1
|
Falcón A, Martínez-Pulgarín S, López-Serrano S, Reytor E, Cid M, Nuñez MDC, Córdoba L, Darji A, Escribano JM. Development of a Fully Protective Pandemic Avian Influenza Subunit Vaccine in Insect Pupae. Viruses 2024; 16:829. [PMID: 38932122 PMCID: PMC11209067 DOI: 10.3390/v16060829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we pioneered an alternative technology for manufacturing subunit influenza hemagglutinin (HA)-based vaccines. This innovative method involves harnessing the pupae of the Lepidoptera Trichoplusia ni (T. ni) as natural biofactories in combination with baculovirus vectors (using CrisBio® technology). We engineered recombinant baculoviruses encoding two versions of the HA protein (trimeric or monomeric) derived from a pandemic avian H7N1 virus A strain (A/chicken/Italy/5093/99). These were then used to infect T. ni pupae, resulting in the production of the desired recombinant antigens. The obtained HA proteins were purified using affinity chromatography, consistently yielding approximately 75 mg/L of insect extract. The vaccine antigen effectively immunized poultry, which were subsequently challenged with a virulent H7N1 avian influenza virus. Following infection, all vaccinated animals survived without displaying any clinical symptoms, while none of the mock-vaccinated control animals survived. The CrisBio®-derived antigens induced high titers of HA-specific antibodies in the vaccinated poultry, demonstrating hemagglutination inhibition activity against avian H7N1 and human H7N9 viruses. These results suggest that the CrisBio® technology platform has the potential to address major industry challenges associated with producing recombinant influenza subunit vaccines, such as enhancing production yields, scalability, and the speed of development, facilitating the global deployment of highly effective influenza vaccines.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Influenza Vaccines/immunology
- Influenza Vaccines/genetics
- Influenza Vaccines/administration & dosage
- Pupa/immunology
- Influenza in Birds/prevention & control
- Influenza in Birds/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/immunology
- Vaccines, Subunit/genetics
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/immunology
- Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus/genetics
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Chickens
- Influenza A Virus, H7N1 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N1 Subtype/genetics
- Baculoviridae/genetics
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/immunology
- Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype/genetics
- Humans
- Vaccine Development
- Moths/immunology
- Pandemics/prevention & control
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Falcón
- Alternative Gene Expression S.L. (ALGENEX), Ronda de Poniente 14, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sergi López-Serrano
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Programa de Sanitat Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Edel Reytor
- Alternative Gene Expression S.L. (ALGENEX), Ronda de Poniente 14, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel Cid
- Alternative Gene Expression S.L. (ALGENEX), Ronda de Poniente 14, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lorena Córdoba
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Programa de Sanitat Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Ayub Darji
- Unitat Mixta d’Investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Programa de Sanitat Animal, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - José M. Escribano
- Alternative Gene Expression S.L. (ALGENEX), Ronda de Poniente 14, 28760 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu S, Yang M, Smarr C, Zhang G, Barton H, Xu W. Engineered Living Structures with Shape-Morphing Capability Enabled by 4D Printing with Functional Bacteria. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:3247-3257. [PMID: 38648508 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Engineered living structures with the incorporation of functional bacteria have been explored extensively in recent years and have shown promising potential applications in biosensing, environmental remediation, and biomedicine. However, it is still rare and challenging to achieve multifunctional capabilities such as material production, shape transformation, and sensing in a single-engineered living structure. In this study, we demonstrate bifunctional living structures by synergistically integrating cellulose-generating bacteria with pH-responsive hydrogels, and the entire structures can be precisely fabricated by three-dimensional (3D) printing. Such 3D-printed bifunctional living structures produce cellulose nanofibers in ambient conditions and have reversible and controlled shape-morphing properties (usually referred to as four-dimensional printing). Those functionalities make them biomimetic versions of silkworms in the sense that both can generate nanofibers and have body motion. We systematically investigate the processing-structure-property relationship of the bifunctional living structures. The on-demand separation of 3D cellulose structures from the hydrogel template and the living nature of the bacteria after processing and shape transformation are also demonstrated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shan Liu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Muxuan Yang
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Cade Smarr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Ge Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Hazel Barton
- Department of Biology, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Weinan Xu
- School of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
NODA M, DANSHIITSOODOL N, KANNO K, SUGIYAMA M. Silk-derived sericin/fibroin mixture drink fermented with plant-derived Lactococcus lactis BM32-1 improves constipation and related microbiota: a randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled clinical trial. BIOSCIENCE OF MICROBIOTA, FOOD AND HEALTH 2024; 43:282-292. [PMID: 38966048 PMCID: PMC11220338 DOI: 10.12938/bmfh.2023-102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
We previously showed through clinical trials that one plant-derived lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can improve constipation. We preliminarily found that the plant-derived LAB Lactococcus lactis BM32-1 can grow in a mixture of sericin and fibroin, which are extracted from silk and have been reported to help promote health. Thus, in the present study, we evaluated the favorable effect of a sericin/fibroin mixture (S/F-M), which was extracted from silk prepared from cocoons reared in an aseptic rearing system using an artificial diet, fermented with the BM32-1 strain through a clinical trial. The trial was conducted at Hiroshima University from June to October 2022 as a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized parallel-group comparative study with 50 eligible subjects (aged 23-71) who had an average defecation frequency of less than 5 times per week. The subjects were instructed to drink 100 mL of fermented S/F-M or placebo every day. After the 12 weeks of the clinical trial period, the average defecation frequency increased significantly-1.4 times higher than that at baseline in the test group-as compared with the placebo group. Furthermore, the fecal microbiota was also compared before and after treatment, revealing that intake of the fermented S/F-M significantly multiplied the relative abundance of the genera Enterococcus and Clostridium, which have been reported to contribute to the amelioration of constipation by improving the gut microbiota and producing butyric acid, respectively. In conclusion, the S/F-M fermented using the BM32-1 strain improves defecation frequency through alteration of the gut microbiota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi NODA
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine,
Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi,
Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Narandalai DANSHIITSOODOL
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine,
Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi,
Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Keishi KANNO
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hiroshima University
Hospital, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| | - Masanori SUGIYAMA
- Department of Probiotic Science for Preventive Medicine,
Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi,
Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lye PY, Shiraki C, Fukushima Y, Takaki K, Liew MWO, Yamamoto M, Wakabayashi K, Mori H, Kotani E. Cytotoxin-mediated silk gland organ dysfunction diverts resources to enhance silkworm fecundity by potentiating nutrient-sensing IIS/TOR pathways. iScience 2024; 27:108853. [PMID: 38303707 PMCID: PMC10830876 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Energy reserves, primarily stored in the insect's fat body, are essential for physiological processes such as reproduction and cocoon formation. However, whether these processes are mutually constraining is unknown. Here, we showed that cocoon-free silkworms accumulate amino acid constituents of silk proteins in the hemolymph and maintain lipid and sugar reserves in the pupal fat body by repressing the expression of sericin and fibroin genes in the middle and posterior silk glands, respectively, via butterfly pierisin-1A catalytic domain expression. This, in turn, upregulates insulin/insulin-like signaling and target of rapamycin (IIS/TOR) signaling, which enhances vitellogenesis and accelerates ovarian development, thus contributing to increased fecundity. The impacts of semi-starvation on fecundity and egg hatchability were also less pronounced in cocoon-free silkworms compared with wildtype silkworms. These data uncover the resource allocation trade-off between cocoon formation and fecundity and demonstrate that nutritional signaling plays a role in regulating silkworm reproduction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ying Lye
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Chika Shiraki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Yuta Fukushima
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Keiko Takaki
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Mervyn Wing On Liew
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | - Masafumi Yamamoto
- ICLAS Monitoring Center, Central Institute for Experimental Animals, 3-25-12 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki 210-0821, Japan
| | - Keiji Wakabayashi
- Graduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan
| | - Hajime Mori
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Eiji Kotani
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
- Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Morio A, Lee JM, Fujii T, Mon H, Masuda A, Kakino K, Xu J, Banno Y, Kusakabe T. The biological role of core 1β1-3galactosyltransferase (T-synthase) in mucin-type O-glycosylation in Silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 156:103936. [PMID: 36990248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2023.103936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
O-glycosylation of secreted and membrane-bound proteins is an important post-translational modification that affects recognition of cell surface receptors, protein folding, and stability. However, despite the importance of O-linked glycans, their biological functions have not yet been fully elucidated and the synthetic pathway of O-glycosylation has not been investigated in detail, especially in the silkworm. In this study, we aimed to investigate O-glycosylation in silkworms by analyzing the overall structural profiles of mucin-type O-glycans using LC-MS. We found GalNAc or GlcNAc monosaccharide and core 1 disaccharide (Galβ1-3-GalNAcα1-Ser/Thr) were major components of the O-glycan attached to secreted proteins produced in silkworms. Furthermore, we characterized the 1 b1,3-galactosyltransferase (T-synthase) required for synthesis of the core 1 structure, common to many animals. Five transcriptional variants and four protein isoforms were identified in silkworms, and the biological functions of these isoforms were investigated. We found that BmT-synthase isoforms 1 and 2 were localized in the Golgi apparatus in cultured BmN4 cells and functioned both in cultured cells and silkworms. Additionally, a specific functional domain of T-synthase, called the stem domain, was found to be essential for activity and is presumed to be needed for dimer formation and galactosyltransferase activity. Altogether, our results elucidated the O-glycan profile and function of T-synthase in the silkworm. Our findings allow the practical comprehension of O-glycosylation required for employing silkworms as a productive expression system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Morio
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Biologics Technology Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd, 2716-1 Kurakake 2716-1, Ohra-gun Chiyoda-machi, Gunma, 370-0503, Gunma, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Creative Science for Insect Industries, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tsuguru Fujii
- Laboratory of Creative Science for Insect Industries, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mon
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Akitsu Masuda
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kohei Kakino
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biology and Information Science, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, PR China
| | - Yutaka Banno
- Graduate School of Bio Resources and Bioenvironmental Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Liu YX, Yang JY, Sun JL, Wang AC, Wang XY, Zhu LB, Cao HH, Huang ZH, Liu SH, Xu JP. Reactive oxygen species-mediated phosphorylation of JNK is involved in the regulation of BmFerHCH on Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus proliferation. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 235:123834. [PMID: 36842745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation is widely observed during virus infection, modulating various aspects of the virus-host interaction. In our previous research, we have proved that B. mori ferritin heavy-chain homolog (BmFerHCH), an inhibitor of reactive oxygen species (ROS), facilitates B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) proliferation. However, one question remains: Which downstream signaling pathways does BmFerHCH regulate by inhibiting ROS? Here, we first determined that silencing BmFerHCH inhibits BmNPV proliferation, and this inhibition depends on ROS. Then, we substantiated that BmNPV infection activates the JNK signaling pathway. Interestingly, the JNK phosphorylation during BmNPV infection is activated by ROS. Further, we found that the enhanced nuclear translocation of phospho-JNK induced by BmNPV infection was dramatically reduced by pretreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), whereas there was more detectable phospho-JNK in the cytoplasm. Next, we investigated how changes in BmFerHCH expression affect JNK phosphorylation. BmFerHCH overexpression suppressed the phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of phospho-JNK during BmNPV infection, whereas BmFerHCH knockdown facilitated phosphorylation of JNK and nuclear translocation of phospho-JNK. By measuring the viral load, we found the inhibitory effect of BmFerHCH knockdown on BmNPV infection depends on phosphorylated JNK. In addition, the JNK signaling pathway was involved in BmNPV-triggered apoptosis. Hence, we hypothesize that ROS-mediated JNK phosphorylation is involved in the regulation of BmFerHCH on BmNPV proliferation. These results elucidate the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of BmFerHCH-mediated response to BmNPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Xue Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China; National Navel Orange Engineering and Technology Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jia-Yue Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jun-Long Sun
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - An-Cheng Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xing-Ya Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hui-Hua Cao
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhi-Hao Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Shi-Huo Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China.
| | - Jia-Ping Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; Anhui International Joint Research and Developmental Center of Sericulture Resources Utilization, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pirkalkhoran S, Grabowska WR, Kashkoli HH, Mirhassani R, Guiliano D, Dolphin C, Khalili H. Bioengineering of Antibody Fragments: Challenges and Opportunities. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10020122. [PMID: 36829616 PMCID: PMC9952581 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10020122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibody fragments are used in the clinic as important therapeutic proteins for treatment of indications where better tissue penetration and less immunogenic molecules are needed. Several expression platforms have been employed for the production of these recombinant proteins, from which E. coli and CHO cell-based systems have emerged as the most promising hosts for higher expression. Because antibody fragments such as Fabs and scFvs are smaller than traditional antibody structures and do not require specific patterns of glycosylation decoration for therapeutic efficacy, it is possible to express them in systems with reduced post-translational modification capacity and high expression yield, for example, in plant and insect cell-based systems. In this review, we describe different bioengineering technologies along with their opportunities and difficulties to manufacture antibody fragments with consideration of stability, efficacy and safety for humans. There is still potential for a new production technology with a view of being simple, fast and cost-effective while maintaining the stability and efficacy of biotherapeutic fragments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sama Pirkalkhoran
- School of Biomedical Science, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK
| | | | | | | | - David Guiliano
- School of Life Science, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Westminster, London W1W 6UW, UK
| | - Colin Dolphin
- School of Biomedical Science, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK
| | - Hanieh Khalili
- School of Biomedical Science, University of West London, London W5 5RF, UK
- School of Pharmacy, University College London, London WC1N 1AX, UK
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Expression and Purification of Porcine Rotavirus Structural Proteins in Silkworm Larvae as a Vaccine Candidate. Mol Biotechnol 2023; 65:401-409. [PMID: 35963985 PMCID: PMC9376036 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-022-00548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, silkworm larvae were used for expression of porcine rotavirus A (KS14 strain) inner capsid protein, VP6, and outer capsid protein, VP7. Initially, VP6 was fused with Strep-tag II and FLAG-tag (T-VP6), and T-VP6 was fused further with the signal peptide of Bombyx mori 30k6G protein (30k-T-VP6). T-VP6 and 30 k-T-VP6 were then expressed in the fat body and hemolymph of silkworm larvae, respectively, with respective amounts of 330 μg and 50 μg per larva of purified protein. Unlike T-VP6, 30k-T-VP6 was N-glycosylated due to attached signal peptide. Also, VP7 was fused with PA-tag (VP7-PA). Additionally, VP7 was fused with Strep-tag II, FLAG-tag, and the signal peptide of Bombyx mori 30k6G protein (30k-T-ΔVP7). Both VP7-PA and 30k-T-ΔVP7 were expressed in the hemolymph of silkworm larvae, with respective amounts of 26 μg and 49 μg per larva of purified protein, respectively. The results from our study demonstrated that T-VP6 formed nanoparticles of greater diameter compared with the ones formed by 30k-T-VP6. Also, higher amount of VP6 expressed in silkworm larvae reveal that VP6 holds the potential for its use in vaccine development against porcine rotavirus with silkworm larvae as a promising host for the production of such multi-subunit vaccines.
Collapse
|
9
|
Xu J, Sekiguchi T, Boonyakida J, Kato T, Park EY. Display of multiple proteins on engineered canine parvovirus-like particles expressed in cultured silkworm cells and silkworm larvae. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1096363. [PMID: 36873345 PMCID: PMC9977810 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1096363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent progress has been made dramatically in decorating virus-like particles (VLPs) on the surface or inside with functional molecules, such as antigens or nucleic acids. However, it is still challenging to display multiple antigens on the surface of VLP to meet the requirement as a practical vaccine candidate. Herein this study, we focus on the expression and engineering of the capsid protein VP2 of canine parvovirus for VLP display in the silkworm-expression system. The chemistry of the SpyTag/SpyCatcher (SpT/SpC) and SnoopTag/SnoopCatcher (SnT/SnC) are efficient protein covalent ligation systems to modify VP2 genetically, where SpyTag/SnoopTag are inserted into the N-terminus or two distinct loop regions (Lx and L2) of VP2. The SpC-EGFP and SnC-mCherry are employed as model proteins to evaluate their binding and display on six SnT/SnC-modified VP2 variants. From a series of protein binding assays between indicated protein partners, we showed that the VP2 variant with SpT inserted at the L2 region significantly enhanced VLP display to 80% compared to 5.4% from N-terminal SpT-fused VP2-derived VLPs. In contrast, the VP2 variant with SpT at the Lx region failed to form VLPs. Moreover, the SpT (Lx)/SnT (L2) double-engineered chimeric VP2 variants showed covalent conjugation capacity to both SpC/SnC protein partners. The orthogonal ligations between those binding partners were confirmed by both mixing purified proteins and co-infecting cultured silkworm cells or larvae with desired recombinant viruses. Our results indicate that a convenient VLP display platform was successfully developed for multiple antigen displays on demand. Further verifications can be performed to assess its capacity for displaying desirable antigens and inducing a robust immune response to targeted pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Sekiguchi
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jirayu Boonyakida
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kajiura H, Tatematsu KI, Nomura T, Miyazawa M, Usami A, Tamura T, Sezutsu H, Fujiyama K. Insights into the quality of recombinant proteins produced by two different Bombyx mori expression systems. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18502. [PMID: 36323753 PMCID: PMC9628610 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22565-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm, Bombyx mori, is an attractive host for recombinant protein production due to its high expression efficiency, quality, and quantity. Two expression systems have been widely used for recombinant protein production in B. mori: baculovirus/silkworm expression system and transgenic silkworm expression system. Both expression systems enable high protein production, but the qualities of the resulting recombinant proteins have not been well evaluated. In this study, we expressed bovine interferon γ (IFN-γ) using the two systems and examined the quality of the resulting proteins in terms of N-glycosylation and protein cleavage. Both expression systems successfully produced IFN-γ as an N-glycoprotein. Although the production in the baculovirus/silkworm expression system was much more efficient than that in the transgenic silkworm expression system, unexpected variants of IFN-γ were also produced in the former system due to the different N-glycosylation and C-terminal truncations. These results indicate that while high protein production could be achieved in the baculovirus/silkworm expression system, unintentional protein modification might occur, and therefore protein expression in the transgenic silkworm expression system is preferable from the point-of-view of N-glycosylation of the recombinant protein and evasion of unexpected attack by a protease in B. mori.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kajiura
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita-Shi, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita-Shi, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan
| | - Ken-ichiro Tatematsu
- grid.416835.d0000 0001 2222 0432Division of Silk-Producing Insect Biotechnology, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Nomura
- grid.419812.70000 0004 1777 4627Sysmex Corporation, 1548 Ooaza Shimookudomi, Sayama, Saitama 350-1332 Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Miyazawa
- grid.416835.d0000 0001 2222 0432Division of Biomaterial Sciences, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634 Japan
| | - Akihiro Usami
- grid.419812.70000 0004 1777 4627Sysmex Corporation, 1548 Ooaza Shimookudomi, Sayama, Saitama 350-1332 Japan
| | - Toshiki Tamura
- grid.416629.e0000 0004 0377 2137Silk Science and Technology Research Institute, 1053, Iikura, Ami-Machi, Ibaraki, 300-0324 Japan
| | - Hideki Sezutsu
- grid.416835.d0000 0001 2222 0432Division of Silk-Producing Insect Biotechnology, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 1-2 Owashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8634 Japan
| | - Kazuhito Fujiyama
- grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971International Center for Biotechnology, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita-Shi, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.136593.b0000 0004 0373 3971Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives (OTRI), Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-Oka, Suita-Shi, Osaka, 565-0871 Japan ,grid.10223.320000 0004 1937 0490Osaka University Cooperative Research Station in Southeast Asia (OU:CRS), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Boonyakida J, Nakanishi T, Satoh J, Shimahara Y, Mekata T, Park EY. Immunostimulation of shrimp through oral administration of silkworm pupae expressing VP15 against WSSV. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 128:157-167. [PMID: 35917887 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the most concerning pathogens in penaeid shrimp and can cause severe loss in shrimp aquaculture worldwide. Among the WSSV structural proteins, VP15, a DNA-binding protein located in the WSSV nucleocapsid, is an antiviral protein candidate to protect kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) from WSSV infection. We identified that the truncated VP15, VP15(26-57), is responsible for the protective effect against the WSSV. This study attempts to develop an immunizing agent against WSSV using silkworm pupa as a delivery vector through oral administration. The VP15, VP15(26-57), and SR11 peptide derived from VP15(26-57) were expressed in silkworm pupae. Oral administration of feed mixed with the powdered pupae that expressed VP15-derived constructs enhanced the survivability of kuruma shrimp with an overall relative percent survival (RPS) higher than 70%. There is no death for the group receiving pupa/VP15(26-57), and the RPS is 100%. In addition, we also investigated the relative mRNA expression levels of immune-related genes by qPCR at different time points. Our results indicate that the oral administration of pupa/VP15-derived products could provide a high protective effect against WSSV and be a practical approach for controlling WSSV in aquaculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Boonyakida
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Takafumi Nakanishi
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Jun Satoh
- Fisheries Technology Institute of National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Tamaki Field Station, Mie, 519-0423, Japan.
| | - Yoshiko Shimahara
- Fisheries Technology Institute of National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Kamiura Field Station, Oita, 879-2602, Japan.
| | - Tohru Mekata
- Fisheries Technology Institute of National Research and Development Agency, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency, Namsei Field Station, Mie, 516-0193, Japan.
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ward, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chellappan DK, Bhandare RR, Shaik AB, Prasad K, Suhaimi NAA, Yap WS, Das A, Banerjee P, Ghosh N, Guith T, Das A, Balakrishnan S, Candasamy M, Mayuren J, Palaniveloo K, Gupta G, Singh SK, Dua K. Vaccine for Diabetes-Where Do We Stand? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169470. [PMID: 36012735 PMCID: PMC9409121 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is an endocrinological disorder with a rapidly increasing number of patients globally. Over the last few years, the alarming status of diabetes has become a pivotal factor pertaining to morbidity and mortality among the youth as well as middle-aged people. Current developments in our understanding related to autoimmune responses leading to diabetes have developed a cause for concern in the prospective usage of immunomodulatory agents to prevent diabetes. The mechanism of action of vaccines varies greatly, such as removing autoreactive T cells and inhibiting the interactions between immune cells. Currently, most developed diabetes vaccines have been tested in animal models, while only a few human trials have been completed with positive outcomes. In this review, we investigate the undergoing clinical trial studies for the development of a prototype diabetes vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (D.K.C.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +60-12-636-1308 (D.K.C.); +971-6-705-6227 (R.R.B.)
| | - Richie R. Bhandare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: (D.K.C.); (R.R.B.); Tel.: +60-12-636-1308 (D.K.C.); +971-6-705-6227 (R.R.B.)
| | - Afzal B. Shaik
- St. Mary’s College of Pharmacy, St. Mary’s Group of Institutions Guntur, Chebrolu, Guntur 522212, India
| | - Krishna Prasad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Science Research, Ajman University, Al-Jruf, Ajman P.O. Box 346, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Wei Sheng Yap
- School of Health Sciences, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Arpita Das
- Department of Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata 700126, India
| | - Pradipta Banerjee
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Nandini Ghosh
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Tanner Guith
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Amitava Das
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | | | - Mayuren Candasamy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Jayashree Mayuren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
| | - Kishneth Palaniveloo
- C302, Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur 302017, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T Road, Phagwara 144411, India
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yong CY, Liew WPP, Ong HK, Poh CL. Development of virus-like particles-based vaccines against coronaviruses. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 38:e3292. [PMID: 35932092 PMCID: PMC9537895 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS‐CoV), and the current severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) are the most impactful coronaviruses in human history, especially the latter, which brings revolutionary changes to human vaccinology. Due to its high infectivity, the virus spreads rapidly throughout the world and was declared a pandemic in March 2020. A vaccine would normally take more than 10 years to be developed. As such, there is no vaccine available for SARS‐CoV and MERS‐CoV. Currently, 10 vaccines have been approved for emergency use by World Health Organization (WHO) against SARS‐CoV‐2. Virus‐like particle (VLP)s are nanoparticles resembling the native virus but devoid of the viral genome. Due to their self‐adjuvanting properties, VLPs have been explored extensively for vaccine development. However, none of the approved vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 was based on VLP and only 4% of the vaccine candidates in clinical trials were based on VLPs. In the current review, we focused on discussing the major advances in the development of VLP‐based vaccine candidates against the SARS‐CoV, MERS‐CoV, and SARS‐CoV‐2, including those in clinical and pre‐clinical studies, to give a comprehensive overview of the VLP‐based vaccines against the coronaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chean Yeah Yong
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Winnie Pui Pui Liew
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hui Kian Ong
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu J, Nakanishi T, Kato T, Park E. In vivo enzymatic digestion of HRV 3C protease cleavage sites-containing proteins produced in a silkworm-baculovirus expression system. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20220739. [PMID: 35642592 PMCID: PMC9202508 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus expression vector system (BEVS) has been recognized as a potent protein expression system in engineering valuable enzymes and vaccines. Various fusion tags facilitate protein purification, leaving the potential risk to influence the target protein's biological activity negatively. It is of great interest to consider removing the additional tags using site-specific proteases, such as human rhinoviruses (HRV) 3C protease. The current study validated the cleavage activity of 3C protease in Escherichia coli and silkworm-BEVS systems by mixing the cell or fat body lysates of 3C protein and 3C site containing target protein in vitro. Further verification has been performed in the fat body lysate from co-expression of both constructs, showing remarkable cleavage efficiency in vivo silkworm larvae. We also achieved the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) tag-cleaved product of the VP15 protein from the White spot syndrome virus after purification, suggesting that we successfully established a coinfection-based recognition-and-reaction BEVS platform for the tag-free protein engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Takafumi Nakanishi
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Temporal analysis of N-acetylglucosamine extension of N-glycans in the middle silk gland of silkworm Bombyx mori. J Biosci Bioeng 2022; 133:533-540. [PMID: 35397991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
N-glycosylation of proteins is an important post-translational modification in eukaryotic cells. One of the key modifications in protein N-glycosylation is N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) extension mediated by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GNTI), which triggers N-glycan maturation from high-mannose-type to hybrid- and complex-type structures in Golgi. However, the temporal contributions of GNTI to GlcNAc extension and the resultant N-glycan structures in insects have not been analyzed. Here, focusing on GlcNAc extension of N-glycan in the silkworm Bombyx mori, we analyzed the temporal N-glycan alterations in the middle silk gland (MSG) and characterized the property of key enzyme for complex-type N-glycan biosynthesis, B. mori GNTI (BmGNTI). N-glycan analysis of N-glycoproteins in the MSG demonstrated that BmGNTI identified and characterized in this study consistently contributed to GlcNAc extension of N-glycans, which led to the accumulation of GlcNAc-extended N-glycans as predominant structures throughout the MSG development. The expression profile of GlcNAc extension-related genes revealed that the enzymes contributing to the hydrolysis of GlcNAc showed stage-specific expressions, thereby resulting in accumulations of the end product N-glycans of the enzyme. These results lead to the speculation that not BmGNTI but rather glycosylhydrolases critically influenced the structural formations and the changes in the ratio of N-glycans with GlcNAc residue(s) in MSG.
Collapse
|
16
|
Das PK, Sahoo A, Dasu VV. Current status, and the developments of hosts and expression systems for the production of recombinant human cytokines. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107969. [PMID: 35525478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines consist of peptides, proteins and glycoproteins, which are biological signaling molecules, and boost cell-cell communication in immune reactions to stimulate cellular movements in the place of trauma, inflammation and infection. Recombinant cytokines are designed in such a way that they have generalized immunostimulation action or stimulate specific immune cells when the body encounters immunosuppressive signals from exogenous pathogens or other tumor microenvironments. Recombinant cytokines have improved the treatment processes for numerous diseases. They are also beneficial against novel toxicities that arise due to pharmacologic immunostimulators that lead to an imbalance in the regulation of cytokine. So, the production and use of recombinant human cytokines as therapeutic proteins are significant for medical treatment purposes. For the improved production of recombinant human cytokines, the development of host cells such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, insect, mammal and transgenic plants, and the specific expression systems for individual hosts is necessary. The recent advancements in the field of genetic engineering are beneficial for easy and efficient genetic manipulations for hosts as well as expression cassettes. The use of metabolic engineering and systems biology approaches have tremendous applications in recombinant protein production by generating mathematical models, and analyzing complex biological networks and metabolic pathways via simulations to understand the interconnections between metabolites and genetic behaviors. Further, the bioprocess developments and the optimization of cell culture conditions would enhance recombinant cytokines productivity on large scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Kumar Das
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ansuman Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Veeranki Venkata Dasu
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Goffar MG, Deo VK, Kato T, Park EY. Dual display hemagglutinin 1 and 5 on the surface of enveloped virus-like particles in silkworm expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2022; 197:106106. [PMID: 35525404 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2022.106106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Rous sarcoma virus-like particles (RSV-LPs) displaying hemagglutinins of H1N1 (A/New Caledonia/20/99) (H1) and H5N1 (A/Vietnam/1194/2004) (H5) of the influenza A virus were produced. The H1 has its transmembrane domain, but the H5 was fused with the transmembrane domain of glycoprotein 64 (BmGP64) from Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). H1 and RSV Gag protein were coexpressed in the hemolymph of silkworm larvae, copurified, and confirmed RSV-LP displaying H1 (VLP/H1). Similarly, the RSV-LP displaying H5 (VLP/H5) production was also achieved. Using fetuin agarose column chromatography, RSV Gag protein-coexpressed H1 and H5 in silkworms were copurified from the hemolymph. By immuno-TEM, H1 and H5 were observed on the surface of an RSV-LP, indicating the formation of bivalent RSV-LP displaying two HAs (VLP/BivHA) in the hemolymph of silkworm larvae. VLP/H1 induced the hemagglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) of chicken and rabbit but not sheep, while VLP/H5 induced the hemagglutination of RBCs of chicken and sheep but not rabbit. Additionally, VLP/BivHA allowed the hemagglutination of RBCs of all three animals. Silkworm larvae can produce RSV-LPs displaying two HAs and is a promising tool to produce the bivalent enveloped VLPs for the vaccine platform.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muzajjad Gozal Goffar
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Vipin Kumar Deo
- Organization for International Collaboration Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Biological Chemistry, Department of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Masuda A, Lee JM, Miyata T, Mon H, Sato K, Oyama K, Sakurai Y, Yasuda J, Takahashi D, Ueda T, Kato Y, Nishida M, Karasaki N, Kakino K, Ebihara T, Nagasato T, Hino M, Nakashima A, Suzuki K, Tonooka Y, Tanaka M, Moriyama T, Nakatake H, Fujita R, Kusakabe T. Optimization of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein Expression in the Silkworm and Induction of Efficient Protective Immunity by Inoculation With Alum Adjuvants. Front Immunol 2022; 12:803647. [PMID: 35095889 PMCID: PMC8789674 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.803647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing a spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally. In order to end the COVID-19 pandemic, an effective vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 must be produced at low cost and disseminated worldwide. The spike (S) protein of coronaviruses plays a pivotal role in the infection to host cells. Therefore, targeting the S protein is one of the most rational approaches in developing vaccines and therapeutic agents. In this study, we optimized the expression of secreted trimerized S protein of SARS-CoV-2 using a silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system and evaluated its immunogenicity in mice. The results showed that the S protein forming the trimeric structure was the most stable when the chicken cartilage matrix protein was used as the trimeric motif and could be purified in large amounts from the serum of silkworm larvae. The purified S protein efficiently induced antigen-specific antibodies in mouse serum without adjuvant, but its ability to induce neutralizing antibodies was low. After examining several adjuvants, the use of Alum adjuvant was the most effective in inducing strong neutralizing antibody induction. We also examined the adjuvant effect of paramylon from Euglena gracilis when administered with the S protein. Our results highlight the effectiveness and suitable construct design of the S protein produced in silkworms for the subunit vaccine development against SARS-CoV-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akitsu Masuda
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Creative Science for Insect Industries, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mon
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Keita Sato
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Oyama
- Laboratory of Protein Structure, Function and Design, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Sakurai
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jiro Yasuda
- Department of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,National Research Center for the Control and Prevention of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takahashi
- Laboratory of Protein Structure, Function and Design, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ueda
- Laboratory of Protein Structure, Function and Design, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yuri Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Noriko Karasaki
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kohei Kakino
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takeru Ebihara
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takumi Nagasato
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masato Hino
- Laboratory of Sanitary Entomology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ayaka Nakashima
- The Research and Development Department, Euglena Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kengo Suzuki
- The Research and Development Department, Euglena Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshino Tonooka
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Miyu Tanaka
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takato Moriyama
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Ryosuke Fujita
- Laboratory of Sanitary Entomology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Utomo DIS, Pambudi S, Park EY. Humoral immune response induced with dengue virus-like particles serotypes 1 and 4 produced in silkworm. AMB Express 2022; 12:8. [PMID: 35102445 PMCID: PMC8802989 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-022-01353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue is an arboviral disease, which threatens almost half the global population, and has emerged as the most significant of current global public health challenges. In this study, we prepared dengue virus-like particles (DENV-LPs) consisting of Capsid-premembrane-envelope (CprME) and premembrane-envelope (prME) polypeptides from serotype 1 and 4, which were expressed in the silkworms using Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid. 1CprME, 1prME, 4CprME, and 4prME expressed proteins in hemolymph, and the molecular weight of the purified proteins was 55 kDa, respectively. The purified polypeptides formed spherical Dengue virus-like particles (DENV-LPs) with ~ 30–55 nm in diameter. The immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) images revealed antigens to the surface of a lipid bilayer of DENV-LPs. The heparin-binding assay shows a positive relationship between absorbance and E protein domain III (EDIII) quantity, which is supported by the isothermal titration calorimetry assay. This indicates a moderate binding affinity between heparin and DENV-LP. The high correlation between patient sera and DENV-LP reactivities revealed that these DENV-LPs shared similar epitopes with the natural dengue virus. IgG elicitation studies in mice have demonstrated that DENV-LPs/CPrMEs elicit a stronger immune response than DENV-LP/prMEs, which lends credence to this claim. Dengue virus-like particles for serotype 1 and serotype 4 (DENV-LPs/1 and DENV-LPs/4) were produced in silkworm. Heparin-binding assay by ELISA and ITC showed that DENV-LPs/1 and DENV-LPs/4 contain Envelope Domain III. DENV-LPs/1 and DENV-LPs/4 showed affinity to sera from human dengue patients and immunized mice.
Collapse
|
20
|
Rivera-de-Torre E, Rimbault C, Jenkins TP, Sørensen CV, Damsbo A, Saez NJ, Duhoo Y, Hackney CM, Ellgaard L, Laustsen AH. Strategies for Heterologous Expression, Synthesis, and Purification of Animal Venom Toxins. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:811905. [PMID: 35127675 PMCID: PMC8811309 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.811905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal venoms are complex mixtures containing peptides and proteins known as toxins, which are responsible for the deleterious effect of envenomations. Across the animal Kingdom, toxin diversity is enormous, and the ability to understand the biochemical mechanisms governing toxicity is not only relevant for the development of better envenomation therapies, but also for exploiting toxin bioactivities for therapeutic or biotechnological purposes. Most of toxinology research has relied on obtaining the toxins from crude venoms; however, some toxins are difficult to obtain because the venomous animal is endangered, does not thrive in captivity, produces only a small amount of venom, is difficult to milk, or only produces low amounts of the toxin of interest. Heterologous expression of toxins enables the production of sufficient amounts to unlock the biotechnological potential of these bioactive proteins. Moreover, heterologous expression ensures homogeneity, avoids cross-contamination with other venom components, and circumvents the use of crude venom. Heterologous expression is also not only restricted to natural toxins, but allows for the design of toxins with special properties or can take advantage of the increasing amount of transcriptomics and genomics data, enabling the expression of dormant toxin genes. The main challenge when producing toxins is obtaining properly folded proteins with a correct disulfide pattern that ensures the activity of the toxin of interest. This review presents the strategies that can be used to express toxins in bacteria, yeast, insect cells, or mammalian cells, as well as synthetic approaches that do not involve cells, such as cell-free biosynthesis and peptide synthesis. This is accompanied by an overview of the main advantages and drawbacks of these different systems for producing toxins, as well as a discussion of the biosafety considerations that need to be made when working with highly bioactive proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esperanza Rivera-de-Torre
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Esperanza Rivera-de-Torre, ; Andreas H. Laustsen,
| | - Charlotte Rimbault
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Timothy P. Jenkins
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Christoffer V. Sørensen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Anna Damsbo
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Natalie J. Saez
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yoan Duhoo
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Celeste Menuet Hackney
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Ellgaard
- Department of Biology, Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Andreas H. Laustsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Esperanza Rivera-de-Torre, ; Andreas H. Laustsen,
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A De Novo Optimized Cell-Free System for the Expression of Soluble and Active Human Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020157. [PMID: 35205024 PMCID: PMC8868817 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary As a result of increasing demand for the pleiotropic cytokine TNF-α, recombinant human TNF-α protein with appropriate bioactivities was produced in several heterologous in vivo expression systems. While in vivo expression of this cytokine is laborious and lengthy, cell-free or in vitro expression system has the benefits of speed, simplicity, flexibility, focus of all the system energy on target protein synthesis alone, besides high soluble and functional protein yield. Therefore, we employed and optimized an E. coli-based cell-free system for the first time to express recombinant human TNF-α. Our findings revealed that cell-free expression system can be an alternative platform for producing soluble and functionally active recombinant TNF-α with a yield of 390 µg/mL in only 2 h at a temperature of 40 °C for further research and clinical trials. Abstract Cell-free (in vitro) expression is a robust alternative platform to the cell-based (in vivo) system for recombinant protein production. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is an effective pro-inflammatory cytokine with pleiotropic effects. The aim of the current study was de novo optimized expression of soluble and active human TNF-α by an in vitro method in an E. coli-based cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system and its biological activity evaluation. The codon-optimized synthetic human TNF-α gene was constructed by a two-step PCR, cloned into pET101/D-TOPO vector and then expressed by the E. coli CFPS system. Cell-free expression of the soluble protein was optimized using a response surface methodology (RSM). The anticancer activity of purified human TNF-α was assessed against three human cancer cell lines: Caco-2, HepG-2 and MCF-7. Data from RSM revealed that the lowest value (7.2 µg/mL) of cell-free production of recombinant human TNF-α (rhTNF-α) was obtained at a certain incubation time (6 h) and incubation temperature (20 °C), while the highest value (350 µg/mL) was recorded at 4 h and 35 °C. This rhTNF-α showed a significant anticancer potency. Our findings suggest a cell-free expression system as an alternative platform for producing soluble and functionally active recombinant TNF-α for further research and clinical trials.
Collapse
|
22
|
Optimization of infection parameters improves Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus invasion efficiency. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-021-00931-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
23
|
Boonyakida J, Utomo DIS, Soma FN, Park EY. Two-step purification of tag-free norovirus-like particles from silkworm larvae (Bombyx mori). Protein Expr Purif 2021; 190:106010. [PMID: 34737040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.106010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinantly expressed VP1 of norovirus self-assembled and formed norovirus-like particles (NoV-LPs). This native VP1 was expressed using the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) expression system in silkworm larva. NoV-LPs were collected from silkworm fat body lysate by density gradient centrifugation. To improve the purity of the NoV-LP, the proteins were further purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography based on the surface exposed side chain of histidine residues. The additional purification led to a highly purified virus-like particle (VLP). The morphology and size of the purified VLPs were examined using a transmission electron microscope, and dynamic light scattering revealed a monodispersed spherical morphology with a diameter of 34 nm. The purified product had a purity of >90% with a recovery yield of 48.7% (equivalent to 930 μg) from crude lysate, obtained from seven silkworm larvae. In addition, the purified VLP could be recognized by antibodies against GII norovirus in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which indicated that the silkworm-derived VLP is biologically functional as a NoV-LP in its native state, is structurally correct, and exerts its biological function. Our results suggest that the silkworm-derived NoV-LP may be useful for subsequent applications, such as in a vaccine platform. Moreover, the silkworm-based expression system is known for its robustness, facile up-scalability, and relatively low expense compared to insect cell systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Boonyakida
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Fahmida Nasrin Soma
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Bombyx mori β-1,3-Glucan Recognition Protein 4 ( BmβGRP4) Could Inhibit the Proliferation of B. mori Nucleopolyhedrovirus through Promoting Apoptosis. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12080743. [PMID: 34442307 PMCID: PMC8396850 DOI: 10.3390/insects12080743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
β-1,3-glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs) as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) play an important role in recognizing various pathogens and trigger complicated signaling pathways in insects. In this study, we identified a Bombyx mori β-1,3-glucan recognition protein gene named BmβGRP4, which showed differential expression, from a previous transcriptome database. The full-length cDNA sequence was 1244 bp, containing an open reading frame (ORF) of 1128 bp encoding 375 amino acids. BmβGRP4 was strongly expressed in the larval stages and highly expressed in the midgut of B. mori larvae in particular. After BmNPV infection, the expression of BmβGRP4 was reduced significantly in the midgut. Furthermore, a significant increase in the copy number of BmNPV was observed after the knockdown of BmβGRP4 in 5th instar larvae, while the overexpression of BmβGRP4 suppressed the proliferation of BmNPV in BmN cells. Subsequently, the expression analysis of several apoptosis-related genes and observation of the apoptosis morphology demonstrated that overexpression of BmβGRP4 facilitated apoptosis induced by BmNPV in BmN cells. Moreover, BmβGRP4 positively regulated the phosphatase and tensin homolog gene (BmPTEN), while expression of the inhibitor of apoptosis gene (BmIAP) was negatively regulated by BmβGRP4. Hence, we hypothesize that BmNPV infection might suppress BmPTEN and facilitate BmIAP to inhibit cell apoptosis by downregulating the expression of BmβGRP4 to escape host antiviral defense. Taken together, these results show that BmβGRP4 may play a role in B. mori response to BmNPV infection and lay a foundation for studying its functions.
Collapse
|
25
|
Stable trimer formation of spike protein from porcine epidemic diarrhea virus improves the efficiency of secretory production in silkworms and induces neutralizing antibodies in mice. Vet Res 2021; 52:102. [PMID: 34233749 PMCID: PMC8261802 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-021-00971-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly infectious pathogen of watery diarrhea that causes serious economic loss to the swine industry worldwide. Especially because of the high mortality rate in neonatal piglets, a vaccine with less production cost and high protective effect against PEDV is desired. The intrinsically assembled homotrimer of spike (S) protein on the PEDV viral membrane contributing to the host cell entry is a target of vaccine development. In this study, we designed trimerized PEDV S protein for efficient production in the silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system (silkworm-BEVS) and evaluated its immunogenicity in the mouse. The genetic fusion of the trimeric motif improved the expression of S protein in silkworm-BEVS. A small-scale screening of silkworm strains to further improve the S protein productivity finally achieved the yield of about 2 mg from the 10 mL larval serum. Mouse immunization study demonstrated that the trimerized S protein could elicit strong humoral immunity, including the S protein-specific IgG in the serum. These sera contained neutralizing antibodies that can protect Vero cells from PEDV infection. These results demonstrated that silkworm-BEVS provides a platform for the production of trimeric S proteins, which are promising subunit vaccines against coronaviruses such as PEDV.
Collapse
|
26
|
Active Human and Murine Tumor Necrosis Factor α Cytokines Produced from Silkworm Baculovirus Expression System. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12060517. [PMID: 34199525 PMCID: PMC8230043 DOI: 10.3390/insects12060517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) has been employed as a promising reagent in treating autoimmunity and cancer diseases. To meet the substantial requirement of TNFα proteins, we report in this study that mature types of recombinant human and murine TNFα proteins are successfully expressed in the baculovirus expression system using silkworm larvae as hosts. The biological activities of purified products were verified in culture murine L929 cells, showing better performance over a commercial Escherichia coli-derived murine TNFα. By comparing the activity of purified TNFα with or without the tag removal, it is also concluded that the overall activity of purified TNFα cytokines could be further improved by the complete removal of C-terminal fusion tags. Collectively, our current attempt demonstrates an alternative platform for supplying high-quality TNFα products with excellent activities for further pharmaceutical and clinical trials.
Collapse
|
27
|
Comparison of Chicken Immune Responses after Inoculation with H5 Avian Influenza Virus-like Particles Produced by Insect Cells or Pupae. J Vet Res 2021; 65:139-145. [PMID: 34250297 PMCID: PMC8256473 DOI: 10.2478/jvetres-2021-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Novel clade 2.3.4.4 H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) outbreaks have occurred since early 2015 in Taiwan and impacted the island economically, like they have many countries. This research investigates the immunogenicity of two HPAIV-like particles to assess their promise as vaccine candidates. Material and Methods The haemagglutinin (HA) gene derived from clade 2.3.4.4 H5 HPAIV and matrix protein 1 (M1) gene were cloned into the pFastBac Dual baculovirus vector. The resulting recombinant viruses were expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda moth (Sf)21 cells and silkworm pupae to generate Sf21 virus-like particles (VLP) and silkworm pupa VLP. Two-week-old specific pathogen–free chickens were immunised and their humoral and cellular immune responses were analysed. Results The silkworm pupa VLP had higher haemagglutination competence. Both VLP types elicited haemagglutination inhibition antibodies, anti-HA antibodies, splenic interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) mRNA expression, and CD4+/CD8+ ratio elevation. However, chickens receiving silkworm pupa VLP exhibited a significantly higher anti-HA antibody titre in ELISA after vaccination. Although Sf21 VLP recipients expressed more IFN-γ and IL-4, the increase in IFN-γ did not significantly raise the CD4+/CD8+ ratio and the increase in IL-4 did not promote anti-HA antibodies. Conclusion Both VLP systems possess desirable immunogenicity in vivo. However, in respect of immunogenic efficacy and the production cost, pupa VLP may be the superior vaccine candidate against clade 2.3.4.4 H5 HPAIV infection.
Collapse
|
28
|
Seib FP. Emerging Silk Material Trends: Repurposing, Phase Separation and Solution-Based Designs. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:1160. [PMID: 33804578 PMCID: PMC7957590 DOI: 10.3390/ma14051160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Silk continues to amaze. This review unravels the most recent progress in silk science, spanning from fundamental insights to medical silks. Key advances in silk flow are examined, with specific reference to the role of metal ions in switching silk from a storage to a spinning state. Orthogonal thermoplastic silk molding is described, as is the transfer of silk flow principles for the triggering of flow-induced crystallization in other non-silk polymers. Other exciting new developments include silk-inspired liquid-liquid phase separation for non-canonical fiber formation and the creation of "silk organelles" in live cells. This review closes by examining the role of silk fabrics in fashioning facemasks in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Philipp Seib
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Minkner R, Xu J, Takemura K, Boonyakida J, Wätzig H, Park EY. Ni-modified magnetic nanoparticles for affinity purification of His-tagged proteins from the complex matrix of the silkworm fat body. J Nanobiotechnology 2020; 18:159. [PMID: 33158450 PMCID: PMC7648358 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-020-00715-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purification of recombinant proteins is often a challenging matter because high purity and high recovery are desired. If the expressed recombinant protein is also in a complex matrix, such as from the silkworm expression system, purification becomes more challenging. Even if purification from the silkworm expression system is troublesome, it benefits from a high capacity for the production of recombinant proteins. In this study, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were investigated as a suitable tool for the purification of proteins from the complex matrix of the silkworm fat body. The MNPs were modified with nickel so that they have an affinity for His-tagged proteins, as the MNP purification protocol itself does not need special equipment except for a magnet. Among the three different kinds of investigated MNPs, MNPs with sizes of 100 nm to 200 nm and approximately 20 nm-thick nickel shells were the most suitable for our purpose. With them, the total protein amount was reduced by up to at least approximately 77.7%, with a protein recovery of around 50.8% from the silkworm fat body. The minimum binding capacity was estimated to be 83.3 µg protein/mg MNP. Therefore, these MNPs are a promising tool as a purification pretreatment of complex sample matrices.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Minkner
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.,Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.,Institute of Biology and Information Science, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Kenshin Takemura
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Jirayu Boonyakida
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Hermann Wätzig
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, TU Braunschweig, Beethovenstr. 55, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan. .,Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Yagi H, Yanaka S, Yogo R, Ikeda A, Onitsuka M, Yamazaki T, Kato T, Park EY, Yokoyama J, Kato K. Silkworm Pupae Function as Efficient Producers of Recombinant Glycoproteins with Stable-Isotope Labeling. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111482. [PMID: 33114581 PMCID: PMC7692867 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Baculovirus-infected silkworms are promising bioreactors for producing recombinant glycoproteins, including antibodies. Previously, we developed a method for isotope labeling of glycoproteins for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) studies using silkworm larvae reared on an artificial diet containing 15N-labeled yeast crude protein extract. Here, we further develop this method by introducing a technique for the expression of isotope-labeled glycoproteins by silkworm pupae, which has several potential advantages relative to larvae-based techniques in terms of production yield, ease of handling, and storage. Here, we fed fifth instar larvae an artificial diet with an optimized composition containing [methyl-13C]methionine, leading to pupation. Nine-day-old pupae were then injected with recombinant Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid for expression of recombinant human immunoglobulin G (IgG). From the whole-body homogenates of pupae, 0.35 mg/pupa of IgG was harvested, which is a yield that is five times higher than can be obtained from larvae. Recombinant IgG, thus prepared, exhibited mainly three kinds of pauci-mannose-type oligosaccharides and had a 13C-enrichment ratio of approximately 80%. This enabled selective observation of NMR signals originating from the methionyl methyl group of IgG, confirming its conformational integrity. These data demonstrate the utility of silkworm pupae as factories for producing recombinant glycoproteins with amino-acid-selective isotope labeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Yagi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.)
| | - Saeko Yanaka
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.)
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS) and Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Rina Yogo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.)
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS) and Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Akari Ikeda
- Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation, SI Innovation Center, 2008-2 Wada, Tama, Tokyo 206-0001, Japan; (A.I.); (J.Y.)
| | - Masayoshi Onitsuka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Minamijosanjima-cho 2-1, Tokushima 770-8513, Japan;
| | - Toshio Yamazaki
- SPring-8 Center RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama City, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan;
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; (T.K.); (E.Y.P.)
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan; (T.K.); (E.Y.P.)
| | - Jun Yokoyama
- Taiyo Nippon Sanso Corporation, SI Innovation Center, 2008-2 Wada, Tama, Tokyo 206-0001, Japan; (A.I.); (J.Y.)
| | - Koichi Kato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; (H.Y.); (S.Y.); (R.Y.)
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS) and Institute for Molecular Science (IMS), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji-cho, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-564-59-5225
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gupta S, Alrabaiah H, Christophe M, Rahimi-Gorji M, Nadeem S, Bit A. Evaluation of silk-based bioink during pre and post 3D bioprinting: A review. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 109:279-293. [PMID: 32865306 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
During past few decades, the demand for the replacement of damaged organs is increasing consistently. This is due to the advancement in tissue engineering, which opens the possibility of regeneration of damaged organs or tissues into functional parts with the help of 3D bioprinting. Bioprinting technology presents an excellent potential to develop complex structures with precise control over cell suspension and structure. A brief description of different types of 3D bioprinting techniques, including inkjet-based, laser-based, and extrusion-based bioprinting is presented here. Due to innate advantageous features like tunable biodegradability, biocompatibility, elasticity and mechanical robustness, silk has carved a niche in the realm of tissue engineering. In this review article, the focus is to highlight the possible approach of exploring silk as bioink for fabrication of bioprinted implants using 3D bioprinting. This review discusses different type of degumming, dissolution techniques for extraction of proteins from different sources of silk. Different recently reported 3D bioprinting techniques suitable for silk-based bioink are further elaborated. Postprinting characterization of resultant scaffolds are also describe here. However, there is an astounding progress in 3D bioprinting technology, still there is a need to develop further the current bioprinting technology to make it suitable for generation of heterogeneous tissue construct. The possibility of utilizing the adhesive property of sericin to consider it as bioink is elaborated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharda Gupta
- Biomedical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| | - Hussam Alrabaiah
- College of Engineering, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Mathematics, College of Sciences, Tafila Technical University, At-Tafilah, Jordan
| | - Marquette Christophe
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, Université de Lyon, Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | | | - Sohail Nadeem
- Mathematics and its Applications in Life Sciences Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Arindam Bit
- Biomedical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Utomo DIS, Pambudi S, Sjatha F, Kato T, Park EY. Production of dengue virus-like particles serotype-3 in silkworm larvae and their ability to elicit a humoral immune response in mice. AMB Express 2020; 10:147. [PMID: 32804287 PMCID: PMC7431508 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To develop monovalent dengue virus-like particle for serotype 3 (DENV-LP/3), we prepared and expressed two structural polyprotein constructs using silkworm and Bm5 cells: DENV-3 Capsid-premembrane-envelope (DENV-3CprME) and premembrane-envelope (DENV-3prME). The expressed PA-tagged 3CprME and 3prME polypeptides were partially purified by PA-tag affinity chromatography and had molecular weights of 85 and 75 kDa, respectively. Expressed proteins were separately verified using the following primary antibodies: the anti-PA tag antibody, DENV premembrane polyclonal antibody, and DENV envelope polyclonal antibody. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that these DENV-3CprME and 3prME formed rough, spherical DENV-LPs (DENV-LP/3CprME and DENV-LP/3prME), respectively, with a diameter of 30–55 nm. The heparin-binding assay demonstrated that these DENV-LPs contained the envelope protein domain III on their surfaces. Both DENV-LPs showed an affinity to sera from human dengue patients and immunized mice. Immunization of mice with DENV-LP/3prME significantly induced the level of antibodies compared with DENV-LP/3CprME. These results indicate that DENV-LP/3prME is suitable as a vaccine candidate compared with DENV-LP/3CprME.
Collapse
|
33
|
Kato T, Machida Y, Takemura K, Xu J, Park EY. Preparation of divalent antigen-displaying enveloped virus-like particles using a single recombinant Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus bacmid in silkworms. J Biotechnol 2020; 323:92-97. [PMID: 32771428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 06/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Silkworms have been used as a host for the production of recombinant proteins in a baculovirus expression system using Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV). To coexpress several recombinant proteins, a silkworm must be coinfected with several recombinant BmNPVs, which requires a difficult DNA manipulation procedure. In this study, we constructed recombinant BmNPVs containing three expression cassettes, Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein, surface antigen 1 of Neospora caninum (NcSAG1) and SAG1-related sequence 2 of N. caninum (NcSRS2), by Gibson assembly and the Bac-to-Bac system, designated BmNPV/SAG-SRS-Gag and BmNPV/SAG-Gag-SRS. BmNPV/SAG-SRS-Gag was expressed in silkworms and characterized. NcSAG1 and NcSRS2 were purified with RSV Gag proteins using sucrose density gradient centrifugation and affinity chromatography. RSV Gag formed virus-like particles (RSV-LPs) at a diameter of 20-30 nm based on transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Immuno-TEM analysis showed that both NcSAG1 and NcSRS2 were displayed on the surface of the RSV-LPs. These results indicate that RSV-LPs displaying two different kinds of proteins were produced in the hemolymph of silkworm larvae by the single polycistronic strategy. This expression platform is efficient for generating multiantigen-displaying VLPs and facilitates the development of vaccines against infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yuki Machida
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kenshin Takemura
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan; Institute of Biology and Information Science, Biomedical Synthetic Biology Research Center, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, PR China
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan; Laboratory of Biotechnology, Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, Ohya 836, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Analysis of Mitochondrial Membrane Fusion GTPase OPA1 Expressed by the Silkworm Expression System. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32529367 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0676-6_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are highly dynamic organelles, which move and fuse to regulate their shape, size, and fundamental function. The dynamin-related GTPases play a critical role in mitochondrial membrane fusion. In vitro reconstitution of membrane fusion using recombinant proteins and model membranes is quite useful in elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying membrane fusion and to identify the essential elements involved in fusion. However, only a few reconstituting approaches have been reported for mitochondrial fusion machinery due to the difficulty of preparing active recombinant mitochondrial fusion GTPases. Recently, we succeeded in preparing a sufficient amount of recombinant OPA1 involved in mitochondrial inner membrane fusion using a BmNPV bacmid-silkworm expression system. In this chapter, we describe the method for the expression and purification of a membrane-anchored form of OPA1 and liposome-based in vitro reconstitution of membrane fusion.
Collapse
|
35
|
Kusaka H, Kita S, Tadokoro T, Yoshida K, Kasai Y, Niiyama H, Fujimoto Y, Hanashima S, Murata M, Sugiyama S, Ose T, Kuroki K, Maenaka K. Efficient preparation of human and mouse CD1d proteins using silkworm baculovirus expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 172:105631. [PMID: 32213313 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
CD1d is a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I-like glycoprotein and binds to glycolipid antigens that are recognized by natural killer T (NKT) cells. To date, our understanding of the structural basis for glycolipid binding and receptor recognition of CD1d is still limited. Here, we established a preparation method for the ectodomain of human and mouse CD1d using a silkworm-baculovirus expression system. The co-expression of human and mouse CD1d and β2-microglobulin (β2m) in the silkworm-baculovirus system was successful, but the yield of human CD1d was low. A construct of human CD1d fused with β2m via a flexible GS linker as a single polypeptide was prepared to improve protein yield. The production of this single-chained complex was higher (50 μg/larva) than that of the co-expression complex. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry revealed that the linker made the CD1d complex more stable and homogenous. These results suggest that the silkworm-baculovirus expression system is useful for structural and biophysical studies of CD1d in several aspects including low cost, easy handling, biohazard-free, rapid, and high yielding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kusaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Takashi Tadokoro
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kouki Yoshida
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Kasai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Harumi Niiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yukari Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Shinya Hanashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Michio Murata
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sugiyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka, 560-0043, Japan; Faculty of Science & Technology, Kochi University, Kochi, 780-8520, Japan
| | - Toyoyuki Ose
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan; Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Kimiko Kuroki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan
| | - Katsumi Maenaka
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan; Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0810, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
A systematic and methodical approach for the efficient purification of recombinant protein from silkworm larval hemolymph. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1138:121964. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.121964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
37
|
Chang CY, Hsu WT, Tsai PS, Chen CM, Cheng IC, Chao YC, Chang HW. Oral administration of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus spike protein expressing in silkworm pupae failed to elicit immune responses in pigs. AMB Express 2020; 10:20. [PMID: 31993764 PMCID: PMC6987277 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-0952-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm (Bombyx mori) and its pupae have been used for decades as nutritional additives and applied on the production of high-quality recombinant proteins via the baculovirus expression vector (BEV) system. The bio-capsule, the fat-rich body, and some body components of the silkworm pupae, which deliver antigens passing through the harsh environment of digestive tract and reaching the intestine, have been used as a vehicle for oral vaccines. In the present study, to develop a novel oral vaccine against porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), the PEDV spike (S) protein was expressed in silkworm pupae and BmN cells using the BEV system. After three doses of oral administrations with 2-week intervals in pigs, neither PEDV S protein-specific humoral nor mucosal immune responses can be detected. The failure of eliciting the PEDV-specific immune response suggested that the BEV system using BmN cells or silkworm pupae as oral immunogen-expression vehicles was not able to overcome the immunological unresponsiveness, which was possibly due to gastrointestinal specific barriers and oral tolerance. Better strategies to enhance the delivery and immunogenicity of oral vaccines should be further investigated. Nevertheless, the PEDV S protein generated in the BmN cells and silkworm pupae herein provides an efficient tool to produce the recombinant antigen for future applications.
Collapse
|
38
|
Whole-genome sequencing and comparative transcriptome analysis of Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus La strain. Virus Genes 2020; 56:249-259. [PMID: 31912283 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-019-01727-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) La is a variant BmNPV strain isolated in Laos. La has different features from BmNPV type strain T3 in virulence, production of the polyhedrin protein, and the formation of multicapsid occlusion-derived viruses. Here, the whole-genome sequence of La was compared to the sequences of nine BmNPV and two Bombyx mandarina nucleopolyhedrovirus strains. The complete La genome consisted of 127,618 base pairs with a G + C content of 40.3% and contained putative 136 open reading frames encoding more than 60 amino acids. The La genome lacked the bro-b gene and had the highest identity with that of the T3 strain. A comparison of the transcriptomes of La- and T3-infected cells showed that the expression levels of the polyhedrin and cathepsin genes were greater in cells infected with La as compared to those infected with T3. Interestingly, the virus genes with different RNA levels between the two BmNPV strains were assembled into five clusters in the genome of La. Also, the RNA levels of host ribosomal protein genes were significantly decreased in cells infected with La as compared to those infected with T3.
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu X, Yang X, Mehboob A, Hu X, Yi Y, Li Y, Zhang Z. A construction strategy for a baculovirus-silkworm multigene expression system and its application for coexpression of type I and type II interferons. Microbiologyopen 2019; 9:e979. [PMID: 31854114 PMCID: PMC7066456 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) baculovirus expression system (BES) is a eukaryotic expression system. It possesses great capability for post‐translation modification in expression of foreign proteins. With the counterselection cassette rpsL‐neo and phage λ‐Red recombinase, the defective‐rescue BmNPV BES reBmBac can be employed for efficient heterologous multigene coexpression at different gene sites in one baculovirus genome. In the present study, a recombinant baculovirus, reBm‐Cαγ, carrying two types of chicken interferon (IFN) genes (chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ) was constructed using the reBmBac system. The chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ genes were inserted into the same baculovirus genome at the polyhedron and p10 gene sites, respectively. The recombinant baculovirus was capable of coexpressing both chIFN‐α and chIFN‐γ. The expression levels of the two types of IFN in the coexpression product were exponentially high, at approximately 1.7 and 2.5 times higher, respectively, than those in the corresponding single‐expression products. The increase in expression level corresponds to replacement of the nonessential p10 gene in the reBm‐Cαγ recombinant baculovirus. This coexpression of recombinant chicken IFNs showed superior antiviral activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjian Liu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Yang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Arslan Mehboob
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Hu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongzhu Yi
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yinü Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Masuda A, Lee JM, Miyata T, Sato T, Hayashi S, Hino M, Morokuma D, Karasaki N, Mon H, Kusakabe T. Purification and characterization of immunogenic recombinant virus-like particles of porcine circovirus type 2 expressed in silkworm pupae. J Gen Virol 2019; 99:917-926. [PMID: 29851377 DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.001087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is a primary causative agent of postweaningmultisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), which has a significant economic impact on the swine industry. The capsid protein (Cap) encoded by ORF2 of the viral genome has been used effectively as a vaccine against PCV2 infection. The Cap protein can spontaneously assemble into virus-like particles (VLPs) that are safe and highly immunogenic for vaccine applications. Several expression systems, including bacteria, yeast and insect cells, have been utilized to produce PCV2 VLPs. However, in some cases, the recombinant Cap (rCap) proteins produced in bacteria and yeast do not assemble spontaneously. In this study, we expressed rCap protein using a silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system (silkworm-BEVS) for mass production of PCV2 VLPs and established a simple three-step protocol for its purification from pupae: extraction by detergent, ammonium sulfate precipitation and anion exchange column chromatography. Size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) analysis and transmission electron microscope (TEM) observation showed that purified rCap proteins formed VLPs with a similar morphology to that of the original virus. Furthermore, the VLPs produced in silkworms were capable of inducing neutralizing antibodies against PCV2 in mice. Our results demonstrated that the silkworm system is a powerful tool for the production of PCV2 VLPs and will be useful for the development of a reliable and cost-effective PCV2 vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akitsu Masuda
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takeshi Miyata
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Sato
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Shizuka Hayashi
- Nippon Institute for Biological Science, 9-2221-1 Shin-machi, Ome, Tokyo 198-0024, Japan
| | - Masato Hino
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Daisuke Morokuma
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Noriko Karasaki
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mon
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Expression and Purification of Vaccinia Virus DNA Topoisomerase IB Produced in the Silkworm-Baculovirus Expression System. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 61:622-630. [PMID: 31165966 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Type IB DNA topoisomerases are enzymes to change the topological state of DNA molecules and are essential in studying replication, transcription, and recombination of nucleic acids in vitro. DNA topoisomerase IB from Vaccinia virus (vTopIB) is a 32 kDa, type I eukaryotic topoisomerase, which relaxed positively and negatively supercoiled DNAs without Mg2+ and ATP. Although vTopIB has been effectively produced in E. coli expression system, no studies remain available to explore an alternative platform to express recombinant vTopIB (rvTopIB) in a higher eukaryote, where the one can expect post-translational modifications that affect the activity of rvTopIB. Here in this study, rvTopIB with N-terminal tags was constructed and expressed in a silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system (silkworm-BEVS). We developed a simple two consecutive chromatography purification to obtain highly pure rvTopIB. The final yield of rvTopIB obtained from a baculovirus-infected silkworm larva was 83.25 μg. We also evaluated the activity and function of rvTopIB by the DNA relaxation activity assays using a negatively supercoiled pUC19 plasmid DNA as a substrate. With carefully assessing optimized conditions for the reaction buffer, we found that divalent ions, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, as well as ATP stimulate the DNA relaxation activity by rvTopIB. The functional and active form of rvTopIB, together with the yields of the protein we obtained, suggests that silkworm-BEVS would be a potential alternative platform to produce eukaryotic topoisomerases on an industrial scale.
Collapse
|
42
|
Miyazaki T, Miyashita R, Nakamura S, Ikegaya M, Kato T, Park EY. Biochemical characterization and mutational analysis of silkworm Bombyx mori β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase and insight into the substrate specificity of β-1,4-galactosyltransferase family enzymes. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 115:103254. [PMID: 31655162 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2019.103254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm Bombyx mori is one of the insect hosts for recombinant protein production at academic and industrial levels. B. mori and other insect cells can produce mammalian proteins with proper posttranslational modifications, such as N-glycosylation, but the structures of N-glycans in B. mori are mainly high mannose- and paucimannose-type, while mammals also produce hybrid- and complex-type glycans. Recently, complex-type N-glycans whose structures are different from mammalian ones have been identified in some insect cell N-glycomes at very low levels compared with levels of high mannose- and paucimannose-type glycans. However, their functions and the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of insect complex-type N-glycans are not clear, and complex-type N-glycans, except for N-acetylglucosamine-terminated glycans, are still not identified in the B. mori N-glycome. Here, we focused on the β-1,4-galactosyltransferase family (also known as glycosyltransferase family 7, GT7) that contains mammalian β-1,4-galactosyltransferase and insect β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase. A gene for a GT7 protein (BmGalNAcT) from B. mori was cloned, expressed in a soluble form using a silkworm expression system, and the gene product showed strict β-1,4-N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase activity but not β-1,4-galactosyltransferase activity. A mutation in Ile298 or Ile310, which are predicted to be located in the active site, reduced its glycosyltransferase activity, suggesting that these residues and the corresponding residues are responsible for substrate specificity of GT7. These results suggested that BmGalNAcT may be involved in the complex-type N-glycans, and moreover, bioinformatics analysis revealed that B. mori might have an extra gene for a GT7 enzyme with different specificity in addition to the known insect GT7 glycosyltransferases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takatsugu Miyazaki
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Ryunosuke Miyashita
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Nakamura
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Marina Ikegaya
- Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Green Chemistry Research Division, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Department of Agriculture, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Preparation of virus-like particle mimetic nanovesicles displaying the S protein of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus using insect cells. J Biotechnol 2019; 306:177-184. [PMID: 31614169 PMCID: PMC7114102 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Virus-like particle mimetic nanovesicles were prepared using insect cells. Surfactant treatment or mechanical extrusion make it possible to display the S protein on VLPs. Mechanical extrusion is more effective way to display the S protein on VLPs. S protein on the surface of nanovesicles were confirmed by immuno-TEM. The purified S protein (SοTM) has the ability to bind a receptor of MERS-CoV.
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) first emerged in 2012, and over 2000 infections and 800 deaths have been confirmed in 27 countries. However, to date, no commercial vaccine is available. In this study, structural proteins of MERS-CoV were expressed in silkworm larvae and Bm5 cells for the development of vaccine candidates against MERS-CoV and diagnostic methods. The spike (S) protein of MERS-CoV lacking its transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains (SΔTM) was secreted into the hemolymph of silkworm larvae using a bombyxin signal peptide and purified using affinity chromatography. The purified SΔTM forms small nanoparticles as well as the full-length S protein and has the ability to bind human dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), which is a receptor of MERS-CoV. These results indicate that bioactive SΔTM was expressed in silkworm larvae. To produce MERS-CoV-like particles (MERS-CoV-LPs), the coexpression of spike proteins was performed in Bm5 cells and envelope (E) and membrane (M) proteins secreted E and M proteins extracellularly, suggesting that MERS-CoV-LPs may be formed. However, this S protein was not displayed on virus-like particles (VLPs) even though E and M proteins were secreted into the culture supernatant. By surfactant treatment and mechanical extrusion using S protein- or three structural protein-expressing Bm5 cells, S protein-displaying nanovesicles with diameters of approximately 100-200 nm were prepared and confirmed by immuno-TEM. The mechanical extrusion method is favorable for obtaining uniform recombinant protein-displaying nanovesicles from cultured cells. The purified SΔTM from silkworm larvae and S protein-displaying nanovesicles from Bm5 cells may lead to the development of nanoparticle-based vaccines against MERS-CoV and the diagnostic detection of MERS-CoV.
Collapse
|
44
|
Deo VK, Inagaki Y, Murhandarwati EH, Asmara W, Miyazaki T, Kato T, Park EY. Sero-diagnostic potential of Plasmodium falciparum recombinant merozoite surface protein (MSP)-3 expressed in silkworm. Parasitol Int 2019; 72:101938. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
45
|
Xu J, Kato T, Park EY. Development of SpyTag/SpyCatcher-Bacmid Expression Vector System (SpyBEVS) for Protein Bioconjugations Inside of Silkworms. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20174228. [PMID: 31470538 PMCID: PMC6747175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20174228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein conjugations at post-translational levels are known to be essential to protein stability and function. Recently, it has been proven that the split protein CnaB2 (SpyTag/SpyCatcher, ST/SC) from Streptococcus pyogenes can induce covalent conjugation rapidly and efficiently under various conditions. The protein of interest fused with the split protein SC/ST could be assembled spontaneously. In light of this finding, we introduced the ST/SC protein coupling concept into the silkworm-bacmid protein expression system (SpyBEVS). As a proof of concept, we first examined and confirmed that a competent ligation occurred between ST/SC-fused protein partners in vitro in cultured silkworm cells and in vivo in silkworm larvae by co-infection of several recombinant baculoviruses. The protein conjugation could be also achieved sufficiently by a simple one-step mixture of purified ST/SC-tagged peptide-protein pairs in vitro. Given the flexibility and robustness of silkworm-BEVS, our results on SpyBEVS show an alternative method for enabling the production of protein decorations in vitro and inside of silkworms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Kato
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Integrated Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Feng M, Zhang N, Xie T, Ren F, Cao Z, Zeng X, Swevers L, Zhang X, Sun J. Chichen type III interferon produced by silkworm bioreactor induces ISG expression and restricts ALV-J infection in vitro. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 103:8473-8483. [PMID: 31468087 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-019-10090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Type III interferon (IFN-λ) has recently been shown to exert a significant antiviral impact against viruses in vertebrates. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J), which causes tumor disease and immunosuppression in infected chicken, is a retrovirus that is difficult to prevent and control because of a lack of vaccines and drugs. Here, we obtained chicken IFN-λ (chIFN-λ) using a silkworm bioreactor and demonstrated that chIFN-λ has antiviral activity against ALV-J infection of both chicken embryo fibroblast cell line (DF1) and epithelial cell line (LMH). We found that chIFN-λ triggered higher levels of particular type III interferon-stimulated genes (type III ISGs) including myxovirus resistance protein (Mx), viperin (RSAD2), and interferon-inducible transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3) in DF1 and LMH cells. Furthermore, over-expression of Mx, viperin, and IFITM3 could inhibit ALV-J infection in DF1 and LMH cells. Therefore, these results suggested that the anti-ALV-J function of chIFN-λ was specifically implemented by induction of expression of type III ISGs. Our data identified chIFN-λ as a critical antiviral agent of ALV-J infection and provides a potentially and attractive platform for the production of commercial chIFN-λ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.,Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Nan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenming Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqun Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Luc Swevers
- Insect Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, 15341, Athens, Greece
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingchen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, No. 483 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou, 510642, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tsubokawa D, Lee JM, Hatta T, Mikami F, Maruyama H, Arakawa T, Kusakabe T, Tsuji N. Characterization of the RAGE-binding protein, Strongyloides venestatin, produced by the silkworm-baculovirus expression system. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 75:103964. [PMID: 31302241 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) recognizes Ca++-binding proteins, such as members of the S100 protein family released by dead or devitalized tissues, and plays an important role in inflammatory responses. We recently identified the Ca++-binding protein, venestatin, secreted from the rodent parasitic nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis. We herein characterized recombinant venestatin, which is abundantly produced by the silkworm-baculovirus expression system (silkworm-BES), particularly in its interaction with RAGE. Venestatin from silkworm-BES possessed a binding capacity with Ca++ ions and vaccine immunogenicity against S. venezuelensis larvae in mice, which is similar to venestatin produced by the E. coli expression system (EES). Venestatin from silkworm-BES had a higher affinity for human recombinant RAGE than that from EES, and their affinities were Ca++-dependent. RAGE in the mouse lung co-immunoprecipitated with venestatin from silkworm-BES administered intranasally, indicating that it bound endogenous mouse RAGE. The present results suggest that venestatin from silkworm-BES affects RAGE-mediated pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Tsubokawa
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan.
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatta
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Fusako Mikami
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Maruyama
- Division of Parasitology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara Kiyotake, Miyazaki 899-1692, Japan
| | - Takeshi Arakawa
- Laboratory of Vaccinology and Vaccine Immunology, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of the Ryukyu, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, Okinawa 903-0213, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Tsuji
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan; Department of Molecular and Cellular Parasitology, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Patmawati, Minamihata K, Tatsuke T, Lee JM, Kusakabe T, Kamiya N. Functional horseradish peroxidase-streptavidin chimeric proteins prepared using a silkworm-baculovirus expression system for diagnostic purposes. J Biotechnol 2019; 297:28-31. [PMID: 30885655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, convenient, sensitive detection methods are of the utmost importance in analytical tools. Enzyme-based signal amplification using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is commonly implemented in clinical diagnostics kits based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), by which the limit of detection is greatly improved. Herein we report the design and preparation of recombinant fusion proteins comprising HRP and streptavidin (Stav), in which HRP was fused to either the N- or C-terminus of Stav ((HRP)4-Stav or Stav-(HRP)4, respectively) using a baculovirus-silkworm expression system. Both (HRP)4-Stav and Stav-(HRP)4 were secreted in the apo form but they were easily converted to the holo form and activated by simple incubation with hemin overnight at 4 °C. The activated (HRP)4-Stav and Stav-(HRP)4 could be combined with a commercial biotinylated anti-OVA IgG antibody to detect ovalbumin (OVA) as the antigen in ELISA. The enzymatic activity of (HRP)4-Stav was twofold higher than that of Stav-(HRP)4, and the sensitivity of (HRP)4-Stav in ELISA was higher than that of a commercial HRP-Stav chemical conjugate. The successful use of (HRP)4-Stav chimeric protein as a molecular probe in ELISA shows that the baculovirus-silkworm expression system is promising to produce enzyme-Stav conjugates to substitute for those prepared by chemical methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patmawati
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Tsuneyuki Tatsuke
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8581, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ling XD, Dong WT, Zhang Y, Hu JJ, Zhang WD, Wu JT, Liu JX, Zhao XX. Baculoviral infection reduces the expression of four allergen proteins of silkworm pupa. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 100:e21539. [PMID: 30790339 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) larvae are widely used to express exogenous proteins. Moreover, some silkworm pupal proteins can be used as drug-loading materials for selfexpressed oral tolerance drugs. However, several proteins expressed in silkworm pupae cause severe allergic reactions in humans and animals. Interestingly, some baculovirus vectors have been shown to alter the host gene and its expression in insect cells, but this has not been confirmed in silkworm. Here, we analyzed the effects of infection with an empty B. mori baculovirus (BmNPV) vector on silkworm pupal protein expression. Using a proteomics approach, the allergens thiol peroxiredoxin (Jafrac1), 27-kDa glycoprotein (p27k), arginine kinase, and paramyosin as well as 32 additional differentially expressed proteins were identified. Downregulation of the messenger RNA expression of the four known allergens was observed after BmNPV infection; subsequent changes in protein expression were confirmed by the western blot analysis using polyclonal antibodies prepared with recombinant proteins of the four allergens. Collectively, these data indicate that the four known allergens of silkworm pupae can be reduced by infection ith an empty BmNPV vector to increase the safety of silkworm pupa-based exogenous protein expression and drug delivery of oral pharmaceuticals. In addition, the four recombinant allergen proteins may contribute to the diagnosis of allergic diseases of silkworm pupa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dong Ling
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wei-Tao Dong
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jun-Jie Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Wang-Dong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jin-Tang Wu
- Product R&D, Lanzhou Weitesen Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji-Xing Liu
- Product R&D, Lanzhou Weitesen Biological Technology Co. Ltd., Lanzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xu Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kinoshita Y, Xu J, Masuda A, Minamihata K, Kamiya N, Mon H, Fujita R, Kusakabe T, Lee JM. Expression and purification of biologically active human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) using silkworm-baculovirus expression vector system. Protein Expr Purif 2019; 159:69-74. [PMID: 30917920 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2019.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor. It is widely employed as a therapeutic agent targeting neutropenia in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and in patients with AIDS or after bone marrow transplantation. In this study, we constructed the recombinant baculoviruses for the expression of recombinant hGM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) with two small affinity tags (His-tag and Strep-tag) at the N or C-terminus. Compared to N-tagged rhGM-CSF, C-tagged rhGM-CSF was highly recovered from silkworm hemolymph. The purified rhGM-CSF proteins migrated as a diffuse band and were confirmed to hold N-glycosylations. A comparable activity was achieved when commercial hGM-CSF was tested as a control. Considering the high price of hGM-CSF in the market, our results and strategies using silkworm-baculovirus system can become a great reference for mass production of the active rhGM-CSF at a lower cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Kinoshita
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jian Xu
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Akitsu Masuda
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kosuke Minamihata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Noriho Kamiya
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Division of Biotechnology, Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Mon
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujita
- Laboratory of Sanitary Entomology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kusakabe
- Laboratory of Insect Genome Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Jae Man Lee
- Laboratory of Creative Science for Insect Industries, Kyushu University Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Motooka 744, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|