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Guo J, Zhang L, Guo R. Relative humidity prediction with covariates and error correction based on SARIMA-EG-ECM model. MODELING EARTH SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENT 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37361700 PMCID: PMC10013300 DOI: 10.1007/s40808-023-01738-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
RH is a physical quantity measuring atmospheric water vapor content. Predicting RH is of great importance in weather, climate, industrial production, crops, human health, and disease transmission, since it is helpful in making critical decisions. In this paper, the effects of covariates and error correction on relative humidity (RH) prediction have been studied, and a hybrid model based on seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) model, cointegration (EG), and error correction model (ECM) named SARIMA-EG-ECM (SEE) has been proposed. The prediction model was performed in the meteorological observations of Hailun Agricultural Ecology Experimental Station, China. Based on the SARIMA model, the meteorological variables that interact with RH were used as covariates to perform EG tests. A cointegration model has been constructed. It revealed that RH had a cointegration relationship with air temperature (TEMP), dew point temperature (DEWP), precipitation (PRCP), atmospheric pressure (ATMO), sea-level pressure (SLP), and 40 cm soil temperature (40ST), which revealed the long-term equilibrium relationship between series. An ECM was established which indicated that the current fluctuations of DEWP, ATMO, and SLP have a significant impact on the current fluctuations of RH. The established ECM describes the short-term fluctuation relationship between the series. With the increase of the forecast horizon from 6 to 12 months, the prediction performance of the SEE model decreased slightly. A comparative study has also been introduced, indicating that the SEE performs superior to SARIMA and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Guo
- College of Science, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Science, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
| | - Ruqiang Guo
- College of Science, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 China
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Prokopoviča V, Ievinsh G. Ranunculus sceleratus as a Model Species to Decrypt the Role of Ethylene in Plant Adaptation to Salinity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:plants12020370. [PMID: 36679083 PMCID: PMC9862674 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop an experimental system for an exploration of ethylene-dependent responses using intact growing Ranunculus sceleratus plants and to approbate the system for assessing the role of ethylene in salinity tolerance and ion accumulation. Plants were cultivated in sealed plastic containers in a modified gaseous atmosphere by introducing ethylene or 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), a competitive inhibitor of ethylene action. High humidity inside the containers induced a fast elongation of the leaf petioles of R. sceleratus. The effect was ethylene-dependent, as 1-MCP completely blocked it, but exogenous ethylene further promoted petiole elongation. Exogenous ethylene decreased (by 48%) but 1-MCP increased (by 48%) the Na+ accumulation in leaf blades of NaCl-treated plants. The experimental system was further calibrated with ethylene and silica xerogel, and the optimum concentrations were found for inducing leaf petiole elongation (10 μL L-1 ethylene) and preventing leaf petiole elongation (200 g silica xerogel per 24 L), respectively. The second experiment involved a treatment with NaCl in the presence of 1-MCP, ethylene, or 1-MCP + ethylene, both in normal and high air humidity conditions. In high humidity conditions, NaCl inhibited petiole elongation by 25% and ethylene treatment fully reversed this inhibition and stimulated elongation by 12% in comparison to the response of the control plants. Treatment with 1-MCP fully prevented this ethylene effect. In normal humidity conditions, NaCl inhibited petiole elongation by 20%, which was reversed by ethylene without additional elongation stimulation. However, 1-MCP only partially inhibited the ethylene effect on petiole elongation. In high humidity conditions, ethylene inhibited Na+ accumulation in NaCl-treated plants by 14%, but 1-MCP reversed this effect. In conclusion, the stimulation of endogenous ethylene production in R. sceleratus plants at a high air humidity or in flooded conditions reverses the inhibitory effect of salinity on plant growth and concomitantly inhibits the accumulation of Na+ in tissues. R. sceleratus is a highly promising model species for use in studies regarding ethylene-dependent salinity responses and ion accumulation potential involving the manipulation of a gaseous environment.
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Ahmed S, Kouser S, Asgher M, Gandhi SG. Plant aquaporins: A frontward to make crop plants drought resistant. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1089-1105. [PMID: 33826759 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress alters gene expression and causes cellular damage in crop plants. Drought inhibits photosynthesis by reducing the content and the activity of the photosynthetic carbon reduction cycle, ultimately decreasing the crop yield. The role of aquaporins (AQP) in improving the growth and adaptation of crop plants under drought stress is of importance. AQP form channels and control water transport in and out of the cells and are associated with drought tolerance mechanisms. The current review addresses: (1) the evolution of AQPs in plants, (2) the classification of plant AQPs, (3) the role of AQPs in drought alleviation in crop plants, and (4) the phytohormone crosstalk with AQPs in crops exposed to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Ahmed
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
| | - Shaista Kouser
- Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Mohd Asgher
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri, India
| | - Sumit G Gandhi
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Tan X, Liu M, Du N, Zwiazek JJ. Ethylene enhances root water transport and aquaporin expression in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) exposed to root hypoxia. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:227. [PMID: 34020594 PMCID: PMC8140438 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-02995-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Root hypoxia has detrimental effects on physiological processes and growth in most plants. The effects of hypoxia can be partly alleviated by ethylene. However, the tolerance mechanisms contributing to the ethylene-mediated hypoxia tolerance in plants remain poorly understood. RESULTS In this study, we examined the effects of root hypoxia and exogenous ethylene treatments on leaf gas exchange, root hydraulic conductance, and the expression levels of several aquaporins of the plasma membrane intrinsic protein group (PIP) in trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings. Ethylene enhanced net photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and root hydraulic conductance in hypoxic plants. Of the two subgroups of PIPs (PIP1 and PIP2), the protein abundance of PIP2s and the transcript abundance of PIP2;4 and PIP2;5 were higher in ethylene-treated trembling aspen roots compared with non-treated roots under hypoxia. The increases in the expression levels of these aquaporins could potentially facilitate root water transport. The enhanced root water transport by ethylene was likely responsible for the increase in leaf gas exchange of the hypoxic plants. CONCLUSIONS Exogenous ethylene enhanced root water transport and the expression levels of PIP2;4 and PIP2;5 in hypoxic roots of trembling aspen. The results suggest that ethylene facilitates the aquaporin-mediated water transport in plants exposed to root hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Tan
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, AB, T6G 2E3, Edmonton, Canada
- Institute of Soil and Water Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengmeng Liu
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, AB, T6G 2E3, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Ning Du
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 266237, Qingdao, China
| | - Janusz J Zwiazek
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, AB, T6G 2E3, Edmonton, Canada.
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Lyu J, Wu Y, Jin X, Tang Z, Liao W, Dawuda MM, Hu L, Xie J, Yu J, Calderón-Urrea A. Proteomic analysis reveals key proteins involved in ethylene-induced adventitious root development in cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.). PeerJ 2021; 9:e10887. [PMID: 33868797 PMCID: PMC8034359 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms involved in adventitious root formation reflect the adaptability of plants to the environment. Moreover, the rooting process is regulated by endogenous hormone signals. Ethylene, a signaling hormone molecule, has been shown to play an essential role in the process of root development. In the present study, in order to explore the relationship between the ethylene-induced adventitious rooting process and photosynthesis and energy metabolism, the iTRAQ technique and proteomic analysis were employed to ascertain the expression of different proteins that occur during adventitious rooting in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) seedlings. Out of the 5,014 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs), there were 115 identified DEPs, among which 24 were considered related to adventitious root development. Most of the identified proteins were related to carbon and energy metabolism, photosynthesis, transcription, translation and amino acid metabolism. Subsequently, we focused on S-adenosylmethionine synthase (SAMS) and ATP synthase subunit a (AtpA). Our findings suggest that the key enzyme, SAMS, upstream of ethylene synthesis, is directly involved in adventitious root development in cucumber. Meanwhile, AtpA may be positively correlated with photosynthetic capacity during adventitious root development. Moreover, endogenous ethylene synthesis, photosynthesis, carbon assimilation capacity, and energy material metabolism were enhanced by exogenous ethylene application during adventitious rooting. In conclusion, endogenous ethylene synthesis can be improved by exogenous ethylene additions to stimulate the induction and formation of adventitious roots. Moreover, photosynthesis and starch degradation were enhanced by ethylene treatment to provide more energy and carbon sources for the rooting process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lyu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yue Wu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xin Jin
- College of Agriculture and Forestry Science, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Zhongqi Tang
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Weibiao Liao
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mohammed Mujitaba Dawuda
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Department of Horticulture, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana
| | - Linli Hu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianming Xie
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jihua Yu
- College of Horticulture, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China.,Gansu Provincial Key Laboratory of Arid Land Crop Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Alejandro Calderón-Urrea
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Mathematics, California State University, CA, USA.,College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Puértolas J, Pardos M, de Ollas C, Albacete A, Dodd IC. Soil moisture heterogeneity regulates water use in Populus nigra L. by altering root and xylem sap phytohormone concentrations. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:762-773. [PMID: 32193548 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Soil moisture heterogeneity in the root zone is common both during the establishment of tree seedlings and in experiments aiming to impose semi-constant soil moisture deficits, but its effects on regulating plant water use compared with homogenous soil drying are not well known in trees. Pronounced vertical soil moisture heterogeneity was imposed on black poplar (Populus nigra L.) grown in soil columns by altering irrigation frequency, to test whether plant water use, hydraulic responses, root phytohormone concentrations and root xylem sap chemical composition differed between wet (well-watered, WW), and homogeneously (infrequent deficit irrigation, IDI) and heterogeneously dry soil (frequent deficit irrigation, FDI). At the same bulk soil water content, FDI plants had greater water use than IDI plants, probably because root abscisic acid (ABA) concentration was low in the upper wetter layer of FDI plants, which maintained root xylem sap ABA concentration at basal levels in contrast with IDI. Soil drying did not increase root xylem concentration of any other hormone. Nevertheless, plant-to-plant variation in xylem jasmonic acid (JA) concentration was negatively related to leaf stomatal conductance within WW and FDI plants. However, feeding detached leaves with high (1200 nM) JA concentrations via the transpiration stream decreased transpiration only marginally. Xylem pH and sulphate concentration decreased in FDI plants compared with well-watered plants. Frequent deficit irrigation increased root accumulation of the cytokinin trans-zeatin (tZ), especially in the dry lower layer, and of the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), in the wet upper soil layer. Root hormone accumulation might explain the maintenance of high root hydraulic conductance and water use in FDI plants (similar to well-watered plants) compared with IDI plants. In irrigated tree crops, growers could vary irrigation scheduling to control water use by altering the hormone balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Puértolas
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
| | - Marta Pardos
- Centro de Investigación Forestal (CIFOR), Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Crta A Coruña s/n, Madrid E-28040, Spain
| | - Carlos de Ollas
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Campus Riu Sec, Castelló de la Plana E-12071, Spain
| | - Alfonso Albacete
- Departamento de Nutrición Vegetal, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura (CEBAS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus Universitario de Espinardo, Espinardo, Murcia E-30100, Spain
- Departamento de Producción Vegetal y Agrotecnologýa, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Alimentario (IMIDA), C/Mayor s/n, La Alberca, Murcia E-30150, Spain
| | - Ian C Dodd
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, UK
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