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Serwanga J, Oluka GK, Baine C, Ankunda V, Sembera J, Kato L, Katende JS, Odoch G, Auma BO, Gombe B, Musenero M, Kaleebu P. Persistent and robust antibody responses to ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine observed in Ugandans across varied baseline immune profiles. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303113. [PMID: 39074077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-induced antibody responses in varied antigenic and serological prior exposures can guide optimal vaccination strategies for enhanced immunogenicity. We evaluated spike (S)-directed IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody optical densities (ODs) and concentrations to the two-dose ChAdOx1-S Oxford-AstraZeneca (ChAdOx1-S, Covishield) SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in 67 Ugandans, categorised by prior infection and baseline S-IgG histories: uninfected and S-IgG-negative (n = 12); previously infected yet S-IgG-negative (n = 17); and previously infected with S-IgG-positive status (n = 38). Antibody dynamics were compared across eight timepoints from baseline till nine months. S-IgG antibodies remained consistently potent across all groups. Individuals with prior infections maintained robust S-IgG levels, underscoring the endurance of hybrid immunity. In contrast, those without prior exposure experienced an initial surge in S-IgG after the primary dose but no subsequent significant increase post-boost. However, they reached levels parallel to the previously exposed groups. S-IgM levels remained moderate, while S-IgA persisted in individuals with prior antigen exposure. ChAdOx1-S, Covishield vaccine elicited robust and sustained antibody responses in recipients, irrespective of their initial immune profiles. Hybrid immunity showed higher responses, aligning with global observations. Early post-vaccination antibody levels could predict long-term immunity, particularly in individuals without virus exposure. These findings can inform vaccine strategies and pandemic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Serwanga
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Gerald Kevin Oluka
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Claire Baine
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Violet Ankunda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Jackson Sembera
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Laban Kato
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Joseph Ssebwana Katende
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Geoffrey Odoch
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Betty Oliver Auma
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Ben Gombe
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
| | - Monica Musenero
- Science, Technology, and Innovation Secretariat, Office of the President, Government of Uganda, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Pontiano Kaleebu
- Viral Pathogens Theme, MRC/UVRI & London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda
- Department of Immunology, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe, Uganda
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Dudley MZ, Gerber JE, Budigan Ni H, Blunt M, Holroyd TA, Carleton BC, Poland GA, Salmon DA. Vaccinomics: A scoping review. Vaccine 2023; 41:2357-2367. [PMID: 36803903 PMCID: PMC10065969 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This scoping review summarizes a key aspect of vaccinomics by collating known associations between heterogeneity in human genetics and vaccine immunogenicity and safety. METHODS We searched PubMed for articles in English using terms covering vaccines routinely recommended to the general US population, their effects, and genetics/genomics. Included studies were controlled and demonstrated statistically significant associations with vaccine immunogenicity or safety. Studies of Pandemrix®, an influenza vaccine previously used in Europe, were also included, due to its widely publicized genetically mediated association with narcolepsy. FINDINGS Of the 2,300 articles manually screened, 214 were included for data extraction. Six included articles examined genetic influences on vaccine safety; the rest examined vaccine immunogenicity. Hepatitis B vaccine immunogenicity was reported in 92 articles and associated with 277 genetic determinants across 117 genes. Thirty-three articles identified 291 genetic determinants across 118 genes associated with measles vaccine immunogenicity, 22 articles identified 311 genetic determinants across 110 genes associated with rubella vaccine immunogenicity, and 25 articles identified 48 genetic determinants across 34 genes associated with influenza vaccine immunogenicity. Other vaccines had fewer than 10 studies each identifying genetic determinants of their immunogenicity. Genetic associations were reported with 4 adverse events following influenza vaccination (narcolepsy, GBS, GCA/PMR, high temperature) and 2 adverse events following measles vaccination (fever, febrile seizure). CONCLUSION This scoping review identified numerous genetic associations with vaccine immunogenicity and several genetic associations with vaccine safety. Most associations were only reported in one study. This illustrates both the potential of and need for investment in vaccinomics. Current research in this field is focused on systems and genetic-based studies designed to identify risk signatures for serious vaccine reactions or diminished vaccine immunogenicity. Such research could bolster our ability to develop safer and more effective vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Z Dudley
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jennifer E Gerber
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Survey Research Division, RTI International, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Haley Budigan Ni
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Office of Health Equity, California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA, USA
| | - Madeleine Blunt
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Taylor A Holroyd
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; International Vaccine Access Center, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bruce C Carleton
- Division of Translational Therapeutics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Pharmaceutical Outcomes Programme, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory A Poland
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Mayo Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel A Salmon
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Vaccine Safety, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Joshi SS, Davis RP, Ma MM, Tam E, Cooper CL, Ramji A, Kelly EM, Jayakumar S, Swain MG, Jenne CN, Coffin CS. Reduced immune responses to hepatitis B primary vaccination in obese individuals with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:9. [PMID: 33431890 PMCID: PMC7801497 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-020-00266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and cirrhosis are associated with poor hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine responses, but vaccine efficacy has not been assessed in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Sixty-eight HBV-naïve adults with NAFLD were enrolled through the Canadian HBV network and completed three-dose HBV or HBV/HAV vaccine (Engerix-B®, or Twinrix®, GlaxoSmithKline). Anti-HBs titers were measured at 1-3 months post third dose. In 31/68 subjects enrolled at the coordinating-site, T-cell proliferation and follicular T-helper cells (pTFH) were assessed using PBMC. Immune response was also studied in NAFLD mice. NAFLD patients were stratified as low-risk-obesity, BMI < 35 (N = 40) vs. medium-high-risk obesity, BMI > 35 (N = 28). Anti-HBs titers were lower in medium/high-risk obesity, 385 IU/L ± 79 vs. low-risk obesity class, 642 IU/L ± 68.2, p = 0.02. High-risk obesity cases, N = 14 showed lower vaccine-specific-CD3+ CD4+ T-cell response compared to low-risk obesity patients, N = 17, p = 0.02. Low vaccine responders showed dysfunctional pTFH. NAFLD mice showed lower anti-HBs levels and T-cell response vs. controls. In conclusion, we report here that obese individuals with NAFLD exhibit decreased HBV vaccine-specific immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivali S Joshi
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Rachelle P Davis
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Mang M Ma
- University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Edward Tam
- Pacific Gastroenterology Associates, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Alnoor Ramji
- Division of Gastroenterology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Erin M Kelly
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Saumya Jayakumar
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Mark G Swain
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Craig N Jenne
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Infectious Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Carla S Coffin
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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O'Connor D, Png E, Khor CC, Snape MD, Hill AVS, van der Klis F, Hoggart C, Levin M, Hibberd ML, Pollard AJ. Common Genetic Variations Associated with the Persistence of Immunity following Childhood Immunization. Cell Rep 2020; 27:3241-3253.e4. [PMID: 31189108 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2019.05.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccines have revolutionized public health, preventing millions of deaths each year, particularly in childhood. Yet, there is considerable variability in the magnitude and persistence of vaccine-induced immunity. Maintenance of specific antibody is essential for continuity of vaccine-induced serological protection. We conducted a genome-wide association study into the persistence of immunity to three childhood vaccines: capsular group C meningococcal (MenC), Haemophilus influenzae type b, and tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccines. We detail associations between variants in a locus containing a family of signal-regulatory proteins and the persistence MenC immunity. We postulate a regulatory role for the lead SNP, with supporting epigenetic and expression quantitative trait loci data. Furthermore, we define associations between SNPs in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) locus and the persistence of TT-specific immunity. Moreover, we describe four classical HLA alleles, HLA DRB1∗0301, HLA DQB1∗0201, HLA DQB1∗0602, and HLA DRB1∗1501, associated with TT-specific immunity, independent of the lead SNP association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel O'Connor
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK.
| | - Eileen Png
- Infectious Diseases, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Infectious Diseases, Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Matthew D Snape
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Adrian V S Hill
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK; Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fiona van der Klis
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control Netherlands, RIVM, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Clive Hoggart
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Michael Levin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Martin L Hibberd
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Department of Pathogen Molecular Biology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andrew J Pollard
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford, UK
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A Global View to HBV Chronic Infection: Evolving Strategies for Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention in Immunocompetent Individuals. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16183307. [PMID: 31505743 PMCID: PMC6766235 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16183307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is a significant public health challenge. Around 250 million people live with chronic HBV infection. With a global approach to this issue, we focus on new perspective in diagnosis, management and prevention of HBV chronic infection. Precise diagnosis of HBV status is crucial to guide patient management. Although available drugs reduce the risk of liver disease progression, they are not able to definitely eradicate HBV, and new therapeutic options are urgently needed. Thus, prevention of HBV infection is still the most effective strategy to achieve the control of the disease. Key aspects of prevention programs include surveillance of viral hepatitis, screening programs and immunization strategies. In spite of the high success rate of licensed HBV vaccines, a need for improved vaccine persists, especially in order to provide coverage of current non-responders.
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Akcay IM, Katrinli S, Ozdil K, Doganay GD, Doganay L. Host genetic factors affecting hepatitis B infection outcomes: Insights from genome-wide association studies. World J Gastroenterol 2018; 24:3347-3360. [PMID: 30122875 PMCID: PMC6092584 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i30.3347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The clinical outcome of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection depends on the success or failure of the immune responses to HBV, and varies widely among individuals, ranging from asymptomatic self-limited infection, inactive carrier state, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, to liver failure. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified key genetic factors influencing the pathogenesis of HBV-related traits. In this review, we discuss GWAS for persistence of HBV infection, antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine, and HBV-related advanced liver diseases. HBV persistence is associated with multiple genes with diverse roles in immune mechanisms. The strongest associations are found within the classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, highlighting the central role of antigen presentation in the immune response to HBV. Associated variants affect both epitope binding specificities and expression levels of HLA molecules. Several other susceptibility genes regulate the magnitude of adaptive immune responses, determining immunity vs tolerance. HBV persistence and nonresponse to vaccine share the same risk variants, implying overlapping genetic bases. On the other hand, the risk variants for HBV-related advanced liver diseases are largely different, suggesting different host-virus dynamics in acute vs chronic HBV infections. The findings of these GWAS are likely to pave the way for developing more effective preventive and therapeutic interventions by personalizing the management of HBV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izzet Mehmet Akcay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Seyma Katrinli
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Kamil Ozdil
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Umraniye Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34764, Turkey
| | - Gizem Dinler Doganay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Levent Doganay
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Umraniye Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul 34764, Turkey
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Wiener HW, Shrestha S, Lu H, Karita E, Kilembe W, Allen S, Hunter E, Goepfert PA, Tang J. Immunogenetic factors in early immune control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: Evaluation of HLA class I amino acid variants in two African populations. Hum Immunol 2017; 79:166-171. [PMID: 29289742 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune control of HIV-1 infection depends heavily on cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses restricted by diverse HLA class I molecules. Recent work has uncovered specific amino acid residues (AARs) that seem to dictate the extent of immune control in African Americans, which prompted us to test these emerging hypotheses in seroconverters (SCs) from southern and eastern Africa. Based on data from 196 Zambians and 76 Rwandans with fully resolved HLA alleles and pre-therapy HIV-1 viral loads (VL) in the first 3- to 36-month of infection (>2300 person-visits), four AARs of primary interest (positions 63, 97, 116 and 245 in the mature HLA-B protein) were found to explain 8.1% and 15.8% of variance in set-point VL for these cohorts (P = .024 and 7.5 × 10-6, respectively). Two AARs not reported previously (167S in HLA-B and 116F in HLA-C) also showed relatively consistent associations with VL (adjusted P = .009-.069), while many population-specific associations were also noted (false discovery rate <0.05). Extensive and often strong linkage disequilibrium among neighboring AAR variants called for more extensive analyses of AAR haplotypes in diverse cohorts before the structural basis of antigen presentation can be fully comprehended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howard W Wiener
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Sadeep Shrestha
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Hailin Lu
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | | | | | - Susan Allen
- Zambia-Emory HIV Research Project, Lusaka, Zambia; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eric Hunter
- Vaccine Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Paul A Goepfert
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Jianming Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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Kauke T, Link M, Rentsch M, Stangl M, Guba M, Andrassy J, Werner J, Meiser B, Fischereder M, Habicht A. Antibody response to HBV vaccination on dialysis does not correlate with the development of deNovo anti-HLA antibodies after renal transplantation. Transpl Immunol 2017; 42:5-8. [PMID: 28457920 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2017.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Response to Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination can be diminished in some (50-80%) but not all dialysis patients. We hypothesized, that the response to vaccination on dialysis may correlate with the development of anti-HLA antibodies after renal transplantation and might therefore be a valuable parameter to predict alloresponses. METHODS The response to HBV vaccination on dialysis and the development of deNovo anti-HLA antibodies post-transplant was analyzed in 188 non-immunized renal transplant recipients. The response to HBV vaccination was evaluated by measuring the anti-HBs titer at time of transplantation. Anti-HLA antibodies post-transplant were monitored by serial measurements by means of Luminex. Acute rejection episodes, graft loss and renal dysfunction were assessed within a median follow-up of 5.5years. RESULTS One hundred and forty-one patients (75%) exhibited an adequate immune response to HBV vaccination on dialysis. Vaccine responder (R) and none responder (NR) did not differ with respect to age, gender and BMI, while R spend significantly more time on dialysis before transplantation (4.58±3.35 vs 3.23±2.55 years, p=0.033). More NR developed deNovo anti-HLA antibodies (27.7 vs 22.7%, p=0.554) and donor-specific anti-HLA antibodies (23.4 vs 14.2%, p=0.173) in comparison to R. Accordingly, the number of acute rejections was higher in NR as compared to R (36.1 vs 24.1%, p=0.130) while graft survival was similar in both groups. CONCLUSION Contrary to our hypothesis antibody response to HBV vaccination on dialysis does not predict the development of anti-HLA antibodies post transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Kauke
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University Hospital Munich, Germany; Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | | | - Markus Rentsch
- Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Stangl
- Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Guba
- Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Joachim Andrassy
- Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Jens Werner
- Clinic for General, Visceral-, Transplantation-, Vascular- and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno Meiser
- Transplant Center, University Hospital Munich, Germany
| | | | - Antje Habicht
- Transplant Center, University Hospital Munich, Germany.
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Minimal association of alleles of human leukocyte antigen class II gene and long-term antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine vaccinated during infancy. Vaccine 2017; 35:2457-2462. [PMID: 28320591 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system plays critical roles in regulating immune responses to various vaccines. This study aimed to evaluate the association of HLA class II gene polymorphisms and the long-term duration of anti-HBs response in children vaccinated against hepatitis B during infancy. METHODS Totally 297 children 5-7years after the completion of primary vaccination against hepatitis B in infancy, without booster immunization or natural resolved infection, were enrolled. Of them, 86 children with anti-HBs <10mIU/ml were considered as long-term non- or hypo-responders, and 211 others with anti-HBs ≥10mIU/ml were defined as long-term responders. Ten alleles in HLA-DR and -DQ subregions were detected by polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers. RESULTS The frequency of HLA-DQB1∗0401 was 15.1% in the long-term non- or hypo-responder group, relatively higher than 7.6% in the long-term responder group (OR=2.17, 95% CI 1.01-4.73), however, the difference had no statistical significance after Bonferroni correction (P=0.470). The frequencies of seven HLA-DRB1 alleles, including ∗01, ∗03, ∗04, ∗07, ∗08, ∗11, and ∗1301/1302, and two HLA-DQB1 alleles, including ∗0201 and ∗0501, were each similarly distributed in the long-term non- or hypo-responders and responders respectively. CONCLUSION None of the ten HLA class II gene alleles previously reported to be related with short-term antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine is associated with the long-term antibody response after vaccination during infantile.
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John M, Gaudieri S, Mallal S. Immunogenetics and Vaccination. HUMAN VACCINES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802302-0.00005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Raven S, Hautvast J, Steenbergen JV, Akkermans R, Weykamp C, Smits F, Hoebe C, Vossen A. Diagnostic performance of serological assays for anti-HBs testing: Results from a quality assessment program. J Clin Virol 2016; 87:17-22. [PMID: 27987422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-vaccination testing after hepatitis B vaccination is indispensable to evaluate long-term immunological protection. Using a threshold level of antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) to define serological protection, implies reproducible and valid measurements of different diagnostic assays. OBJECTIVES In this study we assess the performance of currently used anti-HBs assays. STUDY DESIGN In 2013, 45 laboratories participated in an external quality assessment program using pooled anti-HBs serum samples around the cutoff values 10IU/l and 100IU/l. Laboratories used either Axsym (Abbott Laboratories), Architect (Abbott Laboratories), Access (Beckman-Coulter), ADVIA Centaur anti-HBs2 (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics), Elecsys, Modular or Cobas (Roche Diagnostics) or Vidas Total Quick (Biomerieux) for anti-HBs titre quantification. We analysed covariance using mixed-model repeated measures. To assess sensitivity/specificity and agreement, a true positive or true negative result was defined as an anti-HBs titre respectively above or below the cutoff value by ≥4 of 6 assays. RESULTS Different anti-HBs assays were associated with statistically significant (P<0.05) differences in anti-HBs titres in all dilutions. Sensitivity and specificity ranged respectively from 64%-100% and 95%-100%. Agreement between assays around an anti-HBs titre cutoff value of 10IU/l ranged from 93%-100% and was 44% for a cutoff value of 100IU/l. CONCLUSIONS Around a cutoff value of 10IU/l use of the Access assay may result in false-negative results. Concerning the cutoff value of 100IU/l, a sample being classified below or above this cutoff relied heavily on the specific assay used, with both the Architect and the Access resulting in false-negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn Raven
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health AMPHI, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Jeannine Hautvast
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health AMPHI, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Jim van Steenbergen
- Centre for Infectious Disease Control, Netherlands Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands; Centre of Infectious Diseases, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Reinier Akkermans
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health AMPHI, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Cas Weykamp
- MCA Laboratory, Queen Beatrix Hospital, Winterswijk, The Netherlands; On behalf of the Dutch Foundation for Quality Assessment in Medical Laboratories (SKML), The Netherlands
| | - Francis Smits
- Academic Collaborative Centre for Public Health AMPHI, Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Hoebe
- Department of Sexual Health, Infectious Diseases and Environmental Health, South Limburg Public Health Service, The Netherlands; Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care (CAPHRI), Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Ann Vossen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Netherlands
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Garman L, Vineyard AJ, Crowe SR, Harley JB, Spooner CE, Collins LC, Nelson MR, Engler RJM, James JA. Humoral responses to independent vaccinations are correlated in healthy boosted adults. Vaccine 2014; 32:5624-31. [PMID: 25140930 PMCID: PMC4323156 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Revised: 07/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Roughly half of U.S. adults do not receive recommended booster vaccinations, but protective antibody levels are rarely measured in adults. Demographic factors, vaccination history, and responses to other vaccinations could help identify at-risk individuals. We sought to characterize rates of seroconversion and determine associations of humoral responses to multiple vaccinations in healthy adults. METHODS Humoral responses toward measles, mumps, tetanus toxoid, pertussis, hepatitis B surface antigen, and anthrax protective antigen were measured by ELISA in post-immunization samples from 1465 healthy U.S. military members. We examined the effects of demographic and clinical factors on immunization responses, as well as assessed correlations between vaccination responses. RESULTS Subsets of boosted adults did not have seroprotective levels of antibodies toward measles (10.4%), mumps (9.4%), pertussis (4.7%), hepatitis B (8.6%) or protective antigen (14.4%) detected. Half-lives of antibody responses were generally long (>30 years). Measles and mumps antibody levels were correlated (r=0.31, p<0.001), but not associated with select demographic features or vaccination history. Measles and mumps antibody levels also correlated with tetanus antibody response (r=0.11, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS Vaccination responses are predominantly robust and vaccine specific. However, a small but significant portion of the vaccinated adult population may not have quantitative seroprotective antibody to common vaccine-preventable infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Garman
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Amanda J Vineyard
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - Sherry R Crowe
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA
| | - John B Harley
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; Cincinnati Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45220, USA
| | | | - Limone C Collins
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Michael R Nelson
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Renata J M Engler
- Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Judith A James
- Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Department of Arthritis and Clinical Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; Oklahoma University Health Science Center, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
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14
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Ovsyannikova IG, Pankratz VS, Salk HM, Kennedy RB, Poland GA. HLA alleles associated with the adaptive immune response to smallpox vaccine: a replication study. Hum Genet 2014; 133:1083-92. [PMID: 24880604 PMCID: PMC4127812 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-014-1449-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported HLA allelic associations with vaccinia virus (VACV)-induced adaptive immune responses in a cohort of healthy individuals (n = 1,071 subjects) after a single dose of the licensed smallpox (Dryvax) vaccine. This study demonstrated that specific HLA alleles were significantly associated with VACV-induced neutralizing antibody (NA) titers (HLA-B*13:02, *38:02, *44:03, *48:01, and HLA-DQB1*03:02, *06:04) and cytokine (HLA-DRB1*01:03, *03:01, *10:01, *13:01, *15:01) immune responses. We undertook an independent study of 1,053 healthy individuals and examined associations between HLA alleles and measures of adaptive immunity after a single dose of Dryvax-derived ACAM2000 vaccine to evaluate previously discovered HLA allelic associations from the Dryvax study and determine if these associations are replicated with ACAM2000. Females had significantly higher NA titers than male subjects in both study cohorts [median ID50 discovery cohort 159 (93, 256) vs. 125 (75, 186), p < 0.001; replication cohort 144 (82, 204) vs. 110 (61, 189), p = 0.024]. The association between the DQB1*03:02 allele (median ID50 discovery cohort 152, p = 0.015; replication cohort 134, p = 0.010) and higher NA titers was replicated. Two HLA associations of comparable magnitudes were consistently found between DRB1*04:03 and DRB1*08:01 alleles and IFN-γ ELISPOT responses. The association between the DRB1*15:01 allele with IFN-γ secretion was also replicated (median pg/mL discovery cohort 182, p = 0.052; replication cohort 203, p = 0.014). Our results suggest that smallpox vaccine-induced adaptive immune responses are significantly influenced by HLA gene polymorphisms. These data provide information for functional studies and design of novel candidate smallpox vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna G. Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - V. Shane Pankratz
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Hannah M. Salk
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Richard B. Kennedy
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Gregory A. Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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15
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Osthoff M, Irungu E, Ngure K, Mugo N, Thomas KK, Baeten JM, Eisen DP. Mannose-binding lectin and ficolin-2 do not influence humoral immune response to hepatitis B vaccine. Vaccine 2014; 32:4772-7. [PMID: 25024112 PMCID: PMC4374143 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host genetics appear to be an important factor in the failure to generate a protective immune response after hepatitis B (HBV) vaccination. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) and ficolin-2 (FCN2), two pattern recognition receptors of the lectin pathway of complement, influence the clinical outcome of HBV, and MBL deficiency has been shown to augment the humoral response to HBV vaccination in several experimental models. Here, we investigated the association of MBL and FCN2 with the humoral response to HBV vaccination in a candidate gene and functional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS A post hoc analysis of a prospective, interventional HBV vaccination study among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) uninfected individuals in Kenya was conducted. Serum levels and polymorphisms of MBL and FCN2 were analysed in relation to the immune response to HBV vaccination. RESULTS Protective hepatitis B surface antibody levels (≥ 10 mI U/mL) were evident in 251/293 (85.7%) individuals. Median MBL and FCN2 levels were similar in responders vs. non-responders with a weak trend towards lower median MBL levels in non-responders (1.0 vs. 1.6μg/mL, p=0.1). Similarly, there was no difference in four MBL and six FCN2 polymorphisms analysed in the two groups with the exception of an increased frequency of a homozygous MBL codon 57 mutation in non-responders (4 (9.5%) vs. 8 (3.2%), p=0.05) corresponding to lower MBL levels. Results were similar after adjusting for age and sex. CONCLUSIONS Our study does not support a prominent role of the lectin pathway of complement in general and MBL and FCN2 in particular in the humoral immune response to HBV vaccination in African adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Osthoff
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Kenneth Ngure
- Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Nelly Mugo
- Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Jared M Baeten
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Damon P Eisen
- Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
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16
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Middleman AB, Baker CJ, Kozinetz CA, Kamili S, Nguyen C, Hu DJ, Spradling PR. Duration of protection after infant hepatitis B vaccination series. Pediatrics 2014; 133:e1500-7. [PMID: 24843060 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2013-2940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about duration of protection after the infant primary series of hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in settings of low HB endemicity. This study sought to determine the proportion of adolescents immunized as infants who had protective titers of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) before and after a challenge dose of vaccine. METHODS US-born 16- through 19-year-olds who received a recombinant HB vaccine 3-dose series initiated within 7 days of birth (group 1) or at ≥4 weeks of age (group 2) and completed by 12 months of age were enrolled. Participants had serologic testing before and 2 weeks after randomization to receive a challenge dose of 10 µg or 20 µg of Engerix-B. Baseline and postchallenge levels of anti-HBs were compared by group, challenge dosage, and demographic and behavioral characteristics. RESULTS At baseline, 24% had protective anti-HBs levels of ≥10 IU/mL; 92% achieved protective levels after challenge dose. Although group 1 had a lower proportion of seroprotection at baseline, group and challenge dosage were not associated with postchallenge proportion of seroprotection. Being in group 2, higher test dosage, higher baseline geometric mean titer, and nonwhite race were associated with significantly higher geometric mean titer after challenge dose. CONCLUSIONS More than 90% of study participants immunized against HB as infants exhibited a seroprotective response to a challenge dose of vaccine. Duration of protection from the primary infant HB vaccine series extended through the adolescent years in the setting of low HB endemicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy B Middleman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma;
| | - Carol J Baker
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Claudia A Kozinetz
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Saleem Kamili
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Chi Nguyen
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and
| | - Dale J Hu
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
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17
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Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Lambert ND, Haralambieva IH, Poland GA. The personal touch: strategies toward personalized vaccines and predicting immune responses to them. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 13:657-69. [PMID: 24702429 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.905744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The impact of vaccines on public health and wellbeing has been profound. Smallpox has been eradicated, polio is nearing eradication, and multiple diseases have been eliminated from certain areas of the world. Unfortunately, we now face diseases such as hepatitis C, malaria or tuberculosis, as well as new and re-emerging pathogens for which we lack effective vaccines. Empirical approaches to vaccine development have been successful in the past, but may not be up to the current infectious disease challenges facing us. New, directed approaches to vaccine design, development, and testing need to be developed. Ideally these approaches will capitalize on cutting-edge technologies, advanced analytical and modeling strategies, and up-to-date knowledge of both pathogen and host. These approaches will pay particular attention to the causes of inter-individual variation in vaccine response in order to develop new vaccines tailored to the unique needs of individuals and communities within the population.
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18
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Pan L, Zhang L, Zhang W, Wu X, Li Y, Yan B, Zhu X, Liu X, Yang C, Xu J, Zhou G, Xu A, Li H, Liu Y. A genome-wide association study identifies polymorphisms in the HLA-DR region associated with non-response to hepatitis B vaccination in Chinese Han populations. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:2210-9. [PMID: 24282030 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against hepatitis B virus is an effective and routine practice that can prevent infection. However, 5-10% of healthy adults fail to produce protective levels of antibody against the hepatitis B vaccination. It has been reported that host genetic variants might affect the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination. Here, we reported a genome-wide association study in a Chinese Han population consisting of 108 primary high-responders and 77 booster non-responders to hepatitis B vaccination using the Illumina HumanOmniExpress Beadchip. We identified 21 SNPs at 6p21.32 were significantly associated with non-response to booster hepatitis B vaccination (P-value <1 × 10(-6)). The most significant SNP in the region was rs477515, located ∼12 kb upstream of the HLA-DRB1 gene. Its P-value (4.81 × 10(-8)) exceeded the Bonferroni-corrected genome-wide significance threshold. Four tagging SNPs (rs477515, rs28366298, rs3763316 and rs13204672) that capture genetic information of these 21 SNPs were validated in three additional Chinese Han populations, consisting of 1336 primary high-responders and 420 primary non-responders. The four SNPs continued to show significant associations with non-response to hepatitis B vaccination (P-combined = 3.98 × 10(-13)- 1.42 × 10(-8)). Further analysis showed that the rs477515 was independently associated with non-response to hepatitis B vaccination with correction for other three SNPs in our GWAS and the known hepatitis B vaccine immunity associated SNP in previous GWAS. Our findings suggest that the rs477515 was an independent marker associated with non-response to hepatitis B vaccination and HLA-DR region might be a critical susceptibility locus of hepatitis B vaccine-induced immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Pan
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and
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19
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Genetic variants within the MHC region are associated with immune responsiveness to childhood vaccinations. Vaccine 2013; 31:5381-91. [PMID: 24075919 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 09/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The influence of genetic variability within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on variations in immune responses to childhood vaccination was investigated. The study group consisted of 135 healthy infants who had been immunized with hepatitis B (HBV), 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7), and diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccines according to standard childhood immunization schedules. Genotype analysis was performed on genomic DNA using Illumina Goldengate MHC panels (Mapping and Exon Centric). At the 1 year post vaccination check-up total, isotypic, and antigen-specific serum antibody levels were measured using multiplex immunoassays. A number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within MHC Class I and II genes were found to be associated with variations in the vaccine specific antibody responses and serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) and IgG isotypes (IgG1, IgG4) (all at p<0.001). Linkage disequilibrium patterns and functional annotations showed that significant SNPs were strongly correlated with other functional regulatory SNPs. These SNPs were found to regulate the expression of a group of genes involved in antigen processing and presentation including HLA-A, HLA-C, HLA-G, HLA-H, HLA-DRA, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DRB5, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DOB, and TAP-2. The results suggest that genetic variations within particular MHC genes can influence immune response to common childhood vaccinations, which in turn may influence vaccine efficacy.
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20
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Li ZK, Nie JJ, Li J, Zhuang H. The effect of HLA on immunological response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy people: a meta-analysis. Vaccine 2013; 31:4355-61. [PMID: 23887040 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.06.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Evidence is accumulating that several markers in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region have been associated with decreased or increased antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine in different individuals. This meta-analysis is to assess the associations of HLA class II DRB1 and DQB1 alleles with immunologic response to hepatitis B vaccine in healthy people. METHODS A systematic review of cohort studies in healthy people was performed. We searched databases for relevant studies that were published in English or Chinese up to February 17, 2012. Odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of HLA alleles response to hepatitis B vaccine were pooled by using of a fixed-effects or random-effects model depending on absence or presence of significant heterogeneity. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Fifteen studies were included in this meta-analysis after scanning 774 potentially relevant articles. A total of 2308 subjects (including 1215 responders, 873 nonresponders and 220 control populations) were included. For DRB1 alleles, pooled ORs showed that three HLA variants, DRB1*01, DRB1*1301 and DRB1*15 were associated with a significant increase antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine, their pooled ORs were 2.73, 5.94 and 2.29 respectively. While DRB1 *03 (DRB1*0301), DRB1*04, DRB1*07 and DRB1*1302 were opposite, their pooled ORs were 0.55(0.42), 0.57, 0.24 and 0.25 respectively. And for DQB1 alleles, pooled ORs showed that DQB1*05 (DQB1*0501), DQB1*06, DQB1*0602 were associated with a significant increase antibody response to hepatitis B vaccine. Their merger ORs were 1.85, 2.35, 2.34 and 3.32 respectively. While DQB1*02 (pooled OR=0.27) was adverse. Sensitivity and specificity analysis of HLA alleles showed that DRB1*1301and DQB1*0602 had high specificity (94.2% and 90.1%) but low sensitivity (25.1% and 26.3%), respectively. CONCLUSION It was suggested that specific HLA class II alleles (DRB1 and DQB1) were associated with antibody response to HepB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Kang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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21
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Association of HLA class II genes with clinical hyporesponsiveness to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in children. Vaccine 2012; 31:1123-8. [PMID: 23261040 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 12/05/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary prevention measure for influenza infection has been the use of influenza vaccines. However, even when the vaccine and circulating strains are well-matched, some healthy children do not respond to the vaccine, likely due to a genetic basis for immune hyporesponsiveness. The primary objective of this study was to identify HLA class II genes associated with clinical hyporesponsiveness after trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in children. METHODS We conducted a case-control study nested within a retrospective cohort of children that were screened at birth for HLA-DR,DQ genotypes by the Diabetes Autoimmunity Study in the Young (DAISY) and were subsequently followed for up to 8 years by Kaiser Permanente, Colorado (KPCO). Hyporesponsiveness was clinically defined as the occurrence of influenza or influenza-like illness (ILI) in peak influenza weeks in children fully vaccinated with TIV. Each child with clinical hyporesponse (n=252) was matched to 4 randomly selected controls (n=1006) by age and season. Children with clinical hyporesponse to TIV were identified using the Kaiser electronic clinical and immunization databases. Fully vaccinated children within the KPCO-DAISY cohort who did not have a diagnosis of ILI during the entire influenza season were eligible to be controls for that season. Class II HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes were the primary exposure variables. We used conditional logistic regression to calculate the matched odds ratios. RESULTS In non-Hispanic white children, HLA-DR7/4,DQB1 0302 genotype was significantly associated (OR=5.15; 95% CI=1.94, 13.67; p=0.001), while in Hispanic children, HLA-DRB1 15 or 16 allele (OR=0.31; 95% CI=0.14, 0.69; p=0.004) and HLA-DR7/Y (DRB1 11, DRB1 13 and DRB1 14) genotype (OR=5.84; 95% CI=1.68, 20.28; p=0.006) were significantly associated with clinical hyporesponsiveness after TIV. CONCLUSIONS HLA class II genes are associated with clinical hyporesponsiveness to TIV. This finding is important as it may help identify a group of children who are not protected by the commonly used TIV and may require alternative preventive strategies.
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22
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Wang Y, Xu P, Zhu D, Zhang S, Bi Y, Hu Y, Zhou YH. Association of polymorphisms of cytokine and TLR-2 genes with long-term immunity to hepatitis B in children vaccinated early in life. Vaccine 2012; 30:5708-13. [PMID: 22824342 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hepatitis B vaccine is effective in preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. However, 5-10% of vaccinees fail to produce sufficient antibody against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs). In this study, we investigated the association of genetic polymorphisms with long-term response to hepatitis B vaccine in 301 children who received the vaccine 5-7 years ago. Of them, 86 (28.6%) had anti-HBs <10 mIU/ml (group A) and 215 (71.4%) had anti-HBs ≥10 mIU/ml (group B). While the frequencies of T allele and TT genotype in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) rs2243250 and rs2070874 of interleukin (IL)-4 in group A were higher than those in group B (all P<0.05 and q<0.2), the frequency of C allele in SNP rs2243250, rs2070874 and rs2227284 of IL-4 in group B was higher than that in group A (all P<0.05 and q<0.2). None of 11 other SNP in IL-2, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-13, IL-12B, tumor necrosis factor-α, and toll-like receptor-2 genes was found to associate with anti-HBs response. SNP rs2070874 was associated with humoral response to hepatitis B vaccine after analyzed by multivariable logistic regression analysis (P=0.015). The haplotype TT defined by SNP rs2243250 and rs2070874 in IL-4 was associated with the poor humoral response (adjusted P=0.037). Our findings demonstrate that IL-4 gene polymorphisms may affect the long-term immune response to hepatitis B vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu, China
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23
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Protocol for analyzing human leukocyte antigen variants and sexually transmitted infections: from genotyping to immunoassays. Methods Mol Biol 2012; 903:359-80. [PMID: 22782832 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-937-2_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This chapter describes experimental and analytical procedures that can be used to decipher the specific role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants in infectious diseases. The techniques are distilled from more than one decade of active immunogenetics research, primarily on sexually transmitted infections (STIs) caused by viral and bacterial pathogens, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Chlamydia trachomatis. The specific approaches cover (1) sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) probe hybridization for low-resolution genotyping, (2) sequencing-based typing (SBT) for high-resolution, (3) statistical methods for testing associations between HLA variants and phenotypic traits, and (4) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay for enumerating HLA-restricted and epitope-specific T-lymphocyte responses. Proper application of these mature and robust techniques should help establish the importance of individual HLA alleles, haplotypes, and supertypes to host-pathogen interactions.
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Pan L, Zhang W, Liang Z, Wu X, Zhu X, Li J, Li T, Wang L, Li H, Liu Y. Association between polymorphisms of the cytokine and cytokine receptor genes and immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in a Chinese Han population. J Med Virol 2011; 84:26-33. [PMID: 22052597 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.22251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The immune response to hepatitis B vaccination varies among individuals. It has been reported that polymorphisms in cytokine and cytokine receptor genes are associated with these individual differences. The aim of the current study was to investigate the association between polymorphisms of the Th1/Th2 cytokine and cytokine receptor genes and the response to hepatitis B vaccination in a Chinese Han population. A total of 10 single nucleotide polymorphisms distributed in 6 genes (TNFRSF1A, IL12A, IL12B, IFNG, IL4, and IL10) were genotyped in 214 high-responders [hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) ≥1,000 mIU/ml] and 107 low-responders (anti-HBs: 10-99 mIU/ml). The minor CTCTAA allele of rs17860508 in the IL12B gene was associated with a low response to hepatitis B vaccination (P = 0.039, odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval = 1.00-1.99). In addition, a significant gene-gene interaction was found: the frequency of the combined genotypes IL12A rs2243115 TT and IL12B rs17860508 CTCTAA/CTCTAA was significantly higher in the low-response group than in the high-response group (P = 0.008, odds ratio = 2.19, 95% confidence interval = 1.23-3.93). These findings suggest that polymorphisms in the IL12A and IL12B genes might play an important role jointly in determining the response to hepatitis B vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Pan
- National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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25
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Ovsyannikova IG, Vierkant RA, Pankratz VS, Jacobson RM, Poland GA. Human leukocyte antigen genotypes in the genetic control of adaptive immune responses to smallpox vaccine. J Infect Dis 2011; 203:1546-55. [PMID: 21592983 PMCID: PMC3096794 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jir167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes in mediating adaptive immune responses to smallpox vaccine remains unknown. METHODS We determined genotypes for a group of individuals (n = 1071) who received a single dose of smallpox vaccine (Dryvax, Wyeth Laboratories) and examined associations between HLA alleles and 15 immune outcomes to smallpox vaccine on a per-locus and a per-allele level. RESULTS We found significant associations between the HLA-B and HLA - DQB1 loci and vaccinia-induced antibodies (P = .04 for each locus), with the HLA-B*1302 (P = .036), B*3802 (P = .011), DQB1*0302 (P = .015), and DQB1*0604 (P = .017) alleles being associated with higher levels. Significant global associations were identified between vaccinia-specific interferon (IFN)-γ and DQA1 (P = .003), interleukin (IL)-1β and HLA-B (P = .004), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and HLA-B (P = .006), and IL-6 and HLA-B locus (P = .016) for secreted cytokines, as well as between CD8α(+) IFN-γ Elispot responses and DQB1 (P = .027). Subjects carrying B*3906 (P = .006) and B*5701 (P < .001) secreted higher levels of IL-1β than did subjects who did not carry these alleles. Subjects carrying the B*5301 (P = .047) and B*5601 (P = .008) alleles secreted less IL-1β, compared with subjects who did not carry these alleles. The B*3502 (P = .009), B*5601 (P = .004), and B*5701 (P < .001) alleles were significantly associated with variations in TNF-α secretion. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that variations in antibody and cellular IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 immune responses after receipt of smallpox vaccine are genetically controlled by HLA genes or genes in close linkage disequilibrium to these alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna G. Ovsyannikova
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group
- Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense
| | | | | | - Robert M. Jacobson
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Gregory A. Poland
- Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group
- Program in Translational Immunovirology and Biodefense
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Pajewski NM, Parker SD, Poland GA, Ovsyannikova IG, Song W, Zhang K, McKinney BA, Pankratz VS, Edberg JC, Kimberly RP, Jacobson RM, Tang J, Kaslow RA. The role of HLA-DR-DQ haplotypes in variable antibody responses to anthrax vaccine adsorbed. Genes Immun 2011; 12:457-65. [PMID: 21368772 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2011.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Host genetic variation, particularly within the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) loci, reportedly mediates heterogeneity in immune response to certain vaccines; however, no large study of genetic determinants of anthrax vaccine response has been described. We searched for associations between the immunoglobulin G antibody to protective antigen (AbPA) response to Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA) in humans, and polymorphisms at HLA class I (HLA-A, -B, and -C) and class II (HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPB1) loci. The study included 794 European-Americans and 200 African-Americans participating in a 43-month, double-blind and placebo-controlled clinical trial of AVA (clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT00119067). Among European-Americans, genes from tightly linked HLA-DRB1, -DQA1, -DQB1 haplotypes displayed significant overall associations with longitudinal variation in AbPA levels at 4, 8, 26 and 30 weeks from baseline in response to vaccination with three or four doses of AVA (global P=6.53 × 10(-4)). In particular, carriage of the DRB1-DQA1-DQB1 haplotypes (*)1501-(*)0102-(*)0602 (P=1.17 × 10(-5)), (*)0101-(*)0101-(*)0501 (P=0.009) and (*)0102-(*)0101-(*)0501 (P=0.006) was associated with significantly lower AbPA levels. In carriers of two copies of these haplotypes, lower AbPA levels persisted following subsequent vaccinations. No significant associations were observed amongst African-Americans or for any HLA class I allele/haplotype. Further studies will be required to replicate these findings and to explore the role of host genetic variation outside of the HLA region.
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Affiliation(s)
- N M Pajewski
- Section on Statistical Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA
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Hepatitis B vaccines: Protective efficacy and therapeutic potential. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 58:288-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.patbio.2010.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2010] [Accepted: 01/26/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Tang J, Malhotra R, Song W, Brill I, Hu L, Farmer PK, Mulenga J, Allen S, Hunter E, Kaslow RA. Human leukocyte antigens and HIV type 1 viral load in early and chronic infection: predominance of evolving relationships. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9629. [PMID: 20224785 PMCID: PMC2835758 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2010] [Accepted: 02/18/2010] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During untreated, chronic HIV-1 infection, plasma viral load (VL) is a relatively stable quantitative trait that has clinical and epidemiological implications. Immunogenetic research has established various human genetic factors, especially human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants, as independent determinants of VL set-point. Methodology/Principal Findings To identify and clarify HLA alleles that are associated with either transient or durable immune control of HIV-1 infection, we evaluated the relationships of HLA class I and class II alleles with VL among 563 seroprevalent Zambians (SPs) who were seropositive at enrollment and 221 seroconverters (SCs) who became seropositive during quarterly follow-up visits. After statistical adjustments for non-genetic factors (sex and age), two unfavorable alleles (A*3601 and DRB1*0102) were independently associated with high VL in SPs (p<0.01) but not in SCs. In contrast, favorable HLA variants, mainly A*74, B*13, B*57 (or Cw*18), and one HLA-A and HLA-C combination (A*30+Cw*03), dominated in SCs; their independent associations with low VL were reflected in regression beta estimates that ranged from −0.47±0.23 to −0.92±0.32 log10 in SCs (p<0.05). Except for Cw*18, all favorable variants had diminishing or vanishing association with VL in SPs (p≤0.86). Conclusions/Significance Overall, each of the three HLA class I genes had at least one allele that might contribute to effective immune control, especially during the early course of HIV-1 infection. These observations can provide a useful framework for ongoing analyses of viral mutations induced by protective immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Tang
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States of America.
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Kozłowska J, Mikuła T, Staćczak W, Wiercićska-Drapało A. Hepatitis B prophylaxis in HIV-infected patients. HIV & AIDS REVIEW 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s1730-1270(11)60002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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