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Verma VK, Mutneja E, Malik S, Sahu AK, Prajapati V, Bhardwaj P, Ray R, Nag TC, Bhatia J, Arya DS. Abatacept: A Promising Repurposed Solution for Myocardial Infarction-Induced Inflammation in Rat Models. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2024; 2024:3534104. [PMID: 38957586 PMCID: PMC11219209 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3534104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is irreversible damage to the myocardial tissue caused by prolonged ischemia/hypoxia, subsequently leading to loss of contractile function and myocardial damage. However, after a perilous period, ischemia-reperfusion (IR) itself causes the generation of oxygen free radicals, disturbance in cation homeostasis, depletion of cellular energy stores, and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The present study employed Abatacept (ABT), which is an anti-inflammatory drug, originally used as an antirheumatic response agent. To investigate the cardioprotective potential of ABT, primarily, the dose was optimized in a chemically induced model of myocardial necrosis. Thereafter, ABT optimized the dose of 5 mg/kg s.c. OD was investigated for its cardioprotective potential in a surgical model of myocardial IR injury, where animals (n = 30) were randomized into five groups: Sham, IR-C, Telmi10 + IR (Telmisartan, 10 mg/kg oral OD), ABT5 + IR, ABT perse. ABT and telmisartan were administered for 21 days. On the 21st day, animals were subjected to LAD coronary artery occlusion for 60 min, followed by reperfusion for 45 min. Further, the cardioprotective potential was assessed through hemodynamic parameters, oxidant-antioxidant biochemical enzymatic parameters, cardiac injury, inflammatory markers, histopathological analysis, TUNEL assay, and immunohistochemical evaluation, followed by immunoblotting to explore signaling pathways. The statistics were performed by one-way analysis of variance, followed by the Tukey comparison post hoc tests. Noteworthy, 21 days of ABT pretreatment amended the hemodynamic and ventricular functions in the rat models of MI. The cardioprotective potential of ABT is accompanied by inhibiting MAP kinase signaling and modulating Nrf-2/HO-1 proteins downstream signaling cascade. Overall, the present work bolsters the previously known anti-inflammatory role of ABT in MI and contributes a mechanistic insight and application of clinically approved drugs in averting the activation of inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vipin Kumar Verma
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Ekta Mutneja
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Salma Malik
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Anil Kumar Sahu
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Vaishali Prajapati
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Priya Bhardwaj
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Ruma Ray
- Cardiac Pathology Laboratory, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Tapas Chandra Nag
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Jagriti Bhatia
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
| | - Dharamvir Singh Arya
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi-110029, India
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Shafi O, Siddiqui G, Jaffry HA. The benign nature and rare occurrence of cardiac myxoma as a possible consequence of the limited cardiac proliferative/ regenerative potential: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1245. [PMID: 38110859 PMCID: PMC10726542 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11723-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac Myxoma is a primary tumor of heart. Its origins, rarity of the occurrence of primary cardiac tumors and how it may be related to limited cardiac regenerative potential, are not yet entirely known. This study investigates the key cardiac genes/ transcription factors (TFs) and signaling pathways to understand these important questions. METHODS Databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched for published articles without any date restrictions, involving cardiac myxoma, cardiac genes/TFs/signaling pathways and their roles in cardiogenesis, proliferation, differentiation, key interactions and tumorigenesis, with focus on cardiomyocytes. RESULTS The cardiac genetic landscape is governed by a very tight control between proliferation and differentiation-related genes/TFs/pathways. Cardiac myxoma originates possibly as a consequence of dysregulations in the gene expression of differentiation regulators including Tbx5, GATA4, HAND1/2, MYOCD, HOPX, BMPs. Such dysregulations switch the expression of cardiomyocytes into progenitor-like state in cardiac myxoma development by dysregulating Isl1, Baf60 complex, Wnt, FGF, Notch, Mef2c and others. The Nkx2-5 and MSX2 contribute predominantly to both proliferation and differentiation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells (CPCs), may possibly serve roles based on the microenvironment and the direction of cell circuitry in cardiac tumorigenesis. The Nkx2-5 in cardiac myxoma may serve to limit progression of tumorigenesis as it has massive control over the proliferation of CPCs. The cardiac cell type-specific genetic programming plays governing role in controlling the tumorigenesis and regenerative potential. CONCLUSION The cardiomyocytes have very limited proliferative and regenerative potential. They survive for long periods of time and tightly maintain the gene expression of differentiation genes such as Tbx5, GATA4 that interact with tumor suppressors (TS) and exert TS like effect. The total effect such gene expression exerts is responsible for the rare occurrence and benign nature of primary cardiac tumors. This prevents the progression of tumorigenesis. But this also limits the regenerative and proliferative potential of cardiomyocytes. Cardiac Myxoma develops as a consequence of dysregulations in these key genes which revert the cells towards progenitor-like state, hallmark of CM. The CM development in carney complex also signifies the role of TS in cardiac cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ovais Shafi
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
| | - Ghazia Siddiqui
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Hassam A Jaffry
- Sindh Medical College - Jinnah Sindh Medical University / Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan
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Poveda J, González-Lafuente L, Vázquez-Sánchez S, Mercado-García E, Rodríguez-Sánchez E, García-Consuegra I, Sanz AB, Segura J, Fernández-Velasco M, Liaño F, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. Targeting the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway prevents dysfunction in cardiac calcium handling after acute kidney injury. J Pathol 2023; 261:427-441. [PMID: 37776271 DOI: 10.1002/path.6200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Heart and kidney have a closely interrelated pathophysiology. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with significantly increased rates of cardiovascular events, a relationship defined as cardiorenal syndrome type 3 (CRS3). The underlying mechanisms that trigger heart disease remain, however, unknown, particularly concerning the clinical impact of AKI on cardiac outcomes and overall mortality. Tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) are independently involved in the pathogenesis of both heart and kidney failure, and recent studies have proposed TWEAK as a possible therapeutic target; however, its specific role in cardiac damage associated with CRS3 remains to be clarified. Firstly, we demonstrated in a retrospective longitudinal clinical study that soluble TWEAK plasma levels were a predictive biomarker of mortality in patients with AKI. Furthermore, the exogenous application of TWEAK to native ventricular cardiomyocytes induced relevant calcium (Ca2+ ) handling alterations. Next, we investigated the role of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in cardiomyocyte function following renal ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in mice. We observed that TWEAK-Fn14 signalling was activated in the hearts of AKI mice. Mice also showed significantly altered intra-cardiomyocyte Ca2+ handling and arrhythmogenic Ca2+ events through an impairment in sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ -adenosine triphosphatase 2a pump (SERCA2a ) and ryanodine receptor (RyR2 ) function. Administration of anti-TWEAK antibody after reperfusion significantly improved alterations in Ca2+ cycling and arrhythmogenic events and prevented SERCA2a and RyR2 modifications. In conclusion, this study establishes the relevance of the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway in cardiac dysfunction linked to CRS3, both as a predictor of mortality in patients with AKI and as a Ca2+ mishandling inducer in cardiomyocytes, and highlights the cardioprotective benefits of TWEAK targeting in CRS3. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura González-Lafuente
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vázquez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa Mercado-García
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Rodríguez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Inés García-Consuegra
- Proteomics Unit, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Belén Sanz
- Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Autonomous University of Madrid and REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julián Segura
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Fernández-Velasco
- IdiPAZ Institute for Health Research/Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares, CIBER-CV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Liaño
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRyCis), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research Imas12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection activates the TWEAK/Fn14 axis in cardiac myocytes and fibroblasts driving structural and functional changes that affect the heart. Exp Parasitol 2023; 248:108491. [PMID: 36841467 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2023.108491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Sustained interaction between the cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), has been linked to cardiovascular disorders. Chagas cardiomyopathy, elicited by Trypanosoma cruzi infection, is associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis and hypertrophy. This study aimed to explore the involvement of the TWEAK/Fn 14 axis in development of Chagas heart disease. Parasite infection in vitro triggered Fn14 overexpression in atrial HL-1 myocytes and cardiac MCF fibroblasts. Fn14 levels were also increased in heart tissue from C57BL/6 mice at 130 days post-infection, particularly in myocytes and fibroblasts. Concurrently, TWEAK expression in circulating monocytes from this group was higher than that determined in uninfected controls. TWEAK/Fn14 interaction was functional in myocytes and fibroblasts isolated from infected hearts, leading to TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2)-mediated activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling. Ex vivo stimulation of both cell types with recombinant TWEAK for 24 h boosted the NFκB-regulated production of proinflammatory/profibrotic mediators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, CCL2, CCL5, MMP-2, MMP-9, ICAM-1, E-selectin) involved in chronic T. cruzi cardiomyopathy. We further evaluated the therapeutic potential of the soluble decoy receptor Fn14-Fc to interfere with TWEAK/Fn14-dependent pathogenic activity. Fn14-Fc treatment of chronically infected mice was effective in neutralizing the ligand and reverting electrocardiographic abnormalities, maladaptive inflammation, adverse remodeling and hypertrophy in myocardium. Altogether, these findings suggest that sustained TWEAK/Fn14 induction by persistent T. cruzi infection is implicated in cardiopathogenesis and make TWEAK/Fn14 axis a promising target for the treatment of chronic Chagas heart disease.
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Gao Z, Bao J, Hu Y, Tu J, Ye L, Wang L. Sodium-glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors and Pathological Myocardial Hypertrophy. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1009-1022. [PMID: 37691190 PMCID: PMC10879742 DOI: 10.2174/1389450124666230907115831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are a new type of oral hypoglycemic drugs that exert a hypoglycemic effect by blocking the reabsorption of glucose in the proximal renal tubules, thus promoting the excretion of glucose from urine. Their hypoglycemic effect is not dependent on insulin. Increasing data shows that SGLT2 inhibitors improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. Previous studies have demonstrated that SGLT2 inhibitors can reduce pathological myocardial hypertrophy with or without diabetes, but the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. To clarify the relationship between SGLT2 inhibitors and pathological myocardial hypertrophy, with a view to providing a reference for the future treatment thereof, this study reviewed the possible mechanisms of SGLT2 inhibitors in attenuating pathological myocardial hypertrophy. We focused specifically on the mechanisms in terms of inflammation, oxidative stress, myocardial fibrosis, mitochondrial function, epicardial lipids, endothelial function, insulin resistance, cardiac hydrogen and sodium exchange, and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaqi Bao
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yilan Hu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Tu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lifang Ye
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Extracellular Vesicle-Associated TWEAK Contributes to Vascular Inflammation and Remodeling During Acute Cellular Rejection. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2022.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Empagliflozin Disrupts a Tnfrsf12a-Mediated Feed Forward Loop That Promotes Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:619-632. [PMID: 33886003 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-021-07190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the cardioprotective benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are now widely appreciated, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unresolved. Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 12a (Tnfrsf12a) is a receptor for tumor necrosis factor superfamily member 12 (Tnfsf12). Tnfrsf12a is highly inducible and plays a key role in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Here we set out to determine if SGLT2 inhibition affects the Tnfsf12/Tnfrsf12a system in the stressed myocardium. METHODS C57BL/6N mice that had undergone sham or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery were treated with either the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin (400 mg/kg diet; 60-65 mg/kg/day) or standard chow alone and were followed for 8 weeks. Tnfrsf12a expression in mouse hearts was assessed by in situ hybridization, qRT-PCR, and immunoblotting. RESULTS Left ventricular (LV) mass, end-systolic volume, and end-diastolic volume were all increased in TAC mice and were significantly lower with empagliflozin. Myocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis in TAC hearts were similarly attenuated with empagliflozin. Tnfrsf12a expression was upregulated in mouse hearts following TAC surgery but not in the hearts of empagliflozin-treated mice. In cultured cardiomyocytes, Tnfrsf12a antagonism attenuated the increase in cardiomyocyte size that was induced by phenylephrine. CONCLUSION Empagliflozin attenuates LV enlargement in mice with hypertrophic heart failure. This effect may be mediated, at least in part, by a reduction in loading conditions which limits upregulation of the inducible, proinflammatory, and prohypertrophic TNF superfamily receptor, Tnfrsf12a. Disruption of the Tnfsf12/Tnfrsf12a feed forward system may contribute to the cardioprotective benefits of SGLT2 inhibition.
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Regulatory role of endogenous and exogenous fibroblast growth factor 1 in the cardiovascular system and related diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 169:105596. [PMID: 33831565 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) has a critical regulatory role in the development of the cardiovascular system (CVS) and is strongly associated with the progression or treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, the regulatory mechanisms of FGF1 in CVS and CVDs have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, this review article summarized the existing literature reports on the role of FGF1 in CVS under physiological and pathological conditions. First, the expression and physiological functions of endogenous FGF1 is fully demonstrated. Then, we analyzed the role of exogenous FGF1 in normal CVS and related pathological processes. Specifically, the potential signaling pathways might be mediated by FGF1 in CVDs treatment is discussed in detail. In addition, the barriers and feasible solutions for the application of FGF1 are further analyzed. Finally, we highlight therapeutic considerations of FGF1 for CVDs in the future. Thus, this article may be as a reference to provide some ideas for the follow-up research.
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Poveda J, Vázquez-Sánchez S, Sanz AB, Ortiz A, Ruilope LM, Ruiz-Hurtado G. TWEAK-Fn14 as a common pathway in the heart and the kidneys in cardiorenal syndrome. J Pathol 2021; 254:5-19. [PMID: 33512736 DOI: 10.1002/path.5631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a complex relationship between cardiac and renal disease, often referred to as the cardiorenal syndrome. Heart failure adversely affects kidney function, and both acute and chronic kidney disease are associated with structural and functional changes to the myocardium. The pathological mechanisms and contributing interactions that surround this relationship remain poorly understood, limiting the opportunities for therapeutic intervention. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are abundantly expressed in injured kidneys and heart. The TWEAK-Fn14 axis promotes responses that drive tissue injury such as inflammation, proliferation, fibrosis, and apoptosis, while restraining the expression of tissue protective factors such as the anti-aging factor Klotho and the master regulator of mitochondrial biogenesis peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α). High levels of TWEAK induce cardiac remodeling, and promote inflammation, tubular and podocyte injury and death, fibroblast proliferation, and, ultimately, renal fibrosis. Accordingly, targeting the TWEAK-Fn14 axis is protective in experimental kidney and heart disease. TWEAK has also emerged as a biomarker of kidney damage and cardiovascular outcomes and has been successfully targeted in clinical trials. In this review, we update our current knowledge of the roles of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in cardiovascular and kidney disease and its potential contribution to the cardiorenal syndrome. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonay Poveda
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Vázquez-Sánchez
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Research Institute - Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain.,REDINREN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis M Ruilope
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,School of Doctoral Studies and Research, European University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gema Ruiz-Hurtado
- Cardiorenal Translational Laboratory, Institute of Research i+12, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER-CV, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
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Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Farkhondeh T, Ashrafizadeh M, Talebi M, Samargahndian S. Curcumin and cardiovascular diseases: Focus on cellular targets and cascades. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111214. [PMID: 33450488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of the most considerable mortality globally, and it has been tried to find the molecular mechanisms and design new drugs that triggered the molecular target. Curcumin is the main ingredient of Curcuma longa (turmeric) that has been used in traditional medicine for treating several diseases for years. Numerous investigations have indicated the beneficial effect of Curcumin in modulating multiple signaling pathways involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and proliferation. The cardiovascular protective effects of Curcumin against CVDs have been indicated in several studies. In the current review study, we provided novel information on Curcumin's protective effects against various CVDs and potential molecular signaling targets of Curcumin. Nonetheless, more studies should be performed to discover the exact molecular target of Curcumin against CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences (BUMS), Birjand, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Marjan Talebi
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 19968 35115, Iran
| | - Saeed Samargahndian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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Zhang Y, Zeng W, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 axis is an important player in fibrosis. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3304-3316. [PMID: 33000480 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a common pathological condition associated with abnormal repair after tissue injury. However, the etiology and molecular mechanisms of fibrosis are still not well-understood. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) belongs to the TNF superfamily and acts by binding to its receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), thereby activating a variety of intracellular signal transduction pathways in various types of cells. Besides promoting the expression of growth factors, activation of TWEAK/Fn14 signaling after tissue injury can promote the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which trigger the immune response, thereby exacerbating the injury. Severe or repetitive injury leads to a dysregulated tissue repair process, in which the TWEAK/Fn14 axis promotes the activation and proliferation of myofibroblasts, induces the secretion of the extracellular matrix, and regulates profibrotic mediators to further perpetuate and sustain the fibrotic process. In this review, we summarize the available experimental evidence on the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway mediates the development and progression of fibrosis. In addition, we discuss the therapeutic potential of the TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in fibrosis-associated diseases based on evidence derived from multiple models and cells from injured tissue and fibrotic tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Shi X, Qiu B, Shen H, Feng S, Fu J. Inverse Relationship between Plasma Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness among Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis. Cardiorenal Med 2020; 10:137-144. [PMID: 32126565 DOI: 10.1159/000503811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study aimed to investigate the level of soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and its correlation with micro-inflammation and atherosclerosis in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. METHODS This retrospective study involved 23 healthy subjects (control group), 23 hemodialysis (HD) patients (HD group) and 26 PD patients (PD group). Serum biochemical measurements and sTWEAK assessments were tested. The association between intima-media thickness (IMT) and sTWEAK concentrations was evaluated. RESULTS The TWEAK level was lower in PD (155.16 ± 3.69 pg/mL, p < 0.001) and the HD group (150.16 ± 7.23 pg/mL, p < 0.001) than that in the control group (193.05 ± 5.36 pg/mL), with no significant difference between the PD group and the HD group. In the PD and HD groups, sTWEAK was significant negatively correlated with CPR, fibrinogen, and white blood cell (p < 0.05). Besides, compared to lower sTWEAK concentration end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (no >161.9 pg/mL), patients who had a higher level of sTWEAK (>161.9 pg/mL) had a lower IMT (0.97 ± 0.04 vs. 0.84 ± 0.03 cm, p = 0.029). After adjusted for sex, age, hypertension, diabetes, duration of dialysis, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and serum glucose, sTWEAK (B = -0.002, r = 0.015) and CRP (B = 0.022, r = 0.015) were independent risk factors for the IMT of ESRD patients. CONCLUSION Plasma TWEAK is inversely associated with carotid IMT among patients undergoing HD and PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosong Shi
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Beifen Qiu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huaying Shen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Sheng Feng
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinxiang Fu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China,
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13
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Unudurthi SD, Nassal DM, Patel NJ, Thomas E, Yu J, Pierson CG, Bansal SS, Mohler PJ, Hund TJ. Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 mediates macrophage infiltration in heart to promote pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction. Life Sci 2020; 247:117440. [PMID: 32070706 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Heart failure (HF) is characterized by compromised cardiac structure and function. Previous work has identified a link between upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and HF. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine, which binds to fibroblast growth factor inducible 14 (Fn14), a ubiquitously expressed cell-surface receptor. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in promoting cardiac inflammation under non ischemic stress conditions. MAIN METHODS Wild type (WT) and Fn14 knock out (Fn14-/-) mice were subjected to pressure overload [transaortic constriction (TAC)] for 1 or 6 weeks. A subset of WT TAC animals were treated with the Fn14 antagonist L524-0366. Cardiac function was measured by echocardiography. Cardiac fibrosis and macrophage infiltration were quantified using immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, respectively. Cardiac fibroblasts were isolated for quantifying TWEAK-induced chemokine release. KEY FINDINGS Fn14-/- mice displayed improved cardiac function, reduced fibrosis and lower macrophage infiltration in heart compared to WT following TAC. L524-0366 mitigated maladaptive remodeling with TAC. TWEAK induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 from WT but not Fn14-/- fibroblasts in vitro, in part through activation of non-canonical NF-κB signaling. Finally, Fn14 expression was increased in mouse following TAC and in human failing hearts. SIGNIFICANCE Our findings support an important role for the TWEAK/Fn14 promoting macrophage infiltration and fibrosis in heart under non-ischemic stress, with potential for therapeutic intervention to improve cardiac function in the setting of HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathya D Unudurthi
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Drew M Nassal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Nehal J Patel
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Evelyn Thomas
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jane Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Curtis G Pierson
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Shyam S Bansal
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, USA
| | - Peter J Mohler
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Physiology & Cell Biology, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Thomas J Hund
- The Frick Center for Heart Failure and Arrhythmia, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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14
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis (TWEAK)/Fibroblast Growth Factor-Inducible 14 (Fn14) Axis in Cardiovascular Diseases: Progress and Challenges. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020405. [PMID: 32053869 PMCID: PMC7072601 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in Western countries. CVD include several pathologies, such as coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral artery disease, and aortic aneurysm, among others. All of them are characterized by a pathological vascular remodeling in which inflammation plays a key role. Interaction between different members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily and their cognate receptors induce several biological actions that may participate in CVD. The cytokine tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor, fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14), are abundantly expressed during pathological cardiovascular remodeling. The TWEAK/Fn14 axis controls a variety of cellular functions, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, and has several biological functions, such as inflammation and fibrosis that are linked to CVD. It has been demonstrated that persistent TWEAK/Fn14 activation is involved in both vessel and heart remodeling associated with acute and chronic CVD. In this review, we summarized the role of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis during pathological cardiovascular remodeling, highlighting the cellular components and the signaling pathways that are involved in these processes.
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15
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Mendez-Barbero N, Yuste-Montalvo A, Nuñez-Borque E, Jensen BM, Gutiérrez-Muñoz C, Tome-Amat J, Garrido-Arandia M, Díaz-Perales A, Ballesteros-Martinez C, Laguna JJ, Beitia J, Poulsen LK, Cuesta-Herranz J, Blanco-Colio LM, Esteban V. The TNF-like weak inducer of the apoptosis/fibroblast growth factor–inducible molecule 14 axis mediates histamine and platelet-activating factor–induced subcutaneous vascular leakage and anaphylactic shock. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020; 145:583-596.e6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 08/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Qian X, Zhu M, Qian W, Song J. Vitamin D attenuates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury by inhibiting inflammation via suppressing the RhoA/ROCK/NF‐ĸB pathway. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2019; 66:850-857. [PMID: 31245891 DOI: 10.1002/bab.1797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Qian
- Department of Cardiology The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- Department of Cardiology The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
| | - Weichun Qian
- Department of Cardiology Nanjing First Hospital Nanjing Medical University Nanjing China
| | - Jiaxian Song
- Department of Cardiology The Affiliated Zhangjiagang Hospital of Soochow University Suzhou China
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17
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Fischer A, Bockstahler M, Müller AM, Stroikova V, Leib C, Pfitzer G, Katus HA, Kaya Z. FN14 Signaling Plays a Pathogenic Role in a Mouse Model of Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis. J Card Fail 2019; 25:674-685. [PMID: 31212034 DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of inflammatory cardiomyopathy is affected by the activation of autoimmune-mediated cascades. To study these cascades, we developed an experimental model of troponin I (TnI)-induced autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). One factor playing a pivotal role in the context of autoimmune disorders is the receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (FN14). Thus, the impact of FN14 in the development of autoimmune myocarditis was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS TnI-immunization led to a significantly increased myocardial FN14 mRNA and protein expression in wild-type (wt) mice. To investigate the precise role of FN14 in EAM, FN14 knockout (ko) and wt littermates were immunized with TnI or control buffer. The animals were evaluated for cardiac parameters and indicators of myocardial injury. FN14 deficiency resulted in better cardiac performance, less myocardial inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac damage. A lower myocardial mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines as well as their receptors could be demonstrated in TnI-immunized FN14ko compared to wt mice also immunized with TnI. Western blot analysis revealed a contribution of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells to FN14-induced signaling cascades. CONCLUSIONS In the pathogenesis of autoimmune myocarditis, the inflammatory response to cardiac injury is attenuated in FN14ko mice. Thus, inhibition of FN14 in patients might represent a novel therapeutic strategy in the treatment of inflammatory cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fischer
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mariella Bockstahler
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Cardiology, St. Claraspital, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anna-Maria Müller
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Vera Stroikova
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Leib
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Cardiology, St. Claraspital, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Pfitzer
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ziya Kaya
- Department of Medicine III, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Heidelberg/Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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18
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Mangiferin Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via MAPK/Nrf-2/HO-1/NF- κB In Vitro and In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7285434. [PMID: 31249649 PMCID: PMC6535818 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7285434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effect of mangiferin (MAF) in vitro and in vivo. Oxidative stress and inflammatory injury were detected in coronary artery ligation in rats and also in hypoxia-reoxygenation- (H/R-) induced H9c2 cells. MAF inhibited myocardial oxidative stress and proinflammatory cytokines in rats with coronary artery occlusion. The ST segment of MAF treatment groups also resumed. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and pathological analysis showed that MAF could significantly reduce myocardial injury. In vitro data showed that MAF could improve hypoxia/reoxygenation- (H/R-) induced H9c2 cell activity. In addition, MAF could significantly reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory pathway protein expression in H/R-induced H9c2 cells. This study has clarified the protective effects of MAF on myocardial injury and also confirmed that oxidative stress and inflammation were involved in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/R) model.
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19
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Huang Qi Tong Bi Decoction Attenuates Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via HMGB1/TLR/NF- κB Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:8387636. [PMID: 30944548 PMCID: PMC6421754 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8387636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to study the protective effect of Huang Qi Tong Bi Decoction (HQTBT) on the heart of rats. Ischemia-reperfusion injury was established by coronary artery ligation. Proinflammatory cytokines were decreased by XFZY in coronary artery ligated rats. ST segment was also restored with the treatment of HQTBT. Triphenyltetrazole chloride (TTC) staining and pathological analysis showed that HQTBT reduced myocardial injury. Besides, the expressions of HMGB1/TLR/NF-κB pathway in rats were significantly decreased by HQTBT. This study shows that HQTBT inhibited inflammatory reaction on myocardial injury in rats.
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20
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Sheng Z, Ju C, Li B, Chen Z, Pan X, Yan G, He Y, Yao Y, Ma G. TWEAK promotes endothelial progenitor cell vasculogenesis to alleviate acute myocardial infarction via the Fn14-NF-κB signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:4019-4029. [PMID: 30344680 PMCID: PMC6176210 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide; however, endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) transplantation has been proposed as a promising treatment strategy for EPC. High levels of tumor necrosis factor-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) have been reported in AMI, although its effect on EPCs has not been reported. In the present study, immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were performed to assess the effect of TWEAK in isolated mouse EPCs. Echocardiography was used to evaluate the cardiac function of murine hearts following EPC treatment in the AMI model, while collagen synthesis within the heart tissue was assessed using Masson's trichrome staining. A tube formation assay and Transwell migration assay were performed to investigate the effects of TWEAK on vessel formation and EPC migration in vitro. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis were assessed in vivo using immunohistochemistry and western blotting was performed to determine the effect of TWEAK-mediated nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway activation in EPCs. The results revealed that TWEAK promotes EPC migration, tube formation and viability in vitro. Furthermore, TWEAK treatment resulted in improved cardiac function, decreased heart collagen and vasculogenesis in mice with AMI, which was mediated by the TWEAK- fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14)-NF-κB signaling pathway, as determined using Fn14 small interfering (si)RNA and Bay 11–7082 (an NF-κB inhibitor). In summary, the results of the present study suggest that activation of the TWEAK-Fn14-NF-κB signaling pathway exerts a beneficial effect on EPCs for the treatment of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zulong Sheng
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Chenwei Ju
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Zhongpu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaodong Pan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Gaoliang Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yanru He
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yuyu Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Genshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Das NA, Carpenter AJ, Yoshida T, Kumar SA, Gautam S, Mostany R, Izadpanah R, Kumar A, Mummidi S, Siebenlist U, Chandrasekar B. TRAF3IP2 mediates TWEAK/TWEAKR-induced pro-fibrotic responses in cultured cardiac fibroblasts and the heart. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 121:107-123. [PMID: 29981796 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Persistent inflammation promotes development and progression of heart failure (HF). TWEAK (TNF-Related WEAK Inducer Of Apoptosis), a NF-κB- and/or AP-1-responsive proinflammatory cytokine that signals via TWEAK receptor (TWEAKR), is expressed at high levels in human and preclinical models of HF. Since the adapter molecule TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2) is an upstream regulator of various proinflammatory pathways, including those activated by NF-κB and AP-1, we hypothesized that targeting TRAF3IP2 inhibits TWEAK-induced proinflammatory and pro-fibrotic responses in vitro and in vivo. Consistent with the hypothesis, forced expression of TRAF3IP2 upregulated TWEAK and its receptor expression in cultured adult mouse cardiac fibroblasts (CF). Further, exogenous TWEAK upregulated TRAF3IP2 expression in a time- and dose-dependent manner, suggesting a positive-feedback regulation of TRAF3IP2 and TWEAK. TWEAK also promoted TRAF3IP2 nuclear translocation. Confirming its critical role in TWEAK signaling, silencing TRAF3IP2 inhibited TWEAK autoregulation, TWEAKR upregulation, p38 MAPK, NF-κB and AP-1 activation, inflammatory cytokine expression, MMP and TIMP1 activation, collagen expression and secretion, and importantly, proliferation and migration. Recapitulating these in vitro results, continuous infusion of TWEAK for 7 days increased systolic blood pressure (SBP), upregulated TRAF3IP2 expression, activated p38 MAPK, NF-κB and AP-1, induced the expression of multiple proinflammatory and pro-fibrotic mediators, and interstitial fibrosis in hearts of wild type mice. These proinflammatory and pro-fibrotic changes occurred in conjunction with myocardial hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction. Importantly, genetic ablation of TRAF3IP2 inhibited these TWEAK-induced adverse cardiac changes independent of increases in SBP, indicating that TRAF3IP2 plays a causal role, and thus a therapeutic target, in chronic inflammatory and fibro-proliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin A Das
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andrea J Carpenter
- Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tadashi Yoshida
- Medicine/Cardiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Senthil A Kumar
- Medicine/Cardiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Sandeep Gautam
- Medicine/Cardiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Ricardo Mostany
- Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Reza Izadpanah
- Medicine/Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Srinivas Mummidi
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley School of Medicine, Edinburg, TX, USA
| | | | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- Medicine/Cardiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO, USA; Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, Columbia, MO, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
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22
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Hao L, Ren M, Rong B, Xie F, Lin MJ, Zhao YC, Yue X, Han WQ, Zhong JQ. TWEAK/Fn14 mediates atrial-derived HL-1 myocytes hypertrophy via JAK2/STAT3 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:4344-4353. [PMID: 29971943 PMCID: PMC6111870 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial myocyte hypertrophy is one of the most important substrates in the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). The TWEAK/Fn14 axis is a positive regulator of cardiac hypertrophy in cardiomyopathy. This study therefore investigated the effects of Fn14 on atrial hypertrophy and underlying cellular mechanisms using HL‐1 atrial myocytes. In patients with AF, Fn14 protein levels were higher in atrial myocytes from atrial appendages, and expression of TWEAK was increased in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, while TWEAK serum levels were decreased. In vitro, Fn14 expression was up‐regulated in response to TWEAK treatment in HL‐1 atrial myocytes. TWEAK increased the expression of ANP and Troponin T, and Fn14 knockdown counteracted the effect. Inhibition of JAK2, STAT3 by specific siRNA attenuated TWEAK‐induced HL‐1 atrial myocytes hypertrophy. In conclusion, TWEAK/Fn14 axis mediates HL‐1 atrial myocytes hypertrophy partly through activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Manyi Ren
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bing Rong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Fei Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming-Jie Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ya-Chao Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xin Yue
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Han
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing-Quan Zhong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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23
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Rysä J, Tokola H, Ruskoaho H. Mechanical stretch induced transcriptomic profiles in cardiac myocytes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4733. [PMID: 29549296 PMCID: PMC5856749 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical forces are able to activate hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes in the overloaded myocardium. However, the transcriptional profiles triggered by mechanical stretch in cardiac myocytes are not fully understood. Here, we performed the first genome-wide time series study of gene expression changes in stretched cultured neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVM)s, resulting in 205, 579, 737, 621, and 1542 differentially expressed (>2-fold, P < 0.05) genes in response to 1, 4, 12, 24, and 48 hours of cyclic mechanical stretch. We used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to predict functional pathways and upstream regulators of differentially expressed genes in order to identify regulatory networks that may lead to mechanical stretch induced hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes. We also performed micro (miRNA) expression profiling of stretched NRVMs, and identified that a total of 8 and 87 miRNAs were significantly (P < 0.05) altered by 1-12 and 24-48 hours of mechanical stretch, respectively. Finally, through integration of miRNA and mRNA data, we predicted the miRNAs that regulate mRNAs potentially leading to the hypertrophic growth induced by mechanical stretch. These analyses predicted nuclear factor-like 2 (Nrf2) and interferon regulatory transcription factors as well as the let-7 family of miRNAs as playing roles in the regulation of stretch-regulated genes in cardiomyocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaana Rysä
- School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
| | - Heikki Tokola
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research and Translational Medicine Research Unit, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heikki Ruskoaho
- Research Unit of Biomedicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Wu J, Xun N, Yang Y, Zeng L, Li Z, Yang W, Liang Y, Tang H, Ma Z. Retracted Article: Chrysin attenuates myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury by inhibiting myocardial inflammation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:13739-13746. [PMID: 35539337 PMCID: PMC9079803 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00590g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chrysin (CH) on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury. Cytokines were reduced by CH in coronary artery occlusion-induced rats and also in H9C2 cells. The ST segment was also restored by CH. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining and pathological analysis showed that CH could alleviate myocardial injury. Results in H9C2 cells showed that CH improved heart injury in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) of H9C2 cells. In addition, the expressions of the HMGB1-related inflammation pathway in rats and H9C2 cells were significantly decreased by CH. The present study shows the protective effects of CH on myocardial injury via inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of chrysin (CH) on myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingguo Wu
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Xun
- Department of Endocrinology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Pathology
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lijin Zeng
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Wen Yang
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Liang
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongfu Ma
- Department of General Internal Medicine
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510080
- People's Republic of China
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The role of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) in offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2017; 9:661-669. [DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417001003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to prenatal hypoxia in rats leads to intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), decreases fetal cardiomyocyte proliferation and increases the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life. The tumor necrosis factor-related weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) induces cardiomyocyte proliferation through activation of the fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn-14) receptor. The TWEAK/Fn-14 pathway becomes quiescent shortly after birth, however, it becomes upregulated with CVD; suggesting that it could be a link between the increased susceptibility to CVD in pregnancies complicated by hypoxia/IUGR. We hypothesized that offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia will exhibit reduced cardiomyocyte proliferation due to reduced Fn-14 expression and that the TWEAK/Fn-14 pathway will be expressed in those adult offspring. We exposed pregnant Sprague Dawley rats to control (21% oxygen) or hypoxic (11% oxygen) conditions from gestational days 15 to 21. Ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated from male and female, control and hypoxic offspring at postnatal day 1. Proliferation was assessed in the presence or absence of r-TWEAK (72 h, 100 ng/ml). Prenatal hypoxia was not associated with differences in Fn-14 protein expression in either male or female offspring. Cardiomyocytes from prenatal hypoxic male, but not female, offspring had decreased proliferation compared with controls. Addition of r-TWEAK increased cardiomyocyte proliferation in all offspring. In adult offspring of all groups, the TWEAK/Fn-14 pathway was not detectable. Cardiomyocyte proliferation was reduced in only male offspring exposed to prenatal hypoxia but this was not due to changes in the Fn-14 pathway. Studies addressing other pathways associated with CVD and prenatal hypoxia are needed.
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Liu K, Chen H, You QS, Ye Q, Wang F, Wang S, Zhang SL, Yu KJ, Lu Q. Curcumin attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Oncotarget 2017; 8:112051-112059. [PMID: 29340110 PMCID: PMC5762378 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are at a badly high-risk of morbidity and mortality in the world. Methods Our study was attempted to investigate the cardioprotective role of curcumin. Hearts injury was assessed in isolated hearts and the rats of coronary artery ligated. Results and Conclusions The inhibition of pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed by curcumin in coronary artery ligated rats. ST segment was also reduced by curcumin. Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC) staining and pathological analysis were also showed that curcumin could dramatically alleviate myocardial injury. Besides, the results in vitro also demonstrated that curcumin could improved the function of isolated hearts. Besides, the expressions of inflammation-related pathway in both rats and isolated hearts treated with curcumin were significantly decreased. The present study investigated the protective effects of curcumin on myocardial injury and its mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Honglin Chen
- School of Nursing, Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Sheng You
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Shuang-Long Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Kang-Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
| | - Qi Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, P.R. China
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27
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Beetz N, Rommel C, Schnick T, Neumann E, Lother A, Monroy-Ordonez EB, Zeeb M, Preissl S, Gilsbach R, Melchior-Becker A, Rylski B, Stoll M, Schaefer L, Beyersdorf F, Stiller B, Hein L. Ablation of biglycan attenuates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis after left ventricular pressure overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 101:145-155. [PMID: 27789290 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Biglycan, a small leucine-rich proteoglycan, has been shown to play an important role in stabilizing fibrotic scars after experimental myocardial infarction. However, the role of biglycan in the development and regression of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis during cardiac pressure overload and unloading remains elusive. Thus, the aim of the present study was to assess the effect of biglycan on cardiac remodeling in a mouse model of left ventricular pressure overload and unloading. METHODS AND RESULTS Left ventricular pressure overload induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice resulted in left ventricular dysfunction, fibrosis and increased biglycan expression. Fluorescence- and magnetic-assisted sorting of cardiac cell types revealed upregulation of biglycan in the fibroblast population, but not in cardiomyocytes, endothelial cells or leukocytes after TAC. Removal of the aortic constriction (rTAC) after short-term pressure overload (3weeks) improved cardiac contractility and reversed ventricular hypertrophy but not fibrosis in wild-type (WT) mice. Biglycan ablation (KO) enhanced functional recovery but did not resolve cardiac fibrosis. After long-term TAC for 9weeks, ablation of biglycan attenuated the development of cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. In vitro, biglycan induced hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and led to activation of a hypertrophic gene program. Putative downstream mediators of biglycan signaling include Rcan1, Abra and Tnfrsf12a. These genes were concordantly induced by TAC in WT but not in biglycan KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Left ventricular pressure overload induces biglycan expression in cardiac fibroblasts. Ablation of biglycan improves cardiac function and attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis after long-term pressure overload. In vitro biglycan induces hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, suggesting that biglycan may act as a signaling molecule between cell types to modulate cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Beetz
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Carolin Rommel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tilman Schnick
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Heart Center, Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Heart Center, Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Achim Lother
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; Heart Center, Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elsa Beatriz Monroy-Ordonez
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Zeeb
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Preissl
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Gilsbach
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ariane Melchior-Becker
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bartosz Rylski
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Monika Stoll
- Institute of Human Genetics, Genetic Epidemiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Pharmazentrum, Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Goethe Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Beyersdorf
- Heart Center, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Brigitte Stiller
- Heart Center, Department of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lutz Hein
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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Repair Injured Heart by Regulating Cardiac Regenerative Signals. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:6193419. [PMID: 27799944 PMCID: PMC5075315 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6193419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration is a homeostatic cardiogenic process by which the sections of malfunctioning adult cardiovascular tissues are repaired and renewed employing a combination of both cardiomyogenesis and angiogenesis. Unfortunately, while high-quality regeneration can be performed in amphibians and zebrafish hearts, mammalian hearts do not respond in kind. Indeed, a long-term loss of proliferative capacity in mammalian adult cardiomyocytes in combination with dysregulated induction of tissue fibrosis impairs mammalian endogenous heart regenerative capacity, leading to deleterious cardiac remodeling at the end stage of heart failure. Interestingly, several studies have demonstrated that cardiomyocyte proliferation capacity is retained in mammals very soon after birth, and cardiac regeneration potential is correspondingly preserved in some preadolescent vertebrates after myocardial infarction. There is therefore great interest in uncovering the molecular mechanisms that may allow heart regeneration during adult stages. This review will summarize recent findings on cardiac regenerative regulatory mechanisms, especially with respect to extracellular signals and intracellular pathways that may provide novel therapeutics for heart diseases. Particularly, both in vitro and in vivo experimental evidences will be presented to highlight the functional role of these signaling cascades in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation, cardiomyocyte growth, and maturation, with special emphasis on their responses to heart tissue injury.
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29
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Yariswamy M, Yoshida T, Valente AJ, Kandikattu HK, Sakamuri SSVP, Siddesha JM, Sukhanov S, Saifudeen Z, Ma L, Siebenlist U, Gardner JD, Chandrasekar B. Cardiac-restricted Overexpression of TRAF3 Interacting Protein 2 (TRAF3IP2) Results in Spontaneous Development of Myocardial Hypertrophy, Fibrosis, and Dysfunction. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:19425-36. [PMID: 27466370 PMCID: PMC5016681 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.724138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
TRAF3IP2 (TRAF3 interacting protein 2; previously known as CIKS or Act1) is a key intermediate in the normal inflammatory response and the pathogenesis of various autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Induction of TRAF3IP2 activates IκB kinase (IKK)/NF-κB, JNK/AP-1, and c/EBPβ and stimulates the expression of various inflammatory mediators with negative myocardial inotropic effects. To investigate the role of TRAF3IP2 in heart disease, we generated a transgenic mouse model with cardiomyocyte-specific TRAF3IP2 overexpression (TRAF3IP2-Tg). Echocardiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and pressure-volume conductance catheterization revealed impaired cardiac function in 2-month-old male transgenic (Tg) mice as evidenced by decreased ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output, and peak ejection rate. Moreover, the male Tg mice spontaneously developed myocardial hypertrophy (increased heart/body weight ratio, cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area, GATA4 induction, and fetal gene re-expression). Furthermore, TRAF3IP2 overexpression resulted in the activation of IKK/NF-κB, JNK/AP-1, c/EBPβ, and p38 MAPK and induction of proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and extracellular matrix proteins in the heart. Although myocardial hypertrophy decreased with age, cardiac fibrosis (increased number of myofibroblasts and enhanced expression and deposition of fibrillar collagens) increased progressively. Despite these adverse changes, TRAF3IP2 overexpression did not result in cell death at any time period. Interestingly, despite increased mRNA expression, TRAF3IP2 protein levels and activation of its downstream signaling intermediates remained unchanged in the hearts of female Tg mice. The female Tg mice also failed to develop myocardial hypertrophy. In summary, these results demonstrate that overexpression of TRAF3IP2 in male mice is sufficient to induce myocardial hypertrophy, cardiac fibrosis, and contractile dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Yariswamy
- From the Department of Medicine and Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201
| | | | - Anthony J Valente
- University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229
| | | | | | | | | | - Zubaida Saifudeen
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Lixin Ma
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201, Department of Radiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211
| | - Ulrich Siebenlist
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, and
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112
| | - Bysani Chandrasekar
- From the Department of Medicine and Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri 65201,
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Tuttolomondo A, Simonetta I, Pinto A. MicroRNA and receptor mediated signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets in heart failure. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1287-1300. [PMID: 27409295 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1212017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiac remodelling is a complex pathogenetic pathway involving genome expression, molecular, cellular, and interstitial changes that cause changes in size, shape and function of the heart after cardiac injury. Areas covered: We will review recent advances in understanding the role of several receptor-mediated signaling pathways and micro-RNAs, in addition to their potential as candidate target pathways in the pathogenesis of heart failure. The myocyte is the main target cell involved in the remodelling process via ischemia, cell necrosis and apoptosis (by means of various receptor pathways), and other mechanisms mediated by micro-RNAs. We will analyze the role of some receptor mediated signaling pathways such as natriuretic peptides, mediators of glycogen synthase kinase 3 and ERK1/2 pathways, beta-adrenergic receptor subtypes and relaxin receptor signaling mechanisms, TNF/TNF receptor family and TWEAK/Fn14 axis, and some micro-RNAs as candidate target pathways in pathogenesis of heart failure. These mediators of receptor-mediated pathways and micro-RNA are the most addressed targets of emerging therapies in modern heart failure treatment strategies. Expert opinion: Future treatment strategies should address mediators involved in multiple steps within heart failure pathogenetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Tuttolomondo
- a U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (Di.Bi.M.I.S) , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Irene Simonetta
- a U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (Di.Bi.M.I.S) , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- a U.O.C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Dipartimento Biomedico di Medicina Interna e Specialistica (Di.Bi.M.I.S) , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy
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TWEAK favors phosphate-induced calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells through canonical and non-canonical activation of NFκB. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2305. [PMID: 27441657 PMCID: PMC4973358 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in aging, chronic kidney disease (CKD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and atherosclerosis. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) recently emerged as a new biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. TWEAK binding to its functional receptor Fn14 was reported to promote several steps of atherosclerotic plaque progression. However, no information is currently available on the role of TWEAK/Fn14 on the development of medial calcification, which is highly prevalent in aging, CKD and T2DM. This study explored the involvement of TWEAK in human vascular smooth muscle cells (h-VSMCs) calcification in vitro. We report that TWEAK binding to Fn14 promotes inorganic phosphate-induced h-VSMCs calcification, favors h-VSMCs osteogenic transition, decreasing acta2 and myh11 and increasing bmp2 mRNA and tissue non-specific alkaline phosphatase (TNAP), and increases MMP9 activity. Blockade of the canonical NFκB pathway reduced by 80% TWEAK pro-calcific properties and decreased osteogenic transition, TNAP and MMP9 activity. Blockade of non-canonical NFκB signaling by a siRNA targeting RelB reduced by 20% TWEAK pro-calcific effects and decreased TWEAK-induced loss of h-VSMCs contractile phenotype and MMP9 activity, without modulating bmp2 mRNA or TNAP activity. Inhibition of ERK1/2 activation by a MAPK kinase inhibitor did not influence TWEAK pro-calcific properties. Our results suggest that TWEAK/Fn14 directly favors inorganic phosphate-induced h-VSMCs calcification by activation of both canonical and non-canonical NFκB pathways. Given the availability of neutralizing anti-TWEAK strategies, our study sheds light on the TWEAK/Fn14 axis as a novel therapeutic target in the prevention of VC.
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Cheng H, Xu M, Liu X, Zou X, Zhan N, Xia Y. TWEAK/Fn14 activation induces keratinocyte proliferation under psoriatic inflammation. Exp Dermatol 2015; 25:32-7. [PMID: 26264384 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Department of Medicine; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Meifeng Xu
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Dermatology; The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University; Changzhou China
| | - Xiaoyan Zou
- Department of Dermatology; Hubei Maternity and Child Health Hospital; Wuhan China
| | - Na Zhan
- Department of Pathology; Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University; Wuhan China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology; The Second Affiliated Hospital; School of Medicine; Xi'an Jiaotong University; Xi'an China
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Eschricht S, Jarr KU, Kuhn C, Lehmann L, Kreusser M, Katus HA, Frey N, Chorianopoulos E. Heat-shock-protein 90 protects from downregulation of HIF-1α in calcineurin-induced myocardial hypertrophy. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 85:117-26. [PMID: 26031702 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY Capillary/myocyte mismatch is a hallmark of maladaptive myocardial hypertrophy, but the exact mechanisms of this phenomenon remain unknown. We therefore aimed to evaluate the role of calcineurin A in the regulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) in a calcineurin overexpressing mouse model of myocardial hypertrophy. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice overexpressing calcineurin A (CnATg) showed persistent upregulation of HIF-1 alpha protein without evidence of a reduction in capillary density despite progressive myocardial hypertrophy. Likewise, overexpression of calcineurin A in isolated cardiomyocytes induced upregulation of HIF-1 alpha protein. In contrast, NFAT-overexpression had no such effect, implying that NFAT-independent mechanisms were responsible for increased HIF-1 alpha levels. In addition, inhibition of HSP90 via the HSP90-inhibitor 17-AAG or siRNA abolished calcineurin A-induced upregulation of HIF-1 alpha. Consequently, upregulation of HIF-1 alpha target genes like VEGF-A, BNIP-3 or PGK-1 was also inhibited by either 17-AAG or siRNA directed against HSP90. Finally, when CnATg mice were treated with 17-AAG, they demonstrated reduced left ventricular function and capillary density. CONCLUSIONS We describe here for the first time that overexpression of the phosphatase calcineurin A prevents the development of a capillary/myocyte mismatch despite progressive myocardial hypertrophy. This effect was mediated by HSP-90 induced stabilization of HIF-1 alpha. Further work is needed to understand this unexpected cardioprotective effect of calcineurin A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Eschricht
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Jarr
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christian Kuhn
- Dept. of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Lorenz Lehmann
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Kreusser
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A Katus
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Norbert Frey
- Dept. of Cardiology and Angiology, University of Kiel, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Emmanuel Chorianopoulos
- Dept. of Cardiology, Angiology and Pulmology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Raue U, Jemiolo B, Yang Y, Trappe S. TWEAK-Fn14 pathway activation after exercise in human skeletal muscle: insights from two exercise modes and a time course investigation. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2014; 118:569-78. [PMID: 25539934 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00759.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell surface receptor Fn14/TWEAKR was recently reported by our laboratory to be a prominent marker in the resistance exercise (RE) induced Transcriptome. The purpose of the present study was to extend our Transcriptome findings and investigate the gene and protein expression time course of markers in the TWEAK-Fn14 pathway following RE or run exercise (RUN). Vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were obtained from 6 RE subjects [25 ± 4 yr, 1-repetition maximum (RM): 99 ± 27 kg] pre- and 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h post RE (3 × 10 at 70% 1-RM). Lateral gastrocnemius biopsies were obtained from 6 RUN subjects [25 ± 4 yr, maximum oxygen uptake (V̇O2max): 63 ± 8 ml·kg(-1)·min(-1)] pre- and 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after a 30-min RUN (75% V̇O2max). After RE, Fn14 gene and protein expression were induced (P < 0.05) and peaked at 8 and 12 h, respectively. Downstream markers analyzed showed evidence of TWEAK-Fn14 signaling through the alternative NF-κB pathway after RE. After RUN, Fn14 gene expression was induced (P < 0.05) to a much lesser extent and peaked at 24 h. Fn14 protein expression was only measurable on a sporadic basis, and there was weak evidence of alternative NF-κB pathway signaling after RUN. TWEAK gene and protein expression were not influenced by either exercise mode. These are the first human data to show a transient activation of the TWEAK-Fn14 axis in the recovery from exercise, and our data suggest the level of activation is exercise mode dependent. Furthermore, our collective data support a myogenic role for TWEAK-Fn14 through the alternative NF-κB pathway in human skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Raue
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Bozena Jemiolo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Yifan Yang
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
| | - Scott Trappe
- Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana
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de Plater L, Vincent-Salomon A, Berger F, Nicolas A, Vacher S, Gravier E, Thuleau A, Karboul N, Richardson M, Elbaz C, Marangoni E, Bièche I, Paoletti X, Roman-Roman S, Culp PA, Asselain B, Diéras V, Decaudin D. Predictive gene signature of response to the anti-TweakR mAb PDL192 in patient-derived breast cancer xenografts. PLoS One 2014; 9:e104227. [PMID: 25375638 PMCID: PMC4222831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0104227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose (1) To determine TweakR expression in human breast cancers (BC), (2) evaluate the antitumor effect of the anti-TweakR antibody PDL192, used alone or after chemotherapy-induced complete remission (CR), on patient-derived BC xenografts (PDX) and (3) define predictive markers of response. Experimental Design TweakR expression was analyzed by IHC on patients and PDXs BC samples. In vivo antitumor effect of PDL192 was evaluated on eight TweakR-positive BC PDXs alone or after complete remission induced by a combination of doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide. Using both responding and resistant PDX tumors after PDL192 administration, RT-QPCR were performed on a wide list of selected candidate genes to identify predictive markers of response. Results TweakR protein was expressed in about half of human BC samples. In vivo PDL192 treatment had significantly anti-tumor activity in 4 of 8 TweakR-positive BC PDXs, but no correlation between the expression level of the Tweak receptor and response to therapy was observed. PDL192 also significantly delayed tumor relapse after CR. Finally, an 8 gene signature was defined from sensitive and resistant PDXs. Conclusions PDL192 was highly efficient in some BC PDXs. We found 8 genes that were differentially expressed in responding and resistant tumors and could constitute a gene expression signature which would need to be extended to other xenograft models for confirmation. These data confirm the therapeutic potential of TweakR targeting in BC and the possibility of prospectively selecting patients who might benefit from therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludmilla de Plater
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Frédérique Berger
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | - André Nicolas
- Department of Tumor Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Vacher
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Aurélie Thuleau
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Narjesse Karboul
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Clément Elbaz
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Elisabetta Marangoni
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Ivan Bièche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Paoletti
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | | | - Patricia A. Culp
- AbbVie Biotherapeutics, Redwood City, California, United States of America
| | - Bernard Asselain
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- INSERM U900, Paris, France
| | | | - Didier Decaudin
- Laboratory of preclinical investigation, Translational Research Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- Department of Oncogenetic, Institut Curie, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Electro-acupuncture at Neiguan pretreatment alters genome-wide gene expressions and protects rat myocardium against ischemia-reperfusion. Molecules 2014; 19:16158-78. [PMID: 25302705 PMCID: PMC6271995 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191016158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated genome-wide gene expressions and the cardioprotective effects of electro-acupuncture pretreatment at the PC6 Neiguan acupoint on myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. Male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation (SO), I/R, electro-acupuncture at the PC6 Neiguan acupoint pretreatment (EA) and electro-acupuncture at non-acupoint pretreatment (NA). Compared with the I/R group, the survival rate of the EA group was significantly increased, the arrhythmia score, infarction area, serum concentrations of CK, LDH and CK-Mb and plasma level of cTnT were significantly decreased. RNA-seq results showed that 725 genes were up-regulated and 861 genes were down-regulated under I/R conditions compared to the SO group; both EA and NA reversed some of these gene expression levels (592 in EA and 238 in NA group). KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these genes were involved in multiple pathways, including ECM, MAPK signaling, apoptosis, cytokine and leukocyte pathways. In addition, some pathways were uniquely regulated by EA, but not NA pretreatment, such as oxidative stress, cardiac muscle contraction, gap junction, vascular smooth muscle contraction, hypertrophic, NOD-like receptor, and P53 and B-cell receptor pathways. This study was first to reveal the gene expression signatures of acute myocardial I/R injury and electro-acupuncture pretreatment in rats.
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Wajant H. The TWEAK-Fn14 system as a potential drug target. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 170:748-64. [PMID: 23957828 DOI: 10.1111/bph.12337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) is a member of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family that is induced in a variety of cell types in situations of tissue injury. Fn14 becomes activated by TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), a typical member of the TNF ligand family. TWEAK is constitutively expressed by monocytes and some tumour cell lines and also shows cytokine inducible expression in various other cell types. Fn14 activation results in stimulation of signalling pathways culminating in the activation of NFκB transcription factors and various MAPKs but might also trigger the PI3K/Akt pathway and GTPases of the Rho family. In accordance with its tissue damage-associated expression pattern and its pleiotropic proinflammatory signalling capabilities, the TWEAK-Fn14 system has been implicated in a huge number of pathologies. The use of TWEAK- and Fn14-knockout mice identified the TWEAK-Fn14 system as a crucial player in muscle atrophy, cerebral ischaemia, kidney injury, atherosclerosis and infarction as well as in various autoimmune scenarios including experimental autoimmune encephalitis, rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease. Moreover, there is increasing preclinical evidence that Fn14 targeting is a useful option in tumour therapy. Based on a discussion of the signalling capabilities of TWEAK and Fn14, this review is focused on two major issues. On the one hand, on the molecular and cellular basis of the TWEAK/Fn14-related pathological outcomes in the aforementioned diseases and on the other hand, on the preclinical experience that have been made so far with TWEAK and Fn14 targeting drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Interaction between AT1 receptor and NF-κB in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus contributes to oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation by modulating neurotransmitters in heart failure. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2014; 13:381-90. [PMID: 23877628 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-013-9219-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1-R) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) play important roles in heart failure (HF); however, the central mechanisms by which AT1-R and NF-κB contribute to sympathoexcitation in HF are yet unclear. In this study, we determined whether interaction between AT1-R and NF-κB in the PVN modulates neurotransmitters and contributes to NAD(P)H oxidase-dependent oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation in HF. Rats were implanted with bilateral PVN cannulae and subjected to coronary artery ligation or sham surgery (SHAM). Subsequently, animals were treated for 4 weeks through bilateral PVN infusion with either vehicle or losartan (LOS, 10 μg/h), an AT1-R antagonist; or pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 5 μg/h), a NF-κB inhibitor via osmotic minipump. Myocardial infarction (MI) rats had higher levels of glutamate (Glu), norepinephrine (NE) and NF-κB p65 activity, lower levels of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and more positive neurons for phosphorylated IKKβ and gp91(phox) (a subunit of NAD(P)H oxidase) in the PVN when compared to SHAM rats. MI rats also had higher levels of renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) and plasma proinflammatory cytokines (PICs), NE and epinephrine. PVN infusions of LOS or PDTC attenuated the decreases in GABA and the increases in gp91(phox), NF-κB activity, Glu and NE, in the PVN of HF rats. PVN infusions of LOS or PDTC also attenuated the increases in RSNA and plasma PICs, NE and epinephrine in MI rats. These findings suggest that interaction between AT1 receptor and NF-κB in the PVN contributes to oxidative stress and sympathoexcitation by modulating neurotransmitters in heart failure.
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Inter- not intraindividual differences in sTWEAK levels predict functional deterioration and mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:576482. [PMID: 25089077 PMCID: PMC4095998 DOI: 10.1155/2014/576482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has been reported to predict mortality in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. However, whether it can be used as a biomarker for disease monitoring or rather represents a risk factor for disease progression remains unclear. Aim of the Study. To evaluate the potential of sTWEAK as a biomarker in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Results. We conducted a serial study of sTWEAK levels in 78 patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Soluble TWEAK levels predicted not only a combined mortality/heart transplantation endpoint after 4 years (P = 0.0001), but also the risk for clinical deterioration (P = 0.0001). Compared to NT-proBNP, sTWEAK remained relatively stable in individual patients on follow-up indicating that inter- rather than intraindividual differences in sTWEAK levels predicted outcome. Finally, neither did the scavenger receptor sCD163 correlate with sTWEAK levels nor did its determination add additional information on outcome in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. Conclusion. Soluble TWEAK levels in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy may not be of value for disease monitoring but may represent a risk factor for disease progression and death. Further research will be necessary to elucidate the exact role of sTWEAK as a potential modulator of immune response in the setting of dilated cardiomyopathy.
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Abstract
Rho kinase (ROCK) is a major downstream effector of the small GTPase RhoA. ROCK family, consisting of ROCK1 and ROCK2, plays central roles in the organization of actin cytoskeleton and is involved in a wide range of fundamental cellular functions, such as contraction, adhesion, migration, proliferation, and apoptosis. Due to the discovery of effective inhibitors, such as fasudil and Y27632, the biological roles of ROCK have been extensively explored with particular attention on the cardiovascular system. In many preclinical models of cardiovascular diseases, including vasospasm, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and heart failure, ROCK inhibitors have shown a remarkable efficacy in reducing vascular smooth muscle cell hypercontraction, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory cell recruitment, vascular remodeling, and cardiac remodeling. Moreover, fasudil has been used in the clinical trials of several cardiovascular diseases. The continuing utilization of available pharmacological inhibitors and the development of more potent or isoform-selective inhibitors in ROCK signaling research and in treating human diseases are escalating. In this review, we discuss the recent molecular, cellular, animal, and clinical studies with a focus on the current understanding of ROCK signaling in cardiovascular physiology and diseases. We particularly note that emerging evidence suggests that selective targeting ROCK isoform based on the disease pathophysiology may represent a novel therapeutic approach for the disease treatment including cardiovascular diseases.
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Novoyatleva T, Sajjad A, Pogoryelov D, Patra C, Schermuly RT, Engel FB. FGF1-mediated cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry depends on the interaction of FGFR-1 and Fn14. FASEB J 2014; 28:2492-503. [PMID: 24571920 DOI: 10.1096/fj.13-243576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) signal through FGF receptors (FGFRs) mediating a broad range of cellular functions during embryonic development, as well as disease and regeneration during adulthood. Thus, it is important to understand the underlying molecular mechanisms that modulate this system. Here, we show that FGFR-1 can interact with the TNF receptor superfamily member fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) resulting in cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry. FGF1-induced cell cycle reentry in neonatal cardiomyocytes could be blocked by Fn14 inhibition, while TWEAK-induced cell cycle activation was inhibited by blocking FGFR-1 signaling. In addition, costimulation experiments revealed a synergistic effect of FGF1 and TWEAK in regard to cardiomyocyte cell cycle induction via PI3K/Akt signaling. Overexpression of Fn14 with either FGFR-1 long [FGFR-1(L)] or FGFR-1 short [FGFR-1(S)] isoforms resulted after FGF1/TWEAK stimulation in cell cycle reentry of >40% adult cardiomyocytes. Finally, coimmunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays indicated that endogenous FGFR-1 and Fn14 interact with each other in cardiomyocytes. This interaction was strongly enhanced in the presence of their corresponding ligands, FGF1 and TWEAK. Taken together, our data suggest that FGFR-1/Fn14 interaction may represent a novel endogenous mechanism to modulate the action of these receptors and their ligands and to control cardiomyocyte cell cycle reentry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany;
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Denys Pogoryelov
- Membrane Transport Machineries Group, Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt-Macromolecular Complexes, Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Chinmoy Patra
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Ralph T Schermuly
- Department of Pulmonary Pharmacotherapy, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany; and
| | - Felix B Engel
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany; Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis aggravates left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction in mice. Mediators Inflamm 2014; 2014:131950. [PMID: 24692845 PMCID: PMC3945977 DOI: 10.1155/2014/131950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Revised: 12/27/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) has recently been shown to be potentially involved in adverse cardiac remodeling. However, neither the exact role of TWEAK itself nor of its receptor Fn14 in this setting is known. Aim of the Study. To analyze the effects of sTWEAK on myocardial function and gene expression in response to experimental myocardial infarction in mice. Results. TWEAK directly suppressed the expression of PGC-1α and genes of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in cardiomyocytes. Systemic sTWEAK application after MI resulted in reduced left ventricular function and increased mortality without changes in interstitial fibrosis or infarct size. Molecular analysis revealed decreased phosphorylation of PI3K/Akt and ERK1/2 pathways associated with reduced expression of PGC-1α and PPARα. Likewise, expression of OXPHOS genes such as atp5O, cycs, cox5b, and ndufb5 was also reduced. Fn14 −/− mice showed significantly improved left ventricular function and PGC-1α levels after MI compared to their respective WT littermates (Fn14 +/+). Finally, inhibition of intrinsic TWEAK with anti-TWEAK antibodies resulted in improved left ventricular function and survival. Conclusions. TWEAK exerted maladaptive effects in mice after myocardial infarction most likely via direct effects on cardiomyocytes. Analysis of the potential mechanisms revealed that TWEAK reduced metabolic adaptations to increased cardiac workload by inhibition of PGC-1α.
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Novoyatleva T, Sajjad A, Engel FB. TWEAK-Fn14 Cytokine-Receptor Axis: A New Player of Myocardial Remodeling and Cardiac Failure. Front Immunol 2014; 5:50. [PMID: 24611063 PMCID: PMC3920183 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2013] [Accepted: 01/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has been firmly established as a pathogenic factor in heart failure, a significant socio-economic burden. In this review, we will explore the role of other members of the TNF/TNF receptor superfamily (TNFSF/TNFRSF) in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) focusing on TWEAK and its receptor Fn14, new players in myocardial remodeling and heart failure. The TWEAK/Fn14 pathway controls a variety of cellular activities such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis and has diverse biological functions in pathological mechanisms like inflammation and fibrosis that are associated with CVDs. Furthermore, it has recently been shown that the TWEAK/Fn14 axis is a positive regulator of cardiac hypertrophy and that deletion of Fn14 receptor protects from right heart fibrosis and dysfunction. We discuss the potential use of the TWEAK/Fn14 axis as biomarker for CVDs as well as therapeutic target for future treatment of human heart failure based on supporting data from animal models and in vitro studies. Collectively, existing data strongly suggest the TWEAK/Fn14 axis as a potential new therapeutic target for achieving cardiac protection in patients with CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany
| | - Amna Sajjad
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research , Bad Nauheim , Germany ; Government College University Faisalabad , Faisalabad , Pakistan
| | - Felix B Engel
- Department of Nephropathology, Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg , Erlangen , Germany
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Blanco-Colio LM. TWEAK/Fn14 Axis: A Promising Target for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:3. [PMID: 24478772 PMCID: PMC3895871 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the first cause of mortality in Western countries. CVD include several pathologies such as coronary heart disease, stroke or cerebrovascular accident, congestive heart failure, peripheral arterial disease, and aortic aneurysm, among others. Interaction between members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily and their receptors elicits several biological actions that could participate in CVD. TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its functional receptor and fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) are two proteins belonging to the TNF superfamily that activate NF-κB by both canonical and non-canonical pathways and regulate several cell functions such as proliferation, migration, differentiation, cell death, inflammation, and angiogenesis. TWEAK/Fn14 axis plays a beneficial role in tissue repair after acute injury. However, persistent TWEAK/Fn14 activation mediated by blocking experiments or overexpression experiments in animal models has shown an important role of this axis in the pathological remodeling underlying CVD. In this review, we summarize the role of TWEAK/Fn14 pathway in the development of CVD, focusing on atherosclerosis and stroke and the molecular mechanisms by which TWEAK/Fn14 interaction participates in these pathologies. We also review the role of the soluble form of TWEAK as a biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of CVD. Finally, we highlight the results obtained with other members of the TNF superfamily that also activate canonical and non-canonical NF-κB pathway.
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Pachel C, Mathes D, Bayer B, Dienesch C, Wangorsch G, Heitzmann W, Lang I, Ardehali H, Ertl G, Dandekar T, Wajant H, Frantz S. Exogenous administration of a recombinant variant of TWEAK impairs healing after myocardial infarction by aggravation of inflammation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e78938. [PMID: 24244389 PMCID: PMC3823964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (Fn14) are upregulated after myocardial infarction (MI) in both humans and mice. They modulate inflammation and the extracellular matrix, and could therefore be important for healing and remodeling after MI. However, the function of TWEAK after MI remains poorly defined. METHODS AND RESULTS Following ligation of the left coronary artery, mice were injected twice per week with a recombinant human serum albumin conjugated variant of TWEAK (HSA-Flag-TWEAK), mimicking the activity of soluble TWEAK. Treatment with HSA-Flag-TWEAK resulted in significantly increased mortality in comparison to the placebo group due to myocardial rupture. Infarct size, extracellular matrix remodeling, and apoptosis rates were not different after MI. However, HSA-Flag-TWEAK treatment increased infiltration of proinflammatory cells into the myocardium. Accordingly, depletion of neutrophils prevented cardiac ruptures without modulating all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION Treatment of mice with HSA-Flag-TWEAK induces myocardial healing defects after experimental MI. This is mediated by an exaggerated neutrophil infiltration into the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Pachel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Denise Mathes
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Barbara Bayer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Charlotte Dienesch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gaby Wangorsch
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Wolfram Heitzmann
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabell Lang
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Hossein Ardehali
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Georg Ertl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dandekar
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Harald Wajant
- Division of Molecular Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Burghardt T, Kastner J, Suleiman H, Rivera-Milla E, Stepanova N, Lottaz C, Kubitza M, Böger CA, Schmidt S, Gorski M, de Vries U, Schmidt H, Hertting I, Kopp J, Rascle A, Moser M, Heid IM, Warth R, Spang R, Wegener J, Mierke CT, Englert C, Witzgall R. LMX1B is essential for the maintenance of differentiated podocytes in adult kidneys. J Am Soc Nephrol 2013; 24:1830-48. [PMID: 23990680 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2012080788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations of the LMX1B gene cause nail-patella syndrome, a rare autosomal-dominant disorder affecting the development of the limbs, eyes, brain, and kidneys. The characterization of conventional Lmx1b knockout mice has shown that LMX1B regulates the development of podocyte foot processes and slit diaphragms, but studies using podocyte-specific Lmx1b knockout mice have yielded conflicting results regarding the importance of LMX1B for maintaining podocyte structures. In order to address this question, we generated inducible podocyte-specific Lmx1b knockout mice. One week of Lmx1b inactivation in adult mice resulted in proteinuria with only minimal foot process effacement. Notably, expression levels of slit diaphragm and basement membrane proteins remained stable at this time point, and basement membrane charge properties also did not change, suggesting that alternative mechanisms mediate the development of proteinuria in these mice. Cell biological and biophysical experiments with primary podocytes isolated after 1 week of Lmx1b inactivation indicated dysregulation of actin cytoskeleton organization, and time-resolved DNA microarray analysis identified the genes encoding actin cytoskeleton-associated proteins, including Abra and Arl4c, as putative LMX1B targets. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments in conditionally immortalized human podocytes and gel shift assays showed that LMX1B recognizes AT-rich binding sites (FLAT elements) in the promoter regions of ABRA and ARL4C, and knockdown experiments in zebrafish support a model in which LMX1B and ABRA act in a common pathway during pronephros development. Our report establishes the importance of LMX1B in fully differentiated podocytes and argues that LMX1B is essential for the maintenance of an appropriately structured actin cytoskeleton in podocytes.
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Chilukoti RK, Mostertz J, Bukowska A, Aderkast C, Felix SB, Busch M, Völker U, Goette A, Wolke C, Homuth G, Lendeckel U. Effects of irbesartan on gene expression revealed by transcriptome analysis of left atrial tissue in a porcine model of acute rapid pacing in vivo. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:2100-8. [PMID: 23414741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by electrical and structural remodeling of the atria with atrial fibrosis being one hallmark. Angiotensin II (AngII) is a major contributing factor and blockage of its type I receptor (AT1R) prevents remodeling to some extent. Here we explored the effects of the AT1R antagonist irbesartan on global gene expression and profibrotic signaling pathways after induction of rapid atrial pacing (RAP) in vivo in pigs. METHODS AND RESULTS Microarray-based RNA profiling was used to screen left atrial (LA) tissue specimens for differences in atrial gene expression in a model of acute RAP. RAP caused an overall expression profile that reflected AngII-induced ROS production, tissue remodeling, and energy depletion. Of special note, the mRNA levels of EDN1, SGK1, and CTGF encoding pro-endothelin, stress- and glucocorticoid activated kinase-1, and of connective tissue growth factor were identified to be significantly increased after 7h of rapid pacing. These specific expression changes were additionally validated by RT-qPCR or immunoblot analyses in LA, RA, and partly in LV samples. All RAP-induced differential gene expression patterns were partially attenuated in the presence of irbesartan. Similar results were obtained after RAP of HL-1 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Furthermore, exogenously added endothelin-1 (ET1) induced CTGF expression concomitant to the transcriptional activation of SGK1 in HL-1 cells. CONCLUSIONS RAP provokes substantial changes in atrial and ventricular myocardial gene expression that could be partly reversed by irbesartan. ET1 contributes to AF-dependent atrial fibrosis by synergistic activity with AngII to stimulate SGK1 expression and enhance phosphorylation of the SGK1 protein which, in turn, induces CTGF. The latter has been consistently associated with tissue fibrosis. These findings suggest ETR antagonists as being beneficial in AF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Chilukoti
- University Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Greifswald, Germany
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Novoyatleva T, Schymura Y, Janssen W, Strobl F, Swiercz JM, Patra C, Posern G, Wietelmann A, Zheng TS, Schermuly RT, Engel FB. Deletion of Fn14 receptor protects from right heart fibrosis and dysfunction. Basic Res Cardiol 2013; 108:325. [PMID: 23325387 PMCID: PMC3597271 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-012-0325-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Revised: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a fatal disease for which no cure is yet available. The leading cause of death in PAH is right ventricular (RV) failure. Previously, the TNF receptor superfamily member fibroblast growth factor-inducible molecule 14 (Fn14) has been associated with different fibrotic diseases. However, so far there is no study demonstrating a causal role for endogenous Fn14 signaling in RV or LV heart disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether global ablation of Fn14 prevents RV fibrosis and remodeling improving heart function. Here, we provide evidence for a causative role of Fn14 in pulmonary artery banding (PAB)-induced RV fibrosis and dysfunction in mice. Fn14 expression was increased in the RV after PAB. Mice lacking Fn14 (Fn14−/−) displayed substantially reduced RV fibrosis and dysfunction following PAB compared to wild-type littermates. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that activation of Fn14 induces collagen expression via RhoA-dependent nuclear translocation of myocardin-related transcription factor-A (MRTF-A)/MAL. Furthermore, activation of Fn14 in vitro caused fibroblast proliferation and myofibroblast differentiation, which corresponds to suppression of PAB-induced RV fibrosis in Fn14−/− mice. Moreover, our findings suggest that Fn14 expression is regulated by endothelin-1 (ET-1) in cardiac fibroblasts. We conclude that Fn14 is an endogenous key regulator in cardiac fibrosis and suggest this receptor as potential new target for therapeutic interventions in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana Novoyatleva
- Department of Cardiac Development and Remodelling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Mustonen E, Ruskoaho H, Rysä J. Thrombospondin-4, tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor Fn14: novel extracellular matrix modulating factors in cardiac remodelling. Ann Med 2012; 44:793-804. [PMID: 22380695 DOI: 10.3109/07853890.2011.614635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodelling is defined as changes in the size, shape, and function of the heart, which are most commonly caused by hypertension-induced left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial infarction. Both neurohumoral and inflammatory factors have critical roles in the regulation of cardiac remodelling. A characteristic feature of cardiac remodelling is modification of the extracellular matrix (ECM), often manifested by fibrosis, a process that has vital consequences for the structure and function of the myocardium. In addition to established modulators of the ECM, the matricellular protein thrombospondin-4 (TSP-4) as well as the tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK) and its receptor Fn14 has been recently shown to modulate cardiac ECM. TSP-4 null mice develop pronounced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis with defects in collagen maturation in response to pressure overload. TWEAK and Fn14 belong to the tumour necrosis factor superfamily of proinflammatory cytokines. Recently it was shown that elevated levels of circulating TWEAK via Fn14 critically affect the cardiac ECM, characterized by increasing fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in mice. Here we review the literature concerning the role of matricellular proteins and inflammation in cardiac ECM remodelling, with a special focus on TSP-4, TWEAK, and its receptor Fn14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erja Mustonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Chao DT, Su M, Tanlimco S, Sho M, Choi D, Fox M, Ye S, Hsi ED, Durkin L, Yin J, Zhang Y, Kim H, Starling GC, Culp PA. Expression of TweakR in breast cancer and preclinical activity of enavatuzumab, a humanized anti-TweakR mAb. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2012; 139:315-25. [PMID: 23073510 PMCID: PMC3549414 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-012-1332-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The receptor for the cytokine TWEAK (TweakR) is a cell surface member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily with diverse biological roles. TNFRSF family members are appealing therapeutic targets in oncology due to their aberrant expression and function in tumor cells. The goal of the current study was to examine the potential of TweakR as a therapeutic target in breast cancer. Methods Expression of TweakR in primary breast cancer tissues and metastases was characterized using immunohistochemistry. To determine the functional relevance of TweakR, breast cancer cell lines were treated in vitro and in vivo with enavatuzumab, a humanized mAb against TweakR. Results Overexpression of TweakR was observed in infiltrating tumors compared to normal adjacent breast tissues, and strong staining of TweakR was observed in all subtypes of invasive ductal breast cancer. In addition, a positive correlation of TweakR and HER2 expression and co-localization were observed, irrespective of ER status. TweakR expression was also observed in bone metastasis samples from primary breast cancer but rarely in benign tumors. Enavatuzumab inhibited the in vitro growth of TweakR-expressing breast cancer cell lines, and this activity was augmented by cross-linking the mAb. In addition, enavatuzumab significantly inhibited the in vivo growth of multiple breast cancer xenograft models including a model of metastasis. Conclusions TweakR is highly expressed in all subtypes of invasive ductal breast cancer, and enavatuzumab administration exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of primary tumor growth and lung metastasis and enhanced the antitumor activity of several chemotherapy agents currently used to treat breast cancer. These data provide the rationale to evaluate enavatuzumab as a potential therapy for the treatment of breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00432-012-1332-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra T Chao
- Discovery, GPRD, Abbott Biotherapeutics, 1500 Seaport Blvd, Redwood City, CA 94063, USA.
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