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Yang C, Wu J, Yang L, Hu Q, Li L, Yang Y, Hu J, Pan D, Zhao Q. Altered gut microbial profile accompanied by abnormal short chain fatty acid metabolism exacerbates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease progression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:22385. [PMID: 39333290 PMCID: PMC11436816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of the gut microbiome has associated with the occurrence and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To determine the diagnostic capacity of this association, we compared fecal microbiomes across 104 participants including non-NAFLD controls and NAFLD subtypes patients that were distinguished by magnetic resonance imaging. We measured their blood biochemical parameters, 16 S rRNA-based gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Multi-omic analyses revealed that NAFLD patients exhibited specific changes in gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs as compared to non-NAFLD subjects. Four bacterial genera (Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, and Roseburia) and two fecal SCFAs profiles (acetic acid, and butyric acid) were closely related to NAFLD phenotypes and could accurately distinguish NAFLD patients from healthy non-NAFLD subjects. Twelve genera belonging to Faecalibacterium, Subdoligranulum, Haemophilus, Intestinibacter, Agathobacter, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-004, Roseburia, Butyricicoccus, Actinomycetales_unclassified, [Eubacterium]_ventriosum_group, Rothia, and Rhodococcus were effective to distinguish NAFLD subtypes. Of them, combination of five genera can distinguish effectively mild NAFLD from non-NAFLD with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.84. Seven genera distinguish moderate NAFLD with an AUC of 0.83. Eight genera distinguish severe NAFLD with an AUC of 0.90. In our study, butyric acid distinguished mild-NAFLD from non-NAFLD with AUC value of 0.83. And acetic acid distinguished moderate-NAFLD and severe-NAFLD from non-NAFLD with AUC value of 0.84 and 0.70. In summary, our study and further analysis showed that gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs maybe a method with convenient detection advantages and invasive manner that are not only a good prediction model for early warning of NAFLD occurrence, but also have a strong ability to distinguish NAFLD subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Jiale Wu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Ligang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qiaosheng Hu
- Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Li
- Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223400, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yafang Yang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Jing Hu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, No. 1800, Lihu Avenue, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, China
| | - Da Pan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, 223400, Jiangsu, China
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Khumalo S, Duma Z, Bekker L, Nkoana K, Pheeha SM. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: The Significant Impact of Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Their Quantification. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1636. [PMID: 39125512 PMCID: PMC11311635 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14151636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major threat to the public's health, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) by the gut microbiota has been reported to have the potential to reduce the prevalence of T2DM, particularly in LMICs where the disease is becoming more common. Dietary fibers are the primary source of SCFAs; they can be categorized as soluble (such as pectin and inulin) or insoluble (such as resistant starches). Increased consumption of processed carbohydrates, in conjunction with insufficient consumption of dietary fiber, has been identified as a significant risk factor for type 2 diabetes (T2DM). However, there are still controversies over the therapeutic advantages of SCFAs on human glucose homeostasis, due to a lack of studies in this area. Hence, a few questions need to be addressed to gain a better understanding of the beneficial link between SCFAs and glucose metabolism. These include the following: What are the biochemistry and biosynthesis of SCFAs? What role do SCFAs play in the pathology of T2DM? What is the most cost-effective strategy that can be employed by LMICs with limited laboratory resources to enhance their understanding of the beneficial function of SCFAs in patients with T2DM? To address the aforementioned questions, this paper aims to review the existing literature on the protective roles that SCFAs have in patients with T2DM. This paper further discusses possible cost-effective and accurate strategies to quantify SCFAs, which may be recommended for implementation by LMICs as preventive measures to lower the risk of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scelo Khumalo
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa Zone 1, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa; (Z.D.); (L.B.); (K.N.)
| | - Zamathombeni Duma
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa Zone 1, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa; (Z.D.); (L.B.); (K.N.)
| | - Lizette Bekker
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa Zone 1, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa; (Z.D.); (L.B.); (K.N.)
| | - Koketso Nkoana
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Molotlegi Street, Ga-Rankuwa Zone 1, Ga-Rankuwa 0208, South Africa; (Z.D.); (L.B.); (K.N.)
- National Health Laboratory Service, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Sara Mosima Pheeha
- National Health Laboratory Service, Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town 7500, South Africa
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Deng B, Liu Y, Chen Y, He P, Ma J, Tan Z, Zhang J, Dong W. Exploring the butyrate metabolism-related shared genes in metabolic associated steatohepatitis and ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15949. [PMID: 38987612 PMCID: PMC11237055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66574-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) and ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibit a complex interconnection with immune dysfunction, dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, and activation of inflammatory pathways. This study aims to identify and validate critical butyrate metabolism-related shared genes between both UC and MASH. Clinical information and gene expression profiles were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Shared butyrate metabolism-related differentially expressed genes (sBM-DEGs) between UC and MASH were identified via various bioinformatics methods. Functional enrichment analysis was performed, and UC patients were categorized into subtypes using the consensus clustering algorithm based on sBM-DEGs. Key genes within sBM-DEGs were screened through Random Forest, Support Vector Machines-Recursive Feature Elimination, and Light Gradient Boosting. The diagnostic efficacy of these genes was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis on independent datasets. Additionally, the expression levels of characteristic genes were validated across multiple independent datasets and human specimens. Forty-nine shared DEGs between UC and MASH were identified, with enrichment analysis highlighting significant involvement in immune, inflammatory, and metabolic pathways. The intersection of butyrate metabolism-related genes with these DEGs produced 10 sBM-DEGs. These genes facilitated the identification of molecular subtypes of UC patients using an unsupervised clustering approach. ANXA5, CD44, and SLC16A1 were pinpointed as hub genes through machine learning algorithms and feature importance rankings. ROC analysis confirmed their diagnostic efficacy in UC and MASH across various datasets. Additionally, the expression levels of these three hub genes showed significant correlations with immune cells. These findings were validated across independent datasets and human specimens, corroborating the bioinformatics analysis results. Integrated bioinformatics identified three significant biomarkers, ANXA5, CD44, and SLC16A1, as DEGs linked to butyrate metabolism. These findings offer new insights into the role of butyrate metabolism in the pathogenesis of UC and MASH, suggesting its potential as a valuable diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beiying Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Department of Geriatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pengzhan He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
- Central Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Geriatric, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongbiao Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jixiang Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiguo Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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Satthawiwat N, Jinato T, Sutheeworapong S, Tanpowpong N, Chuaypen N, Tangkijvanich P. Distinct Gut Microbial Signature and Host Genetic Variants in Association with Liver Fibrosis Severity in Patients with MASLD. Nutrients 2024; 16:1800. [PMID: 38931155 PMCID: PMC11206871 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota might affect the severity and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to characterize gut dysbiosis and clinical parameters regarding fibrosis stages assessed by magnetic resonance elastography. This study included 156 patients with MASLD, stratified into no/mild fibrosis (F0-F1) and moderate/severe fibrosis (F2-F4). Fecal specimens were sequenced targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene and analyzed using bioinformatics. The genotyping of PNPLA3, TM6SF2, and HSD17B13 was assessed by allelic discrimination assays. Our data showed that gut microbial profiles between groups significantly differed in beta-diversity but not in alpha-diversity indices. Enriched Fusobacterium and Escherichia_Shigella, and depleted Lachnospira were found in the F2-F4 group versus the F0-F1 group. Compared to F0-F1, the F2-F4 group had elevated plasma surrogate markers of gut epithelial permeability and bacterial translocation. The bacterial genera, PNPLA3 polymorphisms, old age, and diabetes were independently associated with advanced fibrosis in multivariable analyses. Using the Random Forest classifier, the gut microbial signature of three genera could differentiate the groups with high diagnostic accuracy (AUC of 0.93). These results indicated that the imbalance of enriched pathogenic genera and decreased beneficial bacteria, in association with several clinical and genetic factors, were potential contributors to the pathogenesis and progression of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantawat Satthawiwat
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
- Doctor of Philosophy Program in Medical Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Thananya Jinato
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Sawannee Sutheeworapong
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Research Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10150, Thailand;
| | - Natthaporn Tanpowpong
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand;
| | - Natthaya Chuaypen
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
| | - Pisit Tangkijvanich
- Center of Excellence in Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand; (N.S.); (T.J.); (N.C.)
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5
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Petakh P, Duve K, Oksenych V, Behzadi P, Kamyshnyi O. Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic possibilities of short-chain fatty acids in posttraumatic stress disorder patients: a mini-review. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1394953. [PMID: 38887367 PMCID: PMC11182003 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1394953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This mini-review explores the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Highlighting the microbiota-gut-brain axis, this study investigated the bidirectional communication between the gut microbiome and mental health. SCFAs, byproducts of gut microbial fermentation, have been examined for their potential impact on PTSD, with a focus on molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. This review discusses changes in SCFA levels and bacterial profiles in individuals with PTSD, emphasizing the need for further research. Promising outcomes from clinical trials using probiotics and fermented formulations suggest potential avenues for PTSD management. Future directions involve establishing comprehensive human cohorts, integrating multiomics data, and employing advanced computational methods, with the goal of deepening our understanding of the role of SCFAs in PTSD and exploring microbiota-targeted interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlo Petakh
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Khrystyna Duve
- Department of Neurology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Valentyn Oksenych
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Oleksandr Kamyshnyi
- Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
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Tang X, Chen X, Ferrari M, Walvoort MTC, de Vos P. Gut Epithelial Barrier Function is Impacted by Hyperglycemia and Secondary Bile Acids in Vitro: Possible Rescuing Effects of Specific Pectins. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300910. [PMID: 38794856 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Gut epithelial barrier disruption is commonly observed in Western diseases like diabetes and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Enhanced epithelial permeability triggers inflammatory responses and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Reduced bacterial diversity in IBD affects gut microbiota metabolism, altering microbial products such as secondary bile acids (BAs), which potentially play a role in gut barrier regulation and immunity. Dietary fibers such as pectin may substitute effects of these BAs. The study examines transepithelial electrical resistance of gut epithelial T84 cells and the gene expression of tight junctions after exposure to (un)sulfated secondary BAs. This is compared to the impact of the dietary fiber pectin with different degrees of methylation (DM) and blockiness (DB), with disruption induced by calcium ionophore A23187 under both normal and hyperglycemic conditions. Unsulfated lithocholic acid (LCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) show a stronger rescuing effect, particularly evident under 20 mM glucose levels. DM19 with high DB (HB) and DM43HB pectin exhibit rescuing effects under both glucose conditions. Notably, DM19HB and DM43HB display higher rescue effects under 20 mM glucose compared to 5 mM glucose. The study demonstrates that specific pectins such as DM19HB and DM43HB may serve as alternatives for preventing barrier disruption in the case of disturbed DCA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Tang
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Xiaochen Chen
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michela Ferrari
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Marthe T C Walvoort
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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De Caro C, Spagnuolo R, Quirino A, Mazza E, Carrabetta F, Maurotti S, Cosco C, Bennardo F, Roberti R, Russo E, Giudice A, Pujia A, Doldo P, Matera G, Marascio N. Gut Microbiota Profile Changes in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Metagenomic Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5453. [PMID: 38791490 PMCID: PMC11121796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota imbalances have a significant role in the pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Herein, we compared gut microbial composition in patients diagnosed with either IBD or NAFLD or a combination of both. Seventy-four participants were stratified into four groups: IBD-NAFLD, IBD-only, NAFLD-only patients, and healthy controls (CTRLs). The 16S rRNA was sequenced by Next-Generation Sequencing. Bioinformatics and statistical analysis were performed. Bacterial α-diversity showed a significant lower value when the IBD-only group was compared to the other groups and particularly against the IBD-NAFLD group. β-diversity also showed a significant difference among groups. The higher Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio was found only when comparing IBD groups and CTRLs. Comparing the IBD-only group with the IBD-NAFLD group, a decrease in differential abundance of Subdoligranulum, Parabacteroides, and Fusicatenibacter was found. Comparing the NAFLD-only with the IBD-NAFLD groups, there was a higher abundance of Alistipes, Odoribacter, Sutterella, and Lachnospira. An inverse relationship in the comparison between the IBD-only group and the other groups was shown. For the first time, the singularity of the gut microbial composition in IBD and NAFLD patients has been shown, implying a potential microbial signature mainly influenced by gut inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen De Caro
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Rocco Spagnuolo
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Angela Quirino
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Elisa Mazza
- Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Federico Carrabetta
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Samantha Maurotti
- Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Cristina Cosco
- Unit of Gastroenterology and Operative Endoscopy, University Hospital “Renato Dulbecco” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Francesco Bennardo
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Roberta Roberti
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Emilio Russo
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Amerigo Giudice
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Arturo Pujia
- Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Doldo
- Experimental and Clinical Medicine Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (E.M.); (S.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Giovanni Matera
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Nadia Marascio
- Health Sciences Department, University “Magna Graecia” of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy; (C.D.C.); (A.Q.); (F.C.); (F.B.); (R.R.); (E.R.); (A.G.); (G.M.); (N.M.)
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8
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Facchin S, Bertin L, Bonazzi E, Lorenzon G, De Barba C, Barberio B, Zingone F, Maniero D, Scarpa M, Ruffolo C, Angriman I, Savarino EV. Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Human Health: From Metabolic Pathways to Current Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:559. [PMID: 38792581 PMCID: PMC11122327 DOI: 10.3390/life14050559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is home to trillions of diverse microorganisms collectively known as the gut microbiota, which play a pivotal role in breaking down undigested foods, such as dietary fibers. Through the fermentation of these food components, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate are produced, offering numerous health benefits to the host. The production and absorption of these SCFAs occur through various mechanisms within the human intestine, contingent upon the types of dietary fibers reaching the gut and the specific microorganisms engaged in fermentation. Medical literature extensively documents the supplementation of SCFAs, particularly butyrate, in the treatment of gastrointestinal, metabolic, cardiovascular, and gut-brain-related disorders. This review seeks to provide an overview of the dynamics involved in the production and absorption of acetate, propionate, and butyrate within the human gut. Additionally, it will focus on the pivotal roles these SCFAs play in promoting gastrointestinal and metabolic health, as well as their current therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Facchin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Luisa Bertin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Erica Bonazzi
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Greta Lorenzon
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Caterina De Barba
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Brigida Barberio
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Daria Maniero
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
| | - Marco Scarpa
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Cesare Ruffolo
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Imerio Angriman
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35138 Padua, Italy (C.R.); (I.A.)
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology (DISCOG), University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy (L.B.); (B.B.)
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Du Y, Zhang R, Zheng XX, Zhao YL, Chen YL, Ji S, Guo MZ, Tang DQ. Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf water extract attenuates type 2 diabetes mellitus by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis, lipopolysaccharide elevation and endocannabinoid system disorder. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 323:117681. [PMID: 38163557 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-known herbal medicine and has been used to treat diabetes in China for thousands of years. Our previous studies have proven mulberry leaf water extract (MLWE) could improve type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). However, it is still unclear whether MLWE could mitigate T2D by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis and thereof improve intestinal permeability and metabolic dysfunction through modulation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and endocannabinoid system (eCBs). AIM OF STUDY This study aims to explore the potential mechanism of MLWE on the regulation of metabolic function disorder of T2D mice from the aspects of gut microbiota, LPS and eCBs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. LPS, N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA) and 2-ararchidonylglycerol (2-AG) contents in blood were determined by kits or liquid phase chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry, respectively. The receptors, enzymes or tight junction protein related to eCBs or gut barrier were detected by RT-PCR or Western blot, respectively. RESULTS MLWE reduced the serum levels of AEA, 2-AG and LPS, decreased the expressions of N-acylphophatidylethanolamine phospholipase D, diacylglycerol lipase-α and cyclooxygenase 2, and increased the expressions of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), N-acylethanolamine-hydrolyzing acid amidase (NAAA), alpha/beta hydrolases domain 6/12 in the liver and ileum and occludin, monoacylglycerol lipase and cannabinoid receptor 1 in the ileum of T2D mice. Furthermore, MLWE could change the abundances of the genera including Acetatifactor, Anaerovorax, Bilophila, Colidextribacter, Dubosiella, Gastranaerophilales, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Oscillibacter and Rikenella related to LPS, AEA and/or 2-AG. Moreover, obvious improvement of MLWE treatment on serum AEA level, ileum occludin expression, and liver FAAH and NAAA expression could be observed in germ-free-mimic T2D mice. CONCLUSION MLWE could ameliorate intestinal permeability, inflammation, and glucose and lipid metabolism imbalance of T2D by regulating gut microbiota, LPS and eCBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Department of Medical Affairs, Xuzhou RenCi Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Department of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Yan-Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining, 221202, China
| | - Yu-Lang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Shuai Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Meng-Zhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dao-Quan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China; Department of Pharmacy, Suining People's Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Suining, 221202, China.
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Liao Y, Wu S, Zhou G, Mei S, Yang Z, Li S, Jin Z, Deng Y, Wen M, Yang Y. Cellulolytic Bacillus cereus produces a variety of short-chain fatty acids and has potential as a probiotic. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0326723. [PMID: 38441475 PMCID: PMC10986558 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03267-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulolytic bacteria ferment dietary fiber into short-chain fatty acids, which play an important role in improving fiber utilization and maintaining intestinal health. Safe and effective cellulolytic bacteria are highly promising probiotic candidates. In this study, we isolated three strains of Bacillus cereus, which exhibited cellulolytic properties, from Kele pig feces. To assess the genetic basis of cellulose degradation by the isolates, whole-genome sequencing was used to detect functional genes associated with cellulose metabolism. Subsequently, we identified that the B. cereus CL2 strain was safe in mice by monitoring body weight changes, performing histopathologic evaluations, and determining routine blood indices. We next evaluated the biological characteristics of the CL2 strain in terms of its growth, tolerance, and antibiotic susceptibility, with a focus on its ability to produce short-chain fatty acids. Finally, the intestinal flora structure of the experimental animals was analyzed to assess the intestinal environment compatibility of the CL2 strain. In this study, we isolated a cellulolytic B. cereus CL2, which has multiple cellulolytic functional genes and favorable biological characteristics, from the feces of Kele pigs. Moreover, CL2 could produce a variety of short-chain fatty acids and does not significantly affect the diversity of the intestinal flora. In summary, the cellulolytic bacterium B. cereus CL2 is a promising strain for use as a commercial probiotic or in feed supplement. IMPORTANCE Short-chain fatty acids are crucial constituents of the intestinal tract, playing an important and beneficial role in preserving the functional integrity of the intestinal barrier and modulating both immune responses and the structure of the intestinal flora. In the intestine, short-chain fatty acids are mainly produced by bacterial fermentation of cellulose. Therefore, we believe that safe and efficient cellulolytic bacteria have the potential to be novel probiotics. In this study, we systematically evaluated the safety and biological characteristics of the cellulolytic bacterium B. cereus CL2 and provide evidence for its use as a probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Liao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shihui Wu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guixian Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shihui Mei
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zemin Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Deng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Wen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biological Products, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biological Products, Guiyang, China
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11
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Long Q, Luo F, Li B, Li Z, Guo Z, Chen Z, Wu W, Hu M. Gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0310. [PMID: 38407327 PMCID: PMC10898672 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), a replacement of the nomenclature employed for NAFLD, is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide. Despite its high global prevalence, NAFLD is often under-recognized due to the absence of reliable noninvasive biomarkers for diagnosis and staging. Growing evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays a significant role in the occurrence and progression of NAFLD by causing immune dysregulation and metabolic alterations due to gut dysbiosis. The rapid advancement of sequencing tools and metabolomics has enabled the identification of alterations in microbiome signatures and gut microbiota-derived metabolite profiles in numerous clinical studies related to NAFLD. Overall, these studies have shown a decrease in α-diversity and changes in gut microbiota abundance, characterized by increased levels of Escherichia and Prevotella, and decreased levels of Akkermansia muciniphila and Faecalibacterium in patients with NAFLD. Furthermore, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, and tryptophan metabolites are believed to be closely associated with the onset and progression of NAFLD. In this review, we provide novel insights into the vital role of gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Specifically, we summarize the major classes of gut microbiota and metabolic biomarkers in NAFLD, thereby highlighting the links between specific bacterial species and certain gut microbiota-derived metabolites in patients with NAFLD.
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12
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Cai T, Song X, Xu X, Dong L, Liang S, Xin M, Huang Y, Zhu L, Li T, Wang X, Fang Y, Xu Z, Wang C, Wang M, Li J, Zheng Y, Sun W, Li L. Effects of plant natural products on metabolic-associated fatty liver disease and the underlying mechanisms: a narrative review with a focus on the modulation of the gut microbiota. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1323261. [PMID: 38444539 PMCID: PMC10912229 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1323261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a chronic liver disease characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. However, due to the complex pathogenesis of MAFLD, there are no officially approved drugs for treatment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find safe and effective anti-MAFLD drugs. Recently, the relationship between the gut microbiota and MAFLD has been widely recognized, and treating MAFLD by regulating the gut microbiota may be a new therapeutic strategy. Natural products, especially plant natural products, have attracted much attention in the treatment of MAFLD due to their multiple targets and pathways and few side effects. Moreover, the structure and function of the gut microbiota can be influenced by exposure to plant natural products. However, the effects of plant natural products on MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota and the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Based on the above information and to address the potential therapeutic role of plant natural products in MAFLD, we systematically summarize the effects and mechanisms of action of plant natural products in the prevention and treatment of MAFLD through targeting of the gut microbiota. This narrative review provides feasible ideas for further exploration of safer and more effective natural drugs for the prevention and treatment of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Cai
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Song
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoxue Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Dong
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Shufei Liang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Meiling Xin
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhong Huang
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Linghui Zhu
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tianxing Li
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueke Wang
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yini Fang
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Basic Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbao Xu
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Jingda Li
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China
| | - Yanfei Zheng
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Medicine, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, Shandong, China
| | - Lingru Li
- National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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13
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Ding X, He X, Tang B, Lan T. Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: future directions and strategies. Chin Med 2024; 19:21. [PMID: 38310315 PMCID: PMC10838467 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00894-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for several centuries for metabolic diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). At present, NAFLD has become the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease worldwide and can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. However, there is still a lack of effective treatment strategies in Western medicine. The development of NAFLD is driven by multiple mechanisms, including genetic factors, insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and adipose tissue dysfunction. Currently, certain drugs, including insulin sensitizers, statins, vitamin E, ursodeoxycholic acid and betaine, are proven to be beneficial for the clinical treatment of NAFLD. Due to its complex pathogenesis, personalized medicine that integrates various mechanisms may provide better benefits to patients with NAFLD. The holistic view and syndrome differentiation of TCM have advantages in treating NAFLD, which are similar to the principles of personalized medicine. In TCM, NAFLD is primarily classified into five types based on clinical experience. It is located in the liver and is closely related to spleen and kidney functions. However, due to the multi-component characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine, its application in the treatment of NAFLD has been considerably limited. In this review, we summarize the advances in the pathogenesis and treatment of NAFLD, drawn from both the Western medicine and TCM perspectives. We highlight that Chinese and Western medicine have complementary advantages and should receive increased attention in the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xu He
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Bulang Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tian Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.
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Wang Y, Xie Z, Wu X, Du L, Chong Z, Liu R, Han J. Porcine Intestinal Mucosal Peptides Target Macrophage-Modulated Inflammation and Alleviate Intestinal Homeostasis in Dextrose Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Mice. Foods 2024; 13:162. [PMID: 38201190 PMCID: PMC10778919 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine intestinal mucosal proteins are novel animal proteins that contain large amounts of free amino acids and peptides. Although porcine intestinal mucosal proteins are widely used in animal nutrition, the peptide bioactivities of their enzymatic products are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effect of porcine intestinal mucosal peptides (PIMP) on the RAW264.7 cell model of LPS-induced inflammation. The mRNA expression of inflammatory factors (interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β) and nitrous oxide levels were all measured by quantitative real-time PCR and cyclooxygenase-2 protein expression measured by Western blot. To investigate the modulating effect of PIMP and to establish a model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, we examined the effects of hematoxylin-eosin staining, myeloperoxidase levels, pro-inflammatory factor mRNA content, tight junction protein expression, and changes in intestinal flora. Nuclear factor κB pathway protein levels were also assessed by Western blot. PIMP has been shown in vitro to control inflammatory responses and prevent the activation of key associated signaling pathways. PIMP at doses of 100 and 400 mg/kg/day also alleviated intestinal inflammatory responses, reduced tissue damage caused by DSS, and improved intestinal barrier function. In addition, PIMP at 400 mg/kg/day successfully repaired the dysregulated gut microbiota and increased short-chain fatty acid levels. These findings suggest that PIMP may positively influence inflammatory responses and alleviate colitis. This study is the first to demonstrate the potential of PIMP as a functional food for the prevention and treatment of colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucong Wang
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhixin Xie
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
| | - Xiaolong Wu
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
| | - Lei Du
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhengchen Chong
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
| | - Rongxu Liu
- Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150030, China;
| | - Jianchun Han
- College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; (Y.W.); (Z.X.); (X.W.); (L.D.); (Z.C.)
- Heilongjiang Green Food Science Research Institute, Harbin 150030, China;
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Sun D, Chen P, Xi Y, Sheng J. From trash to treasure: the role of bacterial extracellular vesicles in gut health and disease. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1274295. [PMID: 37841244 PMCID: PMC10570811 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1274295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) have emerged as critical factors involved in gut health regulation, transcending their traditional roles as byproducts of bacterial metabolism. These vesicles function as cargo carriers and contribute to various aspects of intestinal homeostasis, including microbial balance, antimicrobial peptide secretion, physical barrier integrity, and immune system activation. Therefore, any imbalance in BEV production can cause several gut-related issues including intestinal infection, inflammatory bowel disease, metabolic dysregulation, and even cancer. BEVs derived from beneficial or commensal bacteria can act as potent immune regulators and have been implicated in maintaining gut health. They also show promise for future clinical applications in vaccine development and tumor immunotherapy. This review examines the multifaceted role of BEVs in gut health and disease, and also delves into future research directions and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desen Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Yang Xi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jinghao Sheng
- Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Zhang D, Jian YP, Zhang YN, Li Y, Gu LT, Sun HH, Liu MD, Zhou HL, Wang YS, Xu ZX. Short-chain fatty acids in diseases. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:212. [PMID: 37596634 PMCID: PMC10436623 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are the main metabolites produced by bacterial fermentation of dietary fibre in the gastrointestinal tract. The absorption of SCFAs is mediated by substrate transporters, such as monocarboxylate transporter 1 and sodium-coupled monocarboxylate transporter 1, which promote cellular metabolism. An increasing number of studies have implicated metabolites produced by microorganisms as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. SCFAs are important fuels for intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and represent a major carbon flux from the diet, that is decomposed by the gut microbiota. SCFAs play a vital role in multiple molecular biological processes, such as promoting the secretion of glucagon-like peptide-1 by IECs to inhibit the elevation of blood glucose, increasing the expression of G protein-coupled receptors such as GPR41 and GPR43, and inhibiting histone deacetylases, which participate in the regulation of the proliferation, differentiation, and function of IECs. SCFAs affect intestinal motility, barrier function, and host metabolism. Furthermore, SCFAs play important regulatory roles in local, intermediate, and peripheral metabolisms. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are the major SCFAs, they are involved in the regulation of immunity, apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid metabolism. Herein, we review the diverse functional roles of this major class of bacterial metabolites and reflect on their ability to affect intestine, metabolic, and other diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yong-Ping Jian
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yu-Ning Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao Li
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li-Ting Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hui-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ming-Di Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hong-Lan Zhou
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yi-Shu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Zhi-Xiang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Norman Bethune College of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Xie A, Zhao S, Liu Z, Yue X, Shao J, Li M, Li Z. Polysaccharides, proteins, and their complex as microencapsulation carriers for delivery of probiotics: A review on carrier types and encapsulation techniques. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124784. [PMID: 37172705 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics provide several benefits for humans, including restoring the balance of gut bacteria, boosting the immune system, and aiding in the management of certain conditions such as irritable bowel syndrome and lactose intolerance. However, the viability of probiotics may undergo a significant reduction during food storage and gastrointestinal transit, potentially hindering the realization of their health benefits. Microencapsulation techniques have been recognized as an effective way to improve the stability of probiotics during processing and storage and allow for their localization and slow release in intestine. Although, numerous techniques have been employed for the encapsulation of probiotics, the encapsulation techniques itself and carrier types are the main factors affecting the encapsulate effect. This work summarizes the applications of commonly used polysaccharides (alginate, starch, and chitosan), proteins (whey protein isolate, soy protein isolate, and zein) and its complex as the probiotics encapsulation materials; evaluates the evolutions in microencapsulation technologies and coating materials for probiotics, discusses their benefits and limitations, and provides directions for future research to improve targeted release of beneficial additives as well as microencapsulation techniques. This study provides a comprehensive reference for current knowledge pertaining to microencapsulation in probiotics processing and suggestions for best practices gleaned from the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Xie
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 119077, Singapore
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Zifei Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore
| | - Xiqing Yue
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Junhua Shao
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China
| | - Mohan Li
- College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 117542, Singapore.
| | - Zhiwei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation Technology, Changzhou University, 213164, Jiangsu, China.
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Das S, Gnanasambandan R. Intestinal microbiome diversity of diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease: Current status and future perspective. Life Sci 2023; 316:121414. [PMID: 36682521 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
A significant portion of the health burden of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is caused by both type 1 and type 2 diabetes which leads to morbidity and mortality globally. It is one of the most common diabetic complications characterized by loss of renal function with high prevalence, often leading to acute kidney disease (AKD). Inflammation triggered by gut microbiota is commonly associated with the development of DKD. Interactions between the gut microbiota and the host are correlated in maintaining metabolic and inflammatory homeostasis. However, the fundamental processes through which the gut microbiota affects the onset and progression of DKD are mainly unknown. In this narrative review, we summarised the potential role of the gut microbiome, their pathogenicity between diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease (NDKD), and their impact on host immunity. A well-established association has already been seen between gut microbiota, diabetes and kidney disease. The gut-kidney interrelationship is confirmed by mounting evidence linking gut dysbiosis to DKD, however, it is still unclear what is the real cause of gut dysbiosis, the development of DKD, and its progression. In addition, we also try to distinguish novel biomarkers for early detection of DKD and the possible therapies that can be used to regulate the gut microbiota and improve the host immune response. This early detection and new therapies will help clinicians for better management of the disease and help improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumik Das
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India
| | - Ramanathan Gnanasambandan
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632014, India.
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19
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Wang Y, Wen L, Tang H, Qu J, Rao B. Probiotics and Prebiotics as Dietary Supplements for the Adjunctive Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes. Pol J Microbiol 2023; 72:3-9. [PMID: 36929892 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2023-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern lifestyles, high-fat diets and prolonged inactivity lead to more people developing type 2 diabetes (T2D). Based on the modern pathogenesis of T2D, food, and its components have become one of the top concerns for patients. Recent studies have found that dysbiosis and gut-related inflammation are more common in T2D patients. Probiotics and prebiotics play complementary roles in the gut as dietary supplements. Together, they may help improve dysbiosis and intestinal inflammation in people with T2D, increase the production of blood glucose-lowering hormones such as incretin, and help reduce insulin resistance and lower blood glucose. Therefore, changing the dietary structure and increasing the intake of probiotics and prebiotics is expected to become a new strategy for the adjuvant treatment of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Wang
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Wen
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huazhen Tang
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jinxiu Qu
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Benqiang Rao
- 1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- 2Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Beijing, China
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20
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Guo C, Li Q, Chen R, Fan W, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Guo L, Wang X, Qu X, Dong H. Baicalein alleviates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction. Food Funct 2023; 14:2138-2148. [PMID: 36752061 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03015b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the main cause of chronic liver disease, and its pathological development is closely related to the gut-liver axis. The intestinal barrier, an important component of the gut-liver axis, can prevent gut microbes and endotoxins from entering the liver. Intestinal barrier function is impaired in patients with NAFLD. Baicalein, which is the main flavonoid in Scutellariae Radix, can improve NAFLD. However, whether baicalein alleviates NAFLD by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction remains unclear. In this study, a methionine-choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced NAFLD mouse model is used. The effects of baicalein on lipid accumulation, inflammation and the intestinal barrier in MCD-fed mice were evaluated by detecting blood lipid levels, lipid accumulation, liver pathological changes, inflammatory factors, inflammatory signaling pathways, the three main short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate and butyrate), intestinal permeability and intestinal tight junction protein expression. Compared with the MCD-only group, baicalein intake decreased the serum and liver lipid levels. Moreover, the accumulation of lipid droplets and steatosis in the liver were also alleviated; all these results demonstrated that baicalein could alleviate NAFLD. Meanwhile, the levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased in the baicalein group. Further investigation of the mucosal permeability to 4 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran, concentrations of short-chain fatty acids in feces, and the expression of intestinal zonula occluden 1 and claudin-1 indicated that a baicalein diet could decrease the intestinal permeability caused by a MCD diet. Moreover, the protein levels of p-NF-κB p65 and the ratio of p-NF-κB p65/NF-κB p65 increased, and IκB-α and PPARα decreased in NAFLD mice, while the administration of baicalein could alleviate these changes. The above results indicated that the mechanism of baicalein in the alleviation of NAFLD lies in the regulation of the intestinal barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Guo
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China. .,Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qingjun Li
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Rihong Chen
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenhui Fan
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yuqian Zhang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Lanping Guo
- Resource Center of Chinese Materia Medica, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Xinyan Qu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Hongjing Dong
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, Shandong, China.
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21
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Cao J, Wang K, Li N, Zhang L, Qin L, He Y, Wang J, Qu C, Miao J. Soluble dietary fiber and cellulose from Saccharina japonica by-product ameliorate Loperamide-induced constipation via modulating enteric neurotransmitters, short-chain fatty acids and gut microbiota. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:1319-1331. [PMID: 36511265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The effects of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) and cellulose (IDF) from Saccharina japonica by-product and their differences in improving constipation were further clarified in the present study. We demonstrated that SDF was mainly made up of d-mannuronic acid and d-mannose while IDF consisted of d-glucose , which is different from other reported dietary fibers of terrestrial plants. In this research, both SDF and IDF improved fecal-related indicators, gastrointestinal transit rate and histological morphology in Lop-induced mice. Moreover, they could increase the level of antioxidant enzymes (SOD and GSH-Px), restore the expression of enteric neurotransmitters, and maintain the function of ZO-1, JAM-1 as well as Occludin. Interestingly, SDF and IDF had a significant up-regulated effect on the proportion of Muribaculacea, Prevotellaceaen and Lachnospiraceae, which are critical to preserving intestinal immune homeostasis. Besides, they promoted the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The overall index showed that SDF is more effective for constipation due to its better water retention capacity. Thus, they can be used as a safe dietary supplement for the treatment of chronic or occasional constipation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhan Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Kai Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Nianxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Changfeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Marine Natural Products R&D Laboratory, Qingdao Key Laboratory, Qingdao 266061, China.
| | - Jinlai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Qingdao 266061, China; Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts, Qingdao Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China; Marine Natural Products R&D Laboratory, Qingdao Key Laboratory, Qingdao 266061, China.
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22
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Yang Z, Su H, Lv Y, Tao H, Jiang Y, Ni Z, Peng L, Chen X. Inulin intervention attenuates hepatic steatosis in rats via modulating gut microbiota and maintaining intestinal barrier function. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112309. [PMID: 36596207 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has suggested the mitigatory efficacy of prebiotic inulin on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), nevertheless, its action mechanisms remain elusive. Herein, inulin consumption effectively ameliorated high-sucrose diet-induced hepatic steatosis and inflammation, and rehabilitated liver lipogenesis regulators, including carbohydrate response element-binding protein, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. Furthermore, inulin supplementation restored the intestinal barrier integrity and function by up-regulating expressions of tight junction proteins (zonula occludens-1, claudin-1 and occludin). High-throughput sequencing demonstrated that inulin administration regulated the gut microbiota composition, wherein abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producers, including Bifidobacterium, Phascolarctobacterium and Blautia, was significantly enhanced in the inulin-treated rats, conversely, opportunistic pathogens, such as Acinetobacter and Corynebacterium_1, were suppressed. SCFA quantitative analysis showed that dietary inulin suppressed faecal acetate levels, but improved propionate and butyrate concentrations in rats with NAFLD. Functional prediction showed that tryptophan metabolism was one of the key metabolic pathways affected by gut microbiota changes. A targeted metabolomics profiling of tryptophan metabolism demonstrated that inulin intervention up-regulated faecal contents of indole-3-acetic acid and kynurenic acid, whereas down-regulated levels of kynurenine and 5-hydoxyindoleacetic acid in NAFLD rats. Therefore, this study demonstrated that inulin intake alleviated hepatic steatosis likely by regulating the gut microbiota composition and function and restoring the intestinal barrier integrity, which may provide a novel notion for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhandong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Huihui Su
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China; Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Sugar Technology, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Yunjuan Lv
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, China
| | - Heqing Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Yonghong Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Ziyan Ni
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
| | - Xueqing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
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23
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Lopez-Santamarina A, Sinisterra-Loaiza L, Mondragón-Portocarrero A, Ortiz-Viedma J, Cardelle-Cobas A, Abuín CMF, Cepeda A. Potential prebiotic effect of two Atlantic whole brown seaweeds, Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida, using in vitro simulation of distal colonic fermentation. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1170392. [PMID: 37125043 PMCID: PMC10140305 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1170392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two brown seaweeds (Saccharina japonica and Undaria pinnatifida) were characterized in terms of their nutritional and mineral composition, as well as their potential to modify the human gut microbiota. Nutritional analysis of these seaweeds showed that they comply with the criteria set out in European legislation to be labeled "low fat," "low sugar," and "high fiber." Mineral content analysis showed that 100 g of seaweed provided more than 100% of the daily Ca requirements, as well as 33-42% of Fe, 10-17% of Cu, and 14-17% of Zn requirements. An in vitro human digest simulator system was used to analyze the effect of each seaweed on the human colonic microbiota. The gut microbiota was characterized by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and short-chain fatty-acid analysis. Seaweed digestion and fermentation showed beneficial effects, such as a decrease in the phylum Firmicutes and an increase in the phyla Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. At the species level, seaweed fermentation increased the proportion of beneficial bacteria such as Parabacteroides distasonis and Bifidobacterium. Regarding of metabolic pathways, no significant differences were found between the two seaweeds, but there were significant differences concerning to the baseline. An increase in short-chain fatty-acid content was observed for both seaweeds with respect to the negative control, especially for acetic acid. Given of the obtained results, S. japonica and U. pinnatifida intake are promising and could open new opportunities for research and application in the fields of nutrition and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aroa Lopez-Santamarina
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
- *Correspondence: Aroa Lopez-Santamarina,
| | - Laura Sinisterra-Loaiza
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Alicia Mondragón-Portocarrero
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Jaime Ortiz-Viedma
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Alimentos y Tecnología Química, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra Cardelle-Cobas
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Carlos Manuel Franco Abuín
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Alberto Cepeda
- Laboratorio de Higiene, Inspección y Control de Alimentos (LHICA), Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de veterinaria, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
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24
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Yan M, Man S, Liang Y, Ma L, Guo L, Huang L, Gao W. Diosgenin alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through affecting liver-gut circulation. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106621. [PMID: 36535571 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), as the aggressive form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), rapidly becomes the leading cause of end-stage liver disease or liver transplantation. Nowadays, there has no approved drug for NASH treatment. Diosgenin possesses multiple beneficial effects towards inhibition of lipid accumulation, cholesterol metabolism, fibrotic progression and inflammatory response. However, there has been no report concerning its effects on NASH so far. Using methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) feeding mice, we evaluated the anti-NASH effects of diosgenin. 16 S rDNA was used to investigate gut microbiota composition. Transcriptome sequencing, LC/MS and GC/MS analysis were used to evaluate bile acids (BAs) metabolism and their related pathway. Compared with the MCD group, diosgenin treatment improved the hepatic dysfunction, especially decreased the serum and hepatic TC, TG, ALT, AST and TBA to nearly 50%. Content of BAs, especially CA and TCA, were decreased from 59.30 and 26.00-39.71 and 11.48 ng/mg in liver and from 0.96 and 2.1-0.47 and 1.13 μg/mL in serum, and increased from 7.01 and 11.08-3.278 and 5.11 ng/mg in feces, respectively. Antibiotic and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) treatment further confirmed the therapeutic effect of diosgenin on gut microbiota, especially Clostridia (LDA score of 4.94), which regulated BAs metabolism through the hepatic FXR-SHP and intestinal FXR-FGF15 pathways. These data indicate that diosgenin prevents NASH by altering Clostridia and BAs metabolism. Our results shed light on the mechanisms of diosgenin in treating NASH, which pave way for the design of novel clinical therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Shuli Man
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
| | - Yueru Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Long Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Industry Microbiology, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Metabolic Control Fermentation Technology, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Food Nutrition/Safety and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Lanping Guo
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China.
| | - Luqi Huang
- National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, PR China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Weijin Road, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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25
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Gut Microbiota in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Complex Interplay. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245323. [PMID: 36558483 PMCID: PMC9785319 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota represents the microbial community that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract and constitutes the most complex ecosystem present in nature. The main intestinal microbial phyla are Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Fusobacteria, and Verrucromicrobia, with a clear predominance of the two phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes which account for about 90% of the intestinal phyla. Intestinal microbiota alteration, or dysbiosis, has been proven to be involved in the development of various syndromes, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. The present review underlines the most recurrent changes in the intestinal microbiota of patients with NAFLD, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis.
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26
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Crosstalk between Resveratrol and Gut Barrier: A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315279. [PMID: 36499603 PMCID: PMC9739931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-based nutraceuticals are receiving increasing interest in recent time. The high attraction to the phytochemicals is associated with their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, which can lead to reduced risk of the development of cardiovascular and other non-communicable diseases. One of the most disseminated groups of plant bioactives are phenolic compounds. It was recently hypothesized that phenolic compounds can have the ability to improve the functioning of the gut barrier. The available studies showed that one of the polyphenols, resveratrol, has great potential to improve the integrity of the gut barrier. Very promising results have been obtained with in vitro and animal models. Still, more clinical trials must be performed to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on the gut barrier, especially in individuals with increased intestinal permeability. Moreover, the interplay between phenolic compounds, intestinal microbiota and gut barrier should be carefully evaluated in the future. Therefore, this review offers an overview of the current knowledge about the interaction between polyphenols with a special emphasis on resveratrol and the gut barrier, summarizes the available methods to evaluate the intestinal permeability, discusses the current research gaps and proposes the directions for future studies in this research area.
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27
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Fang J, Yu CH, Li XJ, Yao JM, Fang ZY, Yoon SH, Yu WY. Gut dysbiosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic implications. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:997018. [PMID: 36425787 PMCID: PMC9679376 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.997018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing recently and has become one of the most common clinical liver diseases. Since the pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been completely elucidated, few effective therapeutic drugs are available. As the "second genome" of human body, gut microbiota plays an important role in the digestion, absorption and metabolism of food and drugs. Gut microbiota can act as an important driver to advance the occurrence and development of NAFLD, and to accelerate its progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Growing evidence has demonstrated that gut microbiota and its metabolites directly affect intestinal morphology and immune response, resulting in the abnormal activation of inflammation and intestinal endotoxemia; gut dysbiosis also causes dysfunction of gut-liver axis via alteration of bile acid metabolism pathway. Because of its composition diversity and disease-specific expression characteristics, gut microbiota holds strong promise as novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets for NAFLD. Intervening intestinal microbiota, such as antibiotic/probiotic treatment and fecal transplantation, has been a novel strategy for preventing and treating NAFLD. In this article, we have reviewed the emerging functions and association of gut bacterial components in different stages of NAFLD progression and discussed its potential implications in NAFLD diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chen-Huan Yu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xue-Jian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jin-Mei Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng-Yu Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Soo-Hyun Yoon
- Institute of Medical Science, Wonkwang University, Iksan, South Korea
| | - Wen-Ying Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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28
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Health Benefits and Side Effects of Short-Chain Fatty Acids. Foods 2022; 11:foods11182863. [PMID: 36140990 PMCID: PMC9498509 DOI: 10.3390/foods11182863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and their metabolites could play an important role in health and diseases of human beings. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are mainly produced by gut microbiome fermentation of dietary fiber and could also be produced by bacteria of the skin and vagina. Acetate, propionate, and butyrate are three major SCFAs, and their bioactivities have been widely studied. The SCFAs have many health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, immunoregulatory, anti-obesity, anti-diabetes, anticancer, cardiovascular protective, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities. This paper summarizes health benefits and side effects of SCFAs with a special attention paid to the mechanisms of action. This paper provides better support for people eating dietary fiber as well as ways for dietary fiber to be developed into functional food to prevent diseases.
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Alteration of fecal microbiome and metabolome by mung bean coat improves diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2022.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Liu J, Wu A, Cai J, She ZG, Li H. The contribution of the gut-liver axis to the immune signaling pathway of NAFLD. Front Immunol 2022; 13:968799. [PMID: 36119048 PMCID: PMC9471422 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.968799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the liver manifestation of metabolic syndrome and is the most common chronic liver disease in the world. The pathogenesis of NAFLD has not been fully clarified; it involves metabolic disturbances, inflammation, oxidative stress, and various forms of cell death. The “intestinal-liver axis” theory, developed in recent years, holds that there is a certain relationship between liver disease and the intestinal tract, and changes in intestinal flora are closely involved in the development of NAFLD. Many studies have found that the intestinal flora regulates the pathogenesis of NAFLD by affecting energy metabolism, inducing endotoxemia, producing endogenous ethanol, and regulating bile acid and choline metabolism. In this review, we highlighted the updated discoveries in intestinal flora dysregulation and their link to the pathogenesis mechanism of NAFLD and summarized potential treatments of NAFLD related to the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anding Wu
- Department of general surgery, Huanggang Central Hospital, Huanggang, China
- Huanggang Institute of Translation Medicine, Huanggang, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang She, ; Hongliang Li,
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhi-Gang She, ; Hongliang Li,
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Tian M, Pak S, Ma C, Ma L, Rengasamy KRR, Xiao J, Hu X, Li D, Chen F. Chemical features and biological functions of water-insoluble dietary fiber in plant-based foods. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:928-942. [PMID: 36004568 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2110565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) is a nutritional component constituting the building block of plant cell walls. Our understanding of the role of IDF in plant-based foods has advanced dramatically in recent years. In this Review, we summarize research progress on the subtypes, structure, analysis, and extraction methods of IDF. The impact of different food processing methods on the properties of IDF is discussed. The role of gut microbiota in the health benefits of IDF is introduced. This review provides a better understanding of the chemical features and biological functions of IDF, which may promote the future application of IDF in functional food products. Further investigation of the mechanisms underlying the health benefits of IDF enables the development of effective strategies for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Tian
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - SolJu Pak
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingjun Ma
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Laboratory of Natural Products and Medicinal Chemistry (LNPMC), Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600077, India, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Daotong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Health Science Center, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Processing Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Cheng H, Liu J, Tan Y, Feng W, Peng C. Interactions between gut microbiota and berberine, a necessary procedure to understand the mechanisms of berberine. J Pharm Anal 2022; 12:541-555. [PMID: 36105164 PMCID: PMC9463479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Berberine (BBR), an isoquinoline alkaloid, has been found in many plants, such as Coptis chinensis Franch and Phellodendron chinense Schneid. Although BBR has a wide spectrum of pharmacological effects, its oral bioavailability is extremely low. In recent years, gut microbiota has emerged as a cynosure to understand the mechanisms of action of herbal compounds. Numerous studies have demonstrated that due to its low bioavailability, BBR can interact with the gut microbiota, thereby exhibiting altered pharmacological effects. However, no systematic and comprehensive review has summarized these interactions and their corresponding influences on pharmacological effects. Here, we describe the direct interactive relationships between BBR and gut microbiota, including regulation of gut microbiota composition and metabolism by BBR and metabolization of BBR by gut microbiota. In addition, the complex interactions between gut microbiota and BBR as well as the side effects and personalized use of BBR are discussed. Furthermore, we provide our viewpoint on future research directions regarding BBR and gut microbiota. This review not only helps to explain the mechanisms underlying BBR activity but also provides support for the rational use of BBR in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
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Zhang Z, Tang Y, Fang W, Cui K, Xu D, Liu G, Chi S, Tan B, Mai K, Ai Q. Octanoate Alleviates Dietary Soybean Oil-Induced Intestinal Physical Barrier Damage, Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response and Microbial Dysbiosis in Large Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys Crocea). Front Immunol 2022; 13:892901. [PMID: 35844501 PMCID: PMC9277137 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.892901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Octanoate is a type of classical medium-chain fatty acids, which is widely used to treat neurological and metabolic syndrome. However, the specific role of octanoate in repairing intestinal health impairment is currently unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether dietary octanoate repaired the intestinal damage induced by surplus soybean oil in Larimichthys crocea. In this study, dietary octanoate alleviated abnormal morphology of the intestine and enhanced expression of ZO-1 and ZO-2 to improve intestinal physical barrier. Further, dietary octanoate increased antioxidant enzymic activities and decreased the level of ROS to alleviate the intestinal oxidative stress. Dietary octanoate also attenuated the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the polarity of macrophage to reduce the intestinal inflammatory response. Moreover, the result of intestinal microbial 16S rRNA sequence showed that dietary octanoate repaired the intestinal mucosal microbial dysbiosis, and increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus. Dietary octanoate supplementation also increased the level of acetic acid in intestinal content and serum through increasing the abundance of acetate-producing strains. Overall, in Larimichthys crocea, dietary octanoate might alleviated oxidative stress, inflammatory response and microbial dysbiosis to repair the intestinal damage induced by surplus soybean oil. This work provides vital insights into the underlying mechanisms and treatment strategies for intestinal damage in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuhang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Guobin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Kangsen Mai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Qinghui Ai
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) and Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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Liu J, Tan Y, Cheng H, Zhang D, Feng W, Peng C. Functions of Gut Microbiota Metabolites, Current Status and Future Perspectives. Aging Dis 2022; 13:1106-1126. [PMID: 35855347 PMCID: PMC9286904 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota, a collection of microorganisms that live within gastrointestinal tract, provides crucial signaling metabolites for the physiological of hosts. In healthy state, gut microbiota metabolites are helpful for maintaining the basic functions of hosts, whereas disturbed production of these metabolites can lead to numerous diseases such as metabolic diseases, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Although there are many reviews about the specific mechanisms of gut microbiota metabolites on specific diseases, there is no comprehensive summarization of the functions of these metabolites. In this Opinion, we discuss the knowledge of gut microbiota metabolites including the types of gut microbiota metabolites and their ways acting on targets. In addition, we summarize their physiological and pathologic functions in health and diseases, such as shaping the composition of gut microbiota and acting as nutrition. This paper can be helpful for understanding the roles of gut microbiota metabolites and thus provide guidance for developing suitable therapeutic strategies to combat microbial-driven diseases and improve health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Yuzhu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Dandan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Wuwen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Standardization of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.
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Effects of Oats, Tartary Buckwheat, and Foxtail Millet Supplementation on Lipid Metabolism, Oxido-Inflammatory Responses, Gut Microbiota, and Colonic SCFA Composition in High-Fat Diet Fed Rats. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132760. [PMID: 35807940 PMCID: PMC9268892 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Coarse cereals rich in polyphenols, dietary fiber, and other functional components exert multiple health benefits. We investigated the effects of cooked oats, tartary buckwheat, and foxtail millet on lipid profile, oxido-inflammatory responses, gut microbiota, and colonic short-chain fatty acids composition in high-fat diet (HFD) fed rats. Rats were fed with a basal diet, HFD, oats diet (22% oat in HFD), tartary buckwheat diet (22% tartary buckwheat in HFD), and foxtail millet diet (22% foxtail millet in HFD) for 12 weeks. Results demonstrated that oats and tartary buckwheat attenuated oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in serum, and significantly increased the relative abundance of Lactobacillus and Romboutsia in colonic digesta. Spearman’s correlation analysis revealed that the changed bacteria were strongly correlated with oxidative stress and inflammation-related parameters. The concentration of the butyrate level was elevated by 2.16-fold after oats supplementation. In addition, oats and tartary buckwheat significantly downregulated the expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 2 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ in liver tissue. In summary, our results suggested that oats and tartary buckwheat could modulate gut microbiota composition, improve lipid metabolism, and decrease oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in HFD fed rats. The present work could provide scientific evidence for developing coarse cereals-based functional food for preventing hyperlipidemia.
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Liu W, Luo X, Liu T, Feng F. Study on the digestive characteristics of short-and medium-chain fatty acid structural lipid and its rapid intervention on gut microbes: In vivo and in vitro studies. Food Chem 2022; 380:131792. [PMID: 35086734 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Structuring is a feasible scheme to improve lipids' value. Here, SBL and SLBL (C4-C12 structural lipids) were obtained through enzymatic ester-ester transesterification or acidolysis interesterification using glyceryl tributyrate/glyceryl tridodecanoate and lauric acid/glyceryl tributyrate as raw materials, respectively. The digestive characteristics of SBL and SLBL were investigated in vitro and in vivo, meanwhile, their effects on gut microbes were studied. Compared with their corresponding triglyceride physical mixture, SBL possessed an ideal butyric acid sustained-release effect in simulated stomach digestion. Moreover, the sustained-release effect of SLBL on glycerol monolaurate (GML) was revealed both in vivo and in vitro, while this effect of the SBL was obviously occurred in small intestine. SBL significantly increased the abundance of Bifidobacterium and SLBL promoted the growth of Clostridiales within 24 h. Overall, both SBL and SLBL showed ideal sustained-release effects on GML rather than butyric acid, which may lead to positive changes in gut microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xianliang Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science & ZhongYuan Institute, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Glucocorticosteroids and the Risk of NAFLD in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 2022:4344905. [PMID: 35600209 PMCID: PMC9117063 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4344905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Each year, the incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) disease increases. NAFLD is a chronic disease. One of the most common causes of NAFLD is an inadequate lifestyle, which is characterized by a lack or low physical activity and eating highly processed foods rich in saturated fat and salt and containing low amount of fiber. Moreover, disturbances in intestinal microbiome and the use of certain drugs may predispose to NAFLD. NAFLD is an increasingly described disease in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Recent data also indicate a frequent coexistence of metabolic syndrome in this group of patients. Certain groups of drugs also increase the risk of developing inflammation, liver fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Particularly important in the development of NAFLD are steroids, which are used in the treatment of many diseases, for example, IBD. NAFLD is one of the most frequent parenteral manifestations of the disease in IBD patients. However, there is still insufficient information on what dose and exposure time of selected types of steroids may lead to the development of NAFLD. It is necessary to conduct further research in this direction. Therefore, patients with IBD should be constantly monitored for risk factors for the development of NAFLD.
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Crocetin Prolongs Recovery Period of DSS-Induced Colitis via Altering Intestinal Microbiome and Increasing Intestinal Permeability. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073832. [PMID: 35409192 PMCID: PMC8998954 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Crocetin is one of the major active constituents of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) which has a reputation for facilitating blood circulation and dispersing blood stasis in traditional Chinese medicine. However, there is little evidence showing the relationship between crocetin intake and the risk of gastrointestinal diseases such as colitis. In order to investigate the effect of crocetin on the regulation of intestinal barrier function and intestinal microbiota composition, mice were treated with crocetin after 3% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) administration for one week. We found that crocetin intake at 10 mg/kg aggravated colitis in mice, showing increased weight loss and more serious histological abnormalities compared with the DSS group. The 16s rDNA sequencing analysis of the feces samples showed that mice treated with 10 mg/kg crocetin had lower species diversity and richness than those treated with DSS. At the genus level, a higher abundance of Akkermansia and Mediterraneibacter, and a lower abundance of Muribaculaceae, Dubosiella, Paramuribaculum, Parasutterella, Allobaculum, Duncaniella, Candidatus Stoquefichus, and Coriobacteriaceae UCG-002 were observed in the crocetin group. Untargeted metabolomic analyses revealed that crocetin reduced the levels of primary and secondary bile acids such as 12-ketodeoxycholic acid, 7-ketodeoxycholic acid, 3-sulfodeoxycholic acid, 6-ethylchenodeoxycholic acid, chenodeoxycholate, glycochenodeoxycholate-7-sulfate, glycocholate, and sulfolithocholic acid in the colon. In conclusion, crocetin intake disturbed intestinal homeostasis and prolonged recovery of colitis by promoting inflammation and altering gut microbiota composition and its metabolic products in mice. Our findings suggest that patients with gastrointestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease should use crocetin with caution.
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Liu XC, Sun Q, Ji YC, Fu LZ, Wang ZL, He Y, Li LQ. Differences in the Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites Associated With Feeding Intolerance in VLBW Infants With a Gestational Age of ≤ 30 Weeks: A Pilot Study. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:726322. [PMID: 35252022 PMCID: PMC8891543 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.726322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the main variations in gut microbiota compositions, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations and autoinducer-2 (AI-2) levels in very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants with feeding intolerance (FI). Methods Twenty-seven VLBW infants with gestational ages of ≤30 weeks were divided into the FI group (n=14) and feeding tolerance (FT) group (n=13). The gut microbiota composition and SCFAs concentrations and AI-2 levels in feces were detected at 2 and 4 weeks after birth. Results There was no difference in alpha diversity between the two groups at 2 and 4 weeks after birth (P>0.05). Although the Chao index decreased (P<0.05), there was no difference in the Shannon index from 2 weeks to 4 weeks in either the FI or FT group (P>0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in beta diversity between the FI and FT groups at 2 weeks (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in beta diversity between the two groups at 4 weeks (P<0.05) and a large difference from 2 weeks to 4 weeks in both the FI and FT groups (P<0.05). Furthermore, the composition of the microbiota at 4 weeks was significantly different from that at 2 weeks in the FI group (P<0.05). The Veillonella abundance was lower at 4 weeks in the FI group (P<0.05), but there were no differences in the compositions of the other main microbes between the two groups (P>0.05). Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were dominant in both the FI and FT groups. The concentrations of propanoic, valeric and hexanoic acids were lower in the FI group at 2 weeks, and the levels of isobutyric and valeric acids were lower at 4 weeks after birth (P<0.05). The areas under the curves (AUCs) of propanoic, butanoic and valeric acids in predicting FI were 0.878, 0.816 and 0.744, respectively. Compared with that in the FT group, the relative bioluminescence of AI-2 was lower in the FI group at 2 weeks (P<0.05), and the AUC was 0.736. Conclusions The main composition of the microbiota was not obviously different in infants with FI. Some SCFAs and AI-2 have moderate value in predicting FI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Chen Liu
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan-Chun Ji
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Li-Zhen Fu
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng-Li Wang
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu He
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu-Quan Li
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Lu-Quan Li,
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Xiang H, Sun D, Liu X, She ZG, Chen Y. The Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:812610. [PMID: 35211093 PMCID: PMC8861316 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.812610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a serious disease threatening public health, and its pathogenesis remains largely unclear. Recent scientific research has shown that intestinal microbiota and its metabolites have an important impact on the development of NASH. A balanced intestinal microbiota contributes to the maintenance of liver homeostasis, but when the intestinal microbiota is disequilibrated, it serves as a source of pathogens and molecules that lead to NASH. In this review, we mainly emphasize the key mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites affect NASH. In addition, recent clinical trials and animal studies on the treatment of NASH by regulating the intestinal microbiota through prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics and FMT have also been briefly elaborated. With the increasing understanding of interactions between the intestinal microbiota and liver, accurate and personalized detection and treatment methods for NASH are expected to be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xiang
- Infectious Disease Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Xiang, ; Zhi-Gang She, ; Yonghong Chen,
| | - Dating Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Wuhan NO.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Infectious Disease Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Xiang, ; Zhi-Gang She, ; Yonghong Chen,
| | - Yonghong Chen
- Infectious Disease Department, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Xiang, ; Zhi-Gang She, ; Yonghong Chen,
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Kumar S, Kumar A. Microbial pathogenesis in inflammatory bowel diseases. Microb Pathog 2021; 163:105383. [PMID: 34974120 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the gastrointestinal system. Previously, it is considered the disease of the western world but now the incidence and prevalence of IBD are increasing globally with urbanization and modernization. Additionally, the major problem is the highest incidence of IBD among children and adolescents. The precise etiology of IBD is unknown and there is no cure for IBD, which is also the reason for increasing the number of cases worldwide. The IBD is a complex interplay of environment, immune system, and microbiota in a genetically susceptible host. Among these factors, the alteration in intestinal microbiota has been detected in IBD patients. The bacterial species associated with IBD include Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC), Helicobacter pylori, and Campylobacter concisus. Moreover, the efficacy of antibiotics and probiotics further suggests the role of microbes in IBD. However, no study confirmed the bacterial species as a cause of IBD as per Koch's postulates. Thus, still controversies exist regarding the role of microbes in IBD. Therefore, this paper aims to review the current literature to evaluate the role of microbes in IBD that would be a useful inventory of researchers working in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar
- Faculty of Biosciences, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Awanish Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India.
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Sun Q, Wang ZL, Liu XC, Ji YC, He Y, Ai Q, Li LQ. Effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids in feces of very low birth weight infants: a prospective study. ZHONGGUO DANG DAI ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY PEDIATRICS 2021; 23:1008-1014. [PMID: 34719415 DOI: 10.7499/j.issn.1008-8830.2107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To study the effect of the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics on intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in feces of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. METHODS A total of 29 VLBW infants who were admitted to the Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from June to December 2020 were enrolled as subjects for this prospective study. According to the course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, they were divided into two groups: ≤7 days (n=9) and >7 days (n=20). Fecal samples were collected on days 14 and 28 of hospitalization, and 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze the flora and SCFAs in fecal samples. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in Chao index of the intestinal flora in the ≤7 days group and the >7 days group from week 2 to week 4 (P<0.05). In the ≤7 days group, there were significant increases in the proportions of Firmicutes and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and a significant reduction in the proportion of Proteobacteria from week 2 to week 4 (P<0.05). At week 4, compared with the ≤7 days group, the >7 days group had significant reductions in the proportions of Firmicutes and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and a significant increase in the proportion of Proteobacteria (P<0.05), as well as significant reductions in the content of isobutyric acid and valeric acid (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The course of treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics can affect the abundance, colonization, and evolution of intestinal flora and the content of their metabolites SCFAs in VLBW infants. The indication and treatment course for broad-spectrum antibiotics should be strictly controlled in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Sun
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Zheng-Li Wang
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Xiao-Chen Liu
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Yan-Chun Ji
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Yu He
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Qing Ai
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
| | - Lu-Quan Li
- Neonatal Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University/National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders/China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders/Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China (Li L-Q, )
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Li HY, Zhou DD, Gan RY, Huang SY, Zhao CN, Shang A, Xu XY, Li HB. Effects and Mechanisms of Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Postbiotics on Metabolic Diseases Targeting Gut Microbiota: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093211. [PMID: 34579087 PMCID: PMC8470858 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are serious threats to public health and related to gut microbiota. Probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics (PPSP) are powerful regulators of gut microbiota, thus possessing prospects for preventing metabolic diseases. Therefore, the effects and mechanisms of PPSP on metabolic diseases targeting gut microbiota are worth discussing and clarifying. Generally, PPSP benefit metabolic diseases management, especially obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The underlying gut microbial-related mechanisms are mainly the modulation of gut microbiota composition, regulation of gut microbial metabolites, and improvement of intestinal barrier function. Moreover, clinical trials showed the benefits of PPSP on patients with metabolic diseases, while the clinical strategies for gestational diabetes mellitus, optimal formula of synbiotics and health benefits of postbiotics need further study. This review fully summarizes the relationship between probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, and metabolic diseases, presents promising results and the one in dispute, and especially attention is paid to illustrates potential mechanisms and clinical effects, which could contribute to the next research and development of PPSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yu Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Dan-Dan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China;
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China
| | - Si-Yu Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
| | - Cai-Ning Zhao
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- School of Chinese Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (H.-Y.L.); (D.-D.Z.); (S.-Y.H.); (A.S.); (X.-Y.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-20-8733-2391
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Sui G, Jia L, Quan D, Zhao N, Yang G. Activation of the gut microbiota-kynurenine-liver axis contributes to the development of nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis in nondiabetic adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21309-21324. [PMID: 34473644 PMCID: PMC8457600 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
The contribution of gut-liver signaling to the development of non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis (NHS) in non-diabetic adults remains unclear. We therefore performed comprehensive 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and fecal metabolomics analyses in 32 controls and 59 non-diabetic adults with NHS and performed fecal microbiota transplantation into germ-free mice using controls and NHS patients as donors. Compared to controls, the abundance of the genera Collinsella and Acinetobacter were higher, while that of Lachnospira was lower, in NHS subjects. Fecal metabolomics analysis showed decreased L-tryptophan levels and increased abundance of the tryptophan metabolite kynurenine in individuals with NHS. Correlation analysis showed that kynurenine levels positively associated with the abundance of Collinsella and Acinetobacter. ROC analysis demonstrated that the combination of tryptophan and kynurenine could discriminate NHS patients from controls with good statistical power [P < 0.05; AUC = 0.833 (95% CI, 0.747 to 0.918)]. Supporting a key role of dysbiotic gut microbiota in NHS development, incipient hepatic steatosis and increased kynurenine levels were observed in GF mice colonized with samples from NHS patients. These results indicate that enhanced kynurenine production resulting from altered gut microbiota composition contributes to NHS in nondiabetic adults and suggest the relevance of tryptophan metabolites as diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Sui
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianqun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Quan
- The Sixth People’s Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Traditional Chinese Medicine Viscera-State Theory and Applications, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
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Martínez JE, Vargas A, Pérez-Sánchez T, Encío IJ, Cabello-Olmo M, Barajas M. Human Microbiota Network: Unveiling Potential Crosstalk between the Different Microbiota Ecosystems and Their Role in Health and Disease. Nutrients 2021; 13:2905. [PMID: 34578783 PMCID: PMC8466470 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human body is host to a large number of microorganisms which conform the human microbiota, that is known to play an important role in health and disease. Although most of the microorganisms that coexist with us are located in the gut, microbial cells present in other locations (like skin, respiratory tract, genitourinary tract, and the vaginal zone in women) also play a significant role regulating host health. The fact that there are different kinds of microbiota in different body areas does not mean they are independent. It is plausible that connection exist, and different studies have shown that the microbiota present in different zones of the human body has the capability of communicating through secondary metabolites. In this sense, dysbiosis in one body compartment may negatively affect distal areas and contribute to the development of diseases. Accordingly, it could be hypothesized that the whole set of microbial cells that inhabit the human body form a system, and the dialogue between the different host microbiotas may be a contributing factor for the susceptibility to developing diseased states. For this reason, the present review aims to integrate the available literature on the relationship between the different human microbiotas and understand how changes in the microbiota in one body region can influence other microbiota communities in a bidirectional process. The findings suggest that the different microbiotas may act in a coordinated way to decisively influence human well-being. This new integrative paradigm opens new insights in the microbiota field of research and its relationship with human health that should be taken into account in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Miriam Cabello-Olmo
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.E.M.); (A.V.); (T.P.-S.); (I.J.E.)
| | - Miguel Barajas
- Biochemistry Area, Department of Health Science, Public University of Navarre, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (J.E.M.); (A.V.); (T.P.-S.); (I.J.E.)
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Salzman NH, Schwimmer JB. Pediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and the microbiome: Mechanisms contributing to pathogenesis and progression. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 19:22-29. [PMID: 34222711 DOI: 10.1016/j.coemr.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of pediatric liver disease in the United States, and often associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. NAFLD comprises a broad spectrum of liver diseases, from hepatic steatosis to steatohepatitis, fibrosis and cirrhosis. Disease progression is considered a multi-modal process of liver injury. The intestinal microbiome has been implicated in several aspects of NAFLD pathophysiology. Pediatric studies associating the intestinal microbiome with NAFLD have been limited in number and complicated by inconsistencies in study design and approach. Nevertheless, they provide support for involvement of the intestinal microbiome in NAFLD development and progression and point to common mechanisms shared by microbiome-associated inflammatory diseases with potential to inform future therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nita H Salzman
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.,Center for Microbiome Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jeffrey B Schwimmer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California.,Department of Gastroenterology, Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, Dan Diego, California
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Tian M, Li D, Ma C, Feng Y, Hu X, Chen F. Barley Leaf Insoluble Dietary Fiber Alleviated Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Mice Colitis by Modulating Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13030846. [PMID: 33807544 PMCID: PMC8001343 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation of dietary fiber has been proved to be an effective strategy to prevent and relieve inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) through gut microbiota modulation. However, more attention has been paid to the efficacy of soluble dietary fiber than that of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF). In the present study, we investigated whether IDF from barley leaf (BLIDF) can inhibit gut inflammation via modulating the intestinal microbiota in DSS-induced colitis mice. The mice were fed 1.52% BLIDF-supplemented diet for 28 days. Results demonstrated that feeding BLIDF markedly mitigated DSS-induced acute colitis symptoms and down-regulated IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels in the colon and serum of colitis mice. BLIDF supplementation effectively reduced the abundance of Akkermansia and increased the abundance of Parasutterella, Erysipelatoclostridium, and Alistipes. Importantly, the anti-colitis effects of BLIDF were abolished when the intestinal microbiota was depleted by antibiotics. Furthermore, the targeted microbiota-derived metabolites analysis suggested that BLIDF feeding can reverse the DSS-induced decline of short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids in mice feces. Finally, BLIDF supplementation elevated the expression of occludin and mucin2, and decreased the expression of claudin-1 in colons of DSS-treated mice. Overall, our observations suggest that BLIDF exerts anti-inflammatory effects via modulating the intestinal microbiota composition and increasing the production of microbiota-derived metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Fang Chen
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-10-62737645 (ext. 18)
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Alderete TL, Jones RB, Shaffer JP, Holzhausen EA, Patterson WB, Kazemian E, Chatzi L, Knight R, Plows JF, Berger PK, Goran MI. Early life gut microbiota is associated with rapid infant growth in Hispanics from Southern California. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1961203. [PMID: 34424832 PMCID: PMC8386720 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1961203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to determine if the newborn gut microbiota is an underlying determinant of early life growth trajectories. 132 Hispanic infants were recruited at 1-month postpartum. The infant gut microbiome was characterized using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Rapid infant growth was defined as a weight-for-age z-score (WAZ) change greater than 0.67 between birth and 12-months of age. Measures of infant growth included change in WAZ, weight-for-length z-score (WLZ), and body mass index (BMI) z-scores from birth to 12-months and infant anthropometrics at 12-months (weight, skinfold thickness). Of the 132 infants, 40% had rapid growth in the first year of life. Multiple metrics of alpha-diversity predicted rapid infant growth, including a higher Shannon diversity (OR = 1.83; 95% CI: 1.07-3.29; p = .03), Faith's phylogenic diversity (OR = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.94; p = .03), and richness (OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.08; p = .02). Many of these alpha-diversity metrics were also positively associated with increases in WAZ, WLZ, and BMI z-scores from birth to 12-months (pall<0.05). Importantly, we identified subsets of microbial consortia whose abundance were correlated with these same measures of infant growth. We also found that rapid growers were enriched in multiple taxa belonging to genera such as Acinetobacter, Collinsella, Enterococcus, Neisseria, and Parabacteroides. Moreover, measures of the newborn gut microbiota explained up to an additional 5% of the variance in rapid growth beyond known clinical predictors (R2 = 0.37 vs. 0.32, p < .01). These findings indicate that a more mature gut microbiota, characterized by increased alpha-diversity, at as early as 1-month of age, may influence infant growth trajectories in the first year of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Roshonda B. Jones
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Justin P. Shaffer
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - William B. Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Elham Kazemian
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jasmine F. Plows
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paige K. Berger
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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