1
|
Zhou S, Ma C, Zhou W, Gao S, Hou D, Guo L, Shi G. Selection of Stable Reference Genes for QRT-PCR in Tree Peony 'Doulv' and Functional Analysis of PsCUC3. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1741. [PMID: 38999582 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: Tree peonies display extensive cultivar diversity due to widespread hybridization, resulting in a complex genetic architecture. This complexity complicates the selection of universal reference genes across different cultivars for qRT-PCR analyses. Paeonia suffruticosa 'Doulv', notable for its unique green blooms in China, exhibits chlorosis post-flowering and features petaloid stamens and pistils. (2) Methods: Based on published literature and RNA-seq data from 'Doulv', nine candidate reference genes-ACT (Actin), TUB (β-Tubulin), UBC (Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme), UBQ (Ubiquitin), UPL (Ubiquitin Protein Ligase), PP2A (Protein Phosphatase 2A), PP2C (Protein Phosphatase 2C), MBF1A (Multiprotein Bridging Factor 1A), and GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase)-were selected. Their expression stability was assessed across various tissues and developmental stages of 'Doulv' flowers using qRT-PCR, with evaluations conducted via GeNorm_v3.5, NormFinder_v20, and BestKeeper_v1.0. Gene cloning and expression analyses of PsCUC3, including its subcellular localization, were performed. (3) Results: GAPDH and ACT were identified as the most stable reference genes in petaloid stamens across various developmental stages of 'Doulv', whereas UBC and MBF1A were optimal across different tissues. Notably, specific conserved amino acids in PsCUC3 from 'Doulv' diverged from those in NAM/CUC3 proteins of other species, impacting its protein structure. PsCUC3 expression analysis revealed no correlation with chlorophyll content in petaloid stamens but an association with petaloid organ development. Furthermore, PsCUC3 was predominantly localized in the nucleus. (4) Conclusions: This study comprehensively evaluated suitable reference genes using GeNorm_v3.5, NormFinder_v20, and BestKeeper_v1.0 software, establishing a robust qRT-PCR detection system for 'Doulv' peony. These results provide a solid experimental foundation for further research on 'Doulv' peony. Building on this experimental foundation, the functional analysis of the PsCUC3 gene was conducted. The findings suggest a potential association between the PsCUC3 gene and floral morphology alterations in 'Doulv', identifying PsCUC3 as crucial for understanding the molecular mechanisms influencing floral structure in tree peonies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Chao Ma
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Shuangcheng Gao
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Dianyun Hou
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Lili Guo
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Guoan Shi
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Madhuri S, Lepetit B, Fürst AH, Kroth PG. A Knockout of the Photoreceptor PtAureo1a Results in Altered Diel Expression of Diatom Clock Components. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1465. [PMID: 38891274 PMCID: PMC11174801 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Plants and algae use light not only for driving photosynthesis but also to sense environmental cues and to adjust their circadian clocks via photoreceptors. Aureochromes are blue-light-dependent photoreceptors that also function as transcription factors, possessing both a LOV and a bZIP domain. Aureochromes so far have only been detected in Stramenopile algae, which include the diatoms. Four paralogues of aureochromes have been identified in the pennate model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum: PtAureo1a, 1b, 1c, and 2. While it was shown recently that diatoms have a diel rhythm, the molecular mechanisms and components regulating it are still largely unknown. Diel gene expression analyses of wild-type P. tricornutum, a PtAureo1a knockout strain, and the respective PtAureo1 complemented line revealed that all four aureochromes have a different diel regulation and that PtAureo1a has a strong co-regulatory influence on its own transcription, as well as on that of other genes encoding different blue-light photoreceptors (CPF1, 2 and 4), proteins involved in photoprotection (Lhcx1), and specific bHLH transcription factors (RITMO1). Some of these genes completely lost their circadian expression in the PtAureo1a KO mutant. Our results suggest a major involvement of aureochromes in the molecular clock of diatoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peter G. Kroth
- Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany; (S.M.); (B.L.); (A.H.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Fuertes-Aguilar J, Matilla AJ. Transcriptional Control of Seed Life: New Insights into the Role of the NAC Family. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5369. [PMID: 38791407 PMCID: PMC11121595 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Transcription factors (TFs) regulate gene expression by binding to specific sequences on DNA through their DNA-binding domain (DBD), a universal process. This update conveys information about the diverse roles of TFs, focusing on the NACs (NAM-ATAF-CUC), in regulating target-gene expression and influencing various aspects of plant biology. NAC TFs appeared before the emergence of land plants. The NAC family constitutes a diverse group of plant-specific TFs found in mosses, conifers, monocots, and eudicots. This update discusses the evolutionary origins of plant NAC genes/proteins from green algae to their crucial roles in plant development and stress response across various plant species. From mosses and lycophytes to various angiosperms, the number of NAC proteins increases significantly, suggesting a gradual evolution from basal streptophytic green algae. NAC TFs play a critical role in enhancing abiotic stress tolerance, with their function conserved in angiosperms. Furthermore, the modular organization of NACs, their dimeric function, and their localization within cellular compartments contribute to their functional versatility and complexity. While most NAC TFs are nuclear-localized and active, a subset is found in other cellular compartments, indicating inactive forms until specific cues trigger their translocation to the nucleus. Additionally, it highlights their involvement in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-induced programmed cell death (PCD) by activating the vacuolar processing enzyme (VPE) gene. Moreover, this update provides a comprehensive overview of the diverse roles of NAC TFs in plants, including their participation in ER stress responses, leaf senescence (LS), and growth and development. Notably, NACs exhibit correlations with various phytohormones (i.e., ABA, GAs, CK, IAA, JA, and SA), and several NAC genes are inducible by them, influencing a broad spectrum of biological processes. The study of the spatiotemporal expression patterns provides insights into when and where specific NAC genes are active, shedding light on their metabolic contributions. Likewise, this review emphasizes the significance of NAC TFs in transcriptional modules, seed reserve accumulation, and regulation of seed dormancy and germination. Overall, it effectively communicates the intricate and essential functions of NAC TFs in plant biology. Finally, from an evolutionary standpoint, a phylogenetic analysis suggests that it is highly probable that the WRKY family is evolutionarily older than the NAC family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angel J. Matilla
- Departamento de Biología Funcional, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 14971 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shu L, Li L, Jiang YQ, Yan J. Advances in membrane-tethered NAC transcription factors in plants. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 342:112034. [PMID: 38365003 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Transcription factors are central components in cell signal transduction networks and are critical regulators for gene expression. It is estimated that approximately 10% of all transcription factors are membrane-tethered. MTFs (membrane-bound transcription factors) are latent transcription factors that are inherently anchored in the cellular membrane in a dormant form. When plants encounter environmental stimuli, they will be released from the membrane by intramembrane proteases or by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway and then were translocated to the nucleus. The capacity to instantly activate dormant transcription factors is a critical strategy for modulating diverse cellular functions in response to external or internal signals, which provides an important transcriptional regulatory network in response to sudden stimulus and improves plant survival. NTLs (NTM1-like) are a small subset of NAC (NAM, ATAF1/2, CUC2) transcription factors, which contain a conserved NAC domain at the N-terminus and a transmembrane domain at the C-terminus. In the past two decades, several NTLs have been identified from several species, and most of them are involved in both development and stress response. In this review, we review the reports and findings on NTLs in plants and highlight the mechanism of their nuclear import as well as their functions in regulating plant growth and stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Shu
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450002, China
| | - Longhui Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450002, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi province 712100, China
| | - Jingli Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan province 450002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marathe S, Grotewold E, Otegui MS. Should I stay or should I go? Trafficking of plant extra-nuclear transcription factors. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1524-1539. [PMID: 38163635 PMCID: PMC11062434 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
At the heart of all biological processes lies the control of nuclear gene expression, which is primarily achieved through the action of transcription factors (TFs) that generally contain a nuclear localization signal (NLS) to facilitate their transport into the nucleus. However, some TFs reside in the cytoplasm in a transcriptionally inactive state and only enter the nucleus in response to specific signals, which in plants include biotic or abiotic stresses. These extra-nuclear TFs can be found in the cytosol or associated with various membrane systems, including the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membrane. They may be integral proteins with transmembrane domains or associate peripherally with the lipid bilayer via acylation or membrane-binding domains. Although over 30 plant TFs, most of them involved in stress responses, have been experimentally shown to reside outside the nucleus, computational predictions suggest that this number is much larger. Understanding how extra-nuclear TFs are trafficked into the nucleus is essential for reconstructing transcriptional regulatory networks that govern major cellular pathways in response to biotic and abiotic signals. Here, we provide a perspective on what is known on plant extranuclear-nuclear TF retention, nuclear trafficking, and the post-translational modifications that ultimately enable them to regulate gene expression upon entering the nucleus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarika Marathe
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Erich Grotewold
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-6473, USA
| | - Marisa S Otegui
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Center for Quantitative Cell Imaging, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Jia J, Zhao X, Jia P, Zhang X, Li D, Liu Y, Huang L. Ecophysiological responses of Phragmites australis populations to a tidal flat gradient in the Yangtze River Estuary, China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1326345. [PMID: 38756962 PMCID: PMC11097105 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1326345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Phragmites australis is a prevalent species in the Chongming Dongtan wetland and is capable of thriving in various tidal flat environments, including high salinity habitats. P. australis population displays inconsistent ecological performances, highlighting the need to uncover their survival strategies and mechanisms in tidal flats with diverse soil salinities. Upon comparing functional traits of P. australis at multiple tidal flats (low, middle, and high) and their responses to soil physicochemical properties, this study aimed to clarify the salt-tolerant strategy of P. australis and the corresponding mechanisms. These results showed that leaf characteristics, such as specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content, demonstrated more robust stability to soil salinity than shoot height and dry weight. Furthermore, as salt stress intensified, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxisome (POD) in P. australis leaves at low tidal flat exhibited an increased upward trend compared to those at other tidal flats. The molecular mechanism of salt tolerance in Phragmites australis across various habitats was investigated using transcriptome sequencing. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) combined with differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screened out 3 modules closely related to high salt tolerance and identified 105 core genes crucial for high salt tolerance. Further research was carried out on the few degraded populations at low tidal flat, and 25 core genes were identified by combining WGCNA and DEGs. A decrease in the activity of ferroptosis marker gonyautoxin-4 and an increase in the content of Fe3+ in the degenerated group were observed, indicating that ferroptosis might participate in degradation. Furthermore, correlation analysis indicated a possible regulatory network between salt tolerance and ferroptosis. In short, this study provided new insights into the salt tolerance mechanism of P. australis population along tidal flats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jia
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Peng Jia
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- GeneMind Biosciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dezhi Li
- East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Meng Y, Lv Q, Li L, Wang B, Chen L, Yang W, Lei Y, Xie Y, Li X. E3 ubiquitin ligase TaSDIR1-4A activates membrane-bound transcription factor TaWRKY29 to positively regulate drought resistance. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:987-1000. [PMID: 38018512 PMCID: PMC10955488 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a deleterious abiotic stress factor that constrains crop growth and development. Post-translational modification of proteins mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome system is an effective strategy for directing plant responses to stress, but the regulatory mechanisms in wheat remain unclear. In this study, we showed that TaSDIR1-4A is a positive modulator of the drought response. Overexpression of TaSDIR1-4A increased the hypersensitivity of stomata, root length and endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) content under drought conditions. TaSDIR1-4A encodes a C3H2C3-type RING finger protein with E3 ligase activity. Amino acid mutation in its conserved domain led to loss of activity and altered the subcellular localization. The membrane-bound transcription factor TaWRKY29 was identified by yeast two-hybrid screening, and it was confirmed as interacting with TaSDIR1-4A both in vivo and in vitro. TaSDIR1-4A mediated the polyubiquitination and proteolysis of the C-terminal amino acid of TaWRKY29, and its translocation from the plasma membrane to the nucleus. Activated TaWRKY29 bound to the TaABI5 promoter to stimulate its expression, thereby positively regulating the ABA signalling pathway and drought response. Our findings demonstrate the positive role of TaSDIR1-4A in drought tolerance and provide new insights into the involvement of UPS in the wheat stress response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Qian Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Liqun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Bingxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Liuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Weibing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yanhong Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yanzhou Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xuejun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of AgronomyNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingChina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liang X, Li J, Yang Y, Jiang C, Guo Y. Designing salt stress-resilient crops: Current progress and future challenges. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:303-329. [PMID: 38108117 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Excess soil salinity affects large regions of land and is a major hindrance to crop production worldwide. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant salt tolerance has scientific importance and practical significance. In recent decades, studies have characterized hundreds of genes associated with plant responses to salt stress in different plant species. These studies have substantially advanced our molecular and genetic understanding of salt tolerance in plants and have introduced an era of molecular design breeding of salt-tolerant crops. This review summarizes our current knowledge of plant salt tolerance, emphasizing advances in elucidating the molecular mechanisms of osmotic stress tolerance, salt-ion transport and compartmentalization, oxidative stress tolerance, alkaline stress tolerance, and the trade-off between growth and salt tolerance. We also examine recent advances in understanding natural variation in the salt tolerance of crops and discuss possible strategies and challenges for designing salt stress-resilient crops. We focus on the model plant Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and the four most-studied crops: rice (Oryza sativa), wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays), and soybean (Glycine max).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Jianfang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100194, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Huang Y, Shi Y, Hu X, Zhang X, Wang X, Liu S, He G, An K, Guan F, Zheng Y, Wang X, Wei S. PnNAC2 promotes the biosynthesis of Panax notoginseng saponins and induces early flowering. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:73. [PMID: 38379012 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE PnNAC2 positively regulates saponin biosynthesis by binding the promoters of key biosynthetic genes, including PnSS, PnSE, and PnDS. PnNAC2 accelerates flowering through directly associating with the promoters of FT genes. NAC transcription factors play an important regulatory role in both terpenoid biosynthesis and flowering. Saponins with multiple pharmacological activities are recognized as the major active components of Panax notoginseng. The P. notoginseng flower is crucial for growth and used for medicinal and food purposes. However, the precise function of the P. notoginseng NAC transcription factor in the regulation of saponin biosynthesis and flowering remains largely unknown. Here, we conducted a comprehensive characterization of a specific NAC transcription factor, designated as PnNAC2, from P. notoginseng. PnNAC2 was identified as a nuclear-localized protein with transcription activator activity. The expression profile of PnNAC2 across various tissues mirrored the accumulation pattern of total saponins. Knockdown experiments of PnNAC2 in P. notoginseng calli revealed a significant reduction in saponin content and the expression level of pivotal saponin biosynthetic genes, including PnSS, PnSE, and PnDS. Subsequently, Y1H assays, dual-LUC assays, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs) demonstrated that PnNAC2 exhibits binding affinity to the promoters of PnSS, PnSE and PnDS, thereby activating their transcription. Additionally, an overexpression assay of PnNAC2 in Arabidopsis thaliana witnessed the acceleration of flowering and the induction of the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene expression. Furthermore, PnNAC2 demonstrated the ability to bind to the promoters of AtFT and PnFT genes, further activating their transcription. In summary, these results revealed that PnNAC2 acts as a multifunctional regulator, intricately involved in the modulation of triterpenoid saponin biosynthesis and flowering processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Huang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Shi
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuhua Hu
- School of Life and Science, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Shanhu Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaojie He
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Kelu An
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanyuan Guan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuyan Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengli Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
- Engineering Research Center of Good Agricultural Practice for Chinese Crude Drugs, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 102488, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Huang Y. Genome-wide identification and characterization of greenbug-inducible NAC transcription factors in sorghum. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:207. [PMID: 38270755 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09158-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is an important cereal crop grown worldwide because of its multipurpose uses such as food, forage, and bioenergy feedstock and its wide range of adaption even in marginal environments. Greenbug can cause severe damage to sorghum plants and yield loss. Plant NAC transcription factors (TFs) have been reported to have diverse functions in plant development and plant defense but has not been studied in sorghum yet. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the sorghum NAC (SbNAC) gene family was conducted through genome-wide analysis. A total of 112 NAC genes has been identified in the sorghum genome. These SbNAC genes are phylogenetically clustered into 15 distinct subfamilies and unevenly distribute in clusters at the telomeric ends of each chromosome. Twelve pairs of SbNAC genes are possibly involved in the segmental duplication among nine chromosomes except chromosome 10. Structure analysis showed the diverse structures with a highly variable number of exons in the SbNAC genes. Furthermore, most of the SbNAC genes showed specific temporal and spatial expression patterns according to the results of RNA-seq analysis, suggesting their diverse functions during sorghum growth and development. We have also identified nine greenbug-inducible SbNAC genes by comparing the expression profiles between two sorghum genotypes (susceptible BTx623 and resistant PI607900) in response to greenbug infestation. CONCLUSIONS Our systematic analysis of the NAC gene expression profiles provides both a preliminary survey into their roles in plant defense against insect pests and a useful reference for in-depth characterization of the SbNAC genes and the regulatory network that contributes genetic resistance to aphids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hengyou Zhang
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Yinghua Huang
- USDA-ARS Plant Science Research Laboratory, 1301 N. Western Road, Stillwater, OK, 74075, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang W, Zhi W, Qiao H, Huang J, Li S, Lu Q, Wang N, Li Q, Zhou Q, Sun J, Bai Y, Zheng X, Bai M, Van Breusegem F, Xiang F. H2O2-dependent oxidation of the transcription factor GmNTL1 promotes salt tolerance in soybean. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 36:112-135. [PMID: 37770034 PMCID: PMC10734621 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an essential role in plant growth and responses to environmental stresses. Plant cells sense and transduce ROS signaling directly via hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-mediated posttranslational modifications (PTMs) on protein cysteine residues. Here, we show that the H2O2-mediated cysteine oxidation of NAC WITH TRANS-MEMBRANE MOTIF1-LIKE 1 (GmNTL1) in soybean (Glycine max) during salt stress promotes its release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane and translocation to the nucleus. We further show that an oxidative posttranslational modification on GmNTL1 residue Cys-247 steers downstream amplification of ROS production by binding to and activating the promoters of RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG B (GmRbohB) genes, thereby creating a feed-forward loop to fine-tune GmNTL1 activity. In addition, oxidation of GmNTL1 Cys-247 directly promotes the expression of CATION H+ EXCHANGER 1 (GmCHX1)/SALT TOLERANCE-ASSOCIATED GENE ON CHROMOSOME 3 (GmSALT3) and Na+/H+ Antiporter 1 (GmNHX1). Accordingly, transgenic overexpression of GmNTL1 in soybean increases the H2O2 levels and K+/Na+ ratio in the cell, promotes salt tolerance, and increases yield under salt stress, while an RNA interference-mediated knockdown of GmNTL1 elicits the opposite effects. Our results reveal that the salt-induced oxidation of GmNTL1 promotes its relocation and transcriptional activity through an H2O2-mediated posttranslational modification on cysteine that improves resilience of soybean against salt stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenxiao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Wenjiao Zhi
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Hong Qiao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Jingjing Huang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shuo Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Qing Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Nan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Qiang Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Qian Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Jiaqi Sun
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Yuting Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Xiaojian Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Mingyi Bai
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Fengning Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, People's Republic China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Faysal Ahmed F, Dola FS, Zohra FT, Rahman SM, Konak JN, Sarkar MAR. Genome-wide identification, classification, and characterization of lectin gene superfamily in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.). PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294233. [PMID: 37956187 PMCID: PMC10642848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Lectins are sugar-binding proteins found abundantly in plants. Lectin superfamily members have diverse roles, including plant growth, development, cellular processes, stress responses, and defense against microbes. However, the genome-wide identification and functional analysis of lectin genes in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L.) remain unexplored. Therefore, we used integrated bioinformatics approaches (IBA) for in-depth genome-wide identification, characterization, and regulatory factor analysis of sweet orange lectin genes. Through genome-wide comparative analysis, we identified a total of 141 lectin genes distributed across 10 distinct gene families such as 68 CsB-Lectin, 13 CsLysin Motif (LysM), 4 CsChitin-Bind1, 1 CsLec-C, 3 CsGal-B, 1 CsCalreticulin, 3 CsJacalin, 13 CsPhloem, 11 CsGal-Lec, and 24 CsLectinlegB.This classification relied on characteristic domain and phylogenetic analysis, showing significant homology with Arabidopsis thaliana's lectin gene families. A thorough analysis unveiled common similarities within specific groups and notable variations across different protein groups. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis highlighted the predicted genes' roles in diverse cellular components, metabolic processes, and stress-related regulation. Additionally, network analysis of lectin genes with transcription factors (TFs) identified pivotal regulators like ERF, MYB, NAC, WRKY, bHLH, bZIP, and TCP. The cis-acting regulatory elements (CAREs) found in sweet orange lectin genes showed their roles in crucial pathways, including light-responsive (LR), stress-responsive (SR), hormone-responsive (HR), and more. These findings will aid in the in-depth molecular examination of these potential genes and their regulatory elements, contributing to targeted enhancements of sweet orange species in breeding programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fee Faysal Ahmed
- Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Farah Sumaiya Dola
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Tuz Zohra
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Jesmin Naher Konak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of LifeScience, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Santosh, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Abdur Rauf Sarkar
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Q, Hu F, Yao Z, Zhao X, Chu G, Ye J. Comprehensive genomic characterisation of the NAC transcription factor family and its response to drought stress in Eucommia ulmoides. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16298. [PMID: 37901460 PMCID: PMC10601904 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor family enhances plant adaptation to environmental challenges by participating in signalling pathways triggered by abiotic stressors and hormonal cues. We identified 69 NAC genes in the Eucommia ulmoides genome and renamed them according to their chromosomal distribution. These EuNAC proteins were clustered into 13 sub-families and distributed on 16 chromosomes and 2 scaffolds. The gene structures suggested that the number of exons varied from two to eight among these EuNACs, with a multitude of them containing three exons. Duplicated events resulted in a large gene family; 12 and four pairs of EuNACs were the result of segmental and tandem duplicates, respectively. The drought-stress response pattern of 12 putative EuNACs was observed under drought treatment, revealing that these EuNACs could play crucial roles in mitigating the effects of drought stress responses and serve as promising candidate genes for genetic engineering aimed at enhancing the drought stress tolerance of E. ulmoides. This study provides insight into the evolution, diversity, and characterisation of NAC genes in E. ulmoides and will be helpful for future characterisation of putative EuNACs associated with water deficit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - FengCheng Hu
- Lveyang County Forest Tree Seedling Workstation, Forestry Bureau of Lveyang County, Lveyang, China
| | - ZhaoQun Yao
- Laboratory of Plant Protection Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - XinFeng Zhao
- Lveyang County Forest Tree Seedling Workstation, Forestry Bureau of Lveyang County, Lveyang, China
| | - GuangMing Chu
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| | - Jing Ye
- Laboratory of Forestry Department, Agricultural College, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Katuuramu DN, Levi A, Wechter WP. Genetic control of flowering time and fruit yield in citron watermelon. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1236576. [PMID: 37881618 PMCID: PMC10595160 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1236576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time and fruit yield are important traits in watermelon crop improvement. There is limited information on the inheritance and genomic loci underlying flowering time and yield performance, especially in citron watermelon. A total of 125 citron watermelon accessions were evaluated in field trials over two growing seasons for days to male and female flowers, fruit count, fruit weight, and fruit yield. The germplasm was genotyped with more than two million single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated via whole-genome resequencing. Trait mapping was conducted using a genome-wide association study (GWAS). Broad-sense heritability for all traits ranged from moderate to high, indicating that genetic improvement through breeding and selection is feasible. Significant marker-trait associations were uncovered for days to female flower (chromosomes Ca04, Ca05, Ca08, and Ca09), fruit count (on Ca02, Ca03, and Ca05), fruit weight (on Ca02, Ca06, Ca08, Ca10, and Ca11), and fruit yield on chromosomes Ca05, Ca07, and Ca09. The phenotypic variation explained by the significant SNPs ranged from 1.6 to 25.4, highlighting the complex genetic architecture of the evaluated traits. Candidate genes relevant to flowering time and fruit yield component traits were uncovered on chromosomes Ca02, Ca04, Ca05, Ca06, Ca09, and Ca11. These results lay a foundation for marker-assisted trait introgression of flowering time and fruit yield component traits in watermelons.
Collapse
|
15
|
Burke R, McCabe A, Sonawane NR, Rathod MH, Whelan CV, McCabe PF, Kacprzyk J. Arabidopsis cell suspension culture and RNA sequencing reveal regulatory networks underlying plant-programmed cell death. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 115:1465-1485. [PMID: 37531399 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Programmed cell death (PCD) facilitates selective, genetically controlled elimination of redundant, damaged, or infected cells. In plants, PCD is often an essential component of normal development and can mediate responses to abiotic and biotic stress stimuli. However, studying the transcriptional regulation of PCD is hindered by difficulties in sampling small groups of dying cells that are often buried within the bulk of living plant tissue. We addressed this challenge by using RNA sequencing and Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cells, a model system that allows precise monitoring of PCD rates. The use of three PCD-inducing treatments (salicylic acid, heat, and critical dilution), in combination with three cell death modulators (3-methyladenine, lanthanum chloride, and conditioned medium), enabled isolation of candidate core- and stimuli-specific PCD genes, inference of underlying regulatory networks and identification of putative transcriptional regulators of PCD in plants. This analysis underscored a disturbance of the cell cycle and mitochondrial retrograde signaling, and repression of pro-survival stress responses, as key elements of the PCD-associated transcriptional signature. Further, phenotyping of Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutants in selected candidate genes validated the potential of generated resources to identify novel genes involved in plant PCD pathways and/or stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rory Burke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Aideen McCabe
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Neetu Ramesh Sonawane
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Meet Hasmukh Rathod
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Conor V Whelan
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Paul F McCabe
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Joanna Kacprzyk
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ye LX, Wu YM, Zhang JX, Zhang JX, Zhou H, Zeng RF, Zheng WX, Qiu MQ, Zhou JJ, Xie ZZ, Hu CG, Zhang JZ. A bZIP transcription factor (CiFD) regulates drought- and low-temperature-induced flowering by alternative splicing in citrus. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 65:674-691. [PMID: 36250511 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Drought and low temperature are two key environmental factors that induce adult citrus flowering. However, the underlying regulation mechanism is poorly understood. The bZIP transcription factor FD is a key component of the florigen activation complex (FAC) which is composed of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), FD, and 14-3-3 proteins. In this study, isolation and characterization of CiFD in citrus found that there was alternative splicing (AS) of CiFD, forming two different proteins (CiFDα and CiFDβ). Further investigation found that their expression patterns were similar in different tissues of citrus, but the subcellular localization and transcriptional activity were different. Overexpression of the CiFD DNA sequence (CiFD-DNA), CiFDα, or CiFDβ in tobacco and citrus showed early flowering, and CiFD-DNA transgenic plants were the earliest, followed by CiFDβ and CiFDα. Interestingly, CiFDα and CiFDβ were induced by low temperature and drought, respectively. Further analysis showed that CiFDα can form a FAC complex with CiFT, Ci14-3-3, and then bind to the citrus APETALA1 (CiAP1) promoter and promote its expression. However, CiFDβ can directly bind to the CiAP1 promoter independently of CiFT and Ci14-3-3. These results showed that CiFDβ can form a more direct and simplified pathway that is independent of the FAC complex to regulate drought-induced flowering through AS. In addition, a bHLH transcription factor (CibHLH96) binds to CiFD promoter and promotes the expression of CiFD under drought condition. Transgenic analysis found that CibHLH96 can promote flowering in transgenic tobacco. These results suggest that CiFD is involved in drought- and low-temperature-induced citrus flowering through different regulatory patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Ye
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Yan-Mei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin-Xia Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin-Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ren-Fang Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wei-Xuan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mei-Qi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing-Jing Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zong-Zhou Xie
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chun-Gen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jin-Zhi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Forestry Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Chirivì D, Betti C. Molecular Links between Flowering and Abiotic Stress Response: A Focus on Poaceae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:331. [PMID: 36679044 PMCID: PMC9866591 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Extreme temperatures, drought, salinity and soil pollution are the most common types of abiotic stresses crops can encounter in fields; these variations represent a general warning to plant productivity and survival, being more harmful when in combination. Plant response to such conditions involves the activation of several molecular mechanisms, starting from perception to signaling, transcriptional reprogramming and protein modifications. This can influence the plant's life cycle and development to different extents. Flowering developmental transition is very sensitive to environmental stresses, being critical to reproduction and to agricultural profitability for crops. The Poacee family contains some of the most widespread domesticated plants, such as wheat, barley and rice, which are commonly referred to as cereals and represent a primary food source. In cultivated Poaceae, stress-induced modifications of flowering time and development cause important yield losses by directly affecting seed production. At the molecular level, this reflects important changes in gene expression and protein activity. Here, we present a comprehensive overview on the latest research investigating the molecular pathways linking flowering control to osmotic and temperature extreme conditions in agronomically relevant monocotyledons. This aims to provide hints for biotechnological strategies that can ensure agricultural stability in ever-changing climatic conditions.
Collapse
|
18
|
Park HJ, Gámez-Arjona FM, Lindahl M, Aman R, Villalta I, Cha JY, Carranco R, Lim CJ, García E, Bressan RA, Lee SY, Valverde F, Sánchez-Rodríguez C, Pardo JM, Kim WY, Quintero FJ, Yun DJ. S-acylated and nucleus-localized SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE3/CALCINEURIN B-LIKE4 stabilizes GIGANTEA to regulate Arabidopsis flowering time under salt stress. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:298-317. [PMID: 36135824 PMCID: PMC9806564 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The precise timing of flowering in adverse environments is critical for plants to secure reproductive success. We report a mechanism in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) controlling the time of flowering by which the S-acylation-dependent nuclear import of the protein SALT OVERLY SENSITIVE3/CALCINEURIN B-LIKE4 (SOS3/CBL4), a Ca2+-signaling intermediary in the plant response to salinity, results in the selective stabilization of the flowering time regulator GIGANTEA inside the nucleus under salt stress, while degradation of GIGANTEA in the cytosol releases the protein kinase SOS2 to achieve salt tolerance. S-acylation of SOS3 was critical for its nuclear localization and the promotion of flowering, but partly dispensable for salt tolerance. SOS3 interacted with the photoperiodic flowering components GIGANTEA and FLAVIN-BINDING, KELCH REPEAT, F-BOX1 and participated in the transcriptional complex that regulates CONSTANS to sustain the transcription of CO and FLOWERING LOCUS T under salinity. Thus, the SOS3 protein acts as a Ca2+- and S-acylation-dependent versatile regulator that fine-tunes flowering time in a saline environment through the shared spatial separation and selective stabilization of GIGANTEA, thereby connecting two signaling networks to co-regulate the stress response and the time of flowering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marika Lindahl
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Rashid Aman
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus Program), Research Institute of Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Irene Villalta
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Joon-Yung Cha
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus Program), Research Institute of Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Raul Carranco
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Chae Jin Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, South Korea
| | - Elena García
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Ray A Bressan
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sang Yeol Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21plus Program), Research Institute of Life Sciences, Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - Federico Valverde
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | | | - Jose M Pardo
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry and Photosynthesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41092, Spain
| | - Woe-Yeon Kim
- Author for correspondence: (D.-J.Y.); (F.J.Q.); (W.-Y.K.)
| | | | - Dae-Jin Yun
- Author for correspondence: (D.-J.Y.); (F.J.Q.); (W.-Y.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Xiang YH, Yu JJ, Liao B, Shan JX, Ye WW, Dong NQ, Guo T, Kan Y, Zhang H, Yang YB, Li YC, Zhao HY, Yu HX, Lu ZQ, Lin HX. An α/β hydrolase family member negatively regulates salt tolerance but promotes flowering through three distinct functions in rice. MOLECULAR PLANT 2022; 15:1908-1930. [PMID: 36303433 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2022.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ongoing soil salinization drastically threatens crop growth, development, and yield worldwide. It is therefore crucial that we improve salt tolerance in rice by exploiting natural genetic variation. However, many salt-responsive genes confer undesirable phenotypes and therefore cannot be effectively applied to practical agricultural production. In this study, we identified a quantitative trait locus for salt tolerance from the African rice species Oryza glaberrima and named it as Salt Tolerance and Heading Date 1 (STH1). We found that STH1 regulates fatty acid metabolic homeostasis, probably by catalyzing the hydrolytic degradation of fatty acids, which contributes to salt tolerance. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that STH1 forms a protein complex with D3 and a vital regulatory factor in salt tolerance, OsHAL3, to regulate the protein abundance of OsHAL3 via the 26S proteasome pathway. Furthermore, we revealed that STH1 also serves as a co-activator with the floral integrator gene Heading date 1 to balance the expression of the florigen gene Heading date 3a under different circumstances, thus coordinating the regulation of salt tolerance and heading date. Notably, the allele of STH1 associated with enhanced salt tolerance and high yield is found in some African rice accessions but barely in Asian cultivars. Introgression of the STH1HP46 allele from African rice into modern rice cultivars is a desirable approach for boosting grain yield under salt stress. Collectively, our discoveries not only provide conceptual advances on the mechanisms of salt tolerance and synergetic regulation between salt tolerance and flowering time but also offer potential strategies to overcome the challenges resulted from increasingly serious soil salinization that many crops are facing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- You-Huang Xiang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-Jun Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ben Liao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Jun-Xiang Shan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wang-Wei Ye
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Nai-Qian Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tao Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Kan
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Yi-Bing Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ya-Chao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Huai-Yu Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Xiao Yu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zi-Qi Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Hong-Xuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Centre for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences and Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics & Development, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China; Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Chandra AK, Jha SK, Agarwal P, Mallick N, Niranjana M. Leaf rolling in bread wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is controlled by the upregulation of a pair of closely linked/duplicate zinc finger homeodomain class transcription factors during moisture stress conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1038881. [PMID: 36483949 PMCID: PMC9723156 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1038881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Zinc finger-homeodomain (ZF-HDs) class IV transcriptional factors (TFs) is a plant-specific transcription factor and play a key role in stress responses, plant growth, development, and hormonal signaling. In this study, two new leaf rolling TFs genes, namely TaZHD1 and TaZHD10, were identified in wheat using comparative genomic analysis of the target region that carried a major QTL for leaf rolling identified through multi-environment phenotyping and high throughput genotyping of a RIL population. Structural and functional annotation of the candidate ZHD genes with its closest rice orthologs reflects the species-specific evolution and, undoubtedly, validates the notions of remote-distance homology concept. Meanwhile, the morphological analysis resulted in contrasting difference for leaf rolling in extreme RILs between parental lines HD2012 and NI5439 at booting and heading stages. Transcriptome-wide expression profiling revealed that TaZHD10 transcripts showed significantly higher expression levels than TaZHD1 in all leaf tissues upon drought stress. The relative expression of these genes was further validated by qRT-PCR analysis, which also showed consistent results across the studied genotypes at the booting and anthesis stage. The contrasting modulation of these genes under drought conditions and the available evidenced for its epigenetic behavior that might involve the regulation of metabolic and gene regulatory networks. Prediction of miRNAs resulted in five Tae-miRs that could be associated with RNAi mediated control of TaZHD1 and TaZHD10 putatively involved in the metabolic pathway controlling rolled leaf phenotype. Gene interaction network analysis indicated that TaZHD1 and TaZHD10 showed pleiotropic effects and might also involve other functions in wheat in addition to leaf rolling. Overall, the results increase our understanding of TaZHD genes and provide valuable information as robust candidate genes for future functional genomics research aiming for the breeding of wheat varieties tolerant to leaf rolling.
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang X, Rehmani MS, Chen Q, Yan J, Zhao P, Li C, Zhai Z, Zhou N, Yang B, Jiang YQ. Rapeseed NAM transcription factor positively regulates leaf senescence via controlling senescence-associated gene expression. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 323:111373. [PMID: 35817290 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Leaf senescence is one of the most visible forms of programmed cell death in plants. It can be a seasonal adaptation in trees or the final stage in crops ensuring efficient translocation of nutrients to seeds. Along with developmental cues, various environmental factors could also trigger the onset of senescence through transcriptional cascades. Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop with its yielding affected by significant falling leaves as a result of leaf senescence, compared to many other crops. Therefore, a better understanding of leaf senescence and developing strategies controlling the progress of leaf senescence in rapeseed is necessary for warranting vegetable oil security. Here we functionally characterized the gene BnaNAM encoding No Apical Meristem (NAM) homologue to identify transcriptional regulation of leaf senescence in rapeseed. A combination of transient and stable expression techniques revealed overexpression of BnaNAM induced ROS production and leaf chlorosis. Quantitative evaluation of up-regulated genes in BnaNAM overexpression lines identified genes related to ROS production (RbohD, RbohF), proteases (βVPE, γVPE, SAG12, SAG15), chlorophyll catabolism (PaO, PPH) and nucleic acid degradation (BFN1) as the putative downstream targets. A dual luciferase-based transcriptional activation assay of selected promoters further confirmed BnaNAM mediated transactivation of promoters of the downstream genes. Finally, an electrophoretic mobility shift assay further confirmed direct binding of BnaNAM to promoters of βVPE, γVPE, SAG12, SAG15 and BFN1. Our results therefore demonstrate a novel role of BnaNAM in leaf senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Muhammad Saad Rehmani
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Qinqin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jingli Yan
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan province, China
| | - Peiyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zengkang Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Na Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Bo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuan-Qing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Integrative System Biology Analysis of Transcriptomic Responses to Drought Stress in Soybean (Glycine max L.). Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101732. [PMID: 36292617 PMCID: PMC9602024 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stressor that causes yield losses and limits the growing area for most crops. Soybeans are an important legume crop that is sensitive to water-deficit conditions and suffers heavy yield losses from drought stress. To improve drought-tolerant soybean cultivars through breeding, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of drought tolerance in soybeans. In this study, we applied several transcriptome datasets obtained from soybean plants under drought stress in comparison to those grown under normal conditions to identify novel drought-responsive genes and their underlying molecular mechanisms. We found 2168 significant up/downregulated differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 8 core modules using gene co-expression analysis to predict their biological roles in drought tolerance. Gene Ontology and KEGG analyses revealed key biological processes and metabolic pathways involved in drought tolerance, such as photosynthesis, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and cytokinin dehydrogenase activity, and regulation of systemic acquired resistance. Genome-wide analysis of plants’ cis-acting regulatory elements (CREs) and transcription factors (TFs) was performed for all of the identified DEG promoters in soybeans. Furthermore, the PPI network analysis revealed significant hub genes and the main transcription factors regulating the expression of drought-responsive genes in each module. Among the four modules associated with responses to drought stress, the results indicated that GLYMA_04G209700, GLYMA_02G204700, GLYMA_06G030500, GLYMA_01G215400, and GLYMA_09G225400 have high degrees of interconnection and, thus, could be considered as potential candidates for improving drought tolerance in soybeans. Taken together, these findings could lead to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying drought responses in soybeans, which may useful for engineering drought tolerance in plants.
Collapse
|
23
|
Huded AKC, Jingade P, Mishra MK, Ercisli S, Ilhan G, Marc RA, Vodnar D. Comparative genomic analysis and phylogeny of NAC25 gene from cultivated and wild Coffea species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1009733. [PMID: 36186041 PMCID: PMC9523601 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coffee is a high value agricultural commodity grown in about 80 countries. Sustainable coffee cultivation is hampered by multiple biotic and abiotic stress conditions predominantly driven by climate change. The NAC proteins are plants specific transcription factors associated with various physiological functions in plants which include cell division, secondary wall formation, formation of shoot apical meristem, leaf senescence, flowering embryo and seed development. Besides, they are also involved in biotic and abiotic stress regulation. Due to their ubiquitous influence, studies on NAC transcription factors have gained momentum in different crop plant species. In the present study, NAC25 like transcription factor was isolated and characterized from two cultivated coffee species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora and five Indian wild coffee species for the first time. The full-length NAC25 gene varied from 2,456 bp in Coffea jenkinsii to 2,493 bp in C. arabica. In all the seven coffee species, sequencing of the NAC25 gene revealed 3 exons and 2 introns. The NAC25 gene is characterized by a highly conserved 377 bp NAM domain (N-terminus) and a highly variable C terminus region. The sequence analysis revealed an average of one SNP per every 40.92 bp in the coding region and 37.7 bp in the intronic region. Further, the non-synonymous SNPs are 8-11 fold higher compared to synonymous SNPs in the non-coding and coding region of the NAC25 gene, respectively. The expression of NAC25 gene was studied in six different tissue types in C. canephora and higher expression levels were observed in leaf and flower tissues. Further, the relative expression of NAC25 in comparison with the GAPDH gene revealed four folds and eight folds increase in expression levels in green fruit and ripen fruit, respectively. The evolutionary relationship revealed the independent evolution of the NAC25 gene in coffee.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar C. Huded
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Unit of Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Board, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pavankumar Jingade
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Unit of Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Board, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Mishra
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Unit of Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Board, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Gulce Ilhan
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dan Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Song S, Willems LAJ, Jiao A, Zhao T, Eric Schranz M, Bentsink L. The membrane associated NAC transcription factors ANAC060 and ANAC040 are functionally redundant in the inhibition of seed dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5514-5528. [PMID: 35604925 PMCID: PMC9467645 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The NAC family of transcription factors is involved in plant development and various biotic and abiotic stresses. The Arabidopsis thaliana ANAC genes ANAC060, ANAC040, and ANAC089 are highly homologous based on protein and nucleotide sequence similarity. These three genes are predicted to be membrane bound transcription factors (MTFs) containing a conserved NAC domain, but divergent C-terminal regions. The anac060 mutant shows increased dormancy when compared with the wild type. Mutations in ANAC040 lead to higher seed germination under salt stress, and a premature stop codon in ANAC089 Cvi allele results in seeds exhibiting insensitivity to high concentrations of fructose. Thus, these three homologous MTFs confer distinct functions, although all related to germination. To investigate whether the differences in function are caused by a differential spatial or temporal regulation, or by differences in the coding sequence (CDS), we performed swapping experiments in which the promoter and CDS of the three MTFs were exchanged. Seed dormancy and salt and fructose sensitivity analyses of transgenic swapping lines in mutant backgrounds showed that there is functional redundancy between ANAC060 and ANAC040, but not between ANAC060 and ANAC089.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Song
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Leo A J Willems
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ao Jiao
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tao Zhao
- Present address: State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - M Eric Schranz
- Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
De Backer J, Van Breusegem F, De Clercq I. Proteolytic Activation of Plant Membrane-Bound Transcription Factors. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:927746. [PMID: 35774815 PMCID: PMC9237531 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Due to the presence of a transmembrane domain, the subcellular mobility plan of membrane-bound or membrane-tethered transcription factors (MB-TFs) differs from that of their cytosolic counterparts. The MB-TFs are mostly locked in (sub)cellular membranes, until they are released by a proteolytic cleavage event or when the transmembrane domain (TMD) is omitted from the transcript due to alternative splicing. Here, we review the current knowledge on the proteolytic activation mechanisms of MB-TFs in plants, with a particular focus on regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP), and discuss the analogy with the proteolytic cleavage of MB-TFs in animal systems. We present a comprehensive inventory of all known and predicted MB-TFs in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and examine their experimentally determined or anticipated subcellular localizations and membrane topologies. We predict proteolytically activated MB-TFs by the mapping of protease recognition sequences and structural features that facilitate RIP in and around the TMD, based on data from metazoan intramembrane proteases. Finally, the MB-TF functions in plant responses to environmental stresses and in plant development are considered and novel functions for still uncharacterized MB-TFs are forecasted by means of a regulatory network-based approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas De Backer
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frank Van Breusegem
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Inge De Clercq
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB)-Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Wang C, Li T, Liu Q, Li L, Feng Z, Yu S. Characterization and Functional Analysis of GhNAC82, A NAM Domain Gene, Coordinates the Leaf Senescence in Upland Cotton ( Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1491. [PMID: 35684264 PMCID: PMC9182992 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the process of growth and development, cotton exhibits premature senescence under various abiotic stresses, impairing yield and fiber quality. NAC (NAM, ATAF1,2, and CUC2) protein widely distributed in land plants, play the critical role in responding to abiotic stress and regulating leaf senescence. We have identified and functional analyzed a NAM domain gene GhNAC82 in upland cotton, it was located on the A11 chromosome 4,921,702 to 4,922,748 bp, only containing one exon. The spatio-temporal expression pattern analysis revealed that it was highly expressed in root, torus, ovule and fiber development stage. The results of qRT-PCR validated that GhNAC82 negatively regulated by salt stress, drought stress, H2O2 stress, IAA treatment, and ethylene treatment, positively regulated by the ABA and MeJA treatment. Moreover, heterologous overexpression of GhNAC82 results in leaf premature senescence and delays root system development in Arabidopsis thaliana. The phenotype of delayed-senescence was performed after silencing GhNAC82 by VIGS in premature cotton. Taken together, GhNAC82 was involved in different abiotic stress pathways and play important roles in negatively regulating leaf premature senescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenlei Wang
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (C.W.); (L.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (T.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Tengyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (T.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Qibao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (T.L.); (Q.L.)
| | - Libei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (C.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Zhen Feng
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (C.W.); (L.L.)
| | - Shuxun Yu
- The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province, College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (C.W.); (L.L.)
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang 455000, China; (T.L.); (Q.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
The Cell Membrane of a Novel Rhizobium phaseoli Strain Is the Crucial Target for Aluminium Toxicity and Tolerance. Cells 2022; 11:cells11050873. [PMID: 35269493 PMCID: PMC8909678 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Soils with low pH and high aluminium (Al) contamination restrict common bean production, mainly due to adverse effects on rhizobia. We isolated a novel rhizobium strain, B3, from Kenyan soil which is more tolerant to Al stress than the widely used commercial strain CIAT899. B3 was resistant to 50 µM Al and recovered from 100 µM Al stress, while CIAT899 did not. Calcein labeling showed that less Al binds to the B3 membranes and less ATP and mScarlet-1 protein, a cytoplasmic marker, leaked out of B3 than CIAT899 cells in Al-containing media. Expression profiles showed that the primary targets of Al are genes involved in membrane biogenesis, metal ions binding and transport, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism and transport. The identified differentially expressed genes suggested that the intracellular γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutathione (GSH), and amino acid levels, as well as the amount of the extracellular exopolysaccharide (EPS), might change during Al stress. Altered EPS levels could also influence biofilm formation. Therefore, these parameters were investigated in more detail. The GABA levels, extracellular EPS production, and biofilm formation increased, while GSH and amino acid level decreased. In conclusion, our comparative analysis identified genes that respond to Al stress in R. phaseoli. It appears that a large portion of the identified genes code for proteins stabilizing the plasma membrane. These genes might be helpful for future studies investigating the molecular basis of Al tolerance and the characterization of candidate rhizobial isolates that perform better in Al-contaminated soils than commercial strains.
Collapse
|
28
|
Zheng Y, Wang N, Zhang Z, Liu W, Xie W. Identification of Flowering Regulatory Networks and Hub Genes Expressed in the Leaves of Elymus sibiricus L. Using Comparative Transcriptome Analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:877908. [PMID: 35651764 PMCID: PMC9150504 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.877908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Flowering is a significant stage from vegetative growth to reproductive growth in higher plants, which impacts the biomass and seed yield. To reveal the flowering time variations and identify the flowering regulatory networks and hub genes in Elymus sibiricus, we measured the booting, heading, and flowering times of 66 E. sibiricus accessions. The booting, heading, and flowering times varied from 136 to 188, 142 to 194, and 148 to 201 days, respectively. The difference in flowering time between the earliest- and the last-flowering accessions was 53 days. Furthermore, transcriptome analyses were performed at the three developmental stages of six accessions with contrasting flowering times. A total of 3,526 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were predicted and 72 candidate genes were identified, including transcription factors, known flowering genes, and plant hormone-related genes. Among them, four candidate genes (LATE, GA2OX6, FAR3, and MFT1) were significantly upregulated in late-flowering accessions. LIMYB, PEX19, GWD3, BOR7, PMEI28, LRR, and AIRP2 were identified as hub genes in the turquoise and blue modules which were related to the development time of flowering by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of LIMYB found by multiple sequence alignment may cause late flowering. The expression pattern of flowering candidate genes was verified in eight flowering promoters (CRY, COL, FPF1, Hd3, GID1, FLK, VIN3, and FPA) and four flowering suppressors (CCA1, ELF3, Ghd7, and COL4) under drought and salt stress by qRT-PCR. The results suggested that drought and salt stress activated the flowering regulation pathways to some extent. The findings of the present study lay a foundation for the functional verification of flowering genes and breeding of new varieties of early- and late-flowering E. sibiricus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Na Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zongyu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Superior Forage Germplasm in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Xining, China
| | - Wengang Xie
- The State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wengang Xie
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Zuo X, Xiang W, Zhang L, Gao C, An N, Xing L, Ma J, Zhao C, Zhang D. Identification of apple TFL1-interacting proteins uncovers an expanded flowering network. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:2325-2340. [PMID: 34392388 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02770-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MdTFL1, a floral repressor, forms protein complexes with several proteins and could compete with MdFT1 to regulate reproductive development in apple. Floral transition is a key developmental stage in the annual growth cycle of perennial fruit trees that directly determines the fruit development in the subsequent stage. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT)/TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1) family is known to play a vital regulatory role in plant growth and flowering. In apple, the two TFL1-like genes (MdTFL1-1 and MdTFL1-2) function as floral inhibitors; however, their mechanism of action is still largely unclear. This study aimed to functionally validate MdTFL1 and probe into its mechanism of action in apple. MdTFL1-1 and MdTFL1-2 were expressed mainly in stem and apical buds of vegetative shoots, with little expression in flower buds and young fruit. Expression of MdTFL1-1 and MdTFL1-2 rapidly decreased during floral induction. On the other hand, transgenic Arabidopsis, which ectopically expressed MdTFL1-1 or MdTFL1-2, flowered later than wild-type plants; demonstrating their in planta capability to function redundantly as flower repressors. Furthermore, we identified hundreds of novel interaction proteins of the two apple MdTFL1 proteins using yeast two-hybrid screens. Independent experiments for several proteins confirmed the yeast two-hybrid interactions. Among them, the transcription factor Nuclear Factor-Y subunit C (MdNF-YC2) functions as a promoter of flowering in Arabidopsis by activating LEAFY (LFY) and APETALA1 (AP1) expression. MdFT1 showed a similar interaction pattern as MdTFL1, implying a possible antagonistic action in the regulation of flowering. These newly identified TFL1-interacting proteins (TIPs) not only expand the floral regulatory network, but may also introduce new roles for TFL1 in plant development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiya Zuo
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wen Xiang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Cai Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na An
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Libo Xing
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Juanjuan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Caiping Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lin Y, Liu G, Xue Y, Guo X, Luo J, Pan Y, Chen K, Tian J, Liang C. Functional Characterization of Aluminum (Al)-Responsive Membrane-Bound NAC Transcription Factors in Soybean Roots. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12854. [PMID: 34884659 PMCID: PMC8657865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The membrane-bound NAC transcription (NTL) factors have been demonstrated to participate in the regulation of plant development and the responses to multiple environmental stresses. This study is aimed to functionally characterize soybean NTL transcription factors in response to Al-toxicity, which is largely uncharacterized. The qRT-PCR assays in the present study found that thirteen out of fifteen GmNTL genes in the soybean genome were up-regulated by Al toxicity. However, among the Al-up-regulated GmNTLs selected from six duplicate gene pairs, only overexpressing GmNTL1, GmNTL4, and GmNTL10 could confer Arabidopsis Al resistance. Further comprehensive functional characterization of GmNTL4 showed that the expression of this gene in response to Al stress depended on root tissues, as well as the Al concentration and period of Al treatment. Overexpression of GmNTL4 conferred Al tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis in long-term (48 and 72 h) Al treatments. Moreover, RNA-seq assay identified 517 DEGs regulated by GmNTL4 in Arabidopsis responsive to Al stress, which included MATEs, ALMTs, PMEs, and XTHs. These results suggest that the function of GmNTLs in Al responses is divergent, and GmNTL4 might confer Al resistance partially by regulating the expression of genes involved in organic acid efflux and cell wall modification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lin
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Guoxuan Liu
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Yingbing Xue
- Department of Resources and Environmental Sciences, College of Chemistry and Environment, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China;
| | - Xueqiong Guo
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Jikai Luo
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Yaoliang Pan
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Kang Chen
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Jiang Tian
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| | - Cuiyue Liang
- Root Biology Center, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (G.L.); (X.G.); (J.L.); (Y.P.); (K.C.); (J.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Transcripts Associated with Flowering Time of Loquat (Eriobotya japonica Lindl.). HORTICULTURAE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae7070171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Flowering is an important phenophase of plant species, however, knowledge about the regulatory mechanism controlling flowering cues in loquat is limited. To identify candidate genes regulating flowering time in loquat, we used RNA-Seq technology to conduct a comparative transcriptome analysis of differentiating apical buds collected from the early-flowering variety ‘Baiyu’ and the late-flowering variety ‘Huoju’. A total of 28,842 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) were identified. Of these, 42 DETs controlled flowering time while 17 other DETs were associated with the ABA signaling pathway. Compared with those in ‘Huoju’, EjFT, EjFY, EjFLK, and EjCAL1-like were significantly upregulated in ‘Baiyu’. Moreover, transcripts of the ABA 8′-hydroxylases (EjABH2, EjABH4, and EjABH4-like2), the ABA receptors (EjPYL4/8), and the bZIP transcription factor EjABI5-like were upregulated in ‘Baiyu’ compared with ‘Huoju’. Hence, they might regulate loquat flowering time. There was no significant difference between ‘Baiyu’ and ‘Huoju’ in terms of IAA content. However, the ABA content was about ten-fold higher in the apical buds of ‘Baiyu’ than in those of ‘Huoju’. The ABA:IAA ratio sharply rose and attained a peak during bud differentiation. Thus, ABA is vital in regulating floral bud formation in loquat. The results of the present study help clarify gene transcription during loquat flowering.
Collapse
|
32
|
Hong L, Niu F, Lin Y, Wang S, Chen L, Jiang L. MYB106 is a negative regulator and a substrate for CRL3 BPM E3 ligase in regulating flowering time in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1104-1119. [PMID: 33470537 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time is crucial for successful reproduction in plants, the onset and progression of which are strictly controlled. However, flowering time is a complex and environmentally responsive history trait and the underlying mechanisms still need to be fully characterized. Post-translational regulation of the activities of transcription factors (TFs) is a dynamic and essential mechanism for plant growth and development. CRL3BPM E3 ligase is a CULLIN3-based E3 ligase involved in orchestrating protein stability via the ubiquitin proteasome pathway. Our study shows that the mutation of MYB106 induced early flowering phenotype while over-expression of MYB106 delayed Arabidopsis flowering. Transcriptome analysis of myb106 mutants reveals 257 differentially expressed genes between wild type and myb106-1 mutants, including Flowering Locus T (FT) which is related to flowering time. Moreover, in vitro electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA), in vivo chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ChIP-qPCR) assays and dual luciferase assays demonstrate that MYB106 directly binds to the promoter of FT to suppress its expression. Furthermore, we confirm that MYB106 interacts with BPM proteins which are further identified by CRL3BPM E3 ligases as the substrate. Taken together, we have identified MYB106 as a negative regulator in the control of flowering time and a new substrate for CRL3BPM E3 ligases in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hong
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fangfang Niu
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Youshun Lin
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Center for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Hong L, Niu F, Lin Y, Wang S, Chen L, Jiang L. MYB117 is a negative regulator of flowering time in Arabidopsis. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2021; 16:1901448. [PMID: 33779489 PMCID: PMC8078523 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2021.1901448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant flowering is crucial for the onset and progression of reproduction processes. The control of flowering time is a sophisticated system with multiple known regulatory mechanisms in plants. Here, we show that MYB117 participates in the flowering time regulation in Arabidopsis as myb117 mutants exhibited early flowering phenotypes under long-day condition. Transcriptome analysis of myb117 mutants revealed 410 differentially expressed genes between wild type and myb117-1 mutants, where selective genes including the Flowering Locus T (FT) were further confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis. Further, in vivo dual-luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) assays showed that MYB117 directly binds to the promoter of FT to suppress its expression. Taken together, we have revealed the transcriptome profile of myb117 mutants and identified MYB117 as a negative regulator in controlling flowering time through regulating the expression of FT in Arabidopsis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liu Hong
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fangfang Niu
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- CONTACT Fangfang Niu
| | - Youshun Lin
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Liyuan Chen
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- School of Chemical Biology & Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, Nanshan District, 518055, China
- Liyuan Chen Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Liwen Jiang
- Centre for Cell & Developmental Biology, State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology and Agricultural Biotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Singh S, Koyama H, Bhati KK, Alok A. The biotechnological importance of the plant-specific NAC transcription factor family in crop improvement. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2021; 134:475-495. [PMID: 33616799 PMCID: PMC8106581 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01270-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Climate change, malnutrition, and food insecurity are the inevitable challenges being faced by the agriculture sector today. Plants are susceptible to extreme temperatures during the crucial phases of flowering and seed development, and elevated carbon levels also lead to yield losses. Productivity is also affected by floods and droughts. Therefore, increasing plant yield and stress tolerance are the priorities to be met through novel biotechnological interventions. The contributions of NAC genes towards enhancing plant survivability under stress is well known. Here we focus on the potential of NAC genes in the regulation of abiotic stress tolerance, secondary cell wall synthesis, lateral root development, yield potential, seed size and biomass, ROS signaling, leaf senescence, and programmed cell death. Once naturally tolerant candidate NAC genes have been identified, and the nature of their association with growth and fitness against multi-environmental stresses has been determined, they can be exploited for building inherent tolerance in future crops via transgenic technologies. An update on the latest developments is provided in this review, which summarizes the current understanding of the roles of NAC in the establishment of various stress-adaptive mechanisms in model and food crop plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Singh
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India.
| | - Hiroyuki Koyama
- Laboratory of Plant Cell Technology, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Kaushal K Bhati
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Sciences, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Anshu Alok
- Department of Biotechnology, UIET, Punjab University, Chandigarh, India
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Singh S, Kudapa H, Garg V, Varshney RK. Comprehensive analysis and identification of drought-responsive candidate NAC genes in three semi-arid tropics (SAT) legume crops. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:289. [PMID: 33882825 PMCID: PMC8059324 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut are the primary legume crops of semi-arid tropics (SAT) and their global productivity is severely affected by drought stress. The plant-specific NAC (NAM - no apical meristem, ATAF - Arabidopsis transcription activation factor, and CUC - cup-shaped cotyledon) transcription factor family is known to be involved in majority of abiotic stresses, especially in the drought stress tolerance mechanism. Despite the knowledge available regarding NAC function, not much information is available on NAC genes in SAT legume crops. Results In this study, genome-wide NAC proteins – 72, 96, and 166 have been identified from the genomes of chickpea, pigeonpea, and groundnut, respectively, and later grouped into 10 clusters in chickpea and pigeonpea, while 12 clusters in groundnut. Phylogeny with well-known stress-responsive NACs in Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa (rice), Medicago truncatula, and Glycine max (soybean) enabled prediction of putative stress-responsive NACs in chickpea (22), pigeonpea (31), and groundnut (33). Transcriptome data revealed putative stress-responsive NACs at various developmental stages that showed differential expression patterns in the different tissues studied. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to validate the expression patterns of selected stress-responsive, Ca_NAC (Cicer arietinum - 14), Cc_NAC (Cajanus cajan - 15), and Ah_NAC (Arachis hypogaea - 14) genes using drought-stressed and well-watered root tissues from two contrasting drought-responsive genotypes of each of the three legumes. Based on expression analysis, Ca_06899, Ca_18090, Ca_22941, Ca_04337, Ca_04069, Ca_04233, Ca_12660, Ca_16379, Ca_16946, and Ca_21186; Cc_26125, Cc_43030, Cc_43785, Cc_43786, Cc_22429, and Cc_22430; Ah_ann1.G1V3KR.2, Ah_ann1.MI72XM.2, Ah_ann1.V0X4SV.1, Ah_ann1.FU1JML.2, and Ah_ann1.8AKD3R.1 were identified as potential drought stress-responsive candidate genes. Conclusion As NAC genes are known to play role in several physiological and biological activities, a more comprehensive study on genome-wide identification and expression analyses of the NAC proteins have been carried out in chickpea, pigeonpea and groundnut. We have identified a total of 21 potential drought-responsive NAC genes in these legumes. These genes displayed correlation between gene expression, transcriptional regulation, and better tolerance against drought. The identified candidate genes, after validation, may serve as a useful resource for molecular breeding for drought tolerance in the SAT legume crops. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-021-07602-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadhana Singh
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Himabindu Kudapa
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India.
| | - Vanika Garg
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics & Systems Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, India.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Yang S, Zhu H, Huang L, Zhang G, Wang L, Jiang X, Zhong Q. Transcriptome-wide and expression analysis of the NAC gene family in pepino ( Solanum muricatum) during drought stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e10966. [PMID: 33850643 PMCID: PMC8015785 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Solanum muricatum (Pepino) is an increasingly popular solanaceous crop and is tolerant of drought conditions. In this study, 71 NAC transcription factor family genes of S. muricatum were selected to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent in-depth study of their regulatory roles in the response to biological and abiotic stresses, and were subjected to whole-genome analysis. The NAC sequences obtained by transcriptome sequencing were subjected to bioinformatics prediction and analysis. Three concentration gradient drought stresses were applied to the plants, and the target gene sequences were analyzed by qPCR to determine their expression under drought stress. The results showed that the S. muricatum NAC family contains 71 genes, 47 of which have conserved domains. The protein sequence length, molecular weight, hydrophilicity, aliphatic index and isoelectric point of these transcription factors were predicted and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the S. muricatum NAC gene family is divided into seven subfamilies. Some NAC genes of S. muricatum are closely related to the NAC genes of Solanaceae crops such as tomato, pepper and potato. The seedlings of S. muricatum were grown under different gradients of drought stress conditions and qPCR was used to analyze the NAC expression in roots, stems, leaves and flowers. The results showed that 13 genes did not respond to drought stress while 58 NAC genes of S. muricatum that responded to drought stress had obvious tissue expression specificity. The overall expression levels in the root were found to be high. The number of genes at extremely significant expression levels was very large, with significant polarization. Seven NAC genes with significant responses were selected to analyze their expression trend in the different drought stress gradients. It was found that genes with the same expression trend also had the same or part of the same conserved domain. Seven SmNACs that may play an important role in drought stress were selected for NAC amino acid sequence alignment of Solanaceae crops. Four had strong similarity to other Solanaceae NAC amino acid sequences, and SmNAC has high homology with the Solanum pennellii. The NAC transcription factor family genes of S. muricatum showed strong structural conservation. Under drought stress, the expression of NAC transcription factor family genes of S. muricatum changed significantly, which actively responded to and participated in the regulation process of drought stress, thereby laying foundations for subsequent in-depth research of the specific functions of NAC transcription factor family genes of S. muricatum.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shipeng Yang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | | | - Liping Huang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Guangnan Zhang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Jiang
- Qinghai Higher Vocational & Technical Institute, Ledu, P.R. China, Xining, China
| | - Qiwen Zhong
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Physiology, Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Institute of Qinghai University, Qinghai University, Xining, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abolghasemi R, Haghighi M, Etemadi N, Wang S, Soorni A. Transcriptome architecture reveals genetic networks of bolting regulation in spinach. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:179. [PMID: 33853527 PMCID: PMC8045288 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02956-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bolting refers to the early flowering stem production on agricultural and horticultural crops before harvesting. Indeed, bolting is an event induced by the coordinated effects of various environmental factors and endogenous genetic components, which cause a large reduction in the quality and productivity of vegetable crops like spinach. However, little is known about the signaling pathways and molecular functions involved in bolting mechanisms in spinach. The genetic information regarding the transition from vegetative growth to the reproductive stage in spinach would represent an advantage to regulate bolting time and improvement of resistant cultivars to minimize performance loss. RESULTS To investigate the key genes and their genetic networks controlling spinach bolting, we performed RNA-seq analysis on early bolting accession Kashan and late-bolting accession Viroflay at both vegetative and reproductive stages and found a significant number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) ranging from 195 to 1230 in different comparisons. These genes were mainly associated with the signaling pathways of vernalization, photoperiod/circadian clock, gibberellin, autonomous, and aging pathways. Gene ontology analysis uncovered terms associated with carbohydrate metabolism, and detailed analysis of expression patterns for genes of Fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate aldolase, TREHALOSE-6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE 1, FLOWERING PROMOTING FACTOR 1, EARLY FLOWERING, GIGANTEA, and MADS-box proteins revealed their potential roles in the initiating or delaying of bolting. CONCLUSION This study is the first report on identifying bolting and flowering-related genes based on transcriptome sequencing in spinach, which provides insight into bolting control and can be useful for molecular breeding programs and further study in the regulation of the genetic mechanisms related to bolting in other vegetable crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Abolghasemi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Haghighi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nematollah Etemadi
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aboozar Soorni
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Li P, Peng Z, Xu P, Tang G, Ma C, Zhu J, Shan L, Wan S. Genome-Wide Identification of NAC Transcription Factors and Their Functional Prediction of Abiotic Stress Response in Peanut. Front Genet 2021; 12:630292. [PMID: 33767732 PMCID: PMC7985091 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.630292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The NAC transcription factor (TF) is one of the most significant TFs in plants and is widely involved in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. To date, there are no systematic studies on the NAC family in peanuts. Herein, 132 AhNACs were identified from the genome of cultivated peanut, and they were classified into eight subgroups (I–VIII) based on phylogenetic relationships with Arabidopsis NAC proteins and their conserved motifs. These genes were unevenly scattered on all 20 chromosomes, among which 116 pairs of fragment duplication events and 1 pair of tandem duplications existed. Transcriptome analysis showed that many AhNAC genes responded to drought and abscisic acid (ABA) stresses, especially most of the members in groups IV, VII, and VIII, which were expressed at larger differential levels under polyethylene glycol (PEG) and/or ABA treatment in roots or leaves. Furthermore, 20 of them selected in response to PEG and ABA treatment were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that these genes significantly responded to drought and ABA in roots and/or leaves. This study was helpful for guiding the functional characterization and improvement of drought-resistant germplasms in peanuts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Li
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Zhenying Peng
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Pingli Xu
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Guiying Tang
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Changle Ma
- College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Jieqiong Zhu
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Lei Shan
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Shubo Wan
- Bio-Tech Research Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China.,College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Zhang X, Cheng Z, Yao W, Zhao K, Wang X, Jiang T. Functional Characterization of PsnNAC036 under Salinity and High Temperature Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2656. [PMID: 33800795 PMCID: PMC7961394 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth and development are challenged by biotic and abiotic stresses including salinity and heat stresses. For Populus simonii × P. nigra as an important greening and economic tree species in China, increasing soil salinization and global warming have become major environmental challenges. We aim to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying tree tolerance to salt stress and high temprerature (HT) stress conditions. Transcriptomics revealed that a PsnNAC036 transcription factor (TF) was significantly induced by salt stress in P. simonii × P. nigra. This study focuses on addressing the biological functions of PsnNAC036. The gene was cloned, and its temporal and spatial expression was analyzed under different stresses. PsnNAC036 was significantly upregulated under 150 mM NaCl and 37 °C for 12 h. The result is consistent with the presence of stress responsive cis-elements in the PsnNAC036 promoter. Subcellular localization analysis showed that PsnNAC036 was targeted to the nucleus. Additionally, PsnNAC036 was highly expressed in the leaves and roots. To investigate the core activation region of PsnNAC036 protein and its potential regulatory factors and targets, we conducted trans-activation analysis and the result indicates that the C-terminal region of 191-343 amino acids of the PsnNAC036 was a potent activation domain. Furthermore, overexpression of PsnNAC036 stimulated plant growth and enhanced salinity and HT tolerance. Moreover, 14 stress-related genes upregulated in the transgenic plants under high salt and HT conditions may be potential targets of the PsnNAC036. All the results demonstrate that PsnNAC036 plays an important role in salt and HT stress tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Zihan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Wenjing Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China/Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Xueyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
| | - Tingbo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (Z.C.); (W.Y.); (K.Z.); (X.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Fang J, Chai Z, Yao W, Chen B, Zhang M. Interactions between ScNAC23 and ScGAI regulate GA-mediated flowering and senescence in sugarcane. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 304:110806. [PMID: 33568306 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Control of gene transcription is crucial to regulate plant growth and development events, such as flowering, leaf senescence, and seed germination. Here we identified a NAC transcription factor (ScNAC23) isolated from sugarcane (cv. ROC22). Analysis by qRT-PCR indicated that ScNAC23 expression was strongly induced in mature leaves and flowering varieties and was also responsive to exogenous treatment with the hormone gibberellin (GA). Ectopic expression of ScNAC23 in Arabidopsis accelerated bolting, flowering, and leaf senescence compared to wild type plants. Furthermore, Arabidopsis overexpressed ScNAC23 were more sensitive to GA than the wild type, and exogenous GA significantly accelerated flowering and senescence in the ScNAC23-overexpressed ones. A direct interaction between ScNAC23 and ScGAI, an inhibitor of GA signaling, was confirmed by yeast-two hybrid, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and GST-pull down assay. The putative GA-ScNAC23-LFY/SAGs regulator module might provide a new sight into the molecular action of GA to accelerating flowering and leaf senescence in sugarcane.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinlan Fang
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Zhe Chai
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| | - Wei Yao
- Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Baoshan Chen
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- State Key Lab for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agri-Biological Resources, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China; Guangxi Key Lab for Sugarcane Biology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Chen L, Wu F, Zhang J. NAC and MYB Families and Lignin Biosynthesis-Related Members Identification and Expression Analysis in Melilotus albus. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10020303. [PMID: 33562564 PMCID: PMC7914948 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Melilotus albus is an annual or biennial legume species that adapts to extreme environments via its high stress tolerance. NAC and MYB transcription factors (TFs) are involved in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis, which has not been studied in M. albus. A total of 101 MaNAC and 299 MaMYB members were identified based on M. albus genome. Chromosome distribution and synteny analysis indicated that some genes underwent tandem duplication. Ka/Ks analysis suggested that MaNACs and MaMYBs underwent strong purifying selection. Stress-, hormone- and development-related cis-elements and MYB-binding sites were identified in the promoter regions of MaNACs and MaMYBs. Five MaNACs, two MaMYBs and ten lignin biosynthesis genes were identified as presenting coexpression relationships according to weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Eleven and thirteen candidate MaNAC and MaMYB genes related to lignin biosynthesis were identified, respectively, and a network comprising these genes was constructed which further confirmed the MaNAC and MaMYB relationship. These candidate genes had conserved gene structures and motifs and were highly expressed in the stems and roots, and qRT-PCR further verified the expression patterns. Overall, our results provide a reference for determining the precise role of NAC and MYB genes in M. albus and may facilitate efforts to breed low-lignin-content forage cultivars in the future.
Collapse
|
42
|
Gawarecka K, Ahn JH. Isoprenoid-Derived Metabolites and Sugars in the Regulation of Flowering Time: Does Day Length Matter? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:765995. [PMID: 35003159 PMCID: PMC8738093 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.765995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In plants, a diverse set of pathways regulate the transition to flowering, leading to remarkable developmental flexibility. Although the importance of photoperiod in the regulation of flowering time is well known, increasing evidence suggests the existence of crosstalk among the flowering pathways regulated by photoperiod and metabolic pathways. For example, isoprenoid-derived phytohormones (abscisic acid, gibberellins, brassinosteroids, and cytokinins) play important roles in regulating flowering time. Moreover, emerging evidence reveals that other metabolites, such as chlorophylls and carotenoids, as well as sugar metabolism and sugar accumulation, also affect flowering time. In this review, we summarize recent findings on the roles of isoprenoid-derived metabolites and sugars in the regulation of flowering time and how day length affects these factors.
Collapse
|
43
|
Munir N, Yukun C, Xiaohui C, Nawaz MA, Iftikhar J, Rizwan HM, Xu S, Yuling L, Xuhan X, Zhongxiong L. Genome-wide identification and comprehensive analyses of NAC transcription factor gene family and expression patterns during somatic embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 157:169-184. [PMID: 33120109 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 form a huge plant-specific gene family of NAC TFs that are involved in the growth, development, and regulation of biotic and abiotic stress responses. Although the draft genome of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) has been published, however the comprehensive data regarding the functions, evolution, and expression patterns of the NAC family are still unavailable. In this study, a comprehensive analysis of the NAC transcription factor family in longan was performed, and a total of 114 NAC genes were found. We investigated the NAC gene family exploring the phylogeny, domain conservation, intron/exon, motifs, cis-regulatory elements, protein-protein interaction, and expression profiles of RNA-seq samples in different tissues and early somatic embryogenesis of longan. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genes with similar gene structure and motif distribution were clustered in the same group. Cis-element identification indicates the possible role of NAC genes in biological and physiological processes. Protein-protein interaction identified the DlNACs homologous with Arabidopsis proteins. We further investigated the expression pattern of DlNAC genes in different tissues (pulp, stem, large fruit, young fruit, and flower) during somatic embryogenesis at embryogenic callus (EC), incomplete compact pro-embryogenic cultures (ICpEC), and globular embryos (GE) stages. The qRT-PCR results showed that the DlNAC genes were expressed higher at EC and GE stage compared with ICpEC stage. In conclusion, our results provide insight into the evolution, diversity, and characterization of NAC genes in the longan and provide a base for understanding their biological roles and molecular mechanisms in plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nigarish Munir
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Yukun
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Chen Xiaohui
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Muhammad Azher Nawaz
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Junaid Iftikhar
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan
- Institute of Subtropical Fruit, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shen Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Lin Yuling
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Xu Xuhan
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Institute de la Recherché Interdisciplinary de Toulouse, IRIT-ARI, 31300, Toulouse, France.
| | - Lai Zhongxiong
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chen K, Guo Y, Song M, Liu L, Xue H, Dai H, Zhang Z. Dual role of MdSND1 in the biosynthesis of lignin and in signal transduction in response to salt and osmotic stress in apple. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2020; 7:204. [PMID: 33328445 PMCID: PMC7705020 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-020-00433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Clarifying the stress signal transduction pathway would be helpful for understanding the abiotic stress resistance mechanism in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) and could assist in the development of new varieties with high stress tolerance by genetic engineering. The key NAC transcription factor SND1, which is involved in the lignin biosynthesis process in apple, was functionally analyzed. The results of the stress treatments indicated that MdSND1 could be induced by salt, mannitol and ABA. Compared with wild-type GL-3 plants, MdSND1-overexpressing apple plants with greater antioxidant capacity and lignin were more resistant to salt and simulated osmotic stress, while RNAi plants were more vulnerable. Additionally, molecular experiments confirmed that MdSND1 could regulate the biosynthesis of lignin by activating the transcription of MdMYB46/83. Moreover, genes known to be involved in the stress signal transduction pathway (MdAREB1A, MdAREB1B, MdDREB2A, MdRD29A, and MdRD22) were screened for their close correlations with the expression of MdSND1 and the response to salt and osmotic stress. Multiple verification tests further demonstrated that MdSND1 could directly bind to these gene promoters and activate their transcription. The above results revealed that MdSND1 is directly involved in the regulation of lignin biosynthesis and the signal transduction pathway involved in the response to both salt and osmotic stress in apple.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keqin Chen
- Group of Molecular Biology of Fruit Trees, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Yunna Guo
- Group of Fruit Germplasm Evaluation & Utilization, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Mengru Song
- Group of Fruit Germplasm Evaluation & Utilization, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Lifu Liu
- Group of Fruit Germplasm Evaluation & Utilization, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Hao Xue
- Group of Molecular Biology of Fruit Trees, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China
| | - Hongyan Dai
- Group of Fruit Germplasm Evaluation & Utilization, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Group of Molecular Biology of Fruit Trees, College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110866, China.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Water Conservation and Plant Survival Strategies of Rhizobacteria under Drought Stress. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy10111683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Drylands are stressful environment for plants growth and production. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) acts as a rampart against the adverse impacts of drought stress in drylands and enhances plant growth and is helpful in agricultural sustainability. PGPR improves drought tolerance by implicating physio-chemical modifications called rhizobacterial-induced drought endurance and resilience (RIDER). The RIDER response includes; alterations of phytohormonal levels, metabolic adjustments, production of bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPS), biofilm formation, and antioxidant resistance, including the accumulation of many suitable organic solutes such as carbohydrates, amino acids, and polyamines. Modulation of moisture status by these PGPRs is one of the primary mechanisms regulating plant growth, but studies on their effect on plant survival are scarce in sandy/desert soil. It was found that inoculated plants showed high tolerance to water-deficient conditions by delaying dehydration and maintaining the plant’s water status at an optimal level. PGPR inoculated plants had a high recovery rate after rewatering interms of similar biomass at flowering compared to non-stressed plants. These rhizobacteria enhance plant tolerance and also elicit induced systemic resistance of plants to water scarcity. PGPR also improves the root growth and root architecture, thereby improving nutrient and water uptake. PGPR promoted accumulation of stress-responsive plant metabolites such as amino acids, sugars, and sugar alcohols. These metabolites play a substantial role in regulating plant growth and development and strengthen the plant’s defensive system against various biotic and abiotic stresses, in particular drought stress.
Collapse
|
46
|
Large-Scale Cloning and Comparative Analysis of TaNAC Genes in Response to Stripe Rust and Powdery Mildew in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091073. [PMID: 32932603 PMCID: PMC7564338 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The NAM, ATAF1/2, and CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors (TFs) constitute the largest plant-specific TF superfamily, and play important roles in various physiological processes, including stress responses. Stripe rust and powdery mildew are the most damaging of the fungal diseases that afflict wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). However, studies on Triticum aestivum NAC (TaNAC)s’ role in resistance to the two diseases are still limited, especially in an overall comparative analysis of TaNACs responding or not to fungal stress. In the present study, 186 TaNAC transcripts were obtained from the resistant hexaploid wheat line N9134 under fungal stress, and 180 new transcripts were submitted to GenBank. Statistical results show that 35.1% (54/154) of TaNAC genes responded to stripe rust and powdery mildew in the seedling stage. “Abnormal” coding transcripts of differentially expressed (DE)-TaNAC genes in wheat responding to fungal stress were found in a significantly higher proportion (24/117 vs. 8/69, p = 0.0098) than in non-DE-NACs. This hinted that the alternative splicing of TaNAC genes was active in transcriptional or post-transcriptional regulation during plant-pathogen interactions. Full-length NAC proteins were classified into nine groups via phylogenetic analysis. Multiple-sequence alignment revealed diversity in the C-terminal structural organization, but the differentially expressed gene (DEG)-encoding proteins enriched in Subgroups VI and VII were conserved, with WV[L/V]CR amino acid residues in Motif 7 following the NAM domain. Our data that showed TaNAC TFs responded to fungal disease, which was affected by expression levels and by the regulation of multifarious transcript variants. These data for TaNAC responses to stripe rust and/or powdery mildew and their numerous structural variants provide a good resource for NAC function–mechanism analysis in the context of biotic-stress tolerance in wheat.
Collapse
|
47
|
Chang Y, Yu R, Feng J, Chen H, Eri H, Gao G. NAC transcription factor involves in regulating bacterial wilt resistance in potato. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2020; 47:925-936. [PMID: 32454004 DOI: 10.1071/fp19331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial wilt (BW) is a serious disease that affects potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) production. Although resistance to this disease has been reported, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we identified a NAC family transcription factor (StNACb4) from potato and characterised its structure, function, expression, its localisation at the tissue and its role in BW resistance. To this end, the transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana Domin lines were generated in which the expression of NACb4 was constitutively upregulated or suppressed using RNAi. Different tobacco mutants were stained after inoculating with Ralstonia solanacearum to observe the cell death and callose deposition. The results indicated that StNACb4 could be upregulated under the induction of R. solanacearum, and salicylic acid, abscisic acid and methyl jasmonate could also induce the expression of StNACb4. Tissue localisation analysis indicated that its expression was tissue specific, and it was mainly in the phloem of the vascular system of stems and leaves. NbNACb4 gene silencing can enhance the sensitivity of tobacco to R. solanacearum; on the contrary, StNACb4 gene overexpression can enhance the tolerance of tobacco to R. solanacearum. Meanwhile, StNACb4 gene overexpression can induce cell death and callose deposition in tobacco. The upregulated expression of StNACb4 can also activate the StPR10 gene expression. Our results provide important new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial wilt resistance in potato.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yannan Chang
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Ruimin Yu
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Jinlin Feng
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Huize Chen
- Cell Biology Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Hemu Eri
- Function Food Laboratory, College of Food Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China
| | - Gang Gao
- Genetic Engineering Laboratory, College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041000, China; and Corresponding author.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Genome-Wide Analysis of the Role of NAC Family in Flower Development and Abiotic Stress Responses in Cleistogenes songorica. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11080927. [PMID: 32806602 PMCID: PMC7464430 DOI: 10.3390/genes11080927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-specific NAC (NAM, ATAF, CUC) transcription factor (TF) family plays important roles in biological processes such as plant growth and response to stress. Nevertheless, no information is known about NAC TFs in Cleistogenes songorica, a prominent xerophyte desert grass in northwestern China. In this study, 162 NAC genes were found from the Cleistogenes songorica genome, among which 156 C. songoricaNAC (CsNAC) genes (96.3%) were mapped onto 20 chromosomes. The phylogenetic tree constructed by CsNAC and rice NAC TFs can be separated into 14 subfamilies. Syntenic and Ka/Ks analyses showed that CsNACs were primarily expanded by genomewide replication events, and purifying selection was the primary force driving the evolution of CsNAC family genes. The CsNAC gene expression profiles showed that 36 CsNAC genes showed differential expression between cleistogamous (CL) and chasmogamous (CH) flowers. One hundred and two CsNAC genes showed differential expression under heat, cold, drought, salt and ABA treatment. Twenty-three CsNAC genes were commonly differentially expressed both under stress responses and during dimorphic floret development. Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, coexpression network and qRT-PCR tests revealed that these CsNAC genes may simultaneously regulate dimorphic floret development and the response to stress. Our results may help to characterize the NAC transcription factors in C. songorica and provide new insights into the functional research and application of the NAC family in crop improvement, especially in dimorphic floret plants.
Collapse
|
49
|
Yu Y, Qiao L, Chen J, Rong Y, Zhao Y, Cui X, Xu J, Hou X, Dong CH. Arabidopsis REM16 acts as a B3 domain transcription factor to promote flowering time via directly binding to the promoters of SOC1 and FT. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:1386-1398. [PMID: 32391591 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Actin depolymerizing factor (ADF) is a key modulator for dynamic organization of actin cytoskeleton. Interestingly, it was found that the ADF1 gene silencing delays flowering, but its mechanism remains unclear. In this study, ADF1 was used as a bait to screen its interacting proteins by the yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) system. One of them, the REM16 transcription factor was identified. As one of the AP2/B3-like transcriptional factor family members, the REM16 contains two B3 domains and its transcript levels kept increasing during the floral transition stage. Overexpression of REM16 accelerates flowering while silencing of REM16 delays flowering. Gene expression analysis indicated that the key flowering activation genes such as CONSTANS (CO), FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), LEAFY (LFY) and SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS (SOC1) were upregulated in the REM16 overexpression lines, while the transcription of the flowering suppression gene FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) was decreased. In contrast, the REM16 gene silencing lines contained lower transcript levels of the CO, FT, LFY and SOC1 but higher transcript levels of the FLC compared with the wild-type plants. It was proved that REM16 could directly bind to the promoter regions of SOC1 and FT by in vitro and in vivo assays. Genetic analysis supported that REM16 acts upstream of SOC1 and FT in flowering pathways. All these studies provided strong evidence demonstrating that REM16 promotes flowering by directly activating SOC1 and FT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanchong Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Longfei Qiao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiacai Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongheng Rong
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuhang Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiankui Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jinpeng Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chun-Hai Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhao Y, Antoniou-Kourounioti RL, Calder G, Dean C, Howard M. Temperature-dependent growth contributes to long-term cold sensing. Nature 2020; 583:825-829. [PMID: 32669706 PMCID: PMC7116785 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2485-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor in the growth and development of all organisms1,2. Plants have to interpret temperature fluctuations, over hourly to monthly timescales, to align their growth and development with the seasons. Much is known about how plants respond to acute thermal stresses3,4, but the mechanisms that integrate long-term temperature exposure remain unknown. The slow, winter-long upregulation of VERNALIZATION INSENSITIVE 3 (VIN3)5-7, a PHD protein that functions with Polycomb repressive complex 2 to epigenetically silence FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) during vernalization, is central to plants interpreting winter progression5,6,8-11. Here, by a forward genetic screen, we identify two dominant mutations of the transcription factor NTL8 that constitutively activate VIN3 expression and alter the slow VIN3 cold induction profile. In the wild type, the NTL8 protein accumulates slowly in the cold, and directly upregulates VIN3 transcription. Through combining computational simulation and experimental validation, we show that a major contributor to this slow accumulation is reduced NTL8 dilution due to slow growth at low temperatures. Temperature-dependent growth is thus exploited through protein dilution to provide the long-term thermosensory information for VIN3 upregulation. Indirect mechanisms involving temperature-dependent growth, in addition to direct thermosensing, may be widely relevant in long-term biological sensing of naturally fluctuating temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Zhao
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | | | - Grant Calder
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - Caroline Dean
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| | - Martin Howard
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
| |
Collapse
|