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Liu WT, Li CQ, Fu AN, Yang HT, Xie YX, Yao H, Yi GH. Therapeutic implication of targeting mitochondrial drugs designed for efferocytosis dysfunction. J Drug Target 2024:1-17. [PMID: 39099434 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2386620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Efferocytosis refers to the process by which phagocytes remove apoptotic cells and related apoptotic products. It is essential for the growth and development of the body, the repair of damaged or inflamed tissues, and the balance of the immune system. Damaged efferocytosis will cause a variety of chronic inflammation and immune system diseases. Many studies show that efferocytosis is a process mediated by mitochondria. Mitochondrial metabolism, mitochondrial dynamics, and communication between mitochondria and other organelles can all affect phagocytes' clearance of apoptotic cells. Therefore, targeting mitochondria to modulate phagocyte efferocytosis is an anticipated strategy to prevent and treat chronic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. In this review, we introduced the mechanism of efferocytosis and the pivoted role of mitochondria in efferocytosis. In addition, we focused on the therapeutic implication of drugs targeting mitochondria in diseases related to efferocytosis dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Liu
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Chao-Quan Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Ao-Ni Fu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hao-Tian Yang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Arteriosclerotic Disease, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hunan, Hengyang, China
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2
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Tarbali S, Dadkhah M, Saadati H. Lipophilic fluorescent products as a potential biomarker of oxidative stress: A link between central (brain) and peripheral (blood). JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2024; 29:38. [PMID: 39239084 PMCID: PMC11376719 DOI: 10.4103/jrms.jrms_671_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a key role in brain damage because of the sensitivity of brain tissue to oxidative damage. Biomarkers with easy measurement can be a candidate for reflecting the oxidative stress issue in humans. For this reason, we need to focus on specific metabolic products of the brain. End products of free radical reactions such as malondialdehydes form fluorescent products known as lipophilic fluorescent products (LFPs). The distinctive feature of LFPs is their autofluorescent properties. LFPs are detectable in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid. Furthermore, because of the diffusion into the bloodstream, these lipophilic molecules can be detected in the blood. Accumulations of these compounds produce more reactive oxygen species and increase the sensitivity of cells to oxidative damage. Hence, LFPs can be considered a danger signal for neurons and can be introduced as a strong index of oxidative damage both in the central and in the peripheral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Tarbali
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Masoomeh Dadkhah
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Saadati
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
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3
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Sanabria-Castro A, Alape-Girón A, Flores-Díaz M, Echeverri-McCandless A, Parajeles-Vindas A. Oxidative stress involvement in the molecular pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis: a literature review. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:355-371. [PMID: 38163257 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune debilitating disease of the central nervous system caused by a mosaic of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. The pathological hallmarks of MS are chronic inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration. Oxidative stress, a state of imbalance between the production of reactive species and antioxidant defense mechanisms, is considered one of the key contributors in the pathophysiology of MS. This review is a comprehensive overview of the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which oxidant species contribute to the initiation and progression of MS including mitochondrial dysfunction, disruption of various signaling pathways, and autoimmune response activation. The detrimental effects of oxidative stress on neurons, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes, as well as the role of oxidants in promoting and perpetuating inflammation, demyelination, and axonal damage, are discussed. Finally, this review also points out the therapeutic potential of various synthetic antioxidants that must be evaluated in clinical trials in patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Sanabria-Castro
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Departamento de Farmacología, Toxicología y Farmacodependencia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Pedro de Montes de Oca, 11501, Costa Rica
| | - Alberto Alape-Girón
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Marietta Flores-Díaz
- Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, Dulce Nombre Vázquez de Coronado, 11103, Costa Rica
| | - Ann Echeverri-McCandless
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
| | - Alexander Parajeles-Vindas
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, San José, 10103, Costa Rica
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínica Bíblica, San José, 10104, Costa Rica
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4
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Simoës Da Gama C, Matta K, Dorothée G, Morin-Brureau M. [Blood protein-induced microglial activation in neurodegenerative diseases]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:324-327. [PMID: 38651954 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2024031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Coraly Simoës Da Gama
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Équipe Système immunitaire et neuroinflammation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Karen Matta
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Équipe Système immunitaire et neuroinflammation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Dorothée
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Équipe Système immunitaire et neuroinflammation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Morin-Brureau
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de recherche scientifique Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Équipe Système immunitaire et neuroinflammation, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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5
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Dias-Carvalho A, Sá SI, Carvalho F, Fernandes E, Costa VM. Inflammation as common link to progressive neurological diseases. Arch Toxicol 2024; 98:95-119. [PMID: 37964100 PMCID: PMC10761431 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-023-03628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Life expectancy has increased immensely over the past decades, bringing new challenges to the health systems as advanced age increases the predisposition for many diseases. One of those is the burden of neurologic disorders. While many hypotheses have been placed to explain aging mechanisms, it has been widely accepted that the increasing pro-inflammatory status with advanced age or "inflammaging" is a main determinant of biological aging. Furthermore, inflammaging is at the cornerstone of many age-related diseases and its involvement in neurologic disorders is an exciting hypothesis. Indeed, aging and neurologic disorders development in the elderly seem to share some basic pathways that fundamentally converge on inflammation. Peripheral inflammation significantly influences brain function and contributes to the development of neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Understanding the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of progressive neurological diseases is of crucial importance for developing effective treatments and interventions that can slow down or prevent disease progression, therefore, decreasing its social and economic burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Dias-Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Susana Isabel Sá
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Félix Carvalho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Eduarda Fernandes
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vera Marisa Costa
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
- UCIBIO- Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Temmerman J, Engelborghs S, Bjerke M, D’haeseleer M. Cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory biomarkers for disease progression in Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis: a systematic review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1162340. [PMID: 37520580 PMCID: PMC10374015 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1162340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory processes are involved in the pathophysiology of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) but their exact contribution to disease progression remains to be deciphered. Biomarkers are needed to define pathophysiological processes of these disorders, who may increasingly co-exist in the elderly generations of the future, due to the rising prevalence in both and ameliorated treatment options with improved life expectancy in MS. The purpose of this review was to provide a systematic overview of inflammatory biomarkers, as measured in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), that are associated with clinical disease progression. International peer-reviewed literature was screened using the PubMed and Web of Science databases. Disease progression had to be measured using clinically validated tests representing baseline functional and/or cognitive status, the evolution of such clinical scores over time and/or the transitioning from one disease stage to a more severe stage. The quality of included studies was systematically evaluated using a set of questions for clinical, neurochemical and statistical characteristics of the study. A total of 84 papers were included (twenty-five for AD and 59 for MS). Elevated CSF levels of chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) were associated with disease progression in both AD and MS. Osteopontin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 were more specifically related to disease progression in AD, whereas the same was true for interleukin-1 beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha, C-X-C motif ligand 13, glial fibrillary acidic protein and IgG oligoclonal bands in MS. We observed a broad heterogeneity of studies with varying cohort characterization, non-disclosure of quality measures for neurochemical analyses and a lack of adequate longitudinal designs. Most of the retrieved biomarkers are related to innate immune system activity, which seems to be an important mediator of clinical disease progression in AD and MS. Overall study quality was limited and we have framed some recommendations for future biomarker research in this field. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42021264741.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joke Temmerman
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Maria Bjerke
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universiteit Antwerpen, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute Born-Bunge, Reference Center for Biological Markers of Dementia (BIODEM), Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Clinical Biology, Laboratory of Clinical Neurochemistry, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Miguel D’haeseleer
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Center for Neurosciences (C4N), Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Department of Neurology, Jette, Brussels, Belgium
- National MS Center (NMSC), Neurology, Melsbroek, Steenokkerzeel, Belgium
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7
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Mendiola AS, Yan Z, Dixit K, Johnson JR, Bouhaddou M, Meyer-Franke A, Shin MG, Yong Y, Agrawal A, MacDonald E, Muthukumar G, Pearce C, Arun N, Cabriga B, Meza-Acevedo R, Alzamora MDPS, Zamvil SS, Pico AR, Ryu JK, Krogan NJ, Akassoglou K. Defining blood-induced microglia functions in neurodegeneration through multiomic profiling. Nat Immunol 2023; 24:1173-1187. [PMID: 37291385 PMCID: PMC10307624 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Blood protein extravasation through a disrupted blood-brain barrier and innate immune activation are hallmarks of neurological diseases and emerging therapeutic targets. However, how blood proteins polarize innate immune cells remains largely unknown. Here, we established an unbiased blood-innate immunity multiomic and genetic loss-of-function pipeline to define the transcriptome and global phosphoproteome of blood-induced innate immune polarization and its role in microglia neurotoxicity. Blood induced widespread microglial transcriptional changes, including changes involving oxidative stress and neurodegenerative genes. Comparative functional multiomics showed that blood proteins induce distinct receptor-mediated transcriptional programs in microglia and macrophages, such as redox, type I interferon and lymphocyte recruitment. Deletion of the blood coagulation factor fibrinogen largely reversed blood-induced microglia neurodegenerative signatures. Genetic elimination of the fibrinogen-binding motif to CD11b in Alzheimer's disease mice reduced microglial lipid metabolism and neurodegenerative signatures that were shared with autoimmune-driven neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis mice. Our data provide an interactive resource for investigation of the immunology of blood proteins that could support therapeutic targeting of microglia activation by immune and vascular signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew S Mendiola
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhaoqi Yan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karuna Dixit
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Mehdi Bouhaddou
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yu Yong
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Eilidh MacDonald
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Clairice Pearce
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nikhita Arun
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Belinda Cabriga
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Rosa Meza-Acevedo
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Maria Del Pilar S Alzamora
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nevan J Krogan
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Center for Neurovascular Brain Immunology at Gladstone and UCSF, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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8
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Azargoonjahromi A. Dual role of nitric oxide in Alzheimer's Disease. Nitric Oxide 2023; 134-135:23-37. [PMID: 37019299 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), an enzymatic product of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), has been associated with a variety of neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). NO has long been thought to contribute to neurotoxic insults caused by neuroinflammation in AD. This perception shifts as more attention is paid to the early stages before cognitive problems manifest. However, it has revealed a compensatory neuroprotective role for NO that protects synapses by increasing neuronal excitability. NO can positively affect neurons by inducing neuroplasticity, neuroprotection, and myelination, as well as having cytolytic activity to reduce inflammation. NO can also induce long-term potentiation (LTP), a process by which synaptic connections among neurons become more potent. Not to mention that such functions give rise to AD protection. Notably, it is unquestionably necessary to conduct more research to clarify NO pathways in neurodegenerative dementias because doing so could help us better understand their pathophysiology and develop more effective treatment options. All these findings bring us to the prevailing notion that NO can be used either as a therapeutic agent in patients afflicted with AD and other memory impairment disorders or as a contributor to the neurotoxic and aggressive factor in AD. In this review, after presenting a general background on AD and NO, various factors that have a pivotal role in both protecting and exacerbating AD and their correlation with NO will be elucidated. Following this, both the neuroprotective and neurotoxic effects of NO on neurons and glial cells among AD cases will be discussed in detail.
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Blood Metabolomics May Discriminate a Sub-Group of Patients with First Demyelinating Episode in the Context of RRMS with Increased Disability and MRI Characteristics Indicative of Poor Prognosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314578. [PMID: 36498904 PMCID: PMC9735785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarker research across the health-to-disease continuum is being increasingly applied. We applied blood-based metabolomics in order to identify patient clusters with a first demyelinating episode, and explored the prognostic potential of the method by thoroughly characterizing each cluster in terms of clinical, laboratory and MRI markers of established prognostic potential for Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Recruitment consisted of 11 patients with Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS), 37 patients with a first demyelinating episode in the context of Relapsing-Remitting MS (RRMS) and 11 control participants. Blood-based metabolomics and hierarchical clustering analysis (HCL) were applied. Constructed OPLS-DA models illustrated a discrimination between patients with CIS and the controls (p = 0.0014), as well as between patients with RRMS and the controls (p = 1 × 10−5). Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCL) for patients with RRMS identified three clusters. RRMS-patients-cluster-3 exhibited higher mean cell numbers in the Cerebro-spinal Fluid (CSF) compared to patients with CIS (18.17 ± 6.3 vs. 1.09 ± 0.41, p = 0.004). Mean glucose CSF/serum ratio and infratentorial lesion burden significantly differed across CIS- and HCL-derived RRMS-patient clusters (F = 14.95, p < 0.001 and F = 6.087, p = 0.002, respectively), mainly due to increased mean values for patients with RRMS-cluster-3. HCL discriminated a cluster of patients with a first demyelinating episode in the context of RRMS with increased disability, laboratory findings linked with increased pathology burden and MRI markers of poor prognosis.
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Islam F, Islam MM, Khan Meem AF, Nafady MH, Islam MR, Akter A, Mitra S, Alhumaydhi FA, Emran TB, Khusro A, Simal-Gandara J, Eftekhari A, Karimi F, Baghayeri M. Multifaceted role of polyphenols in the treatment and management of neurodegenerative diseases. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:136020. [PMID: 35985383 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are conditions that cause neuron structure and/or function to deteriorate over time. Genetic alterations may be responsible for several NDDs. However, a multitude of physiological systems can trigger neurodegeneration. Several NDDs, such as Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Alzheimer's, are assigned to oxidative stress (OS). Low concentrations of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are crucial for maintaining normal brain activities, as their increasing concentrations can promote neural apoptosis. OS-mediated neurodegeneration has been linked to several factors, including notable dysfunction of mitochondria, excitotoxicity, and Ca2+ stress. However, synthetic drugs are commonly utilized to treat most NDDs, and these treatments have been known to have side effects during treatment. According to providing empirical evidence, studies have discovered many occurring natural components in plants used to treat NDDs. Polyphenols are often safer and have lesser side effects. As, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, celastrol, berberine, genistein, and luteolin have p-values less than 0.05, so they are typically considered to be statistically significant. These polyphenols could be a choice of interest as therapeutics for NDDs. This review highlighted to discusses the putative effectiveness of polyphenols against the most prevalent NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Md Mohaimenul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Atkia Farzana Khan Meem
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Mohamed H Nafady
- Faculty of Applied Health Science Technology, Misr University for Science and Technology, Giza, 12568, Egypt
| | - Md Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Aklima Akter
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Saikat Mitra
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Fahad A Alhumaydhi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, 52571, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh; Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong, 4381, Bangladesh.
| | - Ameer Khusro
- Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India; Centre for Research and Development, Department of Biotechnology, Hindustan College of Arts & Science, Padur, OMR, Chennai, 603103, India
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E32004, Ourense, Spain.
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karimi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Baghayeri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, PO. Box 397, Sabzevar, Iran.
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Kasindi A, Fuchs DT, Koronyo Y, Rentsendorj A, Black KL, Koronyo-Hamaoui M. Glatiramer Acetate Immunomodulation: Evidence of Neuroprotection and Cognitive Preservation. Cells 2022; 11:1578. [PMID: 35563884 PMCID: PMC9099707 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel, neuroprotective uses of Copaxone (generic name: glatiramer acetate-GA) are being examined, primarily in neurological conditions involving cognitive decline. GA is a well-studied synthetic copolymer that is FDA-approved for immune-based treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Clinical studies have explored the potential mechanism of action (MOA) and outcomes of GA immunization in patients. Furthermore, results from these and animal studies suggest that GA has a direct immunomodulatory effect on adaptive and innate immune cell phenotypes and responses. These MOAs have been postulated to have a common neuroprotective impact in several neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Notably, several clinical studies report that the use of GA mitigated MS-associated cognitive decline. Its propensity to ameliorate neuro-proinflammatory and degenerative processes ignites increased interest in potential alternate uses such as in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preclinical studies are exploring less frequent subcutaneous administration of GA, such as once weekly or monthly or a single dosing regimen. Indeed, cognitive functions were found to be either preserved, reversed, or improved after the less frequent treatment regimens with GA in animal models of AD. In this systematic review, we examine the potential novel uses of GA across clinical and pre-clinical studies, with evidence for its beneficial impact on cognition. Future investigation in large-size, double-blind clinical trials is warranted to establish the impact of GA immunomodulation on neuroprotection and cognitive preservation in various neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Kasindi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
| | - Dieu-Trang Fuchs
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
| | - Yosef Koronyo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
| | - Altan Rentsendorj
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
| | - Keith L. Black
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
| | - Maya Koronyo-Hamaoui
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maxine Dunitz Neurosurgical Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA; (A.K.); (D.-T.F.); (Y.K.); (A.R.); (K.L.B.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
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Tarbali S, Karami Mehrian S, Khezri S. Toxicity effects evaluation of green synthesized silver nanoparticles on intraperitoneally exposed male Wistar rats. Toxicol Mech Methods 2022; 32:488-500. [DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2049412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Tarbali
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Saeed Karami Mehrian
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Razi, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Khezri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
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Stepanova A, Makshakov G, Kulyakhtin A, Kalinin I, Feys P, Evdoshenko E. Improvement of gait and balance in patients with multiple sclerosis after multidisciplinary physical rehabilitation: Analysis of real-world data in Russia. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2022; 59:103640. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2022.103640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Stampanoni Bassi M, Iezzi E, Centonze D. Multiple sclerosis: Inflammation, autoimmunity and plasticity. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:457-470. [PMID: 35034754 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00024-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, experimental studies have clarified that immune system influences the functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) in both physiologic and pathologic conditions. The neuro-immune crosstalk plays a crucial role in neuronal development and may be critically involved in mediating CNS response to neuronal damage. Multiple sclerosis (MS) represents a good model to investigate how the immune system regulates neuronal activity. Accordingly, a growing body of evidence has demonstrated that increased levels of pro-inflammatory mediators may significantly impact synaptic mechanisms, influencing overall neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity expression. In this chapter, we provide an overview of preclinical data and clinical studies exploring synaptic functioning noninvasively with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in patients with MS. Moreover, we examine how inflammation-driven synaptic dysfunction could affect synaptic plasticity expression, negatively influencing the MS course. Contrasting CSF inflammation together with pharmacologic enhancement of synaptic plasticity and application of noninvasive brain stimulation, alone or in combination with rehabilitative treatments, could improve the clinical compensation and prevent the accumulating deterioration in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- Unit of Neurology & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology & Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy; Laboratory of Synaptic Immunopathology, Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy.
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15
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Hassan W, Noreen H, Rehman S, Kamal MA, Teixeira da Rocha JB. Association of Oxidative Stress with Neurological Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1046-1072. [PMID: 34781871 PMCID: PMC9886831 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666211111141246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGORUND Oxidative stress is one of the main contributing factors involved in cerebral biochemical impairment. The higher susceptibility of the central nervous system to reactive oxygen species mediated damage could be attributed to several factors. For example, neurons use a greater quantity of oxygen, many parts of the brain have higher concentraton of iron, and neuronal mitochondria produce huge content of hydrogen peroxide. In addition, neuronal membranes have polyunsaturated fatty acids, which are predominantly vulnerable to oxidative stress (OS). OS is the imbalance between reactive oxygen species generation and cellular antioxidant potential. This may lead to various pathological conditions and diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases such as, Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and Huntington's diseases. OBJECTIVES In this study, we explored the involvement of OS in neurodegenerative diseases. METHODS We used different search terms like "oxidative stress and neurological disorders" "free radicals and neurodegenerative disorders" "oxidative stress, free radicals, and neurological disorders" and "association of oxidative stress with the name of disorders taken from the list of neurological disorders. We tried to summarize the source, biological effects, and physiologic functions of ROS. RESULTS Finally, it was noted that more than 190 neurological disorders are associated with oxidative stress. CONCLUSION More elaborated studies in the future will certainly help in understanding the exact mechanism involved in neurological diseases and provide insight into revelation of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waseem Hassan
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hamsa Noreen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shakila Rehman
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P. O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Joao Batista Teixeira da Rocha
- Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil
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Assessment of lipophilic fluorescence products in β-amyloid-induced cognitive decline: A parallel track in hippocampus, CSF, plasma and erythrocytes. Exp Gerontol 2021; 157:111645. [PMID: 34843902 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress implicates in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology, and associates with the creation of end products of free radical reactions, are known as lipophilic fluorescent products (LFPs). This study aimed to evaluate the probable parallel alterations in the spectral properties of the LFPs in the hippocampus tissues, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, and erythrocytes during AD model induction by intra-cerebroventricular (ICV) amyloid β-protein fragment 25-35 (Aβ) injection. METHODS Male rats received an intra-ICV injection of Aβ. Hippocampus, CSF, plasma, and erythrocytes were harvested at 5, 14, and 21 days after Aβ injection. The fluorescent intensity of LFPs was assessed by spectrofluorimetry using synchronous fluorescence spectra 25 (SYN 25) and 50 (SYN 50) in the range of 250-500 nm. Hippocampal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were also measured. Cognitive alterations were evaluated using Morris water maze (MWM) test. RESULTS The parallel significant rise in the fluorescence intensity of LFPs was detected in the hippocampus, CSF, plasma, and erythrocytes, 14, and 21 days after ICV-Aβ injection. These alterations were found in both types of synchronous spectra 25, and 50, and were coincided with hippocampal cognitive decline, the MDA rise, and decrease of SOD activity. There was a positive correlation between hippocampus homogenate, and plasma or CSF rise in fluorescence intensity. CONCLUSION Data showed that the Aβ increased hippocampal MDA, and decreased SOD activity, led to a higher rate of oxidative products and subsequently resulted in an increase in LFPs fluorescence intensity during the development of cognitive decline. LFPs' alterations reflect a comprehensive view of tissue redox status. The fluorescence properties of LFPs indicate their composition, which may pave the way to trace the different pathological states.
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Prá M, Ferreira GK, de Mello AH, Uberti MF, Engel NA, Costa AB, Zepon KM, Francisco GG, Hlavac NRC, Terra SR, Garcez ML, Zaccaron RP, Mendes C, Tschoeke ACP, Kanis LA, Budni J, Silveira PCL, Petronilho F, da Silva Paula MM, Rezin GT. Treatment with isolated gold nanoparticles reverses brain damage caused by obesity. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 120:111392. [PMID: 33545808 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we performed two experiments. In the first experiment, the objective was to link gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with sodium diclofenac and/or soy lecithin and to determine their concentration in tissues and their toxicity using hepatic and renal analyzes in mice to evaluate their safety as therapeutic agents in the subsequent treatment of obesity. In the second experiment, we evaluated the effect of GNPs on inflammatory and biochemical parameters in obese mice. In the first experiment, we synthesized and characterized 18 nm GNPs that were administered intraperitoneally in isolation or in association with sodium diclofenac and/or soy lecithin in mice once daily for 1 or 14 days. Twenty-four hours after the single or final administration, the animals were euthanized, following which the tissues were removed for evaluating the concentration of GNPs, and serum samples were collected for hepatic and renal analysis. Hepatic damage was evaluated based on the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), whereas renal damage was evaluated based on creatinine levels. A higher concentration of GNPs was detected in the tissues upon administration for 14 days, and there were no signs of hepatic or renal damage. In the second experiment, the mice were used as animal models of obesity and were fed a high-fat diet (obese group) and control diet (control group). After eight weeks of high-fat diet administration, the mice were treated with saline or with GNPs (average size of 18 nm) at a concentration of 70 mg/L (70 mg/kg) once a day, for 14 days, for 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were measured frequently. After the experiment ended, the animals were euthanized, serum samples were collected for glucose and lipid profile analysis, the mesenteric fat content was weighed, and the brains were removed for inflammatory and biochemical analysis. In obese mice, although GNP administration did not reduce body and mesenteric fat weight, it reduced food intake. The glucose levels were reversed upon administration of GNPs, whereas the lipid profile was not altered in any of the groups. GNPs exerted a beneficial effect on inflammation and oxidative stress parameters, without reverting mitochondrial dysfunction. Our results indicate that the intraperitoneal administration of GNPs for 14 days results in a significant GNP concentration in adipose tissues, which could be an interesting finding for the treatment of inflammation associated with obesity. Based on the efficacy of GNPs in reducing dietary intake, inflammation, and oxidative stress, they can be considered potential alternative agents for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgana Prá
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcela Fornari Uberti
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Costa
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Karine Modolon Zepon
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Guzatti Francisco
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Regina Capacchi Hlavac
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Resende Terra
- Laboratório de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zaccaron
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Carolini Mendes
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Alberto Kanis
- Laboratório de Tecnologia Farmacêutica, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Laboratório de Neurologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Marcos Marques da Silva Paula
- Departamento de Física, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia dos Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
The relationship between headache and multiple sclerosis (MS) has been a matter of controversy for over 60 years. Headaches are still rated as a "red flag", indicating alternative diagnoses to MS, although in the last few years numerous studies have shown a frequent association between headache and MS. In recent studies on MS patients, a link was found between lower age/shorter disease duration of MS and frequent headaches. A study of 50 patients manifesting MS for the first time showed the highest headache prevalence in MS of 78% reported so far.Headaches can also be a possible side effect of most disease-modifying MS drugs. In many cases, however, the headache appears to be a symptom of MS in terms of secondary headache. This is also supported by pathophysiological implications, for example, by detecting B cell follicles in the meninges of MS patients.Migraine is the most common type of headache in MS. In some cases, this is a comorbidity of two diseases with many similarities, but headaches caused by inflammatory MS lesions also appear to be phenomenologically very similar to classic migraines; thus, distinguishing between them is often only successful with the help of thorough differential diagnostics (cerebrospinal fluid, MRI etc.).The task of future studies must be to specify the phenomenology of headache in MS even more precisely, in order to, to gain knowledge in, among others, patients with radiologically isolated syndrome, who often suffer from headache, because in these patients a considerable differential diagnostic and therapeutic uncertainty exists.
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Uddin MS, Al Mamun A, Kabir MT, Ahmad J, Jeandet P, Sarwar MS, Ashraf GM, Aleya L. Neuroprotective role of polyphenols against oxidative stress-mediated neurodegeneration. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 886:173412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Borrelli S, Genoud-Prachex T, Meyer M, Démonet JF, Rouaud O. Unsuspected Alzheimer disease in a patient with Multiple sclerosis and progressive aphasia. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 45:102349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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"A case report: Co-occurrence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and multiple sclerosis". Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020; 46:102517. [PMID: 32977078 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2020.102517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a chronic pathological condition characterized by progressive accumulation of amyloid protein in the wall of cerebral blood vessels, both leptomeningeal and cortical. That may result in the development of such conditions as microaneurysms, hemorrhagic, ischaemic brain injury and contribute to cognitive impairment. We herein report a case of Iowa-type hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) mutation diagnosed with MS. The family of the reported patient had performed genetic testing due to the history of intracerebral hemorrhage. Sequence analysis of exon 17 of the APP gene showed the presence of the D694N g.275272 G > A (c.2080 G > A) mutation, which caused the substitution of aspartate for aspargine at position 694 of APP. Alike the discussed patient, this mutation has been found in other family members in an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Contrary to the rest of the family, the reported patient has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis based on McDonald criteria. Recent studies shed light on the possible link between the APP accumulation and MS progression. It has been indicated that amyloid can prove a vital role in neuroimmunology, whereas the accumulation of APP in the CNS has been suggested to be a potential biomarker for the progression of MS. Moreover, the amyloid positron-emission tomography (amyloid-PET) has been demonstrated to serve as a diagnostic tool for establishing the degree of demyelination and remyelination in MS. Even though, one swallow does not make a summer, this finding would be another step forward in the understanding of pathological processes underlying the pathogenesis of MS.
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Allison DB, Ren G, Peliciari-Garcia RA, Mia S, McGinnis GR, Davis J, Gamble KL, Kim JA, Young ME. Diurnal, metabolic and thermogenic alterations in a murine model of accelerated aging. Chronobiol Int 2020; 37:1119-1139. [PMID: 32819176 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2020.1796699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Senescence-Accelerated Mouse-Prone 8 (SAMP8) mice exhibit characteristics of premature aging, including hair loss, cognitive dysfunction, reduced physical activity, impaired metabolic homeostasis, cardiac dysfunction and reduced lifespan. Interestingly, circadian disruption can induce or augment many of these same pathologies. Moreover, previous studies have reported that SAMP8 mice exhibit abnormalities in circadian wheel-running behavior, indicating possible alterations in circadian clock function. These observations led to the hypothesis that 24 h rhythms in behavior and/or circadian clock function are altered in SAMP8 mice and that these alterations may contribute to perturbations in whole-body metabolism. Here, we report that 6-month-old SAMP8 mice exhibit a more prominent biphasic pattern in daily behaviors (food intake and physical activity) and whole-body metabolism (energy expenditure, respiratory exchange ratio), relative to SAMR1 control mice. Consistent with a delayed onset of food intake at the end of the light phase, SAMP8 mice exhibit a phase delay (1.3-1.9 h) in 24 h gene expression rhythms of major circadian clock components (bmal1, rev-erbα, per2, dbp) in peripheral tissues (liver, skeletal muscle, white adipose tissue [WAT], brown adipose tissue [BAT]). Forcing mice to consume food only during the dark period improved alignment of both whole-body metabolism and oscillations in expression of clock genes in peripheral tissues between SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice. Next, interrogation of metabolic genes revealed altered expression of thermogenesis mediators (ucp1, pgc1α, dio2) in WAT and/or BAT in SAMP8 mice. Interestingly, SAMP8 mice exhibit a decreased tolerance to an acute (5 h) cold challenge. Moreover, SAMP8 and SAMR1 mice exhibited differential responses to a chronic (1 week) decrease in ambient temperature; the greatest response in whole-body substrate selection was observed in SAMR1 mice. Collectively, these observations reveal differential behaviors (e.g. 24 h food intake patterns) in SAMP8 mice that are associated with perturbations in peripheral circadian clocks, metabolism and thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Allison
- School of Public Health, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana, USA
| | - Guang Ren
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Rodrigo A Peliciari-Garcia
- Morphophysiology & Pathology Sector, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo , Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sobuj Mia
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Graham R McGinnis
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Karen L Gamble
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Jeong-A Kim
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Carrasco L, Pisa D, Alonso R. Polymicrobial Infections and Neurodegenerative Diseases. CURRENT CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40588-020-00139-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Zeydan B, Lowe VJ, Reichard RR, Przybelski SA, Lesnick TG, Schwarz CG, Senjem ML, Gunter JL, Parisi JE, Machulda MM, Vemuri P, Mielke MM, Knopman DS, Petersen RC, Jack CR, Kantarci OH, Kantarci K. Imaging Biomarkers of Alzheimer Disease in Multiple Sclerosis. Ann Neurol 2020; 87:556-567. [PMID: 31970802 PMCID: PMC7078013 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate β‐amyloid and tau depositions using Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) positron emission tomography (PET) and AV1451 tau PET imaging in aging multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods Patients with MS (n = 16) and controls (n = 80) matched for age, sex, and APOE ε4 status from the population‐based Mayo Clinic Study of Aging who underwent PiB PET imaging were studied. Of these individuals, 12 patients with MS and 60 matching controls also underwent AV1451 tau PET. Cortical PiB and AV1451 standard uptake value ratios (SUVrs) from the entire cortex and previously determined Alzheimer disease (AD) signature regions in the same population were calculated for group comparisons and testing for associations with age. Results AD signature PiB SUVr (odds ratio [OR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] = 0.52 [0.27–0.98], p = 0.044), total cortical PiB SUVr (OR [95% CI] = 0.52 [0.28–0.99], p = 0.048), and the frequency of abnormal PiB SUVrs (OR [95% CI] = 0.10 [0.01–0.90], p = 0.040) were lower in MS than controls. Although AD‐signature and total cortical AV1451 SUVrs were not different between the groups, the frequency of abnormal AV1451 SUVrs was higher (OR [95% CI] = 10.65 [1.10–103.35], p = 0.041) in MS than controls. The association of AD signature PiB SUVr with age was steeper in the controls compared to patients with MS (estimate [95% CI] = −0.14 [−0.023 to −0.006], p = 0.002). Similarly, the association of total cortical PiB SUVr with age was steeper in the controls compared to patients with MS (estimate [95% CI] = −0.13 [−0.021 to −0.005], p = 0.002). There was no difference in the association of AV1451 SUVr findings with age between the MS patients and controls. Interpretation Although both β‐amyloid and tau are biomarkers of cognitive aging and AD, cortical β‐amyloid deposition was lower in MS than age‐matched controls, suggesting that some aspect of MS pathobiology retards the accumulation of β‐amyloid but not the accumulation of tau. ANN NEUROL 2020;87:556–567
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Zeydan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Val J Lowe
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Ross R Reichard
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | - Matthew L Senjem
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Jeffrey L Gunter
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Information Technology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Mary M Machulda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Michelle M Mielke
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | | | - Orhun H Kantarci
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.,Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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de Bona Schraiber R, de Mello AH, Garcez ML, de Bem Silveira G, Zacaron RP, de Souza Goldim MP, Budni J, Silveira PCL, Petronilho F, Ferreira GK, Rezin GT. Diet-induced obesity causes hypothalamic neurochemistry alterations in Swiss mice. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:565-573. [PMID: 30635861 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-018-0337-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess inflammatory parameters, oxidative stress and energy metabolism in the hypothalamus of diet-induced obese mice. Male Swiss mice were divided into two study groups: control group and obese group. The animals in the control group were fed a diet with adequate amounts of macronutrients (normal-lipid diet), whereas the animals in the obese group were fed a high-fat diet to induce obesity. Obesity induction lasted 10 weeks, at the end of this period the disease model was validated in animals. The animals in the obese group had higher calorie consumption, higher body weight and higher weight of mesenteric fat compared to control group. Obesity showed an increase in levels of interleukin 1β and decreased levels of interleukin 10 in the hypothalamus. Furthermore, increased lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation, and decreased level of glutathione in the hypothalamus of obese animals. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the activity of antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. The obese group had lower activity of complex I, II and IV of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, as well as lower activity of creatine kinase in the hypothalamus as compared to the control group. Thus, the results from this study showed changes in inflammatory markers, and dysregulation of metabolic enzymes in the pathophysiology of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane de Bona Schraiber
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Aline Haas de Mello
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Michelle Lima Garcez
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Unit Neurodegeneration, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo de Bem Silveira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rubya Pereira Zacaron
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Josiane Budni
- Neuroscience Laboratory, Unit Neurodegeneration, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Laboratory of Physiology and Biochemistry of Exercise, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrícia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
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Fibrinogen Induces Microglia-Mediated Spine Elimination and Cognitive Impairment in an Alzheimer's Disease Model. Neuron 2019; 101:1099-1108.e6. [PMID: 30737131 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2019.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cerebrovascular alterations are a key feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, whether vascular damage contributes to synaptic dysfunction and how it synergizes with amyloid pathology to cause neuroinflammation and cognitive decline remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the blood protein fibrinogen induces spine elimination and promotes cognitive deficits mediated by CD11b-CD18 microglia activation. 3D molecular labeling in cleared mouse and human AD brains combined with repetitive in vivo two-photon imaging showed focal fibrinogen deposits associated with loss of dendritic spines independent of amyloid plaques. Fibrinogen-induced spine elimination was prevented by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation or genetic ablation of CD11b. Genetic elimination of the fibrinogen binding motif to CD11b reduced neuroinflammation, synaptic deficits, and cognitive decline in the 5XFAD mouse model of AD. Thus, fibrinogen-induced spine elimination and cognitive decline via CD11b link cerebrovascular damage with immune-mediated neurodegeneration and may have important implications in AD and related conditions.
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28
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Luczynski P, Laule C, Hsiung GYR, Moore GW, Tremlett H. Coexistence of Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease: A review. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019; 27:232-238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2018.10.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Revised: 08/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Ryu JK, Rafalski VA, Meyer-Franke A, Adams RA, Poda SB, Rios Coronado PE, Pedersen LØ, Menon V, Baeten KM, Sikorski SL, Bedard C, Hanspers K, Bardehle S, Mendiola AS, Davalos D, Machado MR, Chan JP, Plastira I, Petersen MA, Pfaff SJ, Ang KK, Hallenbeck KK, Syme C, Hakozaki H, Ellisman MH, Swanson RA, Zamvil SS, Arkin MR, Zorn SH, Pico AR, Mucke L, Freedman SB, Stavenhagen JB, Nelson RB, Akassoglou K. Fibrin-targeting immunotherapy protects against neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:1212-1223. [PMID: 30323343 PMCID: PMC6317891 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0232-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Activation of innate immunity and deposition of blood-derived fibrin in the central nervous system (CNS) occur in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms that link disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to neurodegeneration are poorly understood, and exploration of fibrin as a therapeutic target has been limited by its beneficial clotting functions. Here we report the generation of monoclonal antibody 5B8, targeted against the cryptic fibrin epitope γ377-395, to selectively inhibit fibrin-induced inflammation and oxidative stress without interfering with clotting. 5B8 suppressed fibrin-induced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase activation and the expression of proinflammatory genes. In animal models of MS and AD, 5B8 entered the CNS and bound to parenchymal fibrin, and its therapeutic administration reduced the activation of innate immunity and neurodegeneration. Thus, fibrin-targeting immunotherapy inhibited autoimmunity- and amyloid-driven neurotoxicity and might have clinical benefit without globally suppressing innate immunity or interfering with coagulation in diverse neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Kyu Ryu
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Ryan A Adams
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shoana L Sikorski
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Dimitrios Davalos
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Ioanna Plastira
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mark A Petersen
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Samuel J Pfaff
- Small Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenny K Ang
- Small Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenneth K Hallenbeck
- Small Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Hiroyuki Hakozaki
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Mark H Ellisman
- National Center for Microscopy and Imaging Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Raymond A Swanson
- Neurology Service, San Francisco Veteran Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Scott S Zamvil
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michelle R Arkin
- Small Molecule Discovery Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Lennart Mucke
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Katerina Akassoglou
- Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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30
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Connick P, De Angelis F, Parker RA, Plantone D, Doshi A, John N, Stutters J, MacManus D, Prados Carrasco F, Barkhof F, Ourselin S, Braisher M, Ross M, Cranswick G, Pavitt SH, Giovannoni G, Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Hawkins C, Sharrack B, Bastow R, Weir CJ, Stallard N, Chandran S, Chataway J. Multiple Sclerosis-Secondary Progressive Multi-Arm Randomisation Trial (MS-SMART): a multiarm phase IIb randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial comparing the efficacy of three neuroprotective drugs in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021944. [PMID: 30166303 PMCID: PMC6119433 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The major unmet need in multiple sclerosis (MS) is for neuroprotective therapies that can slow (or ideally stop) the rate of disease progression. The UK MS Society Clinical Trials Network (CTN) was initiated in 2007 with the purpose of developing a national, efficient, multiarm trial of repurposed drugs. Key underpinning work was commissioned by the CTN to inform the design, outcome selection and drug choice including animal models and a systematic review. This identified seven leading oral agents for repurposing as neuroprotective therapies in secondary progressive MS (SPMS). The purpose of the Multiple Sclerosis-Secondary Progressive Multi-Arm Randomisation Trial (MS-SMART) will be to evaluate the neuroprotective efficacy of three of these drugs, selected with distinct mechanistic actions and previous evidence of likely efficacy, against a common placebo arm. The interventions chosen were: amiloride (acid-sensing ion channel antagonist); fluoxetine (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor) and riluzole (glutamate antagonist). METHODS AND ANALYSIS Patients with progressing SPMS will be randomised 1:1:1:1 to amiloride, fluoxetine, riluzole or matched placebo and followed for 96 weeks. The primary outcome will be the percentage brain volume change (PBVC) between baseline and 96 weeks, derived from structural MR brain imaging data using the Structural Image Evaluation, using Normalisation, of Atrophy method. With a sample size of 90 per arm, this will give 90% power to detect a 40% reduction in PBVC in any active arm compared with placebo and 80% power to detect a 35% reduction (analysing by analysis of covariance and with adjustment for multiple comparisons of three 1.67% two-sided tests), giving a 5% overall two-sided significance level. MS-SMART is not powered to detect differences between the three active treatment arms. Allowing for a 20% dropout rate, 110 patients per arm will be randomised. The study will take place at Neuroscience centres in England and Scotland. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION MS-SMART was approved by the Scotland A Research Ethics Committee on 13 January 2013 (REC reference: 13/SS/0007). Results of the study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS NCT01910259; 2012-005394-31; ISRCTN28440672.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Connick
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Floriana De Angelis
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Richard A Parker
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Domenico Plantone
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Anisha Doshi
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Nevin John
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Jonathan Stutters
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - David MacManus
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Ferran Prados Carrasco
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging Group (TIG), Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), UCL, London, UK
| | - Frederik Barkhof
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sebastien Ourselin
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Translational Imaging Group (TIG), Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC), UCL, London, UK
| | - Marie Braisher
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Moira Ross
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gina Cranswick
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sue H Pavitt
- Dental Translational and Clinical Research Unit (part of the NIHR Leeds CRF), University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Gavin Giovannoni
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Claudia Angela Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
- Brain MRI 3T Research Center, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Clive Hawkins
- Keele Medical School and Institute for Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, UK
| | - Basil Sharrack
- Department of Neuroscience, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Christopher J Weir
- Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit, Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Nigel Stallard
- Statistics and Epidemiology, Division of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | | | - Jeremy Chataway
- Department of Neuroinflammation, Queen Square Multiple Sclerosis Centre, UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
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Reproductive period and epigenetic modifications of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway in the human prefrontal cortex. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199073. [PMID: 30052629 PMCID: PMC6063396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Human females have a unique duration of post-reproductive longevity, during which sex-specific mechanisms ma influence later-life mechanisms of neuronal resilience and vulnerability. The maintenance of energy metabolism, through the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) apparatus, is essential for brain health. Given the known association between reproductive period (years from menarche to menopause) and cognitive aging, we examined the hypothesis that cumulative estrogen exposure across the lifetime may be associated with differential methylation of genes in the OXPHOS pathway. METHODS Using DNA methylation patterns in the post-mortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) of 426 women prospectively followed until death in the Religious Orders Study and Rush Memory and Aging Project, we examined the relationship between reproductive period (subtracting age at menarche from age at menopause) and DNA methylation of a published set of autosomal OXPHOS genes previously implicated in stroke susceptibility. We then performed an unsupervised analysis of methylation levels across the Hallmark pathways from the Molecular Signatures Database. RESULTS We observed a strong association between reproductive period and DNA methylation status across OXPHOS CpGs. We replicated this association between reproductive period and DNA methylation in a much larger set of OXPHOS genes in our unsupervised analysis. Here, reproductive period also showed associations with methylation in genes related to E2F, MYC and MTORC1 signaling, fatty acid metabolism and DNA repair. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence from both a supervised and unsupervised analyses, that lifetime cumulative endogenous steroid exposures may play a role in maintenance of post-menopausal cellular balance, including in brain tissue.
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Isoliquiritigenin attenuates glutamate-induced mitochondrial fission via calcineurin-mediated Drp1 dephosphorylation in HT22 hippocampal neuron cells. Neurotoxicology 2018; 68:133-141. [PMID: 30048666 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2018.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies suggest that glutamate toxicity is a major contributor to neuronal dysfunction and death in several neurodegenerative diseases. In our previous study, isoliquiritigenin (ISL) isolated from Glycyrrhiza uralensis showed neuroprotective effects against neuronal cell death mediated by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. However, the mechanisms by which ISL protects against glutamate-induced oxidative stress are unknown. In the present study, we focused on the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the inhibition of ROS production and induction of mitochondrial dysfunction by ISL in glutamate-stimulated HT22 mouse hippocampal neuron cells. The results revealed that ISL inhibited glutamate-induced mitochondrial ROS production and decline of glutathione levels and ATP generation in HT22 cells. Interestingly, we discovered that ISL prevents glutamate-induced mitochondrial fission by inhibiting the dephosphorylation of Drp1 at the serine 637 residue, which is a regulatory factor of mitochondrial dynamics, and both a S637D mutation of Drp1, which resulted in a phosphorylation-mimetic form of Drp1 at Ser637, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-TEMPO inhibited glutamate-induced mitochondrial fission. Furthermore, ISL also prevented the increase of intracellular calcium accompanied by activation of calcineurin, which is a key regulator of dephosphorylation of Drp1 (Ser637), in glutamate-treated HT22 cells. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ISL protects against glutamate-induced mitochondrial fission by inhibiting the increase of mitochondrial ROS and intracellular calcium, which are accompanied by dephosphorylation of Drp1 (Ser637), and consequently attenuates glutamate-induced neuronal cell death. Therefore, these findings suggest that ISL exhibits the potential for protection against glutamate toxicity. These results may contribute to the development of new drugs and novel strategies for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders related to glutamate toxicity.
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Alonso R, Fernández-Fernández AM, Pisa D, Carrasco L. Multiple sclerosis and mixed microbial infections. Direct identification of fungi and bacteria in nervous tissue. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 117:42-61. [PMID: 29859870 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the prototypical inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS), leading to multifocal demyelination and neurodegeneration. The etiology of this incurable disease is unknown and remains a matter of intensive research. The possibility that microbial infections, such as viruses or bacteria, can trigger an autoimmune reaction in CNS tissue has been suggested. However, the recent demonstration that bacteria are present in CNS tissue points to a direct involvement of microbial infections in the etiology of MS. In the present study, we provide the first evidence of fungal infection in CNS tissue of MS patients, and demonstrate that fungal DNA from different species can be detected in the CNS. We used, nested PCR assays together with next-generation sequencing to identify the fungal species in the nervous tissue of 10 patients with MS. Strikingly, Trichosporon mucoides was found in the majority of MS patients, and particularly high levels of this fungus were found in two patients. Importantly, T. mucoides was not detected in the CNS of control subjects. We were also able to visualize fungal structures in CNS tissue sections by immunohistochemistry using specific antifungal antibodies, which also revealed the accumulation of a number of microbial cells in microfoci. Again, microbial structures were not observed in CNS sections from controls. In addition to fungi, neural tissue from MS patients was also positive for bacteria. In conclusion, our present observations point to the novel concept that MS could be caused by polymicrobial infections. Thus, mycosis of the CNS may be accompanied by opportunistic bacterial infection, promoting neuroinflammation and directly causing focal lesions, followed by demyelination and axonal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Alonso
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), c/Nicolás Cabrera, 1. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Fernández-Fernández
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), c/Nicolás Cabrera, 1. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Diana Pisa
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), c/Nicolás Cabrera, 1. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Carrasco
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa" (CSIC-UAM), c/Nicolás Cabrera, 1. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Gambino G, Allegra M, Sardo P, Attanzio A, Tesoriere L, Livrea MA, Ferraro G, Carletti F. Brain Distribution and Modulation of Neuronal Excitability by Indicaxanthin From Opuntia Ficus Indica Administered at Nutritionally-Relevant Amounts. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:133. [PMID: 29867444 PMCID: PMC5954040 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies have recently investigated the role of nutraceuticals in complex pathophysiological processes such as oxidative damages, inflammatory conditions and excitotoxicity. In this regard, the effects of nutraceuticals on basic functions of neuronal cells, such as excitability, are still poorly investigated. For this reason, the possible modulation of neuronal excitability by phytochemicals (PhC) could represent an interesting field of research given that excitotoxicity phenomena are involved in neurodegenerative alterations leading, for example, to Alzheimer’s disease. The present study was focused on indicaxanthin from Opuntia ficus indica, a bioactive betalain pigment, with a proven antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential, previously found to cross blood-brain barrier (BBB) and to modulate the bioelectric activity of hippocampal neurons. On this basis, we aimed at detecting the specific brain areas where indicaxanthin localizes after oral administration at dietary-achievable amounts and highlighting eventual local effects on the excitability of single neuronal units. HPLC analysis of brain tissue 1 h after ingestion of 2 μmol/kg indicaxanthin indicated that the phytochemical accumulates in cortex, hippocampus, diencephalon, brainstem and cerebellum, but not in the striato-pallidal complex. Then, electrophysiological recordings, applying the microiontophoretic technique, were carried out with different amounts of indicaxanthin (0.34, 0.17, 0.085 ng/neuron) to assess whether indicaxanthin influenced the neuronal firing rate. The data showed that the bioelectric activity of neurons belonging to different brain areas was modulated after local injection of indicaxanthin, mainly with dose-related responses. A predominating inhibitory effect was observed, suggesting a possible novel beneficial effect of indicaxanthin in reducing cell excitability. These findings can constitute a new rationale for exploring biological mechanisms through which PhC could modulate neuronal function with a relapse on complex cognitive brain process and related neurodegenerative conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuditta Gambino
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Post-graduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Sardo
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Post-graduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria A Livrea
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Ferraro
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.,Post-graduate School of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fabio Carletti
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neuroscience (Bio.Ne.C.), Sezione di Fisiologia Umana G. Pagano, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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Matías-Guíu J, Oreja-Guevara C, Matias-Guiu J, Gomez-Pinedo U. Vitamin D and remyelination in multiple sclerosis. NEUROLOGÍA (ENGLISH EDITION) 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nrleng.2016.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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36
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Frandsen JR, Narayanasamy P. Neuroprotection through flavonoid: Enhancement of the glyoxalase pathway. Redox Biol 2018; 14:465-473. [PMID: 29080525 PMCID: PMC5680520 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The glyoxalase pathway functions to detoxify reactive dicarbonyl compounds, most importantly methylglyoxal. The glyoxalase pathway is an antioxidant defense mechanism that is essential for neuroprotection. Excessive concentrations of methylglyoxal have deleterious effects on cells, leading to increased levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. Neurodegenerative diseases - including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Aging and Autism Spectrum Disorder - are often induced or exacerbated by accumulation of methylglyoxal. Antioxidant compounds possess several distinct mechanisms that enhance the glyoxalase pathway and function as neuroprotectants. Flavonoids are well-researched secondary plant metabolites that appear to be effective in reducing levels of oxidative stress and inflammation in neural cells. Novel flavonoids could be designed, synthesized and tested to protect against neurodegenerative diseases through regulating the glyoxalase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel R Frandsen
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA
| | - Prabagaran Narayanasamy
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5900, USA.
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Stampanoni Bassi M, Garofalo S, Marfia GA, Gilio L, Simonelli I, Finardi A, Furlan R, Sancesario GM, Di Giandomenico J, Storto M, Mori F, Centonze D, Iezzi E. Amyloid-β Homeostasis Bridges Inflammation, Synaptic Plasticity Deficits and Cognitive Dysfunction in Multiple Sclerosis. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:390. [PMID: 29209169 PMCID: PMC5702294 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive deficits are frequently observed in multiple sclerosis (MS), mainly involving processing speed and episodic memory. Both demyelination and gray matter atrophy can contribute to cognitive deficits in MS. In recent years, neuroinflammation is emerging as a new factor influencing clinical course in MS. Inflammatory cytokines induce synaptic dysfunction in MS. Synaptic plasticity occurring within hippocampal structures is considered as one of the basic physiological mechanisms of learning and memory. In experimental models of MS, hippocampal plasticity is profoundly altered by proinflammatory cytokines. Although mechanisms of inflammation-induced hippocampal pathology in MS are not completely understood, alteration of Amyloid-β (Aβ) metabolism is emerging as a key factor linking together inflammation, synaptic plasticity and neurodegeneration in different neurological diseases. We explored the correlation between concentrations of Aβ1–42 and the levels of some proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL1-ra, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), interferon γ (IFNγ)) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 103 remitting MS patients. CSF levels of Aβ1–42 were negatively correlated with the proinflammatory cytokine IL-8 and positively correlated with the anti-inflammatory molecules IL-10 and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). Other correlations, although noticeable, were either borderline or not significant. Our data show that an imbalance between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines may lead to altered Aβ homeostasis, representing a key factor linking together inflammation, synaptic plasticity and cognitive dysfunction in MS. This could be relevant to identify novel therapeutic approaches to hinder the progression of cognitive dysfunction in MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Stampanoni Bassi
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Garofalo
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Girolama A Marfia
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luana Gilio
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ilaria Simonelli
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Service of Medical Statistics & Information Technology, Fondazione Fatebenefratelli per la Ricerca e la Formazione Sanitaria e Sociale, Rome, Italy
| | - Annamaria Finardi
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Furlan
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology (INSpe), Division of Neuroscience, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia M Sancesario
- Department of Clinical and Behavioural Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Jonny Di Giandomenico
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Marianna Storto
- Clinical Pathology Unit, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Francesco Mori
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Diego Centonze
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy.,Multiple Sclerosis Research Unit, Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Ennio Iezzi
- Unit of Neurology & Unit of Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Mediterraneo (INM) Neuromed, Pozzilli, Italy
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Kim MH, Min JS, Lee JY, Chae U, Yang EJ, Song KS, Lee HS, Lee HJ, Lee SR, Lee DS. Oleuropein isolated from Fraxinus rhynchophylla inhibits glutamate-induced neuronal cell death by attenuating mitochondrial dysfunction. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 21:520-528. [PMID: 28448247 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1317449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate-induced neurotoxicity is related to excessive oxidative stress accumulation and results in the increase of neuronal cell death. In addition, glutamate has been reported to lead to neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases.It is well known that Fraxinus rhynchophylla contains a significant level of oleuropein (Ole), which exerts various pharmacological effects. However, the mechanism of neuroprotective effects of Ole is still poorly defined. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Ole prevents glutamate-induced toxicity in HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells. The exposure of the glutamate treatment caused neuronal cell death through an alteration of Bax/Bcl-2 expression and translocation of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) to the cytoplasm of HT-22 cells. In addition, glutamate induced an increase in dephosphorylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. The pretreatment of Ole decreased Bax expression, increased Bcl-2 expression, and inhibited the translocation of mitochondrial AIF to the cytoplasm. Furthermore, Ole amended a glutamate-induced mitochondrial dynamic imbalance and reduced the number of cells with fragmented mitochondria, regulating the phosphorylation of Drp1 at amino acid residue serine 637. In conclusion, our results show that Ole has a preventive effect against glutamate-induced toxicity in HT-22 hippocampal neuronal cells. Therefore, these data imply that Ole may be an efficient approach for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hye Kim
- a School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,b College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Sik Min
- a School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,b College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,c Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Daejeon , Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Yeop Lee
- d College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University , Republic of Korea.,e Traditional Korean Medicine Technology Division, National Development Institute of Korean Medicine , Gyeongsangbuk-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Unbin Chae
- a School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,b College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Yang
- d College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University , Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sik Song
- d College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- a School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,b College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Jun Lee
- f Biomedical Research Institute, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine , Seoul , Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- g National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) , Chungcheongbuk-do , Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- a School of Life Science, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea.,b College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University , Daegu , Republic of Korea
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39
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Majkutewicz I, Kurowska E, Podlacha M, Myślińska D, Grembecka B, Ruciński J, Plucińska K, Jerzemowska G, Wrona D. Dimethyl fumarate attenuates intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-induced spatial memory impairment and hippocampal neurodegeneration in rats. Behav Brain Res 2016; 308:24-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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40
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Matías-Guíu J, Oreja-Guevara C, Matias-Guiu JA, Gomez-Pinedo U. Vitamin D and remyelination in multiple sclerosis. Neurologia 2016; 33:177-186. [PMID: 27321170 DOI: 10.1016/j.nrl.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several studies have found an association between multiple sclerosis and vitamin D (VD) deficiency, which suggests that VD may play a role in the immune response. However, few studies have addressed its role in remyelination. DEVELOPMENT The VD receptor and the enzymes transforming VD into metabolites which activate the VD receptor are expressed in central nervous system (CNS) cells, which suggests a potential effect of VD on the CNS. Both in vitro and animal model studies have shown that VD may play a role in myelination by acting on factors that influence the microenvironment which promotes both proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells into oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and oligodendrocytes. It remains unknown whether the mechanisms of internalisation of VD in the CNS are synergistic with or antagonistic to the mechanisms that facilitate the entry of VD metabolites into immune cells. CONCLUSIONS VD seems to play a role in the CNS and our hypothesis is that VD is involved in remyelination. Understanding the basic mechanisms of VD in myelination is necessary to manage multiple sclerosis patients with VD deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Matías-Guíu
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, IdiSSC, Madrid, España.
| | - C Oreja-Guevara
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, IdiSSC, Madrid, España
| | - J A Matias-Guiu
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, IdiSSC, Madrid, España
| | - U Gomez-Pinedo
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, IdiSSC, Madrid, España
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41
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Lan YL, Fang DY, Zhao J, Ma TH, Li S. A research update on the potential roles of aquaporin 4 in neuroinflammation. Acta Neurol Belg 2016; 116:127-34. [PMID: 26259614 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-015-0520-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The presence of aquaporins (AQPs) in the brain has led to intense research on the underlying roles of this family of proteins under both normal and pathological conditions. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4) is the major water-channel membrane protein expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), primarily in astrocytes. Emerging evidence suggests that AQP4 could play an important role in water and ion homeostasis in the brain, and it has been studied in various brain pathological conditions. However, far less is known about the potential for AQP4 to influence neuroinflammation and, furthermore, its potential role in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). It has been suggested that the pathogenesis of many clinical diseases, such as neuromyelitis optica (NMO), multiple sclerosis (MS) and brain injuries, is related to the regulation of AQP4 expression. Investigating the effects of AQP4 on microglia and astrocytes could be important to understand its role in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation. Although the exact roles of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in protection against the detrimental effects of neuroinflammation remain unclear, research into the possible neuroprotective effects of AQP4 against neuroinflammation regulation seems to be important for future investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Long Lan
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Deng-Yang Fang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Liaoning Engineering Technology Centre of Target-based Nature Products for Prevention and Treatment of Ageing-related Neurodegeneration, Dalian, 116044, China
| | - Tong-Hui Ma
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
- College of Basic Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
| | - Shao Li
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China.
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42
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Role of dimethyl fumarate in oxidative stress of multiple sclerosis: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2016; 1019:15-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 12/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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43
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Matías-Guiu JA, Oreja-Guevara C, Cabrera-Martín MN, Moreno-Ramos T, Carreras JL, Matías-Guiu J. Amyloid Proteins and Their Role in Multiple Sclerosis. Considerations in the Use of Amyloid-PET Imaging. Front Neurol 2016; 7:53. [PMID: 27065425 PMCID: PMC4814935 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2016.00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thioflavin T derivatives are used in positron-emission tomography (PET) studies to detect amyloid protein deposits in patients with Alzheimer disease. These tracers bind extensively to white matter, which suggests that they may be useful in studies of multiple sclerosis (MS), and that proteins resulting from proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) may contribute to MS. This article reviews data from both clinical and preclinical studies addressing the role of these proteins, whether they are detected in CSF studies or using PET imaging. APP is widely expressed in demyelinated axons and may have a protective effect in MS and in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in animals. Several mechanisms associated with this increased expression may affect the degree of remyelination in MS. Amyloid-PET imaging may help determine the degree of demyelination and provide information on the molecular changes linked to APP proteolytic processing experienced by patients with MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi A Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Celia Oreja-Guevara
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - María Nieves Cabrera-Martín
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Teresa Moreno-Ramos
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - José Luis Carreras
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
| | - Jorge Matías-Guiu
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, San Carlos Institute for Health Research (IdISSC), Complutense University of Madrid , Madrid , Spain
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Marinelli C, Bertalot T, Zusso M, Skaper SD, Giusti P. Systematic Review of Pharmacological Properties of the Oligodendrocyte Lineage. Front Cell Neurosci 2016; 10:27. [PMID: 26903812 PMCID: PMC4751280 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2016.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oligodendrogenesis and oligodendrocyte precursor maturation are essential processes during the course of central nervous system development, and lead to the myelination of axons. Cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage are generated in the germinal zone from migratory bipolar oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), and acquire cell surface markers as they mature and respond specifically to factors which regulate proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. Loss of myelin underlies a wide range of neurological disorders, some of an autoimmune nature—multiple sclerosis probably being the most prominent. Current therapies are based on the use of immunomodulatory agents which are likely to promote myelin repair (remyelination) indirectly by subverting the inflammatory response, aspects of which impair the differentiation of OPCs. Cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage express and are capable of responding to a diverse array of ligand-receptor pairs, including neurotransmitters and nuclear receptors such as γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, adenosine triphosphate, serotonin, acetylcholine, nitric oxide, opioids, prostaglandins, prolactin, and cannabinoids. The intent of this review is to provide the reader with a synopsis of our present state of knowledge concerning the pharmacological properties of the oligodendrocyte lineage, with particular attention to these receptor-ligand (i.e., neurotransmitters and nuclear receptor) interactions that can influence oligodendrocyte migration, proliferation, differentiation, and myelination, and an appraisal of their therapeutic potential. For example, many promising mediators work through Ca2+ signaling, and the balance between Ca2+ influx and efflux can determine the temporal and spatial properties of oligodendrocytes (OLs). Moreover, Ca2+ signaling in OPCs can influence not only differentiation and myelination, but also process extension and migration, as well as cell death in mature mouse OLs. There is also evidence that oligodendroglia exhibit Ca2+ transients in response to electrical activity of axons for activity-dependent myelination. Cholinergic antagonists, as well as endocannabinoid-related lipid-signaling molecules target OLs. An understanding of such pharmacological pathways may thus lay the foundation to allow its leverage for therapeutic benefit in diseases of demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marinelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Thomas Bertalot
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Morena Zusso
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Stephen D Skaper
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua Padua, Italy
| | - Pietro Giusti
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua Padua, Italy
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45
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Catorce MN, Gevorkian G. LPS-induced Murine Neuroinflammation Model: Main Features and Suitability for Pre-clinical Assessment of Nutraceuticals. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:155-64. [PMID: 26639457 PMCID: PMC4825946 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x14666151204122017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important feature in the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer´s disease (AD), Parkinson´s disease (PD), frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Based on current knowledge in the field, suggesting that targeting peripheral inflammation could be a promising additional treatment/prevention approach for neurodegenerative diseases, drugs and natural products with anti-inflammatory properties have been evaluated in animal models of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. In this review, we provide an extensive analysis of one of the most important and widely-used animal models of peripherally induced neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration - lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice, and address the data reproducibility in published research. We also summarize briefly basic features of various natural products, nutraceuticals, with known anti-inflammatory effects and present an overview of data on their therapeutic potential for reducing neuroinflammation in LPS-treated mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Goar Gevorkian
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Apartado Postal 70228, Cuidad Universitaria, Mexico DF, CP 04510, Mexico.
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46
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Role of amyloid-β CSF levels in cognitive deficit in MS. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 449:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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47
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Farias AS, Santos LMB. How can proteomics elucidate the complexity of multiple sclerosis? Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:844-7. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro S. Farias
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group and Neuroimmunology Unit; Department of Genetics; Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas; Campinas São Paulo Brazil
| | - Leonilda M. B. Santos
- Neuroimmunomodulation Group and Neuroimmunology Unit; Department of Genetics; Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas; Campinas São Paulo Brazil
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48
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Vesterinen HM, Connick P, Irvine CMJ, Sena ES, Egan KJ, Carmichael GG, Tariq A, Pavitt S, Chataway J, Macleod MR, Chandran S. Drug repurposing: a systematic approach to evaluate candidate oral neuroprotective interventions for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117705. [PMID: 25856304 PMCID: PMC4391783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and implement an evidence based framework to select, from drugs already licenced, candidate oral neuroprotective drugs to be tested in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. DESIGN Systematic review of clinical studies of oral putative neuroprotective therapies in MS and four other neurodegenerative diseases with shared pathological features, followed by systematic review and meta-analyses of the in vivo experimental data for those interventions. We presented summary data to an international multi-disciplinary committee, which assessed each drug in turn using pre-specified criteria including consideration of mechanism of action. RESULTS We identified a short list of fifty-two candidate interventions. After review of all clinical and pre-clinical evidence we identified ibudilast, riluzole, amiloride, pirfenidone, fluoxetine, oxcarbazepine, and the polyunsaturated fatty-acid class (Linoleic Acid, Lipoic acid; Omega-3 fatty acid, Max EPA oil) as lead candidates for clinical evaluation. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a standardised and systematic approach to candidate identification for drug rescue and repurposing trials that can be applied widely to neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M. Vesterinen
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Connick
- The Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Cadi M. J. Irvine
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Emily S. Sena
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kieren J. Egan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gary G. Carmichael
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Afiyah Tariq
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Pavitt
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jeremy Chataway
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, United Kingdom
| | - Malcolm R. Macleod
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MRM); (SC)
| | - Siddharthan Chandran
- The Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (MRM); (SC)
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Dwyer MG, Zivadinov R, Markovic-Plese S, Bergsland N, Heininen-Brown M, Carl E, Kennedy C, Weinstock-Guttman B, Hayward B, Dangond F. Associations between changes in ferritin levels and susceptibility-weighted imaging filtered phase in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis over 24weeks of therapy with subcutaneous interferon beta-1a three times weekly. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 281:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Chen X, Guo C, Kong J. Oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Neural Regen Res 2015; 7:376-85. [PMID: 25774178 PMCID: PMC4350122 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5374.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species are constantly produced in aerobic organisms as by-products of normal oxygen metabolism and include free radicals such as superoxide anion (O2−) and hydroxyl radical (OH−), and non-radical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The mitochondrial respiratory chain and enzymatic reactions by various enzymes are endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species. Exogenous reactive oxygen species -inducing stressors include ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, and divergent oxidizing chemicals. At low concentrations, reactive oxygen species serve as an important second messenger in cell signaling; however, at higher concentrations and long-term exposure, reactive oxygen species can damage cellular macromolecules such as DNA, proteins, and lipids, which leads to necrotic and apoptotic cell death. Oxidative stress is a condition of imbalance between reactive oxygen species formation and cellular antioxidant capacity due to enhanced ROS generation and/or dysfunction of the antioxidant system. Biochemical alterations in these macromolecular components can lead to various pathological conditions and human diseases, especially neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases are morphologically featured by progressive cell loss in specific vulnerable neuronal cells, often associated with cytoskeletal protein aggregates forming inclusions in neurons and/or glial cells. Deposition of abnormal aggregated proteins and disruption of metal ions homeostasis are highly associated with oxidative stress. The main aim of this review is to present as much detailed information as possible that is available on various neurodegenerative disorders and their connection with oxidative stress. A variety of therapeutic strategies designed to address these pathological processes are also described. For the future therapeutic direction, one specific pathway that involves the transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 is receiving considerable attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueping Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chunyan Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiming Kong
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada
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