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Wiedemann A, Manseck A, Stein J, Fröhner M, Fiebig C, Piotrowski A, Kirschner-Hermanns R. [Urogeriatric thinking using the example of antiandrogen therapy for prostate cancer]. UROLOGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 63:867-877. [PMID: 39110185 DOI: 10.1007/s00120-024-02397-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The geriatric patient is defined by an age of over 75 years and multimorbidity or by an age of over 80 years. These patients exhibit a particular vulnerability, which, in the incidence of side effects or complications, leads to a loss of autonomy. Treatment sequalae, once they have arisen, can no longer be compensated. It is important to recognize and document treatment requirements among geriatric patients with the help of screening instruments such as the Identification of Seniors at Risk (ISAR) and Geriatric 8 (G8) scores. If a treatment requirement is identified, oncologic treatment should not be commenced uncritically but rather a focus placed on identification of functional deficits relevant to treatment, ideally using a geriatric assessment but at least based on a detailed medical history. These deficits can then be presented in a structured, examiner-independent, and forensically validated manner using special assessments. A planned treatment requires not only consideration of survival gains, but also knowledge of specific side effects and, in geriatric patients in particular, their impact on everyday life. These considerations should be compared with the patient's individual risk profile in order to prevent side effects from negating the effect of the treatment, for example by worsening the patient's self-help status. With regard to androgen deprivation in prostate cancer-which often is used uncritically-it is important to consider possible side effects such as osteoporosis, sarcopenia, anemia, and cognitive impairment in terms of a possible fall risk; an increase in cardiovascular mortality and the triggering of a metabolic syndrome on the basis of preexisting cardiac diseases or risk constellations; and to carry out a careful risk-benefit analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Wiedemann
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Witten gGmbH, Urologische Klinik, Lehrstuhl für Geriatrie, Universität Witten/Herdecke, Pferdebachstr. 27, 58455, Witten, Deutschland.
| | - A Manseck
- Urologische Abteilung, Klinikum Ingolstadt GmbH, Ingolstadt, Deutschland
| | - J Stein
- Urologische Abteilung, Klinikum Großburgwedel, Großburgwedel, Deutschland
| | - M Fröhner
- Klinik für Urologie, Zeisigwaldkliniken Bethanien Chemnitz, Chemnitz, Deutschland
| | - C Fiebig
- Urologische und Kinderurologische Klinik, Uniklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Deutschland
| | - A Piotrowski
- Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Klinikum Bad Hersfeld, Bad Hersfeld, Deutschland
| | - R Kirschner-Hermanns
- Neuro-Urologie, Neurologisches Rehabilitationszentrum Johanniterkliniken Godeshöhe Bonn eV, Bonn, Deutschland
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Skoradal MB, Sjúrðarson T, Olsen HW, Leifsson EN, Pelikan V, Mohr M, Davidsen AH. Evaluation of a football fitness implementation initiative for an older adult population in a small-scale island society. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1406601. [PMID: 39081349 PMCID: PMC11286383 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The proportion of older people increases globally, which calls for sustainable interventions promoting healthy aging. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the potential of Football Fitness as a sustainable model to promote quality of life, mental health, and physical function for older adult. Methods The study was conducted in collaboration with a municipality, a football club, and a university, and was designed as a randomized controlled trial. A total of 66 people (34 women, 32 men) older than 60 years were randomly assigned (60/40) to a Football Fitness (FOT) (n = 38, 20 women, 18 men) and a control group (CON) (n = 28, 14 women, 14 men). FOT participated in Football Fitness for 12 weeks. Quality of life (QoL) and mental wellbeing were determined pre-and post-intervention. Physical loading and Flow experience were measured in one representative training session. Blood pressure (BP), Yo-Yo Intermittent endurance test level 1 (Yo-Yo IE1), sprint performance, postural balance, and body composition were also performed pre-and post-intervention. Results An improvement in mental wellbeing was observed for both groups from pre- to post-intervention (p values <0.001) with no between-group differences. Regarding QoL, the environment domain improved in FOT compared to CON (p = 0.02). Mean Flow (M = 5.69; SD = 1.07) and perceived importance (M = 4.20; SD = 1.42) and average experienced difficulty was M = 5.23 (SD = 2.67), perceived skill (M = 5.23; SD = 2.56), and perceived balance (M = 5.64; SD = 1.56). These levels of flow can be characterized as being high. A between-group effect (p = 0.02) existed for systolic BP, which decreased (p < 0.01) by -5% [-8; -1%] in CON and remained unchanged in FOT. Both groups improved the Yo-Yo IE1 to a similar extent, with 28% [11; 44%] (p = 0.001) in FOT and 27% [9; 46%] in CON (p = 0.005). Postural balance improved (p = 0.004) by 38% [13; 63%] in FOT only, resulting in a superior (p = 0.01) balance score in FOT compared to CON post-intervention (p = 0.004). Conclusion Football Fitness improved the environmental quality of life domain and postural balance in older adults. Additionally, it appears to be a feasible group activity for older adults that promotes high flow and physical loading during training.
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Affiliation(s)
- May-Britt Skoradal
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Tórur Sjúrðarson
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Helgi Winther Olsen
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Faculty of Education, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Eli Nolsøe Leifsson
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- FSF Sport Science Unit, Faroese Football Association, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Vincent Pelikan
- Faculty of Sport Science, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magni Mohr
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Fox IN, Wassersug R. Case studies on psychosocial factors that help make exercise programmes for prostate cancer patients self-sustaining. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2024; 13:e1056-e1063. [PMID: 35101863 DOI: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with prostate cancer (PCa) benefit from regular exercise, but it is difficult for patients to maintain an exercise regime. We examined two exercise programmes that have proven to be self-sustaining with the goal of identifying features they share that may contribute to their success. METHODS We compared the FC Prostata football (soccer) league in Denmark and the 'Butts in a Boat' (BIAB) dragon-boating team in Canada. The FC Prostata Project Coordinator and the BIAB team leaders provided information on their programmes' history and structure. RESULTS Both programmes are team-based with regularly scheduled intense exercise at their core. In both cases, social activities evolved spontaneously, starting with the men going out for food and/or drinks after practices. The sustainability of these programmes may be driven by the regular socialisation linked to the fitness activities. CONCLUSIONS Our case studies suggest that exercise programmes for PCa patients may have a good chance of being self-sustaining, if they are: (1) centred around intense exercise, (2) of a team nature, (3) structured to promote egalitarianism and avoid one-on-one competition within teams, yet (4) have some competitions between teams. The data suggest that informal social activities organised by patients after team practices may be important for building fellowship and strengthening patients' commitment to exercise both for themselves and for their team members.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Wassersug
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Carneiro I, Krustrup P, Castagna C, Pereira R, Jørgensen NR, Coelho E, Póvoas S. Bone health, body composition and physical fitness dose-response effects of 16 weeks of recreational team handball for inactive middle-to-older-aged males - A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:2251-2263. [PMID: 37376804 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2023.2222685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study we aimed at analysing the effects of different weekly exercise volumes (1, 2 or 3 times 60-min) on bone health, body composition and physical fitness of inactive middle-to-older-aged males, after 16 weeks of recreational team handball (RTH). Fifty-four men (68 ± 4 years, stature 169 ± 6 cm; body mass 78.4 ± 10.7 kg; fat mass 27.1 ± 5.3%; BMI 27.4 ± 2.9 kg/m2; VO2peak 27.3 ± 4.8 mL/min/kg) were randomised into three intervention groups (TH1, n = 13; TH2, n = 15; or TH3, n = 12, performing 1, 2 and 3 weekly 60-min training sessions, respectively), and a control group (CG, n = 14). The training sessions consisted mainly of RTH matches played as small-sided and formal game formats (4v4, 5v5, 6v6 or 7v7) with adapted rules. Matches' mean and peak heart rate (HR) ranged from 78-80% and 86-89%HRmax, respectively, and distance covered from 4676 to 5202 m. A time x group interaction was observed for procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC), carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks (CTX), sclerostin, upper and lower body dynamic strength, right arm fat mass, left and right arm, right leg and android total mass (TM; p ≤ 0.047) with the greatest effects being shown for TH2 and TH3 groups. Post-intervention group differences were observed in CTX, left arm and right leg TM (TH3 > TH1), P1NP (TH2 > CG), OC, right arm TM (TH3 > CG), upper (CG < TH1, TH2 and TH3) and lower body dynamic strength (CG < TH1 and TH3) (p ≤ 0.047). RTH was effective in enhancing bone health, body composition and physical fitness in middle-to-older-aged males, especially for the intervention groups that performed 2-3 weekly training sessions.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05295511.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05295511.HighlightsAfter 16 weeks of recreational team handball small-sided and formal matches, inactive middle-to-older-aged males improved bone health, body composition and physical fitness, by performing 1, 2 or 3 60-min weekly sessions, however, greater improvements were shown in the groups that performed 2 or 3 weekly training sessions.Training intensity was similar across the intervention groups that performed recreational team handball for 1, 2 or 3 60-min weekly sessions, which means that training volume is most likely to be the reason for the different health effects shown.The very high fun levels reported by all intervention groups shows that recreational team handball is a social and fun exercise modality for middle-to-older-aged males, with potential to intrinsically motivate the participants and assure long-term adherence to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivone Carneiro
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Carlo Castagna
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Exercise and Health Sciences, Carlo Bo Urbino University, Urbino, Italy
| | - Rita Pereira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eduardo Coelho
- Porto Sports Medicine Center (IPDJ, IP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Póvoas
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University of Maia, Maia, Portugal
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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External training load is associated with adaptation in bone and body composition over the course of a season in elite male footballers. Bone Rep 2023; 18:101643. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Poffé C, Koppo K, Jaspers A, Boen F, Helsen WF, Van Roie E. Recreational Football Training Increases Leg-Extensor Velocity Production in 55- To 70-Year Old Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Sports Sci Med 2023; 22:345-357. [PMID: 37293410 PMCID: PMC10244983 DOI: 10.52082/jssm.2023.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of 10 weeks of recreational football training on the leg-extensor force-velocity (F-V) profile in 55- to 70-year-old adults. Simultaneous effects on functional capacity, body composition and endurance exercise capacity were examined. Forty participants (age 63.5 ± 3.9 years; 36♂ 4♀) were randomized in a football training (FOOT, n = 20) and a control (CON, n = 20) group. FOOT performed 45-min to 1-h of football training sessions with small-sided games twice a week. Pre- and post-intervention assessments were performed. The results revealed a greater increase in maximal velocity (d = 0.62, pint = 0.043) in FOOT compared to CON. No interaction effects were found for maximal power and force (pint > 0.05). 10-m fast walk improved more (d = 1.39, pint < 0.001), 3-step stair ascent power (d = 0.73, pint = 0.053) and body fat percentage (d = 0.61, pint = 0.083) tended to improve more in FOOT than in CON. RPE and HR values at the highest speed level during a submaximal graded treadmill test decreased more in FOOT compared to CON (RPE: d = 0.96, pint = 0.005; HR: d = 1.07, pint = 0.004). Both the number of accelerations and decelerations as well as the distance spent in moderate- and high-speed zones increased markedly throughout the 10-week period (p < 0.05). Participants perceived the sessions as very enjoyable and feasible. In conclusion, recreational football training resulted in improved leg-extensor velocity production, which translated to a better performance on functional capacity tests that rely on a high execution velocity. Simultaneously, exercise tolerance was improved and body fat percentage tended to reduce. It appears that short-term recreational football training can induce broad-spectrum health benefits in 55- to 70-year-old adults with only 2 hours of training per week.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiel Poffé
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Katrien Koppo
- Exercise Physiology Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Arne Jaspers
- Research Group for Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Filip Boen
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Werner F Helsen
- Movement Control and Neuroplasticity Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Evelien Van Roie
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Cecchi M, Ninot G, Rebillard X, Thuret R, Droupy S, Ayuso D, Poinas G. [Which non pharmacological interventions should be offered to patients treated with androgen deprivation therapy for prostate cancer? A systematic review]. Prog Urol 2023; 33:287-306. [PMID: 37121810 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2023.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Prostate cancer is a frequent disease and one of the main treatments used is androgen deprivation therapy, which is a therapy with disabling side effects. Non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) are evidenced based, non-invasive interventions on human health. They are classified into five categories (physical, psychological, nutritional, digital, elemental). The NPIs sphere is booming and still remains underused in this context. METHODS A systematic review concerning randomized controlled trials was executed according to the PRISMA guidelines (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). We used the "Medline" and "Kalya Research" databases. After searching and selecting eligible publications, we included 37 randomized controlled trials. RESULTS The majority of articles concerned physical NPIs with 30 clinical studies, 3 publications dealt with nutritional NPIs, 2 with psychological NPIs and 2 articles concerned elemental NPIs. No publication about digital NPI was found. All of the studies aimed to manage and improve the side effects of treatment. No elemental NPI has demonstrated benefit. Only one psychological NPI and one nutritional NPI were effective. Five types of physical NPI protocols have shown efficacy. The main benefits related to physical abilities, body composition, osteoporosis, quality of life, fatigue, reduced cardiovascular risk and finally anxiety and depression. CONCLUSION Non-pharmacological interventions, especially physical ones, are effective in managing and reducing the side effects associated with androgen deprivation therapy and should be offered to patients in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cecchi
- Urologie, clinique Beau Soleil, 149, rue de la Taillade, 34070 Montpellier, France.
| | - G Ninot
- Institut Desbrest d'épidémiologie et de santé publique (Université de Montpellier-Inserm), 641, avenue du Doyen Gaston-Giraud, 34093 Montpellier, France
| | - X Rebillard
- Urologie, clinique Beau Soleil, 149, rue de la Taillade, 34070 Montpellier, France
| | - R Thuret
- Urologie et transplantation rénale, CHU Lapeyronie, 371, avenue du Doyen Gaston-Giraud, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - S Droupy
- Urologie andrologie, CHU de Nîmes, 4, rue du Professeur Robert-Debré, 30900 Nîmes, France
| | - D Ayuso
- Urologie, centre hospitalier du Bassin de Thau, 11, boulevard Camille-Blanc, 34200 Sète, France
| | - G Poinas
- Urologie, clinique Beau Soleil, 149, rue de la Taillade, 34070 Montpellier, France
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S Oliveira J, Gilbert S, Pinheiro MB, Tiedemann A, Macedo LB, Maia L, Kwok W, Hassett L, Sherrington C. Effect of sport on health in people aged 60 years and older: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2023; 57:230-236. [PMID: 36450439 PMCID: PMC9933166 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To summarise evidence of benefits of sport for health among people aged 60+. DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). DATA SOURCES Medline, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database from inception to April 2021. STUDY SELECTION RCTs investigating the effect of sport on health-related outcomes in people aged 60+ compared with non-active control. DATA SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS Pooled effect sizes were calculated using random-effect models. Standardised mean differences (SMD), and mean difference (MD) were calculated. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system was used to assess the certainty of the evidence for analyses with ≥3 studies. RESULTS Nine trials (628 participants) reported in 15 articles were included. Participation in sport improved cardiorespiratory fitness (n=5 trials; SMD=0.43, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.70; low certainty evidence), physical function (n=4; SMD=0.62, 95% CI 0.05 to 1.18; very low certainty evidence), and mental health (n=2; SMD=0.28, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.51) and reduced fat mass (n=6; MD=-0.99 kg, 95% CI -1.75kg to -0.23 kg; low certainty evidence) among older people. We found no significant effects of sport on overall physical activity participation, strength, balance, lean mass and bone mineral density (BMD). One study investigating quality of life reported a positive, but non-significant effect of sport. CONCLUSION Sport may have a positive impact on health outcomes in people aged 60+. There was uncertainty on the effect of sport on strength, balance, lean mass and BMD. Further research is needed to investigate the optimal type and dose of sport to maximise the long-term benefits among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana S Oliveira
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia .,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Gilbert
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marina B Pinheiro
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Anne Tiedemann
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Liane Brito Macedo
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil
| | - Laísa Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Diamantina, Brazil
| | - Wing Kwok
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Leanne Hassett
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Sherrington
- Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, The University of Sydney and Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Exercise and Bone Health in Cancer: Enemy or Ally? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246078. [PMID: 36551564 PMCID: PMC9776461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone health is often threatened in cancer patients. Bone metastasis and osteoporosis frequently occur in patients with cancer and may lead to different skeletal-related events, which may negatively affect patients' quality of life and are associated with high mortality risk. Physical exercise has been recognized as a potential adjunctive strategy in the cancer setting to improve physical function as well as treatment-related side effects. Nevertheless, exercise is often not recommended to patients with bone health impairments due to safety concerns. In the current review, we aimed, through a comprehensive review of the evidence, to explore the impact of exercise in terms of safety profile, bone outcomes, and the effects on other outcomes in patients with cancer affected by bone metastasis or at high risk of losing bone. Additionally, we explored the potential mechanisms by which exercise may act on bone, particularly the impact of mechanical load on bone remodeling. Finally, considerations about exercise prescription and programming in these populations are also discussed.
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Recreational Football and Bone Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2022; 52:3021-3037. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-022-01726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Toohey K, Hunter M, Paterson C, Mortazavi R, Singh B. Exercise Adherence in Men with Prostate Cancer Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:2452. [PMID: 35626058 PMCID: PMC9139246 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer treatment is associated with adverse physiological changes; however, exercise can improve outcomes. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine exercise intervention adherence and its effects on physiological outcomes in men diagnosed with prostate cancer undergoing ADT. Uniquely, this review incorporated a meta-aggregation of qualitative data, providing perspectives from the men’s experiences. A systematic review and meta-analysis were completed following PRISMA guidelines. Databases (CINAHL, Cochrane, PubMed) were searched for studies using “prostate cancer”, “exercise intervention”, and “androgen deprivation therapy”. Quantitative randomised controlled trials describing adherence to exercise interventions were selected, with qualitative articles selected based on descriptions of experiences around participation. Subgroup meta-analyses of adherence, exercise mode, and intervention duration were completed for quality of life, aerobic fitness, fatigue, and strength. In total, 644 articles were identified, with 29 (n = 23 quantitative; n = 6 qualitative) articles from 25 studies included. Exercise had no effects (p < 0.05) on quality of life and fatigue. Significant effects (all p < 0.05) were observed for aerobic fitness, and upper- and lower-body strength. Adherence to exercise-based interventions was 80.38%, with improvements observed in aerobic fitness and strength. Subgroup analysis revealed exercise adherence impacted fatigue and strength, with greater improvements observed in programs >12-weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellie Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; (M.H.); (C.P.); (R.M.)
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Maddison Hunter
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; (M.H.); (C.P.); (R.M.)
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Catherine Paterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; (M.H.); (C.P.); (R.M.)
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedic Practice, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen AB10 7QB, UK
| | - Reza Mortazavi
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia; (M.H.); (C.P.); (R.M.)
- Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Benjamin Singh
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia City East Campus, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;
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12
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Cagliari M, Bressi B, Bassi MC, Fugazzaro S, Prati G, Iotti C, Costi S. Feasibility and Safety of Physical Exercise to Preserve Bone Health in Men With Prostate Cancer Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Systematic Review. Phys Ther 2022; 102:pzab288. [PMID: 34972863 PMCID: PMC8970430 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzab288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Men with prostate cancer (PCa) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) experience the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and lean body mass, which can increase their risk of falls and fractures. Physical exercise programs with appropriate components and dosage are suggested to preserve BMD and muscle strength, thereby potentially reducing accidental falls and fractures and associated morbidity and mortality. These benefits can be obtained if exercise programs are feasible and safe and if patient adherence is adequate. This systematic review investigates the feasibility and safety of exercise programs aimed at preventing the risk of accidental falls and fractures and BMD loss in men with PCa undergoing ADT. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to June 7, 2021. Randomized controlled trials were included when they analyzed the feasibility and safety of experimental exercise programs targeting bone health in men with PCa receiving ADT. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, assessed their methodological quality, and extracted the data. Exercise feasibility was measured through recruitment, retention, and adherence rates. Exercise safety was measured through the number, type, and severity of adverse events. Furthermore, the components, setting, intensity, frequency, and duration of exercise programs were extracted. RESULTS Ten studies were included, with a total of 633 participants. Exercise consisted of a combination of aerobic, resistance, and impact-loading exercise or football training. Exercise is feasible in men with PCa undergoing ADT, although football training should be prescribed with caution for safety reasons. CONCLUSION Multicomponent exercise programs targeting bone health seem feasible and safe in this population; however, adverse events should be systematically documented according to current guidelines. IMPACT The study shows that men with PCa receiving ADT can safely perform exercise programs to preserve bone health and supports that those programs should become part of lifestyle habits. LAY SUMMARY Men with PCa who are receiving ADT can safely perform exercise programs to preserve bone health and should make exercise an important part of their lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel Cagliari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Barbara Bressi
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Department of Neuromotor Physiopathology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Bassi
- Medical Library, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Fugazzaro
- Department of Neuromotor Physiopathology and Rehabilitation Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Prati
- Department of Oncology and Advanced Technologies, Oncology Unit, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Cinzia Iotti
- Department of Oncology and Advanced Technologies, Radiotherapy Unit, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Costi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL–IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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13
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Rose GL, Skinner TL, Keating SE, Friedrich NK, Bolam KA. The effects of exercise on the bone health of people with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:327-338. [PMID: 34532766 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06131-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the pooled effect of exercise on the bone health of people diagnosed with cancer. METHODS Four electronic databases were systematically searched. Controlled trials that assessed the effect of exercise on the bone mineral density (BMD) or content (BMC) measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry or peripheral quantitative computed tomography in people who had been diagnosed with cancer were included in the study. Random-effect meta-analyses of effect size (ES) were conducted. Sub-group analyses were performed to explore the influence of intervention duration, prescription and participant characteristics. RESULTS Of 66 full-text articles screened, 22 studies, from 21 interventions, were included (primarily breast/prostate cancer, sample range n = 36-498). When all interventions were grouped, a significant pooled ES was observed for exercise on hip (ES = 0.112, 95% CI: 0.026 to 0.198; p = 0.011) and lumbar spine BMD (ES = 0.269, 95% CI: 0.036 to 0.501; p = 0.024) compared to control. There was also an influence of sex, where females had greater improvements in hip (ES = 0.120, 95% CI: 0.017 to 0.223; p = 0.022) and spine BMD (ES = 0.415, 95% CI: 0.056 to 0.774; p = 0.23) compared to males. CONCLUSION Overall, exercise regimens of studies included in this review appear to improve bone health at the hip and spine in people diagnosed with cancer. Sub-analyses suggest some influence of sex, where females had greater improvements in BMD compared to males. It is essential that future studies evaluate the dose-response of exercise training on bone health and create exercise protocols that better align with the laws of bone modelling to enhance osteogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Rose
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - Tina L Skinner
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shelley E Keating
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nina K Friedrich
- Institute of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Kate A Bolam
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Exercise Effects on Bone Mineral Density in Men. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124244. [PMID: 34959796 PMCID: PMC8707095 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In contrast to postmenopausal women, evidence for a favorable effect of exercise on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is still limited for men. This might be due to the paucity of studies, but also to the great variety of participants and study characteristics that may dilute study results. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise on BMD changes with rational eligibility criteria. A comprehensive search of six electronic databases up to 15 March 2021 was conducted. Briefly, controlled trials ≥6 months that determined changes in areal BMD in men >18 years old, with no apparent diseases or pharmacological therapy that relevantly affect bone metabolism, were included. BMD changes (standardized mean differences: SMD) of the lumbar spine (LS) and femoral neck (FN) were considered as outcomes. Twelve studies with 16 exercise and 12 control groups were identified. The pooled estimate of random-effect analysis was SMD = 0.38, 95%-CI: 0.14–0.61 and SMD = 0.25, 95%-CI: 0.00–0.49, for LS and FN, respectively. Heterogeneity between the trials was low–moderate. Funnel plots and rank and regression correlation tests indicate evidence for small study publication bias for LS but not FN-BMD. Subgroup analyses that focus on study length, type of exercise and methodologic quality revealed no significant difference between each of the three categories. In summary, we provided further evidence for a low but significant effect of exercise on BMD in men. However, we are currently unable to give even rough exercise recommendations for male cohorts.
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15
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Influence of the Area per Player in Non-Professional Soccer Players: A Pilot Study Focused on Positional Roles. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189833. [PMID: 34574757 PMCID: PMC8472487 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This study analyses the influence of different area per player (AP; 75, 98 and 131 m2) on the average metabolic power (MP) and other soccer-related performance variables in relation to the positional roles. We recruited 19 non-professional male soccer players (25.2 ± 6.3 y; 23.7 ± 2.3 kg/m2; 16.4 ± 6.3 y soccer experience) to play three different small-sided games (SSGs): SSG1 (5 vs. 5; 30 × 30 m; 5 min), SSG2 (5 vs. 5; 35 × 45 m; 5 min) and SSG3 (7 vs. 7; 35 × 45 m; 8 min). Specific playing rules were applied. GPS-assessed soccer-related variables were: average MP (AMP), distance covered in 1 min (DIS); % time spent at high speed (v > 16 km/h; % hst) or MP (>20 W/kg; % hmpt); % distance covered at high positive/negative speed (2 < v < 4 m/s2, % ACC; −6 < v < −2 m/s2, % DEC); and number of actions at high MP (hmpa). All recorded variables differed when each SSG was compared to the others (p < 0.05), but for hmpa for attackers. Most performance variables were positively associated with increasing AP (p < 0.05), but for % ACC and % DEC, and differed among positional roles within the same SSG (p < 0.05). Here the general applicability of SSGs, regardless the physical/technical skills of the group of players, to enhance performance is confirmed; furthermore, quantitative advices on AMP and other performance variables are provided to achieve significant improvements in all soccer players of the team.
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Singh B, Toohey K. The effect of exercise for improving bone health in cancer survivors - A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sci Med Sport 2021; 25:31-40. [PMID: 34465518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise for improving bone-related outcomes among cancer survivors. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS An electronic search using the following databases: SPORTDiscus, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane, Pubmed, Ebscohost, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source. Randomised, controlled, exercise trials involving cancer survivors were eligible. Effect data on bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) outcomes were extracted. Risk of bias was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database tool. Standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated to compare differences between exercise and usual care. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess whether effect differed by exercise mode, intervention length, supervision, treatment, cancer type and risk of bias. RESULTS Twenty-six trials were included, with intervention durations ranging between 12 weeks and 2 years. Most trials involved breast cancer (n = 13, 50%), and most interventions were supervised (n = 18, 69%) and evaluated mixed-mode (i.e., combined aerobic and resistance) exercise (n = 13, 50%). Significant effects in favour of exercise (aerobic, resistance, mixed-mode and other exercise) were observed for whole body BMD, hip BMD, trochanter BMD and femoral neck BMD (SMD range: 0.19-0.39, all p < 0.05) compared to usual care. CONCLUSION Participation in various modes (aerobic, resistance, mixed-mode and other) of supervised and unsupervised exercise is associated with improvements in BMD. The present results provide evidence for clinicians and other health care professionals (e.g., exercise physiologists and physiotherapists) to recommend exercise for cancer survivors to prevent bone loss during and following treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kellie Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise and Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Australia
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17
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Weller S, Hart NH, Bolam KA, Mansfield S, Santa Mina D, Winters-Stone KM, Campbell A, Rosenberger F, Wiskemann J, Quist M, Cormie P, Goulart J, Campbell KL. Exercise for individuals with bone metastases: A systematic review. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 166:103433. [PMID: 34358650 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise has the potential to improve physical function and quality of life in individuals with bone metastases but is often avoided due to safety concerns. This systematic review summarizes the safety, feasibility and efficacy of exercise in controlled trials that include individuals with bone metastases. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, Pubmed, CINAHL, PEDro and CENTRAL databases were searched up to July 16, 2020. RESULTS A total of 17 trials were included incorporating aerobic exercise, resistance exercise or soccer interventions. Few (n = 4, 0.5%) serious adverse events were attributed to exercise participation, with none related to bone metastases. Mixed efficacy results were found, with exercise eliciting positive changes or no change. The majority of trials included an element of supervised exercise instruction (n = 16, 94%) and were delivered by qualified exercise professionals (n = 13, 76%). CONCLUSIONS Exercise appears safe and feasible for individuals with bone metastases when it includes an element of supervised exercise instruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Weller
- Provincial Programs, BC Cancer, 750 West Broadway, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 1H5, Canada. https://twitter.com/_sarahweller
| | - Nicolas H Hart
- Cancer and Palliative Care Outcomes Centre, Queensland University of Technology, 191 Ipswich Rd, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia; Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia; Institute for Health Research, University of Notre Dame Australia, 23 High Street, Freemantle, WA, 6160, Australia. https://twitter.com/DrNicolasHart
| | - Kate A Bolam
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Fack 23400, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. https://twitter.com/katebolam
| | - Sami Mansfield
- Cancer Wellness for Life, 8022 Reeder Street, Lenexa, KS, 66214, USA. https://twitter.com/bewellwithsami
| | - Daniel Santa Mina
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, 27 King's College Cir, Toronto, Ontario, ON M5S, Canada. https://twitter.com/DR_SantaMina
| | - Kerri M Winters-Stone
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. https://twitter.com/winters_stone
| | - Anna Campbell
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health & Science, School of Applied Sciences, Edinburgh Napier University, Sighthill Court, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK. https://twitter.com/CanRehab
| | - Friederike Rosenberger
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
| | - Joachim Wiskemann
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany. https://twitter.com/exoncolgermany
| | - Morten Quist
- The University Hospitals Centre for Health Research, Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, København, Denmark. https://twitter.com/QuistMorten
| | - Prue Cormie
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, 5/215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia. https://twitter.com/PrueCormie
| | - Jennifer Goulart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BC Cancer, 2410 Lee Avenue, Victoria, BC, V8R 6V5, Canada
| | - Kristin L Campbell
- Department of Physical Therapy, 212-2177 Wesbrook Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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Uth J, Fristrup B, Sørensen V, Helge EW, Christensen MK, Kjaergaard JB, Møller TK, Helge JW, Jørgensen NR, Rørth M, Vadstrup ES, Krustrup P. One year of Football Fitness improves L1-L4 BMD, postural balance, and muscle strength in women treated for breast cancer. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:1545-1557. [PMID: 33794005 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine efficacy of 12 months Football Fitness offered twice per week on bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTM), postural balance, muscle strength, and body composition in women treated for early-stage breast cancer (BC). METHODS Women treated for early-stage BC were randomized to Football Fitness (FFG, n = 46) or control (CON, n = 22) in a 2:1 ratio for 12 months, with assessments performed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Outcomes were total body-, lumbar spine- and proximal femur BMD, total body lean and fat mass, leg muscle strength, postural balance, and plasma amino-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen (P1NP), osteocalcin, and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX). Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses and per-protocol analyses (≥50% attendance in FFG) were performed using linear mixed models. RESULTS Participants in FFG completing the 12-month intervention (n = 33) attended 0.8 (SD = 0.4) sessions per week. Intention to treat analysis of mean changes over 12 months showed significant differences (p<.05) in L1-L4 BMD (0.029 g/cm2 , 95%CI: 0.001 to 0.057), leg press strength (7.2 kg, 95%CI: 0.1 to 14.3), and postural balance (-4.3 n need of support, 95%CI: -8.0 to -0.7) favoring FFG compared to CON. In the per-protocol analyses, L1-L4 and trochanter major BMD were improved (p = .012 and .030, respectively) in FFG compared with CON. No differences were observed between groups in BTMs in the ITT or per protocol analyses. CONCLUSION One year of Football Fitness training may improve L1-L4 BMD, leg muscle strength, and postural balance in women treated for early-stage breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Section of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Fristrup
- Section of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Victor Sørensen
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Julie Boye Kjaergaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Kjeldgaard Møller
- Section of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Rørth
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Soelberg Vadstrup
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Section of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study (DIAS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Clemente FM, Ramirez-Campillo R, Sarmento H, Castillo D, Raya-González J, Rosemann T, Knechtle B. Effects of Recreational Small-Sided Soccer Games on Bone Mineral Density in Untrained Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2021; 9:457. [PMID: 33924705 PMCID: PMC8070393 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare9040457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effects of small-sided games (SSG)-based training programs on bone mineral density (BMD) in untrained adults. The data sources utilized were Cochrane, Embase, Medline (PubMed), Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science. The study eligibility criteria were: (i) untrained adults (>18 years old) of any sex, with or without a noncommunicable disease; (ii) SSG-based programs with a minimum duration of four weeks and no restrictions regarding frequency (number of sessions per week); (iii) passive or active control groups; (iv) pre-post values of BMD; (v) only randomized controlled trials; and (vi) only original and full-text studies written in English. The database search initially yielded 374 titles. From those, nine articles were eligible for the systematic review and meta-analysis. The age of included population varied from a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 71 years old. Non-significant differences between SSG and passive and active control groups on total BMD (ES = 0.14; p = 0.405 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.05, respectively). Meanwhile, significant differences in favor of SSGs vs. passive and control groups were detected, evidencing an improvement of BMD in lower limbs of the adult population for both sexes (ES = 0.26; p = 0.05 and ES = 0.28; p = 0.156, respectively). As conclusions, SSGs can be used as a non-pharmacological alternative to increase the BMD in the lower limbs despite having no significant impact on total body BMD. Careful generalization should be done of the level of heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Lord Cochrane 1046, Osorno 5290000, Chile;
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- University of Coimbra, Coimbra 3004-531, Portugal;
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Daniel Castillo
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain; (D.C.); (J.R.-G.)
| | - Javier Raya-González
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Isabel I, 09003 Burgos, Spain; (D.C.); (J.R.-G.)
| | - Thomas Rosemann
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, 9001 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Effects of Small-Sided Soccer Games on Physical Fitness, Physiological Responses, and Health Indices in Untrained Individuals and Clinical Populations: A Systematic Review. Sports Med 2021; 50:987-1007. [PMID: 31989457 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-019-01256-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small-sided soccer games (SSSG) are a specific exercise regime with two small teams playing against each other on a relatively small pitch. There is evidence from original research that SSSG exposure provides performance and health benefits for untrained adults. OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to summarize recent evidence on the acute and long-term effects of SSSG on physical fitness, physiological responses, and health indices in healthy untrained individuals and clinical populations. METHODS This systematic literature search was conducted in four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus) from inception until June 2019. The following key terms (and synonyms searched for by the MeSH database) were included and combined using the operators "AND", "OR", "NOT": ((soccer OR football) AND ("soccer training" OR "football training" OR "soccer game*" OR "small-sided soccer game*") AND ("physical fitness" OR "physiological adaptation*" OR "physiological response*" OR health OR "body weight" OR "body mass" OR "body fat" OR "bone composition" OR "blood pressure")). The search syntax initially identified 1145 records. After screening for titles, abstracts, and full texts, 41 studies remained that examined the acute (7 studies) and long-term effects (34 studies) of SSSG-based training on physical fitness, physiological responses, and selected alth indices in healthy untrained individuals and clinical populations. RESULTS No training-related injuries were reported in the 41 acute and long-term SSSG studies. Typically, a single session of SSSG lasted 12-20 min (e.g., 3 × 4 min with 3 min rest or 5 × 4 min with 4 min rest) involving 4-12 players (2 vs. 2 to 6 vs. 6) at an intensity ≥ 80% of HRmax. Following single SSSG session, high cardiovascular and metabolic demands were observed. Specifically, based on the outcomes, the seven acute studies reported average heart rates (HR) ≥ 80% of HRmax (165-175 bpm) and mean blood lactate concentrations exceeding 5 mmol/l (4.5-5.9 mmol/l) after single SSSG sessions. Based on the results of 34 studies (20 with healthy untrained, 10 with unhealthy individuals, and 4 with individuals with obesity), SSSG training lasted between 12 and 16 weeks and was performed 2-3 times per week. SSSG had positive long-term effects on physical fitness (e.g., Yo-Yo IR1 performance), physiological responses including maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) [+ 7 to 16%], and many health-related markers such as blood pressure (reductions in systolic [- 7.5%] and diastolic [- 10.3%] blood pressure), body composition (decreased fat mass [- 2 to - 5%]), and improved indices of bone health (bone mineral density: [+ 5 to 13%]; bone mineral content: [+ 4 to 5%]), and metabolic (LDL-cholesterol [- 15%] as well as cardiac function (left-ventricular internal diastolic diameter [+ 8%], end diastolic volume [+ 21%], left-ventricular mass index [+ 18%], and left-ventricular ejection fraction [+ 8%]). Irrespective of age or sex, these health benefits were observed in both, untrained individuals and clinical populations. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, findings from this systematic review suggest that acute SSSG may elicit high cardiovascular and metabolic demands in untrained healthy adults and clinical populations. Moreover, this type of exercise is safe with positive long-term effects on physical fitness and health indices. Future studies are needed examining the long-term effects on physical fitness and physiological adaptations of different types of SSSG training (e.g., 3 vs. 3; 6 vs. 6) in comparison to continuous or interval training in different cohorts.
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Bressi B, Cagliari M, Contesini M, Mazzini E, Bergamaschi FAM, Moscato A, Bassi MC, Costi S. Physical exercise for bone health in men with prostate cancer receiving androgen deprivation therapy: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2021; 29:1811-1824. [PMID: 33119791 PMCID: PMC7892525 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-020-05830-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a treatment used in men with prostate cancer (PCa); however it is responsible for many adverse effects, with negative impact on quality of life. ADT causes loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and skeletal muscle mass, alteration of body composition, and cognitive function, which altogether lead to increased risk of accidental falls and fractures. This systematic review analyses the effectiveness of physical exercise (PE) in preventing accidental falls and fractures and reducing the loss of BMD in men with PCa receiving ADT. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library for articles between database inception and September 2, 2020. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise on bone health in men with PCa receiving ADT. RESULTS Nine RCTs were included. Experimental PE consisted in multicomponent programmes that involved aerobic, resistance, impact-loading exercise, and football training. None of the RCTs investigated the risk of accidental falls and fractures, while two trials reported beneficial effects of PE on lumbar spine, hip, and femoral shaft BMD. No further significant difference was detected in the outcomes investigated. CONCLUSION Evidence of the effectiveness of PE to prevent the risk of accidental falls and fractures and BMD loss is lacking. Nevertheless, clinical guidelines recommend PE as a part of the clinical management of men with PCa receiving ADT due to its known numerous health benefits. Research should focus on PE strategies to prevent accidental falls, a clinically relevant outcome in this vulnerable population. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study protocol was registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, number CRD 42020158444 ) on 04/28/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bressi
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Unit, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Maribel Cagliari
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Contesini
- Human Resource Development - Training Radiographers and Radiations Terapist, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Elisa Mazzini
- Medical Directorate Hospital Network, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Franco Antonio Mario Bergamaschi
- Urology and Mininvasive Surgery, Department of General and Specialist Surgeries, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Alfredo Moscato
- Urology and Mininvasive Surgery, Department of General and Specialist Surgeries, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Bassi
- Medical Library, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Stefania Costi
- Department of Surgery, Medicine, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
- Scientific Directorate , Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia , Reggio Emilia, Italy
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22
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Bloomquist K, Krustrup P, Fristrup B, Sørensen V, Helge JW, Helge EW, Soelberg Vadstrup E, Rørth M, Hayes SC, Uth J. Effects of football fitness training on lymphedema and upper-extremity function in women after treatment for breast cancer: a randomized trial. Acta Oncol 2021; 60:392-400. [PMID: 33423594 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2020.1868570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer survivors are encouraged to be physically active. A recent review suggests that football training is an effective exercise modality for women across the lifespan, positively influencing health variables such as strength, fitness and social well-being. However, football is a contact sport, potentially posing an increased risk of trauma-related injury. Against this backdrop, breast cancer survivors are advised to avoid trauma or injury to the affected or at-risk arm in order to protect against lymphedema onset or exacerbation. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the feasibility and safety of Football Fitness training in relation to lymphedema and upper-extremity function after treatment for breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty-eight women aged 18-75 years, who had received surgery for stage I-III breast cancer and completed (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy within five years, were randomized (2:1) to a Football Fitness group (FFG, n = 46) or a control group (CON, n = 22) for twelve months. Secondary analyses using linear mixed models were performed to assess changes in upper-body morbidity, specifically arm lymphedema (inter-arm volume % difference, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; extracellular fluid (L-Dex), bioimpedance spectroscopy), self-reported breast and arm symptoms (EORTC breast cancer-specific questionnaire (BR23) and upper-extremity function (DASH questionnaire) at baseline, six- and twelve-month follow-up. RESULTS We observed similar point prevalent cases of lymphedema between groups at all time points, irrespective of measurement method. At the six-month post-baseline assessment, reductions in L-Dex (extracellular fluid) were found in FFG versus CON. These significant findings were not maintained at the twelve-month assessment. No difference between groups was observed for inter-limb volume difference %, nor any of the remaining outcomes. CONCLUSION While superiority of Football Fitness was not observed, the results support that participation in Football Fitness training is feasible and suggests no negative effects on breast cancer-specific upper-body morbidity, including lymphedema. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. NCT03284567.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira Bloomquist
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Victor Sørensen
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Center for Healthy Aging, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mikael Rørth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sandra C. Hayes
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Jacob Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Spinal Stabilization Exercises for Cancer Patients with Spinal Metastases of High Fracture Risk: Feasibility of the DISPO-II Training Program. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13020201. [PMID: 33429892 PMCID: PMC7827062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Previous research indicates that the outcomes of irradiation of spinal metastases can be improved through exercise. After this was demonstrated for metastases of low fracture risk, we conducted the first study in patients with spinal metastases of high fracture risk to investigate exercise feasibility. An exercise group performed four spinal stabilization exercises daily over two weeks of radiotherapy, while a control group received relaxation. Patients in the exercise group attended 90% of training sessions, compared to 80% in the control group. No injuries occurred. However, about half of the patients could not perform two out of the four exercises due to pain, weakness or immobility. Nevertheless, they increased exercise time and training-specific strength. Altogether, exercise is well accepted and enhances muscle strength in these patients, but frequent individual adaptations of the training program are needed. This knowledge is a prerequisite for larger studies addressing exercise effects on health. Abstract Exercise concomitant to radiotherapy for stable spinal metastases was demonstrated to increase bone density and reduce pain. In the DISPO-II study, the feasibility of exercise concomitant to radiotherapy for unstable spinal metastases was investigated. Here, a detailed analysis of the training program is presented. Cancer patients with spinal metastases (Taneichi score ≥ D) were randomly assigned to an intervention group (INT, n = 27, 62 ± 9 years) or control group (CON, n = 29, 61 ± 9 years). INT performed spinal stabilization exercises (“all fours”/“plank”/“swimmer”/“band exercise”), and CON received relaxation, daily concomitant to radiotherapy. Exercise attendance rate was 90% in INT and 80% in CON (p = 0.126). Within INT, exercise dose increased significantly (p < 0.001). 54% of patients could not perform “swimmer” in some or all sessions. 42% could not perform “plank” in some or all sessions. 13 and 25% could not perform “all fours” and “band exercise” in some sessions. “Plank” holding time increased in INT and remained unchanged in CON with different development between groups (p = 0.022). Handgrip strength did not develop differently between groups (p = 0.397). The exercise intervention demonstrated high acceptability but required frequent modifications due to pain, weakness and immobility to be feasible for the majority of participants. It enhanced specific muscle strength. Larger trials should now investigate exercise effects on health.
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24
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Fristrup B, Krustrup P, Andersen JL, Hornstrup T, Løwenstein FT, Larsen MA, Helge JW, Póvoas SCA, Aagaard P. Effects of small-sided recreational team handball training on mechanical muscle function, body composition and bone mineralization in untrained young adults-A randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0241359. [PMID: 33206670 PMCID: PMC7673568 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0241359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolonged physical inactivity in young adults may lead to deficiencies in musculoskeletal fitness, and thus a need exists to develop physical activity and exercise programmes that are effective of increasing musculoskeletal fitness. The aim of this study, therefore, was to investigate the effects of small-sided team handball training on lower limb muscle strength, postural balance and body composition in young adults. Twenty-six men and twenty-eight women were stratified for peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and body fat percentage and randomly allocated to either 12 wks of small-sided recreational team handball training (THG: 14 men and 14 women, age 24.1±2.6 yrs (mean±SD), VO2peak 39.8±5.9 ml/kg/min and body fat percentage 32.7±8.7%) or serving as non-exercising controls (CON: 12 men and 14 women, age 24.8±3.1 yrs, VO2peak 39.7±5.0 ml/kg/min, body fat percentage 31.7±9.7%). THG trained on average 1.8 times/week for 12 wks. At 0 and 12 wks, lower limb muscle strength, rate of force development (RFD), vertical jump height and power, postural balance, body composition and muscle biopsies were assessed. No training effects were observed for maximal isokinetic or isometric knee extensor strength, maximal vertical jump height or take-off power, fibre type distribution or capillarization. Late phase (RFD) increased (+7.4%, p<0.05) and postural sway excursion length was improved after training (-9%, p<0.05) in THG with no difference from CON (p>0.05). Further, THG demonstrated a decrease in body fat percentage (-3.7%) accompanied by increases in whole-body fat free mass (FFM) (+2.2%), leg FFM (+2.5%), total bone mineral content (BMC) (+1.1%), leg BMC (+1.2%), total hip bone mineral density (+1.6%) and hip T-score (+50%) which differed from CON (all p<0.05). In conclusion, recreational small-sided team handball training appears to effectively improve rapid force capacity, postural balance, lean and fat body mass and bone health in previously untrained young adults. The study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04247724). ClinicalTrials.gov ID number: NCT04247724
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjørn Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom.,Shanghai University of Sport (SUS), Shanghai, China
| | - Jesper L Andersen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Therese Hornstrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Frederik T Løwenstein
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel A Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørn W Helge
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susana C A Póvoas
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal
| | - Per Aagaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Muscle Physiology and Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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25
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Pereira R, Krustrup P, Castagna C, Coelho E, Santos R, Martins S, Guimarães JT, Magalhães J, Póvoas S. Effects of a 16-week recreational team handball intervention on aerobic performance and cardiometabolic fitness markers in postmenopausal women: A randomized controlled trial. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:800-806. [PMID: 33222989 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal women have an elevated risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, which can be counteracted by conventional exercise regimes or recreational football. Less is known about the impact of exercise programmes based on other team sports. Thus, we examined the effects of recreational team handball on aerobic performance, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic health in untrained postmenopausal women. METHODS Sixty-seven participants (age 68 ± 6 years, stature 157 ± 6 cm, body mass 67 ± 10 kg, fat mass 37 ± 7%, VO2peak 25.2 ± 3.6 mL/min/kg, Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 test performance (YYIE1) 230 ± 103 m) with no previous experience of team handball were randomly allocated to either a team handball (THG, n = 41) or a control (CG, n = 26) group. THG performed 2-3 60-min training sessions per week for 16 weeks. YYIE1 performance and cardiometabolic markers were evaluated at baseline and post-intervention. RESULTS Average attendance during recreational team handball training was 1.9 ± 0.4 sessions per week, with mean heart rates of 76 ± 6%HRmax and 18 ± 9 min (44 ± 20% of total time) played at HR > 80%HRmax. A between-group effect was observed for YYIE1 performance, with a more pronounced improvement in aerobic exercise performance in THG compared to CG (70 ± 62 vs 15 ± 44%; p < 0.001). Within-group improvements (p < 0.05) were observed for THG with regard to VO2peak (7 ± 10%), incremental treadmill test time to exhaustion (TTE) (11 ± 14%), total cholesterol (-3 ± 9%) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (-2 ± 14%), with no significant changes in CG except an increase (p < 0.05) in TTE. Post-intervention values were higher for THG vs CG for YYIE1 performance (88%; 406 ± 216 vs 216 ± 75 m) and VO2peak (10%; 27.5 ± 3.8 vs 24.9 ± 3.6 mL/min/kg). CONCLUSIONS Recreational team handball can be used to obtain moderate-to-vigorous aerobic intensities, and just 2 weekly 60-min team handball training sessions for 16 weeks can result in improvements in aerobic performance and in markers of cardiorespiratory fitness in postmenopausal women with no previous experience of the sport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Pereira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Sport and Health Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK; Shanghai University of Sport (SUS), Shanghai, China
| | - Carlo Castagna
- Fitness Training and Biomechanics Laboratory, Italian Football Federation (FIGC), Technical Department, Coverciano, Florence, Italy; School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Eduardo Coelho
- Porto Sports Medicine Center (IPDJ, IP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rute Santos
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Directorate-General of Health, National Physical Activity Promotion Program, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Sandra Martins
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João University Hospital Centre and EPI Unit, Public Health Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Tiago Guimarães
- Department of Clinical Pathology, São João University Hospital Centre and EPI Unit, Public Health Institute, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Magalhães
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; LaMetEx, Department of Sports Biology, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Susana Póvoas
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, University Institute of Maia, ISMAI, Maia, Portugal.
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26
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Logan L, Toohey K, Kavanagh PS, Paterson C, McKune AJ. The Effect of Exercise on Body Composition and Physical Performance in Prostate Cancer Patients Undergoing Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT): A Narrative Synthesis. Semin Oncol Nurs 2020; 36:151067. [PMID: 33010982 DOI: 10.1016/j.soncn.2020.151067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This review sought to synthesize evidence examining the effect of exercise on prostate cancer patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). DATA SOURCES A systematic literature search was conducted in electronic databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, APA PsychINFO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library) from their inception to March 31, 2020. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effect of exercise on body composition, muscle strength and physical performance. Fourteen RCTs were included. Participant numbers within the individual RCTs ranged from 19 to 163 with heterogeneity in prostate cancer stage (localized and locally advanced diagnoses) with age of participants ranging from 43 to 90 years. The length of the interventions ranged from 12 weeks to 12 months, with the number of sessions per week ranging from 2 to 5. Resistance training intensity ranged from 60% to 90% 1RM and the aerobic training ranged from 60% to 90% HRmax. CONCLUSIONS Resistance training and sport (football) in the form of small sided games (SSGs) played an important role in preserving bone mineral density and lean mass as well as improving muscle strength and physical performance outcomes in men affected by prostate cancer undergoing ADT. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE Multimodal exercise, including resistance exercise and activity that includes repeated sprints (SSGs), benefit the maintenance of bone mineral density and lean mass as well as increase strength and physical performance in men affected by prostate cancer undergoing ADT. Based on this evidence, nurses should coordinate timely referrals to qualified exercise physiologists or physiotherapist with expertise in cancer care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Logan
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Kellie Toohey
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Phillip S Kavanagh
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Justice and Society, University of South Australia, Magill SA, Australia
| | - Catherine Paterson
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia
| | - Andrew J McKune
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Prehabilitation, Activity, Cancer, Exercise, Survivorship (PACES) Research Group, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia; Research Institute for Sport and Exercise (UCRISE), Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra ACT, Australia; Discipline of Biokinetics, Exercise and Leisure Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
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Uth J, Fristrup B, Sørensen V, Helge EW, Christensen MK, Kjærgaard JB, Møller TK, Mohr M, Helge JW, Jørgensen NR, Rørth M, Vadstrup ES, Krustrup P. Exercise intensity and cardiovascular health outcomes after 12 months of football fitness training in women treated for stage I-III breast cancer: Results from the football fitness After Breast Cancer (ABC) randomized controlled trial. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 63:792-799. [PMID: 32800792 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the exercise intensity and impact of 12 months of twice-weekly recreational football training on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), blood pressure (BP), resting heart rate (HRrest), body fat mass, blood lipids, inflammation, and health-related quality of life in women treated for early-stage breast cancer (BC). METHODS Sixty-eight women who had received surgery for stage I-III BC and completed adjuvant chemo- and/or radiation therapy within 5 years were randomized in a 2:1 ratio to a Football Fitness group (FFG, n = 46) or a control group (CON, n = 22). Football Fitness sessions comprised a warm-up, drills and 3-4 × 7 min of small-sided games (SSG). Assessments were performed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months. Outcomes were peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), blood pressure (BP), HRrest, total body fat mass, and circulating plasma lipids and hs-CRP, and the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF36). Intention-to-treat (ITT) analyses were performed using linear mixed models. Data are means with SD or 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Adherence to training in participants completing the 12-months follow-up (n = 33) was 47.1% (22.7), and HR during SSG was ≥80% of HRmax for 69.8% (26.5) of total playing time. At baseline, VO2peak was 28.5 (6.4) and 25.6 (5.9) ml O2/kg/min in FFG and CON, respectively, and no significant changes were observed at 6- or 12 months follow-up. Systolic BP (SBP) was 117.1 (16.4) and 116.9 (14.8) mmHg, and diastolic BP (DBP) was 72.0 (11.2) and 72.4 (8.5) mmHg in FFG and CON, respectively, at baseline, and a 9.4 mmHg decrease in SBP in CON at 12 months resulted in a between-group difference at 12 months of 8.7 mmHg (p = .012). Blood lipids and hs-CRP were within the normal range at baseline, and there were no differences in changes between groups over the 12 months. Similarly, no differences between groups were observed in HRrest and body fat mass at 6- and12-months follow-up. A between-group difference in mean changes of 23.5 (0.95-46.11) points in the role-physical domain of the SF36 survey favored FFG at 6 months. CONCLUSION Football Fitness training is an intense exercise form for women treated for breast cancer, and self-perceived health-related limitations on daily activities were improved after 6 months. However, 1 year of Football Fitness training comprising 1 weekly training session on average did not improve CRF, BP, blood lipids, fat mass, or HRrest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov with identifier NCT03284567.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Bjørn Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Victor Sørensen
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Julie Boye Kjærgaard
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Trine Kjeldgaard Møller
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Rørth
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Eva Soelberg Vadstrup
- Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Exeter University, United Kingdom; Shanghai University of Sport, China
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28
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Madsen M, Krustrup P, Larsen MN. Exercise intensity during walking football for men and women aged 60+ in comparison to traditional small-sided football – a pilot study. MANAGING SPORT AND LEISURE 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2020.1762508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mads Madsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences (SHS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences (SHS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Shanghai University of Sport (SUS), Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences (SHS), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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29
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Geerkens MJM, Pouwels NSA, Beerlage HP. The effectiveness of lifestyle interventions to reduce side effects of androgen deprivation therapy for men with prostate cancer: a systematic review. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:843-865. [PMID: 31832978 PMCID: PMC7142057 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-019-02361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this review is to systematically review randomized controlled trials on lifestyle interventions on PCa patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy. METHODS A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases Medline and PubMed. To be eligible, studies had to be randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that focused on side effects of ADT and lifestyle interventions to reduce side effects for men undergoing ADT with PCa. Lifestyle interventions were defined as interventions that included any dietary or behavioral components. RESULTS Twenty-nine trials were included. Most of them focused on exercise interventions, while some investigated the effect of dietary or behavioral interventions. The effect of different lifestyle influencing modalities aimed to improve on the adverse effects of ADT varied greatly. CONCLUSIONS It is not possible to draw one conclusion on the effect of exercise-based interventions, but noted on several adverse effects of ADT improvement. Further studies are necessary to develop personalized lifestyle interventions in order to mitigate the adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud J M Geerkens
- Urology Department, Amsterdam UMC locatie AMC Netherlands, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Nieck S A Pouwels
- Urology Department, Amsterdam UMC locatie AMC Netherlands, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry P Beerlage
- Urology Department, Amsterdam UMC locatie AMC Netherlands, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Bjerre ED, Brasso K, Jørgensen AB, Petersen TH, Eriksen AR, Tolver A, Christensen JF, Poulsen MH, Madsen SS, Østergren PB, Borre M, Krustrup P, Johansen C, Rørth M, Midtgaard J. Football Compared with Usual Care in Men with Prostate Cancer (FC Prostate Community Trial): A Pragmatic Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial. Sports Med 2020; 49:145-158. [PMID: 30506427 PMCID: PMC6349963 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-1031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Physical activity has been shown to mitigate the unwanted psychological and physiological side effects of prostate cancer treatments, but sustainable exercise possibilities are limited. Objective Our objective was to examine whether football in a real-world setting (i.e., local football clubs) was safe and feasible in practice and could improve quality of life, mitigate decline in muscle mass and bone density, and increase fat mass in patients with prostate cancer. Methods In this pragmatic, multicentre, parallel randomized controlled trial, men diagnosed with prostate cancer were recruited from five Danish urological departments. Men (N = 214) diagnosed with prostate cancer were randomly allocated, using random generated lists (block size 4–8) stratified for center and androgen-deprivation therapy status, to either 1 h of football twice weekly in a local football club or to usual care, which was a 15- to 30-min telephone session covering their options for physical activity or free-of-charge rehabilitation delivered as standard in Denmark. Allocation was concealed from the trial investigator performing the randomization, but—given the nature of the intervention—this was not possible for personnel and participants. Assessments were performed at baseline, 12 weeks, and 6 months. The primary outcome was mean change difference in prostate cancer-specific quality of life at 12 weeks. Secondary outcomes were body composition, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) physical and mental health, and safety—reported as fractures, falls, and serious adverse events. Results Attrition was 1 and 3% at 12 weeks, and 5% and 5% at 6 months for the usual care and football groups, respectively. Prostate cancer-specific quality of life was equal between groups at 12 weeks (mean difference + 1.9 points, 95% confidence interval [CI] –1.0–4.8; P = 0.20) and at 6 months (+ 0.5 points, 95% CI –2.8–3.8; P = 0.76). Fractures were equally distributed, with two fractures in the usual care group and one in the football group. Likewise, body composition outcomes were equal. Mental health improved after 6 months of football (mean difference + 2.7 points, 95% CI 0.8–4.6; P = 0.006). Conclusions In this trial, community-based football was a feasible exercise strategy for men with prostate cancer. Football did not improve prostate cancer-specific quality of life but did improve mental health; the clinical significance of this is unclear. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02430792. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40279-018-1031-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eik Dybboe Bjerre
- The University Hospitals' Centre for Health Research, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Klaus Brasso
- Department of Urology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Anders Bojer Jørgensen
- The University Hospitals' Centre for Health Research, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Thomas Hindborg Petersen
- The University Hospitals' Centre for Health Research, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Tolver
- Data Science Laboratory, Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesper Frank Christensen
- Centre of Inflammation and Metabolism/Centre for Physical Activity Research, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Mads Hvid Poulsen
- Department of Urology, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.,Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Søren Sørensen Madsen
- Department of Urology, Hospital of Southwest Denmark Esbjerg, 6700, Esbjerg, Denmark
| | - Peter Busch Østergren
- Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, 2730, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Michael Borre
- Department of Urology, Aarhus University Hospital, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230, Odense M, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Christoffer Johansen
- Unit of Survivorship, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Finsen Center, Rigshospitalet 9601, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikael Rørth
- Department of Oncology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Julie Midtgaard
- The University Hospitals' Centre for Health Research, Rigshospitalet, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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31
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Sarmento H, Manuel Clemente F, Marques A, Milanovic Z, David Harper L, Figueiredo A. Recreational football is medicine against non-communicable diseases: A systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:618-637. [PMID: 31834941 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to conduct a systematic review of published articles related to the effect of recreational football on non-communicable diseases. A systematic review of Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. Only empirical studies were included. There were no restrictions on the types of study design eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome measures result from the potential effects of recreational football on non-communicable diseases (eg, blood pressure, bone density, LDL cholesterol, and fat mass). A total of 44 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. Recreational football is shown to: (a) decrease blood pressure and resting heart rate, improve cardiac structure and functioning, as well as increase maximal oxygen uptake in both sexes; (b) reduce cholesterol and triglycerides levels, increase insulin sensitivity, and have a positive impact on glycemic control; (c) improve bone mineralization, increase both bone mineral density and content, as well as acting as a stimulus for osteogenesis; and (d) be clearly beneficial for bone health, while slightly beneficial for body composition, muscle strength, and maximal oxygen uptake in adults with prostate cancer. The present systematic review demonstrated the benefits of recreational football practice on non-communicable diseases related to cardiovascular and bone health, body composition, type 2 diabetes, and prostate cancer. The effectiveness of recreational football on the aforementioned diseases may be related to age and gender; however, further research is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.,Spertlab, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Melgaço, Portugal.,Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Covilhã, Portugal.,Complexo Desportivo e Lazer Comendador Rui Solheiro - Monte de Prado, Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Adilson Marques
- Centro Interdisciplinar do Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Zoran Milanovic
- Faculty of Sport and Physical Education, University of Niš, Niš, Serbia.,Science and Research Centre Koper, Institute for Kinesiology Research, Koper, Slovenia
| | - Liam David Harper
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - António Figueiredo
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Nadler MB, Desnoyers A, Langelier DM, Amir E. The Effect of Exercise on Quality of Life, Fatigue, Physical Function, and Safety in Advanced Solid Tumor Cancers: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Control Trials. J Pain Symptom Manage 2019; 58:899-908.e7. [PMID: 31319105 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2019.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with metastatic cancers experience poor quality of life (QoL), fatigue, and decreased physical function. Exercise improves these symptoms in the curative setting, but the efficacy and safety of exercise in the metastatic setting is uncertain. METHODS Prospective, randomized trials of moderate/high-intensity aerobic exercise or resistance training vs. control in patients with advanced/metastatic solid cancers were identified from prior reviews and updated using a search of PubMed. The mean and SD for validated outcome measures (QoL, physical function, and fatigue) were extracted for intervention and control groups at baseline and postintervention. The Mann-Whitney test was used to evaluate the effect of exercise on the pooled change between baseline and postintervention. Safety was evaluated qualitatively. RESULTS Sixteen trials were analyzed. Among patients with scores at the mean or 2SD above, exercise was not associated with significant or clinical difference in QoL or fatigue. In patients with baseline scores 2SD below mean, exercise was associated with nonsignificant difference meeting minimal clinical important difference in QoL (-2.8 vs. 4.6, P = 0.28). For function, patients at the mean had nonstatistically significant, but clinically meaningful difference in the six-minute walk test (6-MWT) (14.7 vs. 29.0 m, P = 0.44). In patients 2 SD below the mean, there was a clinically meaningful difference in two patient-reported functional subscales (0.1 vs. 5.3, P = 0.076 and 0.44 vs. 8.5, P = 0.465) and a clinically meaningful improvement in the 6-MWT (-7.5 vs. 27.0 m, P = 0.34), although none of these associations met statistical significance. There were no differences in falls, fractures, or pain. DISCUSSION Exercise is associated with clinically meaningful improvements in QoL, function, and 6-MWT in some patients with metastatic cancer. Despite poor reporting of safety, there was no signal of increased harm from exercise in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle B Nadler
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Alexandra Desnoyers
- Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke and the University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - David M Langelier
- Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Department of Medicine, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eitan Amir
- Division of Medical Oncology & Hematology, Department of Medicine, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Shapiro CL, Van Poznak C, Lacchetti C, Kirshner J, Eastell R, Gagel R, Smith S, Edwards BJ, Frank E, Lyman GH, Smith MR, Mhaskar R, Henderson T, Neuner J. Management of Osteoporosis in Survivors of Adult Cancers With Nonmetastatic Disease: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Oncol 2019; 37:2916-2946. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.19.01696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this work is to provide evidence-based guidance on the management of osteoporosis in survivors of adult cancer. METHODS ASCO convened a multidisciplinary Expert Panel to develop guideline recommendations based on a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS The literature search of the 2018 systematic review by the US Preventive Services Task Force in the noncancer population was used as the evidentiary base upon which the Expert Panel based many of its recommendations. A total of 61 additional studies on topics and populations not covered in the US Preventive Services Task Force review were also included. Patients with cancer with metastatic disease and cancer survival outcomes related to bone-modifying agents are not included in this guideline. RECOMMENDATIONS Patients with nonmetastatic cancer may be at risk for osteoporotic fractures due to baseline risks or due to the added risks that are associated with their cancer therapy. Clinicians are advised to assess fracture risk using established tools. For those patients with substantial risk of osteoporotic fracture, the clinician should obtain a bone mineral density test. The bone health of all patients may benefit from optimizing nutrition, exercise, and lifestyle. When a pharmacologic agent is indicated, bisphosphonates or denosumab at osteoporosis-indicated dosages are the preferred interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jeffrey Kirshner
- Hematology-Oncology Associates of Central New York, Syracuse, NY
| | | | | | | | - Beatrice J. Edwards
- University of Texas Dell Med School and Central Texas Veterans Healthcare System, Austin, TX
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Mohr M, Skoradal MB, Andersen TR, Krustrup P. Gender-dependent evaluation of football as medicine for prediabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2019; 119:2011-2024. [PMID: 31346789 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-019-04188-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Training intensity and health effects of football were investigated gender specifically in individuals with prediabetes. METHODS Participants with prediabetes (age 60 ± 6 years) were randomised into a football and dietary advice group (FD-men n = 13 and FD-women n = 14) or a dietary advice only group (D-men n = 12 and D-women n = 11). FD performed football training (twice/week for 16 weeks), while both groups received dietary advice. Body composition, bone variables, blood pressure, blood lipid profile and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) were determined pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS Mean heart rate during football training was 79 ± 2 and 80 ± 3% HRmax for FD-men and FD-women, respectively, with peak heart rate values of 96 ± 1 and 97 ± 2% HRmax, with no gender differences. VO2peak increased more (P < 0.05) in FD-men and FD-women than in D-men and D-women. However, relative delta change in VO2peak was 21 ± 14% in FD-women, which was greater (P < 0.05) than in FD-men (11 ± 12%). Reduction in SBP and DBP, respectively, was similar in FD-men (- 10.8 ± 13.0 and - 7.3 ± 11.8 mmHg) and FD-women (- 11.3 ± 11.0 and - 7.1 ± 6.2 mmHg), with within-gender differences for men. Total plasma cholesterol and LDL cholesterol decreased (P < 0.05) by - 0.7 ± 1.1 and - 0.5 ± 0.9 mmol L-1, respectively, in FD-women and - 0.2 ± 0.4 and - 0.2 ± 0.3 mmol L-1 in FD-men, with no significant gender differences (P = 0.08). Body fat content was lowered (P < 0.05) by 3 and 4%-points in FD-men and FD-women, respectively. CONCLUSION Gender-mixed football training combined with dietary advice causes broad-spectrum health effects for men and women with prediabetes, with minor gender-specific differences. Thus, the intensity and training-induced effects of football training are also high for elderly women with prediabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magni Mohr
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Jónas Broncksgøta 25, 3rd floor, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.
- Centre for Health and Performance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - May-Britt Skoradal
- Centre of Health Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Jónas Broncksgøta 25, 3rd floor, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - Thomas Rostgaard Andersen
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
- Department of Sports Science, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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The Effect on Bone Outcomes of Home-based Exercise Intervention for Prostate Cancer Survivors Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Cancer Nurs 2019; 41:379-388. [PMID: 28731882 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer treatment-induced bone loss has important long-term effects in prostate cancer survivors (PCSs) receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but little is known about preventive interventions. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a 6-month home-based exercise intervention in PCSs. METHODS In this pilot, randomized controlled trial, 51 men (mean age, 70.8 years) were randomized to a 6-month home-based exercise intervention for preventing osteoporosis group (n = 26) or an exercise placebo intervention of stretching exercise group (n = 25). Primary outcomes were bone mineral density and bone turnover markers. Secondary outcomes were physical performance (level of physical activity, muscle strength, and balance) and health-related quality of life. RESULTS The patient retention rate for 6 months was 80.4%. The mean adherence rate was 84.7% for weight-bearing exercise and 64.8% for resistance exercise. No adverse events during the study period were reported. Although primary outcomes did not differ significantly between the 2 groups, the home-based exercise intervention for preventing osteoporosis group demonstrated significantly greater increased muscle strength than the stretching exercise group. CONCLUSIONS A home-based exercise program is relatively feasible and safe and may improve muscle strength but not bone outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Given the importance of preventing cancer treatment-induced bone loss among PCSs receiving ADT, a home-based exercise intervention can be considered, but further trials with a larger sample are required to determine its effect for bone outcomes.
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36
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Attitudes and Experiences of Men With Prostate Cancer on Risk in the Context of Injuries Related to Community-Based Football-A Qualitative Study. J Aging Phys Act 2019; 27:205-212. [PMID: 30117362 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2018-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Although football training may be a potent strategy for health promotion in older men, the considerable risk of injuries may constitute a barrier for referral of clinical populations. The current study explored the attitudes of men with prostate cancer on risk in the context of injuries related to participating in a community-based football program. Four videotaped focus group interviews and three individual in-depth telephone interviews were carried out with men with prostate cancer (n = 35; mean age = 68.8). The thematic networks technique was used to derive the global theme Injury-induced reinforced masculinity comprising five subthemes: "part of the game," "a good story to tell," "like boys again," "an old, carefree body," and "camaraderie." Collectively, these themes explained how football injuries may reflect masculine ideals in some men with prostate cancer. The study indicates that injuries are largely acceptable to men with prostate cancer, especially those in search of a means for expressing their masculinity.
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Luo H, Newton RU, Ma'ayah F, Galvão DA, Taaffe DR. Recreational soccer as sport medicine for middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2018; 4:e000336. [PMID: 30112181 PMCID: PMC6089298 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2017-000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Strategies to prevent or attenuate the age-related decline in physical and physiological function and reduce chronic disease risk factors are of clinical importance. Objective To examine the health benefits of recreational soccer in middle-aged and older adults. Design Systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Data sources All available records up until 9 June 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies All randomised trials with or without a control group (randomised controlled trials or randomised uncontrolled trials) and non-randomised controlled trials that used recreational soccer, which includes small-sided soccer games, as the sole or principal intervention, and reported relevant effects in untrained/sedentary, healthy or unhealthy adults aged 40 years and above were included. Results Five trials described in 13 articles were included, which scored 6–9 out of 12 points on the modified Delphi quality rating scale. The duration was from 12 to 52 weeks, with various frequencies, volumes and game formats performed both outdoors and indoors with men and women. The trials indicate that recreational soccer may result in improvement in cardiovascular function, body composition and functional ability, although no significant changes were observed in postural balance. Conclusion Recreational soccer should be considered an alternative exercise modality for untrained, healthy or unhealthy middle-aged and older adults of both sexes to maintain an active lifestyle and mitigate a wide array of physical and physiological age-related changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Luo
- Department of Exercise and Health Sciences, Guangdong Vocational Institute of Sport, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Robert U Newton
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,Institute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fadi Ma'ayah
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Daniel A Galvão
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Dennis R Taaffe
- Exercise Medicine Research Institute, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Uth J, Fristrup B, Haahr RD, Brasso K, Helge JW, Rørth M, Midtgaard J, Helge EW, Krustrup P. Football training over 5 years is associated with preserved femoral bone mineral density in men with prostate cancer. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28 Suppl 1:61-73. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.13242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Uth
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - B. Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - R. D. Haahr
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
| | - K. Brasso
- Department of Urology; Copenhagen Prostate Cancer Center; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. W. Helge
- Department of Biomedical Sciences; Center for Healthy Aging; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Rørth
- Department of Oncology; Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - J. Midtgaard
- University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF); Rigshospitalet; University Hospital of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
- Department of Public Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - E. W. Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports; Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health; University of Copenhagen; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - P. Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics; Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Southern Denmark (SDU); Odense Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences; College of Life and Environmental Sciences; University of Exeter; Exeter UK
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Hagman M, Helge EW, Hornstrup T, Fristrup B, Nielsen JJ, Jørgensen NR, Andersen JL, Helge JW, Krustrup P. Bone mineral density in lifelong trained male football players compared with young and elderly untrained men. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2018; 7:159-168. [PMID: 30356456 PMCID: PMC6180542 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/20/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present controlled cross-sectional study was to investigate proximal femur and whole-body bone mineral density (BMD), as well as bone turnover profile, in lifelong trained elderly male football players and young elite football players compared with untrained age-matched men. METHODS One hundred and forty healthy, non-smoking men participated in the study, including lifelong trained football players (FTE, n = 35) aged 65-80 years, elite football players (FTY, n = 35) aged 18-30 years, as well as untrained age-matched elderly (UE, n = 35) and young (UY, n = 35) men. All participants underwent a regional dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan of the proximal femur and a whole-body DXA scan to determine BMD. From a resting blood sample, the bone turnover markers (BTMs) osteocalcin, carboxy-terminal type-1 collagen crosslinks (CTX-1), procollagen type-1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and sclerostin were measured. RESULTS FTE had 7.3%-12.9% higher (p < 0.05) BMD of the femoral neck, wards, shaft, and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UE, and 9.3%-9.7% higher (p < 0.05) BMD in femoral trochanter in both legs compared to UY. FTY had 24.3%-37.4% higher (p < 0.001) BMD in all femoral regions and total proximal femur in both legs compared to UY. The whole-body DXA scan confirmed these results, with FTE showing similar whole-body BMD and 7.9% higher (p < 0.05) leg BMD compared to UY, and with FTY having 9.6% higher (p < 0.001) whole-body BMD and 18.2% higher (p < 0.001) leg BMD compared to UY. The plasma concentration of osteocalcin, CTX-1, and P1NP were 29%, 53%, and 52% higher (p < 0.01), respectively, in FTY compared to UY. CONCLUSION BMD of the proximal femur and whole-body BMD are markedly higher in lifelong trained male football players aged 65-80 years and young elite football players aged 18-30 years compared to age-matched untrained men. Elderly football players even show higher BMD in femoral trochanter and leg BMD than untrained young despite an age difference of 47 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Hagman
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense 3450, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Therese Hornstrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Bjørn Fristrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense 3450, Denmark
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen NV 2400, Denmark
| | - Jens Jung Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Niklas Rye Jørgensen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Research Center for Ageing and Osteoporosis, Glostrup 2600, Denmark
| | - Jesper Løvind Andersen
- Institute of Sports Medicine Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen NV 2400, Denmark
| | - Jørn Wulff Helge
- Center of Healthy Aging, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen N 2200, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense 3450, Denmark
- Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, UK
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Sheill G, Guinan EM, Peat N, Hussey J. Considerations for Exercise Prescription in Patients With Bone Metastases: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. PM R 2018; 10:843-864. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Krustrup P, Skoradal MB, Randers MB, Weihe P, Uth J, Mortensen J, Mohr M. Broad-spectrum health improvements with one year of soccer training in inactive mildly hypertensive middle-aged women. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2017; 27:1893-1901. [PMID: 28124381 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The study tested the hypothesis that long-term soccer training has positive impact on cardiovascular profile, body composition, bone health, and physical capacity in inactive, pre-menopausal women with mild hypertension. The study applied a randomized controlled design in which physically inactive middle-aged women were separated into a soccer training group (n=19; SOC) and a control group (n=12; CON). SOC performed 128±29 (±SD) one-h small-sided soccer training sessions over one year. Blood pressure, body composition, blood lipid profile, and fitness level were determined pre- and post-intervention. Over one year, mean arterial pressure decreased more in SOC than in CON (-5±7 vs +4±5 mmHg; P<.05). Total-body fat mass decreased more (P<.05) in SOC than in CON (-2.5±2.5 vs +0.6±3.2 kg; P<.05), while the change scores for lean body mass were not significantly different in SOC (2.6±2.7 kg) compared to CON (1.1±1.9 kg, P=.09). Over one year, change scores in whole-body bone mineral density (0.004±0.032 vs -0.019±0.026 g·cm2 ) as well as bone mineral content (30±70 vs -39±113 g) were positive in SOC compared to CON (P<.05). Post-intervention plasma triglycerides decreased more (-0.1±0.7 vs +0.2±0.2 mmol·L-1 ) and HDL cholesterol increased more (0.2±0.7 vs -0.2±0.2 mmol·L-1 ) in SOC than in CON (P<.05). Yo-Yo intermittent endurance level 1 (122±105 vs 2±21%) and 20-m sprint performance (6±6 vs -1±2%) increased more (P<.05) in SOC than in CON. In conclusion, long-term soccer training resulted in broad-spectrum improvements in the health profile of untrained, pre-menopausal women with mild hypertension, including cardiovascular, metabolic, and musculo-skeletal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Krustrup
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.,Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - M-B Skoradal
- Centre of Health Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - M B Randers
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark
| | - P Weihe
- Centre of Health Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.,Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health, The Faroese Hospital System, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands
| | - J Uth
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), University of Southern Denmark, Odense M, Denmark.,University Hospitals Centre for Health Research (UCSF), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Mortensen
- Department of Medicine, The Faroese National Hospital, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.,Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine & PET, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Mohr
- Centre of Health Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Health Sciences, University of the Faroe Islands, Tórshavn, Faroe Islands.,Center of Health and Human Performance, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Sport Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Short Duration Small Sided Football and to a Lesser Extent Whole Body Vibration Exercise Induce Acute Changes in Markers of Bone Turnover. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:3574258. [PMID: 28025642 PMCID: PMC5153460 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3574258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to study whether short-duration vibration exercise or football sessions of two different durations acutely changed plasma markers of bone turnover and muscle strain. Inactive premenopausal women (n = 56) were randomized to complete a single bout of short (FG15) or long duration (FG60) small sided football or low magnitude whole body vibration training (VIB). Procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP) was increased during exercise for FG15 (51.6 ± 23.0 to 56.5 ± 22.5 μg·L−1, mean ± SD, P < 0.05) and FG60 (42.6 ± 11.8 to 50.2 ± 12.8 μg·L−1, P < 0.05) but not for VIB (38.8 ± 15.1 to 36.6 ± 14.7 μg·L−1, P > 0.05). An increase in osteocalcin was observed 48 h after exercise (P < 0.05), which did not differ between exercise groups. C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen was not affected by exercise. Blood lactate concentration increased during exercise for FG15 (0.6 ± 0.2 to 3.4 ± 1.2 mM) and FG60 (0.6 ± 0.2 to 3.3 ± 2.0 mM), but not for VIB (0.6 ± 0.2 to 0.8 ± 0.4 mM) (P < 0.05). Plasma creatine kinase increased by 55 ± 63% and 137 ± 119% 48 h after FG15 and FG60 (P < 0.05), but not after VIB (26 ± 54%, NS). In contrast to the minor elevation in osteocalcin in response to a single session of vibration exercise, both short and longer durations of small sided football acutely increased plasma P1NP, osteocalcin, and creatine kinase. This may contribute to favorable effects of chronic training on musculoskeletal health.
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Evaluating a Nationwide Recreational Football Intervention: Recruitment, Attendance, Adherence, Exercise Intensity, and Health Effects. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:7231545. [PMID: 27437401 PMCID: PMC4942591 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7231545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated a nationwide exercise intervention with Football Fitness in a small-scale society. In all, 741 adult participants (20–72 yrs) were successfully recruited for Football Fitness training in local football clubs, corresponding to 2.1% of the adult population. A preintervention test battery including resting heart rate (RHR), blood pressure, and body mass measurements along with performance tests (Yo-Yo Intermittent Endurance level 1 (Yo-Yo IE1), the Arrowhead Agility Test, and the Flamingo Balance Test) were performed (n = 502). Training attendance (n = 310) was 1.6 ± 0.2 sessions per week (range: 0.6–2.9), corresponding to 28.8 ± 1.0 sessions during the 18 wk intervention period. After 18 wks mean arterial pressure (MAP) was −2.7 ± 0.7 mmHg lower (P < 0.05; n = 151) with even greater (P < 0.05) reductions for those with baseline MAP values >99 mmHg (−5.6 ± 1.5 mmHg; n = 50). RHR was lowered (P < 0.05) by 6 bpm after intervention (77 ± 1 to 71 ± 1 bpm). Yo-Yo IE1 performance increased by 41% (540 ± 27 to 752 ± 45 m), while agility and postural balance were improved (P < 0.05) by ~6 and ~45%, respectively. In conclusion, Football Fitness was shown to be a successful health-promoting nationwide training intervention for adult participants with an extraordinary recruitment, a high attendance rate, moderate adherence, high exercise intensity, and marked benefits in cardiovascular health profile and fitness.
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Larsen MN, Nielsen CM, Helge EW, Madsen M, Manniche V, Hansen L, Hansen PR, Bangsbo J, Krustrup P. Positive effects on bone mineralisation and muscular fitness after 10 months of intense school-based physical training for children aged 8-10 years: the FIT FIRST randomised controlled trial. Br J Sports Med 2016; 52:254-260. [PMID: 27297443 PMCID: PMC5867438 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated whether musculoskeletal fitness of school children aged 8-10 years was affected by frequent intense PE sessions. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS 295 Danish school children aged 8-10 years were cluster randomised to a small-sided ball game group (SSG) (n=96, four schools, five classes), a circuit strength training group (CST) (n=83, four schools, four classes) or a control group (CON, n=116, two schools, five classes). INTERVENTION SSG or CST was performed 3×40 min/week over 10 months. Whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were used to determine areal bone mineral density (aBMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and lean body mass (LBM). Flamingo balance, standing long jump and 20-m sprint tests were used to determine muscular fitness. RESULTS Analysis of baseline-to-10 months change scores showed between-group differences in favour of the interventions in whole-body aBMD (SSG vs CON: 8 mg/cm2, 95% CI 3 to 13; CST vs CON: 7 mg/cm2, 95% CI 2 to 13, p<0.05) and leg BMC (SSG vs CON: 11 g, 95% CI 4 to 18; CST vs CON: 11 g, 95% CI 3 to 18, p<0.05). SSG had higher change scores in leg aBMD compared with CON and CST (SSG vs CON: 19 mg/cm2, 95% CI 11 to 39, p<0.05; SSG vs CST: 12 mg/cm2, 95% CI 3 to 21, p<0.05), and CST had higher change scores in whole-body BMC compared with CON (CST vs CON: 25 g, 95% CI 10 to 39, p<0.05). Both training types resulted in higher change scores in postural balance (SSG vs CON: 2.4 fewer falls/min, 95% CI 0.3 to 4.5, CST vs CON: 3.6 fewer falls/min, 95% CI 1.3 to 5.9, p<0.05) and jump length (SSG vs CON: 10%, 95% CI 5 to 16%; CST vs CON: 9%, 95% CI 3 to 15%, p<0.05). No between-group differences were observed for sprint performance or LBM (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, 3×40 min/week with SSG or CST over a full school year improves bone mineralisation and several aspects of muscular fitness of children aged 8-10 years, suggesting that well-organised intense physical education classes can contribute positively to develop musculoskeletal health in young children. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02000492, post results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Nejst Larsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Malta Nielsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Frederikssund Municipality, Frederikssund, Denmark
| | - Eva Wulff Helge
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mads Madsen
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Peter Riis Hansen
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Jens Bangsbo
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Krustrup
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Copenhagen Centre for Team Sport and Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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