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He X, Wang X, van Heck J, van Cranenbroek B, van Rijssen E, Stienstra R, Netea MG, Joosten I, Tack CJ, Koenen HJPM. Blood immune cell profiling in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes is associated with macrovascular complications. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1401542. [PMID: 39011037 PMCID: PMC11246869 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1401542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis There is increasing evidence for heterogeneity in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D): not only the age of onset and disease progression rate differ, but also the risk of complications varies markedly. Consequently, the presence of different disease endotypes has been suggested. Impaired T and B cell responses have been established in newly diagnosed diabetes patients. We hypothesized that deciphering the immune cell profile in peripheral blood of adults with longstanding T1D may help to understand disease heterogeneity. Methods Adult patients with longstanding T1D and healthy controls (HC) were recruited, and their blood immune cell profile was determined using multicolour flow cytometry followed by a machine-learning based elastic-net (EN) classification model. Hierarchical clustering was performed to identify patient-specific immune cell profiles. Results were compared to those obtained in matched healthy control subjects. Results Hierarchical clustering analysis of flow cytometry data revealed three immune cell composition-based distinct subgroups of individuals: HCs, T1D-group-A and T1D-group-B. In general, T1D patients, as compared to healthy controls, showed a more active immune profile as demonstrated by a higher percentage and absolute number of neutrophils, monocytes, total B cells and activated CD4+CD25+ T cells, while the abundance of regulatory T cells (Treg) was reduced. Patients belonging to T1D-group-A, as compared to T1D-group-B, revealed a more proinflammatory phenotype characterized by a lower percentage of FOXP3+ Treg, higher proportions of CCR4 expressing CD4 and CD8 T cell subsets, monocyte subsets, a lower Treg/conventional Tcell (Tconv) ratio, an increased proinflammatory cytokine (TNFα, IFNγ) and a decreased anti-inflammatory (IL-10) producing potential. Clinically, patients in T1D-group-A had more frequent diabetes-related macrovascular complications. Conclusions Machine-learning based classification of multiparameter flow cytometry data revealed two distinct immunological profiles in adults with longstanding type 1 diabetes; T1D-group-A and T1D-group-B. T1D-group-A is characterized by a stronger pro-inflammatory profile and is associated with a higher rate of diabetes-related (macro)vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Xinhui Wang
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine, University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Julia van Heck
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Bram van Cranenbroek
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Esther van Rijssen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Rinke Stienstra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- Department of Immunology and Metabolism, Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Irma Joosten
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Cees J. Tack
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Hans J. P. M. Koenen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine - Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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Butterfield TR, Hanna DB, Kaplan RC, Xue X, Kizer JR, Durkin HG, Kassaye SG, Nowicki M, Tien PC, Topper ET, Floris-Moore MA, Titanji K, Fischl MA, Heath S, Palmer CS, Landay AL, Anzinger JJ. Elevated CD4 + T-cell glucose metabolism in HIV+ women with diabetes mellitus. AIDS 2022; 36:1327-1336. [PMID: 35727147 PMCID: PMC9329261 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune dysfunction and chronic inflammation are characteristic of HIV infection and diabetes mellitus, with CD4 + T-cell metabolism implicated in the pathogenesis of each disease. However, there is limited information on CD4 + T-cell metabolism in HIV+ persons with diabetes mellitus. We examined CD4 + T-cell glucose metabolism in HIV+ women with and without diabetes mellitus. DESIGN A case-control study was used to compare CD4 + T-cell glucose metabolism in women with HIV with or without diabetes mellitus. METHODS Nondiabetic (HIV+DM-, N = 20) or type 2 diabetic HIV+ women with (HIV+DM+, N = 16) or without (HIV+DMTx+, N = 18) antidiabetic treatment were identified from the WIHS and matched for age, race/ethnicity, smoking status and CD4 + cell count. CD4 + T-cell immunometabolism was examined by flow cytometry, microfluidic qRT-PCR of metabolic genes, and Seahorse extracellular flux analysis of stimulated CD4 + T cells. RESULTS HIV+DM+ displayed a significantly elevated proportion of CD4 + T cells expressing the immunometabolic marker GLUT1 compared with HIV+DMTx+ and HIV+DM- ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively). Relative expression of genes encoding key enzymes for glucose metabolism pathways were elevated in CD4 + T cells of HIV+DM+ compared with HIV+DMTx+ and HIV+DM-. T-cell receptor (TCR)-activated CD4 + T cells from HIV+DM+ showed elevated glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation compared with HIV+DM-. CONCLUSION CD4 + T cells from HIV+DM+ have elevated glucose metabolism. Treatment of diabetes mellitus among women with HIV may partially correct CD4 + T-cell metabolic dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David B Hanna
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Robert C Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Xiaonan Xue
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Jorge R Kizer
- Cardiology Section, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System
- Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Helen G Durkin
- Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - Seble G Kassaye
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Marek Nowicki
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Elizabeth T Topper
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michelle A Floris-Moore
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Kehmia Titanji
- Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Margaret A Fischl
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami, Miami, Florida
| | - Sonya Heath
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - Clovis S Palmer
- Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington
- Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Joshua J Anzinger
- Department of Microbiology, University of the West Indies - Mona, Kingston
- Global Virus Network, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Teniente-Serra A, Pizarro E, Quirant-Sánchez B, Fernández MA, Vives-Pi M, Martinez-Caceres EM. Identifying Changes in Peripheral Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Adult Onset Type 1 Diabetes. Front Immunol 2021; 12:784110. [PMID: 34938295 PMCID: PMC8685245 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.784110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
T- and B-lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), a chronic disease caused by the autoimmune destruction of the insulin-producing cells in the pancreatic islets. Flow cytometry allows their characterization in peripheral blood, letting to investigate changes in cellular subpopulations that can provide insights in T1D pathophysiology. With this purpose, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (including naïve, central memory, effector memory and terminally differentiated effector (TEMRA), Th17 and Tregs) and B cells subsets (naïve, unswitched memory, switched memory and transitional B cells) were analysed in peripheral blood of adult T1D patients at disease onset and after ≥2 years using multiparametric flow cytometry. Here we report changes in the percentage of early and late effector memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells as well as of naïve subsets, regulatory T cells and transitional B cells in peripheral blood of adult patients at onset of T1D when compared with HD. After 2 years follow-up these changes were maintained. Also, we found a decrease in percentage of Th17 and numbers of T cells with baseline. In order to identify potential biomarkers of disease, ROC curves were performed being late EM CD4 T cell subset the most promising candidate. In conclusion, the observed changes in the percentage and/or absolute number of lymphocyte subpopulations of adult T1D patients support the hypothesis that effector cells migrate to the pancreas and this autoimmune process perseveres along the disease. Moreover, multiparametric flow allows to identify those subsets with potential to be considered biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Teniente-Serra
- Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratory MetroNord (LCMN), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduarda Pizarro
- Endocrinology Department, Hospital de Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bibiana Quirant-Sánchez
- Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratory MetroNord (LCMN), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco A Fernández
- Flow Cytometry Facility, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Vives-Pi
- Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratory MetroNord (LCMN), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eva M Martinez-Caceres
- Immunology Division, Clinical Laboratory MetroNord (LCMN), Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital and Research Institute (IGTP), Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain
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Kurianowicz K, Klatka M, Polak A, Hymos A, Bębnowska D, Podgajna M, Hrynkiewicz R, Sierawska O, Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej P. Impaired Innate Immunity in Pediatric Patients Type 1 Diabetes-Focus on Toll-like Receptors Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:12135. [PMID: 34830017 PMCID: PMC8625857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes (DM1) is classified as an autoimmune disease. An uncontrolled response of B and T lymphocytes to the body's own tissues develops in the absence of immune tolerance. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the duration of type 1 diabetes in children on the expression of TLR receptors and the relationship with the parameters of glycemic control in patients. As a result, we showed significant differences in the level of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 expression in patients with DM1 in the early stage of the disease and treated chronically compared to the healthy group. Additionally, in this study, we found that the numbers of CD19+ B cells, CD3+ CD4+, CD3+ CD8+ T cells and NK cells are different for newly diagnosed DM1 individuals, patients receiving chronic treatment and for healthy controls, indicating an important role of these cells in killing pancreatic beta cells. Moreover, higher levels of IL-10 in patients with newly diagnosed DM1 have also been found, confirming the reports found in the literature.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Antigens, CD19/genetics
- Antigens, CD19/immunology
- B-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/pathology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/immunology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/pathology
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation/genetics
- Humans
- Immunity, Innate/genetics
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Interleukin-10/genetics
- Interleukin-10/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/metabolism
- Male
- Pediatrics
- Toll-Like Receptor 2/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 4/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 9/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptors/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptors/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kurianowicz
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 1 St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Maria Klatka
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Lublin, Gębali 1 St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (K.K.); (M.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Polak
- Department of Endocrinology, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8 St., 20-954 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Anna Hymos
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Dominika Bębnowska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.); (O.S.)
| | - Martyna Podgajna
- Department of Clinica Immunology and Immunotherapy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Rafał Hrynkiewicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.); (O.S.)
| | - Olga Sierawska
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland; (D.B.); (R.H.); (O.S.)
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Ratter-Rieck JM, Maalmi H, Trenkamp S, Zaharia OP, Rathmann W, Schloot NC, Straßburger K, Szendroedi J, Herder C, Roden M. Leukocyte Counts and T-Cell Frequencies Differ Between Novel Subgroups of Diabetes and Are Associated With Metabolic Parameters and Biomarkers of Inflammation. Diabetes 2021; 70:2652-2662. [PMID: 34462259 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Frequencies of circulating immune cells are altered in those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared with healthy individuals and are associated with insulin sensitivity, glycemic control, and lipid levels. This study aimed to determine whether specific immune cell types are associated with novel diabetes subgroups. We analyzed automated white blood cell counts (n = 669) and flow cytometric data (n = 201) of participants in the German Diabetes Study with recent-onset (<1 year) diabetes, who were allocated to five subgroups based on data-driven analysis of clinical variables. Leukocyte numbers were highest in severe insulin-resistant diabetes (SIRD) and mild obesity-related diabetes (MOD) and lowest in severe autoimmune diabetes (SAID). CD4+ T-cell frequencies were higher in SIRD versus SAID, MOD, and mild age-related diabetes (MARD), and frequencies of CCR4+ regulatory T cells were higher in SIRD versus SAID and MOD and in MARD versus SAID. Pairwise differences between subgroups were partially explained by differences in clustering variables. Frequencies of CD4+ T cells were positively associated with age, BMI, HOMA2 estimate of β-cell function (HOMA2-B), and HOMA2 estimate of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), and frequencies of CCR4+ regulatory T cells with age, HOMA2-B, and HOMA2-IR. In conclusion, different leukocyte profiles exist between novel diabetes subgroups and suggest distinct inflammatory processes in these diabetes subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline M Ratter-Rieck
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Haifa Maalmi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Sandra Trenkamp
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Oana-Patricia Zaharia
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rathmann
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nanette C Schloot
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klaus Straßburger
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Szendroedi
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Herder
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Olson NC, Doyle MF, Sitlani CM, de Boer IH, Rich SS, Huber SA, Landay AL, Tracy RP, Psaty BM, Delaney JA. Associations of Innate and Adaptive Immune Cell Subsets With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Risk: The MESA Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5716851. [PMID: 31990975 PMCID: PMC7049263 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell-mediated immunity is implicated in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Whether the levels of innate and adaptive immune cells in peripheral blood are risk factors for incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unknown. We hypothesized that the proportions of naive, memory, CD28-, Th17, and T regulatory CD4+ cells would be associated with incident T2D. In secondary analyses, we evaluated the relationships of 28 additional immune cell phenotypes with T2D. DESIGN Immune cell phenotypes (n = 33) were measured by flow cytometry using cryopreserved cells collected from 1113 participants of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) at the baseline examination (2000-2002). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate associations of immune cell phenotypes with incident T2D over a median follow-up of 9.1 years, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, educational status, and body mass index. RESULTS Incident T2D was observed for 120 participants. None of the cell phenotypes included in the primary hypotheses were significantly associated with T2D (all P > 0.05). Among the secondary immune cells studied, a higher proportion of CD19+CD27+ B cells was associated with a reduced risk of T2D (hazard ratio: 0.72 (95% confidence interval: 0.56, 0.93), per 1-standard deviation (16%) increase). This association was no longer significant after correction for the multiple cell phenotypes tested (P > 0.0015). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the frequencies of several subsets of monocytes, innate lymphocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in circulating blood are not related to the future onset of T2D. Higher levels of CD19+CD27+ B cells may be associated with decreased T2D risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nels C Olson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Margaret F Doyle
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Colleen M Sitlani
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Ian H de Boer
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Stephen S Rich
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - Sally A Huber
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Alan L Landay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Russell P Tracy
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
- Department of Biochemistry, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Bruce M Psaty
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Services, University of Washington, Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, Washington
| | - Joseph A Delaney
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
- College of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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7
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Bonaventura A, Montecucco F. Comment on "Characterization of circulating leukocytes and correlation of leukocyte subsets with metabolic parameters 1 and 5 years after diabetes diagnosis". Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:127-128. [PMID: 30225614 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aldo Bonaventura
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132, Genoa, Italy
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8
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Apostolopoulou M, Roden M. Authors' response to the commentary by Bonaventura and Montecucco on: 'Characterization of circulating leukocytes and correlation of leukocyte subsets with metabolic parameters 1 and 5 years after diabetes diagnosis'. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:125-126. [PMID: 30220007 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-018-1226-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Apostolopoulou
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf dem Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Roden
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Auf dem Hennekamp 65, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research, Partner Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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9
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An Analysis of the Intracellular Signal Transduction of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes in Animal Models of Diabetes Using Flow Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2018. [PMID: 30535695 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8994-2_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Various complications of diabetes are induced by the augmentation of chronic inflammation and attenuation of immunity. Leukocytes, which play major roles in inflammation and immune responses, are affected by the glycemic status and blood insulin level. In this chapter, we explain a method for analyzing the signal transduction pathway of leukocytes in peripheral blood. This method using flow cytometry can analyze a small amount of blood (50-100 μL/sample) without leukocyte purification. Thus, this procedure is useful for experiments using small-animal models of diabetes, such as mice and rats. We also introduce a new method for classifying intracellular signal transduction by combining the dispersibility level and the activation level of the signaling molecules.
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Zheng L, Shen X, Ye J, Xie Y, Yan S. Metformin alleviates hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and differentiation suppression in osteoblasts through inhibiting the TLR4 signaling pathway. Life Sci 2018; 216:29-38. [PMID: 30414431 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Metformin was found to protect against hyperglycemia-induced injury in osteoblasts, but the cellular mechanisms involved remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of metformin on hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and differentiation suppression in osteoblasts and to explore its relationships with the TLR4 signaling pathway. MAIN METHODS A mouse osteoblast cell line, MC3T3-E1, and a diabetic rat model were used to survey the protective effects of metformin on hyperglycemia-induced injury. TLR4 expression was altered using small interfering (si)RNA and lentivirus-mediated TLR4 overexpression. LPS was used as a specific TLR4 activator, and CLI-095 was used as a TLR4 inhibitor. KEY FINDINGS Metformin improved osteoblast differentiation, reduced apoptosis in hyperglycemic osteoblasts, and inhibited TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB expression in a dose-dependent manner. Down-regulating the expression or inhibiting the activity of TLR4 enhanced these protective effects of metformin on osteoblast differentiation, cell viability and cell apoptosis in hyperglycemic conditions, whereas up-regulating the expression or activating the activity of TLR4 had the opposite effects. Activating NF-κB suppressed the protective effects of metformin, while inhibiting NF-κB activity had the opposite effects. Metformin increased ALP and OCN secretion, enhanced BMP-2 expression, improved bone mineral density (BMD), and decreased TLR4, MyD88 and NF-κB levels in the femur tissues of diabetic rats. SIGNIFICANCE Taken together our experimentation support the hypothesis that metformin may alleviate hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis and differentiation suppression in osteoblasts by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Ximei Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Junjian Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Yun Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China
| | - Sunjie Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China; Diabetes Research Institute of Fujian Province, Fuzhou 350005, Fujian, China.
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