1
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Han B, Chen L, Xiao K, Liu Y, Cao D, Yu L, Li Y, Tao S, Liu W. Spatial heterogeneity and compositional profiles of dissolved organic matter in farmland soils across mainland China. J Environ Sci (China) 2024; 137:593-603. [PMID: 37980042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2023.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays an essential role in many geochemical processes, however its complexity, chemical diversity, and molecular composition are poorly understood. Soil samples were collected from 500 vegetable fields in administrative regions of mainland China, of which 122 were selected for further investigation. DOM properties were characterized by three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) (field intensity is 15 Tesla). Our results indicated that the main constituents were UVA humic-like substances, humic-like substances, fulvic acid-like substances, and tyrosine-like substances. A total of 10,989 molecular formulae with a mass range of 100.04 to 799.59 Da were detected, covering the mass spectrometric information of the soil samples from 27 different regions. CHO and CHON molecules were dominant in DOM, whereas lignin, tannins, and aromatic substances served as the main components. The results of cluster analysis revealed that the soil properties in Jiangxi Province were considerably different from those in other regions. The key backgrounds of the DOM molecular characteristics in the vegetable-field soil samples across mainland China were provided at the molecular level, with large abundance and great variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingjun Han
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- Beijing Yanshan Earth Critical Zone National Research Station, College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Water and Ecology, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yujun Li
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shu Tao
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenxin Liu
- Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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2
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Glöckler D, Harir M, Schmitt-Kopplin P, Elsner M, Bakkour R. Selectivity of β-Cyclodextrin Polymer toward Aquatic Contaminants: Insights from Ultrahigh-Resolution Mass Spectrometry of Dissolved Organic Matter. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15505-15513. [PMID: 37831967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Selectivity in solid-phase extraction (SPE) materials has become increasingly important for analyte enrichment in sensitive analytical workflows to alleviate detrimental matrix effects. Molecular-level investigation of matrix constituents, which are preferentially extracted or excluded, can provide the analytical chemist with valuable information to learn about their control on sorbent selectivity. In this work, we employ nontargeted Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) to elucidate the molecular chemodiversity of freshwater-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted by the selective model sorbent β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP) in comparison to conventional, universal SPE sorbents (i.e., Oasis HLB, Supel-Select HLB, and LiChrolut EN). Statistical analysis of MS data corroborated the highly selective nature of β-CDP by revealing the extracted DOM spectra that are most dissimilar to original compositions. We found that its selectivity was characterized by pronounced discrimination against highly oxygenated and unsaturated DOM compounds, which were associated with the classes of lignin-like, tannin-like, and carboxylic-rich alicyclic molecules. In contrast, conventional sorbents excluded less highly oxygenated compounds and showed a more universal extraction behavior for a wide range of DOM compositional space. We lay these findings in a larger context that aids the analyst in obtaining an a priori estimate of sorbent selectivity toward any target analyte of interest serving thereby an optimization of sample preparation. This study highlights the great value of nontargeted ultrahigh-resolution MS for better understanding of targeted analytics and provides new insights into the selective sorption behavior of novel sorbents.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Glöckler
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748 , Germany
| | - Mourad Harir
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Munich, Neuherberg 85764, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Freising 85354, Germany
| | - Martin Elsner
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748 , Germany
| | - Rani Bakkour
- TUM School of Natural Sciences, Chair of Analytical Chemistry and Water Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748 , Germany
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3
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Zhang Q, Lv J, He A, Cao D, He X, Zhao L, Wang Y, Jiang G. Investigation with ESI FT-ICR MS on sorbent selectivity and comprehensive molecular composition of landfill leachate dissolved organic matter. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 243:120359. [PMID: 37499543 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Molecular characterization of landfill leachate dissolved organic matter (LDOM) is essential for developing effective processing techniques. However, the molecular selectivity of extraction method and ionization modes often leads to the bias of molecular characterization of LDOM. Here, seven representative sorbents were selected and electrospray ionization negative ion mode (ESI (-)) and positive ion mode (ESI (+)) Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) were used to investigate the molecular composition of different LDOM samples. Obvious sorbent selectivity during extraction procedure was observed, resulting in the underestimation of molecular diversity of LDOM from 32.7% to 69.3%. Totally, 14,000-18,000 unique molecules were obtained in a single sample, indicating the unprecedented molecular diversity of LDOM. Lignins, proteins and lipids are three major molecular groups in LDOM, and N or S containing molecules occupied 83%. Although much of total organic carbon was removed during biochemical treatment process, the molecular diversity of LDOM was not reduced because a considerable of bio-recalcitrant molecules was produced. The results uncover the sorbents selectivity and ionization modes selectivity in LDOM analysis and provided a comprehensive change of LDOM molecular composition during biochemical treatment, which benefits the development of accurate methods to remove organic carbon in landfill leachate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jitao Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Anen He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaosong He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; State Environmental Protection Key laboratory of Simulation and Control of Groundwater Pollution, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Lixia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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4
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Su Z, Wang K, Yang F, Zhuang T. Antibiotic pollution of the Yellow River in China and its relationship with dissolved organic matter: Distribution and Source identification. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119867. [PMID: 36934539 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the sources of antibiotics is important for managing antibiotic contamination and preventing environmental risks in the aquatic environment. In this study, the distribution of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and 24 antibiotics from four typical classes (quinolones, macrolides, sulfonamides and tetracyclines) in the Yellow River basin containing distinct sources of pollution was investigated. In particular, relationships between the antibiotic concentrations and fluorescent properties of DOM were to be established to identify antibiotic sources. A total of 22 antibiotics were detected, with maximum concentrations ranging from 0.27 to 30.14 ng/L in the mainstream of the Yellow River. Of these antibiotics, only erythromycin (ERY) and sulfamethoxazole (SMX) posed potential risks to aquatic organisms. Spatially, tetracyclines were mainly distributed in the upstream reaches of the river, and quinolones were largely distributed in the midstream. High levels of sulfonamides were present downstream of the investigated river. Only EYR belonging to the macrolide group was detected and had a high downstream concentration. EEM-PARAFAC analysis showed that DOM was composed of visible fulvic acid-like fluorescence fraction (C1), ultraviolet fulvic acid-like fluorescence fraction (C2) and protein-like fraction (C3). Using Pearson correlation analysis, this study demonstrated a close relationship between DOM spectral parameters and antibiotic concentrations in the Yellow River basin. Specifically, r (C3, C2) was significantly and positively correlated with the concentrations of SMX, sulfadoxine (SDX), and ERY, while humification index (HIX) had an opposite relationship with these antibiotics. These results suggested that SMX, SDX and ERY were mainly discharged from wastewater treatment plants into the mainstream of the Yellow River. This work provides a powerful demonstration that DOM plays an important role in indicating the occurrence and sources of antibiotics in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxin Su
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Environment and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, 266033, China
| | - Fengchun Yang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China
| | - Tao Zhuang
- Jinan Environmental Research Academy, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, China.
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5
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Zhang S, Yin Y, Yang P, Yao C, Tian S, Lei P, Jiang T, Wang D. Using the end-member mixing model to evaluate biogeochemical reactivities of dissolved organic matter (DOM): autochthonous versus allochthonous origins. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 232:119644. [PMID: 36736245 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an essential component of environmental systems. It usually originates from two end-members, including allochthonous and autochthonous sources. Previously, links have been established between DOM origins/sources and its biogeochemical reactivities. However, the influence of changes in DOM characteristics driven by end-member mixing on DOM biogeochemical reactivities has not been clarified. In this study, we investigated variations of DOM reactivities responding to the dynamics of DOM characteristics induced by different mixing ratios of two DOM end-members derived from humic acid (HA) and algae, respectively. Four biogeochemical reactivities of DOM were evaluated, including biodegradation, ·OH production, photodegradation, and redox capacity. Results showed that the variations of DOM characteristics due to the two end-members mixing significantly impact its biogeochemical reactivities. However, not all spectral parameters and reactivities followed the conservative mixing behavior. In contrast to reactivities of ·OH production and redox capacity, mixed samples showed apparent deviations from conservative linear relationships in biodegradation and photodegradation due to the interaction between the two end-members. Regarding the role of DOM properties influencing reactivity changes, peak A and M were recognized as the most stable parameters. However, peak C and SUVA254 were identified as the most vital contributors for explaining DOM reactivity variations. These findings suggest that a general model for describing the dynamic relationship between DOM source and reactivity cannot be proposed. Thus, the dynamics of DOM reactivity in diverse ecosystems cannot be estimated simply by the "plus or minus" of the reactivity from individual end-member. The effect of end-member mixing should be evaluated in a given reactivity instead of generalization. This study provides important insights for further understanding the dynamics of DOM's environmental role in different ecosystems influenced by variations of source inputs. In future, more field investigations are needed to further verify our findings in this study, especially in the scenario of end-member mixing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Yongguang Yin
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Peijie Yang
- Laboratory of Environmental Nanotechnology and Health Effect, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Cong Yao
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Shanyi Tian
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Pei Lei
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China; Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Dingyong Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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6
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Zhao P, Du Z, Fu Q, Ai J, Hu A, Wang D, Zhang W. Molecular composition and chemodiversity of dissolved organic matter in wastewater sludge via Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry: Effects of extraction methods and electrospray ionization modes. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 232:119687. [PMID: 36758353 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-resolution mass spectrometry was extensively applied in molecular composition and transformation pathways of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in wastewater sludge treatments. Sample pretreatment methods and electrospray ionization (ESI) modes significant affect the accuracy of molecular characterization for DOM. This study investigated the effects of pretreatment methods (styrene divinyl benzene polymer (PPL), octadecyl (C18), and electrodialysis (ED)) on molecular characteristics of DOM in two typical wastewater sludges (waste activated sludge (WAS) and anaerobic digestion sludge (ADS)) analyzed by FT-ICR MS in both positive ESI (ESI (+)) and negative ESI (ESI (-)) modes. The results indicated that ED pretreatment exhibited the highest recovery rate of 70% ‒ 95% for sludge-derived DOM. ED and PPL performed well in recovering the different sludge-derived DOM with a high similarity of molecular characteristics (e.g., lipids, proteins/aliphatic, and lignins/CRAM-like), and the C18 method was ineffective in extracting carbohydrates, unsaturated hydrocarbons, and amino sugars. In addition, compared with single ESI (-) analysis mode, the molecular number identified by ESI (+) analysis mode was increased by 200%, especially, more unsaturated hydrocarbons and N-containing compounds were detected. Except for biogenic DOM, plenty of emerging containments (ECs) in sludge-derived DOM were identified; ESI (-) mode was more effectively in recognizing the alkyl benzene sulfonic acids (e.g., anionic surfactants); and ESI (+) mode was more effectively for plasticizers identification, for example, dioctyl terephthalate and dibutyl phthalate. This study illustrated that ED pretreatment coupled with FT-ICR MS in dual ESI modes could give more insights in complexed molecular information for DOM in wastewater sludge, and provides a theoretical basis for subsequent sludge treatments and disposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Zhao
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Zhengliang Du
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qinglong Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.
| | - Jing Ai
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Aibin Hu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Weijun Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Yangtze Catchment Environmental Aquatic Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; National Engineering Laboratory of High Concentration Refractory Organic Wastewater Treatment Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
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7
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Acter T, Lee S, Uddin N, Mow KM, Kim S. Characterization of petroleum‐related natural organic matter by ultrahigh‐resolution mass spectrometry. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thamina Acter
- Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Seulgidaun Lee
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Nizam Uddin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Engineering, Faculty of Allied Health Science Daffodil International University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Kamarum Monira Mow
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering East West University Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Based Convergence Research Institute Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
- Green‐Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
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8
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Zhou Y, Zhao C, He C, Li P, Wang Y, Pang Y, Shi Q, He D. Characterization of dissolved organic matter processing between surface sediment porewater and overlying bottom water in the Yangtze River Estuary. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 215:118260. [PMID: 35294911 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) exchange in the sediment-water interface of estuaries is essential for the global elemental cycle. To clarify the interface DOM processing, this study applies optical techniques and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry to assess DOM composition of surface sediment porewater and bottom (overlying) water across the Yangtze River Estuary (YRE). Results suggested that DOM exchange in the sediment-water interface mainly followed from sediment porewater to bottom water driven by a significant dissolved organic carbon concentration gradient and hydrodynamic force. We also characterized two porewater DOM sources, including microbial production and byproducts of processed sediments. High microbial activities resulted in the enrichment of protein-like fluorescent components and N-bearing compounds in porewater, potentially decreasing the oxygen concentration of bottom water due to the high lability. And the deamination of N-bearing compounds in the sediment-water interface could likely serve as a N-bearing nutrient source to bottom water. Moreover, due to sediment-specific features in different areas driven by hydrologic sorting and local phytoplankton supply, porewater DOM of muddy areas accumulated more aromatic substances from the degradation of terrestrial organic matter. The release and oxic transformation of oxygen-deficient aromatic compounds could contribute to the refractory carbon pool of estuarine water (carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules, CRAM), modulating the quality of organic carbon mobilized from the land to the coastal ocean. Considering strong hydrodynamic force in numerous estuaries worldwide, DOM exchange and processing at the sediment-water interface has a meaningful influence on the biogeochemistry of estuarine water columns, which warrants further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Zhou
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266525, China; Organic Geochemistry Unit, Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen He
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China; Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519082, China
| | - Yuntao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Yu Pang
- Organic Geochemistry Unit, Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Quan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Changping District, Beijing 102249, China
| | - Ding He
- Department of Ocean Science and Hong Kong Branch of the Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong SAR, China; Organic Geochemistry Unit, Key Laboratory of Geoscience Big Data and Deep Resource of Zhejiang Province, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
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9
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Xiao X, Powers LC, Liu J, Gonsior M, Zhang R, Zhang L, MacIntyre HL, Chen X, Hu C, Batt J, Shi Q, Xu D, Zhang Y, Jiao N. Biodegradation of Terrigenous Organic Matter in a Stratified Large-Volume Water Column: Implications of the Removal of Terrigenous Organic Matter in the Coastal Ocean. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5234-5246. [PMID: 35357815 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Large amounts of terrigenous organic matter (TOM) are delivered to the ocean every year. However, removal processes of TOM in the ocean are still poorly constrained. Here, we report results from a 339-day dark incubation experiment with a unique system holding a vertically stratified freshwater-seawater column. The quality and quantity of dissolved organic matter (DOM), RNA-based size-fraction microbial communities, and environmental factors were high-frequency-monitored. Microbial processes impacted TOM composition, including an increased DOM photobleaching rate with incubation time. The mixed layer had changed the bacterial community structure, diversity, and higher oxygen consumption rate. A two-end member modeling analysis suggested that estimated nutrient concentrations and prokaryotic abundance were lower, and total dissolved organic carbon was higher than that of the measured values. These results imply that DOM biodegradation was stimulated during freshwater-seawater mixing. In the bottom layer, fluorescent DOM components increased with the incubation time and were significantly positively related to highly unsaturated, oxygenated, and presumably aromatic compound molecular formulas. These results suggest that surfaced-derived TOM sinking leads to increased DOM transformation and likely results in carbon storage in the bottom water. Overall, these results suggest that microbial transforming TOM plays more important biogeochemical roles in estuaries and coastal oceans than what we know before.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Xiao
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Leanne C Powers
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, Maryland20688, United States
| | - Jihua Liu
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao266237, China
| | - Michael Gonsior
- Chesapeake Biological Laboratory, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Solomons, Maryland20688, United States
| | - Rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Lianbao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Hugh L MacIntyre
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova ScotiaB3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Chen Hu
- College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - John Batt
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova ScotiaB3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Qiang Shi
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova ScotiaB3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Dapeng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
| | - Nianzhi Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Fujian Key Laboratory of Marine Carbon Sequestration, Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
- Joint Laboratory for Ocean Research and Education (LORE) of Dalhousie University, Canada, and Shandong University and Xiamen University, Xiamen361102, China
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10
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Bahureksa W, Young RB, McKenna AM, Chen H, Thorn KA, Rosario-Ortiz FL, Borch T. Nitrogen Enrichment during Soil Organic Matter Burning and Molecular Evidence of Maillard Reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4597-4609. [PMID: 35262343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wildfires in forested watersheds dramatically alter stored and labile soil organic matter (SOM) pools and the export of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Ecosystem recovery after wildfires depends on soil microbial communities and revegetation and therefore is limited by the availability of nutrients, such as nitrogen-containing and labile, water-soluble compounds. However, SOM byproducts produced at different wildfire intensities are poorly understood, leading to difficulties in assessing wildfire severity and predicting ecosystem recovery. In this work, water-extractable organic matter (WEOM) from laboratory microcosms of soil burned at discrete temperatures was characterized by ultrahigh-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry to study the impacts of fire temperature on SOM and DOM composition. The molecular composition derived from different burn temperatures indicated that nitrogen-containing byproducts were enriched with heating and composed of a wide range of aromatic features and oxidation states. Mass difference-based analysis also suggested that products formed during heating could be modeled using transformations along the Maillard reaction pathway. The enrichment of N-containing SOM and DOM at different soil burning intensities has important implications for ecosystem recovery and downstream water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Bahureksa
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Robert B Young
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1170, United States
| | - Amy M McKenna
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1170, United States
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005, United States
| | - Huan Chen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., Tallahassee, Florida 32310-4005, United States
| | - Kevin A Thorn
- U.S. Geological Survey, Earth System Processes Division, Water Mission Area, Lakewood, Colorado 80225-0001, United States
| | - Fernando L Rosario-Ortiz
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0607, United States
- Environmental Engineering Program, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0428, United States
| | - Thomas Borch
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1170, United States
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11
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Kim S, Kim D, Jung MJ, Kim S. Analysis of environmental organic matters by Ultrahigh-Resolution mass spectrometry-A review on the development of analytical methods. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:352-369. [PMID: 33491249 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Owing to the increasing environmental and climate changes globally, there is an increasing interest in the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures, that is, the pursuit of complete and detailed knowledge of the chemical compositions and related chemical reactions. Environmental organic molecule mixtures, including those in air, soil, rivers, and oceans, have extremely complex and heterogeneous chemical compositions. For their analyses, ultrahigh-resolution and sub-ppb level mass accuracy, achievable using Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), are important. FT-ICR MS has been successfully used to analyze complex environmental organic molecule mixtures such as natural, soil, particulate, and dissolved organic matter. Despite its success, many limitations still need to be overcome. Sample preparation, ionization, structural identification, chromatographic separation, and data interpretation are some key areas that have been the focus of numerous studies. This review describes key developments in analytical techniques in these areas to aid researchers seeking to start or continue investigations for the molecular-level understanding of environmental organic compound mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjune Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Donghwi Kim
- Oil and POPs Research Group, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Korea
| | - Maeng-Joon Jung
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sunghwan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
- Mass Spectrometry Convergence Research Center and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Daegu, Korea
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12
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Kong X, Jendrossek T, Ludwichowski KU, Marx U, Koch BP. Solid-Phase Extraction of Aquatic Organic Matter: Loading-Dependent Chemical Fractionation and Self-Assembly. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:15495-15504. [PMID: 34735124 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important component in marine and freshwater environments and plays a fundamental role in global biogeochemical cycles. In the past, optical and molecular-level analytical techniques evolved and improved our mechanistic understanding about DOM fluxes. For most molecular chemical techniques, sample desalting and enrichment is a prerequisite. Solid-phase extraction has been widely applied for concentrating and desalting DOM. The major aim of this study was to constrain the influence of sorbent loading on the composition of DOM extracts. Here, we show that increased loading resulted in reduced extraction efficiencies of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), fluorescence and absorbance, and polar organic substances. Loading-dependent optical and chemical fractionation induced by the altered adsorption characteristics of the sorbent surface (styrene divinylbenzene polymer) and increased multilayer adsorption (DOM self-assembly) can fundamentally affect biogeochemical interpretations, such as the source of organic matter. Online fluorescence monitoring of the permeate flow allowed to empirically model the extraction process and to assess the degree of variability introduced by changing the sorbent loading in the extraction procedure. Our study emphasizes that it is crucial for sample comparison to keep the relative DOC loading (DOCload [wt %]) on the sorbent always similar to avoid chemical fractionation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyu Kong
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Thomas Jendrossek
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Ute Marx
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Boris P Koch
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, 27570 Bremerhaven, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
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13
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Ge Z, Gao L, Ma N, Hu E, Li M. Variation in the content and fluorescent composition of dissolved organic matter in soil water during rainfall-induced wetting and extract of dried soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 791:148296. [PMID: 34118671 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is present in all soils, providing a readily available carbon source for microorganisms, which influences microbially mediated biogeochemical processes. Rainfall-induced wetting can alter the content and composition of soil DOM. However, conventional methods commonly used to extract DOM from soils involve air- or oven-drying followed by extraction with water, and the results vary considerably in terms of indexes used. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the variation in DOM content and composition of soil gravity water and capillary water during wetting, and establish a better method to obtain real soil DOM information. Following simulated rainfall (50 mm h-1, 0-24 h), gravity water and capillary water in fresh soil samples were separated using a high-speed refrigerated centrifuge. Additionally, DOM in dried soil samples was extracted using various soil/water ratios after drying by different methods. The DOM data obtained by conventional methods were compared with capillary water data. The results showed that DOM degradation occurred mainly in capillary water close to the surface of soil particles. Among the six fluorescent components of DOM identified, a tryptophan-like component (Ex/Em = 295/335 nm and 230/335 nm) was possibly derived from terrestrial plants, and a tyrosine-like component (Ex/Em = 265/305 nm) was likely derived from microbial secretion. Except for little variation in the fluorescence index, dissolved organic carbon concentrations in capillary water were double those in dried soil extracted by conventional methods. The humification index and spectral slope ratio of DOM extracted by conventional methods also markedly varied, and no clear patterns were observed for the variation in specific UV absorbance at 254 nm. These findings allow real information to be obtained regarding soil DOM during wetting, and better selection of the extraction method and indexes when studying soil DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengkui Ge
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Ning Ma
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, PR China
| | - En Hu
- Shaanxi Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, PR China.
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14
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Zhang H, Zheng Y, Wang XC, Wang Y, Dzakpasu M. Characterization and biogeochemical implications of dissolved organic matter in aquatic environments. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 294:113041. [PMID: 34126535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is viewed as one of the most chemically active organic substances on earth. It plays vital roles in the fate, bioavailability and toxicity of aquatic exogenous chemical species (e.g., heavy metals, organic pollutants, and nanomaterials). The characteristics of DOM such low concentrations, salt interference and complexity in aquatic environments and limitations of pretreatment for sample preparation and application of characterization techniques severely limit understanding of its nature and environmental roles. This review provides a characterization continuum of aquatic DOM, and demonstrate its biogeochemical implications, enabling in-depth insight into its nature and environmental roles. A synthesis of the effective DOM pretreatment strategies, comprising extraction and fractionation methods, and characterization techniques is presented. Additionally, the biogeochemical dynamics of aquatic DOM and its environmental implications are discussed. The findings indicate the collection of representative DOM samples from water as the first and critical step for characterizing its properties, dynamics, and environmental implications. However, various pretreatment procedures may alter DOM composition and structure, producing highly variable recoveries and even influencing its subsequent characterization. Therefore, complimentary use of various characterization techniques is highly recommended to obtain as much information on DOM as possible, as each characterization technique exhibits various advantages and limitations. Moreover, DOM could markedly change the physical and chemical properties of exogenous chemical species, influencing their transformation and mobility, and finally altering their potential bioavailability and toxicity. Several research gaps to be addressed include the impact of pretreatment on the composition and structure of aquatic DOM, molecular-level structural elucidation for DOM, and assessment of the effects of DOM dynamics on the fate, bioavailability and toxicity of exogenous chemical species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengfeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongkun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China
| | - Mawuli Dzakpasu
- Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China; International Science & Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Ren P, Zhu Y, Chen X, Zhang Y. Investigation on the interaction differences of algogenic dissolved organic matter released by Prorocentrum donghaiense with phenanthrene and 3-methylphenanthrene using spectroscopy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115459. [PMID: 32882461 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high algogenic dissolved organic matter (A-DOM) content in the marine environment, the impact of A-DOM on the environmental behavior of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (A-PAHs) has rarely been reported. Thus, this study sought to investigate the changes in A-DOM and its interaction with phenanthrene (Phe) and 3-methylphenanthrene (3-MPhe). The results showed that the spectroscopic characteristics of A-DOM changed dynamically during the entire growth period of Prorocentrum donghaiense. The total proportions of humic-like components in A-DOM, including marine humic-like and longer wavelength humic-like components, increased from 26.30% at the initial phase to 40.42% at the decline phase, but those of protein-like components decreased. Humic-like components showed stronger interaction capabilities with Phe/3-MPhe than that of protein-like components. The interaction characteristics and increased the humic-like components content indicated their prominent role in the interaction of A-DOM and Phe/3-MPhe. 3-MPhe had stronger hydrophobic interactions with the humic-like components and the methyl group increased π-π interactions with A-DOM on day 28. Methyl group also increased the molecular weight and steric hindrance of 3-MPhe, resulting in a lower interaction capability with A-DOM than that of Phe on day 16. The diverse interaction behaviors of A-DOM fluorescent components with Phe and 3-MPhe were largely attributed to dynamic changes in the A-DOM characteristics. Methyl substitution varied the hydrophobicity and molecular weight of Phe and 3-MPhe, and further influenced the interactions with A-DOM fluorescent components. These results highlight the vital impact of dynamic A-DOM on the environmental behavior of PAHs, and the differences in the environmental behavior between parent and alkylated PAHs should also receive additional attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, PR China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, PR China.
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16
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Lee MH, Lee YK, Derrien M, Choi K, Shin KH, Jang KS, Hur J. Evaluating the contributions of different organic matter sources to urban river water during a storm event via optical indices and molecular composition. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 165:115006. [PMID: 31470285 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in river water dynamically changes with respect to its major sources during heavy rain events. However, there has been no established tool to estimate the relative contributions of different organic sources to river water DOM. In this study, the evolution in the contributions of ten different organic matter (OM) sources to storm water DOM was explored with a selected urban river, the Geumho River in South Korea, during storm events via an end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) based on fluorescence indices and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). The OM source materials included treated effluent, road runoff, groundwater, topsoil, deep soil, leaves, reeds, riparian plants, attached algae, and suspended algae. The EMMA results provided quantitative estimates of the variations in the dominant OM sources with the progress of storms. Treated effluent was the prevailing source at the beginning period of the storm, while topsoil, leaves, riparian plants, and groundwater predominated during and after the peak period. The fluorescence indices-based evaluation was consistent with the statistical comparison of the molecular formulas derived from FT-ICR-MS conducted on the ten potential OM sources and the storm samples. The observed variations in the OM sources agreed with the typical characteristics of urban rivers in connection with anthropogenic inputs and the impact of surrounding impervious surfaces. This study demonstrates the application of intuitive and facile tools in estimating the relative impacts of OM sources in urban watersheds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Hee Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Morgane Derrien
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangsoon Choi
- K-Water Institute, 1689 Beon-gil 125, Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34045, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Shin
- Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soon Jang
- Korea Basic Science Institute, 162 Yeongudanji-Ro, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, 209 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul, 05006, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Solihat NN, Yustiawati, Kim S, Kim S. Elucidating molecular level impact of peat fire on soil organic matter by laser desorption ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:7303-7313. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-02108-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Chen M, Li C, Zeng C, Zhang F, Raymond PA, Hur J. Immobilization of relic anthropogenic dissolved organic matter from alpine rivers in the Himalayan-Tibetan Plateau in winter. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 160:97-106. [PMID: 31132566 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau is a critical ecosystem that sensitively responds to ongoing glacier shrinkage and permafrost thaw. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) in Tibetan Alpine rivers plays pivotal roles in the biogeochemical cycling of elements and nutrients at regional and even global scales, impacting water quality, downstream environments, and climate. However, little is known about the characteristics and dynamics of DOM in these watersheds. We investigated five major Himalayan rivers in the southern Tibetan Plateau, utilizing bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC), optical properties, and molecular formulas. We found extremely low DOC and fluorescent DOM (FDOM) levels in the rivers (average DOC: 0.25-0.87 mg L-1, FDOM: 0.02-0.05 RU) with a highly degraded molecular signature, which was enriched with heteroatomic molecular formulas (S-containing: 58-72%, N-containing: 61-86%) and condensed aromatics (31-39% vs. ∼11% in world major rivers). Further, 81-99% of the condensed aromatics was identified as dissolved black nitrogen (DBN) with multiple nitrogen atoms, typical for grassy biomass combustion. The findings highlighted potentially fast DOM remineralization leading to the release of CO2 and enriched apparently anthropogenic condensed aromatics and heteroatomic formulas in what have been considered pristine Tibetan rivers. These findings should be considered in future biogeochemical models and ecosystem management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Chen
- Environmental Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, 515063, China.
| | - Chaoliu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Chen Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Peter A Raymond
- Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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19
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Gao Y, Wang W, He C, Fang Z, Zhang Y, Shi Q. Fractionation and molecular characterization of natural organic matter (NOM) by solid-phase extraction followed by FT-ICR MS and ion mobility MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:6343-6352. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-019-01943-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Kovacevic V, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. The concentration of dissolved organic matter impacts the metabolic response in Daphnia magna exposed to 17α-ethynylestradiol and perfluorooctane sulfonate. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 170:468-478. [PMID: 30553925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The pharmaceutical 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and the industrial chemical perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) are organic contaminants frequently detected in freshwater environments. It is hypothesized that hydrophobic organic contaminants can sorb to dissolved organic matter (DOM) and this may reduce the toxicity of these contaminants by reducing the contaminants' bioavailability. To investigate this hypothesis, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was used to determine how the metabolome of Daphnia magna changes when a range of DOM concentrations are added during EE2 and PFOS exposure experiments. D. magna were exposed for 48 h to sub-lethal concentrations of 1 mg/L EE2 or 30 mg/L PFOS in the presence of 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 mg dissolved organic carbon (DOC)/L. EE2 exposure resulted in increased amino acids and decreased glucose in D. magna. All DOM concentrations were able to lessen these metabolite disturbances from EE2 exposure, likely due to reductions in the bioavailability of EE2 through interactions with DOM. Exposure to PFOS resulted in decreased amino acids, and the presence of 1 mg DOC/L did not alter this metabolic response. However, PFOS exposure with the higher DOM concentrations resulted in a different pattern of metabolite changes which may be due to combined impacts of PFOS and DOM on the metabolome or due to an increase in PFOS bioavailability and uptake in D. magna. These results suggest that the concentration of DOM influences the sensitive biochemical changes in organisms that occur during acute sub-lethal exposure to organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kovacevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - André J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada M1C 1A4
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3H6; Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON, Canada M1C 1A4.
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21
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Chen M, Jung J, Lee YK, Hur J. Surface accumulation of low molecular weight dissolved organic matter in surface waters and horizontal off-shelf spreading of nutrients and humic-like fluorescence in the Chukchi Sea of the Arctic Ocean. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 639:624-632. [PMID: 29803036 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Polar regions play unique roles in global overturning circulation, carbon cycling, and climate change. In this study, seawater dissolved organic matter (DOM) was characterized for the Chukchi Sea in the Arctic Ocean in the summer season. The seawater generally contains high concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC, up to 92 μM C) and tyrosine-like fluorescence (up to 0.21 RU), and it was enriched with heteroatomic molecular formula with nitrogen-containing and sulfur-containing formulas counting 2246 (~41% of total identified molecular formula) and 1838 (~34%), respectively. Significant correlations were observed between salinity and the absorption coefficient at 254 nm, between chlorophyll-a and DOC as well as the tyrosine-like component, C270/302 (Cex/em maxima), and between biological index and two protein-like components, C275/338 and C305/344. A comparison between surface waters and close-to-seafloor deep waters suggested a trend of the accumulation of low molecular weight (LMW) fraction (~54-74%, nominal average molecular weight Mn < ~350 Da) in the surface waters. Another interesting finding from spatial data was an obvious horizontal off-shelf spreading of nutrients and humic-like fluorescence. This study sheds novel insights of DOM characteristics and dynamics in the highly productive polar sea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Chen
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Environmental Program, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Jinyoung Jung
- Division of Polar Ocean Science, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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22
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Hua X, Zhao Z, Zhang L, Dong D, Guo Z. Role of dissolved organic matter from natural biofilms in oxytetracycline photodegradation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30271-30280. [PMID: 30155636 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is one of the most important factors that influence the photodegradation of antibiotics in the aquatic environment. However, the mechanisms by which DOM produced by natural biofilms (BDOM) influences photodegradation are poorly understood. Here, the influences of BDOM and fulvic acid (FA) as model DOM on the photodegradation of the antibiotic oxytetracycline (OTC) were investigated, and the differences between the characteristics of BDOM and FA were determined by ultraviolet, infrared, and three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum analyses. In addition, an experiment on the scavengers of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was also conducted to explore related mechanisms. The results indicated that the aromaticity degree and molecular weight of BDOM were lower than those of FA. The OTC photodegradation rates increased from 9.7 × 10-2 to 19.9 × 10-2 min-1 with increasing BDOM concentration, while they decreased from 8.9 × 10-2 to 5.6 × 10-2 min-1 with increasing FA concentration. Excited triplet-state BDOM (3BDOM*) and singlet oxygen (1O2) simultaneously promoted the photodegradation of H2OTC and HOTC-. However, FA inhibited OTC photodegradation through strong light-shielding effects. These results are beneficial for understanding the effects of natural biofilms on the antibiotic photodegradation in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyi Hua
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhenhao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Deming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment; College of Environment and Resources, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China.
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Ksionzek KB, Zhang J, Ludwichowski KU, Wilhelms-Dick D, Trimborn S, Jendrossek T, Kattner G, Koch BP. Stoichiometry, polarity, and organometallics in solid-phase extracted dissolved organic matter of the Elbe-Weser estuary. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203260. [PMID: 30183724 PMCID: PMC6124745 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous in natural waters and plays a central role in the biogeochemistry in riverine, estuarine and marine environments. This study quantifies and characterizes solid-phase extractable DOM and trace element complexation at different salinities in the Weser and Elbe River, northern Germany, and the North Sea. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), Co and Cu concentrations were analyzed in original water samples. Solid-phase extracted (SPE) water samples were analyzed for DOC (DOCSPE), dissolved organic nitrogen (DONSPE), sulfur (DOSSPE) and trace metal (51V, 52Cr, 59Co, 60Ni, 63Cu, 75As) concentrations. Additionally, different pre-treatment conditions (acidification vs. non-acidification prior to SPE) were tested. In agreement with previous studies, acidification led to generally higher recoveries for DOM and trace metals. Overall, higher DOM and trace metal concentrations and subsequently higher complexation of trace metals with carbon and sulfur-containing organic complexes were found in riverine compared to marine samples. With increasing salinity, the concentrations of DOM decreased due to estuarine mixing. However, the slightly lower relative decrease of both, DOCSPE and DONSPE (~77%) compared to DOSSPE (~86%) suggests slightly faster removal processes for DOSSPE. A similar distribution of trace metal and carbon and sulfur containing DOM concentrations with salinity indicates complexation of trace metals with organic ligands. This is further supported by an increase in Co and Cu concentration after oxidation of organic complexes by UV treatment. Additionally, the complexation of metals with organic ligands (analyzed by comparing metal/DOCSPE and metal/DOSSPE ratios) decreased in the order Cu > As > Ni > Cr > Co and thus followed the Irving-Williams order. Differences in riverine and marine trace metal containing DOMSPE are summarized by their average molar ratios of (C107N4P0.013S1)1000V0.05Cr0.33Co0.19Ni0.39Cu3.41As0.47 in the riverine endmember and (C163N7P0.055S1)1000V0.05Cr0.47Co0.16Ni0.07Cu4.05As0.58 in the marine endmember.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin B. Ksionzek
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, Bremen, Germany
- * E-mail: (KBK); (BPK)
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (SKLEC), East China Normal University (ECNU), Shanghai, China
| | - Kai-Uwe Ludwichowski
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Dorothee Wilhelms-Dick
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Scarlett Trimborn
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Thomas Jendrossek
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Gerhard Kattner
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Boris P. Koch
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- MARUM–Center for Marine Environmental Sciences, Leobener Straße, Bremen, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences, Bremerhaven, Germany
- * E-mail: (KBK); (BPK)
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Ly QV, Hur J. Further insight into the roles of the chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on ultrafiltration membranes as revealed by multiple advanced DOM characterization tools. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 201:168-177. [PMID: 29524817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.02.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This study assessed the relative contributions of different constitutes in dissolved organic matter (DOM) with two different sources (i.e., urban river and effluent) to membrane fouling on three types of ultrafiltration (UF) membranes via excitation emission matrix - parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS). Two polyethersulfone membranes with different pore sizes and one regenerated cellulose membrane were used as representative hydrophobic (HPO) and hydrophilic (HPI) UF membranes, respectively. Although size exclusion effect was found to be the most prevailing rejection mechanism, the behaviors of individual fluorescent components (one tryptophan-like, one microbial-humic-like, and terrestrial humic-like) and different size fractions upon the UF filtration revealed that chemical interactions (e.g., hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding) between DOM and membrane might play important roles in UF membrane fouling, especially for small sized DOM molecules. Based on the molecular level composition determined by FT-ICR-MS, the CHOS formula group showed a greater removal tendency toward the HPO membrane, while the CHONS group was prone to be removed by the HPI membrane. The changes in the overall molecular composition of DOM upon UF filtration were highly dependent on the sources of DOM. The molecules of more acidic nature tended to remain in the permeate of effluent DOM, while the river DOM was shifted into more nitrogen-enriched composition after filtration. Regardless of the DOM sources, the HPO membrane with a smaller pore size led to the most pronounced changes in the molecular composition of DOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Viet Ly
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea; Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment & Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea.
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25
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Kovacevic V, Simpson AJ, Simpson MJ. Investigation of Daphnia magna Sub-Lethal Exposure to Organophosphate Esters in the Presence of Dissolved Organic Matter Using ¹H NMR-Based Metabolomics. Metabolites 2018; 8:metabo8020034. [PMID: 29783758 PMCID: PMC6027453 DOI: 10.3390/metabo8020034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are frequently detected in aquatic environments. Hydrophobic OPEs with high octanol-water partition coefficients (Log KOW) will likely sorb to dissolved organic matter (DOM) and consequently alter OPE bioavailability and sub-lethal toxicity. 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics was used to evaluate how DOM (5 mg organic carbon/L) alters the metabolic response of Daphnia magna exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of three individual OPEs with varying hydrophobicity. D. magna exposed to the hydrophilic contaminant (Log KOW = 1.43) tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) did not have substantial metabolic changes and DOM did not alter the metabolic response. There were significant increases in amino acids and a decrease in glucose from exposure to the hydrophobic contaminant (Log KOW = 3.65) tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) which DOM did not mitigate, likely due to the high sub-lethal toxicity of TBOEP. Exposure to DOM and the hydrophobic contaminant (Log KOW = 4.76) triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) resulted in a unique metabolic response which was unlike TPhP only exposure, perhaps because DOM may be an additional stressor with TPhP exposure. Therefore, Log KOW values may not always predict how sub-lethal contaminant toxicity will change with DOM and there should be more consideration to incorporate DOM in sub-lethal ecotoxicology testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Kovacevic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - André J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
| | - Myrna J Simpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Environmental NMR Centre and Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
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26
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Li R, Wang S, Wang Y, Yu K. Development of a novel methodology for in vivo quantification of N/O/S-containing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons located on the epidermis of mangrove roots using graphene quantum dots as a fluorescence quencher. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 127:424-428. [PMID: 29475680 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2017.12.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A novel approach for in vivo determination of typical N/O/S-containing PAHs located on the epidermis of mangrove roots was developed using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a fluorescence quencher. The decreasing fluorescence intensity from GQDs was attributed to the amount of N/O/S-containing PAHs introduced onto the epidermis of mangrove roots. The linear ranges of the proposed method were 10.3-980ngg-1, 9.5-1350ngg-1 and 7.8-1200ngg-1 for DBF, DBT and CAR located on the epidermis of K. obovata roots, respectively. This method was also shown to be valid for quantifying the N/O/S-containing PAHs on the root epidermis in the presence of heavy metal (10mmolL-1) and dissolved organic matter (1mgL-1 C). Moreover, the death rates of epidermal cells were almost unchanged (p>0.05) after acquiring the fluorescence spectra, which is superior to the previously reported LITRF method with which the cell death rates increased to 42.6%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilong Li
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Shaopeng Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Yinghui Wang
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
| | - Kefu Yu
- School of Marine Sciences, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Coral Reef Research Center of China, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China; Guangxi Laboratory on the Study of Coral Reefs in the South China Sea, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
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27
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Derrien M, Lee YK, Shin KH, Hur J. Comparing discrimination capabilities of fluorescence spectroscopy versus FT-ICR-MS for sources and hydrophobicity of sediment organic matter. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:1892-1902. [PMID: 29103119 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the chemical and molecular composition of sediment organic matter (SeOM) provides critical information for a complete picture of global carbon and nutrient cycles, and helps to track the sources and the fate of organic carbon in aquatic environments. In this study, we examined fluorescence properties and the molecular composition of the alkaline-extractable organic matter (AEOM) of sediments in a coastal lake (Lake Sihwa) and its surrounding creeks (rural, urban, wetland, and industrial areas). Five fluorescence-based indices and 20 molecular parameters were selected from fluorescence spectroscopy and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR-MS), respectively, and utilized to discriminate the AEOM among five different sources as well as the chemical composition of hydrophobic acid (HoA) and hydrophilic (Hi) fractions. Ordination based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrices showed that the fluorescence-based indices distinguished among urban, lake, and the three other sources, while the molecular parameters from FT-ICR-MS performed better in discriminating among the sources of rural, wetland, and industrial areas. Irrespective of the sources, the two different chemical fractions were statistically distinguished by their relative distributions of the UVA-humic-like fluorescent component and the carbohydrate molecular group. However, a rigorous test based on percent dissimilarities indicated no superior capability of either of the two tools in discriminating the sources or their two chemical fractions, which might be attributed to the inherent structural heterogeneity of SeOM and the limited analytical window of FT-ICR-MS for relatively large-sized molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Derrien
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Hoon Shin
- Department of Environmental Marine Sciences, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi do, 15588, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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28
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Derrien M, Lee YK, Park JE, Li P, Chen M, Lee SH, Lee SH, Lee JB, Hur J. Spectroscopic and molecular characterization of humic substances (HS) from soils and sediments in a watershed: comparative study of HS chemical fractions and the origins. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:16933-16945. [PMID: 28577143 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9225-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Optical properties and molecular composition of humic substances (HS) can provide valuable information on the sources and the history of the associated biogeochemical processes. In this study, many well-known spectral and molecular characteristics were examined in eight different HS samples, which were extracted from soils and sediments located in a forested watershed, via two advanced tools including fluorescence excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Two humic-like (C1 and C2) and one protein-like (C3) components were identified from EEM-PARAFAC. Irrespective of the origins, humic acid (HA) fractions were distinguished from fulvic acid (FA) fractions by the HS characteristics of specific UV absorbance (SUVA), the number of formulas, maximum fluorescence intensities of C1 and C2, condensed aromatics, tannins, and CHON, CHOS, and CHONS classes. In contrast, only five HS indices, including C3 intensity, H%, modified aromatic index (AImod), the percentages of carbohydrates, and unsaturated hydrocarbons, were found to be significant factors in discriminating between the two HS origins (i.e., soils and sediments). The ordination of the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix further confirmed that the HS chemical fraction (i.e., HA or FA) was the more important factor to determine the measured HS characteristics than the HS origin. Our results provided an in-depth insight into the chemical and structural heterogeneity of bulk HS, which could be even beyond the differences observed along the two HS origins. This study also delivers a cautious message that the two operationally defined HS chemical fractions should be carefully considered in tracking the origins of different HS samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgane Derrien
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Yun Kyung Lee
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Jae-Eun Park
- Research Group for Mass Spectrometry, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, 28119, South Korea
| | - Penghui Li
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Meilian Chen
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Sang Hee Lee
- Environmental measurement analysis center, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyung Lee
- Water environmental engineering research division, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Incheon, 22689, South Korea
| | - Jun-Bae Lee
- Geum River water environmental research center, National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Okcheon, Chungchung, 29029, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment and Energy, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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29
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Biological early diagenesis and insolation-paced paleoproductivity signified in deep core sediment organic matter. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1581. [PMID: 28484263 PMCID: PMC5431472 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01759-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamics of a large stock of organic matter contained in deep sediments of marginal seas plays pivotal role in global carbon cycle, yet it is poorly constrained. Here, dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediments was investigated for core sediment up to ~240 meters deep in the East/Japan Sea. The upper downcore profile (≤118 mbsf, or meters below seafloor) at a non-chimney site (U1) featured the exponential production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and optically active DOM with time in the pore water above sulfate-methane-transition-zone (SMTZ), concurrent with the increases of nutrients and alkalinity, and the reduction of sulfate. Such depth profiles signify a biological pathway of the DOM production during the early diagenesis of particulate organic matter presumably dominated by sulfate reduction. Below the SMTZ, an insolation-paced oscillation of DOM in a ~405-Kyr cycle of orbital eccentricity was observed at site U1, implying astronomically paced paleoproductivity stimulated by light availability. Furthermore, DOM dynamics of the deep sediments were likely governed by intensive humification as revealed by the less pronounced protein-like fluorescence and the lower H/C and O/C ratios below SMTZ among 15,281 formulas identified. Our findings here provide novel insights into organic matter dynamics in deep sediments.
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30
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Poulin BA, Ryan JN, Nagy KL, Stubbins A, Dittmar T, Orem W, Krabbenhoft DP, Aiken GR. Spatial Dependence of Reduced Sulfur in Everglades Dissolved Organic Matter Controlled by Sulfate Enrichment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:3630-3639. [PMID: 28248098 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfate inputs to the Florida Everglades stimulate sulfidic conditions in freshwater wetland sediments that affect ecological and biogeochemical processes. An unexplored implication of sulfate enrichment is alteration of the content and speciation of sulfur in dissolved organic matter (DOM), which influences the reactivity of DOM with trace metals. Here, we describe the vertical and lateral spatial dependence of sulfur chemistry in the hydrophobic organic acid fraction of DOM from unimpacted and sulfate-impacted Everglades wetlands using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. Spatial variation in DOM sulfur content and speciation reflects the degree of sulfate enrichment and resulting sulfide concentrations in sediment pore waters. Sulfur is incorporated into DOM predominantly as highly reduced species in sulfidic pore waters. Sulfur-enriched DOM in sediment pore waters exchanges with overlying surface waters and the sulfur likely undergoes oxidative transformations in the water column. Across all wetland sites and depths, the total sulfur content of DOM correlated with the relative abundance of highly reduced sulfur functionality. The results identify sulfate input as a primary determinant on DOM sulfur chemistry to be considered in the context of wetland restoration and sulfur and trace metal cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Poulin
- U.S. Geological Survey , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Joseph N Ryan
- Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado Boulder , Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Kathryn L Nagy
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Aron Stubbins
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Marine Sciences Department, University of Georgia , Savannah, Georgia 31401, United States
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- Research Group for Marine Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg , Carl-von-Ossietzky-Strasse 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - William Orem
- U.S. Geological Survey , Reston, Virginia 20192, United States
| | | | - George R Aiken
- U.S. Geological Survey , Boulder, Colorado 80303, United States
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31
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Hu Y, Huang W, Tong Y, Xia Q, Tian M. Boronate-affinity hollow molecularly imprinted polymers for the selective extraction of nucleosides. NEW J CHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7nj00148g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Preparation of a boronate-affinity hollow molecularly imprinted polymer and its application as an SPE adsorbent for the selective enrichment of nucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials
- Heilongjiang Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Normal University
- Harbin 150025
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials
- Heilongjiang Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Normal University
- Harbin 150025
| | - Yukui Tong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials
- Heilongjiang Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Normal University
- Harbin 150025
| | - Qinfei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials
- Heilongjiang Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Normal University
- Harbin 150025
| | - Miaomiao Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Biomaterials and Energy Storage Materials
- Heilongjiang Province
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Harbin Normal University
- Harbin 150025
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32
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Chen M, Kim JH, Nam SI, Niessen F, Hong WL, Kang MH, Hur J. Production of fluorescent dissolved organic matter in Arctic Ocean sediments. Sci Rep 2016; 6:39213. [PMID: 27982085 PMCID: PMC5159788 DOI: 10.1038/srep39213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the production of fluorescent dissolved organic matter (FDOM) in the anoxic oceanic sediments. In this study, sediment pore waters were sampled from four different sites in the Chukchi-East Siberian Seas area to examine the bulk dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and their optical properties. The production of FDOM, coupled with the increase of nutrients, was observed above the sulfate-methane-transition-zone (SMTZ). The presence of FDOM was concurrent with sulfate reduction and increased alkalinity (R2 > 0.96, p < 0.0001), suggesting a link to organic matter degradation. This inference was supported by the positive correlation (R2 > 0.95, p < 0.0001) between the net production of FDOM and the modeled degradation rates of particulate organic carbon sulfate reduction. The production of FDOM was more pronounced in a shallow shelf site S1 with a total net production ranging from 17.9 to 62.3 RU for different FDOM components above the SMTZ depth of ca. 4.1 mbsf, which presumably underwent more accumulation of particulate organic matter than the other three deeper sites. The sediments were generally found to be the sources of CDOM and FDOM to the overlying water column, unearthing a channel of generally bio-refractory and pre-aged DOM to the oceans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meilian Chen
- Department of Environment &Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Kim
- Petroleum &Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, South Korea
| | - Seung-Il Nam
- Division of Polar Paleoenvironment Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, South Korea
| | - Frank Niessen
- Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (AWI), Am Alten Hafen 26, 27568 Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Wei-Li Hong
- CAGE - Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrate, Environment and Climate, Department of Geology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Moo-Hee Kang
- Petroleum &Marine Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, 124 Gwahang-no, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34132, South Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Environment &Energy, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
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Chen M, Kim S, Park JE, Jung HJ, Hur J. Structural and compositional changes of dissolved organic matter upon solid-phase extraction tracked by multiple analytical tools. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:6249-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9728-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 06/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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