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He S, Gao J, Li B, Luo Z, Liu P, Xu X, Wu M, Yang J, He X, Wang Z. NtWIN1 regulates the biosynthesis of scopoletin and chlorogenic acid by targeting NtF6'H1 and NtCCoAMT genes in Nicotiana tabacum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108937. [PMID: 39018774 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
Scopoletin and chlorogenic acid (CGA) are important polyphenols that regulate plant growth, development, and stress resistance. The ERF transcription factor WAX INDUCER1 (WIN1) promotes the biosynthesis of cutin, suberine, and wax. However, its full roles in regulating the accumulation of plant secondary metabolites still remain to be further clarified. In this study, NtWIN1 gene encoding a SHINE-type AP2/ERF transcription factor of the Va subgroup was identified from N. tabacum. NtWIN1 showed high expression levels in tobacco stems, sepals, and pistils. Overexpression (OE) and knock-out of NtWIN1 showed that it promoted the accumulation of total polyphenols and altered their composition. Compare to that of WT plants, the CGA contents significantly increased by 25%-50% in the leaves, flowers, and capsules of OE lines, while the scopoletin contents in the OE plants significantly decreased by 30%-67%. In contrast, the CGA contents in ntwin1 lines reduced by 23%-26%, and the scopoletin contents in ntwin1 increased by 38%-75% compare to that of WT plants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation and Dual-Luc transcription activation assays showed that NtWIN1 could bind to the promoters of NtF6'H1 and NtCCoAMT, thereby modulating their expression. The scopoletin content in ntwin1/ntf6'h1 double mutant was significantly lower than that in ntwin1 and WT plants, but showed no significant differences with that in ntf6'h1 mutant, further indicating that the inhibition of NtWIN1 on scopoletin accumulation depends on the activity of NtF6'H1. Our study illustrates the new roles of NtWIN1, and provides a possible target for regulating the synthesis of polyphenols in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun He
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Bingyu Li
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Zhaopeng Luo
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Pingping Liu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xin Xu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Mingzhu Wu
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Yang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinxi He
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co., Ltd., Changsha, 410007, China.
| | - Zhong Wang
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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Zaïm M, Sanchez-Garcia M, Belkadi B, Filali-Maltouf A, Al Abdallat A, Kehel Z, Bassi FM. Genomic regions of durum wheat involved in water productivity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:316-333. [PMID: 37702385 PMCID: PMC10735558 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is a staple food in the Mediterranean Basin, mostly cultivated under rainfed conditions. As such, the crop is often exposed to moisture stress. Therefore, the identification of genetic factors controlling the capacity of genotypes to convert moisture into grain yield (i.e., water productivity) is quintessential to stabilize production despite climatic variations. A global panel of 384 accessions was tested across 18 Mediterranean environments (in Morocco, Lebanon, and Jordan) representing a vast range of moisture levels. The accessions were assigned to water responsiveness classes, with genotypes 'Responsive to Low Moisture' reaching an average +1.5 kg ha-1 mm-1 yield advantage. Genome wide association studies revealed that six loci explained most of this variation. A second validation panel tested under moisture stress confirmed that carrying the positive allele at three loci on chromosomes 1B, 2A, and 7B generated an average water productivity gain of +2.2 kg ha-1 mm-1. These three loci were tagged by kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers, and these were used to screen a third independent validation panel composed of elites tested across moisture stressed sites. The three KASP combined predicted up to 10% of the variation for grain yield at 60% accuracy. These loci are now ready for molecular pyramiding and transfer across cultivars to improve the moisture conversion of durum wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meryem Zaïm
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Morocco
- ICARDA, Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat Institutes, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miguel Sanchez-Garcia
- ICARDA, Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat Institutes, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bouchra Belkadi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Morocco
| | - Ayed Al Abdallat
- Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Zakaria Kehel
- ICARDA, Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat Institutes, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Filippo M Bassi
- ICARDA, Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management, P.O. Box 6299, Rabat Institutes, Rabat, Morocco
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Cai W, Feng Q, Wang L, Su S, Hou Z, Liu D, Kang X, Xu J, Pan Z, Tao J. Localization in vivo and in vitro confirms EnApiAP2 protein encoded by ENH_00027130 as a nuclear protein in Eimeria necatrix. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1305727. [PMID: 38116134 PMCID: PMC10728482 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1305727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Apicomplexan AP2 family of proteins (ApiAP2) are transcription factors (TFs) that regulate parasite growth and development, but little is known about the ApiAP2 TFs in Eimeria spp. ENH_00027130 sequence is predicted to encode a Eimeria necatrix ApiAP2 protein (EnApiAP2). Methods The cDNAs encoding full-length and truncated EnApiAP2 protein were cloned and sequenced, respectively. Then, the two cDNAs were cloned into the pET28a(+) expression vector and expressed expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The mouse polyclonal antibody (pAb) and monoclonal antibody (mAb) against recombinant EnApiAP2 (rEnApiAP2) and EnApiAP2tr (rEnApiAP2tr) were prepared and used to localize the native EnApiAP2 protein in E. necatrix, respectively. Finally, the recombinant pEGFP-C1-ΔNLS-EnApiAP2s (knockout of a nuclear localization sequence, NLS) and pEGFP-C1-EnApiAP2 plasmid were constructed and transfected into DF-1 cells, respectively, to further observe subcellular localization of EnApiAP2 protein. Results The EnApiAP2 gene had a size of 5019 bp and encoded 1672 amino acids, containing a conserved AP2 domain with a secondary structure consisting of an α-helix and three antiparallel β-strands. The rEnApiAP2 and rEnApiAP2tr were predominantly expressed in the form of inclusion bodies, and could be recognized by the 6×His tag mAb and the serum of convalescent chickens after infection with E. necatrix, respectively. The native EnApiAP2 protein was detected in sporozoites (SZ) and second generation merozoites (MZ-2) extracts, with a size of approximately 210 kDa. A quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed that the transcription level of EnApiAP2 was significantly higher in SZ than in MZ-2, third generation merozoites (MZ-3) and gametocytes (P<0.01). EnApiAP2 protein was localized in the nuclei of SZ, MZ-2 and MZ-3 of E. necatrix. The protein of EnApiAP2 was localized in the nucleus of the DF-1 cells, whereas the ΔNLS-EnApiAP2 was expressed in the cytoplasm, which further confirmed that EnApiAP2 is nucleoprotein. Discussion EnApiAP2 protein encoded by ENH_00027130 sequence was localized in the nucleus of E. necatrix parasites, and relied on the NLS for migration to DF-1 cell nucleus. The function of EnApiAP2 need further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Cai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Feng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Liyue Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Su
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhaofeng Hou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xilong Kang
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jinjun Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Pan
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Principal's Office, Suqian University, Suqian, China
| | - Jianping Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Wang S, Wen B, Yang Y, Long S, Liu J, Li M. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the RADIALIS-like Gene Family in Camellia sinensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3039. [PMID: 37687288 PMCID: PMC10490161 DOI: 10.3390/plants12173039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The RADIALIS-like (RL) proteins are v-myb avian myeloblastosis viral oncogene homolog (MYB)-related transcription factors (TFs), and are involved in many biological processes, including metabolism, development, and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the studies on the RL genes of Camellia sinensis are not comprehensive enough. Therefore, we undertook this study and identified eight CsaRLs based on the typical conserved domain SANT Associated domain (SANT) of RL. These genes have low molecular weights and theoretical pI values ranging from 5.67 to 9.76. Gene structure analysis revealed that six CsaRL genes comprise two exons and one intron, while the other two contain a single exon encompassing motifs 1 and 2, and part of motif 3. The phylogenetic analysis divided one hundred and fifty-eight RL proteins into five primary classes, in which CsaRLs clustered in Group V and were homologous with CssRLs of the Shuchazao variety. In addition, we selected different tissue parts to analyze the expression profile of CsaRLs, and the results show that almost all genes displayed variable expression levels across tissues, with CsaRL1a relatively abundant in all tissues. qRT-PCR (real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR) was used to detect the relative expression levels of the CsaRL genes under various abiotic stimuli, and it was found that CsaRL1a expression levels were substantially higher than other genes, with abscisic acid (ABA) causing the highest expression. The self-activation assay with yeast two-hybrid system showed that CsaRL1a has no transcriptional activity. According to protein functional interaction networks, CsaRL1a was well connected with WIN1-like, lysine histidine transporter-1-like, β-amylase 3 chloroplastic-like, carbonic anhydrase-2-like (CA2), and carbonic anhydrase dnaJC76 (DJC76). This study adds to our understanding of the RL family and lays the groundwork for further research into the function and regulatory mechanisms of the CsaRLs gene family in Camellia sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jianjun Liu
- College of Tea Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.L.)
| | - Meifeng Li
- College of Tea Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (S.W.); (B.W.); (Y.Y.); (S.L.)
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Wang C, Chen T, Li Y, Liu H, Qin W, Wu Z, Peng B, Wang X, Yan X, Fu X, Li L, Tang K. AaWIN1, an AP2/ERF protein, positively regulates glandular secretory trichome initiation in Artemisia annua. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 329:111602. [PMID: 36690278 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the genetic network of glandular trichomes and manipulating genes relevant to secondary metabolite biosynthesis are of great importance and value. Artemisinin, a key antimalarial drug ingredient, is synthesized and stored in glandular secretory trichomes (GSTs) in Artemisia annua. WIN/SHN proteins, a clade of AP2/ERF family, are known as regulators for cuticle biosynthesis. However, their function in glandular trichome development is less unknown. In this study, we identified a WIN/SHN gene from A. annua and named it as AaWIN1. AaWIN1 was predominantly expressed in buds, flowers and trichomes, and encoded a nuclear-localized protein. Overexpressing AaWIN1 in A. annua significantly increased the density of GST as well as the artemisinin content. Furthermore, AaGSW2 was reported to play an important role in promoting GST initiation, and the expression of AaGSW2 was induced in AaWIN1-overexpression lines. AaMIXTA1, a MYB protein positively regulating trichome initiation and cuticle biosynthesis, was confirmed to interact with AaWIN1. In addition, the ectopic expression of AaWIN1 resulted in slender and curled leaves, fewer trichomes, and rising expressions of cuticle biosynthesis genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Taken together, based on phenotype observations, content measurements and gene expression detections, AaWIN1 was considered as a positive regulator for GST initiation in A. annua.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiantian Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongpeng Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hang Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhangkuanyu Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bowen Peng
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiuyun Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqing Fu
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kexuan Tang
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
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Li L, Han C, Yang J, Tian Z, Jiang R, Yang F, Jiao K, Qi M, Liu L, Zhang B, Niu J, Jiang Y, Li Y, Yin J. Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of Responses during Cold Stress in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040844. [PMID: 37107602 PMCID: PMC10137996 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat production is often impacted by pre-winter freezing damage and cold spells in later spring. To study the influences of cold stress on wheat seedlings, unstressed Jing 841 was sampled once at the seedling stage, followed by 4 °C stress treatment for 30 days and once every 10 days. A total of 12,926 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified from the transcriptome. K-means cluster analysis found a group of genes related to the glutamate metabolism pathway, and many genes belonging to the bHLH, MYB, NAC, WRKY, and ERF transcription factor families were highly expressed. Starch and sucrose metabolism, glutathione metabolism, and plant hormone signal transduction pathways were found. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) identified several key genes involved in the development of seedlings under cold stress. The cluster tree diagram showed seven different modules marked with different colors. The blue module had the highest correlation coefficient for the samples treated with cold stress for 30 days, and most genes in this module were rich in glutathione metabolism (ko00480). A total of eight DEGs were validated using quantitative real-time PCR. Overall, this study provides new insights into the physiological metabolic pathways and gene changes in a cold stress transcriptome, and it has a potential significance for improving freezing tolerance in wheat.
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Khoudi H. SHINE clade of ERF transcription factors: A significant player in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 195:77-88. [PMID: 36603451 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
SHINE (SHN) clade transcription factors (TFs) represents a subfamily of APETALA2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) proteins. The latter, is characterized by its responsiveness to the phytohormone ethylene and the presence of AP2 DNA-binding domain. They are involved in many biological processes and in responses to different environmental constraints. SHN TFs were among the first identified regulators of cuticle formation. Cuticle plays crucial role in plant tolerance to drought, salinity and high temperature as well as in defense against pathogens. In addition, SHN were shown to be involved in the regulation of stomatal development which influences resistance to drought and diseases. Interestingly, recent studies have also shown that SHN TFs are involved in mediating the beneficial effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) as well as disease resistance conferred by nanoparticles. To fulfill their roles, SHN TFs are controlled upstream by other TFs and they control, in their turn, different downstream genes. In this review, we highlight the role of SHN TFs in different abiotic and biotic stresses through their involvement in cuticle biosynthesis, stomatal development and molecular regulation of biochemical and physiological traits. In addition, we discuss the regulation of SHN TFs by plant hormones and their influence on hormone biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Knowledge of this complex regulation can be put into contribution to increase multiple abiotic stress tolerances through transgenesis, gene editing and classical breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), University of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour Km 6, B.P'1177', 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Kim RJ, Lee SB, Pandey G, Suh MC. Functional conservation of an AP2/ERF transcription factor in cuticle formation suggests an important role in the terrestrialization of early land plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7450-7466. [PMID: 36112045 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The formation of a hydrophobic cuticle layer on aerial plant parts was a critical innovation for protection from the terrestrial environment during the evolution of land plants. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying cuticle biogenesis in early terrestrial plants. Here, we report an APETALA2/Ethylene Response Factor (AP2/ERF) transcriptional activator, PpWIN1, involved in cutin and cuticular wax biosynthesis in Physcomitrium patens and Arabidopsis. The transcript levels of PpWIN1 were 2.5-fold higher in gametophores than in the protonema, and increased by approximately 3- to 4.7-fold in the protonema and gametophores under salt and osmotic stresses. PpWIN1 harbouring transcriptional activation activity is localized in the nucleus of tobacco leaf epidermal cells. Δppwin1 knockout mutants displayed a permeable cuticle, increased water loss, and cutin- and wax-deficient phenotypes. In contrast, increased total cutin and wax loads, and decreased water loss rates were observed in PpWIN1-overexpressing Arabidopsis plants. The transcript levels of genes involved in cutin or wax biosynthesis were significantly up-regulated in PpWIN1-overexpressing Arabidopsis lines, indicating that PpWIN1 acts as a transcriptional activator in cuticle biosynthesis. This study suggests that Arabidopsis WIN1/SHN1 orthologs may be functionally conserved from early to vascular land plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryeo Jin Kim
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Seat Buyl Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, JeonJu 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Garima Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Chung Suh
- Department of Life Sciences, Sogang University, Seoul 04107, Republic of Korea
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Huo Z, Xu Y, Yuan S, Chang J, Li S, Wang J, Zhao H, Xu R, Zhong F. The AP2 Transcription Factor BrSHINE3 Regulates Wax Accumulation in Nonheading Chinese Cabbage. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113454. [PMID: 36362247 PMCID: PMC9656708 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Wax is an acellular structural substance attached to the surface of plant tissues. It forms a protective barrier on the epidermis of plants and plays an important role in resisting abiotic and biotic stresses. In this paper, nonheading Chinese cabbage varieties with and without wax powder were observed using scanning electron microscopy, and the surface of waxy plants was covered with a layer of densely arranged waxy crystals, thus differentiating them from the surface of waxless plants. A genetic analysis showed that wax powder formation in nonheading Chinese cabbage was controlled by a pair of dominant genes. A preliminary bulked segregant analysis sequencing (BSA-seq) assay showed that one gene was located at the end of chromosome A09. Within this interval, we identified BraA09000626, encoding an AP2 transcription factor homologous to Arabidopsis AtSHINE3, and we named it BrSHINE3. By comparing the CDS of the gene in the two parental plants, a 35 bp deletion in the BrSHINE3 gene of waxless plants resulted in a frameshift mutation. Tissue analysis showed that BrSHINE3 was expressed at significantly higher levels in waxy plant rosette stage petioles and bolting stage stems than in the tissues of waxless plants. We speculate that this deletion in BrSHINE3 bases in the waxless material may inhibit wax synthesis. The overexpression of BrSHINE3 in Arabidopsis induced the accumulation of wax on the stem surface, indicating that BrSHINE3 is a key gene that regulates the formation of wax powder in nonheading Chinese cabbage. The analysis of the subcellular localization showed that BrSHINE3 is mainly located in the nucleus and chloroplast of tobacco leaves, suggesting that the gene may function as a transcription factor. Subsequent transcriptome analysis of the homology of BrSHINE3 downstream genes in nonheading Chinese cabbage showed that these genes were downregulated in waxless materials. These findings provide a basis for a better understanding of the nonheading Chinese cabbage epidermal wax synthesis pathway and provide important information for the molecular-assisted breeding of nonheading Chinese cabbage.
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Devate NB, Krishna H, Parmeshwarappa SKV, Manjunath KK, Chauhan D, Singh S, Singh JB, Kumar M, Patil R, Khan H, Jain N, Singh GP, Singh PK. Genome-wide association mapping for component traits of drought and heat tolerance in wheat. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:943033. [PMID: 36061792 PMCID: PMC9429996 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.943033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Identification of marker trait association is a prerequisite for marker-assisted breeding. To find markers linked with traits under heat and drought stress in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS). GWAS mapping panel used in this study consists of advanced breeding lines from the IARI stress breeding programme produced by pairwise and complex crosses. Phenotyping was done at multi locations namely New Delhi, Karnal, Indore, Jharkhand and Pune with augmented-RCBD design under different moisture and heat stress regimes, namely timely sown irrigated (IR), timely sown restricted irrigated (RI) and late sown (LS) conditions. Yield and its component traits, viz., Days to Heading (DH), Days to Maturity (DM), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Chlorophyll Content (SPAD), Canopy temperature (CT), Plant Height (PH), Thousand grain weight (TGW), Grain weight per spike (GWPS), Plot Yield (PLTY) and Biomass (BMS) were phenotyped. Analysis of variance and descriptive statistics revealed significant differences among the studied traits. Genotyping was done using the 35k SNP Wheat Breeder's Genotyping Array. Population structure and diversity analysis using filtered 10,546 markers revealed two subpopulations with sufficient diversity. A large whole genome LD block size of 7.15 MB was obtained at half LD decay value. Genome-wide association search identified 57 unique markers associated with various traits across the locations. Twenty-three markers were identified to be stable, among them nine pleiotropic markers were also identified. In silico search of the identified markers against the IWGSC ref genome revealed the presence of a majority of the SNPs at or near the gene coding region. These SNPs can be used for marker-assisted transfer of genes/QTLs after validation to develop climate-resilient cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayana Bhat Devate
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Hari Krishna
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Divya Chauhan
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Shweta Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Jang Bahadur Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Monu Kumar
- Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Gauria Karma, India
| | - Ravindra Patil
- Genetics and Plant Breeding Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - Hanif Khan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | - Neelu Jain
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Pradeep Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
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11
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Tang H, Hassan MU, Feng L, Nawaz M, Shah AN, Qari SH, Liu Y, Miao J. The Critical Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi to Improve Drought Tolerance and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:919166. [PMID: 35873982 PMCID: PMC9298553 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.919166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress (DS) is a serious abiotic stress and a major concern across the globe as its intensity is continuously climbing. Therefore, it is direly needed to develop new management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of DS to ensure better crop productivity and food security. The use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has emerged as an important approach in recent years to improve crop productivity under DS conditions. AMF establishes a relationship with 80% of land plants and it induces pronounced impacts on plant growth and provides protection to plants from abiotic stress. Drought stress significantly reduces plant growth and development by inducing oxidative stress, disturbing membrane integrity, plant water relations, nutrient uptake, photosynthetic activity, photosynthetic apparatus, and anti-oxidant activities. However, AMF can significantly improve the plant tolerance against DS. AMF maintains membrane integrity, improves plant water contents, nutrient and water uptake, and water use efficiency (WUE) therefore, improve the plant growth under DS. Moreover, AMF also protects the photosynthetic apparatus from drought-induced oxidative stress and improves photosynthetic efficiency, osmolytes, phenols and hormone accumulation, and reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing anti-oxidant activities and gene expression which provide the tolerance to plants against DS. Therefore, it is imperative to understand the role of AMF in plants grown under DS. This review presented the different functions of AMF in different responses of plants under DS. We have provided a detailed picture of the different mechanisms mediated by AMF to induce drought tolerance in plants. Moreover, we also identified the potential research gaps that must be fulfilled for a promising future for AMF. Lastly, nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient needed for plant growth and development, however, the efficiency of applied N fertilizers is quite low. Therefore, we also present the information on how AMF improves N uptake and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Tang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, China
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ying Liu
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi, China
| | - Jianqun Miao
- School of Computer Information and Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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12
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Fiorilli V, Maghrebi M, Novero M, Votta C, Mazzarella T, Buffoni B, Astolfi S, Vigani G. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis Differentially Affects the Nutritional Status of Two Durum Wheat Genotypes under Drought Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11060804. [PMID: 35336686 PMCID: PMC8954065 DOI: 10.3390/plants11060804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat is one of the most important agricultural crops, currently providing 18% of the daily intake of calories and 20% of daily protein intake for humans. However, being wheat that is cultivated in arid and semiarid areas, its productivity is threatened by drought stress, which is being exacerbated by climate change. Therefore, the identification of drought tolerant wheat genotypes is critical for increasing grain yield and also improving the capability of crops to uptake and assimilate nutrients, which are seriously affected by drought. This work aimed to determine the effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on plant growth under normal and limited water availability in two durum wheat genotypes (Svevo and Etrusco). Furthermore, we investigated how the plant nutritional status responds to drought stress. We found that the response of Svevo and Etrusco to drought stress was differentially affected by AMF. Interestingly, we revealed that AMF positively affected sulfur homeostasis under drought conditions, mainly in the Svevo cultivar. The results provide a valuable indication that the identification of drought tolerant plants cannot ignore their nutrient use efficiency or the impact of other biotic soil components (i.e., AMF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Fiorilli
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Moez Maghrebi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Mara Novero
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Cristina Votta
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Teresa Mazzarella
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Beatrice Buffoni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Stefania Astolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy;
| | - Gianpiero Vigani
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, Università degli Studi di Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (V.F.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (C.V.); (T.M.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0116706360
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13
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Djemal R, Khoudi H. The ethylene-responsive transcription factor of durum wheat, TdSHN1, confers cadmium, copper, and zinc tolerance to yeast and transgenic tobacco plants. PROTOPLASMA 2022; 259:19-31. [PMID: 33759027 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-021-01635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) are among the most common heavy metals (HMs) present in polluted soils. While some HMs are required for key biological processes, they are toxic when present in excess. This toxicity damages plant health, decreases crop yields, and can impact human health via the food chain. For example, durum wheat is a staple food that is known to accumulate Cd when grown on polluted soils. Plant response to HM stress is complex and involves several transcription factors (TFs) among which members of the ERF family. Although roles of SHINE-type ERF transcription factors in abiotic stress tolerance have been thoroughly investigated, there is little information concerning their role in HM stress tolerance. In the present study, we investigated the role of durum wheat TdSHN1 TF in HM response and tolerance. Results showed that TdSHN1 expression was strongly induced by Cd, Cu, and Zn in durum wheat seedlings. In addition, TdSHN1 gene promoter directed HM-inducible GUS gene expression in transgenic tobacco. Overexpression of TdSHN1 encoding cDNA in transgenic yeast and tobacco conferred Cd, Cu, and Zn tolerances. Interestingly, transgenic tobacco lines exhibited longer roots and greater biomass accumulation, retained more chlorophyll, and produced less ROS than WT plants, when subjected to excess HMs. In addition, transgenic tobacco lines had higher activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes (SOD and CAT) which might have contributed to their HM tolerance. This study suggested that TdSHN1 is a potential candidate for improving HM tolerance in plants and phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Djemal
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6, 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6, 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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14
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Djemal R, Khoudi H. The barley SHN1-type transcription factor HvSHN1 imparts heat, drought and salt tolerances in transgenic tobacco. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 164:44-53. [PMID: 33962230 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The APETAL2/Ethylene Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) family was the subject of intensive research which led to the identification of several members involved in different stress responses such as salinity, drought and high temperature. The SHN/WIN clade of AP2/ERF participates in many important processes such as cutin and wax biosynthesis, ethylene signaling and gene expression. Here, we report the functional analysis of SHN1-type transcription factor, HvSHN1, from barely. The overexpression of HvSHN1 under the control of the duplicated 35S promoter in transgenic tobacco plants improved tolerance to salt, water stress and heat stress. Transgenic lines exhibited altered permeability of the cuticle and decreased stomatal density. Under heat stress, HvSHN1 transgenic lines exhibited higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity and lower MDA and H2O2 contents than did WT. The overexpression of HvSHN1 upregulated different genes involved in osmotic stress, oxidative stress, sugar metabolism, and wax biosynthesis. To understand the involvement of HvSHN1 in heat stress tolerance, promoter regions of two tobacco genes homologous to Arabidopsis genes HSP90.1 and RAP2.6 were analyzed and DRE cis-elements; binding sites of HvSHN1, were found. Interaction network of HvSHN1, predicted using STRING software, contained proteins with predicted functions related to lipids metabolism and a gene encoding Cyclin-Dependent Kinase. These results suggest that HvSHN1 is an interesting candidate for the improvement of abiotic stress tolerance especially in the context of climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Djemal
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia.
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15
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Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical, and Genetic Responses to Salinity in Medicago truncatula. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040808. [PMID: 33924007 PMCID: PMC8072551 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We used an integrated morpho-physiological, biochemical, and genetic approach to investigate the salt responses of four lines (TN1.11, TN6.18, JA17, and A10) of Medicago truncatula. Results showed that TN1.11 exhibited a high tolerance to salinity, compared with the other lines, recording a salinity induced an increase in soluble sugars and soluble proteins, a slight decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation, and less reduction in plant biomass. TN6.18 was the most susceptible to salinity as it showed less plant weight, had elevated levels of MDA, and lower levels of soluble sugars and soluble proteins under salt stress. As transcription factors of the APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) family play important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses, we performed a functional characterization of MtERF1 gene. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that MtERF1 is mainly expressed in roots and is inducible by NaCl and low temperature. Additionally, under salt stress, a greater increase in the expression of MtERF1 was found in TN1.11 plants than that in TN6.18. Therefore, the MtERF1 pattern of expression may provide a useful marker for discriminating among lines of M. truncatula and can be used as a tool in breeding programs aiming at obtaining Medicago lines with improved salt tolerance.
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16
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Huang J, Wang S, Wang X, Fan Y, Han Y. Structure and expression analysis of seven salt-related ERF genes of Populus. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10206. [PMID: 33150090 PMCID: PMC7583627 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethylene response factors (ERFs) are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) that play important roles in plant growth and stress defense and have received a great amount of attention in recent years. In this study, seven ERF genes related to abiotic stress tolerance and response were identified in plants of the Populus genus. Systematic bioinformatics, including sequence phylogeny, genome organisation, gene structure, gene ontology (GO) annotation, etc. were detected. Expression-pattern of these seven ERF genes were analyzed using RT-qPCR and cross validated using RNA-Seq. Data from a phylogenetic tree and multiple alignment of protein sequences indicated that these seven ERF TFs belong to three subfamilies and contain AP2, YRG, and RAYD conserved domains, which may interact with downstream target genes to regulate the plant stress response. An analysis of the structure and promoter region of these seven ERF genes showed that they have multiple stress-related motifs and cis-elements, which may play roles in the plant stress-tolerance process through a transcriptional regulation mechanism; moreover, the cellular_component and molecular_function terms associated with these ERFs determined by GO annotation supported this hypothesis. In addition, the spatio-temporal expression pattern of these seven ERFs, as detected using RT-qPCR and RNA-seq, suggested that they play a critical role in mediating the salt response and tolerance in a dynamic and tissue-specific manner. The results of this study provide a solid basis to explore the functions of the stress-related ERF TFs in Populus abiotic stress tolerance and development process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Huang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Shengji Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Xingdou Wang
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Yan Fan
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
| | - Youzhi Han
- College of Forestry, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, China
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17
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Chong L, Guo P, Zhu Y. Mediator Complex: A Pivotal Regulator of ABA Signaling Pathway and Abiotic Stress Response in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207755. [PMID: 33092161 PMCID: PMC7588972 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As an evolutionarily conserved multi-protein complex, the Mediator complex modulates the association between transcription factors and RNA polymerase II to precisely regulate gene transcription. Although numerous studies have shown the diverse functions of Mediator complex in plant development, flowering, hormone signaling, and biotic stress response, its roles in the Abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway and abiotic stress response remain largely unclear. It has been recognized that the phytohormone, ABA, plays a predominant role in regulating plant adaption to various abiotic stresses as ABA can trigger extensive changes in the transcriptome to help the plants respond to environmental stimuli. Over the past decade, the Mediator complex has been revealed to play key roles in not only regulating the ABA signaling transduction but also in the abiotic stress responses. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge of the Mediator complex in regulating the plants’ response to ABA as well as to the abiotic stresses of cold, drought and high salinity. We will particularly emphasize the involvement of multi-functional subunits of MED25, MED18, MED16, and CDK8 in response to ABA and environmental perturbation. Additionally, we will discuss potential research directions available for further deciphering the role of Mediator complex in regulating ABA and other abiotic stress responses.
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18
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Liu ZJ, Zhang YH, Ma XF, Ye P, Gao F, Li XF, Zhou YJ, Shi ZH, Cheng HM, Zheng CX, Li HJ, Zhang GF. Biological functions of Arabidopsis thaliana MBP-1-like protein encoded by ENO2 in the response to drought and salt stresses. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:660-674. [PMID: 31343741 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2019] [Revised: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana ENO2 (AtENO2) plays an important role in plant growth and development. It encodes two proteins, a full-length AtENO2 and a truncated version, AtMBP-1, alternatively translated from the second start codon of the mRNA. The AtENO2 mutant (eno2- ) exhibited reduced leaf size, shortened siliques, a dwarf phenotype and higher sensitivity to abiotic stress. The objectives of this study were to analyze the regulatory network of the ENO2 gene in plant growth development and understand the function of AtENO2/AtMBP-1 to abiotic stresses. An eno2- /35S:AtENO2-GFP line and an eno2- /35S:AtMBP-1-GFP line of Arabidopsis were obtained. Results of sequencing by 454 GS FLX identified 578 upregulated and 720 downregulated differential expressed genes (DEGs) in a pairwise comparison (WT-VS-eno2- ). All the high-quality reads were annotated using the Gene Ontology (GO) terms. The DEGs with KEGG pathway annotations occurred in 110 pathways. The metabolic pathways and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites contained more DEGs. Moreover, the eno2- /35S:AtENO2-GFP line returned to the wild-type (WT) phenotype and was tolerant to drought and salt stresses. However, the eno2- /35S:AtMBP-1-GFP line was not able to recover the WT phenotype but it has a higher tolerance to drought and salt stresses. Results from this study demonstrate that AtENO2 is critical for the growth and development, and the AtMBP-1 coded by AtENO2 is important in tolerance of Arabidopsis to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jin Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yong-Hua Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ma
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Pan Ye
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yi-Jun Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zi-Han Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hui-Mei Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Chao-Xing Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Hong-Jie Li
- The National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Gen-Fa Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Gene Resource and Molecular Development, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Li X, Liu N, Sun Y, Wang P, Ge X, Pei Y, Liu D, Ma X, Li F, Hou Y. The cotton GhWIN2 gene activates the cuticle biosynthesis pathway and influences the salicylic and jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathways. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:379. [PMID: 31455203 PMCID: PMC6712776 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic pathways are interconnected and yet relatively independent. Genes involved in metabolic modules are required for the modules to run. Study of the relationships between genes and metabolic modules improves the understanding of metabolic pathways in plants. The WIN transcription factor activates the cuticle biosynthesis pathway and promotes cuticle biosynthesis. The relationship between the WIN transcription factor and other metabolic pathways is unknown. Our aim was to determine the relationships between the main genes involved in cuticle biosynthesis and those involved in other metabolic pathways. We did this by cloning a cotton WIN gene, GhWIN2, and studying its influence on other pathways. RESULTS As with other WIN genes, GhWIN2 regulated expression of cuticle biosynthesis-related genes, and promoted cuticle formation. Silencing of GhWIN2 resulted in enhanced resistance to Verticillium dahliae, caused by increased content of salicylic acid (SA). Moreover, silencing of GhWIN2 suppressed expression of jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis-related genes and content. GhWIN2 positively regulated the fatty acid biosynthesis pathway upstream of the JA biosynthesis pathway. Silencing of GhWIN2 reduced the content of stearic acid, a JA biosynthesis precursor. CONCLUSIONS GhWIN2 not only regulated the cuticle biosynthesis pathway, but also positively influenced JA biosynthesis and negatively influenced SA biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiancai Li
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Nana Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Yun Sun
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaoyang Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Yakun Pei
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Di Liu
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Xiaowen Ma
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
| | - Fuguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000 China
| | - Yuxia Hou
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193 China
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Meng S, Cao Y, Li H, Bian Z, Wang D, Lian C, Yin W, Xia X. PeSHN1 regulates water-use efficiency and drought tolerance by modulating wax biosynthesis in poplar. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 39:1371-1386. [PMID: 30938421 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpz033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Wax, a hydrophobic structure that provides an effective waterproof barrier to the leaves, is an important drought adaptation trait for preventing water loss. However, limited knowledge exists regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying wax biosynthesis in trees. Here, PeSHN1, an AP2/ethylene response factor transcription factor, was isolated from a fast-growing poplar Populus × euramericana cv. 'Neva' clone. To study the potential biological functions of PeSHN1, transgenic 84K poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa) plants overexpressing PeSHN1 were generated. PeSHN1 overexpression resulted in decreased transpiration, increased water-use efficiency (WUE) and increased drought tolerance. The transgenic poplar plants exhibited increased wax accumulation and altered wax composition, mainly because of a substantial increase in long-chain (>C30) fatty acids, aldehydes and alkanes. Gene expression analyses revealed that many genes involved in wax biosynthesis were induced in the PeSHN1 overexpression plants. In addition, chromatin immunoprecipitation-PCR assays and dual luciferase assays revealed that at least one of those genes, LACS2, is likely targeted by PeSHN1. Moreover, the PeSHN1 overexpression plants maintained higher photosynthetic activity and accumulated more biomass under drought stress conditions. Taken together, these results suggest that PeSHN1 regulates both WUE and drought tolerance in poplar by modulating wax biosynthesis and that altered PeSHN1 expression could represent a novel approach (altering the wax trait on leaf surfaces to increase WUE) for breeding drought-tolerant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Meng
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangdong, China
| | - Yang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Huiguang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan Bian
- State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongli Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Conglong Lian
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Weilun Yin
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinli Xia
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Tree Breeding by Molecular Design, National Engineering Laboratory for Tree Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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Djemal R, Khoudi H. Combination of the endogenous promoter-intron significantly improves salt and drought tolerance conferred by TdSHN1 transcription factor in transgenic tobacco. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2019; 139:435-445. [PMID: 30999131 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2019.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a renewed interest in introns as a tool to increase gene expression. We previously isolated TdSHN1 gene encoding a transcription factor in durum wheat. Here we show that TdSHN1 intron contains many CT-stretches and the motif CGATT known to be important for IME. When subjected to bioinformatics analysis using IMEter software, TdSHN1 intron obtained a score of 17.04 which indicates that it can moderately enhance gene expression. TdSHN1 gene including its intron was placed under the control of TdSHN1 endogenous salt and drought-inducible promoter or the constitutive 35S promoter and transferred into tobacco. Transgenic lines were obtained and designated gD (with 35S promoter) and PI (with native promoter). A third construct was also used in which intron-less cDNA was driven by the 35S promoter (cD lines). Results showed that, gD lines exhibited lower stomatal density than cD lines. When subjected to drought and salt stresses, gD lines outperformed intron-less cD lines and WT. Indeed, gD lines exhibited longer roots, higher biomass production, retained more chlorophyll, produced less ROS and MDA and had higher antioxidant activity. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that gD lines had higher TdSHN1 expression levels than cD lines. In addition, expression of ROS-scavengering, stress-related and wax biosynthesis tobacco genes was higher in gD lines compared to cD lines and WT. Interestingly, under stress conditions, PI transgenic lines showed higher TdSHN1 expression levels and outperformed gD lines. These results suggest that TdSHN1 intron enhances gene expression when used alone or in combination with TdSHN1 endogenous promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Djemal
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Bi H, Shi J, Kovalchuk N, Luang S, Bazanova N, Chirkova L, Zhang D, Shavrukov Y, Stepanenko A, Tricker P, Langridge P, Hrmova M, Lopato S, Borisjuk N. Overexpression of the TaSHN1 transcription factor in bread wheat leads to leaf surface modifications, improved drought tolerance, and no yield penalty under controlled growth conditions. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2018; 41:2549-2566. [PMID: 29761511 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factors regulate multiple networks, mediating the responses of organisms to stresses, including drought. Here, we investigated the role of the wheat transcription factor TaSHN1 in crop growth and drought tolerance. TaSHN1, isolated from bread wheat, was characterized for molecular interactions and functionality. The overexpression of TaSHN1 in wheat was followed by the evaluation of T2 and T3 transgenic lines for drought tolerance, growth, and yield components. Leaf surface changes were analysed by light microscopy, SEM, TEM, and GC-MS/GC-FID. TaSHN1 behaves as a transcriptional activator in a yeast transactivation assay and binds stress-related DNA cis-elements, determinants of which were revealed using 3D molecular modelling. The overexpression of TaSHN1 in transgenic wheat did not result in a yield penalty under the controlled plant growth conditions of a glasshouse. Transgenic lines had significantly lower stomatal density and leaf water loss and exhibited improved recovery after severe drought, compared with control plants. The comparative analysis of cuticular waxes revealed an increased accumulation of alkanes in leaves of transgenic lines. Our data demonstrate that TaSHN1 may operate as a positive modulator of drought stress tolerance. Positive attributes could be mediated through an enhanced accumulation of alkanes and reduced stomatal density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Bi
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Jianxin Shi
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Nataliya Kovalchuk
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Sukanya Luang
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Natalia Bazanova
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Larissa Chirkova
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Dabing Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University-University of Adelaide Joint Centre for Agriculture and Health, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 20040, China
| | - Yuri Shavrukov
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Anton Stepanenko
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
| | - Penny Tricker
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Peter Langridge
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Maria Hrmova
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Sergiy Lopato
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
| | - Nikolai Borisjuk
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Wine, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, South Australia, 5064, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China
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Djemal R, Mila I, Bouzayen M, Pirrello J, Khoudi H. Molecular cloning and characterization of novel WIN1/SHN1 ethylene responsive transcription factor HvSHN1 in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 228:39-46. [PMID: 29852333 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/08/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is the fourth major cereal crop and shows high adaptive capabilities to diverse environments. Thus, it might represent a potential reservoir of novel genes to improve abiotic stress tolerance. In this study, a novel AP2/ERF transcription factor gene designated as HvSHN1 was isolated from barley. Protein sequence analysis showed that the HvSHN1 protein contained a nuclear localization signal and the conserved AP2/ERF domain. Phylogenetic analysis showed that HvSHN1 belongs to the group Va protein in the ERF subfamily which contains the Arabidopsis genes (SHN1, 2 and 3) and the wheat gene TdSHN1 with which it has 94.7% protein sequence identity. Expression profile analysis revealed that HvSHN1 is strongly induced by heat, cold, salt and drought. Transient expression using tobacco BY-2 protoplast coupled to confocal microscopy analysis revealed that HvSHN1 is exclusively targeted to the nucleus. Interestingly, when constitutively expressed in transgenic tobacco, HvSHN1 up-regulated stress responsive genes known to harbor GCC or DRE motif in their promoter regions. Therefore, HvSHN1 might represent a potential candidate for improvement of abiotic stress tolerance in economically important crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Djemal
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Isabelle Mila
- University of Toulouse, INPT, Laboratoire de Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole BP 32607, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France; INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
| | - Mondher Bouzayen
- University of Toulouse, INPT, Laboratoire de Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole BP 32607, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France; INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
| | - Julien Pirrello
- University of Toulouse, INPT, Laboratoire de Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Avenue de l'Agrobiopole BP 32607, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France; INRA, UMR990 Génomique et Biotechnologie des Fruits, Castanet-Tolosan, F-31326, France
| | - Habib Khoudi
- Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology and Improvement, University of Sfax, Center of Biotechnology of Sfax, Route Sidi Mansour, Km 6 B.P' 1177, 3018, Sfax, Tunisia.
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Qin L, Wang L, Guo Y, Li Y, Ümüt H, Wang Y. An ERF transcription factor from Tamarix hispida, ThCRF1, can adjust osmotic potential and reactive oxygen species scavenging capability to improve salt tolerance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 265:154-166. [PMID: 29223337 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene-Responsive Factors (ERFs) are plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) involved in multiple biological processes, especially in abiotic stress tolerance. However, the ERFs from woody halophytes that are involved in salt stress have been little studied. In the present investigation, we characterized a subfamily member of ERF TFs from Tamarix hispida, ThCRF1, which responds to salt stress. ThCRF1 is a nuclear protein that binds to the motifs including TTG, DRE and GCC-box. Transient transformation was performed to generate T. hispida overexpressing ThCRF1 and RNA interference (RNAi)-silenced ThCRF1 to analyze its function using gain- and loss-of-function methods. Overexpression of ThCRF1 in T. hispida significantly improved tolerance to salt-shock-induced stress; by contrast, RNAi-silence of ThCRF1 significantly decreased tolerance to salt-shock-induced stress. Further experiments showed that ThCRF1 induces the expression of genes including those encoding pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS), trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS), trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase (TPP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD), which lead to enhanced proline and trehalose levels and increased SOD and POD activities. These results were further confirmed by studying transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing ThCRF1. Therefore, the results suggested that ThCRF1 improves tolerance to salt-shock-induced stress by enhancing trehalose and proline biosynthesis to adjust the osmotic potential, and by improving SOD and POD activities to increase reactive oxygen species scavenging capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Liuqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China
| | - Halik Ümüt
- Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology, College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, China
| | - Yucheng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biogeography and Bioresource in Arid Land, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
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25
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Liu Y, Wei M, Hou C, Lu T, Liu L, Wei H, Cheng Y, Wei Z. Functional Characterization of Populus PsnSHN2 in Coordinated Regulation of Secondary Wall Components in Tobacco. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42. [PMID: 28246387 PMCID: PMC5428377 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-00093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Wood formation is a biological process during which the most abundant lignocellulosic biomass on earth is produced. Although a number of transcription factors have been linked to the regulation of wood formation process, none of them has been demonstrated to be a higher hierarchical regulator that coordinately regulates secondary wall biosynthesis genes. Here, we identified a Populus gene, PsnSHN2, a counterpart of the Arabidopsis AP2/ERF type transcription factor, SHINE2. PsnSHN2 is predominantly expressed in xylem tissues and acted evidently as a high hierarchical transcriptional activator. Overexpression of PsnSHN2 in tobacco significantly altered the expression of both transcription factors and biosynthesis genes involved in secondary wall formation, leading to the thickened secondary walls and the changed cell wall composition. The most significant changes occurred in the contents of cellulose and hemicellulose that increased 37% and 28%, respectively, whereas the content of lignin that decreased 34%. Furthermore, PsnSHN2 activated or repressed the promoter activities of transcription factors involved in secondary wall biosynthesis and bound to five cis-acting elements enriched in the promoter regions of these transcription factors. Taken together, our results suggest PsnSHN2 coordinately regulate secondary wall formation through selective up/down-regulation of its downstream transcription factors that control secondary wall formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Minjing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Cong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China
| | | | - Hairong Wei
- School of Forest Resource and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Yuxiang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China.
| | - Zhigang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150040, P.R. China.
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Phukan UJ, Jeena GS, Tripathi V, Shukla RK. Regulation of Apetala2/Ethylene Response Factors in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:150. [PMID: 28270817 PMCID: PMC5318435 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Multiple environmental stresses affect growth and development of plants. Plants try to adapt under these unfavorable condition through various evolutionary mechanisms like physiological and biochemical alterations connecting various network of regulatory processes. Transcription factors (TFs) like APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS (AP2/ERFs) are an integral component of these signaling cascades because they regulate expression of a wide variety of down stream target genes related to stress response and development through different mechanism. This downstream regulation of transcript does not always positively or beneficially affect the plant but also they display some developmental defects like senescence and reduced growth under normal condition or sensitivity to stress condition. Therefore, tight auto/cross regulation of these TFs at transcriptional, translational and domain level is crucial to understand. The present manuscript discuss the multiple regulation and advantage of plasticity and specificity of these family of TFs to a wide or single downstream target(s) respectively. We have also discussed the concern which comes with the unwanted associated traits, which could only be averted by further study and exploration of these AP2/ERFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal J. Phukan
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsLucknow, India
| | - Gajendra S. Jeena
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsLucknow, India
| | - Vineeta Tripathi
- Botany Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research InstituteLucknow, India
| | - Rakesh K. Shukla
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic PlantsLucknow, India
- *Correspondence: Rakesh K. Shukla
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Guo W, Jin L, Miao Y, He X, Hu Q, Guo K, Zhu L, Zhang X. An ethylene response-related factor, GbERF1-like, from Gossypium barbadense improves resistance to Verticillium dahliae via activating lignin synthesis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 91:305-18. [PMID: 26971283 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0467-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
An ethylene response-related factor, GbERF1-like, from Gossypium barbadense cv. '7124' involved in the defence response to Verticillium dahliae was characterized. GbERF1-like transcripts present ubiquitously in various tissues, with higher accumulation in flower organs. GbERF1-like was also responsive to defence-related phytohormones and V. dahliae infection. The downregulation of GbERF1-like increased the susceptibility of cotton plants to V. dahliae infection, while overexpression of this gene improved disease resistance in both cotton and Arabidopsis, coupled with activation of the pathogenesis-related proteins. Further analysis revealed that genes involved in lignin synthesis, such as PAL, C4H, C3H, HCT, CCoAOMT, CCR and F5H, showed higher expression levels in the overexpressing cotton and Arabidopsis lines and lower expression levels in the RNAi cotton lines. The expression levels of these genes increased obviously when the GbERF1-like-overexpressing plants were inoculated with V. dahliae. Meanwhile, significant differences in the content of whole lignin could be found in the stems of transgenic and wild-type plants after inoculation with V. dahliae, as revealed by metabolic and histochemical analysis. More lignin could be detected in GbERF1-like-overexpressing cotton and Arabidopsis but less in GbERF1-like-silencing cotton compared with wild-type plants. The ratio of S and G monomers in GbERF1-like-overexpressing cotton and Arabidopsis increased significantly after infection by V. dahliae. Moreover, our results showed that the promoters of GhHCT1 and AtPAL3 could be transactivated by GbERF1-like in vivo based on yeast one-hybrid assays and dual-luciferase reporter assays. Knockdown of GhHCT1 in GbERF1-like over-expressing cotton decreases resistance to V. dahliae. Collectively, our results suggest that GbERF1-like acts as a positive regulator in lignin synthesis and contributes substantially to resistance to V. dahliae in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- College of Plant Science, Tarim University, Alar, 843300, Xinjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Jin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhuan Miao
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin He
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Longfu Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianlong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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Jin JH, Zhang HX, Tan JY, Yan MJ, Li DW, Khan A, Gong ZH. A New Ethylene-Responsive Factor CaPTI1 Gene of Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Involved in the Regulation of Defense Response to Phytophthora capsici. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1217. [PMID: 26779241 PMCID: PMC4705296 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene-responsive factors (ERF) are usually considered to play diverse roles in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, an ERF gene CaPTI1 was isolated from pepper transcriptome database. CaPTI1 contains an open reading frame (ORF) of 543 bp, which encodes a putative polypeptide of 180 amino acids with a theoretical molecular weight of 20.30 kDa. Results of expression profile showed that CaPTI1 had a highest expression level in roots and this gene could not only response to the infection of Phytophthora capsici and the stresses of cold and drought, but also be induced by the signaling molecule (salicylic acid, Methyl Jasmonate, Ethephon, and hydogen peroxide). Furthermore, virus-induce gene silencing (VIGS) of CaPTI1 in pepper weakened the defense response significantly by reducing the expression of defense related genes CaPR1, CaDEF1 and CaSAR82 and also the root activity. These results suggested that CaPTI1 is involved in the regulation of defense response to P. capsici in pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F UniversityYangling, China
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