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Zhu M, Guo Z, Xu H, Li X, Chen H, Cao R, Lv Y. Aminoguanidine alleviates gout in goslings experimentally infected with goose astrovirus-2 by reducing kidney lesions. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103484. [PMID: 38306918 PMCID: PMC10847692 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Goose astrovirus (GAstV)-2, a novel pathogen identified in 2018, mainly causes visceral gout in goslings, leading to approximately 50% mortality. At present, no commercial veterinary products are available to prevent and treat the disease. Our previous studies showed that nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were markedly higher in the kidney and spleen of goslings infected with GAstV-2, but their effects during GAstV-2 infection remain unclear. In the present study, goslings were intraperitoneally injected with aminoguanidine (AG)-an iNOS inhibitor-to examine the role of NO during GAstV-2 infection. AG significantly decreased the serum NO concentration and iNOS mRNA expression in the kidney. Moreover, AG reduced the mortality, serum uric acid and creatinine content, and urate deposition in visceral organs and joints. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that AG reduced renal tubular cell necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration, glycogen deposition in glomerular mesangium, and interstitial fibrosis, suggesting alleviation of kidney lesions. Furthermore, AG decreased the expression of renal injury markers such as KIM-1 and desmin; inflammatory cytokine-related genes such as IL-1β, IL-8, and MMP-9; and autophagy-related genes and proteins such as LC3II, ATG5, and Beclin1. However, quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that treatment with AG did not affect the kidney and liver viral load. These findings suggest that AG decreases the mortality rate and kidney lesions in goslings infected with GAstV-2 through mechanisms associated with autophagy and inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production in the kidney but not with GAstV-2 replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zixuan Guo
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Haoran Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xinyang Li
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Hongbo Chen
- Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis of Fujian Province University, College of Life Science, Longyan University, Longyan, 364012, Fujian, China
| | - Ruibing Cao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yingjun Lv
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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2
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Zhan P, Sun W, Dong C, Liu X, Yang Y, Wang X, Xie Y, Gao C, Hu H, Shi B, Wang Z, Guo C, Yi F. Histone deacetylase 9 exacerbates podocyte injury in hyperhomocysteinemia through epigenetic repression of Klotho. Pharmacol Res 2023; 198:107009. [PMID: 37995896 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (hHcys) has been recognized as an important independent risk factor in the progression of end-stage renal disease and the development of cardiovascular complications related to end-stage renal disease, the mechanisms triggering pathogenic actions of hHcys are not fully understood. The present study was mainly designed to investigate the role of HDACs in renal injury induced by hHcys. Firstly, we identified the expression patterns of HDACs and found that, among zinc-dependent HDACs, HDAC9 was preferentially upregulated in the kidney from mice with hHcys. Deficiency or pharmacological inhibition of HDAC9 ameliorated renal injury in mice with hHcys. Moreover, podocyte-specific deletion of HDAC9 significantly attenuated podocyte injury and proteinuria. In vitro, gene silencing of HDAC9 attenuated podocyte injury by inhibiting apoptosis, reducing oxidative stress and maintaining the expressions of podocyte slit diaphragm proteins. Mechanically, we proved for the first time that HDAC9 reduced the acetylation level of H3K9 in the promoter of Klotho, then inhibited gene transcription of Klotho, finally aggravating podocyte injury in hHcys. In conclusion, our results indicated that targeting of HDAC9 might be an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of renal injury induced by hHcys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Wenjuan Sun
- Department of Obstetrics, the Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Chuanqiao Dong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaohan Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yujie Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Chengjiang Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Shandong Province, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Huili Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Molecular Medicine and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Benkang Shi
- Department of Urology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Chun Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Fan Yi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
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Zhang X, Xie H, Liu Z, Zhang J, Deng L, Wu Q, Duan Y, Wang F, Wu C, Zhu Q. HMGB 1 acetylation mediates trichloroethylene-induced immune kidney injury by facilitating endothelial cell-podocyte communication. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 259:115042. [PMID: 37216866 PMCID: PMC10250816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
More and more clinical evidence shows that occupational medicamentose-like dermatitis due to trichloroethylene (OMDT) patients often present immune kidney damage. However, the exact mechanisms of cell-to-cell transmission in TCE-induced immune kidney damage remain poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the role of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB 1) in glomerular endothelial cell-podocyte transmission. 17 OMDT patients and 34 controls were enrolled in this study. We observed that OMDT patients had renal function injury, endothelial cell activation and podocyte injury, and these indicators were associated with serum HMGB 1. To gain mechanistic insight, a TCE-sensitized BALB/c mouse model was established under the interventions of sirtuin 1 (SIRT 1) activator SRT 1720 (0.1 ml, 5 mg/kg) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) inhibitor FPS-ZM 1 (0.1 ml, 1.5 mg/kg). We identified HMGB 1 acetylation and its endothelial cytoplasmic translocation following TCE sensitization, but SRT 1720 abolished the process. RAGE was located on podocytes and co-precipitated with extracellular acetylated HMGB 1, promoting podocyte injury, while SRT 1720 and FPS-ZM 1 both alleviated podocyte injury. The results demonstrate that interventions to upstream and downstream pathways of HMGB 1 may weaken glomerular endothelial cell-podocyte transmission, thereby alleviating TCE-induced immune renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesong Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Haibo Xie
- Department of Nephropathy, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhibing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiaxiang Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Lihua Deng
- Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qifeng Wu
- Guangdong Province Hospital for Occupational Disease Prevention and Treatment, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuansheng Duan
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
| | - Qixing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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Placental Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alleviate Podocyte Injury in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Modulating Mitophagy via the SIRT1-PGC-1alpha-TFAM Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054696. [PMID: 36902127 PMCID: PMC10003373 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has become a new strategy for treating diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, the role of placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) in DKD remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic application and molecular mechanism of P-MSCs on DKD from the perspective of podocyte injury and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy at the animal, cellular, and molecular levels. Western blotting, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of podocyte injury-related markers and mitophagy-related markers, SIRT1, PGC-1α, and TFAM. Knockdown, overexpression, and rescue experiments were performed to verify the underlying mechanism of P-MSCs in DKD. Mitochondrial function was detected by flow cytometry. The structure of autophagosomes and mitochondria were observed by electron microscopy. Furthermore, we constructed a streptozotocin-induced DKD rat model and injected P-MSCs into DKD rats. Results showed that as compared with the control group, exposing podocytes to high-glucose conditions aggravated podocyte injury, represented by a decreased expression of Podocin along with increased expression of Desmin, and inhibited PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, manifested as a decreased expression of Beclin1, the LC3II/LC3I ratio, Parkin, and PINK1 associated with an increased expression of P62. Importantly, these indicators were reversed by P-MSCs. In addition, P-MSCs protected the structure and function of autophagosomes and mitochondria. P-MSCs increased mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content and decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species. Mechanistically, P-MSCs alleviated podocyte injury and mitophagy inhibition by enhancing the expression of the SIRT1-PGC-1α-TFAM pathway. Finally, we injected P-MSCs into streptozotocin-induced DKD rats. The results revealed that the application of P-MSCs largely reversed the markers related to podocyte injury and mitophagy and significantly increased the expression of SIRT1, PGC-1α, and TFAM compared with the DKD group. In conclusion, P-MSCs ameliorated podocyte injury and PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy inhibition in DKD by activating the SIRT1-PGC-1α-TFAM pathway.
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Basta M, Yassin HA, Aly RG, El Sayed NS. Possible protective effect of zinc administration on renal and cognitive changes occurring in uninephrectomized adult male Wistar rats. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:253-267. [PMID: 36420617 PMCID: PMC10103884 DOI: 10.1113/ep090735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
NEW FINDINGS What is the central question of this study? Are renal changes occurring post-nephrectomy accompanied by cognitive changes, and does early administration of zinc supplements such as ZnSO4 to uninephrectomized rats ameliorate the renal and cognitive changes if present? What is the main finding and its importance? Uninephrectomy-induced renal changes were accompanied by species-atypical behaviour in rats in both Morris water maze and T maze tests, together with hypozincaemia and hippocampal inflammatory and oxidative changes. Early zinc administration to uninephrectomized rats ameliorated the renal, behavioural, hippocampal and serum zinc changes. ABSTRACT Cognitive impairment is increasingly recognized as an important consequence of kidney disease in humans. Kidney donation is a safe procedure but is known to increase the long-term risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease. Whether kidney donation impairs cognitive function is not known. In the present study, we examined whether the renal changes occurring post-nephrectomy were accompanied by cognitive changes as well, and whether early administration of zinc supplements such as ZnSO4 to uninephrectomized (UNX) rats could ameliorate the renal and cognitive changes if present. The present study included 30 adult male Wistar rats that were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10 per group): sham-operated rats, UNX and UNX treated with ZnSO4 for 20 weeks. Before termination, rats were subjected to 24-h urine collection and behavioural testing with the Morris water maze and T maze tests. UNX induced significant proteinuria, renal functional, fibrotic and oxidative changes, as well as increased renal desmin expression. UNX rats also showed significant behavioural changes indicating spatial learning and memory affection, together with decreased hippocampal brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and antioxidant capacity, and increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nitric oxide and malondialdehyde. In addition, UNX induced significant hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia, as well as significant reduction in serum zinc, copper and selenium. Early administration of ZnSO4 starting 1 week post-nephrectomy significantly ameliorated renal and behavioural changes, as well as hippocampal oxidative, BDNF and GFAP changes. Additionally, Zn recovered serum changes of triglycerides, cholesterol, zinc and copper. Therefore, early administration of zinc to humans undergoing nephrectomy may be of benefit and should be considered in human trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Basta
- Department of Medical PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Hend A. Yassin
- Department of Medical BiochemistryFaculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Rania G. Aly
- Department of Medical PathologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt
| | - Norhan S. El Sayed
- Department of Medical PhysiologyFaculty of MedicineUniversity of AlexandriaAlexandriaEgypt
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6
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Denti V, Capitoli G, Piga I, Clerici F, Pagani L, Criscuolo L, Bindi G, Principi L, Chinello C, Paglia G, Magni F, Smith A. Spatial Multiomics of Lipids, N-Glycans, and Tryptic Peptides on a Single FFPE Tissue Section. J Proteome Res 2022; 21:2798-2809. [PMID: 36259755 PMCID: PMC9639202 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.2c00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Mass spectrometry
imaging (MSI) is an emerging technology
that
is capable of mapping various biomolecules within their native spatial
context, and performing spatial multiomics on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded
(FFPE) tissues may further increase the molecular characterization
of pathological states. Here we present a novel workflow which enables
the sequential MSI of lipids, N-glycans, and tryptic peptides on a
single FFPE tissue section and highlight the enhanced molecular characterization
that is offered by combining the multiple spatial omics data sets.
In murine brain and clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissue,
the three molecular levels provided complementary information and
characterized different histological regions. Moreover, when the spatial
omics data was integrated, the different histopathological regions
of the ccRCC tissue could be better discriminated with respect to
the imaging data set of any single omics class. Taken together, these
promising findings demonstrate the capability to more comprehensively
map the molecular complexity within pathological tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanna Denti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Giulia Capitoli
- Bicocca Bioinformatics Biostatistics and Bioimaging B4 Center, School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Isabella Piga
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Francesca Clerici
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Lisa Pagani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Criscuolo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Greta Bindi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Principi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Clizia Chinello
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paglia
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Fulvio Magni
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
| | - Andrew Smith
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Proteomics and Metabolomics Unit, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
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Baumgartner A, Reichelt-Wurm S, Gronwald W, Samol C, Schröder JA, Fellner C, Holler K, Steege A, Putz FJ, Oefner PJ, Banas B, Banas MC. Assessment of Physiological Rat Kidney Ageing—Implications for the Evaluation of Allograft Quality Prior to Renal Transplantation. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020162. [PMID: 35208236 PMCID: PMC8875225 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to organ shortage and rising life expectancy the age of organ donors and recipients is increasing. Reliable biomarkers of organ quality that predict successful long-term transplantation outcomes are poorly defined. The aim of this study was the identification of age-related markers of kidney function that might accurately reflect donor organ quality. Histomorphometric, biochemical and molecular parameters were measured in young (3-month-old) and old (24-month-old) male Sprague Dawley rats. In addition to conventional methods, we used urine metabolomics by NMR spectroscopy and gene expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR to identify markers of ageing relevant to allograft survival. Beside known markers of kidney ageing like albuminuria, changes in the concentration of urine metabolites such as trimethylamine-N-oxide, trigonelline, 2-oxoglutarate, citrate, hippurate, glutamine, acetoacetate, valine and 1-methyl-histidine were identified in association with ageing. In addition, expression of several genes of the toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, known for their implication in inflammaging, were upregulated in the kidneys of old rats. This study led to the identification of age-related markers of biological allograft age potentially relevant for allograft survival in the future. Among those, urine metabolites and markers of immunity and inflammation, which are highly relevant to immunosuppression in transplant recipients, are promising and deserve further investigation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Baumgartner
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Center-Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Simone Reichelt-Wurm
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.-W.); (W.G.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Wolfram Gronwald
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.S.); (P.J.O.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.-W.); (W.G.); (M.C.B.)
| | - Claudia Samol
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Josef A. Schröder
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Claudia Fellner
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Kathrin Holler
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Andreas Steege
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Franz Josef Putz
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Peter J. Oefner
- Institute of Functional Genomics, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (C.S.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Bernhard Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
| | - Miriam C. Banas
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (A.B.); (K.H.); (A.S.); (F.J.P.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: (S.R.-W.); (W.G.); (M.C.B.)
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8
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Hoogenboom LA, Lely AT, Kemp MW, Saito M, Jobe AH, Wolfs TGAM, Schreuder MF. Chorioamnionitis Causes Kidney Inflammation, Podocyte Damage, and Pro-fibrotic Changes in Fetal Lambs. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:796702. [PMID: 35444963 PMCID: PMC9013807 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.796702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal complications, such as prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction, are associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease. Although often associated with reduced nephron endowment, there is also evidence of increased susceptibility for sclerotic changes and podocyte alterations. Preterm birth is frequently associated with chorioamnionitis, though studies regarding the effect of chorioamnionitis on the kidney are scarce. In this study, we aim to unravel the consequences of premature birth and/or perinatal inflammation on kidney development using an ovine model. METHODS In a preterm sheep model, chorioamnionitis was induced by intra-amniotic injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at either 2, 8, or 15 days prior to delivery. Control animals received intra-amniotic injections of sterile saline. All lambs were surgically delivered at 125 days' gestation (full term is 150 days) and immediately euthanized for necropsy. Kidneys were harvested and processed for staining with myeloperoxidase (MPO), Wilms tumor-1 (WT1) and alpha-smooth muscle actine (aSMA). mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFA), Interleukin 10 (IL10), desmin (DES), Platelet derived growth factor beta (PDGFB), Platelet derived growth factor receptor beta (PDGFRB), synaptopodin (SYNPO), and transforming growth factor beta (TGFB) was measured using quantitative PCR. RESULTS Animals with extended (but not acute) LPS exposure had an inflammatory response in the kidney. MPO staining was significantly increased after 8 and 15 days (p = 0.003 and p = 0.008, respectively). Expression of TNFA (p = 0.016) and IL10 (p = 0.026) transcripts was increased, peaking on day 8 after LPS exposure. Glomerular aSMA and expression of TGFB was increased on day 8, suggesting pro-fibrotic mesangial activation, however, this was not confirmed with PDFGB or PDGFRB. The number of WT1 positive nuclei in the glomerulus, as well as expression of synaptopodin, decreased, indicating podocyte injury. CONCLUSION We report that, in an ovine model of prematurity, LPS-induced chorioamnionitis leads to inflammation of the immature kidney. In addition, this process was associated with podocyte injury and there are markers to support pro-fibrotic changes to the glomerular mesangium. These data suggest a potential important role for antenatal inflammation in the development of preterm-associated kidney disease, which is frequent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke A Hoogenboom
- Department of Pediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - A Titia Lely
- Department of Obstetrics, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Birth Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Matthew W Kemp
- Centre for Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Women and Infants Research Foundation, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masatoshi Saito
- Centre for Perinatal and Neonatal Medicine, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
| | - Alan H Jobe
- Division of Neonatology/Pulmonary Biology, The Perinatal Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tim G A M Wolfs
- Department of Pediatrics, School for Oncology and Developmental Biology (GROW), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Engineering (BMT), Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Michiel F Schreuder
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Radboudumc Amalia Children's Hospital, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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9
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Agarwal S, Sudhini YR, Polat OK, Reiser J, Altintas MM. Renal cell markers: lighthouses for managing renal diseases. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2021; 321:F715-F739. [PMID: 34632812 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00182.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidneys, one of the vital organs in our body, are responsible for maintaining whole body homeostasis. The complexity of renal function (e.g., filtration, reabsorption, fluid and electrolyte regulation, and urine production) demands diversity not only at the level of cell types but also in their overall distribution and structural framework within the kidney. To gain an in depth molecular-level understanding of the renal system, it is imperative to discern the components of kidney and the types of cells residing in each of the subregions. Recent developments in labeling, tracing, and imaging techniques have enabled us to mark, monitor, and identify these cells in vivo with high efficiency in a minimally invasive manner. In this review, we summarize different cell types, specific markers that are uniquely associated with those cell types, and their distribution in the kidney, which altogether make kidneys so special and different. Cellular sorting based on the presence of certain proteins on the cell surface allowed for the assignment of multiple markers for each cell type. However, different studies using different techniques have found contradictions in cell type-specific markers. Thus, the term "cell marker" might be imprecise and suboptimal, leading to uncertainty when interpreting the data. Therefore, we strongly believe that there is an unmet need to define the best cell markers for a cell type. Although the compendium of renal-selective marker proteins presented in this review is a resource that may be useful to researchers, we acknowledge that the list may not be necessarily exhaustive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivangi Agarwal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | - Onur K Polat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jochen Reiser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University, Chicago, Illinois
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10
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Epigenetic regulation of TXNIP-mediated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to SAHH inhibition-aggravated diabetic nephropathy. Redox Biol 2021; 45:102033. [PMID: 34119876 PMCID: PMC8209273 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) is hydrolyzed by SAH hydrolase (SAHH) to homocysteine and adenosine. Increased plasma SAH levels were associated with disturbed renal function in patients with diabetes. However, the role and mechanism of SAHH in diabetic nephropathy is still unknown. In the present study, we found that inhibition of SAHH by using its inhibitor adenosine dialdehyde (ADA) accumulates intracellular or plasma SAH levels and increases high glucose-induced podocyte injury and aggravates STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy, which is associated with Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation. Inhibition or knockout of NLRP3 attenuates SAHH inhibition-aggravated podocyte injury and diabetic nephropathy. Additionally, SAHH inhibition increases thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)-mediated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, but these effects were not observed in TXNIP knockout mice. Mechanistically, SAHH inhibition increased TXNIP by inhibiting histone methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and reduced trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 and its enrichment at promoter of early growth response 1 (EGR1). Moreover, EGR1 is activated and enriched at promoters of TXNIP by SAHH inhibition and is essential for SAHH inhibition-induced TXNIP expression. Inhibition of EGR1 protected against SAHH inhibition-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and oxidative stress and diabetic nephropathy. Finally, the harmful effects of SAHH inhibition on inflammation and oxidative stress and diabetic nephropathy were also observed in heterozygote SAHH knockout mice. These findings suggest that EZH2/EGR1/TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling cascade contributes to SAHH inhibition-aggravated diabetic nephropathy. Our study firstly provides a novel insight into the role and mechanism of SAHH inhibition in diabetic nephropathy. SAHH inhibition accumulates SAH levels and aggravates podocyte injury and diabetic nephropathy. SAHH inhibition induces TXNIP-mediated oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. SAHH inhibition increases TXNIP by inhibiting EZH2 and reducing H3K27me3 and its enrichment at promoter of EGR1. EGR1 is required for SAHH inhibition-induced TXNIP and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and diabetic nephropathy.
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11
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Martin WP, le Roux CW, Docherty NG. Impact of Metabolic Surgery on Renal Injury in Pre-Clinical Models of Diabetic Kidney Disease. Nephron Clin Pract 2020; 145:585-594. [PMID: 33264793 DOI: 10.1159/000511790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical approaches to the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes, most notably the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) procedure, have been shown to be renoprotective, reducing the incidence of albuminuria and end-stage kidney disease over 15- to 20-year follow-up in patients with obesity. The tissue level effects of metabolic surgery on the diabetic kidney are not easily interrogated in clinical samples. However, elucidation of the cellular and molecular basis for the renoprotective effects of metabolic surgery is now emerging from a body of pre-clinical work in rodent models of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). SUMMARY Experimental metabolic surgery (RYGB, sleeve gastrectomy [SG], Roux-en-Y oesophagojejunostomy, and duodenojejunal bypass) exerts a pronounced albuminuria-lowering effect in rat models of DKD. Following RYGB in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat, glomerular histology is improved as demonstrated by reductions in podocyte stress, glomerulomegaly, and glomerulosclerosis. Glomerular ultrastructure improves after RYGB and after SG, manifested by quantifiable reductions in podocyte foot process effacement. The transcriptional programme underpinning these structural improvements has been characterized at the pathway level using RNA sequencing and is associated with a significant reduction in the activation of inflammatory and fibrotic responses. Key Messages: Experimental metabolic surgery reduces biochemical, histological, and molecular indices of DKD. These pre-clinical data support a growing interest in the potential utility of metabolic surgery as a therapeutic approach to slow renal functional decline in patients with obesity and DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- William P Martin
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland,
| | - Carel W le Roux
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Division of Investigative Science, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Neil G Docherty
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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12
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Fujitaka K, Murakami T, Takeuchi M, Kakimoto T, Mochida H, Arakawa K. mRNAs in urinary nano-extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for non-invasive kidney biopsy. Biomed Rep 2020; 14:11. [PMID: 33235726 PMCID: PMC7678616 DOI: 10.3892/br.2020.1387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary nano-extracellular vesicles (NVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are considered potential biomarkers for kidney diseases using liquid biopsies. However, clinical application of urinary NVs has not yet been validated. In the present study, the levels of mRNAs in urinary NVs in animal models of kidney disease were assessed. Urine samples were collected from the animal models and urinary NVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation. Gene expression levels of kidney injury markers in urinary NVs and renal tissue were quantified by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The mRNA levels of desmin, a podocyte injury marker, in urinary NVs was markedly increased in the puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephritis model, in parallel with enhanced desmin expression in kidney tissues. The expression of regulator of calcineurin 1 and the podocin to nephrin ratio (PNR) were also increased in the PAN nephritis model. Treatment with prednisolone mitigated these changes in gene expression as well as proteinuria. PNR, which is considered a predictive marker of glomerular dysfunction, in urinary NVs was highly correlated with urinary protein excretion (P<0.01). Furthermore, PNR in urinary NVs of Zucker diabetic fatty rats, a diabetic kidney disease model, was correlated with urinary albumin excretion (P<0.01). These results suggest that changes in mRNA levels of urinary NVs reflect the disease status of kidney tissues and their functional alterations. Collectively, mRNA analysis of urinary NVs may be used as a liquid biopsy tool for improved classification and performance of risk prediction to determine the severity of kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Fujitaka
- Research Unit/Frontier, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan.,Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0005, Japan
| | - Taku Murakami
- Hitachi Chemical Co. America, Ltd., R&D Center, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Masato Takeuchi
- Medical Affairs Department, Ikuyaku Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Osaka 541-8505, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kakimoto
- Research Unit/Frontier, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Hideki Mochida
- Research Unit/Frontier, Sohyaku Innovative Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Fujisawa-shi, Kanagawa 251-8555, Japan
| | - Kenji Arakawa
- Medical Intelligence Department, Ikuyaku Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo 103-8405, Japan
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13
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Chen P, Chen Y, Jiang M, Mo Y, Ying H, Tang X, Zhang J. Usefulness of the cytokines expression of Th1/Th2/Th17 and urinary CD80 excretion in adult-onset minimal change disease. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9854. [PMID: 33194357 PMCID: PMC7485503 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Minimal change disease (MCD) is a common form of nephrotic syndrome in adults. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of MCD remains incompletely understood. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of the cytokines expression of Th1/Th2/Th17 and urinary CD80 excretion in adult-onset MCD patients. Methods The lymphocyte subsets, 34 cytokine levels of Th1/Th2/Th17, serum and urine concentrations of CD80, and expression of CD80 in glomeruli were analyzed in 28 cases (15 males and 13 females; average age: 34.1 years, age range: 18–56 years), including 10 patients with MCD in relapse, nine patients with MCD in remission and nine healthy controls. Results There was no significant difference of CD3+CD4+ cells proportion among patients with MCD in relapse, MCD in remission and healthy controls (P = 0.802). The cytokine levels of GM-CSF and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related activation-induced cytokine (TRANCE) in patients with MCD in relapse increased 1.5 times higher than those in remission. An evident increase in the excretion of urinary CD80 was found in patients with relapsed MCD compared with those in remission (598.4 ± 115.8 vs 81.78 ± 7.04 ng/g creatinine, P < 0.001) and healthy controls (598.4 ± 115.8 vs 67.44 ± 8.94 ng/g creatinine, P < 0.001). CD80 expression was observed in podocyte of MCD patient in relapse by immunofluorescence technique. Conclusions The cytokines GM-CSF and TRANCE are increased and the urinary CD80 levels are elevated in adult-onset MCD patients in relapse, indicating a disorder of Th1/Th2/Th17 balance and that the elevated excretion of CD80 may underlie the pathogenesis and development of adult-onset MCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Nephrology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Physical Examination, Ningbo First hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Maoqing Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yijun Mo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huanhuan Ying
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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14
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Fractalkine is Involved in Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Podocyte Injury through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway in an Acute Kidney Injury Mouse Model. Inflammation 2020; 42:1287-1300. [PMID: 30919150 PMCID: PMC6647365 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-019-00988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Injury to podocytes leads to proteinuria, a hallmark of most glomerular diseases as well as being associated with the progression of kidney disease. Activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway is associated with the pathogenesis of podocyte dysfunction and can play a role in renal injury. Furthermore, the expression of fractalkine (FKN) induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) is also one of crucial inflammation factors closely related to renal tissue damage. The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of LPS-induced FKN expression leading to podocyte injury and contribute to acute kidney injury (AKI) through regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. An AKI model was established for in vivo experiments and blood was collected for serum BUN and Cr measurement, and histopathological features of the kidneys were studied by PASM and IHC staining. For in vitro experiments, a mouse podocyte cell line was stimulated with different concentrations of LPS for 24 and 48 h after which podocyte viability and apoptosis of cells were evaluated. The expression of podocyte-specific markers, FKN and Wnt/β-catenin pathway mRNA and protein was detected in mice and cells by using qRT-PCR and western blotting. LPS induced the expression of FKN and activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, leading to a decrease of podocyte-specific proteins which resulted in poor renal pathology and dysfunction in the AKI mouse model. Moreover, LPS treatment significantly decreased cell viability and induced podocyte apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner that causes changes in the expression of podocyte-specific proteins through activation of FKN and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Thus, the expression of FKN and Wnt/β-catenin pathway by LPS is closely associated with podocyte damage or loss and could therefore account for progressive AKI. Our findings indicate that LPS induce podocyte injury and contribute to the pathogenesis of AKI by upregulating the expression of FKN and Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
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15
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Canney AL, Cohen RV, Elliott JA, M Aboud C, Martin WP, Docherty NG, le Roux CW. Improvements in diabetic albuminuria and podocyte differentiation following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2020; 17:1479164119879039. [PMID: 31726864 PMCID: PMC7510366 DOI: 10.1177/1479164119879039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple studies demonstrate an albuminuria-lowering impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, but neither evaluation of its penetrance across different baseline levels of albuminuria nor its association with alterations in podocyte phenotype has previously been reported. METHODS We profiled changes in body weight, glycaemic control and urinary albumin excretion following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in 105 patients with type 2 diabetes, albuminuria of varying degrees of severity and classified as being at moderate or high risk of chronic kidney disease progression according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes 2012 criteria. In parallel pre-clinical studies, the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery on markers of podocyte injury was assessed in the Zucker diabetic fatty rat model of diabetic kidney disease. RESULTS At 12- to 18-month post-operative follow-up in patients at moderate or high risk of chronic kidney disease, significant reductions in albuminuria were observed across all tertiles of baseline albumin-creatinine ratio, with remission of albuminuria occurring in 78% of patients. Relative to sham-operated control animals, weight loss and improvements in glycaemia following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery in Zucker diabetic fatty rats were paralleled by normalisation of glomerular tuft-size, reductions in podocyte expression of desmin, and preservation of podocyte foot process morphology. CONCLUSION Improvements in podocyte differentiation likely underpin the reductions in albuminuria observed following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoife L Canney
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Histopathology, Cytopathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Ricardo V Cohen
- The Centre for Obesity and Diabetes, Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jessie A Elliott
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cristina M Aboud
- The Centre for Obesity and Diabetes, Oswaldo Cruz German Hospital, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - William P Martin
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neil G Docherty
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Neil G Docherty, Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Carel W le Roux
- UCD Diabetes Complications Research Centre, UCD Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Investigative Science, Imperial College London, London, UK
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16
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Cerqueira DM, Hemker SL, Bodnar AJ, Ortiz DM, Oladipupo FO, Mukherjee E, Gong Z, Appolonia C, Muzumdar R, Sims-Lucas S, Ho J. In utero exposure to maternal diabetes impairs nephron progenitor differentiation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2019; 317:F1318-F1330. [PMID: 31509011 PMCID: PMC6879946 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00204.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of diabetes mellitus has significantly increased among women of childbearing age, and it has been shown that prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes increases the risk of associated congenital anomalies of the kidney. Congenital anomalies of the kidney are among the leading causes of chronic kidney disease in children. To better understand the effect of maternal diabetes on kidney development, we analyzed wild-type offspring (DM_Exp) of diabetic Ins2+/C96Y mice (Akita mice). DM_Exp mice at postnatal day 34 have a reduction of ~20% in the total nephron number compared with controls, using the gold standard physical dissector/fractionator method. At the molecular level, the expression of the nephron progenitor markers sine oculis homeobox homolog 2 and Cited1 was increased in DM_Exp kidneys at postnatal day 2. Conversely, the number of early developing nephrons was diminished in DM_Exp kidneys. This was associated with decreased expression of the intracellular domain of Notch1 and the canonical Wnt target lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1. Together, these data suggest that the diabetic intrauterine environment impairs the differentiation of nephron progenitors into nephrons, possibly by perturbing the Notch and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora M Cerqueira
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shelby L Hemker
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew J Bodnar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Daniella M Ortiz
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Favour O Oladipupo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elina Mukherjee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Zhenwei Gong
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Corynn Appolonia
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Radhika Muzumdar
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sunder Sims-Lucas
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline Ho
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Rangos Research Center, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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17
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Zhang D, Xu J, Ren J, Ding L, Shi G, Li D, Dou H, Hou Y. Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells Induce Podocyte Injury Through Increasing Reactive Oxygen Species in Lupus Nephritis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1443. [PMID: 29988544 PMCID: PMC6026681 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The expansion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) has been documented in murine models and patients with lupus nephritis (LN), but the exact role of MDSCs in this process remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated whether MDSCs are involved in the process of podocyte injury in the development of LN. In toll-like receptor-7 (TLR-7) agonist imiquimod-induced lupus mice, we found the severe podocyte injury in glomeruli of lupus mice and significant expansion of MDSCs in spleens and kidneys of lupus mice. The function of TLR-7 activated MDSCs was enhanced including the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the ROS production of MDSCs induced podocyte injury through activating the p-38MAPK and NF-kB signaling. Furthermore, we verified that podocyte injury was indeed correlated with expansion of MDSCs and their ROS secretion in LN of pristane-induced lupus mice. These findings first indicate that the podocyte injury in LN was associated with the increased MDSCs in kidney and MDSCs may be a promising therapeutic target of LN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongya Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liang Ding
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoping Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huan Dou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yayi Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Division of Immunology, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Nanjing, China
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18
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Caster DJ, Korte EA, Tan M, Barati MT, Tandon S, Creed TM, Salant DJ, Hata JL, Epstein PN, Huang H, Powell DW, McLeish KR. Neutrophil exocytosis induces podocyte cytoskeletal reorganization and proteinuria in experimental glomerulonephritis. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2018; 315:F595-F606. [PMID: 29790391 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00039.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by rapid glomerular neutrophil recruitment, proteinuria, and glomerular hypercellularity. The current study tested the hypothesis that the release of neutrophil granule contents plays a role in both the loss of filtration barrier leading to proteinuria and the increase in glomerular cells. Inhibition of neutrophil exocytosis with a peptide inhibitor prevented proteinuria and attenuated podocyte and endothelial cell injury but had no effect on glomerular hypercellularity in an experimental acute glomerulonephritis model in mice. Cultivation of podocytes with neutrophil granule contents disrupted cytoskeletal organization, an in vitro model for podocyte effacement and loss of filtration barrier. Activated, cultured podocytes released cytokines that stimulated neutrophil chemotaxis, primed respiratory burst activity, and stimulated neutrophil exocytosis. We conclude that crosstalk between podocytes and neutrophils contributes to disruption of the glomerular filtration barrier in acute glomerulonephritis. Neutrophil granule products induce podocyte injury but do not participate in the proliferative response of intrinsic glomerular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn J Caster
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.,Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Erik A Korte
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Min Tan
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Michelle T Barati
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Shweta Tandon
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - T Michael Creed
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - David J Salant
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jessica L Hata
- Pathology Department, Norton Children's Hospital , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Paul N Epstein
- Pediatric Research Institute in the Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Hui Huang
- Pediatric Research Institute in the Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Genetics, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital , Nanchang , China
| | - David W Powell
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Kenneth R McLeish
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville , Louisville, Kentucky.,Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center , Louisville, Kentucky
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19
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Lu R, Zhou J, Liu B, Liang N, He Y, Bai L, Zhang P, Zhong Y, Zhou Y, Zhou J. Paeoniflorin ameliorates Adriamycin-induced nephrotic syndrome through the PPARγ/ANGPTL4 pathway in vivo and vitro. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:137-147. [PMID: 28972886 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Paeoniflorin (PF), an effective composition that is extracted from Radix Paeoniae Alba, plays a role in protecting against various kidney diseases. However, the mechanism of PF on nephrotic syndrome (NS) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective role of PF on Adriamycin (ADR)-induced NS in vivo and vitro as well as its potential mechanism. In animal study, PF significantly decreased the levels of 24-h urine protein, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, total cholesterol and triglycerides in NS rats, but increased the total protein and albumin levels. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining revealed that the kidney lesion was resolved upon PF treatment. After treatment with PF, the morphology and number of podocytes in renal tissue were restored to normal. PF increased expression of synaptopodin and decreased expression of desmin, demonstrating a protective effect in podocyte injury. Further studies revealed that PF upregulated Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and restrained Angiopointin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) in kidney tissue. In vitro study, PF reduced Caspase3 and Bax and increased Bcl-2, indicating that the apoptosis rate of podocytes induced by ADR was reduced by PF. Furthermore, PF ameliorated podocyte injury by upregulating synaptopodin and reducing desmin. In accordance with animal study, PF downregulated ANGPTL4 by activating PPARγ. However, the therapeutic effects of PF were reversed by GW9662 (PPARγ inhibitor), likely by suppressing ANGPTL4 degradation. In general, these results demonstrate that PF has a good therapeutic effect on NS by activating PPARγ and subsequently inhibiting ANGPTL4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Lu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bihao Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ning Liang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yu He
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lixia Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Peichun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yanchun Zhong
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Guan Y, Nakano D, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu W, Nishida M, Kuwabara T, Morishita A, Hitomi H, Mori K, Mukoyama M, Masaki T, Hirano K, Nishiyama A. A protease-activated receptor-1 antagonist protects against podocyte injury in a mouse model of nephropathy. J Pharmacol Sci 2017; 135:S1347-8613(17)30128-7. [PMID: 29110957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The kidney expresses protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR-1). PAR-1 is known as a thrombin receptor, but its role in kidney injury is not well understood. In this study, we examined the contribution of PAR-1 to kidney glomerular injury and the effects of its inhibition on development of nephropathy. Mice were divided into 3 groups: control, doxorubicin + vehicle (15 mg/kg doxorubicin and saline) and doxorubicin + Q94 (doxorubicin at 15 mg/kg and the PAR-1 antagonist Q94 at 5 mg/kg/d) groups. Where indicated, doxorubicin was administered intravenously and PAR-1 antagonist or saline vehicle by subcutaneous osmotic mini-pump. PAR-1 expression was increased in glomeruli of mice treated with doxorubicin. Q94 treatment significantly suppressed the increased albuminuria in these nephropathic mice. Pathological analysis showed that Q94 treatment significantly attenuated periodic acid-Schiff and desmin staining, indicators of podocyte injury, and also decreased glomerular levels of podocin and nephrin. Furthermore, thrombin increased intracellular calcium levels in podocytes. This increase was suppressed by Q94 and Rox4560, a transient receptor potential cation channel (TRPC)3/6 antagonist. In addition, both Q94 and Rox4560 suppressed the doxorubicin-induced increase in activities of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in podocytes. These data suggested that PAR-1 contributes to development of podocyte and glomerular injury and that PAR-1 antagonists have therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Daisuke Nakano
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Motohiro Nishida
- Division of Cardiocirculatory Signaling, Okazaki Institute for Integrative Bioscience (National Institute for Physiological Sciences), National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takashige Kuwabara
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology & Neurology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hitomi
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Mori
- Department of Nephrology and Kidney Research, Shizuoka General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masashi Mukoyama
- Department of Nephrology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Masaki
- Department of Gastroenterology & Neurology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Katsuya Hirano
- Department of Cardiovascular Physiology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
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21
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Abstract
Podocytes exhibit a unique cytoskeletal architecture that is fundamentally linked to their function in maintaining the kidney filtration barrier. The cytoskeleton regulates podocyte shape, structure, stability, slit diaphragm insertion, adhesion, plasticity, and dynamic response to environmental stimuli. Genetic mutations demonstrate that even slight impairment of the podocyte cytoskeletal apparatus results in proteinuria and glomerular disease. Moreover, mechanisms underpinning all acquired glomerular pathologies converge on disruption of the cytoskeleton, suggesting that this subcellular structure could be targeted for therapeutic purposes. This review summarizes our current understanding of the function of the cytoskeleton in podocytes and the associated implications for pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Schell
- Institute of Surgical Pathology and.,Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias B Huber
- Department of Medicine IV, Medical Center, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany; .,III. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; and.,BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies and Center for Biological Systems Analysis (ZBSA), Albert-Ludwigs-University, Freiburg, Germany
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22
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Adrenomedullin ameliorates podocyte injury induced by puromycin aminonucleoside in vitro and in vivo through modulation of Rho GTPases. Int Urol Nephrol 2017; 49:1489-1506. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-017-1622-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Motojima M, Kume T, Matsusaka T. Foxc1 and Foxc2 are necessary to maintain glomerular podocytes. Exp Cell Res 2017; 352:265-272. [PMID: 28223138 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Foxc1 and Foxc2 (Foxc1/2) are transcription factors involved in many biological processes. In adult kidneys, expression of Foxc1/2 is confined to the glomerular epithelial cells, i.e., podocytes. To bypass embryonic lethality of Foxc1/2 null mice, mice ubiquitously expressing inducible-Cre (ROSA26-CreERT2) or mice expressing Cre in podocytes (Nephrin-Cre) were mated with floxed-Foxc1 and floxed-Foxc2 mice. The CreERT2 was activated in adult mice by administrations of tamoxifen. Eight weeks after tamoxifen treatment, ROSA26-CreERT2; Foxc1+/flox; Foxc2flox/flox mice developed microalbuminuria, while ROSA26-Cre ERT2; Foxc1flox/flox; Foxc2+/flox mice had no microalbuminuria. The kidneys of conditional-Foxc1/2 null mice showed proteinaceous casts, protein reabsorption droplets in tubules and huge vacuoles in podocytes, indicating severe podocyte injury and massive proteinuria. Comparison of gene expression profiles revealed that Foxc1/2 maintain expression of genes necessary for podocyte function such as podocin and Cxcl12. In addition, mice with an innate podocyte-specific deletion of Foxc1/2 by Nephrin-Cre develop similar podocyte injury. These results demonstrate dose-dependence of Foxc1/2 gene in maintaining the podocyte with a more critical role for Foxc2 than Foxc1 and a critical role of Foxc1/2 in regulating expression of genes that maintain podocyte integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Motojima
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
| | - Tsutomu Kume
- Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Taiji Matsusaka
- Department of Molecular Life Sciences, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
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24
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Correlation study of podocyte injury and kidney function in patients with acute kidney injury. JOURNAL OF ACUTE DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joad.2016.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Corosolic acid inhibits the proliferation of glomerular mesangial cells and protects against diabetic renal damage. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26854. [PMID: 27229751 PMCID: PMC4882506 DOI: 10.1038/srep26854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the major complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to explore the effects of corosolic acid (CA) on the renal damage of DM and the mechanisms behind these effects. The renoprotective effect of CA was investigated in type 1 diabetic rats and db/db mice. The kidneys and glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) were used to study the proliferation of GMCs by immunostaining and MTT assay. Further immunoblotting, siRNA, qPCR analysis, and detecting of NADPH oxidase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were performed to explore relevant molecular mechanisms. In CA-treated diabetic animals, diabetes-induced albuminuria, increased serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were significantly attenuated, and glomerular hypertrophy, mesangial expansion and fibrosis were ameliorated. Furthermore, CA significantly inhibited proliferation of GMCs and phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in both diabetic animals and high glucose (HG)-induced GMCs. CA also normalized Δψm and inhibited HG-induced NADPH oxidase activity, ROS generation and NOX4, NOX2, p22(phox) and p47(phox) expression. More importantly, CA inhibited GMC proliferation mediated by NADPH/ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. These findings suggest that CA exert the protective effect on DN by anti-proliferation resulted from inhibition of p38 MAPK- and NADPH-mediated inactivation of ERK1/2.
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26
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Harvey TW, Engel JE, Chade AR. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Podocyte Protection in Chronic Hypoxia: Effects of Endothelin-A Receptor Antagonism. Am J Nephrol 2016; 43:74-84. [PMID: 26930122 DOI: 10.1159/000444719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Podocytes are major components of the filtration barrier and a renal source of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Chronic renovascular disease (RVD) progressively degrades the renal function, accompanied by podocyte damage and a progressive reduction in VEGF. We showed that the endothelin (ET) pathway contributes to this pathological process and ET-A (but not ET-B) receptor antagonism protects the kidney in RVD. We hypothesize that ET-A-induced renoprotection is largely driven by the protection of podocyte integrity and function. METHODS To mimic the renal environment of chronic RVD, human podocytes were incubated under chronic hypoxia for 96 h and divided in untreated or treated with an ET-A or ET-B receptor antagonist. Cells were quantified after 96 h. Cell homogenates and media were obtained after 1, 24 and 96 h to quantify production of VEGF, anti-VEGF soluble receptor s-Flt1, and the expression of apoptotic mediators. A separate set of similar experiments was performed after addition of a VEGF-neutralizing antibody (VEGF-NA). RESULTS Hypoxia decreased podocyte number, which was exacerbated by ET-B but improved after ET-A antagonism. Production of VEGF was preserved by ET-A antagonism, whereas s-Flt1 increased in hypoxic cells after ET-B antagonism only, accompanied by a greater expression of pro-apoptotic mediators. On the other hand, treatment with VEGF-NA diminished ET-A-induced protection of podocytes. CONCLUSION ET-A antagonism preserves podocyte viability and integrity under chronic hypoxia, whereas ET-B antagonism exacerbates podocyte dysfunction and death. Enhanced bioavailability of VEGF after ET-A antagonism could be a pivotal mechanism of podocyte protection that significantly contributes to ET-A receptor blockade-induced renal recovery in chronic RVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor W Harvey
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Miss., USA
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