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Patra DC, Mondal SP. Paper-based Electrochemical Sensor Integrated with Gold Nanoparticle-Decorated Carbon Cloth as a Working Electrode for Nitric Oxide Detection in Artificial Tears. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024; 7:5247-5257. [PMID: 39010742 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) in human tears regulates numerous ocular surface processes, such as tear generation, corneal wound healing, conjunctival vascular tone, and so forth. Any deviation from its normal concentration is linked to various ocular syndromes, including microbial keratitis, conjunctivitis, pterygium, dry eye, retinitis, glaucoma, and so forth. Therefore, precise monitoring of NO in tears can be considered as a potential biomarker for ocular diseases. Here, we report a highly sensitive and selective electrochemical NO sensor using carbon ink-based electrodes. Counter, working (WE), and reference electrodes have been designed and painted on a butter paper by using carbon ink. To improve the sensing performance, the WE has been modified with a gold nanoparticle (Au NP)-deposited carbon cloth (CC). Such a paper-based sensor demonstrated high sensitivity of ∼0.34 μA μM-1 cm-2, ultralow detection limit of ∼2.35 nM, wide linear range of 10 nM-0.4 mM, and fast response time (0.35 s). The sensor also showed excellent stability and selectivity toward the interfering agents in human body fluids. Such a low-cost, flexible paper-based sensor was employed for the detection of NO in artificial tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dulal Chandra Patra
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Agartala 799046, India
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Tabish TA, Zhu Y, Shukla S, Kadian S, Sangha GS, Lygate CA, Narayan RJ. Graphene nanocomposites for real-time electrochemical sensing of nitric oxide in biological systems. APPLIED PHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 10:041310. [PMID: 38229764 PMCID: PMC7615530 DOI: 10.1063/5.0162640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) signaling plays many pivotal roles impacting almost every organ function in mammalian physiology, most notably in cardiovascular homeostasis, inflammation, and neurological regulation. Consequently, the ability to make real-time and continuous measurements of NO is a prerequisite research tool to understand fundamental biology in health and disease. Despite considerable success in the electrochemical sensing of NO, challenges remain to optimize rapid and highly sensitive detection, without interference from other species, in both cultured cells and in vivo. Achieving these goals depends on the choice of electrode material and the electrode surface modification, with graphene nanostructures recently reported to enhance the electrocatalytic detection of NO. Due to its single-atom thickness, high specific surface area, and highest electron mobility, graphene holds promise for electrochemical sensing of NO with unprecedented sensitivity and specificity even at sub-nanomolar concentrations. The non-covalent functionalization of graphene through supermolecular interactions, including π-π stacking and electrostatic interaction, facilitates the successful immobilization of other high electrolytic materials and heme biomolecules on graphene while maintaining the structural integrity and morphology of graphene sheets. Such nanocomposites have been optimized for the highly sensitive and specific detection of NO under physiologically relevant conditions. In this review, we examine the building blocks of these graphene-based electrochemical sensors, including the conjugation of different electrolytic materials and biomolecules on graphene, and sensing mechanisms, by reflecting on the recent developments in materials and engineering for real-time detection of NO in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer A. Tabish
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Yangzhi Zhu
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90064, USA
| | - Shubhangi Shukla
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, USA
| | - Sachin Kadian
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, USA
| | - Gurneet S. Sangha
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 8278 Paint Branch Dr., College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Craig A. Lygate
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, United Kingdom
| | - Roger J. Narayan
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7907, USA
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Fabrication and Application of Ag, Black TiO2 and Nitrogen-Doped 3D Reduced Graphene Oxide (3D Black TiO2/Ag/N@rGO) Evaporator for Efficient Steam Generation. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The scarcity of fresh water, which is aggravated by rapid economic development and population growth, is a major threat to the modern world. Solar-driven interfacial desalination and steam generation is a promising strategy that localizes heat at the air-water interface through appropriate thermal management and demonstrates efficient photothermal performance. In the current study, Ag, black TiO2, and nitrogen-doped 3D reduced graphene oxide (3D black TiO2/Ag/N@rGO) hierarchical evaporator was fabricated, and its morphology, elemental composition, porosity, broadband solar absorption potential, photothermal performance, and interfacial desalination potential were assessed. The 3D solar evaporator showed efficient solar absorption over the entire broadband UV-visible near-infrared (UV-Vis NIR) region and demonstrated 99% photothermal conversion efficiency and potential freshwater generation of 1.43 kg·m−2 h−1. The specific surface area and porosity analyses demonstrated an ultrahigh specific surface area, high pore volume, and a mesoporous structure, with a predominant pore diameter of 4 nm. The strong photothermal performance can be attributed to the nitrogen doping of the rGO, which boosted the electrocatalytic and photothermal activity of the graphene through the activation of the excess free-flowing π electrons of the sp2 configuration of the graphene; the broadband solar absorption potential of the black TiO2; and the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of the AgNPs, which induced hot electron generation and enhanced photothermal conversion. Hence, the high photothermal conversion efficiency attained can be attributed to the synergistic photothermal performances of the individual components and the high interfacial surface area, abundant heat, and mass transfer microcavities of the 3D hierarchical porous solar absorber, offering multiple reflections of light and enhanced solar absorption. The study highlights the promising potential of the 3D evaporator for real-word interfacial desalination of seawater, helping to solve the water shortage problem sustainably.
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Yadav AK, Lee MC, Lucero MY, Su S, Reinhardt CJ, Chan J. Activity-Based NIR Bioluminescence Probe Enables Discovery of Diet-Induced Modulation of the Tumor Microenvironment via Nitric Oxide. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2022; 8:461-472. [PMID: 35505872 PMCID: PMC9052803 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.1c00317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) plays a critical role in acute and chronic inflammation. NO's contributions to cancer are of particular interest due to its context-dependent bioactivities. For example, immune cells initially produce cytotoxic quantities of NO in response to the nascent tumor. However, it is believed that this fades over time and reaches a concentration that supports the tumor microenvironment (TME). These complex dynamics are further complicated by other factors, such as diet and oxygenation, making it challenging to establish a complete picture of NO's impact on tumor progression. Although many activity-based sensing (ABS) probes for NO have been developed, only a small fraction have been employed in vivo, and fewer yet are practical in cancer models where the NO concentration is <200 nM. To overcome this outstanding challenge, we have developed BL660-NO, the first ABS probe for NIR bioluminescence imaging of NO in cancer. Owing to the low intrinsic background, high sensitivity, and deep tissue imaging capabilities of our design, BL660-NO was successfully employed to visualize endogenous NO in cellular systems, a human liver metastasis model, and a murine breast cancer model. Importantly, its exceptional performance facilitated two dietary studies which examine the impact of fat intake on NO and the TME. BL660-NO provides the first direct molecular evidence that intratumoral NO becomes elevated in mice fed a high-fat diet, which became obese with larger tumors, compared to control animals on a low-fat diet. These results indicate that an inflammatory diet can increase NO production via recruitment of macrophages and overexpression of inducible nitric oxide synthase which in turn can drive tumor progression.
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Mehmood S, Ahmed U, Kumar L, Sagadevan S, Hatamvand M, Zhan Y, Rahim NA, Ahmed W, Shakeel M. Semiconducting metal oxides-based electrodes as the photoanodes of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DYE-SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS 2022:103-136. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818206-2.00004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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CuO/Cu-MOF nanocomposite for highly sensitive detection of nitric oxide released from living cells using an electrochemical microfluidic device. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:240. [PMID: 34184110 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04891-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The integration of large surface area and high catalytic profiles of Cu-MOF and CuO nanoparticles is described toward electrochemical sensing of nitric oxide (NO) in a microfluidic platform. The CuO/Cu-MOF nanocomposite was prepared through hydrothermal method, and its formation was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The CuO/Cu-MOF nanostructured modified Au electrodes enabled electrocatalytic NO oxidation at 0.6 V vs. reference electrode, demonstrating linear response over a broad concentration range of 0.03-1 μM and 1-500 μM with a detection limit of 7.8 nM. The interference effect of organic molecules and common ions was negligible, and the sensing system demonstrated excellent stability. Finally, an electrochemical microfluidic NO sensor was developed to detect of NO released from cancer cells, which were stimulated by L-arginine. Furthermore, in the presence of Fe3+, the stressed cells produced more NO. This work offers considerable potential for its practical applications in clinical diagnostics through determination of chemical symptoms in microliter-volume biological samples. Electrochemical microfluidic NO sensor was developed for detection of NO released from cancer cells. This miniaturized device consumes less materials and provides the basis for greener analytical chemistry.
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Ariffin EY, Zakariah EI, Ruslin F, Kassim M, Yamin BM, Heng LY, Hasbullah SA. Hexaferrocenium tri[hexa(isothiocyanato)iron(III)] trihydroxonium complex as a new DNA intercalator for electrochemical DNA biosensor. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7883. [PMID: 33846405 PMCID: PMC8041802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86939-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferrocene or ferrocenium has been widely studied in the field of organometallic complexes because of its stable thermodynamic, kinetic and redox properties. Novel hexaferrocenium tri[hexa(isothiocyanato)iron(III)]trihydroxonium (HexaFc) complex was the product from the reaction of ferrocene, maleic acid and ammonium thiocyanate and was confirmed by elemental analysis CHNS, FTIR and single crystal X-ray crystallography. In this study, HexaFc was used for the first time as an electroactive indicator for porcine DNA biosensor. The UV-Vis DNA titrations with this compound showed hypochromism and redshift at 250 nm with increasing DNA concentrations. The binding constant (Kb) for HexaFc complex towards CT-DNA (calf-thymus DNA) was 3.1 × 104 M-1, indicated intercalator behaviour of the complex. To test the usefulness of this complex for DNA biosensor application, a porcine DNA biosensor was constructed. The recognition probes were covalently immobilised onto silica nanospheres (SiNSs) via glutaraldehyde linker on a screen-printed electrode (SPE). After intercalation with the HexaFc complex, the response of the biosensor to the complementary porcine DNA was measured using differential pulse voltammetry. The DNA biosensor demonstrated a linear response range to the complementary porcine DNA from 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-3 µM (R2 = 0.9642) with a limit detection of 4.83 × 10-8 µM and the response was stable up to 23 days of storage at 4 °C with 86% of its initial response. The results indicated that HexaFc complex is a feasible indicator for the DNA hybridisation without the use of a chemical label for the detection of porcine DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Yuhana Ariffin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Emma Izzati Zakariah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Farah Ruslin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Kassim
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Bohari M Yamin
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Lee Yook Heng
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Siti Aishah Hasbullah
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600, Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
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Chandran B, Janakiraman K. New Disposable Nitric Oxide Sensor Fabrication Using GaN Nanowires. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17171-17176. [PMID: 31656890 PMCID: PMC6811847 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Gallium nitride (GaN) nanowires anchored on the surface of cost-effective pencil graphite electrodes (PGEs) have been developed as a new disposable nitric oxide (NO) sensor through a hydrothermal method followed by annealing treatment. The as-obtained nanomaterials were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and EIS. Concurrently, the electrocatalytic performance has been analyzed using cyclic voltammetry and amperometric measurements. The experimental results exhibit good electrochemical sensing performance toward the generated NO in NO2 - with a wide linear detection range of 1.0 μM to 1.0 mM with a correlation coefficient of 0.999 and a detection limit of 0.180 μM. In addition, the GaN nanowire-modified PGE surface showed high selectivity for the detection of NO as compared to other relevant biomolecules. This confirms that the PGE/GaN nanowire is a new promising electrochemical sensor for the sensitive detection of NO.
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Yu H, Li R, Song KL. Amperometric determination of nitrite by using a nanocomposite prepared from gold nanoparticles, reduced graphene oxide and multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:624. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3735-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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High-selectively determination of nitric oxide on nanoporous gold electrode. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04259-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhang Y, Lu SY, Shi Z, Zhao ZL, Liu Q, Gao JC, Liang T, Zou Z, Li CM. A multi-component Cu 2O@FePO 4 core-cage structure to jointly promote fast electron transfer toward the highly sensitive in situ detection of nitric oxide. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4471-4477. [PMID: 30801590 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10198a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical sensors actually involve an electrocatalytic process in efficient and selective energy conversion. In this work, we use different components to innovatively produce a core@cage material, in which the outer cage, iron phosphate, offers a high electrocatalytic ability to electrochemically oxidize NO, while the inner material, cuprous oxide, could absorb the intermediary HO- ions to kinetically promote NO oxidation for fast electron transfer, resulting in a strong synergistic effect. The unique core@cage structure also increases the active surface area and provides plenty of channels via the porous cage for significantly enhanced mass transport. The as-prepared core@cage NO sensor shows a high sensitivity of 326.09 μA cm-2 μM-1, which is the highest among the reported non-noble metal-based NO biosensors based on the electrooxidation scheme. A free-standing flexible NO sensor was further fabricated with the material for the in situ detection of NO released from cancer cells, demonstrating a low detection limit (0.45 nM) and a fast response time (0.8 s). This work holds great promise for its practical applications in the diagnosis or research of complicated biological processes, especially in real-time in situ detection approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Zhang
- Institute for Clean Energy & Advanced Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
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Wang Y, Cao W, Yin C, Zhuang Q, Ni Y. Nonenzymatic Amperometric Sensor for Nitrite Detection Based on a Nanocomposite Consisting of Nickel Hydroxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide. ELECTROANAL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201800627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi China
| | - Wei Cao
- College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi China
| | - Chang Yin
- College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi China
| | - Qianfen Zhuang
- College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi China
| | - Yongnian Ni
- College of ChemistryNanchang University Nanchang 330031, Jiangxi China
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Gu J, Yin X, Bo X, Guo L. High Performance Electrocatalyst Based on MIL-101(Cr)/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite: Facile Synthesis and Electrochemical Detections. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jianxia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis Universities of Jilin Province; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | | | - Xiangjie Bo
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis Universities of Jilin Province; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 P. R. China
| | - Liping Guo
- Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis Universities of Jilin Province; Faculty of Chemistry; Northeast Normal University; Changchun 130024 P. R. China
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