Kudo T, Shiba D, Shirakawa M, Murtani M, Takahashi S, Aizawa S, Shiga T. Comparing effects of microgravity and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the mouse ventral lumbar spinal cord. Mol Cell Neurosci 2022; 121:103745. [PMID: 35660087 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2022.103745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Microgravity (MG) exposure and motor neuron diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), lead to motor deficits, including muscle atrophy and loss of neuronal activity. Abnormalities in motor neurons and muscles caused by MG exposure can be recovered by subsequent ground exercise. In contrast, the degeneration that occurs in ALS is irreversible. A common phenotype between MG exposure and ALS pathology is motor system abnormality, but the causes may be different. In this study, to elucidate the motor system that is affected by each condition, we investigated the effects of MG and the human SOD1 ALS mutation on gene expression in various cell types of the mouse ventral lumbar spinal cord, which is rich in motor neurons innervating the lower limb. To identify cell types affected by MG or ALS pathogenesis, we analyzed differentially expressed genes with known cell-type markers, which were determined from previous single-cell studies of the spinal cord in MG-exposed and SOD1G93A mice, an ALS mouse model. Differentially expressed genes were observed in MG mice in various spinal cord cell types, including neurons, microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells, meningeal cells/Schwann cells, and vascular cells. We also examined neuronal populations in the spinal cord. Gene expression in putative excitatory and inhibitory neurons changed more than that in cholinergic motor neurons of the spinal cord in both MG and SOD1G93A mice. Many putative neuron types, especially visceral motor neurons, and axon initial segments (AIS) were affected in MG mice. In contrast, the effect on neurons and AIS in SOD1G93A mice was slight at P30 but progressed with aging. Interestingly, changes in dopaminergic system-related genes were specifically altered in the spinal cord of MG mice. These results indicate that MG and ALS pathology in various cell types contribute to motor neuron degeneration. Furthermore, there were more alterations in neurons in MG-exposed mice than in SOD1G93A mice. A large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MG mice represent more than SOD1G93A mice with ALS pathology. Elucidation of MG pathogenesis may provide more insight into the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Yoshikawa
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
| | - Chihiro Ishikawa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Haiyan Li
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Takashi Kudo
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Dai Shiba
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, JAXA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - Masaki Shirakawa
- JEM Utilization Center, Human Spaceflight Technology Directorate, JAXA, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8505, Japan
| | - Masafumi Murtani
- Department of Genome Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Shin Aizawa
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
| | - Takashi Shiga
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan; Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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9
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SOD1 in ALS: Taking Stock in Pathogenic Mechanisms and the Role of Glial and Muscle Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040614. [PMID: 35453299 PMCID: PMC9032988 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of motor neurons in the brain and spinal cord. While the exact causes of ALS are still unclear, the discovery that familial cases of ALS are related to mutations in the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), a key antioxidant enzyme protecting cells from the deleterious effects of superoxide radicals, suggested that alterations in SOD1 functionality and/or aberrant SOD1 aggregation strongly contribute to ALS pathogenesis. A new scenario was opened in which, thanks to the generation of SOD1 related models, different mechanisms crucial for ALS progression were identified. These include excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunctions, and non-cell autonomous toxicity, also implicating altered Ca2+ metabolism. While most of the literature considers motor neurons as primary target of SOD1-mediated effects, here we mainly discuss the effects of SOD1 mutations in non-neuronal cells, such as glial and skeletal muscle cells, in ALS. Attention is given to the altered redox balance and Ca2+ homeostasis, two processes that are strictly related with each other. We also provide original data obtained in primary myocytes derived from hSOD1(G93A) transgenic mice, showing perturbed expression of Ca2+ transporters that may be responsible for altered mitochondrial Ca2+ fluxes. ALS-related SOD1 mutants are also responsible for early alterations of fundamental biological processes in skeletal myocytes that may impinge on skeletal muscle functions and the cross-talk between muscle cells and motor neurons during disease progression.
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10
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Scaricamazza S, Salvatori I, Amadio S, Nesci V, Torcinaro A, Giacovazzo G, Primiano A, Gloriani M, Candelise N, Pieroni L, Loeffler JP, Renè F, Quessada C, Tefera TW, Wang H, Steyn FJ, Ngo ST, Dobrowolny G, Lepore E, Urbani A, Musarò A, Volonté C, Ferraro E, Coccurello R, Valle C, Ferri A. Repurposing of Trimetazidine for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a study in SOD1 G93A mice. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1732-1752. [PMID: 34783031 PMCID: PMC9305494 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, progressive wasting and paralysis of voluntary muscles and is currently incurable. Although considered to be a pure motor neuron disease, increasing evidence indicates that the sole protection of motor neurons by a single targeted drug is not sufficient to improve the pathological phenotype. We therefore evaluated the therapeutic potential of the multi‐target drug used to treatment of coronary artery disease, trimetazidine, in SOD1G93A mice. Experimental Approach As a metabolic modulator, trimetazidine improves glucose metabolism. Furthermore, trimetazidine enhances mitochondrial metabolism and promotes nerve regeneration, exerting an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effect. We orally treated SOD1G93A mice with trimetazidine, solubilized in drinking water at a dose of 20 mg kg−1, from disease onset. We assessed the impact of trimetazidine on disease progression by studying metabolic parameters, grip strength and histological alterations in skeletal muscle, peripheral nerves and the spinal cord. Key Results Trimetazidine administration delays motor function decline, improves muscle performance and metabolism, and significantly extends overall survival of SOD1G93A mice (increased median survival of 16 days and 12.5 days for male and female respectively). Moreover, trimetazidine prevents the degeneration of neuromuscular junctions, attenuates motor neuron loss and reduces neuroinflammation in the spinal cord and in peripheral nerves. Conclusion and Implications In SOD1G93A mice, therapeutic effect of trimetazidine is underpinned by its action on mitochondrial function in skeletal muscle and spinal cord.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Scaricamazza
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Illari Salvatori
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Roma "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Alessio Torcinaro
- National Council of Research (CNR), Institute of Cell Biology and Neurology (IBCN), Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Giacovazzo
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biology, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Aniello Primiano
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Niccolò Candelise
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Jean-Philippe Loeffler
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frederique Renè
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | - Cyril Quessada
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France.,INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | - Tesfaye W Tefera
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hao Wang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Gabriella Dobrowolny
- University of Roma "La Sapienza", DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Lepore
- University of Roma "La Sapienza", DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Urbani
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli" IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Musarò
- University of Roma "La Sapienza", DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Laboratory Affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Cinzia Volonté
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Systems Analysis and Computer Science (IASI), Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberto Coccurello
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute for Complex System (ISC), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferri
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.,National Research Council (CNR), Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
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11
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Renzini A, Riera CS, Minic I, D’Ercole C, Lozanoska-Ochser B, Cedola A, Gigli G, Moresi V, Madaro L. Metabolic Remodeling in Skeletal Muscle Atrophy as a Therapeutic Target. Metabolites 2021; 11:517. [PMID: 34436458 PMCID: PMC8398298 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11080517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly responsive tissue, able to remodel its size and metabolism in response to external demand. Muscle fibers can vary from fast glycolytic to slow oxidative, and their frequency in a specific muscle is tightly regulated by fiber maturation, innervation, or external causes. Atrophic conditions, including aging, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and cancer-induced cachexia, differ in the causative factors and molecular signaling leading to muscle wasting; nevertheless, all of these conditions are characterized by metabolic remodeling, which contributes to the pathological progression of muscle atrophy. Here, we discuss how changes in muscle metabolism can be used as a therapeutic target and review the evidence in support of nutritional interventions and/or physical exercise as tools for counteracting muscle wasting in atrophic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Renzini
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Carles Sánchez Riera
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Isidora Minic
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Chiara D’Ercole
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Biliana Lozanoska-Ochser
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
| | - Alessia Cedola
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Gigli
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Campus Ecotekne, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
| | - Viviana Moresi
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
- Institute of Nanotechnology, c/o Dipartimento di Fisica, National Research Council (CNR-NANOTEC), Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Luca Madaro
- Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedics, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy; (A.R.); (C.S.R.); (I.M.); (C.D.); (B.L.-O.); (L.M.)
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12
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Giagnorio E, Malacarne C, Mantegazza R, Bonanno S, Marcuzzo S. MyomiRs and their multifaceted regulatory roles in muscle homeostasis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Cell Sci 2021; 134:269129. [PMID: 34137441 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.258349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of both upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). The main clinical features of ALS are motor function impairment, progressive muscle weakness, muscle atrophy and, ultimately, paralysis. Intrinsic skeletal muscle deterioration plays a crucial role in the disease and contributes to ALS progression. Currently, there are no effective treatments for ALS, highlighting the need to obtain a deeper understanding of the molecular events underlying degeneration of both MNs and muscle tissue, with the aim of developing successful therapies. Muscle tissue is enriched in a group of microRNAs called myomiRs, which are effective regulators of muscle homeostasis, plasticity and myogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions. After providing an overview of ALS pathophysiology, with a focus on the role of skeletal muscle, we review the current literature on myomiR network dysregulation as a contributing factor to myogenic perturbations and muscle atrophy in ALS. We argue that, in view of their critical regulatory function at the interface between MNs and skeletal muscle fiber, myomiRs are worthy of further investigation as potential molecular targets of therapeutic strategies to improve ALS symptoms and counteract disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Giagnorio
- Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy.,PhD program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Claudia Malacarne
- Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy.,PhD program in Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Renato Mantegazza
- Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Silvia Bonanno
- Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Stefania Marcuzzo
- Neurology IV - Neuroimmunology and Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan 20133, Italy
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13
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Scaricamazza S, Salvatori I, Ferri A, Valle C. Skeletal Muscle in ALS: An Unappreciated Therapeutic Opportunity? Cells 2021; 10:cells10030525. [PMID: 33801336 PMCID: PMC8000428 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the selective degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons and by the progressive weakness and paralysis of voluntary muscles. Despite intense research efforts and numerous clinical trials, it is still an incurable disease. ALS had long been considered a pure motor neuron disease; however, recent studies have shown that motor neuron protection is not sufficient to prevent the course of the disease since the dismantlement of neuromuscular junctions occurs before motor neuron degeneration. Skeletal muscle alterations have been described in the early stages of the disease, and they seem to be mainly involved in the “dying back” phenomenon of motor neurons and metabolic dysfunctions. In recent years, skeletal muscles have been considered crucial not only for the etiology of ALS but also for its treatment. Here, we review clinical and preclinical studies that targeted skeletal muscles and discuss the different approaches, including pharmacological interventions, supplements or diets, genetic modifications, and training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Scaricamazza
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Illari Salvatori
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "La Sapienza", 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Ferri
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, c/o CERC, 00143 Rome, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, 00133 Rome, Italy
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14
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Simvastatin Enhances Muscle Regeneration Through Autophagic Defect-Mediated Inflammation and mTOR Activation in G93ASOD1 Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:1593-1606. [PMID: 33222146 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02216-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterised by the selective loss of motor neurons, muscular atrophy, and degeneration. Statins, as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, are the most widely prescribed drugs to lower cholesterol levels and used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, statins are seldom used in muscular diseases, primarily because of their rare statin-associated myopathy. Recently, statins have been shown to reduce muscular damage and improve its function. Here, we investigated the role of statins in myopathy using G93ASOD1 mice. Our results indicated that simvastatin significantly increased the autophagic flux defect and increased inflammation in the skeletal muscles of G93ASOD1 mice. We also found that increased inflammation correlated with aggravated muscle atrophy and fibrosis. Nevertheless, long-term simvastatin treatment promoted the regeneration of damaged muscle by activating the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway. However, administration of simvastatin did not impede vast muscle degeneration and movement dysfunction resulting from the enhanced progressive impairment of the neuromuscular junction. Together, our findings highlighted that simvastatin exacerbated skeletal muscle atrophy and denervation in spite of promoting myogenesis in damaged muscle, providing new insights into the selective use of statin-induced myopathy in ALS.
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15
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Scaricamazza S, Salvatori I, Giacovazzo G, Loeffler JP, Renè F, Rosina M, Quessada C, Proietti D, Heil C, Rossi S, Battistini S, Giannini F, Volpi N, Steyn FJ, Ngo ST, Ferraro E, Madaro L, Coccurello R, Valle C, Ferri A. Skeletal-Muscle Metabolic Reprogramming in ALS-SOD1 G93A Mice Predates Disease Onset and Is A Promising Therapeutic Target. iScience 2020; 23:101087. [PMID: 32371370 PMCID: PMC7200935 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with ALS show, in addition to the loss of motor neurons in the spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebral cortex, an abnormal depletion of energy stores alongside hypermetabolism. In this study, we show that bioenergetic defects and muscle remodeling occur in skeletal muscle of the SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS mice prior to disease onset and before the activation of muscle denervation markers, respectively. These changes in muscle physiology were followed by an increase in energy expenditure unrelated to physical activity. Finally, chronic treatment of SOD1G93A mice with Ranolazine, an FDA-approved inhibitor of fatty acid β-oxidation, led to a decrease in energy expenditure in symptomatic SOD1G93A mice, and this occurred in parallel with a robust, albeit temporary, recovery of the pathological phenotype. Metabolic switch use occurs early in the skeletal muscle of SOD1G93A mice Mitochondrial impairment precedes locomotor deficits and evokes catabolic pathways Sarcolipin upregulation in presymptomatic SOD1G93A mice precedes hypermetabolism Pharmacological modulation of hypermetabolism improves locomotor performance
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Scaricamazza
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy; IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Jean Philippe Loeffler
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | - Frederique Renè
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marco Rosina
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy
| | - Cyril Quessada
- Université de Strasbourg, UMR_S 1118, Strasbourg, France; INSERM, U1118, Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Neurodegeneration, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | - Simona Rossi
- University of Rome Tor Vergata, Department of Biology, Rome, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Battistini
- University of Siena, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Fabio Giannini
- University of Siena, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Nila Volpi
- University of Siena, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, Siena, Italy
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | | | - Luca Madaro
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Coccurello
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; National Research Council, Institute for Complex System (ISC), Rome, Italy
| | - Cristiana Valle
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy.
| | - Alberto Ferri
- IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy; National Research Council, Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), Rome, Italy.
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16
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Hedl TJ, San Gil R, Cheng F, Rayner SL, Davidson JM, De Luca A, Villalva MD, Ecroyd H, Walker AK, Lee A. Proteomics Approaches for Biomarker and Drug Target Discovery in ALS and FTD. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:548. [PMID: 31244593 PMCID: PMC6579929 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are increasing in prevalence but lack targeted therapeutics. Although the pathological mechanisms behind these diseases remain unclear, both ALS and FTD are characterized pathologically by aberrant protein aggregation and inclusion formation within neurons, which correlates with neurodegeneration. Notably, aggregation of several key proteins, including TAR DNA binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43), superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), and tau, have been implicated in these diseases. Proteomics methods are being increasingly applied to better understand disease-related mechanisms and to identify biomarkers of disease, using model systems as well as human samples. Proteomics-based approaches offer unbiased, high-throughput, and quantitative results with numerous applications for investigating proteins of interest. Here, we review recent advances in the understanding of ALS and FTD pathophysiology obtained using proteomics approaches, and we assess technical and experimental limitations. We compare findings from various mass spectrometry (MS) approaches including quantitative proteomics methods such as stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) and tandem mass tagging (TMT) to approaches such as label-free quantitation (LFQ) and sequential windowed acquisition of all theoretical fragment ion mass spectra (SWATH-MS) in studies of ALS and FTD. Similarly, we describe disease-related protein-protein interaction (PPI) studies using approaches including immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (IP-MS) and proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) and discuss future application of new techniques including proximity-dependent ascorbic acid peroxidase labeling (APEX), and biotinylation by antibody recognition (BAR). Furthermore, we explore the use of MS to detect post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as ubiquitination and phosphorylation, of disease-relevant proteins in ALS and FTD. We also discuss upstream technologies that enable enrichment of proteins of interest, highlighting the contributions of new techniques to isolate disease-relevant protein inclusions including flow cytometric analysis of inclusions and trafficking (FloIT). These recently developed approaches, as well as related advances yet to be applied to studies of these neurodegenerative diseases, offer numerous opportunities for discovery of potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for ALS and FTD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Hedl
- Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Rebecca San Gil
- Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Flora Cheng
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Rayner
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennilee M Davidson
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Alana De Luca
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria D Villalva
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Heath Ecroyd
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia.,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Adam K Walker
- Neurodegeneration Pathobiology Laboratory, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.,Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
| | - Albert Lee
- Centre for Motor Neuron Disease Research, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW, Australia
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17
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Neuromuscular magnetic stimulation counteracts muscle decline in ALS patients: results of a randomized, double-blind, controlled study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2837. [PMID: 30808899 PMCID: PMC6391419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39313-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify whether neuromuscular magnetic stimulation (NMMS) improves muscle function in spinal-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Twenty-two ALS patients were randomized in two groups to receive, daily for two weeks, NMMS in right or left arm (referred to as real-NMMS, rNMMS), and sham NMMS (sNMMS) in the opposite arm. All the patients underwent a median nerve conduction (compound muscle action potential, CMAP) study and a clinical examination that included a handgrip strength test and an evaluation of upper limb muscle strength by means of the Medical Research Council Muscle Scale (MRC). Muscle biopsy was then performed bilaterally on the flexor carpi radialis muscle to monitor morpho-functional parameters and molecular changes. Patients and physicians who performed examinations were blinded to the side of real intervention. The primary outcome was the change in the muscle strength in upper arms. The secondary outcomes were the change from baseline in the CMAP amplitudes, in the nicotinic ACh currents, in the expression levels of a selected panel of genes involved in muscle growth and atrophy, and in histomorphometric parameters of ALS muscle fibers. The Repeated Measures (RM) ANOVA with a Greenhouse-Geisser correction (sphericity not assumed) showed a significant effect [F(3, 63) = 5.907, p < 0.01] of rNMMS on MRC scale at the flexor carpi radialis muscle, thus demonstrating that the rNMMS significantly improves muscle strength in flexor muscles in the forearm. Secondary outcomes showed that the improvement observed in rNMMS-treated muscles was associated to counteracting muscle atrophy, down-modulating the proteolysis, and increasing the efficacy of nicotinic ACh receptors (AChRs). We did not observe any significant difference in pre- and post-stimulation CMAP amplitudes, evoked by median nerve stimulation. This suggests that the improvement in muscle strength observed in the stimulated arm is unlikely related to reinnervation. The real and sham treatments were well tolerated without evident side effects. Although promising, this is a proof of concept study, without an immediate clinical translation, that requires further clinical validation.
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18
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Carlyle BC, Kitchen RR, Zhang J, Wilson R, Lam TT, Rozowsky JS, Williams KR, Sestan N, Gerstein M, Nairn AC. Isoform-Level Interpretation of High-Throughput Proteomics Data Enabled by Deep Integration with RNA-seq. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3431-3444. [PMID: 30125121 PMCID: PMC6392456 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cellular control of gene expression is a complex process that is subject to multiple levels of regulation, but ultimately it is the protein produced that determines the biosynthetic state of the cell. One way that a cell can regulate the protein output from each gene is by expressing alternate isoforms with distinct amino acid sequences. These isoforms may exhibit differences in localization and binding interactions that can have profound functional implications. High-throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry proteomics (LC-MS/MS) relies on enzymatic digestion and has lower coverage and sensitivity than transcriptomic profiling methods such as RNA-seq. Digestion results in predictable fragmentation of a protein, which can limit the generation of peptides capable of distinguishing between isoforms. Here we exploit transcript-level expression from RNA-seq to set prior likelihoods and enable protein isoform abundances to be directly estimated from LC-MS/MS, an approach derived from the principle that most genes appear to be expressed as a single dominant isoform in a given cell type or tissue. Through this deep integration of RNA-seq and LC-MS/MS data from the same sample, we show that a principal isoform can be identified in >80% of gene products in homogeneous HEK293 cell culture and >70% of proteins detected in complex human brain tissue. We demonstrate that the incorporation of translatome data from ribosome profiling further refines this process. Defining isoforms in experiments with matched RNA-seq/translatome and proteomic data increases the functional relevance of such data sets and will further broaden our understanding of multilevel control of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky C. Carlyle
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park St, New Haven, CT 06519
| | - Robert R. Kitchen
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park St, New Haven, CT 06519
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Rashaun Wilson
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Tukiet T Lam
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510
- W.M. Keck Biotechnology Resource Laboratory, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Joel S Rozowsky
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Kenneth R Williams
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
- Yale/NIDA Neuroproteomics Center, Yale School of Medicine, 300 George Street, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Nenad Sestan
- Department of Neuroscience and Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Departments of Genetics and Psychiatry, Section of Comparative Medicine, and Yale Child Study Center, Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510
| | - Mark Gerstein
- Department of Molecular Biophysics & Biochemistry, Yale School of Medicine, PO Box 208114, New Haven, CT, 06520
| | - Angus C Nairn
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park St, New Haven, CT 06519
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Dobrowolny G, Lepore E, Martini M, Barberi L, Nunn A, Scicchitano BM, Musarò A. Metabolic Changes Associated With Muscle Expression of SOD1 G93A. Front Physiol 2018; 9:831. [PMID: 30042688 PMCID: PMC6048270 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder, classified into sporadic or familial forms and characterized by motor neurons death, muscle atrophy, weakness, and paralysis. Among the familial cases of ALS, approximately 20% are caused by dominant mutations in the gene coding for superoxide dismutase (SOD1) protein. Of note, mutant SOD1 toxicity is not necessarily limited to the central nervous system. ALS is indeed a multi-systemic and multifactorial disease that affects whole body physiology and induces severe metabolic changes in several tissues, including skeletal muscle. Nevertheless, whether alterations in the plasticity, heterogeneity, and metabolism of muscle fibers are the result of motor neuron degeneration or alternatively occur independently of it remain to be elucidated. To address this issue, we made use of a mouse model (MLC/SOD1G93A) that overexpresses the SOD1 mutant gene selectively in skeletal muscle. We found an alteration in the metabolic properties of skeletal muscle characterized by alteration in fiber type composition and metabolism. Indeed, we observed an alteration of muscle glucose metabolism associated with the induction of Phosphofructokinases and Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 expression. The upregulation of Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 led to the inhibition of Pyruvate conversion into Acetyl-CoA. Moreover, we demonstrated that the MLC/SOD1G93A transgene was associated with an increase of lipid catabolism and with the inhibition of fat deposition inside muscle fibers. All together these data demonstrate that muscle expression of the SOD1G93A gene induces metabolic changes, along with a preferential use of lipid energy fuel by muscle fibers. We provided evidences that muscle metabolic alterations occurred before disease symptoms and independently of motor neuron degeneration, indicating that skeletal muscle is likely an important therapeutic target in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Dobrowolny
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO - Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Lepore
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO - Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Martini
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO - Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Barberi
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO - Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Abigail Nunn
- Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Scicchitano
- Istituto di Istologia ed Embriologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Musarò
- Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, DAHFMO - Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,Center for Life Nano Science, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
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Potential therapeutic targets for ALS: MIR206, MIR208b and MIR499 are modulated during disease progression in the skeletal muscle of patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9538. [PMID: 28842714 PMCID: PMC5573384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons followed by muscle weakness, paralysis and death. The disease progression is extremely variable among patients, and reliable prognostic markers have not been identified. The aim of the study was to functionally characterize selected genes and microRNAs acting in the skeletal muscle of ALS patients, taking into account the duration and evolution of the disease, in order to obtain information regarding the muscle response to ALS progression. This prospective, longitudinal study enrolled 14 ALS patients and 24 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Gene expression and histological analysis indicated an increase of MIR208B and MIR499 levels and the predominance of slow fibres, respectively, in the muscles of patients with a slower disease progression. A decreased expression of MIR206 and increased levels of HDAC4, during the progression of the disease were also observed. Taken together, our data suggest that the molecular signalling that regulates re-innervation and muscle regeneration is hampered during the progression of skeletal muscle impairment in ALS. This could provide precious hints towards defining prognostic protocols, and designing novel tailored therapeutic approaches, to improve ALS patients’ care and delay disease progression.
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Biferi MG, Cohen-Tannoudji M, Cappelletto A, Giroux B, Roda M, Astord S, Marais T, Bos C, Voit T, Ferry A, Barkats M. A New AAV10-U7-Mediated Gene Therapy Prolongs Survival and Restores Function in an ALS Mouse Model. Mol Ther 2017; 25:2038-2052. [PMID: 28663100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2017.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most promising therapeutic approaches for familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis linked to superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) is the suppression of toxic mutant SOD1 in the affected tissues. Here, we report an innovative molecular strategy for inducing substantial, widespread, and sustained reduction of mutant human SOD1 (hSOD1) levels throughout the body of SOD1G93A mice, leading to therapeutic effects in animals. Adeno-associated virus serotype rh10 vectors (AAV10) were used to mediate exon skipping of the hSOD1 pre-mRNA by expression of exon-2-targeted antisense sequences embedded in a modified U7 small-nuclear RNA (AAV10-U7-hSOD). Skipping of hSOD1 exon 2 led to the generation of a premature termination codon, inducing production of a deleted transcript that was subsequently degraded by the activation of nonsense-mediated decay. Combined intravenous and intracerebroventricular delivery of AAV10-U7-hSOD increased the survival of SOD1G93A mice injected either at birth or at 50 days of age (by 92% and 58%, respectively) and prevented weight loss and the decline of neuromuscular function. This study reports the effectiveness of an exon-skipping approach in SOD1-ALS mice, supporting the translation of this technology to the treatment of this as yet incurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Biferi
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France.
| | - Mathilde Cohen-Tannoudji
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Ambra Cappelletto
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Benoit Giroux
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Marianne Roda
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Stéphanie Astord
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Thibaut Marais
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Corinne Bos
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
| | - Thomas Voit
- NIHR GOSH Biomedical Research Centre, Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, and Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Arnaud Ferry
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France; Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Descartes, Paris 75006, France
| | - Martine Barkats
- Centre of Research in Myology (CRM), Institut de Myologie, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Inserm UMRS974, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Paris 75013, France
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