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Chen T, Hayes M, Liu Z, Isenegger D, Mason J, Spangenberg G. Modified fructan accumulation through overexpression of wheat fructan biosynthesis pathway fusion genes Ta1SST:Ta6SFT. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:352. [PMID: 38689209 PMCID: PMC11059666 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05049-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fructans are water-soluble carbohydrates that accumulate in wheat and are thought to contribute to a pool of stored carbon reserves used in grain filling and tolerance to abiotic stress. RESULTS In this study, transgenic wheat plants were engineered to overexpress a fusion of two fructan biosynthesis pathway genes, wheat sucrose: sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (Ta1SST) and wheat sucrose: fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (Ta6SFT), regulated by a wheat ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase small subunit (TaRbcS) gene promoter. We have shown that T4 generation transgene-homozygous single-copy events accumulated more fructan polymers in leaf, stem and grain when compared in the same tissues from transgene null lines. Under water-deficit (WD) conditions, transgenic wheat plants showed an increased accumulation of fructan polymers with a high degree of polymerisation (DP) when compared to non-transgenic plants. In wheat grain of a transgenic event, increased deposition of particular fructan polymers such as, DP4 was observed. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that the tissue-regulated expression of a gene fusion between Ta1SST and Ta6SFT resulted in modified fructan accumulation in transgenic wheat plants and was influenced by water-deficit stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Agriculture Victoria, Agribio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Matthew Hayes
- Agriculture Victoria, Agribio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhiqian Liu
- Agriculture Victoria, Agribio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | | | - John Mason
- Agriculture Victoria, Agribio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - German Spangenberg
- Agriculture Victoria, Agribio, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
- Present Address: Qingdao Agricultural University, College of Grassland Science, N0. 700 Changcheng Road, Chengyang District, Qingdao, Shandong Province, 266109, P.R. China
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2
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Nguyen TNH, Goux D, Follet-Gueye ML, Bernard S, Padel L, Vicré M, Prud'homme MP, Morvan-Bertrand A. Generation and characterization of two new monoclonal antibodies produced by immunizing mice with plant fructans: New tools for immunolocalization of β-(2 → 1) and β-(2 → 6) fructans. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 327:121682. [PMID: 38171691 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Fructans are water-soluble polymers of fructose in which fructose units are linked by β-(2 → 1) and/or β-(2 → 6) linkages. In plants, they are synthesized in the vacuole but have also been reported in the apoplastic sap under abiotic stress suggesting that they are involved in plasmalemma protection and in plant-microbial interactions. However, the lack of fructan-specific antibodies currently prevents further study of their role and the associated mechanisms of action, which could be elucidated thanks to their immunolocalization. We report the production of two monoclonal antibodies (named BTM9H2 and BTM15A6) using mice immunization with antigenic compounds prepared from a mixture of plant inulins and levans conjugated to serum albumin. Their specificity towards fructans with β-(2 → 1) and/or β-(2 → 6) linkage has been demonstrated by immuno-dot blot tests on a wide range of carbohydrates. The two mAbs were used for immunocytolocalization of fructans by epifluorescence microscopy in various plant species. Fructan epitopes were specifically detected in fructan-accumulating plants, inside cells as well as on the surface of root tips, confirming both extracellular and intracellular localizations. The two mAbs provide new tools to identify the mechanism of extracellular fructan secretion and explore the roles of fructans in stress resistance and plant-microorganism interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Hanh Nguyen
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie & nutritions NCS, Fédération de Recherche "Normandie Végétal" - FED 4277, 14032 Caen, France; Université de Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, F-76000 Rouen, France
| | - Didier Goux
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, US EMerode, CMAbio(3), 14032 Caen, France.
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Université de Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, F-76000 Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, HeRacLeS-PRIMACEN, INSERM US51, CNRS UAR2026, ComUE Normandie Université, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
| | - Sophie Bernard
- Université de Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, F-76000 Rouen, France; Normandie Univ, HeRacLeS-PRIMACEN, INSERM US51, CNRS UAR2026, ComUE Normandie Université, UFR des Sciences et Techniques, F-76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan, France.
| | | | - Maïté Vicré
- Université de Rouen Normandie, Laboratoire Glyco-MEV UR 4358, SFR Normandie Végétal FED 4277, Innovation Chimie Carnot, F-76000 Rouen, France.
| | - Marie-Pascale Prud'homme
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie & nutritions NCS, Fédération de Recherche "Normandie Végétal" - FED 4277, 14032 Caen, France.
| | - Annette Morvan-Bertrand
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INRAE, EVA Ecophysiologie Végétale, Agronomie & nutritions NCS, Fédération de Recherche "Normandie Végétal" - FED 4277, 14032 Caen, France.
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3
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Benkeblia N. Insights on Fructans and Resistance of Plants to Drought Stress. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.827758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought, one of the major abiotic stresses affecting plants, is characterized by a decrease of water availability, resulting in a decrease of the water potential (Ψ) of the cells. One of the strategies of plants in resisting to this low Ψ and related stresses is regulating their water-plant relation and the interplay between Ψsolutes and the turgor pressure (Ψp). This regulation avoids the dehydration induced by low Ψ and is resulting from the accumulation of specific molecules which induce higher tolerance to water deficit and also other mechanisms that prevent or repair cell damages. In plants, fructans, the non-structural carbohydrates (NSC), have other physiological functions than carbon reserve. Among these roles, fructans have been implicated in protecting plants against water deficit caused by drought. As an efficient strategy to survive to this abiotic stress, plants synthesize fructans in response to osmotic pressure in order to osmoregulate the cellular flux, therefore, protecting the membrane damage and maintaining Ψp. Although different studies have been conducted to elucidate the mechanisms behind this strategy, still the concept itself is not well-understood and many points remain unclear and need to be elucidated in order to understand the causal relation between water deficit and fructans accumulation during water scarcity. This understanding will be a key tool in developing strategies to enhance crop tolerance to stressful dry conditions, particularly under the changing climate prediction. This review aims to give new insights on the roles of fructans in the response and resistance of plants to water deficit and their fate under this severe environmental condition.
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Gaur A, Jindal Y, Singh V, Tiwari R, Kumar D, Kaushik D, Singh J, Narwal S, Jaiswal S, Iquebal MA, Angadi UB, Singh G, Rai A, Singh GP, Sheoran S. GWAS to Identify Novel QTNs for WSCs Accumulation in Wheat Peduncle Under Different Water Regimes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:825687. [PMID: 35310635 PMCID: PMC8928439 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.825687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Water-soluble carbohydrates (WSCs) play a vital role in water stress avoidance and buffering wheat grain yield. However, the genetic architecture of stem WSCs' accumulation is partially understood, and few candidate genes are known. This study utilizes the compressed mixed linear model-based genome wide association study (GWAS) and heuristic post GWAS analyses to identify causative quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) and candidate genes for stem WSCs' content at 15 days after anthesis under different water regimes (irrigated, rainfed, and drought). Glucose, fructose, sucrose, fructans, total non-structural carbohydrates (the sum of individual sugars), total WSCs (anthrone based) quantified in the peduncle of 301 bread wheat genotypes under multiple environments (E01-E08) pertaining different water regimes, and 14,571 SNPs from "35K Axiom Wheat Breeders" Array were used for analysis. As a result, 570 significant nucleotide trait associations were identified on all chromosomes except for 4D, of which 163 were considered stable. A total of 112 quantitative trait nucleotide regions (QNRs) were identified of which 47 were presumable novel. QNRs qWSC-3B.2 and qWSC-7A.2 were identified as the hotspots. Post GWAS integration of multiple data resources prioritized 208 putative candidate genes delimited into 64 QNRs, which can be critical in understanding the genetic architecture of stem WSCs accumulation in wheat under optimum and water-stressed environments. At least 19 stable QTNs were found associated with 24 prioritized candidate genes. Clusters of fructans metabolic genes reported in the QNRs qWSC-4A.2 and qWSC-7A.2. These genes can be utilized to bring an optimum combination of various fructans metabolic genes to improve the accumulation and remobilization of stem WSCs and water stress tolerance. These results will further strengthen wheat breeding programs targeting sustainable wheat production under limited water conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpit Gaur
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Yogesh Jindal
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Vikram Singh
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Ratan Tiwari
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Deepak Kaushik
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India
| | - Jogendra Singh
- ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Sneh Narwal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Sarika Jaiswal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Mir Asif Iquebal
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ulavapp B. Angadi
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Gyanendra Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Anil Rai
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Sonia Sheoran
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
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Liu R, Jiao T, Zhang Z, Yao Z, Li Z, Wang S, Xin H, Li Y, Wang A, Zhu J. Ectopic Expression of the Allium cepa 1-SST Gene in Cotton Improves Drought Tolerance and Yield Under Drought Stress in the Field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:783134. [PMID: 35095957 PMCID: PMC8790044 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.783134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In some plants, sucrose: sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST) is the first irreversible key enzyme in fructan biosynthesis. Studies have shown that fructan accumulation enhances abiotic stress tolerance of plants. To investigate the role of 1-SST in drought stress responses, a total of 37 cotton plants expressing a 1-SST gene from Allium cepa were developed by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Under drought stress in the field, compared with wild-type, ectopic expression of Ac1-SST in cotton resulted in significantly higher soluble sugars (especially 1-kestose), proline and relative water contents, as well as decreased malondialdehyde content, which contributed to maintaining intracellular osmoregulation and reducing membrane damage. In addition, ectopic expression of Ac1-SST in cotton significantly improved the photosynthesis rate, performance of PSII (including Pn, Fv/Fm, WUE, ΦPSII, and PItotal) and plant growth under drought stress. Furthermore, compared with the wild-type, under the droughted field, the yield loss per square meter of transgenic cotton was reduced by an average of 20.9% over two consecutive years. Our results indicate that the Ac1-SST gene can be used to improve drought tolerance and yield of cotton varieties, and might also be a promising drought-resistant gene for improving other crop varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- RuiNa Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - TianQi Jiao
- Woda Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd, Shihezi, China
| | - ZeXing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Zhang Yao
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - ZhongQing Li
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Saisai Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Hongliang Xin
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - YuXia Li
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - AiYing Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - JianBo Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
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6
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Yao FQ, Li XH, Wang H, Song YN, Li ZQ, Li XG, Gao XQ, Zhang XS, Bie XM. Down-expression of TaPIN1s Increases the Tiller Number and Grain Yield in Wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:443. [PMID: 34592922 PMCID: PMC8482684 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03217-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tiller number is a factor determining panicle number and grain yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Auxin plays an important role in the regulation of branch production. PIN-FORMED 1 (PIN1), an auxin efflux carrier, plays a role in the regulation of tiller number in rice (Oryza sativa); however, little is known on the roles of PIN1 in wheat. RESULTS Nine homologs of TaPIN1 genes were identified in wheat, of which TaPIN1-6 genes showed higher expression in the stem apex and young leaf in wheat, and the TaPIN1-6a protein was localized in the plasma membrane. The down-expression of TaPIN1s increased the tiller number in TaPIN1-RNA interference (TaPIN1-RNAi) transgenic wheat plants, indicating that auxin might mediate the axillary bud production. By contrast, the spikelet number, grain number per panicle, and the 1000-grain weight were decreased in the TaPIN1-RNAi transgenic wheat plants compared with those in the wild type. In summary, a reduction of TaPIN1s expression increased the tiller number and grain yield per plant of wheat. CONCLUSIONS Phylogenetic analysis and protein structure of nine TaPIN1 proteins were analyzed, and subcellular localization of TaPIN1-6a was located in the plasma membrane. Knock-down expression of TaPIN1 genes increased the tiller number of transgenic wheat lines. Our study suggests that TaPIN1s is required for the regulation of grain yield in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Quan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yu Ning Song
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xin-Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Min Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, China.
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7
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Engineering cereal crops for enhanced abiotic stress tolerance. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-021-00006-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Bie XM, Dong L, Li XH, Wang H, Gao XQ, Li XG. Trichostatin A and sodium butyrate promotes plant regeneration in common wheat. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2020; 15:1820681. [PMID: 32962515 PMCID: PMC7671042 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2020.1820681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Histone acetylation modification plays a vital role in plant cell division and differentiation. However, the function on wheat mature embryo culture has not been reported. Here, we used the mature embryo of wheat genotypes including CB037, Fielder, and Chinese Spring (CS) as materials to analyze the effects of different concentrations of trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate (SB) on plant regeneration efficiency. The results showed that, compared with the control group, the induction rates of embryogenic callus and green shoot were significantly increased with the addition of 0.5 µM TSA, while they were reduced under treatment of 2.5 µM TSA on wheat mature embryo. With the respective addition of 200 µM and 1000 µM SB, regeneration frequency of three genotypes was enhanced, especially in Fielder, which reached significant difference compared with the control group. Unfortunately, 0.5 µM TSA and 200 µM SB combination had no apparent effect on wheat regeneration frequency. The results indicated that TSA and SB increase plant regeneration in common wheat. In addition, TSA had a common effect and SB had different effect among genotypes on wheat regeneration frequency. The mechanism of action needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Min Bie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
- CONTACT Xiao Min Bie
| | - Luhao Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
| | - He Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
| | - Xi-Qi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
| | - Xing Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong, China
- Xing Guo Li State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai′an, Shandong271018, China
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9
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Witzel K, Matros A. Fructans Are Differentially Distributed in Root Tissues of Asparagus. Cells 2020; 9:E1943. [PMID: 32842694 PMCID: PMC7565981 DOI: 10.3390/cells9091943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inulin- and neoseries-type fructans [fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and fructopolysaccharides] accumulate in storage roots of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.), which continue to grow throughout the lifespan of this perennial plant. However, little is known about the storage of fructans at the spatial level in planta, and the degree of control by the plant is largely uncertain. We have utilized mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to resolve FOS distribution patterns in asparagus roots (inner, middle, and outer tissues). Fructan and proteome profiling were further applied to validate the differential abundance of various fructan structures and to correlate observed tissue-specific metabolite patterns with the abundance of related fructan biosynthesis enzymes. Our data revealed an increased abundance of FOS with higher degree of polymerization (DP > 5) and of fructopolysaccharides (DP11 to DP17) towards the inner root tissues. Three isoforms of fructan:fructan 6G-fructosyltransferase (6G-FFT), forming 6G-kestose with a β (2-6) linkage using sucrose as receptor and 1-kestose as donor, were similarly detected in all three root tissues. In contrast, one ß-fructofuranosidase, which likely exhibits fructan:fructan 1-fructosyltransferase (1-FFT) activity, showed very high abundance in the inner tissues and lower levels in the outer tissues. We concluded a tight induction of the biosynthesis of fructans with DP > 5, following a gradient from the outer root cortex to the inner vascular tissues, which also correlates with high levels of sucrose metabolism in inner tissues, observed in our study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Witzel
- Leibniz Institute of Vegetable and Ornamental Crops, Großbeeren, 14979 Brandenburg, Germany;
| | - Andrea Matros
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, Food and Wine, School of Agriculture, University of Adelaide, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
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10
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Sun J, Bie XM, Wang N, Zhang XS, Gao XQ. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of YTH domain-containing RNA-binding protein family in common wheat. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:351. [PMID: 32713350 PMCID: PMC7384225 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02505-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) is the most widespread RNA modification that plays roles in the regulation of genes and genome stability. YT521-B homology (YTH) domain-containing RNA-binding proteins are important RNA binding proteins that affect the fate of m6A-containing RNA by binding m6A. Little is known about the YTH genes in common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important crops for humans. RESULTS A total of 39 TaYTH genes were identified in common wheat, which are comprised of 13 homologous triads, and could be mapped in 18 out of the 21 chromosomes. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that the TaYTHs could be divided into two groups: YTHDF (TaDF) and YTHDC (TaDC). The TaYTHs in the same group share similar motif distributions and domain organizations, which indicates functional similarity between the closely related TaYTHs. The TaDF proteins share only one domain, which is the YTH domain. In contrast, the TaDCs possess three C3H1-type zinc finger repeats at their N-termini in addition to their central YTH domain. In TaDFs, the predicated aromatic cage pocket that binds the methylysine residue of m6A is composed of tryptophan, tryptophan, and tryptophan (WWW). In contrast, the aromatic cage pocket in the TaDCs is composed of tryptophan, tryptophan, and tyrosine (WWY). In addition to the general aspartic acid or asparagine residue used to form a hydrogen bond with N1 of m6A, histidine might be utilized in some TaDFb proteins. An analysis of the expression using both online RNA-Seq data and quantitative real-time PCR verification revealed that the TaDFa and TaDFb genes are highly expressed in various tissues/organs compared with that of TaDFcs and TaDCs. In addition, the expression of the TaYTH genes is changed in response to various abiotic stresses. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we identified 39 TaYTH genes from common wheat. The phylogenetic structure, chromosome distribution, and patterns of expression of these genes and their protein structures were analyzed. Our results provide a foundation for the functional analysis of TaYTHs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xiao Min Bie
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Ning Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xian Sheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China
| | - Xin-Qi Gao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, China.
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11
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Sun X, Zong Y, Yang S, Wang L, Gao J, Wang Y, Liu B, Zhang H. A fructan: the fructan 1-fructosyl-transferase gene from Helianthus tuberosus increased the PEG-simulated drought stress tolerance of tobacco. Hereditas 2020; 157:14. [PMID: 32312318 PMCID: PMC7171796 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-020-00131-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) is a fructan-accumulating plant, and an industrial source of raw material for fructan production, but the crucial enzymes involved in fructan biosynthesis remain poorly understood in this plant. RESULTS In this study, a fructan: fructan 1-fructosyl-transferase (1-FFT) gene, Ht1-FFT, was isolated from Jerusalem artichoke. The coding sequence of Ht1-FFT was 2025 bp in length, encoding 641 amino acids. Ht1-FFT had the type domain of the 1-FFT protein family, to which it belonged, according to phylogenetic tree analysis, which implied that Ht1-FFT had the function of catalyzing the formation and extension of beta-(2,1)-linked fructans. Overexpression of Ht1-FFT in the leaves of transgenic tobacco increased fructan concentration. Moreover, the soluble sugar and proline concentrations increased, and the malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was reduced in the transgenic lines. The changes in these parameters were associated with increased stress tolerance exhibited by the transgenic tobacco plants. A PEG-simulated drought stress experiment confirmed that the transgenic lines exhibited increased PEG-simulated drought stress tolerance. CONCLUSIONS The 1-FFT gene from Helianthus tuberosus was a functional fructan: fructan 1-fructosyl-transferase and played a positive role in PEG-simulated drought stress tolerance. This transgene could be used to increase fructan concentration and PEG-simulated drought stress tolerance in plants by genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Xining, 810016, China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Yuan Zong
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810001, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shipeng Yang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Xining, 810016, China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Xining, 810016, China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Jieming Gao
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Xining, 810016, China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Xining, 810016, China
- Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Baolong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China.
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810001, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Huaigang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China.
- Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Xining, 810001, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Raw plant-based biorefinery: A new paradigm shift towards biotechnological approach to sustainable manufacturing of HMF. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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13
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Li M, He X, Hao D, Wu J, Zhao J, Yang Q, Chen X. 6-SFT, a Protein from Leymus mollis, Positively Regulates Salinity Tolerance and Enhances Fructan Levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E2691. [PMID: 31159261 PMCID: PMC6600527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructans play vital roles in abiotic stress tolerance in plants. In this study, we isolated the sucrose:6-fructosyltransferase gene, which is involved in the synthesis of fructans, from Leymus mollis by rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The Lm-6-SFT gene was introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana cv. Columbia by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic plants were evaluated under salt stress conditions. The results showed that the expression of Lm-6-SFT was significantly induced by light, abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and salt treatment in L. mollis plants. Overexpression of Lm-6-SFT in Arabidopsis promoted seed germination and primary root growth during the early vegetative growth stage under salt stress. We also found that the transgenic plants expressing Lm-6-SFT had increased proline and fructan levels. β-Glucuronidase staining and promoter analysis indicated that the promoter of Lm-6-SFT was regulated by light, ABA, and salt stress. Quantitative PCR suggested that overexpression of Lm-6-SFT could improve salt tolerance by interacting with the expression of some salt stress tolerance genes. Thus, we demonstrated that the Lm-6-SFT gene is a candidate gene that potentially confers salt stress tolerance to plants. Our study will aid the elucidation of the regulatory mechanism of 6-SFT genes in herb plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Li
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xiaolan He
- College of Environment and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, GuiZhou, China.
| | - Dongdong Hao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Jixin Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qunhui Yang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Xinhong Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Plant Breeding, China.
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Kırtel O, Versluys M, Van den Ende W, Toksoy Öner E. Fructans of the saline world. Biotechnol Adv 2018; 36:1524-1539. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Structural Modifications of Fructans in Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe Vera) Grown under Water Stress. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159819. [PMID: 27454873 PMCID: PMC4959688 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) has a Crassulaceae acid metabolism which grants the plant great tolerance to water restrictions. Carbohydrates such as acemannans and fructans are among the molecules responsible for tolerating water deficit in other plant species. Nevertheless, fructans, which are prebiotic compounds, have not been described nor studied in Aloe vera, whose leaf gel is known to possess beneficial pharmaceutical, nutritional and cosmetic properties. As Aloe vera is frequently cultivated in semi-arid conditions, like those found in northern Chile, we investigated the effect of water deficit on fructan composition and structure. For this, plants were subjected to different irrigation regimes of 100%, 75%, 50% and 25% field capacity (FC). There was a significant increase in the total sugars, soluble sugars and oligo and polyfructans in plants subjected to water deficit, compared to the control condition (100% FC) in both leaf tips and bases. The amounts of fructans were also greater in the bases compared to the leaf tips in all water treatments. Fructans also increase in degree of polymerization with increasing water deficit. Glycosidic linkage analyses by GC-MS, led to the conclusion that there are structural differences between the fructans present in the leaves of control plants with respect to plants irrigated with 50% and 25% FC. Therefore, in non-stressed plants, the inulin, neo-inulin and neo-levan type of fructans predominate, while in the most stressful conditions for the plant, Aloe vera also synthesizes fructans with a more branched structure, the neofructans. To our knowledge, the synthesis and the protective role of neo-fructans under extreme water deficit has not been previously reported.
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Sharbatkhari M, Shobbar ZS, Galeshi S, Nakhoda B. Wheat stem reserves and salinity tolerance: molecular dissection of fructan biosynthesis and remobilization to grains. PLANTA 2016; 244:191-202. [PMID: 27016249 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-016-2497-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Fructan accumulation and remobilization to grains under salinity can decrease dependency of the wheat tolerant cultivar on current photosynthesis and protect it from severe yield loss under salt stress. Tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses can be enhanced by accumulation of soluble sugars, such as fructan. The current research sheds light on the role of stem fructan remobilization on yield of bread wheat under salt stress conditions. Fructan accumulation and remobilization as well as relative expression of the major genes of fructan metabolism were investigated in the penultimate internodes of 'Bam' as the salt-tolerant and 'Ghods' as the salt-sensitive wheat cultivars under salt-stressed and controlled conditions and their correlations were analyzed. More fructan production and higher efficiency of fructan remobilization was detected in Bam cultivar under salinity. Up-regulation of sucrose: sucrose 1-fructosyltransferase (1-SST) and sucrose: fructan 6-fructosyltransferase (6-SFT) (fructan biosynthesis genes) at anthesis and up-regulation of fructan exohydrolase (1-FEH) and vacuolar invertase (IVR) genes (contributed to fructan metabolism) during grain filling stage and higher expression of sucrose transporter gene (SUT1) in Bam was in accordance with its induced fructan accumulation and remobilization under salt stress. A significant correlation was observed between weight density, WSCs and gene expression changes under salt stress. Based on the these results, increased fructan production and induced stem reserves remobilization under salinity can decrease dependency of the wheat tolerant cultivar on current photosynthesis and protect it from severe yield loss under salt stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahrokh Sharbatkhari
- Molecular Physiology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), AREEO, 3135933151, Karaj, Iran
- Department of Crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Zahra-Sadat Shobbar
- Molecular Physiology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), AREEO, 3135933151, Karaj, Iran.
| | - Serrolah Galeshi
- Department of Crop Production, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Babak Nakhoda
- Molecular Physiology Department, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), AREEO, 3135933151, Karaj, Iran
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17
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He Z, Liu B, Wang X, Bian M, He R, Yan J, Zhong M, Zhao X, Liu X. Construction and Validation of a Dual-Transgene Vector System for Stable Transformation in Plants. J Genet Genomics 2016; 43:199-207. [PMID: 27157807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we constructed dual-transgene vectors (pDT1, pDT7, and pDT7G) that simultaneously co-expressed two genes in plants. ACTIN2 and UBQ10 promoters were used to control the expression of these two genes. The 4×Myc, 3×HA, and 3×Flag reporter genes allowed for the convenient identification of a tunable co-expression system in plants, whereas the dexamethasone (Dex) inducible reporter gene C-terminus of the glucocorticoid receptor (cGR) provided Dex-dependent translocation of the fusion gene between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The function of pDT vectors was validated using four pairwise genes in Nicotiana benthamiana or Arabidopsis thaliana. The co-expression efficiency of two genes from the pDT1 and pDT7G vectors was 35% and 42%, respectively, which ensured the generation of sufficient transgenic materials. These pDT vectors are simple, reliable, efficient, and time-saving tools for the co-expression of two genes through a single transformation event and can be used in the study of protein-protein interactions or multi-component complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Molecular, Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Mingdi Bian
- College of Plant Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Reqing He
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jindong Yan
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Xuanming Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China; State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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Martínez-Noël GMA, Dosio GAA, Puebla AF, Insani EM, Tognetti JA. Sunflower: a potential fructan-bearing crop? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:798. [PMID: 26528295 PMCID: PMC4600902 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Grain filling in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) mainly depends on actual photosynthesis, being the contribution of stored reserves in stems (sucrose, hexoses, and starch) rather low. Drought periods during grain filling often reduce yield. Increasing the capacity of stem to store reserves could help to increase grain filling and yield stability in dry years. Fructans improve water uptake in soils at low water potential, and allow the storage of large amount of assimilates per unit tissue volume that can be readily remobilized to grains. Sunflower is a close relative to Jerusalem artichoke (H. tuberosus L.), which accumulates large amounts of fructan (inulin) in tubers and true stems. The reason why sunflower does not accumulate fructans is obscure. Through a bioinformatics analysis of a sunflower transcriptome database, we found sequences that are homologous to dicotyledon and monocotyledon fructan synthesis genes. A HPLC analysis of stem sugar composition revealed the presence of low amounts of 1-kestose, while a drastic enhancement of endogenous sucrose levels by capitulum removal did not promote 1-kestose accumulation. This suggests that the regulation of fructan synthesis in this species may differ from the currently best known model, mainly derived from research on Poaceae, where sucrose acts as both a signaling molecule and substrate, in the induction of fructan synthesis. Thus, sunflower might potentially constitute a fructan-bearing species, which could result in an improvement of its performance as a grain crop. However, a large effort is needed to elucidate how this up to now unsuspected potential could be effectively expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giselle M. A. Martínez-Noël
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Biotecnología-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y TécnicasMar del Plata, Argentina
| | - Guillermo A. A. Dosio
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataBalcarce, Argentina
| | - Andrea F. Puebla
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-CNIA-INTAHurlingham, Argentina
| | - Ester M. Insani
- Instituto de Biotecnología, CICVyA-CNIA-INTAHurlingham, Argentina
| | - Jorge A. Tognetti
- Laboratorio de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Mar del PlataBalcarce, Argentina
- Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas de la Provincia de Buenos AiresLa Plata, Argentina
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He X, Chen Z, Wang J, Li W, Zhao J, Wu J, Wang Z, Chen X. A sucrose:fructan-6-fructosyltransferase (6-SFT) gene from Psathyrostachys huashanica confers abiotic stress tolerance in tobacco. Gene 2015; 570:239-47. [PMID: 26072162 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Revised: 06/06/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Fructans are accessible carbohydrate reserves in various plant species, which possess many physiological functions including anti-oxidation, stabilizing subcellular structures, and osmotic adjustment. In addition, fructans may play important roles in stress tolerance in plant species. In this study, we isolated a Psathyrostachys huashanica (2n=2x=14, NsNs) sucrose:fructan-6-fructosyltransferase (Ph-6-SFT) using homologous cloning and genomic walking. Sequencing and gene structure analysis showed that Ph-6-SFT contains four exons and three introns, with a transcript of 2207 bp. Sequence analysis indicated that the coding sequence of Ph-6-SFT is 1851 bp long and it encodes 616 amino acids, where the structure shares high similarity with 6-SFTs from other plants. Furthermore, Ph-6-SFT was transferred into tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cv. W38 via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. Compared with the wild-type plants, the transgenic tobacco plants exhibited a much higher tolerance of drought, cold, and high salinity. In all conditions, physiological studies showed that the tolerance of transgenic plants was associated with the accumulation of carbohydrate and proline, but reductions in malondialdehyde. Our results suggest that the 6-SFT gene from P. huashanica enhanced stress tolerance in tobacco plants and it may be applied as a genetic tool for improving stress tolerance in other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolan He
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Plant Breeding, China
| | - Zhenzhen Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- College of Environment and Life Science, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, GuiZhou, China
| | - Wenxu Li
- Institute for Wheat Research, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
| | - Jixin Zhao
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jun Wu
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhonghua Wang
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhong Chen
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Plant Breeding, China.
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20
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van Arkel J, Sévenier R, Hakkert J, Bouwmeester H, Koops A, van der Meer I. Fructan Biosynthesis Regulation and the Production of Tailor-Made Fructan in Plants. POLYSACCHARIDES 2014. [DOI: 10.1201/b17121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
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Tamura KI, Sanada Y, Tase K, Kawakami A, Yoshida M, Yamada T. Comparative study of transgenic Brachypodium distachyon expressing sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases from wheat and timothy grass with different enzymatic properties. PLANTA 2014; 239:783-792. [PMID: 24385092 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2016-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Fructans can act as cryoprotectants and contribute to freezing tolerance in plant species, such as in members of the grass subfamily Pooideae that includes Triticeae species and forage grasses. To elucidate the relationship of freezing tolerance, carbohydrate composition and degree of polymerization (DP) of fructans, we generated transgenic plants in the model grass species Brachypodium distachyon that expressed cDNAs for sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferases (6-SFTs) with different enzymatic properties: one cDNA encoded PpFT1 from timothy grass (Phleum pratense), an enzyme that produces high-DP levans; a second cDNA encoded wft1 from wheat (Triticum aestivum), an enzyme that produces low-DP levans. Transgenic lines expressing PpFT1 and wft1 showed retarded growth; this effect was particularly notable in the PpFT1 transgenic lines. When grown at 22 °C, both types of transgenic line showed little or no accumulation of fructans. However, after a cold treatment, wft1 transgenic plants accumulated fructans with DP = 3-40, whereas PpFT1 transgenic plants accumulated fructans with higher DPs (20 to the separation limit). The different compositions of the accumulated fructans in the two types of transgenic line were correlated with the differences in the enzymatic properties of the overexpressed 6-SFTs. Transgenic lines expressing PpFT1 accumulated greater amounts of mono- and disaccharides than wild type and wft1 expressing lines. Examination of leaf blades showed that after cold acclimation, PpFT1 overexpression increased tolerance to freezing; by contrast, the freezing tolerance of the wft1 expressing lines was the same as that of wild type plants. These results provide new insights into the relationship of the composition of water-soluble carbohydrates and the DP of fructans to freezing tolerance in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-Ichi Tamura
- NARO Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center, 1 Hitsujigaoka, Toyohira, Sapporo, 062-8555, Japan,
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Lian L, Wang X, Zhu Y, He W, Cai Q, Xie H, Zhang M, Zhang J. Physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of indica Hang2 expressing the sugarcane PEPC gene. Mol Biol Rep 2014; 41:2189-97. [PMID: 24469712 PMCID: PMC3968443 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-014-3070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) is known to play a key role in the initial fixation of CO2 in C4 photosynthesis. The PEPC gene from sugarcane (a C4 plant) was introduced into indica rice (Hang2), a process mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Integration patterns and copy numbers of the gene was confirmed by DNA blot analysis. RT-PCR and western blotting results showed that the PEPC gene was expressed at both the mRNA and protein levels in the transgenic lines. Real-time PCR results indicated that expression of the sugarcane PEPC gene occurred mostly in green tissues and changed under high temperature and drought stress. All transgenic lines showed higher PEPC enzyme activities compared to the untransformed controls, with the highest activity (11.1 times higher than the controls) being observed in the transgenic line, T34. The transgenic lines also exhibited higher photosynthetic rates. The highest photosynthetic rate was observed in the transgenic line, T54 (22.3 μmol m−2 s−1; 24.6 % higher than that in non-transgenic plants) under high-temperature conditions. Furthermore, the filled grain and total grain numbers for transgenic lines were higher than those for non-transgenic plants, but the grain filling (%) and 1,000-grain weights of all transgenic lines remained unchanged. We concluded that over-expression of the PEPC gene from sugarcane in indica rice (Hang2) resulted in higher PEPC enzyme activities and higher photosynthesis rates under high-temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lian
- Rice Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, 350018, People's Republic of China
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den Ende WV. Multifunctional fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:247. [PMID: 23882273 PMCID: PMC3713406 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are the two most important classes of water-soluble carbohydrates in plants. Recent progress is summarized on their metabolism (and regulation) and on their functions in plants and in food (prebiotics, antioxidants). Interest has shifted from the classic inulin-type fructans to more complex fructans. Similarly, alternative RFOs were discovered next to the classic RFOs. Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of structure-function relationships among different kinds of plant fructan metabolizing enzymes. This helps to understand their evolution from (invertase) ancestors, and the evolution and role of so-called "defective invertases." Both fructans and RFOs can act as reserve carbohydrates, membrane stabilizers and stress tolerance mediators. Fructan metabolism can also play a role in osmoregulation (e.g., flower opening) and source-sink relationships. Here, two novel emerging roles are highlighted. First, fructans and RFOs may contribute to overall cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis by specific ROS scavenging processes in the vicinity of organellar membranes (e.g., vacuole, chloroplasts). Second, it is hypothesized that small fructans and RFOs act as phloem-mobile signaling compounds under stress. It is speculated that such underlying antioxidant and oligosaccharide signaling mechanisms contribute to disease prevention in plants as well as in animals and in humans.
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Van den Ende W. Multifunctional fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013. [PMID: 23882273 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.201300247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Fructans and raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs) are the two most important classes of water-soluble carbohydrates in plants. Recent progress is summarized on their metabolism (and regulation) and on their functions in plants and in food (prebiotics, antioxidants). Interest has shifted from the classic inulin-type fructans to more complex fructans. Similarly, alternative RFOs were discovered next to the classic RFOs. Considerable progress has been made in the understanding of structure-function relationships among different kinds of plant fructan metabolizing enzymes. This helps to understand their evolution from (invertase) ancestors, and the evolution and role of so-called "defective invertases." Both fructans and RFOs can act as reserve carbohydrates, membrane stabilizers and stress tolerance mediators. Fructan metabolism can also play a role in osmoregulation (e.g., flower opening) and source-sink relationships. Here, two novel emerging roles are highlighted. First, fructans and RFOs may contribute to overall cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis by specific ROS scavenging processes in the vicinity of organellar membranes (e.g., vacuole, chloroplasts). Second, it is hypothesized that small fructans and RFOs act as phloem-mobile signaling compounds under stress. It is speculated that such underlying antioxidant and oligosaccharide signaling mechanisms contribute to disease prevention in plants as well as in animals and in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Van den Ende
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant Biology, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
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