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Patan SSVK, Vallepu S, Shaik KB, Shaik N, Adi Reddy NRY, Terry RG, Sergeant K, Hausman JF. Drought resistance strategies in minor millets: a review. PLANTA 2024; 260:29. [PMID: 38879859 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04427-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The review discusses growth and drought-response mechanisms in minor millets under three themes: drought escape, drought avoidance and drought tolerance. Drought is one of the most prominent abiotic stresses impacting plant growth, performance, and productivity. In the context of climate change, the prevalence and severity of drought is expected to increase in many agricultural regions worldwide. Millets (coarse grains) are a group of small-seeded grasses cultivated in arid and semi-arid regions throughout the world and are an important source of food and feed for humans and livestock. Although minor millets, i.e., foxtail millet, finger millet, proso millet, barnyard millet, kodo millet and little millet are generally hardier and more drought-resistant than cereals and major millets (sorghum and pearl millet), understanding their responses, processes and strategies in response to drought is more limited. Here, we review drought resistance strategies in minor millets under three themes: drought escape (e.g., short crop cycle, short vegetative period, developmental plasticity and remobilization of assimilates), drought avoidance (e.g., root traits for better water absorption and leaf traits to control water loss), and drought tolerance (e.g., osmotic adjustment, maintenance of photosynthetic ability and antioxidant potential). Data from 'omics' studies are summarized to provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms important in drought tolerance. In addition, the final section highlights knowledge gaps and challenges to improving minor millets. This review is intended to enhance major cereals and millet per se in light of climate-related increases in aridity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suneetha Vallepu
- Department of Botany, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 516005, India
| | - Khader Basha Shaik
- Department of Botany, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 516005, India
| | - Naseem Shaik
- Department of Botany, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh, 516005, India
| | | | | | - Kjell Sergeant
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, (LIST), Avenue Des Hauts Fourneaux 5, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Jean François Hausman
- Environmental Research and Innovation Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, (LIST), Avenue Des Hauts Fourneaux 5, Esch-Sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
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Yang Y, Li A, Liu Y, Shu J, Wang J, Guo Y, Li Q, Wang J, Zhou A, Wu C, Wu J. ZmASR1 negatively regulates drought stress tolerance in maize. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108684. [PMID: 38710113 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins in plants play a significant role in plant response to diverse abiotic stresses. However, the functions of ASR genes in maize remain unclear. In the present study, we identified a novel drought-induced ASR gene in maize (ZmASR1) and functionally characterized its role in mediating drought tolerance. The transcription of ZmASR1 was upregulated under drought stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment, and the ZmASR1 protein was observed to exhibit nuclear and cytoplasmic localization. Moreover, ZmASR1 knockout lines generated with the CRISPR-Cas9 system showed lower ROS accumulation, higher ABA content, and a higher degree of stomatal closure than wild-type plants, leading to higher drought tolerance. Transcriptome sequencing data indicated that the significantly differentially expressed genes in the drought treatment group were mainly enriched in ABA signal transduction, antioxidant defense, and photosynthetic pathway. Taken together, the findings suggest that ZmASR1 negatively regulates drought tolerance and represents a candidate gene for genetic manipulation of drought resistance in maize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Aiqi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yuqing Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jianguo Shu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jiarong Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Yuxin Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Quanzhi Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Ao Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Chengyun Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China
| | - Jiandong Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui, 230036, China.
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Liu H, Ding Q, Cao L, Huang Z, Wang Z, Zhang M, Jian S. Identification of the Abscisic Acid-, Stress-, and Ripening-Induced ( ASR) Family Involved in the Adaptation of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze to Saline-Alkaline and Drought Habitats. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15815. [PMID: 37958798 PMCID: PMC10650104 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kuntze (Aizoaceae, 2n = 2x = 32), a vegetable used for both food and medicine, is a halophyte that is widely distributed in the coastal areas of the tropics and subtropics. Saline-alkaline soils and drought stress are two major abiotic stressors that significantly affect the distribution of tropical coastal plants. Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins belong to a family of plant-specific, small, and hydrophilic proteins with important roles in plant development, growth, and abiotic stress responses. Here, we characterized the ASR gene family from T. tetragonoides, which contained 13 paralogous genes, and divided TtASRs into two subfamilies based on the phylogenetic tree. The TtASR genes were located on two chromosomes, and segmental duplication events were illustrated as the main duplication method. Additionally, the expression levels of TtASRs were induced by multiple abiotic stressors, indicating that this gene family could participate widely in the response to stress. Furthermore, several TtASR genes were cloned and functionally identified using a yeast expression system. Our results indicate that TtASRs play important roles in T. tetragonoides' responses to saline-alkaline soils and drought stress. These findings not only increase our understanding of the role ASRs play in mediating halophyte adaptation to extreme environments but also improve our knowledge of plant ASR protein evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qianqian Ding
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Lisha Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Zengwang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Zhengfeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou), Guangzhou 511458, China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; (H.L.); (Q.D.); (L.C.); (Z.H.); (Z.W.)
- Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Shuguang Jian
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, Center for Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Vegetation Ecosystem Restoration on Islands and Coastal Zones, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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Zhang Y, Ma H, Zhou T, Zhu Z, Zhang Y, Zhao X, Wang C. ThASR3 confers salt and osmotic stress tolerances in transgenic Tamarix and Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:586. [PMID: 36517747 PMCID: PMC9749169 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03942-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ASR (abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced) gene family plays a crucial role in responding to abiotic stresses in plants. However, the roles of ASR genes protecting plants against high salt and drought stresses remain unknown in Tamarix hispida. RESULTS In this study, a salt and drought-induced ASR gene, ThASR3, was isolated from Tamarix hispida. Transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing ThASR3 exhibited stimulating root growth and increasing fresh weight compared with wild-type (WT) plants under both salt and water deficit stresses. To further analyze the gain- and loss-of-function of ThASR3, the transgenic T. hispida plants overexpressing or RNA interference (RNAi)-silencing ThASR3 were generated using transient transformation. The overexpression of ThASR3 in Tamarix and Arabidopsis plants displayed enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capability under high salt and osmotic stress conditions, including increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the contents of proline and betaine, and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content and electrolyte leakage rates. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that ThASR3 functions as a positive regulator in Tamarix responses to salt and osmotic stresses and confers multiple abiotic stress tolerances in transgenic plants, which may have an important application value in the genetic improvement of forest tree resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of the State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Huijun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Tianchang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Zhenyu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, 26 Hexing Road, 150040, Harbin, China.
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Srivastava D, Verma G, Chawda K, Chauhan AS, Pande V, Chakrabarty D. Overexpression of Asr6, abscisic acid stress-ripening protein, enhances drought tolerance and modulates gene expression in rice (Oryza sativa L.). ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 202:105005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2022.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
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Aggarwal PR, Pramitha L, Choudhary P, Singh RK, Shukla P, Prasad M, Muthamilarasan M. Multi-omics intervention in Setaria to dissect climate-resilient traits: Progress and prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:892736. [PMID: 36119586 PMCID: PMC9470963 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.892736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Millets constitute a significant proportion of underutilized grasses and are well known for their climate resilience as well as excellent nutritional profiles. Among millets, foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and its wild relative green foxtail (S. viridis) are collectively regarded as models for studying broad-spectrum traits, including abiotic stress tolerance, C4 photosynthesis, biofuel, and nutritional traits. Since the genome sequence release, the crop has seen an exponential increase in omics studies to dissect agronomic, nutritional, biofuel, and climate-resilience traits. These studies have provided first-hand information on the structure, organization, evolution, and expression of several genes; however, knowledge of the precise roles of such genes and their products remains elusive. Several open-access databases have also been instituted to enable advanced scientific research on these important crops. In this context, the current review enumerates the contemporary trend of research on understanding the climate resilience and other essential traits in Setaria, the knowledge gap, and how the information could be translated for the crop improvement of related millets, biofuel crops, and cereals. Also, the review provides a roadmap for studying other underutilized crop species using Setaria as a model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Rani Aggarwal
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Lydia Pramitha
- School of Agriculture and Biosciences, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pooja Choudhary
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pooja Shukla
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, India
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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Zhu X, Hou Z, Xu X, Xiong Z, Chen Y, Yang L, Liu Z, Fang Z. TMT-based comparative proteomics reveals the role of acyl-CoA oxidase 4 in enhancing the drought stress tolerance in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 215:262-271. [PMID: 35671909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Drought stress has been the main abiotic factor affecting the growth, development and production of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum). To explore the response mechanisms of regulating buckwheat drought stress on the post-transcriptional and translational levels, a comparative proteomic analysis was applied to monitor the short-term proteomic variations under the drought stress in the seedling stage. From which 593 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified using the TMT-based proteomics analysis. A number of DAPs were found to be intimately correlated with the styrene degradation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and stimulus response, within which. The acyl-CoA oxidase 4 (ACX4), a key regulator in plant abiotic stress response, was selected for further elucidation. Overexpression of the FeACX4 not only conferred drought and salt tolerance in the Arabidopsis, but also significantly increased the root length and fresh weight in the overexpression lines plant relative to the wild type (WT) plant, accompanied by the elevated activities of catalase (CAT) and lowered malonaldehyde (MDA) and H2O2 contents, therefore allowing plants to better adapt to adverse environments. Our results provided information in the exploring of the molecular regulation mechanism responding to drought tolerance in common buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Zhu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Zehao Hou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China; Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xu
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zehao Xiong
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Lanfeng Yang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhixiong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengwu Fang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, Hubei, China.
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Ajeesh Krishna TP, Maharajan T, Ceasar SA. Improvement of millets in the post-genomic era. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:669-685. [PMID: 35465206 PMCID: PMC8986959 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01158-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Millets are food and nutrient security crops in the semi-arid tropics of developing countries. Crop improvement using modern tools is one of the priority areas of research in millets. The whole-genome sequence (WGS) of millets provides new insight into understanding and studying the genes, genome organization and genomic-assisted improvement of millets. The WGS of millets helps to carry out genome-wide comparison and co-linearity studies among millets and other cereal crops. This approach might lead to the identification of genes underlying biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in millets. The available genome sequence of millets can be used for SNP identification, allele discovery, association and linkage mapping, identification of valuable candidate genes, and marker-assisted breeding (MAB) programs. Next generation sequencing (NGS) technology provides opportunities for genome-assisted breeding (GAB) through genomic selection (GS) and genome-wide association studies (GAWS) for crop improvement. Clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) genome editing (GE) system provides new opportunities for millet improvement. In this review, we discuss the details on the WGS available for millets and highlight the importance of utilizing such resources in the post-genomic era for millet improvement. We also draw inroads on the utilization of various approaches such as GS, GWAS, functional genomics, gene validation and GE for millet improvement. This review might be helpful for understanding the developments in the post-genomic era of millet improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Ajeesh Krishna
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, 683104 Kochi, Kerala India
| | - T Maharajan
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, 683104 Kochi, Kerala India
| | - S Antony Ceasar
- Department of Biosciences, Rajagiri College of Social Sciences, 683104 Kochi, Kerala India
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Yacoubi I, Gadaleta A, Mathlouthi N, Hamdi K, Giancaspro A. Abscisic Acid-Stress-Ripening Genes Involved in Plant Response to High Salinity and Water Deficit in Durum and Common Wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:789701. [PMID: 35283900 PMCID: PMC8905601 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.789701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
In the dry and hot Mediterranean regions wheat is greatly susceptible to several abiotic stresses such as extreme temperatures, drought, and salinity, causing plant growth to decrease together with severe yield and quality losses. Thus, the identification of gene sequences involved in plant adaptation to such stresses is crucial for the optimization of molecular tools aimed at genetic selection and development of stress-tolerant varieties. Abscisic acid, stress, ripening-induced (ASR) genes act in the protection mechanism against high salinity and water deficit in several plant species. In a previous study, we isolated for the first time the TtASR1 gene from the 4A chromosome of durum wheat in a salt-tolerant Tunisian landrace and assessed its involvement in plant response to some developmental and environmental signals in several organs. In this work, we focused attention on ASR genes located on the homoeologous chromosome group 4 and used for the first time a Real-Time approach to "in planta" to evaluate the role of such genes in modulating wheat adaptation to salinity and drought. Gene expression modulation was evaluated under the influence of different variables - kind of stress, ploidy level, susceptibility, plant tissue, time post-stress application, gene chromosome location. ASR response to abiotic stresses was found only slightly affected by ploidy level or chromosomal location, as durum and common wheat exhibited a similar gene expression profile in response to salt increase and water deficiency. On the contrary, gene activity was more influenced by other variables such as plant tissue (expression levels were higher in roots than in leaves), kind of stress [NaCl was more affecting than polyethylene glycol (PEG)], and genotype (transcripts accumulated differentially in susceptible or tolerant genotypes). Based on such experimental evidence, we confirmed Abscisic acid, stress, ripening-induced genes involvement in plant response to high salinity and drought and suggested the quantification of gene expression variation after long salt exposure (72 h) as a reliable parameter to discriminate between salt-tolerant and salt-susceptible genotypes in both Triticum aestivum and Triticum durum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Yacoubi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Amélioration des Plantes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Agata Gadaleta
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DiSAAT), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Nourhen Mathlouthi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Amélioration des Plantes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Karama Hamdi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Amélioration des Plantes, Centre de Biotechnologie de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Angelica Giancaspro
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences (DiSAAT), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Zhao B, Yi X, Qiao X, Tang Y, Xu Z, Liu S, Zhang S. Genome-Wide Identification and Comparative Analysis of the ASR Gene Family in the Rosaceae and Expression Analysis of PbrASRs During Fruit Development. Front Genet 2022; 12:792250. [PMID: 35003225 PMCID: PMC8727533 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.792250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The members of the Abscisic Acid (ABA) Stress and Ripening gene family (ASR) encode a class of plant-specific proteins with ABA/WDS domains that play important roles in fruit ripening, abiotic stress tolerance and biotic stress resistance in plants. The ASR gene family has been widely investigated in the monocotyledons and dicotyledons. Although the genome sequence is already available for eight fruit species of the Rosaceae, there is far less information about the evolutionary characteristics and the function of the ASR genes in the Rosaceae than in other plant families. Twenty-seven ASR genes were identified from species in the Rosaceae and divided into four subfamilies (I, II, III, and IV) on the basis of structural characteristics and phylogenetic analysis. Purifying selection was the primary force for ASR family gene evolution in eight Rosaceae species. qPCR experiments showed that the expression pattern of PbrASR genes from Pyrus bretschneideri was organ-specific, being mainly expressed in flower, fruit, leaf, and root. During fruit development, the mRNA abundance levels of different PbrASR genes were either down- or up-regulated, and were also induced by exogenous ABA. Furthermore, subcellular localization results showed that PbrASR proteins were mainly located in the nucleus and cytoplasm. These results provide a theoretical foundation for investigation of the evolution, expression, and functions of the ASR gene family in commercial fruit species of the Rosaceae family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biying Zhao
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Xianrong Yi
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Xin Qiao
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Tang
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Zhimei Xu
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Shanting Liu
- Guangxi Academy of Specialty Crops, Guilin, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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11
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Dominguez PG, Conti G, Duffy T, Insani M, Alseekh S, Asurmendi S, Fernie AR, Carrari F. Multiomics analyses reveal the roles of the ASR1 transcription factor in tomato fruits. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:6490-6509. [PMID: 34100923 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The transcription factor ASR1 (ABA, STRESS, RIPENING 1) plays multiple roles in plant responses to abiotic stresses as well as being involved in the regulation of central metabolism in several plant species. However, despite the high expression of ASR1 in tomato fruits, large scale analyses to uncover its function in fruits are still lacking. In order to study its function in the context of fruit ripening, we performed a multiomics analysis of ASR1-antisense transgenic tomato fruits at the transcriptome and metabolome levels. Our results indicate that ASR1 is involved in several pathways implicated in the fruit ripening process, including cell wall, amino acid, and carotenoid metabolism, as well as abiotic stress pathways. Moreover, we found that ASR1-antisense fruits are more susceptible to the infection by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea. Given that ASR1 could be regulated by fruit ripening regulators such as FRUITFULL1/FRUITFULL2 (FUL1/FUL2), NON-RIPENING (NOR), and COLORLESS NON-RIPENING (CNR), we positioned it in the regulatory cascade of red ripe tomato fruits. These data extend the known range of functions of ASR1 as an important auxiliary regulator of tomato fruit ripening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Guadalupe Dominguez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Gabriela Conti
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Genética. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tomás Duffy
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Insani
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Sebastián Asurmendi
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABIMO), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Fernando Carrari
- Facultad de Agronomía. Cátedra de Genética. Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias (IFIBYNE-UBA-CONICET), Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Singh RK, Muthamilarasan M, Prasad M. Biotechnological approaches to dissect climate-resilient traits in millets and their application in crop improvement. J Biotechnol 2021; 327:64-73. [PMID: 33422569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
'Small millets' is a generic term that includes all the millets except pearl millet and sorghum. These small or minor millets constitute eleven species that are marginally cultivated and consumed worldwide. These small millets possess excellent agronomic-, climate-resilient, and nutritional traits, although they lack popularity. Small millets withstand a broad spectrum of environmental stresses and possess better water-use and nitrogen-use efficiencies. Of note, small millets are five- to seven-fold nutritionally rich in terms of protein, bioactive compounds, micro- and macro-nutrients as compared to major cereals. Irrespective of these merits, small millets have received little research attention compared to major millets and cereals. However, the knowledge generated from such studies is significant for the improvement of millets per se and for translating the information to improve major cereals through breeding and transgene-based approaches. Given this, the review enumerates the efforts invested in dissecting the climate-resilient traits in small millets and provides a roadmap for deploying the information in crop improvement of millets as well as cereals in the scenario of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mehanathan Muthamilarasan
- Department of Plant Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi 110067, India.
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Meena RP, Vishwakarma H, Ghosh G, Gaikwad K, Chellapilla TS, Singh MP, Padaria JC. Novel ASR isolated from drought stress responsive SSH library in pearl millet confers multiple abiotic stress tolerance in PgASR3 transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 156:7-19. [PMID: 32891968 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A genomic resource of drought stress responsive genes/ESTs was generated using Suppression Subtractive Hybridization (SSH) approach in a drought stress tolerant Pennisetum glaucum genotype 841B. Fifty five days old plants were subjected to drought stress after withholding water for different time intervals (10 days, 15 days, 20 days and 25 days). A forward subtractive cDNA library was prepared from isolated RNA of leaf tissue. Differential gene expression under drought stress was validated for selected nine contigs by RT-qPCR. A transcript homologous to Setaria italica ASR3 upregulated under drought stress was isolated from genotype 841B and characterized. Heterologous expression of PgASR3 was validated in Arabidopsis and confirmed under multiple abiotic stress conditions. A total of four independent transgenic lines overexpressing gene PgASR3 were analyzed by Southern blot at T1 stage. For drought stress tolerance, three independent lines (T2 stage) were analyzed by biochemical and physiological assays at seedling stage. The growth rate (shoot and root length) of transgenic seedlings improved as compared to WT seedling under differenct abiotic stress conditions. The three transgenic lines were also validated for drought stress tolerance and RT-qPCR analysis, at maturity stage. Under drought stress conditions, the mature transgenic lines showed higher levels of RWC, chlorophyll and proline but lower levels of MDA as compared to WT plants. PgASR3 gene isolated and validated in this study can be utilized for developing abiotic stress tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gourab Ghosh
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Kishor Gaikwad
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Tara Satyavathi Chellapilla
- National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India; Division of Genetics, IARI, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Madan Pal Singh
- Division of Plant Physiology, IARI Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India
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Huang J, Shen L, Yang S, Guan D, He S. CaASR1 promotes salicylic acid- but represses jasmonic acid-dependent signaling to enhance the resistance of Capsicum annuum to bacterial wilt by modulating CabZIP63. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:6538-6554. [PMID: 32720981 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
CabZIP63 acts positively in the resistance of pepper (Capsicum annuum) to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum or tolerance to high-temperature/high-humidity stress, but it is unclear how CabZIP63 achieves its functional specificity against R. solanacearum. Here, CaASR1, an abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-inducible protein of C. annuum, was functionally characterized in modulating the functional specificity of CabZIP63 during the defense response of pepper to R. solanacearum. In pepper plants inoculated with R. solanacearum, CaASR1 was up-regulated before 24 h post-inoculation but down-regulated thereafter, and was down-regulated by high-temperature/high-humidity stress. Data from gene silencing and transient overexpression experiments indicated that CaASR1 acts as a positive regulator in the immunity of pepper against R. solanacearum and a negative regulator of thermotolerance. Pull-down combined with mass spectrometry revealed that CaASR1 interacted with CabZIP63 upon R. solanacearum infection; the interaction was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays.CaASR1 silencing upon R. solanacearum inoculation repressed CabZIP63-mediated transcription from the promoters of the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent CaPR1 and CaNPR1, but derepressed transcription of CaHSP24 and the jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent CaDEF1. Our findings suggest that CaASR1 acts as a positive regulator of the defense response of pepper to R. solanacearum by interacting with CabZIP63, enabling it to promote SA-dependent but repress JA-dependent immunity and thermotolerance during the early stages of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Deyi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Shuilin He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Genetics of Universities in Fujian Province, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- National Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement and Comprehensive Utilization, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Wu M, Liu R, Gao Y, Xiong R, Shi Y, Xiang Y. PheASR2, a novel stress-responsive transcription factor from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), enhances drought tolerance in transgenic rice via increased sensitivity to abscisic acid. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 154:184-194. [PMID: 32563042 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Abscisic acid, stress and ripening (ASR) transcription factors comprise a small family of proteins that play a key role in stress responses in plants. ASR genes involved in drought tolerance in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) are largely unknown. In our study, an ASR gene, PheASR2, was isolated and characterized. The expression of PheASR2 was up-regulated under various abiotic stresses, including drought, salt and abscisic acid (ABA). PheASR2 was localized in the nucleus in tobacco cells, and displayed transactivation activity in yeast. Ectopic expression of PheASR2 in rice conferred enhanced tolerance to drought stress, as determined through physiological analyses of germination rate, plant height, water loss and survival rate. The PheASR2-overexpressing transgenic plants showed an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde levels, reduced enzyme (CAT and SOD) activities, and higher expression of genes encoding ROS-scavenging enzymes. Consequently, the transgenic plants exhibited increased tolerance to oxidative stress compared with wild-type plants. Moreover, following ABA treatment, the seed germination rate and plant height of the PheASR2-overexpressing lines were inhibited, and stomatal closure was reduced. The expression of marker genes, including, OsAREB, OsP5CS1, OsLEA, and OsNCED2, was up-regulated in the PheASR2-overexpressing lines when subjected to drought treatment. Together, these results indicate that PheASR2 functions in drought stress tolerance through ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yameng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yanan Shi
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China; National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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16
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Li H, Guan H, Zhuo Q, Wang Z, Li S, Si J, Zhang B, Feng B, Kong LA, Wang F, Wang Z, Zhang L. Genome-wide characterization of the abscisic acid-, stress- and ripening-induced (ASR) gene family in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Biol Res 2020; 53:23. [PMID: 32448297 PMCID: PMC7247183 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00291-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) genes are a class of plant specific transcription factors (TFs), which play important roles in plant development, growth and abiotic stress responses. The wheat ASRs have not been described in genome-wide yet. METHODS We predicted the transmembrane regions and subcellular localization using the TMHMM server, and Plant-mPLoc server and CELLO v2.5, respectively. Then the phylogeny tree was built by MEGA7. The exon-intron structures, conserved motifs and TFs binding sites were analyzed by GSDS, MEME program and PlantRegMap, respectively. RESULTS In wheat, 33ASR genes were identified through a genome-wide survey and classified into six groups. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the TaASR proteins in the same group tightly clustered together, compared with those from other species. Duplication analysis indicated that the TaASR gene family has expanded mainly through tandem and segmental duplication events. Similar gene structures and conserved protein motifs of TaASRs in wheat were identified in the same groups. ASR genes contained various TF binding cites associated with the stress responses in the promoter region. Gene expression was generally associated with the expected group-specific expression pattern in five tissues, including grain, leaf, root, spike and stem, indicating the broad conservation of ASR genes function during wheat evolution. The qRT-PCR analysis revealed that several ASRs were up-regulated in response to NaCl and PEG stress. CONCLUSION We identified ASR genes in wheat and found that gene duplication events are the main driving force for ASR gene evolution in wheat. The expression of wheat ASR genes was modulated in responses to multiple abiotic stresses, including drought/osmotic and salt stress. The results provided important information for further identifications of the functions of wheat ASR genes and candidate genes for high abiotic stress tolerant wheat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Haiying Guan
- Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-Huai Rivers Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, 250100 Shandong China
| | - Qicui Zhuo
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Zongshuai Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Shengdong Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Jisheng Si
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Bo Feng
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Ling-an Kong
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Fahong Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 202 Gongyebei Road, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Lishun Zhang
- Jinan Yongfeng Seed Industry Co., Ltd, 3620 Pingannan Road, Jinan, 250100 China
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Nadeem F, Ahmad Z, Ul Hassan M, Wang R, Diao X, Li X. Adaptation of Foxtail Millet ( Setaria italica L.) to Abiotic Stresses: A Special Perspective of Responses to Nitrogen and Phosphate Limitations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:187. [PMID: 32184798 PMCID: PMC7058660 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Amongst various environmental constraints, abiotic stresses are increasing the risk of food insecurity worldwide by limiting crop production and disturbing the geographical distribution of food crops. Millets are known to possess unique features of resilience to adverse environments, especially infertile soil conditions, although the underlying mechanisms are yet to be determined. The small diploid genome, short stature, excellent seed production, C4 photosynthesis, and short life cycle of foxtail millet make it a very promising model crop for studying nutrient stress responses. Known to be a drought-tolerant crop, it responds to low nitrogen and low phosphate by respective reduction and enhancement of its root system. This special response is quite different from that shown by maize and some other cereals. In contrast to having a smaller root system under low nitrogen, foxtail millet enhances biomass accumulation, facilitating root thickening, presumably for nutrient translocation. The low phosphate response of foxtail millet links to the internal nitrogen status, which tends to act as a signal regulating the expression of nitrogen transporters and hence indicates its inherent connection with nitrogen nutrition. Altogether, the low nitrogen and low phosphate responses of foxtail millet can act as a basis to further determine the underlying molecular mechanisms. Here, we will highlight the abiotic stress responses of foxtail millet with a key note on its low nitrogen and low phosphate adaptive responses in comparison to other crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal Nadeem
- MOE Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeeshan Ahmad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mahmood Ul Hassan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruifeng Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xianmin Diao
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xuexian Li,
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18
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Pérez-Díaz J, Pérez-Díaz JR, Medeiros DB, Zuther E, Hong CY, Nunes-Nesi A, Hincha DK, Ruiz-Lara S, Casaretto JA. Transcriptome analysis reveals potential roles of a barley ASR gene that confers stress tolerance in transgenic rice. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 238:29-39. [PMID: 31129469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Control of gene expression and induction of cellular protection mechanisms are two important processes that plants employ to protect themselves against abiotic stresses. ABA-, stress, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins have been identified to participate in such responses. Previous studies have proposed that these proteins can act as transcription factors and as molecular chaperones protecting transgenic plants against stresses; however a gene network regulated by ASRs has not been explored. To expand our knowledge on the function of these proteins in cereals, we present the functional characterization of a barley ASR gene. Expression of HvASR5 was almost ubiquitous in different organs and responded to ABA and to different stress treatments. When expressed ectopically, HvASR5 was able to confer drought and salt stress tolerance to Arabidopsis thaliana and to improve growth performance of rice plants under stress conditions. A transcriptomic analysis with two transgenic rice lines overexpressing HvASR5 helped to identify potential downstream targets and understand ASR-regulated cellular processes. HvASR5 up-regulated the expression of a distinct set of genes associated with stress responses, metabolic processes (particularly carbohydrate metabolism), as well as reproduction and development. These data, together with the confirmed nuclear and cytoplasmic localization of HvASR5, further support the hypothesis that HvASR5 can also carry out roles as molecular protector and transcriptional regulator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Pérez-Díaz
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | | | - David B Medeiros
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Ellen Zuther
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Chwan-Yang Hong
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Adriano Nunes-Nesi
- Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Dirk K Hincha
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Simón Ruiz-Lara
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile
| | - José A Casaretto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Wang Y, Stevanato P, Lv C, Li R, Geng G. Comparative Physiological and Proteomic Analysis of Two Sugar Beet Genotypes with Contrasting Salt Tolerance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:6056-6073. [PMID: 31070911 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major constraints affecting agricultural production and crop yield. A detailed understanding of the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of the different genotypic salt tolerance response in crops under salinity is therefore a prerequisite for enhancing this tolerance. In this study, we explored the changes in physiological and proteome profiles of salt-sensitive (S210) and salt-tolerant (T510) sugar beet cultivars in response to salt stress. T510 showed better growth status, higher antioxidant enzymes activities and proline level, less Na accumulation, and lower P levels after salt-stress treatments. With iTRAQ-based comparative proteomics method, 47 and 56 differentially expressed proteins were identified in the roots and leaves of S210, respectively. In T510, 56 and 50 proteins changed significantly in the roots and leaves of T510, respectively. These proteins were found to be involved in multiple aspects of functions such as photosynthesis, metabolism, stress and defense, protein synthesis, and signal transduction. Our proteome results indicated that sensitive and tolerant sugar beet cultivars respond differently to salt stress. The proteins that were mapped to the protein modification, amino acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, cell wall synthesis, and reactive oxygen species scavenging changed differently between the sensitive and tolerant cultivars, suggesting that these pathways may promote salt tolerance in the latter. This work leads to a better understanding of the salinity mechanism in sugar beet and provides a list of potential markers for the further engineering of salt tolerance in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Piergiorgio Stevanato
- DAFNAE, Dipartimento di Agronomia, Animali, Alimenti, Risorse Naturali e Ambiente , Università degli Studi di Padova , Viale dell'Università 16 , Legnaro, Padova 35020 , Italy
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Comprehensive Analysis of the Cadmium Tolerance of Abscisic Acid-, Stress- and Ripening-Induced Proteins (ASRs) in Maize. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010133. [PMID: 30609672 PMCID: PMC6337223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In plants, abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins have been shown to impart tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. However, their roles in metal stress tolerance are poorly understood. To screen plant Cd-tolerance genes, the yeast-based gene hunting method which aimed to screen Cd-tolerance colonies from maize leaf cDNA library hosted in yeast was carried out. Here, maize ZmASR1 was identified to be putative Cd-tolerant through this survival screening strategy. In silico analysis of the functional domain organization, phylogenetic classification and tissue-specific expression patterns revealed that maize ASR1 to ASR5 are typical ASRs with considerable expression in leaves. Further, four of them were cloned for testifying Cd tolerance using yeast complementation assay. The results indicated that they all confer Cd tolerance in Cd-sensitive yeast. Then they were transiently expressed in tobacco leaves for subcellular localization analysis and for Cd-challenged lesion assay, continuously. The results demonstrated that all 4 maize ASRs tested are localized to the cell nucleus and cytoplasm in tobacco leaves. Moreover, they were confirmed to be Cd-tolerance genes in planta through lesion analysis in Cd-infiltrated leaves transiently expressing them. Taken together, our results demonstrate that maize ASRs play important roles in Cd tolerance, and they could be used as promising candidate genes for further functional studies toward improving the Cd tolerance in plants.
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Ren T, Wang J, Zhao M, Gong X, Wang S, Wang G, Zhou C. Involvement of NAC transcription factor SiNAC1 in a positive feedback loop via ABA biosynthesis and leaf senescence in foxtail millet. PLANTA 2018; 247:53-68. [PMID: 28871431 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2770-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The foxtail millet NAC transcription factor NAC1, an ortholog of Arabidopsis NAP, is induced by ABA and senescence and accelerates leaf senescence by promoting ABA biosynthesis. Leaf senescence, a unique developmental stage involving macromolecule degradation and nutrient remobilization, is finely tuned and tightly controlled by different gene families. NO APICAL MERISTEM, ARABIDOPSIS ATAF1, and CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (NAC) transcription factors have been demonstrated to be involved in the modulation of leaf senescence in many land plant species. Foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.), an important food and fodder crop, has been studied for its strong stress tolerance and potential to be a biofuel model plant. However, the functional roles of senescence-associated NACs in foxtail millet are still unknown. In this study, we characterized a nuclear localized NAC transcription factor, SiNAC1, which is induced by senescence and concentrated in senescent leaves in foxtail millet. SiNAC1 also positively responds to abscisic acid (ABA) treatment in foxtail millet. Moreover, SiNAC1 promotes the natural and dark-induced leaf senescence by an ABA-dependent manner in Arabidopsis thaliana. NCED2 and NCED3 are elevated by SiNAC1 overexpression, which subsequently promotes ABA biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Finally, as a homolog of AtNAP, SiNAC1 can partially rescue the delayed leaf senescence phenotype in atnap mutants. Overall, our results demonstrate that SiNAC1 functions as a positive regulator of leaf senescence and is involved in a positive feedback loop via ABA biosynthesis and leaf senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ren
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Xiaoming Gong
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Shuxia Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Geng Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
| | - Chunjiang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China.
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Bandyopadhyay T, Muthamilarasan M, Prasad M. Millets for Next Generation Climate-Smart Agriculture. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1266. [PMID: 28769966 PMCID: PMC5513978 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
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Acharya BR, Roy Choudhury S, Estelle AB, Vijayakumar A, Zhu C, Hovis L, Pandey S. Optimization of Phenotyping Assays for the Model Monocot Setaria viridis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2172. [PMID: 29312412 PMCID: PMC5743732 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Setaria viridis (green foxtail) is an important model plant for the study of C4 photosynthesis in panicoid grasses, and is fast emerging as a system of choice for the study of plant development, domestication, abiotic stress responses and evolution. Basic research findings in Setaria are expected to advance research not only in this species and its close relative S. italica (foxtail millet), but also in other panicoid grasses, many of which are important food or bioenergy crops. Here we report on the standardization of multiple growth and development assays for S. viridis under controlled conditions, and in response to several phytohormones and abiotic stresses. We optimized these assays at three different stages of the plant's life: seed germination and post-germination growth using agar plate-based assays, early seedling growth and development using germination pouch-based assays, and adult plant growth and development under environmentally controlled growth chambers and greenhouses. These assays will be useful for the community to perform large scale phenotyping analyses, mutant screens, comparative physiological analysis, and functional characterization of novel genes of Setaria or other related agricultural crops. Precise description of various growth conditions, effective treatment conditions and description of the resultant phenotypes will help expand the use of S. viridis as an effective model system.
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Moustafa K, Cross JM. Genetic Approaches to Study Plant Responses to Environmental Stresses: An Overview. BIOLOGY 2016; 5:biology5020020. [PMID: 27196939 PMCID: PMC4929534 DOI: 10.3390/biology5020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The assessment of gene expression levels is an important step toward elucidating gene functions temporally and spatially. Decades ago, typical studies were focusing on a few genes individually, whereas now researchers are able to examine whole genomes at once. The upgrade of throughput levels aided the introduction of systems biology approaches whereby cell functional networks can be scrutinized in their entireties to unravel potential functional interacting components. The birth of systems biology goes hand-in-hand with huge technological advancements and enables a fairly rapid detection of all transcripts in studied biological samples. Even so, earlier technologies that were restricted to probing single genes or a subset of genes still have their place in research laboratories. The objective here is to highlight key approaches used in gene expression analysis in plant responses to environmental stresses, or, more generally, any other condition of interest. Northern blots, RNase protection assays, and qPCR are described for their targeted detection of one or a few transcripts at a once. Differential display and serial analysis of gene expression represent non-targeted methods to evaluate expression changes of a significant number of gene transcripts. Finally, microarrays and RNA-seq (next-generation sequencing) contribute to the ultimate goal of identifying and quantifying all transcripts in a cell under conditions or stages of study. Recent examples of applications as well as principles, advantages, and drawbacks of each method are contrasted. We also suggest replacing the term “Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)” with another less confusing synonym such as “RNA-seq”, “high throughput sequencing”, or “massively parallel sequencing” to avoid confusion with any future sequencing technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Moustafa
- Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris 75003, France.
| | - Joanna M Cross
- Faculty of Agriculture, Inonu University, Malatya 44000, Turkey.
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Li J, Dong Y, Li C, Pan Y, Yu J. SiASR4, the Target Gene of SiARDP from Setaria italica, Improves Abiotic Stress Adaption in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:2053. [PMID: 28127300 PMCID: PMC5227095 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.02053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Drought and other types of abiotic stresses negatively affect plant growth and crop yields. The abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins play important roles in the protection of plants against abiotic stress. However, the regulatory pathway of the gene encoding this protein remains to be elucidated. In this study, the foxtail millet (Setaria italica) ASR gene, SiASR4, was cloned and characterized. SiASR4 localized to the cell nucleus, cytoplasm and cytomembrane, and the protein contained 102 amino acids, including an ABA/WDS (abscisic acid/water-deficit stress) domain, with a molecular mass of 11.5 kDa. The abundance of SiASR4 transcripts increased after treatment with ABA, NaCl, and PEG in foxtail millet seedlings. It has been reported that the S. italica ABA-responsive DRE-binding protein (SiARDP) binds to a DNA sequence with a CCGAC core and that there are five dehydration-responsive element (DRE) motifs within the SiASR4 promoter. Our analyses demonstrated that the SiARDP protein could bind to the SiASR4 promoter in vitro and in vivo. The expression of SiASR4 increased in SiARDP-overexpressing plants. SiASR4-transgenic Arabidopsis and SiASR4-overexpressing foxtail millet exhibited enhanced tolerance to drought and salt stress. Furthermore, the transcription of stress-responsive and reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger-associated genes was activated in SiASR4 transgenic plants. Together, these findings show that SiASR4 functions in the adaption to drought and salt stress and is regulated by SiARDP via an ABA-dependent pathway.
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